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Dwivedi AK, Gornalusse GG, Siegel DA, Barbehenn A, Thanh C, Hoh R, Hobbs KS, Pan T, Gibson EA, Martin J, Hecht F, Pilcher C, Milush J, Busch MP, Stone M, Huang ML, Reppetti J, Vo PM, Levy CN, Roychoudhury P, Jerome KR, Hladik F, Henrich TJ, Deeks SG, Lee SA. A cohort-based study of host gene expression: tumor suppressor and innate immune/inflammatory pathways associated with the HIV reservoir size. PLoS Pathog 2023; 19:e1011114. [PMID: 38019897 PMCID: PMC10712869 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1011114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The major barrier to an HIV cure is the HIV reservoir: latently-infected cells that persist despite effective antiretroviral therapy (ART). There have been few cohort-based studies evaluating host genomic or transcriptomic predictors of the HIV reservoir. We performed host RNA sequencing and HIV reservoir quantification (total DNA [tDNA], unspliced RNA [usRNA], intact DNA) from peripheral CD4+ T cells from 191 ART-suppressed people with HIV (PWH). After adjusting for nadir CD4+ count, timing of ART initiation, and genetic ancestry, we identified two host genes for which higher expression was significantly associated with smaller total DNA viral reservoir size, P3H3 and NBL1, both known tumor suppressor genes. We then identified 17 host genes for which lower expression was associated with higher residual transcription (HIV usRNA). These included novel associations with membrane channel (KCNJ2, GJB2), inflammasome (IL1A, CSF3, TNFAIP5, TNFAIP6, TNFAIP9, CXCL3, CXCL10), and innate immunity (TLR7) genes (FDR-adjusted q<0.05). Gene set enrichment analyses further identified significant associations of HIV usRNA with TLR4/microbial translocation (q = 0.006), IL-1/NRLP3 inflammasome (q = 0.008), and IL-10 (q = 0.037) signaling. Protein validation assays using ELISA and multiplex cytokine assays supported these observed inverse host gene correlations, with P3H3, IL-10, and TNF-α protein associations achieving statistical significance (p<0.05). Plasma IL-10 was also significantly inversely associated with HIV DNA (p = 0.016). HIV intact DNA was not associated with differential host gene expression, although this may have been due to a large number of undetectable values in our study. To our knowledge, this is the largest host transcriptomic study of the HIV reservoir. Our findings suggest that host gene expression may vary in response to the transcriptionally active reservoir and that changes in cellular proliferation genes may influence the size of the HIV reservoir. These findings add important data to the limited host genetic HIV reservoir studies to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok K. Dwivedi
- Department of Medicine, Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases & Global Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Germán G. Gornalusse
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - David A. Siegel
- Department of Medicine, Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases & Global Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Alton Barbehenn
- Department of Medicine, Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases & Global Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Cassandra Thanh
- Department of Medicine, Division of Experimental Medicine, University of California San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Rebecca Hoh
- Department of Medicine, Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases & Global Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Kristen S. Hobbs
- Department of Medicine, Division of Experimental Medicine, University of California San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Tony Pan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Experimental Medicine, University of California San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Erica A. Gibson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Experimental Medicine, University of California San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey Martin
- Department of Biostatistics & Epidemiology, University of California San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Frederick Hecht
- Department of Medicine, Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases & Global Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Christopher Pilcher
- Department of Medicine, Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases & Global Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey Milush
- Department of Medicine, Division of Experimental Medicine, University of California San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Michael P. Busch
- Vitalant Blood Bank, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Mars Stone
- Vitalant Blood Bank, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Meei-Li Huang
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Julieta Reppetti
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica Bernardo Houssay (IFIBIO- Houssay), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Phuong M. Vo
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Claire N. Levy
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Pavitra Roychoudhury
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Keith R. Jerome
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Florian Hladik
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Timothy J. Henrich
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Steven G. Deeks
- Department of Medicine, Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases & Global Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Sulggi A. Lee
- Department of Medicine, Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases & Global Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, United States of America
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Tang FF, Liu L, Tian XT, Li N, Peng YX, Qian CM, Jia TT, Liu JJ, Gao WH, Xu YF. Network pharmacological analysis of corosolic acid reveals P4HA2 inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma progression. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:171. [PMID: 37248456 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-04008-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Corosolic acid is a pentacyclic triterpene acid with hypoglycemic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer effects. However, its potential targets in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are unknown, hindering clinical utilization. METHODS Differentially expressed proteins of the Bel-7404 cell line were identified with tandem mass tag analysis and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of an HCC TCGA dataset using bioinformatics. Gene functions and pathways were inferred using the DAVID database. Online databases were used to establish P4HA2 expression in HCC (GEPIA2) and its relationship with patient survival (UALCAN and The Human Protein Atlas), the association between P4HA2 expression and immune cell infiltration (TIMER2), and DNA methylation of the P4HA2 gene (MethSurv). Cell proliferation, cell cycle, and cell death were assessed with PI and SYTOX-Green staining, CCK-8, and colony formation assays. Protein expression levels were detected by Western blotting. RESULTS A total of 44 differentially expressed proteins and 4498 DEGs were identified. Four genes whose proteins were also found in the differential protein profile but with opposing expressions were selected as candidate targets. The candidate gene prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit alpha 2 (P4HA2) was recognized as the only potential target due to its high expression in public datasets, association with poor patient survival, and relation to immune cell infiltration in HCC tissues. Moreover, the DNA methylation status in 4 CpG islands of the P4HA2 gene correlated with a poor prognosis. Furthermore, corosolic acid treatment inhibited the proliferation of HCC cell lines Bel-7404 and HepG2 in a dose-dependent manner, caused G2/M phase cell cycle arrest, and promoted cell death. In addition, the treatment reduced P4HA2 protein levels. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that P4HA2 is a potential target of corosolic acid. Thus, they contribute to understanding molecular changes in HCC after corosolic acid treatment and facilitate finding new treatment regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei-Feng Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, People's Republic of China
| | - Long Liu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianyou Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, 200331, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Ting Tian
- Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Thoracic Oncology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Li
- Central Laboratory, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Xiu Peng
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Mei Qian
- Central Laboratory, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting-Ting Jia
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Jin Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Hui Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Feng Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, People's Republic of China.
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Dwivedi AK, Siegel DA, Thanh C, Hoh R, Hobbs KS, Pan T, Gibson EA, Martin J, Hecht F, Pilcher C, Milush J, Busch MP, Stone M, Huang ML, Levy CN, Roychoudhury P, Hladik F, Jerome KR, Henrich TJ, Deeks SG, Lee SA. Differences in expression of tumor suppressor, innate immune, inflammasome, and potassium/gap junction channel host genes significantly predict viral reservoir size during treated HIV infection. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.10.523535. [PMID: 36712077 PMCID: PMC9882059 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.10.523535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The major barrier to an HIV cure is the persistence of infected cells that evade host immune surveillance despite effective antiretroviral therapy (ART). Most prior host genetic HIV studies have focused on identifying DNA polymorphisms (e.g., CCR5Δ32 , MHC class I alleles) associated with viral load among untreated "elite controllers" (~1% of HIV+ individuals who are able to control virus without ART). However, there have been few studies evaluating host genetic predictors of viral control for the majority of people living with HIV (PLWH) on ART. We performed host RNA sequencing and HIV reservoir quantification (total DNA, unspliced RNA, intact DNA) from peripheral CD4+ T cells from 191 HIV+ ART-suppressed non-controllers. Multivariate models included covariates for timing of ART initiation, nadir CD4+ count, age, sex, and ancestry. Lower HIV total DNA (an estimate of the total reservoir) was associated with upregulation of tumor suppressor genes NBL1 (q=0.012) and P3H3 (q=0.012). Higher HIV unspliced RNA (an estimate of residual HIV transcription) was associated with downregulation of several host genes involving inflammasome ( IL1A, CSF3, TNFAIP5, TNFAIP6, TNFAIP9 , CXCL3, CXCL10 ) and innate immune ( TLR7 ) signaling, as well as novel associations with potassium ( KCNJ2 ) and gap junction ( GJB2 ) channels, all q<0.05. Gene set enrichment analyses identified significant associations with TLR4/microbial translocation (q=0.006), IL-1β/NRLP3 inflammasome (q=0.008), and IL-10 (q=0.037) signaling. HIV intact DNA (an estimate of the "replication-competent" reservoir) demonstrated trends with thrombin degradation ( PLGLB1 ) and glucose metabolism ( AGL ) genes, but data were (HIV intact DNA detected in only 42% of participants). Our findings demonstrate that among treated PLWH, that inflammation, innate immune responses, bacterial translocation, and tumor suppression/cell proliferation host signaling play a key role in the maintenance of the HIV reservoir during ART. Further data are needed to validate these findings, including functional genomic studies, and expanded epidemiologic studies in female, non-European cohorts. Author Summary Although lifelong HIV antiretroviral therapy (ART) suppresses virus, the major barrier to an HIV cure is the persistence of infected cells that evade host immune surveillance despite effective ART, "the HIV reservoir." HIV eradication strategies have focused on eliminating residual virus to allow for HIV remission, but HIV cure trials to date have thus far failed to show a clinically meaningful reduction in the HIV reservoir. There is an urgent need for a better understanding of the host-viral dynamics during ART suppression to identify potential novel therapeutic targets for HIV cure. This is the first epidemiologic host gene expression study to demonstrate a significant link between HIV reservoir size and several well-known immunologic pathways (e.g., IL-1β, TLR7, TNF-α signaling pathways), as well as novel associations with potassium and gap junction channels (Kir2.1, connexin 26). Further data are needed to validate these findings, including functional genomic studies and expanded epidemiologic studies in female, non-European cohorts.
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Wu Y, Zhang B, Nong J, Rodrìguez RA, Guo W, Liu Y, Zhao S, Wei R. Systematic pan-cancer analysis of the potential tumor diagnosis and prognosis biomarker P4HA3. Front Genet 2023; 14:1045061. [PMID: 37035741 PMCID: PMC10073565 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1045061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit alpha 3 (P4HA3) is implicated in several cancers' development. However, P4HA3 has not been reported in other cancers, and the exact mechanism of action is currently unknown. Materials and methods: First, the expression profile of P4HA3 was analyzed using a combination of the University of California Santa Cruz (UCSC) database, Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE) database, and Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) database. UniCox and Kaplan-Meier were used to analyze the predictive value of P4HA3. The expression of P4HA3 was analyzed in clinical staging, immune subtypes, and Molecular subtypes. Secondly, the correlation of P4HA3 with immunomodulatory genes, immune checkpoint genes, RNA modification genes, immune cell infiltration, cancer-related functional status, tumor stemness index, DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genes and DNA Methyltransferase was examined. The role of P4HA3 in DNA methylation, copy number variation (CNV), mutational status, tumor mutational burden (TMB), and microsatellite instability (MSI) was also analyzed. In addition, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was used to explore the potential functional mechanisms of P4HA3 in pan-cancer. Finally, P4HA3-related drugs were searched in CellMiner, Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer (GDSC), and Cancer Therapeutics Response Portal (CTRP) databases. Results: P4HA3 is significantly overexpressed in most cancers and is associated with poor prognosis. P4HA3 is strongly associated with clinical cancer stage, immune subtypes, molecular subtypes, immune regulatory genes, immune checkpoint genes, RNA modifier genes, immune cell infiltration, cancer-related functional status, tumor stemness index, MMR Gene, DNA Methyltransferase, DNA methylation, CNV, mutational status, TMB, and MSI are closely related. Available enrichment analysis revealed that P4HA3 is associated with the epithelial-mesenchymal transition and immune-related pathways. There are currently 20 drugs associated with P4HA3. Conclusion: In human pan-cancer, P4HA3 is associated with poor patient prognosis and multiple immune cells and may be a novel immunotherapeutic target. It may act on tumor progression through the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinteng Wu
- Department of Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Trauma Hand Surgery, The Second Nanning People’s Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Juan Nong
- Department of Joint Surgery, The Second Nanning People’s Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | | | - Wenliang Guo
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Guigang City People’s Hospital, Guigang, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Shijian Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Cardiovascular Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Fuwai Yunnan Cardiovascular Hospital), Kunming, Yunnan, China
- *Correspondence: Ruqiong Wei, ; Shijian Zhao,
| | - Ruqiong Wei
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- *Correspondence: Ruqiong Wei, ; Shijian Zhao,
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Zhuang L, Li C, Hu X, Yang Q, Pei X, Jin G. High expression of P4HA3 in obesity: a potential therapeutic target for type 2 diabetes. Braz J Med Biol Res 2022; 55:e11741. [PMID: 35976267 PMCID: PMC9377532 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x2022e11741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aims of the present study were to evaluate the expression of prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit alpha 3 (P4HA3) in adipocytes and adipose tissue and to explore its effect on obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We initially demonstrated that P4HA3 was significantly upregulated in the subcutaneous adipose tissue of obesity and T2DM patients, and its functional roles in adipocyte differentiation and insulin resistance were investigated using in vitro and in vivo models. The knockdown of P4HA3 inhibited adipocyte differentiation and improved insulin resistance in 3T3-L1 cells. In C57BL/6J db/db mice fed with a high fat diet (HFD), silencing P4HA3 significantly decreased fasting blood glucose and triglycerides (TG) levels, with concomitant decrease of body weight and adipose tissue weight. Further analysis showed that P4HA3 knockdown was correlated with the augmented IRS-1/PI3K/Akt/FoxO1 signaling pathway in the adipose and hepatic tissues of obese mice, which could improve hepatic glucose homeostasis and steatosis of mice. Together, our study suggested that the dysregulation of P4HA3 may contribute to the development of obesity and T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Langen Zhuang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of
Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Can Li
- Shangyi Health Check-up Centre, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaolei Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of
Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Qingqing Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of
Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaoyan Pei
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of
Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Guoxi Jin
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of
Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
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TGF-β-dependent reprogramming of amino acid metabolism induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition in non-small cell lung cancers. Commun Biol 2021; 4:782. [PMID: 34168290 PMCID: PMC8225889 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02323-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT)—a fundamental process in embryogenesis and wound healing—promotes tumor metastasis and resistance to chemotherapy. While studies have identified signaling components and transcriptional factors responsible in the TGF-β-dependent EMT, whether and how intracellular metabolism is integrated with EMT remains to be fully elucidated. Here, we showed that TGF-β induces reprogramming of intracellular amino acid metabolism, which is necessary to promote EMT in non-small cell lung cancer cells. Combined metabolome and transcriptome analysis identified prolyl 4-hydroxylase α3 (P4HA3), an enzyme implicated in cancer metabolism, to be upregulated during TGF-β stimulation. Further, knockdown of P4HA3 diminished TGF-β-dependent changes in amino acids, EMT, and tumor metastasis. Conversely, manipulation of extracellular amino acids induced EMT-like responses without TGF-β stimulation. These results suggest a previously unappreciated requirement for the reprogramming of amino acid metabolism via P4HA3 for TGF-β-dependent EMT and implicate a P4HA3 inhibitor as a potential therapeutic agent for cancer. Through metabolome and transcriptome analyses, Nakasuka et al find that TGF-β-induced epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) in non-small cell lung cancer cells is associated with reprogramming of amino acid metabolism. They also identify P4HA3 as a key enzyme involved in these changes altogether providing insights into potential mechanisms of metastasis.
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7
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Wu Y, Zhang X, Wang J, Ji R, Zhang L, Qin J, Tian M, Jin G, Zhang X. P4HA2 promotes cell proliferation and migration in glioblastoma. Oncol Lett 2021; 22:601. [PMID: 34188703 PMCID: PMC8228437 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a primary malignant tumor characterized by high infiltration and angiogenesis in the brain parenchyma. Glioma stem cells (GSCs), a heterogeneous GBM cell type with the potential for self-renewal and differentiation to tumor cells, are responsible for the high malignancy of GBM. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the roles of significantly differentially expressed genes between GSCs and GBM cells in GBM progression. The gene profiles GSE74304 and GSE124145, containing 10 GSC samples and 12 GBM samples in total, were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The overlapping differentially expressed genes were identified with GEO2R tools and Venn software online. Subsequently, Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis was performed on the 41 upregulated and 142 downregulated differentially expressed genes in GSCs compared with in GBM cells via the DAVID website. Protein-protein interaction and module analyses in Cytoscape with the STRING database revealed 21 hub genes that were downregulated in GSCs compared with in GBM cells. Survival analysis conducted via the GEPIA2 website revealed that low expression levels of the hub genes prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit α2 (P4HA2), TGF-β induced, integrin subunit α3 and thrombospondin 1 were associated with significantly prolonged survival time in patients with GBM. Further experiments were performed focusing on P4HA2. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR was used to detect P4HA2 gene expression. In agreement with the bioinformatics analysis, P4HA2 expression was higher in U87 cells than in GSCs. Cell Counting Kit-8, EdU incorporation, cell cycle analysis, wound healing and Transwell assays demonstrated that the cell proliferation and migration increased after P4HA2 overexpression and decreased after P4HA2-knockdown. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that low P4HA2 expression in GSCs promoted GBM cell proliferation and migration, suggesting that P4HA2 may act as a switch in the transition from GSCs to GBM cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuying Wu
- Department of Anatomy, Medical School and Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Xunrui Zhang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Xinglin College, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226008, P.R. China
| | - Jue Wang
- Department of Anatomy, Medical School and Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Ruijie Ji
- Department of Anatomy, Medical School and Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Xinglin College, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226008, P.R. China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, Medical School and Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Jianbing Qin
- Department of Anatomy, Medical School and Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Meiling Tian
- Department of Anatomy, Medical School and Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Guohua Jin
- Department of Anatomy, Medical School and Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Xinhua Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, Medical School and Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
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Overexpression of P4HA1 Is Correlated with Poor Survival and Immune Infiltrates in Lung Adenocarcinoma. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:8024138. [PMID: 33299876 PMCID: PMC7707939 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8024138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a major pathological type of lung cancer. Understanding the mechanism of LUAD at the molecular level is important for a clinical decision. In this study, we use bioinformatic analysis to explore the prognostic value of P4HA1 in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and the relationship with prognosis and tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIICs). The results showed that the expression of P4HA1 was significantly higher in tumor tissues than in normal tissues for LUAD patients. Upregulated P4HA1 was related to stage and T classification. Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated that upregulation of P4HA1 was significantly related to worse overall survival (OS). Univariate and multivariate Cox analysis indicated P4HA1 remained to be an independent prognostic factor. GSEA showed that several cancer-related and immune-related signaling pathways exhibited prominently differential enrichment in P4HA1-high expression phenotype. In addition, the expression of P4HA1 was significantly correlated with proportion of several TIICs, particularly B cells and CD4+ T cells. In conclusion, our study confirmed that P4HA1 is a promising biomarker of poor prognosis and relates to immune infiltrates in LUAD.
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Wen Y, Zhu C, Li N, Li Z, Cheng Y, Dong J, Zhu M, Wang Y, Dai J, Ma H, Jin G, Dai M, Hu Z, Shen H. Fine Mapping in Chromosome 3q28 Identified Two Variants Associated with Lung Cancer Risk in Asian Population. J Cancer 2019; 10:1862-1869. [PMID: 31205543 PMCID: PMC6547980 DOI: 10.7150/jca.28379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have consistently identified chromosome 3q28 as a lung cancer susceptibility region. To further characterize the potential genetic mechanism of the variants in this region, we conducted a fine-mapping study on chromosome 3q28 region. We performed a target resequencing in 200 lung cancer cases and 300 controls in the screening and followed by validation in multi-ethnic lung cancer GWASs with 12,843 cases and 12,639 controls. For our identified novel variants, we conducted expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) analysis to reveal the potential target genes. Two susceptibility variants were identified (rs4396880: G>A, OR = 0.35, 95%CI: 0.20-0.62, P = 3.01×10-4; and rs3856776: C>T, OR = 2.05, 95%CI: 1.32-3.18, P = 1.49×10-3) and further supported in Asian population (rs4396880: OR = 0.88, P = 7.43×10-6; and rs3856776: OR =1.17, P = 1.64×10-4). The eQTL analysis showed the A allele of rs4396880 was significantly associated with higher mRNA expression of TP63 (P = 1.70×10-4) in lung tissues, while rs3856776 showed significant association with the expression of LEPREL1-AS1 (P = 6.90×10-3), which was the antisense RNA of LEPREL1 and could suppress the translation of LEPREL1. Notably, LEPREL1 was aberrantly downregulated (P = 2.54×10-18) in lung tumor tissues based on TCGA database. In conclusion, this is the first fine-mapping analysis of 3q28 region in Han Chinese, and we found two variants associated with lung cancer susceptibility in Asian population. What's more, rs3856776 was newly identified and might modulate lung cancer susceptibility by suppressing the function of LEPREL1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wen
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chen Zhu
- Zhejiang Provincial Office for Cancer Prevention and Control, Zhejiang Cancer Center/Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou 310004, China
| | - Ni Li
- National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Zhihua Li
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Cheng
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Dong
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Meng Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuzhuo Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Juncheng Dai
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Hongxia Ma
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Guangfu Jin
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Min Dai
- National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Zhibin Hu
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Hongbing Shen
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
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10
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Donaldson-Collier MC, Sungalee S, Zufferey M, Tavernari D, Katanayeva N, Battistello E, Mina M, Douglass KM, Rey T, Raynaud F, Manley S, Ciriello G, Oricchio E. EZH2 oncogenic mutations drive epigenetic, transcriptional, and structural changes within chromatin domains. Nat Genet 2019; 51:517-528. [PMID: 30692681 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-018-0338-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Chromatin is organized into topologically associating domains (TADs) enriched in distinct histone marks. In cancer, gain-of-function mutations in the gene encoding the enhancer of zeste homolog 2 protein (EZH2) lead to a genome-wide increase in histone-3 Lys27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) associated with transcriptional repression. However, the effects of these epigenetic changes on the structure and function of chromatin domains have not been explored. Here, we found a functional interplay between TADs and epigenetic and transcriptional changes mediated by mutated EZH2. Altered EZH2 (p.Tyr646* (EZH2Y646X)) led to silencing of entire domains, synergistically inactivating multiple tumor suppressors. Intra-TAD gene silencing was coupled with changes of interactions between gene promoter regions. Notably, gene expression and chromatin interactions were restored by pharmacological inhibition of EZH2Y646X. Our results indicate that EZH2Y646X alters the topology and function of chromatin domains to promote synergistic oncogenic programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria C Donaldson-Collier
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), School of Life Science, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Stephanie Sungalee
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), School of Life Science, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marie Zufferey
- Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Daniele Tavernari
- Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Natalya Katanayeva
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), School of Life Science, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Elena Battistello
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), School of Life Science, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marco Mina
- Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kyle M Douglass
- Institute of Physics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Timo Rey
- Institute of Physics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Franck Raynaud
- Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Suliana Manley
- Institute of Physics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Giovanni Ciriello
- Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland. .,Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB), Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Elisa Oricchio
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), School of Life Science, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland.
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11
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Atkinson A, Renziehausen A, Wang H, Lo Nigro C, Lattanzio L, Merlano M, Rao B, Weir L, Evans A, Matin R, Harwood C, Szlosarek P, Pickering JG, Fleming C, Sim VR, Li S, Vasta JT, Raines RT, Boniol M, Thompson A, Proby C, Crook T, Syed N. Collagen Prolyl Hydroxylases Are Bifunctional Growth Regulators in Melanoma. J Invest Dermatol 2018; 139:1118-1126. [PMID: 30452903 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.10.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2017] [Revised: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Appropriate post-translational processing of collagen requires prolyl hydroxylation, catalyzed by collagen prolyl 3-hydroxylase and collagen prolyl 4-hydroxylase, and is essential for normal cell function. Here we have investigated the expression, transcriptional regulation, and function of the collagen prolyl 3-hydroxylase and collagen prolyl 4-hydroxylase families in melanoma. We show that the collagen prolyl 3-hydroxylase family exemplified by Leprel1 and Leprel2 is subject to methylation-dependent transcriptional silencing in primary and metastatic melanoma consistent with a tumor suppressor function. In contrast, although there is transcriptional silencing of P4HA3 in a subset of melanomas, the collagen prolyl 4-hydroxylase family members P4HA1, P4HA2, and P4HA3 are often overexpressed in melanoma, expression being prognostic of worse clinical outcomes. Consistent with tumor suppressor function, ectopic expression of Leprel1 and Leprel2 inhibits melanoma proliferation, whereas P4HA2 and P4HA3 increase proliferation, and particularly invasiveness, of melanoma cells. Pharmacological inhibition with multiple selective collagen prolyl 4-hydroxylase inhibitors reduces proliferation and inhibits invasiveness of melanoma cells. Together, our data identify the collagen prolyl 3-hydroxylase and collagen prolyl 4-hydroxylase families as potentially important regulators of melanoma growth and invasiveness and suggest that selective inhibition of collagen prolyl 4-hydroxylase is an attractive strategy to reduce the invasive properties of melanoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aithne Atkinson
- John Fulcher Brain Tumour Research Laboratory, Imperial College, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Alexander Renziehausen
- John Fulcher Brain Tumour Research Laboratory, Imperial College, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Hexiao Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Cristiana Lo Nigro
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Translational Oncology, S. Croce General Hospital, Cuneo, Italy
| | - Laura Lattanzio
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Translational Oncology, S. Croce General Hospital, Cuneo, Italy
| | - Marco Merlano
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Translational Oncology, S. Croce General Hospital, Cuneo, Italy
| | - Bhavya Rao
- Dundee Cancer Centre, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, UK
| | - Lynda Weir
- Dundee Cancer Centre, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, UK
| | - Alan Evans
- Department of Pathology, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, UK
| | - Rubeta Matin
- Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Catherine Harwood
- Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Peter Szlosarek
- Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Colin Fleming
- Department of Dermatology, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, UK
| | - Van Ren Sim
- Kent Oncology Centre, Maidstone Hospital, Maidstone, UK
| | - Su Li
- Royal Marsden Hospital, Fulham Road, London, UK
| | - James T Vasta
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Ronald T Raines
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA; Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mathieu Boniol
- International Prevention Research Institute, Lyon, France
| | | | - Charlotte Proby
- Dundee Cancer Centre, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, UK; Department of Dermatology, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, UK
| | - Tim Crook
- Department of Oncology, St Luke's Cancer Centre, Royal Surrey County Hospital, Guilford, UK.
| | - Nelofer Syed
- John Fulcher Brain Tumour Research Laboratory, Imperial College, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK.
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12
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Li Y, Chen Y, Ma Y, Nenkov M, Haase D, Petersen I. Collagen prolyl hydroxylase 3 has a tumor suppressive activity in human lung cancer. Exp Cell Res 2017; 363:121-128. [PMID: 29277505 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2017.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Collagen prolyl hydroxylases (P3H) are required for proper collagen biosynthesis. One of the family members P3H3 was downregulated in breast cancer and lymphoma due to DNA methylation. However the role of P3H3 in lung cancer has not yet been elucidated. In this study, we analyzed P3H3 expression in a panel of lung cancer cell lines and primary lung tumors. Epigenetic regulation was explored and the function of P3H3 was investigated by stable transfection and RNA interference. We found that P3H3 was downregulated in 6 out of 10 lung cancer cell lines. A heterogeneous methylation pattern of P3H3 was found in the exon region. In primary lung tumors, immunohistochemistry on tissue microarray (TMA) showed that higher expression of P3H3 was significantly associated with lower tumor N stage and grade (p = 0.035 and p = 0.026, respectively). Ectopic expression of P3H3 inhibited cell proliferation, colony formation, migration as well as invasion, and induced apoptosis together with cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase. Knockdown of P3H3 led to increased migratory and invasive potential. These Phenomena are accompanied by enhanced p21, decreased cyclin A1 levels and increased caspase 3/7 activities. Taken together, we feel that P3H3 is a novel tumor suppressor and its protein expression is inversely related to lymph node metastasis and tumor differentiation in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Li
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Jena, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Yuan Chen
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Jena, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Yunxia Ma
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Jena, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Miljana Nenkov
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Jena, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany.
| | - Daniela Haase
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Jena, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Iver Petersen
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Jena, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany.
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13
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Kappler M, Kotrba J, Kaune T, Bache M, Rot S, Bethmann D, Wichmann H, Güttler A, Bilkenroth U, Horter S, Gallwitz L, Kessler J, Greither T, Taubert H, Eckert AW, Vordermark D. P4HA1: A single-gene surrogate of hypoxia signatures in oral squamous cell carcinoma patients. Clin Transl Radiat Oncol 2017; 5:6-11. [PMID: 29594211 PMCID: PMC5833914 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctro.2017.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Revised: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose Hypoxia gene expression signatures are of high prognostic value for head and neck cancer patients. Recently, the prognostic information of a multiple-gene hypoxia signature was found to be provided by the mRNA level of P4HA1 alone (Tawk et al., 2016). Therefore, we studied the prognostic value of P4HA1 in an independent cohort of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients. Material and methods Frozen tumor samples of 118 adult OSCC patients were analysed for P4HA1 mRNA level by quantitative real-time TaqMan™ PCR analysis. Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox’s regression analysis were performed to characterize the prognostic impact of P4HA1 mRNA level in OSCC patients. Results The analyzed patient cohort was divided into four subgroups according to the quartiles of the P4HA1 mRNA levels. The highest intratumoral P4HA1 mRNA level was significantly correlated with a poor overall survival (RR = 2.2; P = 0.04) and an increased risk of locoregional recurrence (RR = 4.8; P = 0.02). In patients who received radiotherapy (n = 82) highest intratumoral P4HA1 mRNA level was significantly correlated with a poor overall survival (RR = 3.4; P = 0.01) and an increased risk of locoregional recurrence (RR = 10.3; P = 0.005). Moreover, significant correlations between the P4HA1 mRNA level and the mRNA level of several EMT and stem cell markers were found. Conclusions A high P4HA1 mRNA level, as a single-gene surrogate of hypoxia, is an independent prognostic marker for the overall survival and locoregional recurrence of OSCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Kappler
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Plastic Surgery, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Johanna Kotrba
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Plastic Surgery, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Tom Kaune
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Plastic Surgery, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Matthias Bache
- Department of Radiotherapy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Swetlana Rot
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Plastic Surgery, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Daniel Bethmann
- Institute of Pathology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Henri Wichmann
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Plastic Surgery, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Antje Güttler
- Department of Radiotherapy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | | | - Susanne Horter
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Plastic Surgery, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Lisa Gallwitz
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Andrology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Germany
| | - Jacqueline Kessler
- Department of Radiotherapy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Thomas Greither
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Andrology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Germany
| | - Helge Taubert
- Clinic of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alexander W Eckert
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Plastic Surgery, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Dirk Vordermark
- Department of Radiotherapy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
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14
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Sheng X, Wang Z. Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 regulates multiple signaling pathways to promote lung cancer cell proliferation. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:567. [PMID: 27480244 PMCID: PMC4970276 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2632-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) catalyzes the formation of symmetrical dimethylation of arginine residues in proteins. WD repeat domain 77 (WDR77), also known as p44, MEP50, or WD45, forms a stoichiometric complex with PRMT5. The PRMT5/p44 complex is required for cellular proliferation of lung and prostate epithelial cells during earlier stages of development and is re-activated during prostate and lung tumorigenesis. The molecular mechanisms by which PRMT5 and p44 promote cellular proliferation are unknown. METHODS Expression of PRMT5 and p44 in lung and prostate cancer cells was silenced and their target genes were identified. The regulation of target genes was validated in various cancer cells during lung development and tumorigenesis. Altered expression of target genes was achieved by ectopic cDNA expression and shRNA-mediated silencing. RESULTS PRMT5 and p44 regulate expression of a specific set of genes encoding growth and anti-growth factors, including receptor tyrosine kinases and antiproliferative proteins. Genes whose expression was suppressed by PRMT5 and p44 encoded anti-growth factors and inhibited cell growth when ectopically expressed. In contrast, genes whose expression was enhanced by PRMT5 and p44 encoded growth factors and increased cell growth when expressed. Altered expression of target genes is associated with re-activation of PRMT5 and p44 during lung tumorigenesis. CONCLUSIONS Our data provide the molecular basis by which PRMT5 and p44 regulate cell growth and lay a foundation for further investigation of their role in lung tumor initiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiumei Sheng
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province 2012013 China
| | - Zhengxin Wang
- The Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development, Department of Biological Sciences, Clark Atlanta University, 223 James P. Brawley Drive, S.W, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA
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15
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Fang F, Zuo Q, Pilrose J, Wang Y, Shen C, Li M, Wulfridge P, Matei D, Nephew KP. Decitabine reactivated pathways in platinum resistant ovarian cancer. Oncotarget 2014; 5:3579-89. [PMID: 25003579 PMCID: PMC4116504 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.1961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Combination therapy with decitabine, a DNMTi and carboplatin resensitized chemoresistant ovarian cancer (OC) to platinum inducing promising clinical activity. We investigated gene-expression profiles in tumor biopsies to identify decitabine-reactivated pathways associated with clinical response. Gene-expression profiling was performed using RNA from paired tumor biopsies before and 8 days after decitabine from 17 patients with platinum resistant OC. Bioinformatic analysis included unsupervised hierarchical-clustering, pathway and GSEA distinguishing profiles of "responders" (progression-free survival, PFS>6 months) and "non-responders" (PFS< 6 months). Functional validation of selected results was performed in OC cells/tumors. Pre-treatment tumors from responders expressed genes associated with enhanced glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, translational misregulation, decreased ABC transporter expression, TGF-β signaling, and numerous metabolic pathways. Analysis of post-treatment biopsies from responders revealed overexpression of genes associated with reduced Hedgehog pathway signaling, reduced DNA repair/replication, and cancer-associated metabolism. GO and GSEA analyses revealed upregulation of genes associated with glycosaminoglycan binding, cell-matrix adhesion, and cell-substrate adhesion. Computational findings were substantiated by experimental validation of expression of key genes involved in two critical pathways affected by decitabine (TGF-β and Hh). Gene-expression profiling identified specific pathways altered by decitabine and associated with platinum-resensitization and clinical benefit in OC. Our data could influence patient stratification for future studies using epigenetic therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Fang
- Medical Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Qingyao Zuo
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Jay Pilrose
- Medical Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Yinu Wang
- Medical Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Changyu Shen
- Department of Biostatistics, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Computational Biology & Bioinformatics, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Meng Li
- Norris Medical Library, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Phillip Wulfridge
- Medical Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Daniela Matei
- Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- VA Roudebush Hospital, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Kenneth P. Nephew
- Medical Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Bloomington, IN, USA
- Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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16
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Losman JA, Kaelin WG. What a difference a hydroxyl makes: mutant IDH, (R)-2-hydroxyglutarate, and cancer. Genes Dev 2013; 27:836-52. [PMID: 23630074 DOI: 10.1101/gad.217406.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 446] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in metabolic enzymes, including isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) and IDH2, in cancer strongly implicate altered metabolism in tumorigenesis. IDH1 and IDH2 catalyze the interconversion of isocitrate and 2-oxoglutarate (2OG). 2OG is a TCA cycle intermediate and an essential cofactor for many enzymes, including JmjC domain-containing histone demethylases, TET 5-methylcytosine hydroxylases, and EglN prolyl-4-hydroxylases. Cancer-associated IDH mutations alter the enzymes such that they reduce 2OG to the structurally similar metabolite (R)-2-hydroxyglutarate [(R)-2HG]. Here we review what is known about the molecular mechanisms of transformation by mutant IDH and discuss their implications for the development of targeted therapies to treat IDH mutant malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie-Aurore Losman
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
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