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Akbulut Z, Aru B, Aydın F, Yanıkkaya Demirel G. Immune checkpoint inhibitors in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1379622. [PMID: 38638433 PMCID: PMC11024234 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1379622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite advances in cancer treatment, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common form of liver cancer, remains a major public health problem worldwide. The immune microenvironment plays a critical role in regulating tumor progression and resistance to therapy, and in HCC, the tumor microenvironment (TME) is characterized by an abundance of immunosuppressive cells and signals that facilitate immune evasion and metastasis. Recently, anti-cancer immunotherapies, therapeutic interventions designed to modulate the immune system to recognize and eliminate cancer, have become an important cornerstone of cancer therapy. Immunotherapy has demonstrated the ability to improve survival and provide durable cancer control in certain groups of HCC patients, while reducing adverse side effects. These findings represent a significant step toward improving cancer treatment outcomes. As demonstrated in clinical trials, the administration of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), particularly in combination with anti-angiogenic agents and tyrosine kinase inhibitors, has prolonged survival in a subset of patients with HCC, providing an alternative for patients who progress on first-line therapy. In this review, we aimed to provide an overview of HCC and the role of the immune system in its development, and to summarize the findings of clinical trials involving ICIs, either as monotherapies or in combination with other agents in the treatment of the disease. Challenges and considerations regarding the administration of ICIs in the treatment of HCC are also outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Akbulut
- Cancer and Stem Cell Research Center, Maltepe University, Istanbul, Türkiye
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Maltepe University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Başak Aru
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Furkan Aydın
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Türkiye
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Mimic S, Aru B, Pehlivanoğlu C, Sleiman H, Andjus PR, Yanıkkaya Demirel G. Immunology of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis - role of the innate and adaptive immunity. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1277399. [PMID: 38105925 PMCID: PMC10723830 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1277399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
This review aims to summarize the latest evidence about the role of innate and adaptive immunity in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). ALS is a devastating neurodegenerative disease affecting upper and lower motor neurons, which involves essential cells of the immune system that play a basic role in innate or adaptive immunity, that can be neurotoxic or neuroprotective for neurons. However, distinguishing between the sole neurotoxic or neuroprotective function of certain cells such as astrocytes can be challenging due to intricate nature of these cells, the complexity of the microenvironment and the contextual factors. In this review, in regard to innate immunity we focus on the involvement of monocytes/macrophages, microglia, the complement, NK cells, neutrophils, mast cells, and astrocytes, while regarding adaptive immunity, in addition to humoral immunity the most important features and roles of T and B cells are highlighted, specifically different subsets of CD4+ as well as CD8+ T cells. The role of autoantibodies and cytokines is also discussed in distinct sections of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Mimic
- Centre for Laser Microscopy, Institute of Physiology and Biochemistry “Jean Giaja”, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Başak Aru
- Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Cemil Pehlivanoğlu
- Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Hadi Sleiman
- Faculty of Medicine, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Pavle R. Andjus
- Centre for Laser Microscopy, Institute of Physiology and Biochemistry “Jean Giaja”, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Aru B, Akdeniz T, Dağdeviren H, Gürel G, Yanıkkaya Demirel G. Testosterone Propionate Promotes Proliferation and Viability of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells while Preserving Their Characteristics and Inducing Their Anti-Cancer Efficacy. Balkan Med J 2023; 40:117-123. [PMID: 36748249 PMCID: PMC9998833 DOI: 10.4274/balkanmedj.galenos.2022.2022-10-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Various studies have reported the effects of testosterone on different cell types, yet bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells’ cellular responses to testosterone remain unknown. Aims To investigate the effects of testosterone propionate, an oil-soluble short-acting form of testosterone, on human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells’ proliferation and viability after 24 hours of incubation. We also investigated the impact of testosterone propionate on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell’s polarization and cytotoxicity on K562 leukemia cell line. Study Design In vitro study. Methods We expanded commercially available bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells in vitro and treated them with testosterone propionate at concentrations ranging from 10-6-10-10 M for 24 hours. Ideal concentration was determined by evaluating cellular viability and proliferation with Annexin V/Propidium Iodide assay and carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester staining. The characteristic features of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells were evaluated by immunophenotyping and investigating their differentiation capacities. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells’ cytotoxic properties upon testosterone propionate treatment were determined by co-culturing the cells with K562 cells and with confocal imaging investigating polarization. Results Testosterone propionate promoted proliferation and maintained the viability of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem at 10-8 M concentration. Further evaluations were conducted with the determined dose. The results showed that, apart from promoting mesenchymal stem cells’ polarization and increasing their cytotoxicity on K562 cells, testosterone propionate did not alter differentiation capacities of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and certain cell surface markers, but led to a significant increase in HLA-DR expression. Conclusion The findings reveal that testosterone propionate promotes the proliferation and survival of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in a dose-dependent manner without hampering their differentiation capacities, induces their polarization to the pro-inflammatory phenotype, and increases their cytotoxicity on the K562 cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Başak Aru
- Department of Immunology, Yeditepe University Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Tuba Akdeniz
- Department of Medical Biology, Yeditepe University Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Hüsniye Dağdeviren
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Yeditepe University Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Gizem Gürel
- Department of Immunology, Yeditepe University Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Gülderen Yanıkkaya Demirel
- Department of Immunology, Yeditepe University Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey,Stem Cell Laboratory, Yeditepe University Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
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4
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Aru B, Gümüşgöz Çelik G, Harmandar K, Şahin B, Gürek AG, Atilla D, Yanıkkaya Demirel G. Chemo-photodynamic Activity of Silicon Phthalocyanines Bearing Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors on Colorectal Cancer Cell Lines. ACS Appl Bio Mater 2022; 5:3936-3950. [PMID: 35802827 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.2c00461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer ranks as the third most lethal cancer worldwide, resulting in over 1 million cases and 900 000 deaths per year. According to population-based studies, administration of long-term non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) was proven to reduce the risk of a subject developing colorectal cancer. In the present study, the anti-cancer activity of two different NSAIDs, sulindac- (Pc-1) or diclofenac-substituted (Pc-2) asymmetric silicon phthalocyanine derivatives, was evaluated in four different colorectal cancer cell lines bearing various carcinogenic mutations. In this context, the IC50 values of each compound after 24 and 48 h were determined on HCT116, SW480, LoVo, and HT29 cell lines, and the effects of the compounds on programmed cell death pathways apoptosis and autophagy, their impact on cell cycle progression, and the effect of NSAID moieties they bear on COX-1 and COX-2 proteins were analyzed. In addition, the photophysical and photochemical properties of a synthesized Pc derivative bearing axial diclofenac and triethylene glycol groups (Pc-2) have been investigated, and the compound has been characterized by using different analytical techniques. Our results indicated that both compounds inhibit COX protein expression levels, activate apoptosis in all cell lines, and lead to cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase, depending on the COX expression profiles of the cell lines, indicating that NSAIDs can be coupled with Pc's to achieve increased anti-cancer activity, especially on cancer cells known to have high COX activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Başak Aru
- Faculty of Medicine, Immunology Department, Yeditepe University, 34755 Ataşehir, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gizem Gümüşgöz Çelik
- Department of Chemistry, Gebze Technical University, 41400 Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Kevser Harmandar
- Department of Chemistry, Gebze Technical University, 41400 Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Belgin Şahin
- Department of Chemistry, Gebze Technical University, 41400 Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Ayşe Gül Gürek
- Department of Chemistry, Gebze Technical University, 41400 Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Devrim Atilla
- Department of Chemistry, Gebze Technical University, 41400 Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey
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Aru B, Günay A, Demirel GY, Gürek AG, Atilla D. Evaluation of histone deacetylase inhibitor substituted zinc and indium phthalocyanines for chemo- and photodynamic therapy. RSC Adv 2021; 11:34963-34978. [PMID: 35494743 PMCID: PMC9042886 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra05404j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we synthesized and characterized 3-hydroxypyridin-2-thione (3-HPT) bearing zinc (ZnPc-1 and ZnPc-2) and indium (InPc-1 and InPc-2) phthalocyanine (Pc) derivatives, either non-peripherally or peripherally substituted as photosensitizer (PS) agents and evaluated their anti-cancer efficacy on two breast cancer cell lines, MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 as well as a human endothelial cell line, HUVEC. Our results indicated different localization patterns between ZnPcs and InPcs in addition to enhanced effects on the mitochondrial network for InPcs. Moreover, peripheral or non-peripheral substitution of HDACi moieties altered cellular localization between ZnPc-1 and ZnPc-2, leading to increased IC50 values along with decreased anti-cancer activity for non-peripheral substitution. When considering the compounds' differential effects in vitro, our data indicates that further research is required to determine the ideal Pcs for anti-cancer PDT treatments since the core metals of the compounds have affected the cellular localization, and positioning of the chemotherapeutic residues may inhibit cellular penetrance. 3-Hydroxypyridin-2-thione bearing zinc and indium phthalocyanine derivatives, as photosensitizer agents have been synthesized and evaluated for their anti-cancer efficacy on two breast cancer cell lines, MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 as well as a human endothelial cell line, HUVEC.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Başak Aru
- Faculty of Medicine, Immunology Department, Yeditepe University, 34755 Ataşehir, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Aysel Günay
- Department of Chemistry, Gebze Technical University, 41400 Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | | | - Ayşe Gül Gürek
- Department of Chemistry, Gebze Technical University, 41400 Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Devrim Atilla
- Department of Chemistry, Gebze Technical University, 41400 Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey
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Aru B, Günay A, Şenkuytu E, Yanıkkaya Demirel G, Gürek AG, Atilla D. A Translational Study of a Silicon Phthalocyanine Substituted with a Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor for Photodynamic Therapy. ACS Omega 2020; 5:25854-25867. [PMID: 33073111 PMCID: PMC7558005 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c03180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we synthesized and characterized a silicon phthalocyanine substituted with 3-hydroxypyridin-2-thione (SiPc-HDACi), designed to be a chemophotodynamic therapy agent acting as a histone deacetylase inhibitor, and we determined its photophysical, photochemical, and photobiological properties. Next, we evaluated its anticancer efficacy on MCF-7, double positive and MDA-MB-231, triple negative breast cancer cell lines, as well as on a healthy human endothelial cell line (HUVEC). Our results indicate that SiPc-HDACi can target nucleoli of cells, effectively inducing apoptosis while promoting cell cycle arrest thanks to its high singlet oxygen yield and its histone deacetylase downregulating properties, suggesting a powerful anticancer effect on breast cancer in vitro. Our further studies will be conducted with primary breast cancer cell culture to give a better insight into the anticancer mechanism of the compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Başak Aru
- Department
of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Gebze
Technical University, 41400 Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey
- Faculty
of Medicine, Immunology Department, Yeditepe University, 34755 Ataşehir, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Aysel Günay
- Department
of Chemistry, Gebze Technical University, 41400 Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Elif Şenkuytu
- Faculty
of Science, Department of Chemistry, Atatürk
University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
| | | | - Ayşe Gül Gürek
- Department
of Chemistry, Gebze Technical University, 41400 Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Devrim Atilla
- Department
of Chemistry, Gebze Technical University, 41400 Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey
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Aru B, Güzelmeric E, Akgül A, Demirel GY, Kırmızıbekmez H. Antiproliferative Activity of Chemically Characterized Propolis from Turkey and Its Mechanisms of Action. Chem Biodivers 2019; 16:e1900189. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201900189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Başak Aru
- Department of ImmunologyFaculty of MedicineYeditepe University TR-34755 Kayışdağı İstanbul Turkey
| | - Etil Güzelmeric
- Department of PharmacognosyFaculty of PharmacyYeditepe University TR-34755 Kayışdağı İstanbul Turkey
| | - Aslı Akgül
- Faculty of PharmacyYeditepe University TR-34755 Kayışdağı İstanbul Turkey
| | | | - Hasan Kırmızıbekmez
- Department of PharmacognosyFaculty of PharmacyYeditepe University TR-34755 Kayışdağı İstanbul Turkey
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Kozanoğlu İ, Patıroğlu T, Dalva K, Yanıkkaya Demirel G, Soysal T, Demir M. Results of the Hematology Laboratory Survey: What has Changed in Eight Years? Turk J Haematol 2018; 35:215-216. [PMID: 29666040 PMCID: PMC6110455 DOI: 10.4274/tjh.2018.0065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- İlknur Kozanoğlu
- Başkent University Dr. Turgut Noyan Practice and Research Hospital, Clinic of Hematology, Adana, Turkey
| | - Türkan Patıroğlu
- Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine, Clinic of Hematology, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Klara Dalva
- Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Clinic of Hematology, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Teoman Soysal
- İstanbul University Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, Department of Hematology, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Muzaffer Demir
- Trakya University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Hematology, Edirne, Turkey
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9
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Terzioğlu G, Örmeci B, Türksoy Ö, Sayman C, Çınar N, Öztürk GA, Demirel GY. Mitochondrial depletion in CD4 + and CD19 + peripheral lymphocytes in early stage Alzheimer’s disease. Mech Ageing Dev 2017; 167:24-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2017.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Revised: 08/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Özsavcı D, Şener A, Oba R, Yanıkkaya Demirel G, Uras F, Yardımcı TK. New in vitro effects of clopidogrel on platelets in hyperlipidemic and healthy subjects. Turk J Haematol 2016; 27:99-108. [PMID: 27263451 DOI: 10.5152/tjh.2010.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to detect novel in vitro effects of clopidogrel on platelets by assessment of the following parameters: malondialdehyde, glutathione, nitrite, aggregation response, and expressions of P-selectin, fibrinogen, apolipoprotein A1, apolipoprotein B, and phosphatidylserine. METHODS Platelets were obtained from healthy (n: 9) and hyperlipidemic (n: 9) volunteers. Expressions of P-selectin, fibrinogen, apolipoproteins A1/B and phosphatidylserine with and without clopidogrel were assayed by flow cytometry. Malondialdehyde, glutathione, aggregation and nitrite levels were also assayed. RESULTS Without clopidogrel, the baseline values of platelet aggregation, malondialdehyde, and expressions of P-selectin, fibrinogen and phosphatidylserine were significantly higher, whereas nitrite and expression of apolipoproteins A1/B were significantly lower in hyperlipidemics than in the healthy group. In both groups, clopidogrel significantly reduced aggregation and expression of fibrinogen, but it elevated nitrite levels. Clopidogrel significantly decreased P-selectin and phosphatidylserine expression and malondialdehyde but increased expressions of apolipoproteins A1/B only in hyperlipidemics. CONCLUSION It seems that clopidogrel has some new in vitro antiplatelet effects. The present study is a basic in vitro study to suggest new insights into the effects of clopidogrel on platelet functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derya Özsavcı
- Tibbiye Cad. No: 49, Haydarpasa, Kadiköy, İstanbul,Turkey Phone: +90 216 450 27 73 E-mail:
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Yanıkkaya Demirel G, Budak-Alpdoğan T, Aktaş S, Bayık M. Long-term culture-initiating cells (LTC-IC) produced from CD34+ cord blood cells with limiting dilution method. Turk J Haematol 2010; 27:234-41. [PMID: 27263736 DOI: 10.5152/tjh.2010.44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Even though much progress has been made in defining primitive hematologic cell phenotypes by using flow cytometry and clonogenic methods, the direct method for study of marrow repopulating cells still remains to be elusive. Long Term Culture-Initiating Cells (LTC-IC) are known as the most primitive human hematopoietic cells detectable by in vitro functional assays. METHODS In this study, LTC-IC with limiting dilution assay was used to evaluate repopulating potential of cord blood stem cells. RESULTS CD34 selections from cord blood were completed succesfully with magnetic beads (73,64%±9,12). The average incidence of week 5 LTC-IC was 1: 1966 CD34+ cells (range 1261-2906). CONCLUSION We found that number of LTC-IC obtained from CD34+ cord blood cells were relatively low in numbers when compared to previously reported bone marrow CD34+ cells. This may be due to the lack of some transcription and growth factors along with some cytokines and chemokines released by accessory cells which are necessary for proliferation of cord blood progenitor/stem cells and it presents an area of interest for further studies.
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12
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Pekiner FN, Demirel GY, Gümrü B, Özbayrak S. Serum cytokine and T regulatory cell levels in patients with burning mouth syndrome. J Oral Pathol Med 2008; 37:528-34. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0714.2008.00668.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Abstract
Lipoprotein-platelet interactions are very important in atherosclerosis and thrombosis. Several studies have been carried out on specific binding of various lipoproteins to platelets. But there is considerable disagreement about the details of these binding sites. Although low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptors of several cells have been studied extensively, there is little datum about high-density lipoprotein (HDL) receptors. Apolipoprotein (apo) A-I may play a major role in the determination of the specificity of HDL receptors. In this study, binding of apo A-I to platelets was investigated by using a flow cytometric method. Citrated blood samples were obtained from five healthy and seven hypercholesterolemic subjects. Apo A-I antibody was incubated with the citrated whole blood before and after activation with ADP or thrombin receptor agonist peptide (TRAP). Then fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labeled secondary antibodies were added and analyzed on a Becton-Dickinson FACSort flow cytometer. In the hypercholesterolemic group, apo A-I binding to platelets was found to be significantly decreased after activation with TRAP (P<.05), but not after activation with ADP. In the control group, after platelet activation with ADP or TRAP, the apo A-I MFI values were not found to be significantly different from the values of resting platelets (P>.05). In this study, we demonstrated that apo A-I can bind to platelets, and this supports the hypothesis that apo A-I may play a major role in HDL binding to platelets.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Ozsavci
- Department of Biochemistry, Marmara University Faculty of Pharmacy, Tibbiye Caddesi, No. 49, Haydarpasa, Kadikoy 81010, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Kucukkaya RD, Hacihanefioglu A, Yenerel MN, Turgut M, Nalcali M, Keskin H, Solakoglu S, Demirel GY. CD15-expressing phagocytic plasma cells in a patient with multiple myeloma. Blood 2001; 97:581-3. [PMID: 11202432 DOI: 10.1182/blood.v97.2.581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Karakaş Z, Ağaoğlu L, Erdem S, Demirel GY, Arasa M, Süzergöz F, Deniz G, Anak S, Gedikoğlu G. Prognostic value of P-gp expression and related function in childhood acute leukemia. Adv Exp Med Biol 1999; 457:21-8. [PMID: 10500776 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-4811-9_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
MESH Headings
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/genetics
- Antigens, CD/analysis
- Child
- Child, Preschool
- Female
- Genes, MDR
- Humans
- Infant
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/immunology
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/mortality
- Male
- Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/genetics
- Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/immunology
- Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/mortality
- Prognosis
- Recurrence
- Survival Analysis
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Karakaş
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, I.U. School of Medicine, Istanbul/Turkey
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