1
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Hua M, Chen Y, Jia M, Lv W, Xu Y, Zhang Y. RNA-binding protein THUMPD2 inhibits proliferation and promotes metastasis in epithelial ovarian cancer. Heliyon 2024; 10:e33201. [PMID: 39071668 PMCID: PMC11279259 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is a common and lethal gynaecological malignancy. RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) play a crucial role in governing RNA metabolism and have been implicated in the development and progression of diverse cancer types. Slight alterations in RBPs' expression or activity can induce substantial modifications in the regulatory network. THUMPD2, as member of the RBP family, was found to have differential expression in ovarian cancer, with the mechanism has not been studied yet. In this study, THUMPD2 protein was found to be weakly expressed in the early (I + II) stages of OC (P = 0.013), with a low expression rate of 78.6 %, and highly expressed in late (III + IV) stages (P = 0.009), with a high expression rate of 84.8 %. The shRNA-mediated knockdown of THUMPD2 in OVCAR3 and SKOV3 cells resulted in increased cell proliferation but inhibited metastasis, whereas THUMPD2 overexpression had the opposite effect. THUMPD2 overexpression suppressed tumour growth in vivo. Conversely, low THUMPD2 expression promoted tumour growth. Furthermore, we identified the potential target genes and pathways of THUMPD2 using GO and KEGG analyses, which were related to the centrosome, microtubules, cell cycle, and extracellular matrix. We demonstrated that low expression of THUMPD2 in the early stage promoted tumour growth and high expression in the late stage promoted tumour metastasis. Our findings reveal the dual function of THUMPD2 in OC and suggest that THUMPD2 may serve as a therapeutic target for the treatment of OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minhui Hua
- Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Yujie Chen
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Meiqun Jia
- Department of Gynecology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Wenxuan Lv
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Yunzhao Xu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Yuquan Zhang
- Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
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2
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Chan T, Cheng L, Hsu C, Yang P, Liao T, Hsieh H, Lin P, HuangFu W, Chuu C, Tsai KK. ASPM stabilizes the NOTCH intracellular domain 1 and promotes oncogenesis by blocking FBXW7 binding in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Mol Oncol 2024; 18:562-579. [PMID: 38279565 PMCID: PMC10920086 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Notch signaling is aberrantly activated in approximately 30% of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), significantly contributing to tumorigenesis and disease progression. Expression of the major Notch receptor, NOTCH1, is upregulated in HCC cells and correlates with advanced disease stages, although the molecular mechanisms underlying its overexpression remain unclear. Here, we report that expression of the intracellular domain of NOTCH1 (NICD1) is upregulated in HCC cells due to antagonism between the E3-ubiquitin ligase F-box/WD repeat-containing protein 7 (FBXW7) and the large scaffold protein abnormal spindle-like microcephaly-associated protein (ASPM) isoform 1 (ASPM-i1). Mechanistically, FBXW7-mediated polyubiquitination and the subsequent proteasomal degradation of NICD1 are hampered by the interaction of NICD1 with ASPM-i1, thereby stabilizing NICD1 and rendering HCC cells responsive to stimulation by Notch ligands. Consistently, downregulating ASPM-i1 expression reduced the protein abundance of NICD1 but not its FBXW7-binding-deficient mutant. Reinforcing the oncogenic function of this regulatory module, the forced expression of NICD1 significantly restored the tumorigenic potential of ASPM-i1-deficient HCC cells. Echoing these findings, NICD1 was found to be strongly co-expressed with ASPM-i1 in cancer cells in human HCC tissues (P < 0.001). In conclusion, our study identifies a novel Notch signaling regulatory mechanism mediated by protein-protein interaction between NICD1, FBXW7, and ASPM-i1 in HCC cells, representing a targetable vulnerability in human HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tze‐Sian Chan
- Laboratory of Advanced Molecular Therapeutics, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of MedicineTaipei Medical UniversityTaiwan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang HospitalTaipei Medical UniversityTaiwan
- School of Medicine, College of MedicineTaipei Medical UniversityTaiwan
- Pancreatic Cancer Group, Taipei Cancer CenterTaipei Medical UniversityTaiwan
| | - Li‐Hsin Cheng
- Laboratory of Advanced Molecular Therapeutics, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of MedicineTaipei Medical UniversityTaiwan
- Core Laboratory of Organoids Technology, Office of R&DTaipei Medical UniversityTaiwan
| | - Chung‐Chi Hsu
- School of Medicine, College of MedicineI‐Shou UniversityKaohsiung CityTaiwan
| | - Pei‐Ming Yang
- Master Program in Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug DiscoveryTaipei Medical UniversityTaiwan
| | - Tai‐Yan Liao
- Laboratory of Advanced Molecular Therapeutics, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of MedicineTaipei Medical UniversityTaiwan
| | - Hsiao‐Yen Hsieh
- Laboratory of Advanced Molecular Therapeutics, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of MedicineTaipei Medical UniversityTaiwan
| | - Pei‐Chun Lin
- Laboratory of Advanced Molecular Therapeutics, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of MedicineTaipei Medical UniversityTaiwan
| | - Wei‐Chun HuangFu
- Master Program in Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug DiscoveryTaipei Medical UniversityTaiwan
| | - Chih‐Pin Chuu
- Institute of Cellular and System MedicineNational Health Research InstitutesMiaoliTaiwan
| | - Kelvin K. Tsai
- Laboratory of Advanced Molecular Therapeutics, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of MedicineTaipei Medical UniversityTaiwan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang HospitalTaipei Medical UniversityTaiwan
- Pancreatic Cancer Group, Taipei Cancer CenterTaipei Medical UniversityTaiwan
- Core Laboratory of Organoids Technology, Office of R&DTaipei Medical UniversityTaiwan
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational MedicineTaipei Medical UniversityTaiwan
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3
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Cao Z, Li Y, Xu C, Zhang Z, Wang Z, Ma Z, Xu P, Sun X, He X, Zhang J, Jiang H, Li G. Activation of assembly factor for spindle microtubules triggers progression of renal cell carcinoma via Wnt3a pathway. J Cancer 2023; 14:3248-3257. [PMID: 37928425 PMCID: PMC10622994 DOI: 10.7150/jca.88063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma, shorted as RCC is a well-known urological cancer with high level of morbidity and mortality. Although the regulatory role of the spindle microtubule assembly factor (ASPM) in tumor progression has been established, its relationship to the development of RCC remains unclear. To determine the significance of this gene in RCC, we examined its expression in RCC patients in the TCGA database and compared ASPM level between clinical samples of normal tissues and RCC tissues collected at our center. The prognostic relevance of ASPM was assessed by generating Kaplan-Meier survival curves and log-rank functions. Following alteration of ASPM expression using sh-ASPM or oe-ASPM transfection, RCC cell characteristics were evaluated through CCK-8, Transwell, and colony formation assays. Western blot analysis was conducted to measure levels of genes affected by ASPM, and rescue experiments were performed to explore the involvement of Wnt3a signaling in ASPM-mediated malignancy in RCC. Our findings indicate that ASPM is upregulated in RCC samples, and its levels are associated with the long-term survival of RCC patients. ASPM promotes the migration, proliferation, and invasiveness of RCC cells, and the Wnt3a pathway may be implicated in this process. In conclusion, these results indicate that ASPM contributes to the cancer progression of RCC by targeting the Wnt3a signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijun Cao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 215000, Suzhou, China
- Department of Urology, Suzhou Ninth People's Hospital, Soochow University, 215000, China
| | - Yu Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 215000, Suzhou, China
| | - Chen Xu
- Department of Urology, Suzhou Ninth People's Hospital, Soochow University, 215000, China
| | - Zhiyu Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 215000, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhenfan Wang
- Department of Urology, Suzhou Ninth People's Hospital, Soochow University, 215000, China
| | - Zheng Ma
- Department of Urology, Suzhou Ninth People's Hospital, Soochow University, 215000, China
| | - Pengwei Xu
- Department of Urology, Suzhou Ninth People's Hospital, Soochow University, 215000, China
| | - Xiaofei Sun
- Department of Urology, Suzhou Ninth People's Hospital, Soochow University, 215000, China
| | - Xuefeng He
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 215000, Suzhou, China
| | - Jianglei Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 215000, Suzhou, China
| | - Hao Jiang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 215000, Suzhou, China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 215000, Suzhou, China
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Tsai KK, Bae BI, Hsu CC, Cheng LH, Shaked Y. Oncogenic ASPM Is a Regulatory Hub of Developmental and Stemness Signaling in Cancers. Cancer Res 2023; 83:2993-3000. [PMID: 37384617 PMCID: PMC10502471 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-23-0158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Despite recent advances in molecularly targeted therapies and immunotherapies, the effective treatment of advanced-stage cancers remains a largely unmet clinical need. Identifying driver mechanisms of cancer aggressiveness can lay the groundwork for the development of breakthrough therapeutic strategies. Assembly factor for spindle microtubules (ASPM) was initially identified as a centrosomal protein that regulates neurogenesis and brain size. Mounting evidence has demonstrated the pleiotropic roles of ASPM in mitosis, cell-cycle progression, and DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) repair. Recently, the exon 18-preserved isoform 1 of ASPM has emerged as a critical regulator of cancer stemness and aggressiveness in various malignant tumor types. Here, we describe the domain compositions of ASPM and its transcript variants and overview their expression patterns and prognostic significance in cancers. A summary is provided of recent progress in the molecular elucidation of ASPM as a regulatory hub of development- and stemness-associated signaling pathways, such as the Wnt, Hedgehog, and Notch pathways, and of DNA DSB repair in cancer cells. The review emphasizes the potential utility of ASPM as a cancer-agnostic and pathway-informed prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelvin K. Tsai
- Laboratory of Advanced Molecular Therapeutics, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Byoung-Il Bae
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut
| | - Chung-Chi Hsu
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Li-Hsin Cheng
- Laboratory of Advanced Molecular Therapeutics, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yuval Shaked
- Department of Cell Biology and Cancer Science, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
- Technion Integrated Cancer Center, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
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5
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Wu X, Li Z, Wang ZQ, Xu X. The neurological and non-neurological roles of the primary microcephaly-associated protein ASPM. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1242448. [PMID: 37599996 PMCID: PMC10436222 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1242448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary microcephaly (MCPH), is a neurological disorder characterized by small brain size that results in numerous developmental problems, including intellectual disability, motor and speech delays, and seizures. Hitherto, over 30 MCPH causing genes (MCPHs) have been identified. Among these MCPHs, MCPH5, which encodes abnormal spindle-like microcephaly-associated protein (ASPM), is the most frequently mutated gene. ASPM regulates mitotic events, cell proliferation, replication stress response, DNA repair, and tumorigenesis. Moreover, using a data mining approach, we have confirmed that high levels of expression of ASPM correlate with poor prognosis in several types of tumors. Here, we summarize the neurological and non-neurological functions of ASPM and provide insight into its implications for the diagnosis and treatment of MCPH and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingxuan Wu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability and Disease Prevention and Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen University-Friedrich Schiller Universität Jena Joint PhD Program in Biomedical Sciences, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Laboratory of Genome Stability, Leibniz Institute on Aging-Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Zheng Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability and Disease Prevention and Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhao-Qi Wang
- Shenzhen University-Friedrich Schiller Universität Jena Joint PhD Program in Biomedical Sciences, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Laboratory of Genome Stability, Leibniz Institute on Aging-Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Xingzhi Xu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability and Disease Prevention and Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen University-Friedrich Schiller Universität Jena Joint PhD Program in Biomedical Sciences, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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6
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Cheng LH, Hsu CC, Tsai HW, Liao WY, Yang PM, Liao TY, Hsieh HY, Chan TS, Tsai KK. ASPM Activates Hedgehog and Wnt Signaling to Promote Small Cell Lung Cancer Stemness and Progression. Cancer Res 2023; 83:830-844. [PMID: 36638332 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-22-2496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is among the most aggressive and lethal human malignancies. Most patients with SCLC who initially respond to chemotherapy develop disease relapse. Therefore, there is a pressing need to identify novel driver mechanisms of SCLC progression to unlock treatment strategies to improve patient prognosis. SCLC cells comprise subsets of cells possessing progenitor or stem cell properties, while the underlying regulatory pathways remain elusive. Here, we identified the isoform 1 of the neurogenesis-associated protein ASPM (ASPM-I1) as a prominently upregulated stemness-associated gene during the self-renewal of SCLC cells. The expression of ASPM-I1 was found to be upregulated in SCLC cells and tissues, correlated with poor patient prognosis, and indispensable for SCLC stemness and tumorigenesis. A reporter array screening identified multiple developmental signaling pathways, including Hedgehog (Hh) and Wnt pathways, whose activity in SCLC cells depended upon ASPM-I1 expression. Mechanistically, ASPM-I1 stabilized the Hh transcriptional factor GLI1 at the protein level through a unique exon-18-encoded region by competing with the E3 ligases β-TrCP and CUL3. In parallel, ASPM-I1 sustains the transcription of the Hh pathway transmembrane regulator SMO through the Wnt-DVL3-β-catenin signaling axis. Functional studies verified that the ASPM-I1-regulated Hh and Wnt activities significantly contributed to SCLC aggressiveness in vivo. Consistently, the expression of ASPM-I1 positively correlated with GLI1 and stemness markers in SCLC tissues. This study illuminates an ASPM-I1-mediated regulatory module that drives tumor stemness and progression in SCLC, providing an exploitable diagnostic and therapeutic target. SIGNIFICANCE ASPM promotes SCLC stemness and aggressiveness by stabilizing the expression of GLI1, DVL3, and SMO, representing a novel regulatory hub of Hh and Wnt signaling and targetable vulnerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Hsin Cheng
- Laboratory of Advanced Molecular Therapeutics, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Chi Hsu
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Wen Tsai
- Department of Pathology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ying Liao
- Laboratory of Advanced Molecular Therapeutics, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ming Yang
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Yan Liao
- Laboratory of Advanced Molecular Therapeutics, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Yen Hsieh
- Laboratory of Advanced Molecular Therapeutics, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Tze-Sian Chan
- Laboratory of Advanced Molecular Therapeutics, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Kelvin K Tsai
- Laboratory of Advanced Molecular Therapeutics, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, Taiwan
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7
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Fang Q, Li Q, Qi Y, Pan Z, Feng T, Xin W. ASPM promotes migration and invasion of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma by stabilizing KIF11. Cell Biol Int 2023. [PMID: 36883909 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.12012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Abnormal spindle-like microcephaly-associated (ASPM) protein is crucial to the mitotic spindle function during cell replication and tumor progression in multiple tumor types. However, the effect of ASPM in anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) has not yet been understood. The present study is to elucidate the function of ASPM in the migration and invasion of ATC. ASPM expression is incrementally upregulated in ATC tissues and cell lines. Knockout (KO) of ASPM pronouncedly attenuates the migration and invasion of ATC cells. ASPM KO significantly reduces the transcript levels of Vimentin, N-cadherin, and Snail and increases E-cadherin and Occludin, thereby inhibiting epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Mechanistically, ASPM regulates the movement of ATC cells by inhibiting the ubiquitin degradation of KIF11 and thus stabilizing it via direct binding to it. Moreover, xenograft tumors in nude mice proved that KO of ASPM could ameliorate tumorigenesis and tumor growth accompanied by a decreased protein expression of KIF11 and an inhibition of EMT. In conclusion, ASPM is a potentially useful therapeutic target for ATC. Our results also reveal a novel mechanism by which ASPM inhibits the ubiquitin process in KIF11.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qilu Fang
- Department of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Head and Neck Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qinglin Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Head and Neck Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yajun Qi
- Department of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Head and Neck Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zongfu Pan
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tingting Feng
- Department of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Head and Neck Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenxiu Xin
- Department of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Head and Neck Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China.,Postgraduate Training Base of Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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8
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Alsolami M, Aboalola D, Malibari D, Alghamdi T, Alshekhi W, Jad H, Rumbold-Hall R, Altowairqi AS, Bell SM, Alsiary RA. The emerging role of MCPH1/BRIT1 in carcinogenesis. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1047588. [PMID: 36845691 PMCID: PMC9951231 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1047588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The MCPH1 gene, also known as BRCT-repeat inhibitor of hTERT expression (BRIT1), has three BRCA1 carboxyl-terminal domains which is an important regulator of DNA repair, cell cycle checkpoints and chromosome condensation. MCPH1/BRIT1 is also known as a tumour suppressor in different types of human cancer. The expression level of the MCPH1/BRIT1 gene is decreased at the DNA, RNA or protein level in a number of types of cancers including breast cancer, lung cancer, cervical cancer, prostate cancer and ovarian cancer compared to normal tissue. This review also showed that deregulation of MCPH1/BRIT1 is significantly associated with reduced overall survival in 57% (12/21) and relapsed free survival in 33% (7/21) of cancer types especially in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma and renal clear cell carcinoma. A common finding of this study is that the loss of MCPH1/BRIT1 gene expression plays a key role in promoting genome instability and mutations supporting its function as a tumour suppressor gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Alsolami
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard - Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Doaa Aboalola
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard - Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dolal Malibari
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard - Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tariq Alghamdi
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard - Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Walaa Alshekhi
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard - Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hind Jad
- Oncology Department, Princess Nourah Cancer Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard - Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rea Rumbold-Hall
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Leeds Institute of Medical Research (LIMR), St James’s University Hospital, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Ahlam S. Altowairqi
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Leeds Institute of Medical Research (LIMR), St James’s University Hospital, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Sandra M. Bell
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Leeds Institute of Medical Research (LIMR), St James’s University Hospital, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Rawiah Abdullah Alsiary
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard - Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia,*Correspondence: Rawiah Abdullah Alsiary,
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9
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Jin Z, Tao S, Zhang C, Xu D, Zhu Z. KIF20A promotes the development of fibrosarcoma via PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Exp Cell Res 2022; 420:113322. [PMID: 36037925 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2022.113322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Adult fibrosarcoma is an aggressive subtype of soft tissue sarcoma (STS), in which high expression of KIF20A indicates a poor prognosis. However, the precise role of KIF20A in fibrosarcoma progression remains unknown. In this study, we initially examined KIF20A expression and function in the human fibrosarcoma cell line HT-1080. The results showed that KIF20A was highly expressed in HT-1080, knockdown of KIF20A impaired cell proliferation, migration, invasion and induced G2/M arrest and cell apoptosis. Transcriptome study suggested that PI3K-Akt signal pathway was involved in these biological changes. We confirmed that PI3K-Akt and NF-κB signaling pathways were impaired after the down-regulation of KIF20A, which can be reversed by the Akt activator SC79 in HT-1080 in vitro. In a xenograft mouse model, knockdown of KIF20A inhibited tumor growth, Ki67 expression and liver metastasis. Taken together, our results suggested that KIF20A promoted fibrosarcoma progression via PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and might be a potential therapeutic target for fibrosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Jin
- Department of Respirology & Allergy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University. Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Shuang Tao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Longgang Central Hospital of Shenzhen, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Damo Xu
- Department of Respirology & Allergy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University. Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China; State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease for Allergy at Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Zhenhua Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedic Trauma, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.
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10
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Wu Y, You Y, Chen L, Liu Y, Liu Y, Lou W, Fu F. Abnormal spindle-like microcephaly-associated protein promotes proliferation by regulating cell cycle in epithelial ovarian cancer. Gland Surg 2022; 11:687-701. [PMID: 35531115 PMCID: PMC9068545 DOI: 10.21037/gs-22-29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) ranks first for female gynecological tumor-related deaths. Due to the limited efficacy of traditional chemotherapy strategies, potential therapeutic targets are urgently needed. Previous studies have reported a relationship between abnormal spindle-like microcephaly-associated protein (ASPM) and ovarian cancer based on immunohistochemistry (IHC) and bioinformatics analysis. However, the potential role of ASPM in the proliferation of ovarian cancer cells and its molecular mechanism remain to be elucidated. Therefore, we aimed to further investigate the potential role of ASPM and its underlying mechanism in EOC using integrated online databases, clinical samples, and cell models. METHODS We used online databases (Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis, Cbioportal and Kaplan-Meier Plotter) to analyze differential ASPM expression in ovarian carcinoma and explore its prognostic value in ovarian cancer (OvCa) patients. Immunohistochemistry staining based on a clinical tissue microarray (TMA) comprised 75 cases of EOC tissue and 5 cases of adjacent normal ovary tissue was used to detect the ASPM expression and analyze the relationship between ASPM expression and EOC characteristics. Various cell function experiments related to tumorigenesis were performed including the CCK8 assay, 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU), colony formation assay and Transwell assay in EOC cell models (A2780 and OVCAR3) with knocked down ASPM by small interfering RNA (siRNA) to observe its role. Finally, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment was conducted to determine the signaling pathways in which ASPM was involved in the pathogenesis of ovarian cancer. Analysis of cell cycle distribution using flow cytometry was further performed to verify the pathways. RESULTS The expression profile based on data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database confirmed ASPM expression in EOC was higher compared with normal tissue, and further analysis suggested that higher expression was correlated with worse patient prognosis. Immunohistochemical analysis further indicated that ASPM was highly expressed in OvCa tissues and associated with a higher pathological stage, grade, and positive lymphatic metastasis. Cell models with knocked down ASPM by small interfering RNA (siRNA) significantly inhibited proliferation and migration. KEGG pathway enrichment and cell cycle analysis showed that ASPM silencing could inhibit ovarian cancer cell proliferation via synthesis (S) phase arrest. CONCLUSIONS Our study confirmed that ASPM promoted proliferation and caused S phase arrest in EOC cells. ASPM may become a potential molecular marker for early screening and a valuable therapeutic target in EOC. KEYWORDS Abnormal spindle-like microcephaly-associated protein (ASPM); epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC); prognosis; proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiguo Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yujuan You
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ling Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Queen Mary School, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yujuan Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Weiming Lou
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Fen Fu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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11
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Feng Z, Zhang J, Zheng Y, Liu J, Duan T, Tian T. Overexpression of abnormal spindle-like microcephaly-associated (ASPM) increases tumor aggressiveness and predicts poor outcome in patients with lung adenocarcinoma. Transl Cancer Res 2022; 10:983-997. [PMID: 35116426 PMCID: PMC8798794 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-20-2570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Cumulative evidence points to abnormal spindle-like microcephaly-associated (ASPM) protein being overexpressed in various cancers, and the aberrant expression of ASPM has been shown to promote cancer tumorigenicity and progression. However, its role and clinical significance in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains unclear. This study aimed to determine the expression patterns of ASPM and its clinical significance in LUAD. Methods In total, 4 original worldwide LUAD microarray mRNA expression datasets (N=1,116) with clinical and follow-up annotations were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. The expression of ASPM protein in LUAD patients was detected by immunohistochemistry. Survival analysis and Cox regression analysis were used to examine the prognostic value of ASPM expression. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was performed to investigate the relationship between ASPM and LUAD. Results Dataset analyses and immunohistochemistry revealed that ASPM expression was significantly higher in the LUAD tissues compared with normal lung tissues, especially in the advanced tumor stage. Additionally, overexpression of ASPM was significantly correlated with shorter overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS) in LUAD. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses revealed that the overexpression of ASPM was a potential independent predictor of poor OS and RFS. However, ASPM overexpression was not significantly associated with predicting OS in lung squamous cell carcinoma. GSEA analysis demonstrated that ASPM was significantly enriched in the cell cycle, DNA replication, homologous recombination, RNA degradation, mismatch repair, and p53 signaling pathways. Conclusions These findings demonstrate the important role of ASPM in the tumorigenesis and progression of LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenxing Feng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin Cardiovascular Disease Research Institute, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiao Zhang
- The First Department of Breast Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China
| | - Yafang Zheng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin Cardiovascular Disease Research Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Jianchao Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin Cardiovascular Disease Research Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Tianyu Duan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin Cardiovascular Disease Research Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Tieshuan Tian
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin Cardiovascular Disease Research Institute, Tianjin, China
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12
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Sial N, Rehman J, Saeed S, Ahmad M, Hameed Y, Atif M, Rehman A, Asif R, Ahmed H, Hussain M, Khan M, Ambreen A, Ambreen A. Integrative analysis reveals methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase 1-like as an independent shared diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in five different human cancers. Biosci Rep 2022; 42:BSR20211783. [PMID: 34908119 PMCID: PMC8738869 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20211783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Defects in methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase 1-like (MTHFD1L) expression have earlier been examined in only a few human cancers. OBJECTIVES Multi-omics profiling of MTHFD1L as a shared biomarker in distinct subtypes of human cancers. METHODS In the current study, for the multi-omics analysis of MTHFD1L in 24 major subtypes of human cancers, a comprehensive in silico approach was adopted to mine different open access online databases including UALCAN, Kaplan-Meier (KM) plotter, LOGpc, GEPIA, Human Protein Atlas (HPA), Gene Expression across Normal and Tumor tissue (GENT2), MEXPRESS, cBioportal, STRING, DAVID, TIMER, and Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD). RESULTS We noticed that the expression of MTHFD1L was significantly higher in all the analyzed 24 subtypes of human cancers as compared with the normal controls. Moreover, MTHDF1L overexpression was also found to be significantly associated with the reduced overall survival (OS) duration of Bladder urothelial cancer (BLCA), Head and neck cancer (HNSC), Kidney renal papillary cell carcinoma (KIRP), Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), and Uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma (UCEC). This implies that MTHFD1L plays a significant role in the development and progression of these cancers. We further noticed that MTHFD1L was also overexpressed in BLCA, HNSC, KIRP, LUAD, and UCEC patients of different clinicopathological features. Pathways enrichment analysis revealed the involvement of MTHFD1L-associated genes in five diverse pathways. We also explored few interesting correlations between MTHFD1L expression and its promoter methylation, genetic alterations, CNVs, and between CD8+ T immune cells level. CONCLUSION In conclusion, our results elucidated that MTHFD1L can serve as a shared diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in BLCA, HNSC, KIRP, LUAD, and UCEC patients of different clinicopathological features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuzhat Sial
- Department of Zoology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Jalil Ur Rehman
- Department of Eastern Medicine, Qarshi University, Lahore, Pakistan
- University College of Conventional Medicine, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Saba Saeed
- Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mukhtiar Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Yasir Hameed
- Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Atif
- University College of Conventional Medicine, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Rehman
- Department of Eastern Medicine, Qarshi University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Rizwan Asif
- Department of Microbiology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Hamad Ahmed
- Department of Eastern Medicine, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Safdar Hussain
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Rashid Khan
- University College of Eastern Medicine, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Atifa Ambreen
- Allied Department, The Sahara College, Narowal, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Ambreen
- Allied Department, The Sahara College, Narowal, Pakistan
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13
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Jiang L, Zhang S, An N, Chai G, Ye C. ASPM Promotes the Progression of Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinomas by Regulating the Wnt/ β-Catenin Signaling Pathway. Int J Endocrinol 2022; 2022:5316102. [PMID: 35387319 PMCID: PMC8977346 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5316102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormal spindle-like microcephaly-associated protein (ASPM) is closely correlated with several malignant tumors, whereas little is known about the role of ASPM in anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC). Herein, we sought to investigate whether ASPM is involved in the pathogenesis of ATC and the underlying mechanisms. METHODS The data from two data sets (GSE76039 and GSE33630) were extracted and analyzed for the expression of ASPM, followed by a further validation in collected ATC patients using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blotting. The effect of ASPM on cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and cell cycle was explored in ATC cell lines by in vitro inhibition of ASPM, while ASPM-mediated tumorigenicity was investigated in a xenograft tumor model. The involvement of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway was also investigated. RESULTS ASPM was overexpressed in ATC patients and cell lines. In vitro knockdown of ASPM inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion capabilities of ATC cells and induced cell cycle arrest. Wnt/β-catenin signaling was suppressed in response to ASPM inhibition, while rescue of β-catenin expression restored the impaired biological functions of ATC cells. In vivo transplantation of ASPM-knockdown cells inhibited the growth of tumors. CONCLUSIONS Upregulation of ASPM promotes the malignant properties of ATC cells and contributes to tumorigenesis through the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Jiang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ning An
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Guoqing Chai
- Department of General Surgery, The Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Jiangxia District, Wuhan, China
| | - Changhong Ye
- Department of Gynecology, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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14
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Wu B, Hu C, Kong L. ASPM combined with KIF11 promotes the malignant progression of hepatocellular carcinoma via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:1154. [PMID: 34504599 PMCID: PMC8393588 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate the molecular mechanism of assembly factor for spindle microtubules (ASPM) in the regulation of the malignant progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), bioinformatics analysis was utilized to analyze the role of ASPM in the malignant progression of HCC and its potential interaction with the kinesin family member 11 (KIF11) gene. The expression levels of ASPM and KIF11 were detected by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blotting. Following knockdown of ASPM expression, Cell Counting Kit-8/colony formation assays were performed to detect cell viability and proliferation. Wound healing and Transwell assays were employed to detect cell migration and invasion. Additionally, a co-immunoprecipitation (CO-IP) assay was used to detect whether there was an interaction between ASPM and KIF11. KIF11 overexpression was performed to verify if ASPM exerted its effects via KIF11. ASPM was highly expressed in HCC tissues and cells, and was closely associated with a poor prognosis of patients with HCC. Interference with ASPM expression markedly inhibited the viability, proliferation, invasion and migration of HCC cells. Using a CO-IP assay, it was revealed that there was an interaction between ASPM and KIF11. Rescue experiments subsequently revealed the regulatory effects of ASPM on the activity, proliferation, invasion and migration of HCC cells via KIF11. Finally, western blot analysis demonstrated that ASPM in combination with KIF11 promoted the malignant progression of HCC by regulating the activity of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Therefore, the present study demonstrated that ASPM may interact with KIF11 in HCC cells to promote the malignant progression of HCC via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Hospital Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, P.R. China
| | - Chunyang Hu
- Department of Hepatological Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Lianbao Kong
- Department of Hepatological Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
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15
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Zhang H, Yang X, Zhu L, Li Z, Zuo P, Wang P, Feng J, Mi Y, Zhang C, Xu Y, Jin G, Zhang J, Ye H. ASPM promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression by activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling through antagonizing autophagy-mediated Dvl2 degradation. FEBS Open Bio 2021; 11:2784-2799. [PMID: 34428354 PMCID: PMC8487047 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most fatal cancers worldwide. In this article, we show that expression of abnormal spindle‐like microcephaly‐associated protein (ASPM) is up‐regulated in liver cancer samples, and this up‐regulation is significantly associated with tumor aggressiveness and reduced survival times of patients. Down‐regulation of ASPM expression inhibits the proliferation, invasion, migration and epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition of HCC cells in vitro and inhibits tumor formation in nude mice. ASPM interacts with disheveled‐2 (Dvl2) and antagonizes autophagy‐mediated Dvl2 degradation by weakening the functional interaction between Dvl2 and the lipidated form of microtubule‐associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3A (LC3II), thereby increasing Dvl2 protein abundance and leading to Wnt/β‐catenin signaling activation in HCC cells. Thus, our results define ASPM as a novel oncoprotein in HCC and indicate that disruption of the Wnt–ASPM–Dvl2–β‐catenin signaling axis might have potential clinical value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifeng Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, China
| | - Xiaobei Yang
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, China
| | - Lili Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, China
| | - Zhihui Li
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, China
| | - Peipei Zuo
- Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, China
| | - Jingyu Feng
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, China
| | - Yang Mi
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, China
| | - Chengjuan Zhang
- Center of Repository, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, China
| | - Ge Jin
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, China
| | | | - Hua Ye
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, China
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16
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Pariyar M, Johns A, Thorne RF, Scott RJ, Avery-Kiejda KA. Copy number variation in triple negative breast cancer samples associated with lymph node metastasis. Neoplasia 2021; 23:743-753. [PMID: 34225099 PMCID: PMC8259224 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2021.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly metastatic and aggressive subtype of breast cancer and cases presenting with lymph node involvement have worse outcomes. This study aimed to determine the regions of copy number variation (CNV) associated with lymph node metastasis in TNBC patients. CNV analyses were performed in a study cohort of 23 invasive ductal carcinomas (IDCs), 12 lymph node metastases (LNmets), and 7 normal adjacent tissues (NATs); as well as in an independent cohort containing 70 TNBC IDCs and the same 7 NATs. CNV-associated genes were analyzed using GO-enrichment and Pathway analysis. The prognostic role for genes showing CNV-based changes in messenger RNA expression was determined using the Kaplan-Meier plotter database. For the IDCs, there were a number of variations that were common in both the study and independent cohorts in the amplified regions of 1q, 8q, 19 (p and q), 2p, 5p and the deleted regions in 8p followed by 5q, and 19p. The most frequently amplified regions in the LNmets of the study cohort were 4q28.3, 2p, 3q24, 1q21.2, 10p, 12p11.1, 8q, 20p11.22-20p11.21, 21q22.13, 6p22.1 and the most frequently deleted regions were in 1p36.23, 4q21.1 and 5q. A total of 686 (441 amplified and 245 deleted) genes were associated with LNmets. The LNmet-associated genes were highly enriched for “regulation of complement activation,” “regulation of protein activation cascade,” “regulation of humoral immune response,” “oxytocin signalling pathway,” and “TRAIL binding” pathways. Moreover, 6/686 LNmet-associated genes showed CNV-based changes in their mRNA expression of which, high expression of ASPM and KIF14 was significantly associated with worse relapse-free survival. This study has identified several CNV regions in TNBC that could play a major role in metastasis to the lymph node.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamta Pariyar
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia; Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Andrea Johns
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia; Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Rick F Thorne
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia; Translational Research Institute, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Rodney J Scott
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia; Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia; NSW Health Pathology, John Hunter Hospital, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Kelly A Avery-Kiejda
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia; Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.
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17
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Xu S, Wu X, Wang P, Cao SL, Peng B, Xu X. ASPM promotes homologous recombination-mediated DNA repair by safeguarding BRCA1 stability. iScience 2021; 24:102534. [PMID: 34142045 PMCID: PMC8184511 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair by homologous recombination (HR) is essential for ensuring genome stability. Abnormal spindle-like microcephaly-associated (ASPM) gene encodes a spindle protein that is commonly implicated in primary microcephaly. We found that ASPM is recruited to sites of DNA damage in a PARP2-dependent manner. ASPM interacts with BRCA1 and its E3 ligase HERC2, preventing HERC2 from accessing to BRCA1 and ensuring BRCA1 stability. Inhibition of ASPM expression promotes HERC2-mediated BRCA1 degradation, compromises HR repair efficiency and chromosome stability, and sensitizes cancer cells to ionizing radiation. Moreover, we observed a synergistic effect between ASPM and PARP inhibition in killing cancer cells. This research has uncovered a novel function for ASPM in facilitating HR-mediated repair of DSBs by ensuring BRCA1 stability. ASPM might constitute a promising target for synthetic lethality-based cancer therapy. ASPM is recruited to sites of DNA damage in a PARP2-dependent manner. ASPM promotes DSB-end resection to facilitate HR repair. ASPM prevents HERC2 from accessing to BRCA1 and ensuring BRCA1 stability. Inhibition of ASPM sensitizes cancer cells to ionizing radiation and PARP inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shibin Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China.,Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention and Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Xingxuan Wu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention and Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China.,Shenzhen University-Friedrich Schiller Universität Jena Joint PhD Program in Biomedical Sciences, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Peipei Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention and Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China.,International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Sheng-Li Cao
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Bin Peng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention and Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China.,Shenzhen University-Friedrich Schiller Universität Jena Joint PhD Program in Biomedical Sciences, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China.,International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Xingzhi Xu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention and Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China.,Shenzhen University-Friedrich Schiller Universität Jena Joint PhD Program in Biomedical Sciences, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China.,International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
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Hsu CC, Liao WY, Chang KY, Chan TS, Huang PJ, Chiang CT, Shan YS, Cheng LH, Liao TY, Tsai KK. A multi-mode Wnt- and stemness-regulatory module dictated by FOXM1 and ASPM isoform I in gastric cancer. Gastric Cancer 2021; 24:624-639. [PMID: 33515163 DOI: 10.1007/s10120-020-01154-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer (GC) is the third leading cause of cancer mortality globally and a molecularly heterogeneous disease. Identifying the driver pathways in GC progression is crucial to improving the clinical outcome. Recent studies identified ASPM (abnormal spindle-like microcephaly-associated) and FOXM1 (Forkhead box protein M1) as novel Wnt and cancer stem cell (CSC) regulators; their pathogenetic roles and potential crosstalks in GC remain unclarified. METHODS The expression patterns of ASPM isoforms and FOXM1 were profiled in normal gastric epithelial and GC tissues. The functional roles of ASPM and FOXM1 in Wnt activity, cancer stemness and GC progression, and the underlying signaling processes were investigated. RESULTS Approximately one third of GC cells upregulate the expression of ASPM isoform I (ASPMiI) in their cytoplasm; the tumors with a high ASPMiI positive score (≥ 10%) are associated with a poor prognosis of the patients. Mechanistically, the molecular interplay among FOXM1, ASPMiI and DVL3 was found to converge on β-catenin to control the Wnt activity and the stemness property of GC cells. This multi-mode Wnt-regulatory module serves to reinforce Wnt signals in CSCs by transcriptional regulation (FOXM1-ASPM), protein-protein interactions (ASPMiI-DVL3-β-catenin), and nuclear translocation (FOXM1-β-catenin). CONCLUSIONS This study illuminates a novel Wnt- and stemness-regulatory mechanism in GC cells and identifies a novel subset of FOXM1highASPMiIhigh GC with potential to guide Wnt- and stemness-related diagnostics and therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Chi Hsu
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City, 824410, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ying Liao
- Laboratory of Advanced Molecular Therapeutics, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing St., Xinyi Dist., Taipei City, 110301, Taiwan
| | - Kwang-Yu Chang
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes (NHRIs), Tainan City, 704016, Taiwan
| | - Tze-Sian Chan
- Laboratory of Advanced Molecular Therapeutics, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing St., Xinyi Dist., Taipei City, 110301, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, 110301, Taiwan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, 110301, Taiwan
- Integrative Therapy Center for Gastroenterological Cancers, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, 110301, Taiwan
| | - Po-Jui Huang
- Laboratory of Advanced Molecular Therapeutics, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing St., Xinyi Dist., Taipei City, 110301, Taiwan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, 110301, Taiwan
- Integrative Therapy Center for Gastroenterological Cancers, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, 110301, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Ting Chiang
- Department of Pathology, National Cheng-Kung University Hospital, Tainan City, 704302, Taiwan
| | - Yan-Shen Shan
- Department of Surgery, National Cheng-Kung University Hospital, Tainan City, 704302, Taiwan
| | - Lin-Hsin Cheng
- Laboratory of Advanced Molecular Therapeutics, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing St., Xinyi Dist., Taipei City, 110301, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Yan Liao
- Laboratory of Advanced Molecular Therapeutics, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing St., Xinyi Dist., Taipei City, 110301, Taiwan
| | - Kelvin K Tsai
- Laboratory of Advanced Molecular Therapeutics, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing St., Xinyi Dist., Taipei City, 110301, Taiwan.
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes (NHRIs), Tainan City, 704016, Taiwan.
- Division of Gastroenterology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, 110301, Taiwan.
- Integrative Therapy Center for Gastroenterological Cancers, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, 110301, Taiwan.
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, 110301, Taiwan.
- TMU and Affiliated Hospitals Pancreatic Cancer Group, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, 110301, Taiwan.
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19
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Hao W, Zhao H, Li Z, Li J, Guo J, Chen Q, Gao Y, Ren M, Zhao X, Yue W. Identification of potential markers for differentiating epithelial ovarian cancer from ovarian low malignant potential tumors through integrated bioinformatics analysis. J Ovarian Res 2021; 14:46. [PMID: 33726773 PMCID: PMC7968266 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-021-00794-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), as a lethal malignancy in women, is often diagnosed as advanced stages. In contrast, intermediating between benign and malignant tumors, ovarian low malignant potential (LMP) tumors show a good prognosis. However, the differential diagnosis of the two diseases is not ideal, resulting in delays or unnecessary therapies. Therefore, unveiling the molecular differences between LMP and EOC may contribute to differential diagnosis and novel therapeutic and preventive policies development for EOC. Methods In this study, three microarray data (GSE9899, GSE57477 and GSE27651) were used to explore the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between LMP and EOC samples. Then, 5 genes were screened by protein–protein interaction (PPI) network, receiver operating characteristic (ROC), survival and Pearson correlation analysis. Meanwhile, chemical-core gene network construction was performed to identify the potential drugs or risk factors for EOC based on 5 core genes. Finally, we also identified the potential function of the 5 genes for EOC through pathway analysis. Results Two hundred thirty-four DEGs were successfully screened, including 81 up-regulated genes and 153 down-regulated genes. Then, 5 core genes (CCNB1, KIF20A, ASPM, AURKA, and KIF23) were identified through PPI network analysis, ROC analysis, survival and Pearson correlation analysis, which show better diagnostic efficiency and higher prognostic value for EOC. Furthermore, NetworkAnalyst was used to identify top 15 chemicals that link with the 5 core genes. Among them, 11 chemicals were potential drugs and 4 chemicals were risk factors for EOC. Finally, we found that all 5 core genes mainly regulate EOC development via the cell cycle pathway by the bioinformatic analysis. Conclusion Based on an integrated bioinformatic analysis, we identified potential biomarkers, risk factors and drugs for EOC, which may help to provide new ideas for EOC diagnosis, condition appraisal, prevention and treatment in future. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13048-021-00794-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wende Hao
- Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100026, China
| | - Hongyu Zhao
- Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100026, China
| | - Zhefeng Li
- Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100026, China
| | - Jie Li
- Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100026, China
| | - Jiahao Guo
- Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100026, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100026, China
| | - Yan Gao
- Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100026, China
| | - Meng Ren
- Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100026, China
| | - Xiaoting Zhao
- Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100026, China.
| | - Wentao Yue
- Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100026, China.
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20
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Liao WY, Hsu CC, Chan TS, Yen CJ, Chen WY, Pan HW, Tsai KK. Dishevelled 1-Regulated Superpotent Cancer Stem Cells Mediate Wnt Heterogeneity and Tumor Progression in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Stem Cell Reports 2021; 14:462-477. [PMID: 32160521 PMCID: PMC7066362 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2020.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Various populations of cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been identified in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Wnt signaling is variably activated in HCC and regulates CSCs and tumorigenesis. We explored cell-to-cell Wnt and stemness heterogeneity in HCC by labeling freshly isolated cancer cells with a Wnt-specific reporter, thereby identifying a small subset (0.4%–8.9%) of Wnt-activityhigh cells. Further cellular subset analysis identified a refined subset of Wnt-activityhighALDH1+EpCAM+ triple-positive (TP) cells as the most stem-like, phenotypically plastic, and tumorigenic among all putative CSC populations. These TP “superpotent CSCs” (spCSCs) specifically upregulate the expression of dishevelled 1 (DVL1) through the antagonism between abnormal spindle-like microcephaly-associated (ASPM) and the ubiquitin ligase complex Cullin-3/KLHL-12. Subsequent functional and molecular studies revealed the role of DVL1 in controlling spCSCs and their tumorigenic potential. These findings provide the mechanistic basis of the Wnt and stemness heterogeneity in HCC and highlight the important role of DVL1high spCSCs in tumor progression. Wnt activity displays a high degree of intratumoral heterogeneity in HCC Wnt-activityhighALDH1+EPCAM+ cells are identified as superpotent CSCs in HCC The proportion of superpotent CSCs correlates with poor patient prognosis in HCC Superpotent CSCs are regulated by the Wnt-ASPM-DVL1 signaling axis
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Ying Liao
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing St., Xinyi, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; Laboratory of Advanced Molecular Therapeutics, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Chi Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing St., Xinyi, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City 84001, Taiwan
| | - Tze-Sian Chan
- Laboratory of Advanced Molecular Therapeutics, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; Integrative Therapy Center for Gastroenterologic Cancers, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Jui Yen
- Division of Hemato-oncology, Department of Medicine, National Cheng-Kung University Hospital, Tainan 70403, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Yu Chen
- Department of Pathology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Wei Pan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City 84001, Taiwan
| | - Kelvin K Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing St., Xinyi, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; Laboratory of Advanced Molecular Therapeutics, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; Integrative Therapy Center for Gastroenterologic Cancers, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes (NHRIs), Zhunan 35053, Taiwan.
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21
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Wu J, He Z, Zhu Y, Jiang C, Deng Y, Wei B. ASPM Predicts Poor Clinical Outcome and Promotes Tumorigenesis for Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2021; 21:80-89. [PMID: 32933462 DOI: 10.2174/1568009620666200915090703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormal spindle-like microcephaly-associated protein (ASPM) has been implicated in the aggressive behavior of several malignant tumors. However, its potential effects on diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) still remain unknown. METHODS ASPM levels were determined by immunohistochemically in DLBCL tissues from 54 patients and 15 reactive lymphoid hyperplasia (RLH) tissues as control, and its association with clinical features and overall survival were evaluated. The effects of ASPM on cell growth, cell apoptosis and cell cycle of DLBCL cells were assessed. Bioinformatics, quantitative RT-PCR and western blotting were conducted for mechanic investigation. RESULTS ASPM expression was upregulated in DLBCL tissues compared with RLH tissues. Its high expression was correlated with inferior clinicopathological characteristics and poor outcomes of DLBCL patients. Multivariate analysis revealed that high ASPM expression emerged as an independent factor for poor prognosis. In DLBCL cell lines, silencing of ASPM suppressed cell growth, induced cell apoptosis and arrested the cell cycle. Mechanically, effects of ASPM knockdown on DLBCL cells were partially dependent on its block of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. CONCLUSION Collectively, our results suggested that ASPM potentially served as a predictive biomarker of DLCBL tumorigenesis and prognosis, representing a potential therapeutic target for DLCBL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Wu
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an 223300, China
| | - Zhengmei He
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an 223300, China
| | - Yaning Zhu
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an 223300, China
| | - Chao Jiang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an 223300, China
| | - Yuan Deng
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an 223300, China
| | - Bin Wei
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an 223300, China
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22
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Cabral de Carvalho Corrêa D, Dias Oliveira I, Mascaro Cordeiro B, Silva FA, de Seixas Alves MT, Saba-Silva N, Capellano AM, Dastoli P, Cavalheiro S, Caminada de Toledo SR. Abnormal spindle-like microcephaly-associated (ASPM) gene expression in posterior fossa brain tumors of childhood and adolescence. Childs Nerv Syst 2021; 37:137-145. [PMID: 32591873 DOI: 10.1007/s00381-020-04740-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE In neurogenesis, ASPM (abnormal spindle-like microcephaly-associated) gene is expressed mainly in the ventricular zone of posterior fossa and is the major determinant in the cerebral cortex. Besides its role in embryonic development, ASPM overexpression promotes tumor growth, including central nervous system (CNS) tumors. This study aims to investigate ASPM expression levels in most frequent posterior fossa brain tumors of childhood and adolescence: medulloblastoma (MB), ependymoma (EPN), and astrocytoma (AS), correlating them with clinicopathological characteristics and tumor solid portion size. METHODS Quantitative reverse transcription (qRT-PCR) is used to quantify ASPM mRNA levels in 80 pre-treatment tumor samples: 28 MB, 22 EPN, and 30 AS. The tumor solid portion size was determined by IOP-GRAACC Diagnostic Imaging Center. We correlated these findings with clinicopathological characteristics and tumor solid portion size. RESULTS Our results demonstrated that ASPM gene was overexpressed in MB (p = 0.007) and EPN (p = 0.0260) samples. ASPM high expression was significantly associated to MB samples from patients with worse overall survival (p = 0.0123) and death due to disease progression (p = 0.0039). Interestingly, two patients with AS progressed toward higher grade showed ASPM overexpression (p = 0.0046). No correlation was found between the tumor solid portion size and ASPM expression levels in MB (p = 0.1154 and r = - 0.4825) and EPN (p = 0.1108 and r = - 0.3495) samples. CONCLUSION Taking in account that ASPM gene has several functions to support cell proliferation, as mitotic defects and premature differentiation, we suggest that its overexpression, presumably, plays a critical role in disease progression of posterior fossa brain tumors of childhood and adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Débora Cabral de Carvalho Corrêa
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Oncology Institute-GRAACC, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Department of Morphology and Genetics, Division of Genetics, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Indhira Dias Oliveira
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Oncology Institute-GRAACC, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruna Mascaro Cordeiro
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Oncology Institute-GRAACC, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Frederico Adolfo Silva
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Oncology Institute-GRAACC, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Department of Imaging Diagnosis, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Teresa de Seixas Alves
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Oncology Institute-GRAACC, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Department of Pathology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Nasjla Saba-Silva
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Oncology Institute-GRAACC, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Andrea Maria Capellano
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Oncology Institute-GRAACC, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Dastoli
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Oncology Institute-GRAACC, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Sergio Cavalheiro
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Oncology Institute-GRAACC, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Department of Neurology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Silvia Regina Caminada de Toledo
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Oncology Institute-GRAACC, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. .,Department of Morphology and Genetics, Division of Genetics, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Tan JHJ, Kong SL, Tai JA, Poh HM, Yao F, Sia YY, Lim EKH, Takano AM, Tan DSW, Javed A, Hillmer AM. Experimental and bioinformatics considerations in cancer application of single cell genomics. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2020; 19:343-354. [PMID: 33489004 PMCID: PMC7788095 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2020.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Single cell genomics offers an unprecedented resolution to interrogate genetic heterogeneity in a patient's tumour at the intercellular level. However, the DNA yield per cell is insufficient for today's sequencing library preparation protocols. This necessitates DNA amplification which is a key source of experimental noise. We provide an evaluation of two protocols using micro-fluidics based amplification for whole exome sequencing, which is an experimental scenario commonly used in single cell genomics. The results highlight their respective biases and relative strengths in identification of single nucleotide variations. Towards this end, we introduce a workflow SoVaTSiC, which allows for quality evaluation and somatic variant identification of single cell data. As proof of concept, the framework was applied to study a lung adenocarcinoma tumour. The analysis provides insights into tumour phylogeny by identifying key mutational events in lung adenocarcinoma evolution. The consequence of this inference is supported by the histology of the tumour and demonstrates usefulness of the approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Hui Juan Tan
- Cancer Therapeutics and Stratified Oncology, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore 138672, Singapore
- Department of Biochemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Say Li Kong
- Cancer Therapeutics and Stratified Oncology, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore 138672, Singapore
| | - Joyce A. Tai
- Cancer Therapeutics and Stratified Oncology, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore 138672, Singapore
| | - Huay Mei Poh
- Cancer Therapeutics and Stratified Oncology, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore 138672, Singapore
| | - Fei Yao
- Genome Innovation Lab, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore 138672, Singapore
| | - Yee Yen Sia
- Cancer Therapeutics and Stratified Oncology, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore 138672, Singapore
| | - Edwin Kok Hao Lim
- Cancer Therapeutics and Stratified Oncology, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore 138672, Singapore
| | - Angela Maria Takano
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore 169610, Singapore
| | - Daniel Shao-Weng Tan
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore 169610, Singapore
| | - Asif Javed
- Cancer Therapeutics and Stratified Oncology, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore 138672, Singapore
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Axel M. Hillmer
- Cancer Therapeutics and Stratified Oncology, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore 138672, Singapore
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
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24
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Denu RA, Burkard ME. Analysis of the "centrosome-ome" identifies MCPH1 deletion as a cause of centrosome amplification in human cancer. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11921. [PMID: 32681070 PMCID: PMC7368085 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68629-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The centrosome is the microtubule organizing center of human cells and facilitates a myriad of cellular functions including organization of the mitotic spindle to ensure faithful chromosome segregation during mitosis, cell polarization and migration, and primary cilia formation. A numerical increase in centrosomes, or centrosome amplification (CA), is common in cancer and correlates with more aggressive clinical features and worse patient outcomes. However, the causes of CA in human cancer are unclear. Many previous studies have identified mechanisms of CA in cellulo, such as overexpression of PLK4, but it is unclear how often these are the primary mechanism in human disease. To identify a primary cause of CA, we analyzed The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) genomic and transcriptomic data for genes encoding the 367 proteins that localize to the centrosome (the "centrosome-ome"). We identified the following candidates for primary causes of CA: gain-of-function alterations of CEP19, CEP72, CTNNB1, PTK2, NDRG1, SPATC1, TBCCD1; and loss-of-function alterations of CEP76, MCPH1, NEURL4, and NPM1. In cellulo analysis of these candidates revealed that loss of MCPH1/microcephalin caused the most robust increase in centriole number. MCPH1 deep gene deletions are seen in 5-15% of human cancers, depending on the anatomic site of the tumor. Mechanistic experiments demonstrated that loss of MCPH1 caused a CDK2-dependent increase in STIL levels at the centrosome to drive CA. We conclude that loss of MCPH1 is common in human cancer and is likely to be a cause of CA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan A Denu
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 6059 WIMR, 1111 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Mark E Burkard
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 6059 WIMR, 1111 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI, 53705, USA.
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.
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25
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Wang J, He Z, Duan R. [Expression of ASPM in Lung Adenocarcinoma and Its Relationship with Development and Prognosis]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2020; 23:29-35. [PMID: 31948535 PMCID: PMC7007395 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2020.01.05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have shown that ASPM is a tumorigenesis associated protein, mutations in ASPM can lead to MCPH. This study mainly explores the relationship between the ASPM expression of lung adenocarcinoma and the development and prognosis of lung cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the expression of abnormal spindle-like microcephaly-associated protein (ASPM) in lung adenocarcinoma and the development and prognosis in lung cancer. METHODS A total of 90 cases of lung adenocarcinoma tissue specimens and 90 cases of benign pulmonary lesions were collected, the expression of ASPM was detected by immunohistochemical technique, and the expression of ASPM in 12 pairs of tissues was detected by real-time quantity polymerase chain reaction and western blot. RESULTS (1) The expression of ASPM in the tissue specimens of benign pulmonary lesions was negative while the expression level of ASPM in lung adenocarcinoma was significantly higher than lung tissue of benign pulmonary lesions (P<0.05). (2) The expression level of ASPM has no remarkable difference in lung adenocarcinoma with lymph node development and the lung cancer without lymph node development, there was no statistically significant (P<0.05). (3) The ASPM expression level in the tumor's size ≥4 cm was significantly higher than than of the size<4 cm (P<0.05). (4) Hierarchical analysis results show that T stage is related to ASPM expression level (P<0.05). (5) The high expression level of ASPM in lung adenocarcinoma was significantly positively correlated with the poor prognosis (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS (1) The expression level of ASPM in lung cancer is obviously increased and closely related to the progress of lung adenocarcinoma. (2) The expression level of ASPM in lung adenocarcinoma was significantly positively correlated with poor prognosis (P<0.05). (3) Detection of the expression level of ASPM in lung adenocarcinoma help to predict the prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma in advance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Wang
- Department of Oncology, Xinxiang Central Hospital, Xinxiang 453000, China
| | - Zhenyu He
- Department of Radiotherapy, Cancer Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Renhui Duan
- Department of Oncology, Xinxiang Central Hospital, Xinxiang 453000, China
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Liu J, Feng M, Li S, Nie S, Wang H, Wu S, Qiu J, Zhang J, Cheng W. Identification of molecular markers associated with the progression and prognosis of endometrial cancer: a bioinformatic study. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:59. [PMID: 32099532 PMCID: PMC7031962 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-1140-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Endometrial cancer (EC) is one kind of women cancers. Bioinformatic technology could screen out relative genes which made targeted therapy becoming conventionalized. Methods GSE17025 were downloaded from GEO. The genomic data and clinical data were obtained from TCGA. R software and bioconductor packages were used to identify the DEGs. Clusterprofiler was used for functional analysis. STRING was used to assess PPI information and plug-in MCODE to screen hub modules in Cytoscape. The selected genes were coped with functional analysis. CMap could find EC-related drugs that might have potential effect. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were performed to predict the risk of each patient. Kaplan–Meier curve analysis could compare the survival time. ROC curve analysis was performed to predict value of the genes. Mutation and survival analysis in TCGA database and UALCAN validation were completed. Immunohistochemistry staining from Human Protein Atlas database. GSEA, ROC curve analysis, Oncomine and qRT-PCR were also performed. Results Functional analysis showed that the upregulated DEGs were strikingly enriched in chemokine activity, and the down-regulated DEGs in glycosaminoglycan binding. PPI network suggested that NCAPG was the most relevant protein. CMap identified 10 small molecules as possible drugs to treat EC. Cox analysis showed that BCHE, MAL and ASPM were correlated with EC prognosis. TCGA dataset analysis showed significantly mutated BHCE positively related to EC prognosis. MAL and ASPM were further validated in UALCAN. All the results demonstrated that the two genes might promote EC progression. The profile of ASPM was confirmed by the results from immunohistochemistry. ROC curve demonstrated that the mRNA levels of two genes exhibited difference between normal and tumor tissues, indicating their diagnostic efficiency. qRT-PCR results supported the above results. Oncomine results showed that DNA copy number variation of MAL was significantly higher in different EC subtypes than in healthy tissues. GSEA suggested that the two genes played crucial roles in cell cycle. Conclusion BCHE, MAL and ASPM are tumor-related genes and can be used as potential biomarkers in EC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- JinHui Liu
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029 Jiangsu China
| | - Mingming Feng
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029 Jiangsu China
| | - SiYue Li
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029 Jiangsu China
| | - Sipei Nie
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029 Jiangsu China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029 Jiangsu China
| | - Shan Wu
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029 Jiangsu China
| | - Jiangnan Qiu
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029 Jiangsu China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029 Jiangsu China
| | - WenJun Cheng
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029 Jiangsu China
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Tian X, Wang N. Upregulation of ASPM, BUB1B and SPDL1 in tumor tissues predicts poor survival in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Oncol Lett 2020; 19:3307-3315. [PMID: 32218868 PMCID: PMC7068710 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains a major cause of cancer-associated mortality, with poor patient outcome. The present study aimed to identify key candidate genes and investigate the potential molecular mechanisms associated with the progression of PDAC. The GSE46234 dataset was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, in order to identify the upregulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in PDAC. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were performed to determine the biological functions and pathways of the upregulated DEGs, and a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was subsequently constructed to screen the hub genes. Subsequently, survival analyses of the hub genes were undertaken in patients with PDAC, using The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset. Reverse transcription-quantitative (RT-q)PCR analysis was performed to assess the mRNA expression levels of the hub genes associated with the prognosis of patients with PDAC. In the present study, 65 upregulated DEGs were identified. GO analysis suggested that the DEGs were enriched in response to hypoxia, calcium ion and negative regulation of catecholamine. KEGG analysis demonstrated that the DEGs were enriched in gastric acid secretion, the ECM-receptor interaction and the cGMP-PKG signaling pathway. Among the 18 hub genes determined by module screening of the PPI network, upregulation of three key genes, abnormal spindle-like microcephaly-associated protein (ASPM), mitotic checkpoint serine/threonine-protein kinase BUB1 β (BUB1B) and protein spindly (SPDL1), was significantly associated with worse overall survival and disease-free survival time in patients with PDAC. Furthermore, ASPM, BUB1B and SPDL1 were demonstrated to be associated with advanced tumor stage, and their upregulation in PDAC tumor tissues was validated using RT-qPCR analysis. Taken together, the results of the present study demonstrate that ASPM, BUB1B and SPDL1 may have the potential to function as prognostic markers and therapeutic targets for PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiong Tian
- Department of Public Research Platform, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Taizhou Enze Medical Center (Group), Linhai, Zhejiang 317000, P.R. China
| | - Na Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Taizhou Enze Medical Center (Group), Linhai, Zhejiang 317000, P.R. China
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Identification of common candidate genes and pathways for progression of ovarian, cervical and endometrial cancers. Meta Gene 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mgene.2019.100634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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Screening and Identification of Key Biomarkers for Bladder Cancer: A Study Based on TCGA and GEO Data. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:8283401. [PMID: 32047816 PMCID: PMC7003274 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8283401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BLCA) is a common malignant cancer, and it is the most common genitourinary cancer in the world. The recurrence rate is the highest of all cancers, and the treatment of BLCA has only slightly improved over the past 30 years. Genetic and environmental factors play an important role in the development and progression of BLCA. However, the mechanism of cancer development remains to be proven. Therefore, the identification of potential oncogenes is urgent for developing new therapeutic directions and designing novel biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of BLCA. Based on this need, we screened overlapping differentially expressed genes (DEG) from the GSE7476, GSE13507, and TCGA BLCA datasets. To identify the central genes from these DEGs, we performed a protein-protein interaction network analysis. To investigate the role of DEGs and the underlying mechanisms in BLCA, we performed Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Gene and Genomic Encyclopedia (KEGG) analysis; we identified the hub genes via different evaluation methods in cytoHubba and then selected the target genes by performing survival analysis. Finally, the relationship between these target genes and tumour immunity was analysed to explore the roles of these genes. In summary, our current studies indicate that both cell division cycle 20 (CDC20) and abnormal spindle microtubule assembly (ASPM) genes are potential prognostic biomarkers for BLCA. It may also be a potential immunotherapeutic target with future clinical significance.
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Chen X, Huang L, Yang Y, Chen S, Sun J, Ma C, Xie J, Song Y, Yang J. ASPM promotes glioblastoma growth by regulating G1 restriction point progression and Wnt-β-catenin signaling. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:224-241. [PMID: 31905171 PMCID: PMC6977704 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidence has indicated that the disorganized expression of certain genes promotes tumour progression. In this study, we elucidate the potential key differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between glioblastoma (GBM) and normal brain tissue by analysing three different mRNA expression profiles downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. DEGs were sorted, and key candidate genes and signalling pathway enrichments were analysed. In our analysis, the highest fold change DEG was found to be abnormal spindle-like microcephaly associated (ASPM). The ASPM expression pattern from the database showed that it is highly expressed in GBM tissue, and patients with high expression of ASPM have a poor prognosis. Moreover, ASPM showed aberrantly high expression in GBM cell lines. Loss-of-function assay indicated that ASPM enhances tumorigenesis in GBM cells in vitro. Xenograft growth verified the oncogenic activity of ASPM in vivo. Furthermore, downregulation of ASPM could arrest the cell cycle of GBM cells at the G0/G1 phase and attenuate the Wnt/β-catenin signalling activity in GBM. These data suggest that ASPM may serve as a new target for the therapeutic treatment of GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Lijie Huang
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, China
| | - Suhua Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jianjun Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Changcheng Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jingcheng Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yongmei Song
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
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Liu J, Zhou S, Li S, Jiang Y, Wan Y, Ma X, Cheng W. Eleven genes associated with progression and prognosis of endometrial cancer (EC) identified by comprehensive bioinformatics analysis. Cancer Cell Int 2019; 19:136. [PMID: 31139013 PMCID: PMC6528324 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-019-0859-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Endometrial cancer (EC) is one of the female malignant tumors. Endometrial cancer predominately affects post-menopausal women. Bioinformatics analysis has been widely applied to screen and analyze genes in linkage to various types of cancer progression. Methods Download the gene expression profile from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Calculate raw expression data according to pre-processing procedures. We performed the “limma” R language package to screen DEGs between Endometrial cancer tissue samples and normal uterus tissue samples. Enrichment of the functions and pathways was analyzed by using clusterprofiler. We utilized Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes Database (STRING) to assess protein–protein interaction (PPI) information, and then we used plug-in Molecular Complex Detection (MCODE) to screen hub modules of PPI network in Cytoscape. We also performed functional analysis on the genes in the hub module by using clusterprofiler. Next, we utilized the “WGCNA” package in R to establish co-expression network for the DEGs. The Venn diagram was performed to overlap the gene in key module and hub PPI cluster. We validated the key genes in TCGA, GEPIA, UALCAN and Immunohistochemistry staining obtained from The Human Protein Atlas database. And then we did ROC curve analysis by SPSS. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and mutation analysis were also performed for hub genes. Results Functional and pathway enrichment analysis demonstrated that the upregulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were significantly enriched in CXCR chemokine receptor binding, chemokine activity, chemokine receptor binding, G-protein coupled receptor binding, RAGE receptor binding, cytokine activity, microtubule binding, receptor regulator activity and microtubule motor activity, and the down-regulated genes were highly enriched in collagen binding. After using STRING software to construct PPI network, 30 prominent proteins were identified and the first two significant modules were selected. In co-expression network, 5 EC-related modules were identified. Among them, the turquoise module has the highest correlation with the EC. We further analyzed the genes in the PPI and turquoise module, and selected eleven key genes related to EC after validation of TCGA database, GEPIA, UALCAN and immunohistochemistry. Six of them had mutation significance. Conclusions In summary, these 11 genes may become new therapy targets for EC treatment. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12935-019-0859-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- JinHui Liu
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029 Jiangsu China
| | - ShuLin Zhou
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029 Jiangsu China
| | - SiYue Li
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029 Jiangsu China
| | - Yi Jiang
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029 Jiangsu China
| | - YiCong Wan
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029 Jiangsu China
| | - XiaoLing Ma
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029 Jiangsu China
| | - WenJun Cheng
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029 Jiangsu China
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Tang J, Lu M, Cui Q, Zhang D, Kong D, Liao X, Ren J, Gong Y, Wu G. Overexpression of ASPM, CDC20, and TTK Confer a Poorer Prognosis in Breast Cancer Identified by Gene Co-expression Network Analysis. Front Oncol 2019; 9:310. [PMID: 31106147 PMCID: PMC6492458 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most common malignancies among females, and its prognosis is affected by a complex network of gene interactions. In this study, we constructed free-scale gene co-expression networks using weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). The gene expression profiles of GSE25055 were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database to identify potential biomarkers associated with breast cancer progression. GSE42568 was downloaded for validation. A total of 9 modules were established via the average linkage hierarchical clustering. We identified 3 hub genes (ASPM, CDC20, and TTK) in the significant module (R 2 = 0.52), which were significantly correlated with poor prognosis both in test and validation datasets. In the datasets GSE25055 and GSE42568, higher expression levels of ASPM, CDC20, and TTK correlated with advanced tumor grades. Immunohistochemistry data from the Human Protein Atlas also demonstrated that their protein levels were higher in tumor samples. According to gene set enrichment analysis, 4 commonly enriched pathways were identified: cell cycle pathway, DNA replication pathway, homologous recombination pathway, and P53 signaling pathway. In addition, strong correlations were found among their expression levels. In conclusion, our WGCNA analysis identified candidate prognostic biomarkers for further basic and clinical researches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianing Tang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengxin Lu
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiuxia Cui
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Deguang Kong
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xing Liao
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiangbo Ren
- Department of Biological Repositories, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Gong
- Department of Biological Repositories, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Gaosong Wu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Xu Z, Zhang Q, Luh F, Jin B, Liu X. Overexpression of the ASPM gene is associated with aggressiveness and poor outcome in bladder cancer. Oncol Lett 2018; 17:1865-1876. [PMID: 30675249 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Abnormal spindle-like microcephaly-associated (ASPM) protein is essential for mitotic spindle function during cell replication. The present study aimed to evaluate the hypothesis that ASPM serves a critical role in cancer invasiveness and may act as a prognostic biomarker in bladder cancer. In total, 6 independent worldwide bladder cancer microarray mRNA expression datasets (n=1,355) with clinical and follow-up annotations were collected from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed that ASPM mRNA expression was higher in bladder cancer tissue compared with adjacent normal bladder mucosae in 10 paired human tissue samples (P=0.004). ASPM overexpression in human bladder cancer samples was consistent with the mRNA expression datasets from GEO and TCGA. Bioinformatics analysis indicated that ASPM mRNA expression was significantly associated with grade and tumor node metastasis (TNM) stage in bladder cancer, based on pooled GEO and TCGA datasets (P<0.05). Stratification analysis indicated that the clinical significance of ASPM was particularly pronounced in low-grade or papillary subtypes of bladder cancer. Individual Cox and pooled Kaplan-Meier analyses suggested that ASPM expression was significantly directly correlated with poor overall (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in bladder cancer. Multivariate and stratification analyses demonstrated that the prognostic significance of ASPM was evident in low-grade or papillary bladder cancers, yet not in high-grade or non-papillary subgroups. Increased expression of ASPM was associated with poor OS in muscle-invasive bladder cancer and with poor PFS in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (P<0.05). Bioinformatics analysis identified the top 11 ASPM-related genes on STRING-DB.org. The expression of the majority of these genes was associated with poor outcomes of bladder cancer with statistical significance. Gene set enrichment analysis indicated that the high expression of ASPM could enrich gene signatures involved in mitosis, differentiation and metastasis in bladder cancer. Further analysis of TCGA datasets indicated that increased ASPM expression was significantly associated with higher Gleason score, T stage, N stage and poor clinical outcome in prostate cancer. It was also significantly associated with late TNM stage and poor PFS in renal cell carcinoma. In summary, ASPM may serve as a novel prognostic biomarker for low-grade or papillary bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenglin Xu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China.,Department of Urologic Surgery, Affiliated Dongyang People's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Dongyang, Zhejiang 322100, P.R. China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Statistics, Hangzhou Hope Biotechnology, Inc., Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310015, P.R. China
| | - Frank Luh
- Sino-American Cancer Foundation, California Cancer Institute, Temple City, CA 91780, USA.,Tumor Biomarker Development, California Cancer Institute, Temple City, CA 91780, USA
| | - Baiye Jin
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China
| | - Xiyong Liu
- Sino-American Cancer Foundation, California Cancer Institute, Temple City, CA 91780, USA.,Tumor Biomarker Development, California Cancer Institute, Temple City, CA 91780, USA
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ASPM promotes prostate cancer stemness and progression by augmenting Wnt−Dvl-3−β-catenin signaling. Oncogene 2018; 38:1340-1353. [DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0497-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Raman P, Maddipati R, Lim KH, Tozeren A. Pancreatic cancer survival analysis defines a signature that predicts outcome. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0201751. [PMID: 30092011 PMCID: PMC6084949 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0201751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the third leading cause of cancer death in the US. Despite multiple large-scale genetic sequencing studies, identification of predictors of patient survival remains challenging. We performed a comprehensive assessment and integrative analysis of large-scale gene expression datasets, across multiple platforms, to enable discovery of a prognostic gene signature for patient survival in pancreatic cancer. PDAC RNA-Sequencing data from The Cancer Genome Atlas was stratified into Survival+ (>2-year survival) and Survival-(<1-year survival) cohorts (n = 47). Comparisons of RNA expression profiles between survival groups and normal pancreatic tissue expression data from the Gene Expression Omnibus generated an initial PDAC specific prognostic differential expression gene list. The candidate prognostic gene list was then trained on the Australian pancreatic cancer dataset from the ICGC database (n = 103), using iterative sampling based algorithms, to derive a gene signature predictive of patient survival. The gene signature was validated in 2 independent patient cohorts and against existing PDAC subtype classifications. We identified 707 candidate prognostic genes exhibiting differential expression in tumor versus normal tissue. A substantial fraction of these genes was also found to be differentially methylated between survival groups. From the candidate gene list, a 5-gene signature (ADM, ASPM, DCBLD2, E2F7, and KRT6A) was identified. Our signature demonstrated significant power to predict patient survival in two distinct patient cohorts and was independent of AJCC TNM staging. Cross-validation of our gene signature reported a better ROC AUC (≥ 0.8) when compared to existing PDAC survival signatures. Furthermore, validation of our signature through immunohistochemical analysis of patient tumor tissue and existing gene expression subtyping data in PDAC, demonstrated a correlation to the presence of vascular invasion and the aggressive squamous tumor subtype. Assessment of these genes in patient biopsies could help further inform risk-stratification and treatment decisions in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pichai Raman
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sciences, and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
- Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
- Center for Data-Driven Discovery in Biomedicine, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Ravikanth Maddipati
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Kian Huat Lim
- Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
- Stoke Therapeutics, Inc., Bedford, MA, United States of America
| | - Aydin Tozeren
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sciences, and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
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Schiewek J, Schumacher U, Lange T, Joosse SA, Wikman H, Pantel K, Mikhaylova M, Kneussel M, Linder S, Schmalfeldt B, Oliveira-Ferrer L, Windhorst S. Clinical relevance of cytoskeleton associated proteins for ovarian cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2018; 144:2195-2205. [PMID: 30094535 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-018-2710-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Ovarian cancer has a high mortality rate and up to now no reliable molecular prognostic biomarkers have been established. During malignant progression, the cytoskeleton is strongly altered. Hence we analyzed if expression of certain cytoskeleton-associated proteins is correlated with clinical outcome of ovarian cancer patients. METHODS First, in silico analysis was performed using the cancer genome atlas (TCGA), the human expression atlas and Pubmed. Selected candidates were validated on 270 ovarian cancer patients by qRT-PCR and/or by western blotting. RESULTS In silico analysis revealed that mRNAs of 214 cytoskeleton-associated proteins are detectable in ovarian cancer tissue. Among these, we selected 17 proteins that participate in cancer disease progression and cytoskeleton modulation: KIF14, KIF20A, KIF18A, ASPM, CEP55, DLGAP5, MAP9, EB1, KATNA1, DIAPH1, ANLN, SCIN, CCDC88A, FSCN1, GSN, VASP and CDC42. The first ten candidates interact with microtubules (MTs) and the others bind to actin filaments. Validation on clinical samples of ovarian cancer patients revealed that the expression levels of DIAPH1, EB1, KATNA1, KIF14 and KIF18A significantly correlated with clinical and histological parameters of ovarian cancer. High DIAPH1, EB1, KATNA1 and KIF14 protein levels were associated with increased overall survival (OAS) of ovarian cancer patients, while high DIAPH1 and EB1 protein levels were also associated with low differentiation of respective tumors (G2/3). Moreover, DIAPH1 was the only protein, whose expression significantly correlated with increased recurrence-free interval (RFI). CONCLUSION Mainly the expression levels of the MT-associated proteins analyzed in this study, correlated with prolonged survival of ovarian cancer patients. From > 200 genes initially considered, 17 cytoskeletal proteins are involved in cancer progression according to the literature. Among these, four proteins significantly correlated with improved survival of ovarian cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Schiewek
- Department of Biochemistry and Signal Transduction, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Udo Schumacher
- Institute of Anatomy and Experimental Morphology, University Cancer Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Lange
- Institute of Anatomy and Experimental Morphology, University Cancer Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Simon A Joosse
- Department of Tumor Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Harriet Wikman
- Department of Tumor Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Klaus Pantel
- Department of Tumor Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marina Mikhaylova
- DFG Emmy Noether Group 'Neuronal Protein Transport', Center for Molecular Neurobiology, ZMNH, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Kneussel
- Department of Molecular Neurogenetics, Center for Molecular Neurobiology, ZMNH, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Falkenried 94, 20251, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Linder
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Barbara Schmalfeldt
- Department of Gynecology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Leticia Oliveira-Ferrer
- Department of Gynecology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sabine Windhorst
- Department of Biochemistry and Signal Transduction, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
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Zhou Y, Layton O, Hong L. Identification of Genes and Pathways Involved in Ovarian Epithelial Cancer by Bioinformatics Analysis. J Cancer 2018; 9:3016-3022. [PMID: 30210623 PMCID: PMC6134813 DOI: 10.7150/jca.26133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian epithelial cancer (OEC) is an often fatal disease with poor prognosis in women with high-stage disease. In contrast, ovarian low malignant potential (LMP) tumors with favorable prognosis behaves as a disease between benign and malignant tumors. The involved genes and pathways between benign-like LMP and aggressive OEC are largely unknown. This study integrated two cohorts profile datasets to investigate the potential key candidate genes and pathways associated with OEC. Gene expression in two datasets (GSE9891 and GSE12172), including 327 OECs and 48 LMP tumors, were analyzed. 559 differentially expressed genes were found to overlap, 251 up-regulated and 308 down-regulated. Subsequently, analysis of gene ontology, signaling pathway enrichment and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was performed. Gene ontology analysis clustered the up-regulated and down-regulated genes based on significant enrichment. 282 nodes/ differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified from DEGs PPI network complex, and two most significant k-clique modules were identified from PPI. In a summary, using integrated bioinformatics analysis, we are able to identify biomarkers potentially significant in the pathogenesis of OEC, which can improve our understanding of the cause and molecular events. These candidate genes and pathways could be used for further confirmation, and lead to better disease diagnose and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zhou
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, P.R. China
| | - Olivia Layton
- Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Li Hong
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, P.R. China
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Alsiary R, Brownhill SC, Brüning-Richardson A, Hutson R, Griffin N, Morrison EE, Bond J, Burchill SA, Bell SM. Expression analysis of the MCPH1/BRIT1 and BRCA1 tumor suppressor genes and telomerase splice variants in epithelial ovarian cancer. Gene 2018; 672:34-44. [PMID: 29860064 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.05.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Revised: 05/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The aim of this study was to explore the correlation of hTERT splice variant expression with MCPH1/BRIT1 and BRCA1 expression in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) samples. BACKGROUND Telomerase activation can contribute to the progression of tumors and the development of cancer. However, the regulation of telomerase activity remains unclear. MCPH1 (also known as BRIT1, BRCT-repeat inhibitor of hTERT expression) and BRCA1 are tumor suppressor genes that have been linked to telomerase expression. METHODS qPCR was used to investigate telomerase splice variants, MCPH1/BRIT1 and BRCA1 expression in EOC tissue and primary cultures. RESULTS The wild type α+/β+ hTERT variant was the most common splice variant in the EOC samples, followed by α+/β- hTERT, a dominant negative regulator of telomerase activity. EOC samples expressing high total hTERT demonstrated significantly lower MCPH1/BRIT1 expression in both tissue (p = 0.05) and primary cultures (p = 0.03). We identified a negative correlation between MCPH1/BRIT1 and α+/β+ hTERT (p = 0.04), and a strong positive association between MCPH1/BRIT1 and both α-/β+ hTERT and α-/β- hTERT (both p = 0.02). A positive association was observed between BRCA1 and α-/β+ hTERT and α-/β- hTERT expression (p = 0.003 and p = 0.04, respectively). CONCLUSIONS These findings support a regulatory effect of MCPH1/BRIT1 and BRCA1 on telomerase activity, particularly the negative association between MCPH1/BRIT1 and the functional form of hTERT (α+/β+).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rawiah Alsiary
- Leeds Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Leeds, St. James's University Hospital, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Samantha C Brownhill
- Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of Leeds, St. James's University Hospital Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Anke Brüning-Richardson
- Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of Leeds, St. James's University Hospital Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Richard Hutson
- Institute of Oncology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Nicholas Griffin
- Department of Histopathology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Ewan E Morrison
- Leeds Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Leeds, St. James's University Hospital, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Jacquelyn Bond
- Leeds Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Leeds, St. James's University Hospital, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Susan A Burchill
- Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of Leeds, St. James's University Hospital Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Sandra M Bell
- Leeds Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Leeds, St. James's University Hospital, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK.
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Lang PY, Gershon TR. A New Way to Treat Brain Tumors: Targeting Proteins Coded by Microcephaly Genes?: Brain tumors and microcephaly arise from opposing derangements regulating progenitor growth. Drivers of microcephaly could be attractive brain tumor targets. Bioessays 2018; 40:e1700243. [PMID: 29577351 PMCID: PMC5910257 DOI: 10.1002/bies.201700243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Revised: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
New targets for brain tumor therapies may be identified by mutations that cause hereditary microcephaly. Brain growth depends on the repeated proliferation of stem and progenitor cells. Microcephaly syndromes result from mutations that specifically impair the ability of brain progenitor or stem cells to proliferate, by inducing either premature differentiation or apoptosis. Brain tumors that derive from brain progenitor or stem cells may share many of the specific requirements of their cells of origin. These tumors may therefore be susceptible to disruptions of the protein products of genes that are mutated in microcephaly. The potential for the products of microcephaly genes to be therapeutic targets in brain tumors are highlighted hereby reviewing research on EG5, KIF14, ASPM, CDK6, and ATR. Treatments that disrupt these proteins may open new avenues for brain tumor therapy that have increased efficacy and decreased toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Y. Lang
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Timothy R. Gershon
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
- Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
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Zhou L, Du Y, Kong L, Zhang X, Chen Q. Identification of molecular target genes and key pathways in hepatocellular carcinoma by bioinformatics analysis. Onco Targets Ther 2018; 11:1861-1869. [PMID: 29670361 PMCID: PMC5894727 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s156737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aim Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major cause of cancer mortality and is increasing incidence worldwide. The aim of this study was to identify the key genes and microRNAs in HCC and explore their potential mechanisms. Methods The gene expression profiles of GSE76427, GSE64041, GSE57957, and the microRNA dataset GSE67882 were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. The online tool GEO2R was used to obtain differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and miRNAs (DEMs). The gene ontology and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis were performed for DEGs using the Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery. A protein–protein interaction (PPI) network of the DEGs was constructed by Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes and visualized by Cytoscape. Moreover, miRecords was used to predict the target genes of DEMs. Results In total, 106 DEGs were screened out in HCC, consisting of 89 upregulated genes and 17 downregulated genes, which were mainly enriched in biological processes associated with oxidation–reduction process. Besides, the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways including chemical carcinogenesis, drug metabolism-cytochrome P450, tryptophan metabolism, and retinol metabolism were involved. A PPI network was constructed consisting of 105 nodes and 66 edges. A significant module including nine hub genes, ASPM, AURKA, CCNB2, CDKN3, MELK, NCAPG, NUSAP1, PRC1, and TOP2A, was detected from the PPI network by Molecular Complex Detection. The enriched functions were mainly associated with the mitotic cell cycle process, cell division, and mitotic cell cycle. In addition, a total of 21 DEMs were identified, including 9 upregulated and 12 downregulated miRNAs. Interestingly, ZBTB41 was the potential target of seven miRNAs. Finally, the nine hub genes and three miRNA-target genes expression levels were validated by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. The relative expression levels of nine genes (ASPM, AURKA, CDKN3, MELK, NCAPG, PRC1, TOP2A, ZBTB41, and ZNF148) were significantly upregulated in cancer tissues. Conclusion This study identified the key genes and potential molecular mechanisms underlying the development of HCC, which could provide new insight for HCC interventional strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, China
| | - Yanyan Du
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, China
| | - Lingqun Kong
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, China
| | - Xingyuan Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, China
| | - Qiangpu Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, China
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Shi H, Zhang L, Qu Y, Hou L, Wang L, Zheng M. Prognostic genes of breast cancer revealed by gene co-expression network analysis. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:4535-4542. [PMID: 29085450 PMCID: PMC5649579 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to identify genes that may serve as markers for breast cancer prognosis by constructing a gene co-expression network and mining modules associated with survival. Two gene expression datasets of breast cancer were downloaded from ArrayExpress and genes from these datasets with a coefficient of variation >0.5 were selected and underwent functional enrichment analysis with the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integration Discovery. Gene co-expression networks were constructed with the WGCNA package in R. Modules were identified from the network via cluster analysis. Cox regression was conducted to analyze survival rates. A total of 2,669 genes were selected, and functional enrichment analysis of them revealed that they were mainly associated with the immune response, cell proliferation, cell differentiation and cell adhesion. Seven modules were identified from the gene co-expression network, one of which was found to be significantly associated with patient survival time. Expression status of 144 genes from this module was used to cluster patient samples into two groups, with a significant difference in survival time revealed between these groups. These genes were involved in the cell cycle and tumor protein p53 signaling pathway. The top 10 hub genes were identified in the module. The findings of the present study could advance the understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijie Shi
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Yanjun Qu
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Lifang Hou
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Ling Wang
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Min Zheng
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
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High expression of ASPM correlates with tumor progression and predicts poor outcome in patients with prostate cancer. Int Urol Nephrol 2017; 49:817-823. [DOI: 10.1007/s11255-017-1545-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Wang F, Chang Y, Li J, Wang H, Zhou R, Qi J, Liu J, Zhao Q. Strong correlation between ASPM gene expression and HCV cirrhosis progression identified by co-expression analysis. Dig Liver Dis 2017; 49:70-76. [PMID: 27876500 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2016.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Revised: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) cirrhosis is at a high risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and its progression is influenced by a complex network of gene interactions. A weighted gene co-expression network was constructed to identify gene modules associated with the seven-stage disease progression from HCV cirrhosis to HCV-related HCC (n=65). In the significant module (R2=0.86), a total of 25 network hub genes were identified, half of which were also hub nodes in the protein-protein interaction network of the module genes. In validation, most hub genes showed a moderate correlation with the disease progression, and only ASPM was highly correlated (R2=0.801). In the test set (n=63), ASPM was also more highly expressed in HCV cirrhosis with concomitant HCC than in those without HCC (P=0.0054). Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) demonstrated that the gene set of "regulation of protein amino acid phosphorylation" (n=20) was enriched in HCV cirrhosis samples with ASPM highly expressed (false discovery rate (FDR)=0.049). In gene ontology (GO) analysis, genes in the enriched set were associated with liver neoplasms and other neoplastic diseases. In conclusion, through co-expression analysis, ASPM was identified and validated in association with the progression of HCV cirrhosis probably by regulating tumor-related phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Clinical Center & Key Lab of Intestinal & Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Ying Chang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Clinical Center & Key Lab of Intestinal & Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Jin Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Clinical Center & Key Lab of Intestinal & Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongling Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Clinical Center & Key Lab of Intestinal & Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Rui Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Clinical Center & Key Lab of Intestinal & Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Jian Qi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Clinical Center & Key Lab of Intestinal & Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Clinical Center & Key Lab of Intestinal & Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, China.
| | - Qiu Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Clinical Center & Key Lab of Intestinal & Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, China.
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Johnson CA, Collis SJ. Ciliogenesis and the DNA damage response: a stressful relationship. Cilia 2016; 5:19. [PMID: 27335639 PMCID: PMC4916530 DOI: 10.1186/s13630-016-0040-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Both inherited and sporadic mutations can give rise to a plethora of human diseases. Through myriad diverse cellular processes, sporadic mutations can arise through a failure to accurately replicate the genetic code or by inaccurate separation of duplicated chromosomes into daughter cells. The human genome has therefore evolved to encode a large number of proteins that work together with regulators of the cell cycle to ensure that it remains error-free. This is collectively known as the DNA damage response (DDR), and genome stability mechanisms involve a complex network of signalling and processing factors that ensure redundancy and adaptability of these systems. The importance of genome stability mechanisms is best illustrated by the dramatic increased risk of cancer in individuals with underlying disruption to genome maintenance mechanisms. Cilia are microtubule-based sensory organelles present on most vertebrate cells, where they facilitate transduction of external signals into the cell. When not embedded within the specialised ciliary membrane, components of the primary cilium's basal body help form the microtubule organising centre that controls cellular trafficking and the mitotic segregation of chromosomes. Ciliopathies are a collection of diseases associated with functional disruption to cilia function through a variety of different mechanisms. Ciliopathy phenotypes can vary widely, and although some cellular overgrowth phenotypes are prevalent in a subset of ciliopathies, an increased risk of cancer is not noted as a clinical feature. However, recent studies have identified surprising genetic and functional links between cilia-associated proteins and genome maintenance factors. The purpose of this mini-review is to therefore highlight some of these discoveries and discuss their implications with regards to functional crosstalk between the DDR and ciliogenesis pathways, and how this may impact on the development of human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin A. Johnson
- />Section of Ophthalmology and Neurosciences, Wellcome Trust Brenner Building, Leeds Institute of Molecular Medicine, St. James’s University Hospital, Leeds, LS9 7TF UK
| | - Spencer J. Collis
- />Genome Stability Group, Department of Oncology and Metabolism, Academic Unit of Molecular Oncology, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield, S10 2RX UK
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Williams SE, Garcia I, Crowther AJ, Li S, Stewart A, Liu H, Lough KJ, O'Neill S, Veleta K, Oyarzabal EA, Merrill JR, Shih YYI, Gershon TR. Aspm sustains postnatal cerebellar neurogenesis and medulloblastoma growth in mice. Development 2015; 142:3921-32. [PMID: 26450969 DOI: 10.1242/dev.124271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Alterations in genes that regulate brain size may contribute to both microcephaly and brain tumor formation. Here, we report that Aspm, a gene that is mutated in familial microcephaly, regulates postnatal neurogenesis in the cerebellum and supports the growth of medulloblastoma, the most common malignant pediatric brain tumor. Cerebellar granule neuron progenitors (CGNPs) express Aspm when maintained in a proliferative state by sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling, and Aspm is expressed in Shh-driven medulloblastoma in mice. Genetic deletion of Aspm reduces cerebellar growth, while paradoxically increasing the mitotic rate of CGNPs. Aspm-deficient CGNPs show impaired mitotic progression, altered patterns of division orientation and differentiation, and increased DNA damage, which causes progenitor attrition through apoptosis. Deletion of Aspm in mice with Smo-induced medulloblastoma reduces tumor growth and increases DNA damage. Co-deletion of Aspm and either of the apoptosis regulators Bax or Trp53 (also known as p53) rescues the survival of neural progenitors and reduces the growth restriction imposed by Aspm deletion. Our data show that Aspm functions to regulate mitosis and to mitigate DNA damage during CGNP cell division, causes microcephaly through progenitor apoptosis when mutated, and sustains tumor growth in medulloblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott E Williams
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Idoia Garcia
- Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Andrew J Crowther
- Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA UNC Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Shiyi Li
- Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Alyssa Stewart
- Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Hedi Liu
- Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Kendall J Lough
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Sean O'Neill
- Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Katherine Veleta
- Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA UNC Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Esteban A Oyarzabal
- Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA UNC Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Joseph R Merrill
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Yen-Yu Ian Shih
- Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA UNC Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Timothy R Gershon
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA UNC Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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Zhang J, Wu XB, Fan JJ, Mai L, Cai W, Li D, Yuan CF, Bu YQ, Song FZ. MCPH1 Protein Expression in Normal and Neoplastic Lung Tissues. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 14:7295-300. [PMID: 24460291 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2013.14.12.7295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer-related death in the world. The main types are small-cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) and non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), the latter including squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), adenocarcinoma and large cell carcinoma. NSCLCs account for about 80% of all lung cancer cases. Microcephalin (MCPH1), also called BRIT1 (BRCT-repeat inhibitor of hTERT expression), plays an important role in the maintenance of genomic stability. Recently, several studies have provided evidence that the expression of MCPH1 gene is decreased in several different types of human cancers. We evaluated the expression of protein MCPH1 in 188 lung cancer and 20 normal lung tissues by immunohistochemistry. Positive MCPH1 staining was found in all normal lung samples and only some cancerous tissues. MCPH1-positive cells were significantly lower in lung carcinoma compared with normal tissues. Furthermore, we firstly found that MCPH1 expression in lung adenocarcinoma is higher than its expression in squamous cell carcinoma. Change in MCPH1 protein expression may be associated with lung tumorigenesis and may be a useful biomarker for identification of pathological types of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Zhang
- Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China E-mail :
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Mcph1/Brit1 deficiency promotes genomic instability and tumor formation in a mouse model. Oncogene 2014; 34:4368-78. [PMID: 25362854 PMCID: PMC4417661 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2014.367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2013] [Revised: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 09/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
MCPH1, also known as BRIT1, has recently been identified as a novel key regulatory gene of the DNA damage response pathway. MCPH1 is located on human chromosome 8p23.1, where human cancers frequently show loss of heterozygosity. As such, MCPH1 is aberrantly expressed in many malignancies, including breast and ovarian cancers, and the function of MCPH1 has been implicated in tumor suppression. However, it remains poorly understood whether MCPH1 deficiency leads to tumorigenesis. Here we generated and studied both Mcph1(-/-) and Mcph1(-/-)p53(-/-) mice; we showed that Mcph1(-/-) mice developed tumors with long latency, and that primary lymphoma developed significantly earlier in Mcph1(-/-)p53(-/-) mice than in Mcph11(+/+)p53(-/-) and Mcph1(+/-)p53(-/-) mice. The Mcph1(-/-)p53(-/-) lymphomas and derived murine embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) were both more sensitive to irradiation. Mcph1 deficiency resulted in remarkably increased chromosome and chromatid breaks in Mcph1(-/-)p53(-/-) lymphomas and MEFs, as determined by metaphase spread assay and spectral karyotyping analysis. In addition, Mcph1 deficiency significantly enhanced aneuploidy as well as abnormal centrosome multiplication in Mcph1(-/-)p53(-/-) cells. Meanwhile, Mcph1 deficiency impaired double strand break (DSB) repair in Mcph1(-/-)p53(-/-) MEFs as demonstrated by neutral Comet assay. Compared with Mcph1(+/+)p53(-/-) MEFs, homologous recombination and non-homologous end-joining activities were significantly decreased in Mcph1(-/-)p53(-/-) MEFs. Notably, reconstituted MCPH1 rescued the defects of DSB repair and alleviated chromosomal aberrations in Mcph1(-/-)p53(-/-) MEFs. Taken together, our data demonstrate MCPH1 deficiency promotes genomic instability and increases cancer susceptibility. Our study using knockout mouse models provides convincing genetic evidence that MCPH1 is a bona fide tumor suppressor gene. Its deficiency leading to defective DNA repair in tumors can be used to develop novel targeted cancer therapies in the future.
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Newton R, Wernisch L. A meta-analysis of multiple matched copy number and transcriptomics data sets for inferring gene regulatory relationships. PLoS One 2014; 9:e105522. [PMID: 25148247 PMCID: PMC4141782 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0105522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Inferring gene regulatory relationships from observational data is challenging. Manipulation and intervention is often required to unravel causal relationships unambiguously. However, gene copy number changes, as they frequently occur in cancer cells, might be considered natural manipulation experiments on gene expression. An increasing number of data sets on matched array comparative genomic hybridisation and transcriptomics experiments from a variety of cancer pathologies are becoming publicly available. Here we explore the potential of a meta-analysis of thirty such data sets. The aim of our analysis was to assess the potential of in silico inference of trans-acting gene regulatory relationships from this type of data. We found sufficient correlation signal in the data to infer gene regulatory relationships, with interesting similarities between data sets. A number of genes had highly correlated copy number and expression changes in many of the data sets and we present predicted potential trans-acted regulatory relationships for each of these genes. The study also investigates to what extent heterogeneity between cell types and between pathologies determines the number of statistically significant predictions available from a meta-analysis of experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Newton
- Biostatistics Unit, Medical Research Council, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Lorenz Wernisch
- Biostatistics Unit, Medical Research Council, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Du L, Fan Q, Tu B, Yan W, Tang T. Establishment and characterization of a new highly metastatic human osteosarcoma cell line derived from Saos2. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2014; 7:2871-2882. [PMID: 25031706 PMCID: PMC4097260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignancy of bone in adolescents and young adults. There is a shortage of tumorigenic and highly metastatic human osteosarcoma cell lines that can be used for metastasis study. Here we establish and characterize a highly metastatic human osteosarcoma cell line that is derived from Saos2 cell line based on bioluminescence. The occasional pulmonary metastatic cells developed from Saos2 were isolated, harvested, characterized and named Saos2-l. The parental Saos2 and Saos2-l cells were further characterized both in vitro and in vivo. Results showed that Saos2-l cells demonstrated increased cell adhesion, migration and invasion compared to the parental Saos2 cells. Conversely, Saos2-l cells grew at a slightly slower rate than that of the parental cells. When injected into nude mice, Saos2-l cells had a greater increase in developing pulmonary metastases compared to the parental Saos2 cells. Further transcriptional profiling analysis revealed that some gene expression were up-regulated or down-regulated in the highly metastatic Saos2-l cells, indicating possible influencing factors of metastasis. Thus, we have established and characterized a highly metastatic human osteosarcoma cell line that should serve as a valuable tool for future investigations on the pathogenesis, metastasis and potential treatments of human osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Du
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200011, China
- Shanghai First People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200080, China
| | - Qiming Fan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200011, China
| | - Bing Tu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200011, China
| | - Wei Yan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200011, China
| | - Tingting Tang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200011, China
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Deregulation of microcephalin and ASPM expression are correlated with epithelial ovarian cancer progression. PLoS One 2014; 9:e97059. [PMID: 24830737 PMCID: PMC4022499 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2013] [Accepted: 04/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the MCPH1 (Microcephalin) and ASPM (abnormal spindle-like microcephaly associated) genes cause primary microcephaly. Both are centrosomal associated proteins involved in mitosis. Microcephalin plays an important role in DNA damage response and ASPM is required for correct division of proliferative neuro-epithelial cells of the developing brain. Reduced MCPH1 mRNA expression and ASPM mRNA over-expression have been implicated in the development of human carcinomas. Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is characterised by highly aneuploid tumours. Previously we have reported low Microcephalin and high ASPM protein levels and associations with clinico-pathological parameters in malignant cells from ascitic fluids. To confirm these previous findings on a larger scale Microcephalin and ASPM expression levels and localisations were evaluated by immunohistochemistry in two cohorts; a training set of 25 samples and a validation set of 322 EOC tissue samples. Results were correlated to the associated histopathological data. In normal ovarian tissues the Microcephalin nuclear staining pattern was consistently strong. In the cancer tissues, we identified low nuclear Microcephalin expression in high grade and advanced stage tumours (p<0.0001 and p = 0.0438 respectively). ASPM had moderate to high nuclear and low to moderate cytoplasmic expression in normal tissue. Cytoplasmic ASPM expression decreased with tumour grade and stage in the serous subtype of EOC (p = 0.023 and p = 0.011 respectively). Cytoplasmic ASPM increased with tumour stage in the endometrioid subtype (p = 0.023). Increasing tumour invasiveness (T3) and lymph node involvement (N1) also correlated with a decrease in cytoplasmic ASPM in EOC (p = 0.02 and p = 0.04 respectively). We have validated previous findings of deregulated expression of Microcephalin and ASPM in EOC by confirming associations for low nuclear Microcephalin levels and high cytoplasmic ASPM levels in a larger scale tumour tissue study. Microcephalin and ASPM may prove useful biomarkers in EOC.
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