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Shiner A, Kiss A, Saednia K, Jerzak KJ, Gandhi S, Lu FI, Emmenegger U, Fleshner L, Lagree A, Alera MA, Bielecki M, Law E, Law B, Kam D, Klein J, Pinard CJ, Shenfield A, Sadeghi-Naini A, Tran WT. Predicting Patterns of Distant Metastasis in Breast Cancer Patients following Local Regional Therapy Using Machine Learning. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1768. [PMID: 37761908 PMCID: PMC10531341 DOI: 10.3390/genes14091768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Up to 30% of breast cancer (BC) patients will develop distant metastases (DM), for which there is no cure. Here, statistical and machine learning (ML) models were developed to estimate the risk of site-specific DM following local-regional therapy. This retrospective study cohort included 175 patients diagnosed with invasive BC who later developed DM. Clinicopathological information was collected for analysis. Outcome variables were the first site of metastasis (brain, bone or visceral) and the time interval (months) to developing DM. Multivariate statistical analysis and ML-based multivariable gradient boosting machines identified factors associated with these outcomes. Machine learning models predicted the site of DM, demonstrating an area under the curve of 0.74, 0.75, and 0.73 for brain, bone and visceral sites, respectively. Overall, most patients (57%) developed bone metastases, with increased odds associated with estrogen receptor (ER) positivity. Human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) positivity and non-anthracycline chemotherapy regimens were associated with a decreased risk of bone DM, while brain metastasis was associated with ER-negativity. Furthermore, non-anthracycline chemotherapy alone was a significant predictor of visceral metastasis. Here, clinicopathologic and treatment variables used in ML prediction models predict the first site of metastasis in BC. Further validation may guide focused patient-specific surveillance practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Shiner
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada; (A.S.)
- Biological Sciences Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Alex Kiss
- Institute of Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Khadijeh Saednia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada; (A.S.)
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Lassonde School of Engineering, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Katarzyna J. Jerzak
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Sonal Gandhi
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Fang-I Lu
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Urban Emmenegger
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Lauren Fleshner
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada; (A.S.)
- Biological Sciences Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Andrew Lagree
- Biological Sciences Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Marie Angeli Alera
- Biological Sciences Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Mateusz Bielecki
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada; (A.S.)
- Biological Sciences Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Ethan Law
- Biological Sciences Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Brianna Law
- Biological Sciences Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Dylan Kam
- Biological Sciences Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Jonathan Klein
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA
| | - Christopher J. Pinard
- Biological Sciences Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Alex Shenfield
- Department of Engineering and Mathematics, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield S1 1WB, UK
| | - Ali Sadeghi-Naini
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada; (A.S.)
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Lassonde School of Engineering, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - William T. Tran
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada; (A.S.)
- Biological Sciences Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
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2
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Mateja KL, Long AS, Hauc SC, Glahn JZ, Weber CF, Junn AH, Juan HY, Bobba PS, Persing JA, Alperovich M. An Online Calculator for Estimating Breast Implant Volume from Imaging. PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY-GLOBAL OPEN 2022; 10:e4273. [PMID: 35450258 PMCID: PMC9015200 DOI: 10.1097/gox.0000000000004273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Breast implant surgery remains one of the most common surgical procedures performed in the United States. Implant exchange can be complicated by unavailability of medical records or implant identification cards. Using chest imaging of 154 breast implants, an algorithm for estimating breast implant volume was generated. Based on four simple measurements and patient body mass index, a free, online calculator was created with a mean error of volume estimate of less than 1 cm3 and a SD of 44 cm3. In instances where a surgeon does not have implant records available but has chest imaging, this online tool can be used to obtain a relatively accurate estimate of implant volume.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirby L. Mateja
- From the Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn
| | - Aaron S. Long
- From the Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn
| | - Sacha C. Hauc
- From the Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn
| | - Joshua Z. Glahn
- From the Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn
| | - Clara F. Weber
- From the Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn
| | - Adam H. Junn
- From the Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn
| | - Hui Yu Juan
- From the Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn
| | - Pratheek S. Bobba
- From the Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn
| | - John A. Persing
- From the Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn
| | - Michael Alperovich
- From the Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn
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Schnitzer ML, Kremer C, Hertel A, Haselmann V, von Münchhausen N, Schoenberg SO, Froelich MF. Economic assessment of molecular imaging in the oncology treatment process. Eur J Radiol 2021; 146:110105. [PMID: 34920293 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2021.110105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The development towards targeted treatments in oncology has been accompanied by significant improvements in molecular imaging. Yet, broad application of novel imaging techniques has partly been slowed down due to economical considerations. Building on the broad positive evidence of its diagnostic accuracy, modelling of effects on long-term costs and effectiveness may help to foster a broader application and acceptance of comprehensive molecular imaging techniques, such as PET/MRI. In this article, common economic evaluation techniques and cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) evaluation methods will be introduced including Markov models and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICER). This is complemented with a review of literature on recently published cost-effectiveness of molecular imaging. Additionally, the strategic relevance of CEAs for the molecular imaging community is discussed and combined with a global outlook.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz L Schnitzer
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Christophe Kremer
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Alexander Hertel
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Verena Haselmann
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University Medicine Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Niklas von Münchhausen
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Stefan O Schoenberg
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Matthias F Froelich
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany.
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Riggio AI, Varley KE, Welm AL. The lingering mysteries of metastatic recurrence in breast cancer. Br J Cancer 2021; 124:13-26. [PMID: 33239679 PMCID: PMC7782773 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-020-01161-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 235] [Impact Index Per Article: 78.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite being the hallmark of cancer that is responsible for the highest number of deaths, very little is known about the biology of metastasis. Metastatic disease typically manifests after a protracted period of undetectable disease following surgery or systemic therapy, owing to relapse or recurrence. In the case of breast cancer, metastatic relapse can occur months to decades after initial diagnosis and treatment. In this review, we provide an overview of the known key factors that influence metastatic recurrence, with the goal of highlighting the critical unanswered questions that still need to be addressed to make a difference in the mortality of breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra I Riggio
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Katherine E Varley
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Alana L Welm
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
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Manohar P, Ramsey S, Shankaran V. Economic Impact of Imaging Overutilization in Cancer Care. J Am Coll Radiol 2020; 17:137-140. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jacr.2019.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Kyriazoglou A, Zagouri F, Fotiou D, Dimitrakakis C, Marinopoulos S, Zakopoulou R, Kaparelou M, Zygogianni A, Dimopoulos MA. Discrepancies of current recommendations in breast cancer follow-up: a systematic review. Breast Cancer 2019; 26:681-686. [PMID: 30887287 DOI: 10.1007/s12282-019-00963-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Management and optimal follow-up of early breast cancer survivors remain up to this day a challenge due to the lack of well-established guidelines. Multiple medical societies, organizations and working groups have provided recommendations for follow-up but there is no uniform, globally approved algorithm to guide clinical practice. METHODS A systematic review was performed to identify and evaluate discrepancies between available guidelines for the follow-up of breast cancer survivors. RESULTS Differences in the follow-up schedule, laboratory and imaging investigations were noted. In the clinical practice setting, the situation is complicated further by clinicians who often request unnecessary tests not currently incorporated in any of the existing guidelines. CONCLUSIONS Follow-up of patients with early breast cancer needs to become standardized and prospective clinical trials focusing on optimal follow-up are more than mandatory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasios Kyriazoglou
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, General Hospital Alexandra, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece.
| | - Flora Zagouri
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, General Hospital Alexandra, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Despina Fotiou
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, General Hospital Alexandra, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Spyros Marinopoulos
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, General Hospital Alexandra, Athens, Greece
| | - Roubini Zakopoulou
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, General Hospital Alexandra, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Kaparelou
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, General Hospital Alexandra, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Anna Zygogianni
- Department of Radiology, General Hospital Aretaieion, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Meletios Athanasios Dimopoulos
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, General Hospital Alexandra, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
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Abraha I, Serraino D, Montedori A, Fusco M, Giovannini G, Casucci P, Cozzolino F, Orso M, Granata A, De Giorgi M, Collarile P, Chiari R, Foglietta J, Vitale MF, Stracci F, Orlandi W, Bidoli E. Sensitivity and specificity of breast cancer ICD-9-CM codes in three Italian administrative healthcare databases: a diagnostic accuracy study. BMJ Open 2018; 8:e020627. [PMID: 30037866 PMCID: PMC6059298 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-020627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the accuracy of International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) codes in identifying patients diagnosed with incident carcinoma in situ and invasive breast cancer in three Italian administrative databases. DESIGN A diagnostic accuracy study comparing ICD-9-CM codes for carcinoma in situ (233.0) and for invasive breast cancer (174.x) with medical chart (as a reference standard). Case definition: (1) presence of a primary nodular lesion in the breast and (2) cytological or histological documentation of cancer from a primary or metastatic site. SETTING Administrative databases from Umbria Region, Azienda Sanitaria Locale (ASL) Napoli 3 Sud (NA) and Friuli VeneziaGiulia (FVG) Region. PARTICIPANTS Women with breast carcinoma in situ (n=246) or invasive breast cancer (n=384) diagnosed (in primary position) between 2012 and 2014. OUTCOME MEASURES Sensitivity and specificity for codes 233.0 and 174.x. RESULTS For invasive breast cancer the sensitivities were 98% (95% CI 93% to 99%) for Umbria, 96% (95% CI 91% to 99%) for NA and 100% (95% CI 97% to 100%) for FVG. Specificities were 90% (95% CI 82% to 95%) for Umbria, 91% (95% CI 83% to 96%) for NA and 91% (95% CI 84% to 96%) for FVG.For carcinoma in situ the sensitivities were 100% (95% CI 93% to 100%) for Umbria, 100% (95% CI 95% to 100%) for NA and 100% (95% CI 96% to 100%) for FVG. Specificities were 98% (95% CI 93% to 100%) for Umbria, 86% (95% CI 78% to 92%) for NA and 90% (95% CI 82% to 95%) for FVG. CONCLUSIONS Administrative healthcare databases from Umbria, NA and FVG are accurate in identifying hospitalised news cases of carcinoma of the breast. The proposed case definition is a powerful tool to perform research on large populations of newly diagnosed patients with breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iosief Abraha
- Health Planning Service, Regional Health Authority of Umbria, Perugia, Italy
- Innovation and Development, Agenzia Nazionale per i Servizi Sanitari Regionali (Age.Na.S.), Rome, Italy
| | - Diego Serraino
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico Aviano, Aviano, Italy
| | | | - Mario Fusco
- Registro Tumori Regione Campania, ASL Napoli 3 Sud, Brusciano, Italy
| | - Gianni Giovannini
- Health Planning Service, Regional Health Authority of Umbria, Perugia, Italy
| | - Paola Casucci
- Health ICT Service, Regional Health Authority of Umbria, Perugia, Italy
| | - Francesco Cozzolino
- Health Planning Service, Regional Health Authority of Umbria, Perugia, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Orso
- Health Planning Service, Regional Health Authority of Umbria, Perugia, Italy
| | - Annalisa Granata
- Health ICT Service, Regional Health Authority of Umbria, Perugia, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Collarile
- SOC Epidemiologia Oncologica, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico Aviano, Aviano, Italy
| | - Rita Chiari
- Dipartimento di Oncologia, Azienda Ospedaliera Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Walter Orlandi
- Direzione Sanità, Regional Health Authority of Umbria, Perugia, Italy
| | - Ettore Bidoli
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico Aviano, Aviano, Italy
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Abdel-Rahman O. Population-based validation of the National Cancer Comprehensive Network recommendations for breast cancer staging. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2018; 172:231-238. [PMID: 30022329 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-018-4893-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the current study is to evaluate the performance characteristics of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) staging recommendations for breast cancer with regard to the detection of lung, bone, and liver metastases. METHODS Surveillance, epidemiology, and end points (SEER) database (2010-2015) was accessed, and patients with breast cancer and complete information about T stage and clinical N stage, ER status, Her2 status, and metastatic sites were extracted. Performance characteristics evaluated for the current study included sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), number needed to investigate (NNI), and accuracy. RESULTS A total of 239,196 patients were included in the analysis. For the overall cohort, the required PPV (for the recognition of lung metastases) is 10.6% and NNI to detect one case of lung metastasis is 9.4. Likewise, PPV (for the recognition of bone metastases) is 18.6% and NNI to detect one case of bone metastasis is 5.3. Moreover, PPV (for the recognition of liver metastases) is 7.6% and NNI to detect one case of liver metastasis is 13.1. When changing the threshold for baseline imaging to includeT2N1 patients, a better balance between sensitivity and specificity among ER+/Her2- patients (> 92% for both sensitivity and specificity for the three metastatic sites) was observed. On the other hand, the proposed change improved sensitivity while it lowers significantly the specificity among Her2+ and triple negative subtypes (specificity < 84% for Her2+ disease for the three metastatic sites; specificity < 87% for triple negative disease for the three metastatic sites). CONCLUSION The current NCCN recommendations for breast cancer staging have an excellent NPV and miss only few patients with lung, liver, or bone metastases. Future studies incorporating the subtype of breast cancer as a determinant of staging pathway is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Abdel-Rahman
- Clinical Oncology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt. .,Department of Oncology, Tom Baker Cancer Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 1N4, Canada.
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9
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Change of paradigm in treating elderly with breast cancer: are we undertreating elderly patients? Ir J Med Sci 2018; 188:379-388. [DOI: 10.1007/s11845-018-1851-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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10
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Sharmiladevi P, Haribabu V, Girigoswami K, Sulaiman Farook A, Girigoswami A. Effect of Mesoporous Nano Water Reservoir on MR Relaxivity. Sci Rep 2017; 7:11179. [PMID: 28894269 PMCID: PMC5593907 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11710-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present work, an attempt was made to engineer a mesoporous silica coated magnetic nanoparticles (MNF@mSiO2) for twin mode contrast in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with reduced toxicity. Superparamagnetic manganese ferrite nanoparticles were synthesized with variable mesoporous silica shell thickness to control the water molecules interacting with metal oxide core. 178 nm was the optimum hydrodynamic diameter of mesoporous ferrite core-shell nanoparticles that showed maximum longitudinal relaxation time (T1) and transverse relaxation time (T2) in MRI due to the storage of water molecules in mesoporous silica coating. Besides the major role of mesoporous silica in controlling relaxivity, mesoporous silica shell also reduces the toxicity and enhances the bioavailability of superparamagnetic manganese ferrite nanoparticles. The in vitro toxicity assessment using HepG2 liver carcinoma cells shows that the mesoporous silica coating over ferrite nanoparticles could exert less toxicity compared to the uncoated particle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palani Sharmiladevi
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research & Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai, 603 103, India
| | - Viswanathan Haribabu
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research & Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai, 603 103, India
| | - Koyeli Girigoswami
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research & Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai, 603 103, India
| | - Abubacker Sulaiman Farook
- Department of Radiology, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Kelambakkam, Chennai, 603 103, India
| | - Agnishwar Girigoswami
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research & Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai, 603 103, India.
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