1
|
Rafii H, Garnier F, Ruggeri A, Ionescu I, Ballot C, Bensoussan D, Chabannon C, Dazey B, De Vos J, Gautier E, Giraud C, Larghero J, Cras A, Mialou V, Persoons V, Pouthier F, Thibert JB, Dalle JH, Michel G, Kenzey C, Volt F, Rocha V, Bay JO, Rubio MT, Faucher C, Marry E, Gluckman E. Umbilical cord blood transplants facilitated by the French cord blood banks network. On behalf of the Agency of Biomedicine, Eurocord and the French society of bone marrow transplant and cell therapy (SFGM-TC). Bone Marrow Transplant 2021; 56:2497-2509. [PMID: 33990703 PMCID: PMC8120495 DOI: 10.1038/s41409-021-01313-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The public French Cord Blood Banks Network was established in 1999 with the objective of standardizing the practices governing umbilical cord blood (UCB) banking in France. The Network adopted a strategy to optimize its inventory and improve the quality of its banked units based on a quality improvement process using outcome data regularly provided by Eurocord. This study aimed to describe the results, over 10 years, of UCBT facilitated by a national network that used the same criteria of UCB collection and banking and to assess how modifications of banking criteria and unit selection might influence transplant outcomes. Nine hundred and ninety-nine units (593 single-unit and 203 double-unit grafts) were released by the Network to transplant 796 patients with malignant (83%) and non-malignant (17%) diseases. Median cell dose exceeded 3.5 × 107 TNC/kg in 86%. There was a trend to select units more recently collected and with higher cell dose. Neutrophil engraftment was 88.2% (85.7-90.7) and 79.3% (72.6-86.5) respectively for malignant and non-malignant diseases with a trend to faster recovery with higher cell doses. The respective 3-year transplant-related mortality were 31.1% (27.5-35.1) and 34.3% (27.0-43.5). OS was 49% ± 4 in malignant and 62% ± 4 in non-malignant disorders. In multivariate analysis, cell dose was the only unit-related factor associated with outcomes. Our results reflect the benefit on clinical outcomes of the strategy adopted by the Network to bank units with higher cell counts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanadi Rafii
- Eurocord, Hopital Saint-Louis, AP-HP, Institut de Recherche de Saint-Louis (IRSL) EA3518, Université de Paris, Paris, France.
- Monacord, Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Monaco, Monaco.
| | | | - Annalisa Ruggeri
- Eurocord, Hopital Saint-Louis, AP-HP, Institut de Recherche de Saint-Louis (IRSL) EA3518, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Haematology and Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Irina Ionescu
- Agency of Biomedecine, Saint Denis La Plaine, France
| | - Caroline Ballot
- Cell Therapy unit, Etablissement Français du Sang Hauts de France Normandie, site de LILLE - Belfort, Lille, France
| | - Danièle Bensoussan
- Tissue Engineering and Cell Therapy unit, Regional University hospital, Nancy, France
| | - Christian Chabannon
- Paoli-Calmettes Institute, Departement of Cancer Biology, Inserm CBT1409, Marseille, France
| | - Bernard Dazey
- Cell Therapy unit, Etablissement Français du Sang, Bordeaux, France
| | - John De Vos
- Cell Therapy unit, University hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - Eric Gautier
- Cell Therapy unit, Etablissement Français du Sang, Créteil, France
| | - Christine Giraud
- Department of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Etablissement Français du Sang, University hospital, Poitiers, France
| | - Jérome Larghero
- Cell Therapy Unit and Cord Blood Bank, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris, France
| | - Audrey Cras
- Cell Therapy Unit and Cord Blood Bank, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris, France
| | - Valérie Mialou
- Cell Therapy unit, Etablissement Français du Sang, hopital E. Herriot, Lyon, France
| | - Virginie Persoons
- Cell Therapy and Tissue Engineering unit, Etablissement Français du Sang, Grenoble, France
| | - Fabienne Pouthier
- Cell and Tissue Engineering unit, Etablissement Francais du Sang, Besançon, France
| | | | - Jean-Hugues Dalle
- Hopital Robert Debré, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Gerard Michel
- Aix-Marseille University and La Timone Children's Hospital, Marseille, France
| | - Chantal Kenzey
- Eurocord, Hopital Saint-Louis, AP-HP, Institut de Recherche de Saint-Louis (IRSL) EA3518, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Monacord, Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Monaco, Monaco
| | - Fernanda Volt
- Eurocord, Hopital Saint-Louis, AP-HP, Institut de Recherche de Saint-Louis (IRSL) EA3518, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Monacord, Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Monaco, Monaco
| | - Vanderson Rocha
- Eurocord, Hopital Saint-Louis, AP-HP, Institut de Recherche de Saint-Louis (IRSL) EA3518, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Department of Hematology, Clinics Hospital, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jacques-Olivier Bay
- Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Clermont University, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Marie-Thérèse Rubio
- Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, regional university hospital, Nancy, France
| | | | - Evelyne Marry
- Agency of Biomedecine, Saint Denis La Plaine, France
| | - Eliane Gluckman
- Eurocord, Hopital Saint-Louis, AP-HP, Institut de Recherche de Saint-Louis (IRSL) EA3518, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Monacord, Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Monaco, Monaco
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Querol S, Rubinstein P, Madrigal A. The wider perspective: cord blood banks and their future prospects. Br J Haematol 2021; 195:507-517. [PMID: 33877692 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.17468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Over the past three decades, cord blood transplantation (CBT) has established its role as an alternative allograft stem cell source. But the future of stored CB units should be to extend their use in updated transplant approaches and develop new CB applications. Thus, CBT will require a coordinated, multicentric, review of transplantation methods and an upgrade and realignment of banking resources and operations. Significant improvements have already been proposed to support the clinical perspective including definition of the cellular threshold for engraftment, development of transplantation methods for adult patients, engraftment acceleration with single cell expansion and homing technologies, personalised protocols to improve efficacy, use of adoptive cell therapy to mitigate delayed immune reconstitution, and further enhancement of the graft-versus-leukaemia effect using advanced therapies. The role of CB banks in improving transplantation results are also critical by optimizing the collection, processing, storage and characterization of CB units, and improving reproducibility, efficiency and cost of banking. But future developments beyond transplantation are needed. This implies the extension from transplantation banks to banks that support cell therapy, regenerative medicine and specialized transfusion medicine. This new "CB banking 2.0" concept will require promotion of international scientific and technical collaborations between bank specialists, clinical investigators and transplant physicians.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Querol
- Cell Therapy Services and Cord Blood Bank, Catalan Blood and Tissue Bank, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Little AM, Akbarzad-Yousefi A, Anand A, Diaz Burlinson N, Dunn PPJ, Evseeva I, Latham K, Poulton K, Railton D, Vivers S, Wright PA. BSHI guideline: HLA matching and donor selection for haematopoietic progenitor cell transplantation. Int J Immunogenet 2021; 48:75-109. [PMID: 33565720 DOI: 10.1111/iji.12527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
A review of the British Society for Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics (BSHI) Guideline 'HLA matching and donor selection for haematopoietic progenitor cell transplantation' published in 2016 was undertaken by a BSHI appointed writing committee. Literature searches were performed and the data extracted were presented as recommendations according to the GRADE nomenclature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ann-Margaret Little
- Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics Laboratory, Gartnavel General Hospital, Glasgow, UK.,Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Arash Akbarzad-Yousefi
- Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics Laboratory, NHS Blood and Transplant, Newcastle-Upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Arthi Anand
- Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics Laboratory, North West London Pathology, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | | | - Paul P J Dunn
- Transplant Laboratory University Hospitals of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UK.,Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | | | - Katy Latham
- Cellular and Molecular Therapies, NHS Blood and Transplant, Bristol, UK
| | - Kay Poulton
- Transplantation Laboratory, Manchester Royal Infirmary, Manchester, UK
| | - Dawn Railton
- Tissue Typing Laboratory, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Paul A Wright
- Transplantation Laboratory, Manchester Royal Infirmary, Manchester, UK
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Scaradavou A. Cord blood beyond transplantation: can we use the experience to advance all cell therapies? Br J Haematol 2021; 194:14-27. [PMID: 33529385 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.17297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Unrelated cord blood (CB) units, already manufactured, fully tested and stored, are high-quality products for haematopoietic stem cell transplantation and cell therapies, as well as an optimal starting material for cell expansion, cell engineering or cell re-programming technologies. CB banks have been pioneers in the development and implementation of Current Good Manufacturing Practices for cell-therapy products. Sharing their technological and regulatory experience will help advance all cell therapies, CB-derived or not, particularly as they transition from autologous, individually manufactured products to stored, 'off-the shelf' treatments. Such strategies will allow broader patient access and wide product utilisation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andromachi Scaradavou
- Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapies, Memorial Sloan Kettering (MSK) Kids, MSK Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Jahan S, Kaushal R, Pasha R, Pineault N. Current and Future Perspectives for the Cryopreservation of Cord Blood Stem Cells. Transfus Med Rev 2021; 35:95-102. [PMID: 33640254 DOI: 10.1016/j.tmrv.2021.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplantation is a well-established procedure for the treatment of many blood related malignancies and disorders. Before transplantation, HSC are collected and cryopreserved until use. The method of cryopreservation should preserve both the number and function of HSC and downstream progenitors responsible for long- and short-term engraftment, respectively. This is especially critical for cord blood grafts, since the cell number associated with this stem cell source is often limiting. Loss of function in cryopreserved cells occurs following cryoinjuries due to osmotic shock, dehydration, solution effects and mechanical damage from ice recrystallization during freezing and thawing. However, cryoinjuries can be reduced by 2 mitigation strategies; the use of cryoprotectants (CPAs) and use of control rate cooling. Currently, slow cooling is the most common method used for the cryopreservation of HSC graft. Moreover, dimethyl-sulfoxide (DMSO) and dextran are popular intracellular and extracellular CPAs used for HSC grafts, respectively. Yet, DMSO is toxic to cells and can cause significant side effects in stem cells' recipients. However, new CPAs and strategies are emerging that may soon replace DMSO. The aim of this review is to summarise key concepts in cryobiology and recent advances in the field of HSC cryobiology. Other important issues that need to be considered are also discussed such as transient warming events and thawing of HSC grafts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suria Jahan
- Canadian Blood Services, Centre for Innovation, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology department, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Richa Kaushal
- Canadian Blood Services, Centre for Innovation, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology department, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Roya Pasha
- Canadian Blood Services, Centre for Innovation, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nicolas Pineault
- Canadian Blood Services, Centre for Innovation, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology department, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
High Integrity and Fidelity of Long-Term Cryopreserved Umbilical Cord Blood for Transplantation. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10020293. [PMID: 33466868 PMCID: PMC7830419 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10020293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Umbilical cord blood (UCB) is used as a source of donor cells for hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplantation. The success of transplantation is dependent on the quality of cord blood (CB) units for maximizing the chance of engraftment. Improved outcomes following transplantation are associated with certain factors of cryopreserved CB units: total volume and total nucleated cell (TNC) count, mononuclear cell (MNC) count, and CD34+ cell count. The role of the storage period of CB units in determining the viability and counts of cells is less clear and is related to the quality of cryopreserved CB units. Herein, we demonstrate the recovery of viable TNCs and CD34+ cells, as well as the MNC viability in 20-year-old cryopreserved CB units in a CB bank (MEDIPOST Co., Ltd., Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea). In addition, cell populations in CB units were evaluated for future clinical applications. The stable recovery rate of the viability of cryopreserved CB that had been stored for up to 20 years suggested the possibility of uses of the long-term cryopreservation of CB units. Similar relationships were observed in the recovery of TNCs and CD34+ cells in units of cryopreserved and fresh CB. The high-viability recovery of long-term cryopreserved CB suggests that successful hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplantation and other clinical applications, which are suitable for treating incurable diseases, may be performed regardless of long-term storage.
Collapse
|
7
|
Xinxin L, Crovetto F, González A, Cuadras D, Sanchez M, Azqueta C, Farssac E, Torrabadella M, Querol S, Gomez-Roig MD. Prenatal selection of cord blood donors according to the estimated fetal weight percentile and new approaches; results of a prospective cohort study. Transfusion 2020; 61:1215-1221. [PMID: 33277929 DOI: 10.1111/trf.16215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Umbilical cord blood (UCB) donation is becoming inefficient and we recently proposed the estimated fetal weight percentile (EFWp) ≥60th as a predictor for a prenatal selection of donors. The aim of this study is to prospectively validate this and to identify new potential prenatal predictive parameters. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Prospective cohort study of low-risk pregnancies undergoing third trimester ultrasound, whose UCB was collected at delivery (2016-2018) and compared with a historical cohort (2013-2016, N = 869). Several ultrasound parameters (EFWp, amniotic fluid, Doppler evaluation, placental thickness) were assessed ultrasound and perinatal data were collected. The association with standard of high quality of UCB was assessed by logistic regression analysis. RESULTS Among 297 cases, 161 (54%) were selected according to the EFWp ≥60th for UCB units' collection. Cellular criteria for banking was achieved in 27 cases (16.8%), with an average increase of 1.7 times compared to the historical cohort (9.8%, P = .009). Selecting donors according to the 60th EFWp resulted in a higher probability of collecting clinical suitable UCB (P = .025). Among prenatal and perinatal parameters, EFWp, amniotic fluid, umbilical vein (UV) velocity, newborn weight and percentile and placental weight were significantly associated with a higher cellular content. At logistic regression analysis, significant contributors of UCB collection, were EFWp at 37-38 weeks ultrasound (OR 1.04; 95% CI: 1-1.08; P = .042) and UV velocity (OR 1.14; 95% CI: 1-1.29; P = .037). CONCLUSION The evaluation of the EFWp equal or above 60 and the increased UV velocity can result in higher efficiency of public UCB donation programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Xinxin
- BCNatal - Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Sant Joan de Deu and Hospital Clínic), IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesca Crovetto
- BCNatal - Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Sant Joan de Deu and Hospital Clínic), IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alba González
- BCNatal - Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Sant Joan de Deu and Hospital Clínic), IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Cuadras
- Statistics Department, Sant Joan de Déu Foundation, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mar Sanchez
- Programa Concordia Banc de Sang i Teixits, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carmen Azqueta
- Programa Concordia Banc de Sang i Teixits, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Sergio Querol
- Programa Concordia Banc de Sang i Teixits, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Dolores Gomez-Roig
- BCNatal - Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Sant Joan de Deu and Hospital Clínic), IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IR-SJD), Barcelona, Spain.,Maternal and Child Health ans Development Network (SAMID), Barakaldo, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Duggleby RC, Tsang HP, Strange K, McWhinnie A, Lamikanra AA, Roberts DJ, Hernandez D, Madrigal JA, Danby RD. Enumerating regulatory T cells in cryopreserved umbilical cord blood samples using FOXP3 methylation specific quantitative PCR. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0240190. [PMID: 33095809 PMCID: PMC7584164 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0240190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allogeneic haematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is a curative therapy for severe haematological disorders. However, it carries significant risk of morbidity and mortality. To improve patient outcomes, better graft selection strategies are needed, incorporating HLA matching with clinically important graft characteristics. Studies have shown that the cellular content of HCT grafts, specifically higher ratios of T regulatory (Tregs)/T cells, are important factors influencing outcomes when using adult peripheral blood mobilised grafts. So far, no equivalent study exists in umbilical cord blood (CB) transplantation due to the limitations of cryopreserved CB samples. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS To establish the most robust and efficient way to measure the Treg content of previously cryopreserved CB units, we compared the enumeration of Treg and CD3+ cells using flow cytometry and an epigenetic, DNA-based methodology. The two methods were assessed for their agreement, consistency and susceptibility to error when enumerating Treg and CD3+ cell numbers in both fresh and cryopreserved CB samples. RESULTS Epigenetic enumeration gave consistent and comparable results in both fresh and frozen CB samples. By contrast, assessment of Tregs and CD3+ cells by flow cytometry was only possible in fresh samples due to significant cell death following cryopreservation and thawing. CONCLUSION Epigenetic assessment offers significant advantages over flow cytometry for analysing cryopreserved CB; similar cell numbers were observed both in fresh and frozen samples. Furthermore, multiple epigenetic assessments can be performed from DNA extracted from small cryopreserved CB segments; often the only CB sample available for clinical studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard C. Duggleby
- Anthony Nolan Research Institute, London, United Kingdom
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Hoi Pat Tsang
- National Health Service Blood and Transplant, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Kathryn Strange
- Anthony Nolan Research Institute, London, United Kingdom
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Abigail A. Lamikanra
- National Health Service Blood and Transplant, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - David J. Roberts
- National Health Service Blood and Transplant, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Diana Hernandez
- Anthony Nolan Research Institute, London, United Kingdom
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - J. Alejandro Madrigal
- Anthony Nolan Research Institute, London, United Kingdom
- UCL Cancer Institute, Royal Free NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Robert D. Danby
- Anthony Nolan Research Institute, London, United Kingdom
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Haematology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Beltrame L. Values in tension. Clinical quality and civic participation in umbilical cord blood banking in Italy. SOCIOLOGY OF HEALTH & ILLNESS 2020; 42:689-704. [PMID: 31845346 DOI: 10.1111/1467-9566.13049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In the dominant narrative of bioethics and biomedical discourse on public Umbilical Cord Blood (UCB) banking, the ethical value of donating UCB is unproblematically associated with the clinical quality of collected UCB. This article shows that this view is analytically untenable as it overlooks tensions and conflicts between the social values of donation and the clinical value of banked UCB in concrete arrangements regarding the logistics of UCB donation and collection. Adopting the notion of registers of valuing (Heuts and Mol 2013: Valuation Studies, 1, 2, 125-46) and analysing the case of the Italian network of public UCB banks and collection sites, this article shows how conflicting registers of valuing concerning UCB can shape different organisational models of UCB donation and collection, in which social values and clinical value are not unproblematically conflated. The article aims to demonstrate that the functioning of biobanking arrangements is dependent on how different values are accomplished and aligned in concrete practices of tissue donation and collection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Beltrame
- Department of Sociology and Social Research, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Casteleiro Costa P, Ledwig P, Bergquist A, Kurtzberg J, Robles FE. Noninvasive white blood cell quantification in umbilical cord blood collection bags with quantitative oblique back-illumination microscopy. Transfusion 2020; 60:588-597. [PMID: 32056228 DOI: 10.1111/trf.15704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Umbilical cord blood has become an important source of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells for therapeutic applications. However, cord blood banking (CBB) grapples with issues related to economic viability, partially due to high discard rates of cord blood units (CBUs) that lack sufficient total nucleated cells for storage or therapeutic use. Currently, there are no methods available to assess the likelihood of CBUs meeting storage criteria noninvasively at the collection site, which would improve CBB efficiency and economic viability. MATERIALS AND METHODS To overcome this limitation, we apply a novel label-free optical imaging method, called quantitative oblique back-illumination microscopy (qOBM), which yields tomographic phase and absorption contrast to image blood inside collection bags. An automated segmentation algorithm was developed to count white blood cells and red blood cells (RBCs) and assess hematocrit. Fifteen CBUs were measured. RESULTS qOBM clearly differentiates between RBCs and nucleated cells. The cell-counting analysis shows an average error of 13% compared to hematology analysis, with a near-perfect, one-to-one relationship (slope = 0.94) and strong correlation coefficient (r = 0.86). Preliminary results to assess hematocrit also show excellent agreement with expected values. Acquisition times to image a statistically significant number of cells per CBU were approximately 1 minute. CONCLUSION qOBM exhibits robust performance for quantifying blood inside collection bags. Because the approach is automated and fast, it can potentially quantify CBUs within minutes of collection, without breaching the CBUs' sterile environment. qOBM can reduce costs in CBB by avoiding processing expenses of CBUs that ultimately do not meet storage criteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paloma Casteleiro Costa
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Patrick Ledwig
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Austin Bergquist
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Joanne Kurtzberg
- Carolinas Cord Blood Bank, Durham, North Carolina.,Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Francisco E Robles
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia.,Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kilbride P, Meneghel J, Lamb S, Morris J, Pouzet J, Jurgielewicz M, Leonforte C, Gibson D, Madrigal A. Recovery and Post-Thaw Assessment of Human Umbilical Cord Blood Cryopreserved as Quality Control Segments and Bulk Samples. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2019; 25:2447-2453. [PMID: 31499214 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2019.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Quality control (QC) segments conjoined to a bulk sample container are used to evaluate the viability and quality of cryopreserved umbilical cord blood (UCB). Such QC segments are typically attached lengths of sealed tubing that are cooled concurrently with the bulk sample, both containing material from the same donor. QC segments are thawed independently of the bulk sample to assess the quality of the cryopreserved product. In current practice, there is typically post-thaw variation between the QC segment and the bulk sample which if suggestive of inadequate performance, could lead to material being needlessly discarded. In this study, these performance differences were quantified. Two cooling protocols in common use, 1 with and 1 without a "plunge" step to induce ice nucleation, gave equivalent results that maintained the QC segment versus bulk sample differences. Ice nucleated at significantly lower temperatures in the QC segments compared with the bulk samples, a consequence of their lower volume, thereby enhancing damaging osmotic stress. A reduction in total viable cells of approximately 10% was recorded in the QC segments compared with comparable bulk samples. It has been shown that CD45+ cells are more adversely impacted by this lower ice nucleation temperature than CD34+ cells, which can result in altered composition of the post-thaw cell population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Kilbride
- Asymptote, General Electric Healthcare, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
| | - Julie Meneghel
- Asymptote, General Electric Healthcare, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen Lamb
- Asymptote, General Electric Healthcare, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - John Morris
- Asymptote, General Electric Healthcare, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jerome Pouzet
- General Electric Healthcare, Biosafe SA, Eysins, Switzerland
| | - Monika Jurgielewicz
- Anthony Nolan Cell Therapy Centre, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher Leonforte
- Anthony Nolan Cell Therapy Centre, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Gibson
- Anthony Nolan Cell Therapy Centre, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Alejandro Madrigal
- Anthony Nolan Cell Therapy Centre, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Sward LB, McKelvey SS, Pollack SL, Badger PD, Ounpraseuth ST, Cottler-Fox M. A hands-on resident umbilical cord blood educational curriculum compared to online education of post-residency obstetricians: comparison of the volume of collected cord blood units. Transfusion 2019; 59:2150-2154. [PMID: 30848511 DOI: 10.1111/trf.15238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Umbilical cord blood unit (CBU) volume is a predictor of its later clinical utility. Many studies suggest the need to increase the volume of CBU collected, but most obstetrical providers receive no formal collection training. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS We designed and implemented an educational curriculum for obstetrics residents aimed at improving collection methods and increasing CBU volumes (CBUV). Residents were required to attend grand rounds and interactive didactic sessions on CBU collection followed by work with a simulated collection kit and then performed training collections under observation by a trained collector. Residents completed a self-assessment after each collection and received immediate personal feedback. Outside providers (non-UAMS physicians) received written instructional materials with the collection kits and had access to online training materials. They received feedback regarding their collection via standard mail. CBU donated to Cord Blood Bank of Arkansas for public use from 2014-2016 were analyzed. CBUV from residents were compared to those from outside providers. RESULTS After adjusting for maternal age and race, infant gender, gestational age, and birth weight, the least-squared mean CBUV was 92.1 mL for UAMS collections and 65.5 mL for outside provider collections. The improved CBUV of UAMS providers is statistically significant (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION Our educational intervention was successful, and we believe that it can be replicated in other obstetrical residency programs. Cord blood collection education involving hands-on training with a model and immediate feedback improves CBUV, decreases kit waste, increases likelihood of CBU storage, and, therefore, inventory for transplantation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey B Sward
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Samantha S McKelvey
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Stacy L Pollack
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Plummer D Badger
- Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Songthip T Ounpraseuth
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Michele Cottler-Fox
- Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Simard C, Bonnaure G, Fournier D, Néron S. An objective flow cytometry method to rapidly determine cord blood potency in cryopreserved units. Transfusion 2019; 59:2074-2083. [PMID: 30802338 DOI: 10.1111/trf.15220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cord blood banks have to determine the regenerative potential of cord blood units (CBUs) on a representative sample of the cryopreserved product before release to the transplant center. Potency can be measured by using a colony-forming unit (CFU) method, which delays the release of CBU by 7 to 14 days. To accelerate CBU qualification, we have developed a rapid method to assess the response of CD34 cells to interleukin (IL)-3. Flow cytometry was used to measure IL-3-induced STAT5 phosphorylation within CD34-cells. This IL-3 test was compared to the CFU method, as well as the aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) enzyme-based assay. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Ten cryopreserved CBUs were analyzed for their contents in CD34 and CD45 viable cells, total CFUs, ADLHbright cells, and IL-3-responsive CD34+ cells. Extreme and mild warming event scenarios were simulated on CBUs and used as poor-quality samples. Segments, tubes, and bags from five CBUs were compared for their potency using IL-3 and CFU methods. RESULTS The IL-3 test was accurate in identifying the samples handled following standard operating procedures and those subjected to extreme warming events. Based on these results, a threshold of 55% of IL-3-responsive CD34 cells was established to identify good-quality samples. The IL-3 test was also the most sensitive to detect samples subjected to milder warming events. CONCLUSIONS Our new method for determining CBU functionality is rapid, unbiased, and robust. The IL-3 test described herein fulfills the requirements for validation, and we intend to implement this method in our cord blood bank facility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carl Simard
- Medical Affairs and Innovation, Héma-Québec, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Diane Fournier
- Public Cord Blood Bank, Héma-Québec, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sonia Néron
- Medical Affairs and Innovation, Héma-Québec, Québec, Québec, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Bio-informatics, Laval University, Québec, Québec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Maeng JY, Kim SY, An BY, Kim S, Lee JL, Oh IH, Kim TG. Comparison and correlation among in vitro and in vivo assays to assess cord blood quality according to delivery temperature and time after collection. Transfus Apher Sci 2019; 58:475-483. [PMID: 31147270 DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2019.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Cord blood (CB) has been used as an alternative source for unrelated allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. To determine which assay was useful for predicting the successful outcome of CB transplantation, CBs were grouped according to the temperature (4 °C, 24 °C, and 37 °C) and time (24, 48, and 72 h) after collection. The viability, early apoptosis, and colony forming units (CFUs) were ascertained for the total nucleated cells (TNCs) and CD34+ cells; in addition, the engraftment of infused CD34+ cells in NSG mice was determined. The viability of the TNCs and CD34+ cells and total CFUs were significantly decreased whereas the early apoptosis was significantly increased in the 72 h group at 37 °C compared to that of the 24 h group at 24 °C. The viability and early apoptosis of the TNCs correlated with those of CD34+ cells. In addition, the viability and early apoptosis correlated with the number of granulocyte/monocyte progenitor CFUs. In transplanted NSG mice, the frequency of human CD45+ cells decreased in the 72 h group at 24 °C compared to that of the 24 h group at 24 °C and was negatively correlated with early apoptosis of TNCs and CD34+ cells. This study demonstrated that the early apoptosis of TNCs and CD34+ cells constitutes a useful marker for predicting the engraftment of HSCs and may provide helpful data for standard assessment regarding CB quality by analyzing the correlation between in vitro and in vivo assays using NSG mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Young Maeng
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Yeon Kim
- Catholic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Bank, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Young An
- Catholic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Bank, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sueon Kim
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Lim Lee
- Daegu Fatima Hospital Public Cord Blood Bank, Daegu Fatima Hospital, Deagu, Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Hoan Oh
- Catholic Cell Therapy Center and Department of Cellular Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tai-Gyu Kim
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Catholic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Bank, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Dimas-González J, Nieto-Linares A, Millán-Rocha M, Salazar-Bailón JL, Lorenzo-Moreno BA, Rojo-Medina J. Thawing methods do not affect cell viability of CD45+ and CD34+ cells, but long-term cryopreservation of umbilical cord blood units generally decreases cell viability. Transfus Apher Sci 2019; 58:196-200. [PMID: 30902449 DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2019.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Umbilical cord blood units (UCBUs) are collected and cryopreserved in biobanks for a future transplant. Hematopoietic stem cells and hematopoietic progenitor cells (HSC/HPC) present in UCB can be damaged due to factors such as the cryopreservation process, the thawing process, and prolonged storage time. METHODS UCBUs (n = 27) were obtained from the Biobank of the National Center of Blood Transfusion (NCBT) from Mexico. They contained three attached segments of UCBU, including 1.0-2.3 × 106 CD34+ cells prior to cryopreservation and were stored during the period from 2003 to 2015. Each UCB segment was thawed with three different methods and CD34 cells, CD45 cells, and 7-AAD were identified by flow cytometry. Furthermore, we carried out CFU assays, and trypan blue staining. RESULTS Viable CD45+ (vCD45+) cells, vCD34+ cells, CFU, and percentage of E-Clone were not statistically significant among three different thawing methods. The number of vCD45+ and vCD34+ cells diminished in the three thawing methods compared with the same cells prior to their cryopreservation (p < 0.0001). vCD45+ and vCD34+ cells diminished in the ≥10-year cryopreservation group (p < 0.001). In addition, percentage of recovery of vCD45+ and vCD34+ cells diminished in this same group (p = 0.013 and p < 0.0001, respectively). CONCLUSION The thawing methods did not affect either cell viability (vCD45+ and vCD34+ cells) or pluripotency (CFU, percentage of E-Clone) in attached segments of UCBUs. The ≥10-year cryopreservation time in attached segments of UCBUs alters the number of vCD45+ and vCD34+ cells; however, it does not affect their pluripotency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jisela Dimas-González
- Centro Nacional de la Transfusión Sanguínea, Av. Othón de Mendizábal 195, Zacatenco, Gustavo A. Madero, 07360, Mexico City, Mexico..
| | - Adán Nieto-Linares
- Centro Nacional de la Transfusión Sanguínea, Av. Othón de Mendizábal 195, Zacatenco, Gustavo A. Madero, 07360, Mexico City, Mexico..
| | - Miriam Millán-Rocha
- Centro Nacional de la Transfusión Sanguínea, Av. Othón de Mendizábal 195, Zacatenco, Gustavo A. Madero, 07360, Mexico City, Mexico..
| | - José Luis Salazar-Bailón
- Centro Nacional de la Transfusión Sanguínea, Av. Othón de Mendizábal 195, Zacatenco, Gustavo A. Madero, 07360, Mexico City, Mexico..
| | - Bardo Abraham Lorenzo-Moreno
- Centro Nacional de la Transfusión Sanguínea, Av. Othón de Mendizábal 195, Zacatenco, Gustavo A. Madero, 07360, Mexico City, Mexico..
| | - Julieta Rojo-Medina
- Centro Nacional de la Transfusión Sanguínea, Av. Othón de Mendizábal 195, Zacatenco, Gustavo A. Madero, 07360, Mexico City, Mexico..
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Lin X, Torrabadella M, Amat L, Gómez S, Azqueta C, Sánchez M, Cuadras D, Martínez Lorenzo MJ, Brull JM, Gayà A, Cemborain A, Pérez Garcia C, Arroyo J, Querol S, Gómez Roig MD. Estimated fetal weight percentile as a tool to predict collection of cord blood units with higher cellular content: implications for prenatal selection of cord blood donors. Transfusion 2018; 58:1732-1738. [PMID: 29732577 DOI: 10.1111/trf.14651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 02/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The need for high-cellular-content cord blood units (CBUs) for allogenic transplantation is evident to improve clinical outcomes. In our environment and with current donation programs, very few collected units meet suggested clinical thresholds, making collection programs highly inefficient. To increase the clinical conversion rate, we have assessed factors influencing the cellular content of the cord blood collection and established the estimated fetal weight percentile (EFWp) as a tool to predict which deliveries will obtain higher cellular counts. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS We conducted a retrospective analysis of 11,349 collected CBUs. An analysis of diagnostic efficiency (receiver operating characteristic [ROC] curve) was performed to establish the cutoffs of several obstetric and perinatal variables from which we would obtain more than 1500 × 106 total nucleated cells and 4 × 106 CD34 cells. We then calculated the optimal EFWp cutoff to increase efficiency. RESULTS In the univariate analysis, factors positively and significantly associated were a greater neonatal and placental weight and longer weeks of gestation. In the multivariate analysis only neonatal and placental weight remain significant (p < 0.001). The ROC curve analysis showed that the optimal EFWp cutoff is 60, which has the maximum area under the curve. Applying this, donations meeting clinical cellular numbers will increase more than 30% with respect to not using any threshold. CONCLUSION The EFWp predicts the quality of the collected CBUs and can be used to make a prenatal selection of the donors, therefore increasing the efficiency of umbilical cord blood collection programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Lin
- BCNatal-Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Sant Joan de Deu and Hospital Clínic), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Lluís Amat
- BCNatal-Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Sant Joan de Deu and Hospital Clínic), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Susana Gómez
- Programa Concordia Banc de Sang i Teixits, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carmen Azqueta
- Programa Concordia Banc de Sang i Teixits, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mar Sánchez
- Programa Concordia Banc de Sang i Teixits, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Cuadras
- Statistics Department, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Antoni Gayà
- Fundació Banc de Sang I Teixits de les Illes Balears, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Illes Balears, Palma, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Sergi Querol
- Programa Concordia Banc de Sang i Teixits, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Dolores Gómez Roig
- BCNatal-Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Sant Joan de Deu and Hospital Clínic), Barcelona, Spain
- Maternal and Child Health and Development Network II (SAMID II) funded by Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Frändberg S, Li S, Boreström C, Holgersson J, Palmqvist L. The aldehyde dehydrogenase cord blood potency assay excludes early apoptotic cells. Transfusion 2018; 58:1452-1457. [PMID: 29516519 DOI: 10.1111/trf.14570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cord blood units (CBUs) are processed, frozen, and thawed before use in hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplantation. The manipulations affect HSC functionality, that is, induce apoptosis and reduce viability. HSC content, commonly expressed as CBU potency, that is, the expected ability of a CBU to restore hematopoiesis, is traditionally approximated through viable CD34+ cells and the colony-forming unit (CFU) cell cultivation assay. Alternative approaches, for example, the aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) enzyme-based assay, are also forthcoming. We hypothesized that the ALDH assay might exclude apoptotic cells since it is based on enzyme activity. To investigate this, we designed a protocol for simultaneous staining of viable and apoptotic CD34+ and ALDH+ cells using 7-aminoactinomycin (7-AAD) and annexin V, in frozen-thawed CBUs. Results were correlated with results from the colony-forming unit-granulocyte/macrophage (CFU-GM) assay. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Samples from 57 CBUs were thawed and simultaneously analyzed for CD34+ cells, ALDH+ cells, viability (7-AAD), and apoptosis (annexin V) using flow cytometry. Enumeration of CFUs was also performed. RESULTS No nonviable and few apoptotic cells (mean 0.7%) were identified in the ALDH+ population compared to the viable CD34+ population (mean 3.6%). The total number of ALDH+ cells correlated better than viable CD34+ cells (r = 0. 72 vs. r = 0.66; p < 0.0001) with the results of the CFU assay. CONCLUSION The ALDH assay excludes nonviable and apoptotic cells, and therefore correlates better with CFU enumeration compared to the number of viable CD34+ cells. We propose that the ALDH assay might replace the CFU-GM method in CBU potency measurements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Frändberg
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Susann Li
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Boreström
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jan Holgersson
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lars Palmqvist
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Jaing TH, Chen SH, Wen YC, Chang TY, Yang YC, Tsay PK. Effects of Cryopreservation Duration on the Outcome of Single-Unit Cord Blood Transplantation. Cell Transplant 2018; 27:515-519. [PMID: 29737201 PMCID: PMC6038043 DOI: 10.1177/0963689717753187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cryopreservation is widely used in umbilical cord blood (UCB) banking, yet its impact on progenitor cell function remains largely unaddressed. It is unknown whether long-term cryopreservation affects UCB transplantation outcomes. Herein, we evaluated the impact of UCB age on clinical outcomes and investigated the effect of cryopreservation duration of UCB on hematopoietic potency in 91 patients receiving single cord blood transplantations. UCB cryopreservation duration was 0.7 to 13.4 y. The most common indication of transplant was thalassemia (48%). There was no significant association between cryopreservation duration and neutrophil engraftment probability (P = 0.475). Cryopreservation duration did not affect the post-thaw viability and subsequent neutrophil engraftment rate. Therefore, UCB units can undergo cryopreservation for at least 8 y with no impact on clinical outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tang-Her Jaing
- 1 Division of Hematology and Oncology, Chang Gung Children's Hospital, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,2 Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Children's Hospital, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hsiang Chen
- 1 Division of Hematology and Oncology, Chang Gung Children's Hospital, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,2 Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Children's Hospital, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chuan Wen
- 3 Department of Nursing, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Yen Chang
- 1 Division of Hematology and Oncology, Chang Gung Children's Hospital, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,2 Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Children's Hospital, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Chun Yang
- 3 Department of Nursing, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Kwei Tsay
- 2 Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Children's Hospital, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,4 Department of Public Health and Center of Biostatistics, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Frändberg S, Asp J, Waldner B, Holgersson J, Palmqvist L. Concentration of the CDCP1 protein in human cord plasma may serve as a predictor of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell content. Stem Cell Res 2018; 29:24-27. [PMID: 29574172 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2018.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Revised: 03/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Successful hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) transplantation rests upon reliable methods for their enumeration in sources such as cord blood (CB). Methods used today are costly, time consuming and exhaust the limited number of cells needed for transplantation. The aim of this study was to analyze if surplus plasma from CB contains biomarkers that can predict HSPC content in CB. Frozen, surplus plasma from 95 CB units was divided into two groups based on CD34+ cell concentration. Birth weight, gestation age, gender, mode of delivery, collection volume, nucleated cell count and colony forming unit assay results were available. Samples were analyzed with a proximity ligation assay covering 92 different proteins. Two-group t-test with p-values adjusted for false discovery rate (FDR) identified 5 proteins that significantly differed between the two groups. CDCP1 was the most significant (FDR adjusted p-value 0.006). Correlation with CDCP1 concentration was most significant for CD34+ concentration and nucleated cell count. Multivariate analysis showed that CD34 and gender seemed to influence the level of CDCP1. In conclusion, CDCP1 was identified as a potential biomarker of HSPC content in CB. The finding also warrants further investigation for a possible role of CDCP1 in regulating HSPC presence in CB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Frändberg
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Julia Asp
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Clinical Chemistry, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Berit Waldner
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jan Holgersson
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lars Palmqvist
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Clinical Chemistry, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Duggleby R, Danby RD, Madrigal JA, Saudemont A. Clinical Grade Regulatory CD4 + T Cells (Tregs): Moving Toward Cellular-Based Immunomodulatory Therapies. Front Immunol 2018; 9:252. [PMID: 29487602 PMCID: PMC5816789 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are CD4+ T cells that are key players of immune tolerance. They are powerful suppressor cells, able to impact the function of numerous immune cells, including key effectors of inflammation such as effector T cells. For this reason, Tregs are an ideal candidate for the development of cell therapy approaches to modulate immune responses. Treg therapy has shown promising results so far, providing key knowledge on the conditions in which these cells can provide protection and demonstrating that they could be an alternative to current pharmacological immunosuppressive therapies. However, a more comprehensive understanding of their characteristics, isolation, activation, and expansion is needed to be able design cost effective therapies. Here, we review the practicalities of making Tregs a viable cell therapy, in particular, discussing the challenges faced in isolating and manufacturing Tregs and defining what are the most appropriate applications for this new therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard Duggleby
- Anthony Nolan Research Institute, London, United Kingdom.,University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Robert David Danby
- Anthony Nolan Research Institute, London, United Kingdom.,University College London, London, United Kingdom.,Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - J Alejandro Madrigal
- Anthony Nolan Research Institute, London, United Kingdom.,University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Aurore Saudemont
- Anthony Nolan Research Institute, London, United Kingdom.,University College London, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Ghirardello S, Di Tommaso M, Fiocchi S, Locatelli A, Perrone B, Pratesi S, Saracco P. Italian Recommendations for Placental Transfusion Strategies. Front Pediatr 2018; 6:372. [PMID: 30560107 PMCID: PMC6287578 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2018.00372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
At delivery, if the cord is not clamped, blood continues to pass from the placenta to the newborn during the first minutes of life, allowing the transfer of 25-35 ml/kg of placental blood to the newborn, depending on gestational age, the timing of cord clamping, the position of the infant at birth, the onset of respiration, and administration of uterotonics to the mother. However, deriving benefits from delayed cord clamping (DCC) are not merely related to placental-to-fetal blood transfusion; establishing spontaneous ventilation before cutting the cord improves venous return to the right heart and pulmonary blood flow, protecting the newborn from the transient low cardiac output, and systemic arterial pressure fluctuations. Recent meta-analyses showed that delayed cord clamping reduces mortality and red blood cell transfusions in preterm newborns and increases iron stores in term newborns. Various authors suggested umbilical cord milking (UCM) as a safe alternative when delayed cord clamping is not feasible. Many scientific societies recommend waiting 30-60 s before clamping the cord for both term and preterm newborns not requiring resuscitation. To improve the uptake of placental transfusion strategies, in 2016 an Italian Task Force for the Management of Umbilical Cord Clamping drafted national recommendations for the management of cord clamping in term and preterm deliveries. The task force performed a detailed review of the literature using the GRADE methodological approach. The document analyzed all clinical scenarios that operators could deal with in the delivery room, including cord blood gas analysis during delayed cord clamping and time to cord clamping in the case of umbilical cord blood banking. The panel intended to promote a more physiological and individualized approach to cord clamping, specifically for the most preterm newborn. A feasible option to implement delayed cord clamping in very preterm deliveries is to move the neonatologist to the mother's bedside to assess the newborn's clinical condition at birth. This option could safely guarantee the first steps of stabilization before clamping the cord and allow DCC in the first 30 s of life, without delaying resuscitation. Contra-indications to placental transfusion strategies are clinical situations that may endanger mother 's health and those that may delay immediate newborn's resuscitation when required.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Ghirardello
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Mariarosaria Di Tommaso
- Health Sciences Department, University of Firenze, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Stefano Fiocchi
- Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Locatelli
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Perrone
- Division of Neonatology and NICU, Salesi Children's Hospital, Ancona, Italy
| | - Simone Pratesi
- Neonatology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Paola Saracco
- Department of Pediatric Sciences, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Souri M, Nikougoftar Zarif M, Rasouli M, Golzadeh K, Nakhlestani Hagh M, Ezzati N, Atarodi K. Comparison of human umbilical cord blood processing with or without hydroxyethyl starch. Transfusion 2017; 57:2758-2766. [PMID: 28836380 DOI: 10.1111/trf.14290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2017] [Revised: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Umbilical cord blood (UCB) processing with hydroxyethyl starch (HES) is the most common protocol in the cord blood banks. The quality of UCB volume reduction was guaranteed by minimum manipulation of cord blood samples in the closed system. This study aimed to analyze and compare cell recovery and viability of UCB processed using the Sepax automated system in the presence and absence of HES. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Thirty UCB bags with a total nucleated cell (TNC) count of more than 2.5 × 109 were divided in two bags with equal volume. HES solution was added to one bag and another was intact. Both bags were processed with the Sepax. To determine cell recovery, viability, and potential of colony-forming cells (CFCs), preprocessing, postprocessing, and thawing samples were analyzed. RESULTS The mean TNC recovery after processing and after thaw was significantly better with the HES method (p < 0.01 for the postprocessing step and p < 0.05 for the postthaw step). There were no significant differences to mononucleated cells (MNCs) and CD34+ cell recovery between the two methods after processing and after thaw. TNC and MNC viability was significantly higher without HES after processing and after thaw (p < 0.01). The results of the CFC assay were similar for both methods after processing and after thaw. CONCLUSION These results showed that processing of UCB using the Sepax system with the without-HES protocol due to the lower manipulation of samples could be used as an eligible protocol to reduce the volume of UCB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Milad Souri
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine
| | - Mahin Nikougoftar Zarif
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine
| | - Mahboobeh Rasouli
- Department of Bio-Statistics, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Khadijeh Golzadeh
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine
| | - Mozhdeh Nakhlestani Hagh
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine
| | - Nasim Ezzati
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine
| | - Kamran Atarodi
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Vanegas D, Triviño L, Galindo C, Franco L, Salguero G, Camacho B, Perdomo-Arciniegas AM. A new strategy for umbilical cord blood collection developed at the first Colombian public cord blood bank increases total nucleated cell content. Transfusion 2017; 57:2225-2233. [PMID: 28653354 DOI: 10.1111/trf.14190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Revised: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The total nucleated cell dosage of umbilical cord blood (UCB) is an important factor in determining successful allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation after a minimum human leukocyte antigen donor-recipient match. The northern South American population is in need of a new-generation cord blood bank that cryopreserves only units with high total nucleated cell content, thereby increasing the likelihood of use. Colombia set up a public cord blood bank in 2014; and, as a result of its research for improving high total nucleated cell content, a new strategy for UCB collection was developed. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Data from 2933 collected and 759 cryopreserved cord blood units between 2014 and 2015 were analyzed. The correlation of donor and collection variables with cellularity was evaluated. Moreover, blood volume, cell content, CD34+ count, clonogenic capacity, and microbial contamination were assessed comparing the new method, which combines in utero and ex utero techniques, with the conventional strategies. RESULTS Multivariate analysis confirmed a correlation between neonatal birth weight and cell content. The new collection method increased total nucleated cell content in approximately 26% and did not alter pre-cryopreservation and post-thaw cell recovery, viability, or clonogenic ability. Furthermore, it showed a remarkably low microbial contamination rate (1.2%). CONCLUSION The strategy for UCB collection developed at the first Colombian public cord blood bank increases total nucleated cell content and does not affect unit quality. The existence of this bank is a remarkable breakthrough for Latin-American patients in need of this kind of transplantation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Gustavo Salguero
- Cell Therapy Unit, Instituto Distrital de Ciencia, Biotecnología e Innovación en Salud, Bogotá Distrito Capital, Colombia
| | - Bernardo Camacho
- Cord Blood Bank
- Cell Therapy Unit, Instituto Distrital de Ciencia, Biotecnología e Innovación en Salud, Bogotá Distrito Capital, Colombia
| | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Chang HC. The role of policies and networks in development of cord blood usage in China. Regen Med 2017; 12:637-645. [DOI: 10.2217/rme-2017-0050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Research regarding the use of cord blood (CB) has focused on antigen match and the number of stem cells, with policies and networks related to its use being under researched. This article is based on fieldwork in China from 2013 to 2015 and examines ways that the studied CB bank enhances CB usage in China. This article identifies that in addition to finding a match, CB use is linked to the policies and networks, release fee and public awareness that enable CB usage development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Chieh Chang
- Institute of Health Policy & Management, National Taiwan University No. 17, Xu-Zhou Road, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Schwandt S, Liedtke S, Kogler G. The influence of temperature treatment before cryopreservation on the viability and potency of cryopreserved and thawed CD34 + and CD45 + cord blood cells. Cytotherapy 2017. [PMID: 28645734 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2017.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) viability and potency is crucial for qualified cord blood (CB) transplants. This study analyzes time and temperature condition before cryopreservation for the viability of CD34+/CD45+ cells after cryopreservation. METHODS Cell viabilities were determined by antibody co-staining with 7-aminoactinomycin D detecting necrotic cells, and subsequent flow cytometric analysis. Additionally, Annexin V staining for determination of apoptotic cells and colony-forming unit (CFU) assays for testing functional potency of HSCs were performed. RESULTS For all cell types assessed (CD45+/CD34+ cells, lymphocytes and granulocytes), the highest viabilities were obtained for CB maintained at 4°C or room temperature (RT; 22 ± 4°C) and cryopreserved directly after collection. Starting material were CB units with an age of 24.7 ± 3.5 h after birth. Post-thaw CD34+ cell results were > 90% after temperature treatment of t = 24 h (48 h total age) and > 70% after t = 48 h (72 h total age) at 4°C (48 h, 91.4 ± 5.5%; 72 h, 75.0 ± 12.0%) and RT (48 h, 84.2 ± 9.7%; 72 h, 72.6 ± 0.6%). Viabilities for 30°C samples were < 80% after t = 24 h (48 h total age, 79.8 ± 3.1%) and < 50% after t = 48 h of treatment (72 h total age, 46.8 ± 14.3%). Regarding CFU recovery of pre-freeze (without volume reduction) and thawed CB, a trend toward the highest recoveries was observed at 4°C/RT. The difference between 4°C (77.5 ± 12.0%) and 30°C samples (53.9 ± 4.8%) was shown to be significant in post-thaw samples after t = 24 h treatment (48 h total age; P = 0.0341). DISCUSSION Delays between collection and cryopreservation should be minimized because increasing time reduces numbers of viable cells and CFUs before/after cryopreservation. CB units should be maintained at 4°C/RT to retain the highest possible potency of the cells after thawing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Svenja Schwandt
- Institute for Transplantation Diagnostics and Cell Therapeutics, Heinrich-Heine-University Medical Center, Duesseldorf, Germany.
| | - Stefanie Liedtke
- Institute for Transplantation Diagnostics and Cell Therapeutics, Heinrich-Heine-University Medical Center, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Gesine Kogler
- Institute for Transplantation Diagnostics and Cell Therapeutics, Heinrich-Heine-University Medical Center, Duesseldorf, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Santos SVF, Barros SMO, Santos MS, Marti LC, Ribeiro AAF, Kondo AT, Kutner JM. Predictors of high-quality cord blood units. Transfusion 2016; 56:2030-6. [PMID: 27232272 DOI: 10.1111/trf.13653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Revised: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Analysis of umbilical cord blood (UCB) transplants shows a correlation between engraftment and total number of infused cells. Thus, it is worth evaluating what maternal and neonatal characteristics and collection techniques may affect the quality of UCB units. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS A cross-sectional study was performed with 7897 donors sequentially selected in three health care institutions in Brazil from October 2004 to March 2012, in which both quantitative and qualitative approaches were applied. All donors were considered suitable for cord blood collection. RESULTS The maternal and neonatal characteristics and techniques of collection that influenced the total number of nucleated cells (TNCs; p < 0.001) were type of delivery, newborn weight and sex, and institution of UCB collection. The TNC count was associated with gestational age (p = 0.008), type of delivery (p < 0.001), newborn sex (p < 0.001), newborn weight (p < 0.001), and UCB collection technique (p = 0.003). Center B presented the largest number of nucleated cells in its results (p < 0.001), followed by Center A (p = 0.001). Other characteristics, such as maternal age, were analyzed but were not relevant for the nucleated cell number. CONCLUSION This study provides elements for a model that allows an efficient selection of UCB donors, prioritizing candidates who have a better chance to lead to an optimized use of cord blood cells units.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra V F Santos
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo-UNIFESP, Escola Paulista de Enfermagem, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sonia M O Barros
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo-UNIFESP, Escola Paulista de Enfermagem, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Luciana C Marti
- Instituto Israelita de Ensino e Pesquisa Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andreza A F Ribeiro
- Departamento de Hemoterapia, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andrea T Kondo
- Departamento de Hemoterapia, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jose M Kutner
- Departamento de Hemoterapia, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
High quality cord blood banking is feasible with delayed clamping practices. The eight-year experience and current status of the national Swedish Cord Blood Bank. Cell Tissue Bank 2016; 17:439-48. [PMID: 27342904 DOI: 10.1007/s10561-016-9565-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The National Swedish Cord Blood Bank (NS-CBB) is altruistic and publicly funded. Herein we describe the status of the bank and the impact of delayed versus early clamping on cell number and volume. Cord Blood Units (CBUs) were collected at two University Hospitals in Sweden. Collected volume and nucleated cell content (TNC) were investigated in 146 consecutive Cord Blood (CB) collections sampled during the first quarter of 2012 and in 162 consecutive CB collections done in the first quarter of 2013, before and after clamping practices were changed from immediate to late (60 s) clamping. NS-CBB now holds close to 5000 units whereof 30 % are from non-Caucasian or mixed origins. Delayed clamping had no major effect on collection efficiency. The volume collected was slightly reduced (mean difference, 8.1 ml; 95 % CI, 1.3-15.0 ml; p = 0.02), while cell recovery was not (p = 0.1). The proportion of CBUs that met initial total TNC banking criteria was 60 % using a TNC threshold of 12.5 × 10(8), and 47 % using a threshold of 15 × 10(8) for the early clamping group and 52 and 37 % in the late clamping group. Following implementation of delayed clamping practices at NS-CBB; close to 40 % of the collections in the late clamping group still met the high TNC banking threshold and were eligible for banking, implicating that that cord blood banking is feasible with delayed clamping practices.
Collapse
|
28
|
Lecchi L, Giovanelli S, Gagliardi B, Pezzali I, Ratti I, Marconi M. An update on methods for cryopreservation and thawing of hemopoietic stem cells. Transfus Apher Sci 2016; 54:324-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2016.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
29
|
Schwandt S, Korschgen L, Peters S, Kogler G. Cord blood collection and processing with hydroxyethyl starch or non-hydroxyethyl starch. Cytotherapy 2016; 18:642-52. [PMID: 27059201 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2016.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Revised: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Collection and processing characteristics influencing quality of cord blood (CB) units play an essential role to cord blood banks (CBBs). At many CBBs, volume reduction is performed using hydroxyethyl starch (HES) and the Sepax (Biosafe) automated cell processing system. Due to the withdrawal of HES from the European market, a validation of the nonHES protocol was performed. METHODS This partially retrospective study identified CB characteristics such as gestational age and CB volume/cell count correlated with higher quality. For the nonHES validation, CB was analyzed for total nucleated cell (TNC), mononuclear cell (MNC) recovery, hematocrit (HCT) and colony-forming units (CFUs). Viabilities of CD34(+) and CD45(+) cells were determined by 7-aminoactinomycin D (7-AAD) and AnnexinV (AnnV) staining and compared for 21 mL and 42 mL buffy coat (BC) samples applying the HES/nonHES protocol. RESULTS Factors affecting the potency of CB transplants were the gestational age and the volume reduction to a defined BC volume. High initial cell counts and CB volumes correlated negatively with post-processing TNC recovery for lower BC volumes. Post-processing HES and nonHES results were comparable, but nonHES revealed a significantly lower post-thaw recovery of viable CD34(+) cells measured by 7-AAD/AnnV (21 mL: 45.4 ± 16.4%; 42 mL: 67.3 ± 14.5%) as compared with HES (21 mL: 72.7 ± 14.4%, P = 0.0164; 42 mL: 83.4 ± 14.7%, P = 0.0203). DISCUSSION Due to the lower post-thaw CD34(+) cell viability (AnnV(-)/7-AAD(-)) for nonHES samples, the use of HES is recommended, ideally combined with a high BC volume. The post-processing HCT has no statistically significant impact on the post-thaw CD34(+) cell viability (AnnV(-)/7-AAD(-)).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Svenja Schwandt
- Institute for Transplantation Diagnostics and Cell Therapeutics, Heinrich-Heine-University Medical Center, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Lutz Korschgen
- Institute for Transplantation Diagnostics and Cell Therapeutics, Heinrich-Heine-University Medical Center, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Svenja Peters
- Institute for Transplantation Diagnostics and Cell Therapeutics, Heinrich-Heine-University Medical Center, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Gesine Kogler
- Institute for Transplantation Diagnostics and Cell Therapeutics, Heinrich-Heine-University Medical Center, Duesseldorf, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Castillo N, García-Cadenas I, Barba P, Martino R, Azqueta C, Ferrà C, Canals C, Sierra J, Valcárcel D, Querol S. Post-Thaw Viable CD45 + Cells and Clonogenic Efficiency are Associated with Better Engraftment and Outcomes after Single Cord Blood Transplantation in Adult Patients with Malignant Diseases. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2015; 21:2167-2172. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2015.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|
31
|
Impact of length of cryopreservation and origin of cord blood units on hematologic recovery following cord blood transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 2015; 50:818-21. [DOI: 10.1038/bmt.2015.56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2014] [Revised: 01/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
|
32
|
Patterson J, Moore CH, Palser E, Hearn JC, Dumitru D, Harper HA, Rich IN. Detecting primitive hematopoietic stem cells in total nucleated and mononuclear cell fractions from umbilical cord blood segments and units. J Transl Med 2015; 13:94. [PMID: 25784613 PMCID: PMC4374586 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-015-0434-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rare hematopoietic stem cell populations are responsible for the transplantation engraftment process. Umbilical cord blood (UCB) is usually processed to the total nucleated cell (TNC), but not to the mononuclear cell (MNC) fraction. TNC counts are used to determine UCB unit storage, release for transplantation and correlation with time to engraftment. However, the TNC fraction contains varying concentrations of red blood cells, granulocytes, platelets and other cells that dilute and mask the stem cells from being detected. This does not allow the quality and potency of the stem cells to be reliably measured. METHODS 63 UCB segments and 10 UCB units plus segments were analyzed for the response of both primitive lympho-hematopoietic and primitive hematopoietic stem cells in both the TNC and MNC fractions. The samples were analyzed using a highly sensitive, standardized and validated adenosine triphosphate (ATP) bioluminescence stem cell proliferation assay verified against the colony-forming unit (CFU) assay. Dye exclusion and metabolic viability were also determined. RESULTS Regardless of whether the cells were derived from a segment or unit, the TNC fraction always produced a significantly lower and more variable stem cell response than that derived from the MNC fraction. Routine dye exclusion cell viability did not correspond with metabolic viability and stem cell response. Paired UCB segments produced highly variable results, and the UCB segment did not produce similar results to the unit. DISCUSSION The TNC fraction underestimates the ability and capacity of the stem cells in both the UCB segment and unit and therefore provides an erroneous interpretation of the of the results. Dye exclusion viability can result in false positive values, when in fact the stem cells may be dead or incapable of proliferation. The difference in response between the segment and unit calls into question the ability to use the segment as a representative sample of the UCB unit. It is apparent that present UCB processing and testing methods are inadequate to properly determine the quality and potency of the unit for release and use in a patient.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John Patterson
- />Beth-Ell College of Nursing and Health Science, University of Colorado at Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, Colorado USA
| | - Cally H Moore
- />Department of Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado USA
| | - Emily Palser
- />Department of Biology, University of Colorado at Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, Colorado USA
| | - Jason C Hearn
- />HemoGenix, Inc, 1485 Garden of the Gods Road, Suite 152, Colorado Springs, CO 80906 USA
| | - Daniela Dumitru
- />HemoGenix, Inc, 1485 Garden of the Gods Road, Suite 152, Colorado Springs, CO 80906 USA
| | - Holli A Harper
- />HemoGenix, Inc, 1485 Garden of the Gods Road, Suite 152, Colorado Springs, CO 80906 USA
| | - Ivan N Rich
- />HemoGenix, Inc, 1485 Garden of the Gods Road, Suite 152, Colorado Springs, CO 80906 USA
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Frändberg S, Boreström C, Li S, Fogelstrand L, Palmqvist L. Exploring the heterogeneity of the hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell pool in cord blood: simultaneous staining for side population, aldehyde dehydrogenase activity, and CD34 expression. Transfusion 2015; 55:1283-9. [PMID: 25647229 DOI: 10.1111/trf.13013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2014] [Revised: 11/22/2014] [Accepted: 11/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The stem cell content in cord blood (CB) units is routinely assessed regarding nucleated cells, CD34+ cell count, and number of colony-forming units (CFUs). Efforts are made toward finding better ways of defining stemness of CB units. Side population (SP) phenotype and activity of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) are functional markers of stemness that can be assayed using flow cytometry. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS We have developed a protocol for simultaneous determination of CD34+, SP, and ALDH+ populations in relation to immature white blood cells (CD45dim) in CB. Viable nucleated cells were consecutively stained for SP and ALDH activity and with antibodies against the CD45, CD34, and CD117 antigens. RESULTS The SP and ALDH+ populations could reliably be measured simultaneously. The median sizes of the SP and the ALDH+ populations were 0.85 and 3.3% of CD45dim cells, respectively. There was no overlap between the SP and ALDH+ populations. Cells that were ALDH+ expressed CD34 and CD117, but SP cells were negative for these markers. The ALDH+ cell content correlated with CD34+ cell content (p < 0.001) and with CFU-granulocyte-macrophage (GM; p = 0.03) but not with total CFUs. SP did not correlate with CD34+, CFU-GM, or total CFU. CONCLUSIONS We show that simultaneous detection of the CD34, SP, and ALDH+ cells is clearly feasible using only small amounts of CB. In CB, ALDH+, and CD34+ cells are overlapping populations distinctly separated from the SP population. The difference in relation to the capacity for colony growth between ALDH+ and SP underlines that they define different cell populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Frändberg
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Boreström
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Susann Li
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Linda Fogelstrand
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lars Palmqvist
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Navarrete C. Cord Blood Banking. CORD BLOOD STEM CELLS AND REGENERATIVE MEDICINE 2015. [PMCID: PMC7150031 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-407785-0.00015-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
35
|
Naing MW, Gibson DA, Hourd P, Gomez SG, Horton RBV, Segal J, Williams DJ. Improving umbilical cord blood processing to increase total nucleated cell count yield and reduce cord input wastage by managing the consequences of input variation. Cytotherapy 2015; 17:58-67. [PMID: 25457274 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2014.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2014] [Revised: 09/11/2014] [Accepted: 09/12/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS With the rising use of umbilical cord blood (UCB) as an alternative source of hematopoietic stem cells, storage inventories of UCB have grown, giving rise to genetically diverse inventories globally. In the absence of reliable markers such as CD34 or counts of colony-forming units, total nucleated cell (TNC) counts are often used as an indicator of potency, and transplant centers worldwide often select units with the largest counts of TNC. As a result, cord blood banks are driven to increase the quality of stored inventories by increasing the TNC count of products stored. However, these banks face challenges in recovering consistent levels of TNC with the use of the standard protocols of automated umbilical cord processing systems, particularly in the presence of input variation both of cord blood volume and TNC count, in which it is currently not possible to process larger but useable UCB units with consequent losses in TNC. METHODS This report addresses the challenge of recovering consistently high TNC yields in volume reduction by proposing and validating an alternative protocol capable of processing a larger range of units more reliably. RESULTS This work demonstrates improvements in plastic ware and tubing sets and in the recovery process protocol with consequent productivity gains in TNC yield and a reduction in standard deviation. CONCLUSIONS This work could pave the way for cord blood banks to improve UCB processing and increase efficiency through higher yields and lower costs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- May Win Naing
- Centre for Biological Engineering, Healthcare Engineering Research Group, Loughborough University, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel A Gibson
- Anthony Nolan Cell Therapy Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Hourd
- Centre for Biological Engineering, Healthcare Engineering Research Group, Loughborough University, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Susana G Gomez
- Anthony Nolan Cell Therapy Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | | | - Joel Segal
- Manufacturing Research Division, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - David J Williams
- Centre for Biological Engineering, Healthcare Engineering Research Group, Loughborough University, Loughborough, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Castillo N, García-Cadenas I, García O, Barba P, Diaz-Heredia C, Martino R, Azqueta C, Ferrà C, Canals C, Elorza I, Olivé T, Badell I, Sierra J, Duarte R, Valcárcel D, Querol S. Few and nonsevere adverse infusion events using an automated method for diluting and washing before unrelated single cord blood transplantation. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2014; 21:682-7. [PMID: 25545727 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2014.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Graft dilution and DMSO washing before cord blood (CB) administration using an automated system may offer low incidence of adverse infusion events (AIE), ensuring reproducible cell yields. Hence, we analyzed the incidences and significance of immediate AIE, cellular yield, and engraftment after single CB infusion. One hundred and fifty-seven patients (median age, 20 years; range, 1 to 60) received a single CB unit for treatment of hematologic and nonhematologic malignancies with myeloablative conditioning after graft dilution and washing. The median total nucleated cell (TNC) doses was 3.4 × 10(7)/kg (range, 2 to 26) and the median post-thaw recovery was 84% (range, 45 to 178). The cumulative incidence of neutrophil engraftment at 50 days was 84% (95% confidence interval [CI], 83 to 93). A total of 118 immediate AIE were observed in fifty-two (33%) patients. All reported AIE were transient, graded from 1 to 2 by Common Terminology Adverse Events version 4. The most frequent toxicity was cardiovascular but without any life-threatening reaction. Infused TNC, recipient's weight, and rate of infusion per kilogram were risk factors associated with cardiovascular AIE in multivariate analysis (odds ratio [OR], 1.2 (95% CI, 1.1 to 1.4); P < .001; OR, .94 (95% CI, .9 to .97); P < .001; and OR, 1.5 (95% CI, 1.2 to 1.8); P < .001; respectively). In summary, use of an automated method for graft washing before CB administration showed low incidence of AIE without compromising cell yields and engraftment. Infused TNC dose, recipient's weight, and rate of infusion per kilogram were risk factors associated with infusion reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nerea Castillo
- Adult Hematology Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Irene García-Cadenas
- Hospital Universitari de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB Sant Pau and Jose Carreras Research Institutes, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Olga García
- Adult Hematology Department, Institut Català d'Oncologia-Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pere Barba
- Adult Hematology Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Rodrigo Martino
- Hospital Universitari de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB Sant Pau and Jose Carreras Research Institutes, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carmen Azqueta
- Cell Therapy Laboratory, Banc de Sang i Teixits, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Christelle Ferrà
- Adult Hematology Department, Institut Català d'Oncologia-Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carme Canals
- Cell Therapy Laboratory, Banc de Sang i Teixits, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Izaskun Elorza
- Adult Hematology Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teresa Olivé
- Adult Hematology Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isabel Badell
- Hospital Universitari de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB Sant Pau and Jose Carreras Research Institutes, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jorge Sierra
- Hospital Universitari de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB Sant Pau and Jose Carreras Research Institutes, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rafael Duarte
- Adult Hematology Department, Institut Català d'Oncologia-Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Valcárcel
- Adult Hematology Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergio Querol
- Cell Therapy Laboratory, Banc de Sang i Teixits, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Dulugiac M, Horeanga I, Torcatoru A, Bardas A, Matei G, Zarnescu O. Factors which can influence the quality related to cell viability of the umbilical cord blood units. Transfus Apher Sci 2014; 51:90-8. [PMID: 25219638 DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2014.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2014] [Revised: 08/22/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Cell viability is an important indicator for the quality of umbilical cord blood (UCB) units that can influence the transplant final outcome. Thus, it is particularly important to identify the factors that may affect the cell quality during the banking process. The present study is a first attempt to correlate the impact of exogenous factors (time from collection to processing, collected UCB volume) and endogenous factors (TNCC--total nucleated cell count, CD34(+)cell count) on cell viability assessed before UCB units cryopreservation within a banking standardized process. Three thousand UCB units collected in 35 ml CPDA containing bags were processed by HES sedimentation within 48 h. TNCC, CD34(+) cell counts and total cell viability were determined after processing. Cell viability of 94.37 ± 4.67%, TNCC of 73.17 ± 36.73 × 10(7) and CD34(+)cell count of 2.61 ± 2.29 × 10(6) was obtained after processing of units with UCB collected volume of 80.23 ± 28.52 ml. A significant negative correlation was found between cell viability and the time from collection to processing (r = -0.7228; P < 0.0001). The cell viability decreasing rate of 20.54%, 15.18% and 3-10% were achieved for units with collected UCB volume <40 ml, (40-80 ml) and >80 ml, to 48 h versus 12 h. There were no differences considering cell viability for the UCB units with similar collected UCB volume that had various CD34(+)cell count or TNCC (P > 0.05). The extension of the time from collection to processing of UCB units can reduce the quality by decreasing cell viability. The cell viability decreasing rate owing to the time influence is determined by the collected UCB volume being inversely proportional to it. Endogenous factors do not affect the cell viability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magda Dulugiac
- Regina Maria Central Stem Cells Bank, 5B Ion Ionescu de la Brad, 13811, Bucharest, Romania; Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 91-95, R-050095, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ionela Horeanga
- Regina Maria Central Stem Cells Bank, 5B Ion Ionescu de la Brad, 13811, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Andrei Torcatoru
- Regina Maria Central Stem Cells Bank, 5B Ion Ionescu de la Brad, 13811, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Alexandru Bardas
- Regina Maria Central Stem Cells Bank, 5B Ion Ionescu de la Brad, 13811, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Georgiana Matei
- Regina Maria Central Stem Cells Bank, 5B Ion Ionescu de la Brad, 13811, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Otilia Zarnescu
- Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 91-95, R-050095, Bucharest, Romania.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Pereira-Cunha FG, Duarte ASS, Reis-Alves SC, Olalla Saad ST, Metze K, Lorand-Metze I, Luzo ÂCM. Umbilical cord blood CD34(+) stem cells and other mononuclear cell subtypes processed up to 96 h from collection and stored at room temperature maintain a satisfactory functionality for cell therapy. Vox Sang 2014; 108:72-81. [PMID: 25333825 DOI: 10.1111/vox.12199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2014] [Revised: 06/13/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Umbilical cord blood (UCB) is a good stem cell source for cell therapy. We recently demonstrated that cord blood mononuclear cell (MNCs) subtypes were viable and functional until 96 h after collection, even stored at room temperature. Now, we analyzed the viability and functionality of the cells before and after cryopreservation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty UCB units were analyzed at 24 and 96 h after collection, frozen for 6 months, thawed and re-evaluated. MNCs were analyzed by flow cytometry, viability by 7-AAD and clonogenic assays (CFU) were performed. RESULTS After 96 h of storage, no substantial loss of MNC was found (median 7.320 × 10(6 ) × 6.05 × 10(6) ). Percentage and viability CD34(+) cells, B-cell precursors and mesenchymal stem cells were not affected. However, mature B and T lymphocytes as well as granulocytes had a substantial loss. CFU growth was observed in all samples. Prefreezing storage of 96 h was associated with a relative loss of colony formation (median 12%). Postthaw, this loss had a median of 49% (24 h samples) to 56% (96 h samples). CONCLUSION The delay of 96 h before UCB processing is possible, without a prohibitive impairment of CD34(+) loss in number and functionality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F G Pereira-Cunha
- Flow Cytometry Laboratory, Haematology Hemotherapy Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Comprehensive study of hydrostatic pressure treated human umbilical cord blood cells via response surface method. Cryobiology 2014; 69:266-72. [PMID: 25106745 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2014.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2014] [Revised: 07/01/2014] [Accepted: 07/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Amelioration of the survival parameters of cryopreserved samples after thawing has already been addressed through several techniques including vitrification to avoid the formation of ice cores. However, this approach cannot be followed in the case of samples with higher volumes. Hydrostatic pressure (HP) treatment has been proven to increase some qualifying parameters (e.g., motility, insemination efficiency) of certain biological samples. Accordingly, the preparation of umbilical cord blood (UCB) samples through an active (mechanical) pre-stressing process to increase the survival rate of cryopreserved samples can be regarded as a novel strategy that calls for basic experimental studies. The goal of our study was to assess the effects of HP treatment on the qualifying parameters (DNA fragmentation by agarose gel electrophoresis and capillary electrophoresis, Total Nucleotide Cell (TNC) count, CD34+/CD45+ count, and superoxide dismutase activity (SOD) of human umbilical cord blood (UCB) derived cells). The experimental arrangement was set to provide data for response-surface analysis to take into account the common effects of the individual variables of pressure and time exposure. 3D visualization of experimental data revealed that 50-min long HP treatment at 12.5 MPa can significantly (α = 0.05) enhance white blood cell (WBC) and CD34+/CD45+ cell counts. However no DNA fragmentation was observed even at higher pressures, SOD activity was triggered over 15.0 MPa. As a conclusion, HP treatment may contribute to the optimal cryopreservation of UCB cells by significantly increasing WBC and CD34+/CD45+ cell counts without adverse effects neither on DNA stability nor on triggering SOD activity.
Collapse
|
40
|
Akel S, Regan D, Wall D, Petz L, McCullough J. Current thawing and infusion practice of cryopreserved cord blood: the impact on graft quality, recipient safety, and transplantation outcomes. Transfusion 2014; 54:2997-3009. [PMID: 24894338 DOI: 10.1111/trf.12719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2013] [Revised: 03/13/2014] [Accepted: 03/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Methods of handling, thawing, and infusion of cord blood (CB) products vary substantially among thaw/transplant centers (TCs). This review 1) compares currently available CB product types and thaw methods recommended by CB banks (CBBs), 2) discusses causes of inconsistency in thaw method application at TCs, 3) advises elements to consider in thaw method approval or selection at the TC, 4) provides a procedural template for the traditional thaw methods, and 5) suggests acceptable time from product thaw to infusion and other considerations for safe infusion. It also compares postinfusion adverse reaction and engraftment data as functions of thaw methods. Remarks and suggestions made throughout this review are: 1) not intended to supersede manufacturer's instructions but meant to support the standardization of preparative procedures recommended by CBBs and 2) intended to help TCs to investigate relevant quality issues and handle challenges, especially when the TC is unable to follow recommendations due to foreseeable technical, quality, and/or clinical factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Salem Akel
- St Louis Cord Blood Bank/Cellular Therapy Laboratory, SSM Cardinal Glennon Children Medical Center, St Louis, Missouri, Canada
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Optimization of the viability of stem cells derived from umbilical cord blood after maternal supplementation with DHA during the second or third trimester of pregnancy: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials 2014; 15:164. [PMID: 24884585 PMCID: PMC4024184 DOI: 10.1186/1745-6215-15-164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2013] [Accepted: 04/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Umbilical cord blood (UCB) is an important source of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). However, the concentration of cells in cord blood units is limited and this may represent the main restriction to their therapeutic clinical use. The percentage of metabolically active stem cells provides a measure of the viability of cells in an UCB sample. It follows that an active cellular metabolism causes a proliferation in stem cells, offering an opportunity to increase the cellular concentration. A high cell dose is essential when transplanting cord stem cells, guaranteeing, in the receiving patient, a successful outcome.This study is designed to evaluate the impact of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplementation in pregnant women, in order to increase the quantity and viability of the cells in UCB samples. METHODS/DESIGN The metabolic demand of DHA increases in the course of pregnancy and reaches maximum absorption during the third trimester of pregnancy. According to these observations, this trial will be divided into two different experimental groups: in the first group, participants will be enrolled from the 20th week of estimated stage of gestation, before the maximum absorption of DHA; while in the second group, enrolment will start from the 28th week of estimated stage of gestation, when the DHA request is higher. Participants in the trial will be divided and randomly assigned to the placebo group or to the experimental group. Each participant will receive a complete set of capsules of either placebo (250 mg of olive oil) or DHA (250 mg), to take one a day from the 20th or from the 28th week, up to the 40th week of estimated gestational age. Samples of venous blood will be taken from all participants before taking placebo or DHA, at the 20th or at the 28th week, and at the 37th to 38th week of pregnancy to monitor the level of DHA. Cell number and cellular viability will be evaluated by flow cytometry within 48 hours of the UCB sample collection. TRIAL REGISTRATION International Standard Randomised Controlled Trial Number Register: ISRCTN58396079. Registration date: 8 October 2013.
Collapse
|
42
|
Crook JM, Stacey GN. Setting Quality Standards for Stem Cell Banking, Research and Translation: The International Stem Cell Banking Initiative. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-0585-0_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
|
43
|
Stewart CL, Aparicio LC, Kerridge IH. Ethical and legal issues raised by cord blood banking - the challenges of the new bioeconomy. Med J Aust 2013; 199:290-2. [PMID: 23984790 DOI: 10.5694/mja12.11668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2012] [Accepted: 06/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
• Cord blood banking raises ethical and legal issues which highlight the need for careful regulatory approaches to the emerging bioeconomy. • Consent processes for both private and public banking should be inclusive and representative of the different familial interests in the cord blood. • Property law is a potentially useful way of understanding the mechanisms for donation to both public and private banks. • Increasing tensions between public and private models of banking may require the adoption of hybrid forms of banking.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cameron L Stewart
- Centre for Health Governance, Law and Ethics, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Solves P, Planelles D, Mirabet V, Blanquer A, Carbonell-Uberos F. Qualitative and quantitative cell recovery in umbilical cord blood processed by two automated devices in routine cord blood banking: a comparative study. BLOOD TRANSFUSION = TRASFUSIONE DEL SANGUE 2013; 11:405-11. [PMID: 23058859 PMCID: PMC3729132 DOI: 10.2450/2012.0037-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2012] [Accepted: 05/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Volume reduction is a widely used procedure in umbilical cord blood banking. It concentrates progenitor cells by reducing plasma and red blood cells, thereby optimising the use of storage space. Sepax and AXP are automated systems specifically developed for umbilical cord blood processing. These systems basically consist of a bag processing set into which cord blood is transferred and a device that automatically separates the different components during centrifugation. METHODS The aim of this study was to analyse and compare cell recovery of umbilical cord blood units processed with Sepax and AXP at Valencia Cord Blood Bank. Cell counts were performed before and after volume reduction with AXP and Sepax. RESULTS When analysing all the data (n =1,000 for AXP and n= 670 for Sepax), the percentages of total nucleated cell recovery and red blood cell depletion were 76.76 ± 7.51% and 88.28 ± 5.62%, respectively, for AXP and 78.81 ± 7.25% and 88.32 ± 7.94%, respectively, for Sepax (P <0.005 for both variables). CD34(+) cell recovery and viability in umbilical cord blood units were similar with both devices. Mononuclear cell recovery was significantly higher when the Sepax system was used. DISCUSSION Both the Sepax and AXP automated systems achieve acceptable total nucleated cell recovery and good CD34(+) cell recovery after volume reduction of umbilical cord blood units and maintain cell viability. It should be noted that total nucleated cell recovery is significantly better with the Sepax system. Both systems deplete red blood cells efficiently, especially AXP which works without hydroxyethyl starch.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Solves
- Cord Blood Bank, Transfusion Centre, Valencia, Spain.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
The Assessment of Parameters Affecting the Quality of Cord Blood by the Appliance of the Annexin V Staining Method and Correlation with CFU Assays. Stem Cells Int 2013; 2013:823912. [PMID: 23533443 PMCID: PMC3606789 DOI: 10.1155/2013/823912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2012] [Accepted: 12/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The assessment of nonviable haematopoietic cells by Annexin V staining method in flow cytometry has recently been published by Duggleby et al. Resulting in a better correlation with the observed colony formation in methylcellulose assays than the standard ISHAGE protocol, it presents a promising method to predict cord blood potency. Herein, we applied this method for examining the parameters during processing which potentially could affect cord blood viability. We could verify that the current standards regarding time and temperature are sufficient, since no significant difference was observed within 48 hours or in storage at 4°C up to 26°C. However, the addition of DMSO for cryopreservation alone leads to an inevitable increase in nonviable haematopoietic stem cells from initially 14.8% ± 4.3% to at least 30.6% ± 5.5%. Furthermore, CFU-assays with varied seeding density were performed in order to evaluate the applicability as a quantitative method. The results revealed that only in a narrow range reproducible clonogenic efficiency (ClonE) could be assessed, giving at least a semiquantitative estimation. We conclude that both Annexin V staining method and CFU-assays with defined seeding density are reliable means leading to a better prediction of the final potency. Especially Annexin V, due to its fast readout, is a practical tool for examining and optimising specific steps in processing, while CFU-assays add a functional confirmation.
Collapse
|
46
|
A review of factors influencing the banking of collected umbilical cord blood units. Stem Cells Int 2013; 2013:463031. [PMID: 23533442 PMCID: PMC3600341 DOI: 10.1155/2013/463031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2012] [Accepted: 01/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Umbilical cord blood banking efforts have increased dramatically in the past two decades in response to increasing demand for alternative sources of blood stem cells to support patients requiring hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Transplant centres have accumulated increasing expertise in their understanding of umbilical cord blood characteristics that are associated with improved outcome following transplantation. These characteristics and factors can assist transplant centres in selecting cord blood units from the worldwide inventory of banked units. Umbilical cord blood banks, therefore, need to remain agile in adjusting the inventory of the banks to address shifts or changes in the needs of transplant centres. Public umbilical cord blood banks face the challenge of building inventory while managing limited resources and are faced with decisions regarding which units can be stored and which units that have been collected should be discarded or used for other endeavours such as research. To this end, we sought to review parameters influencing the decision to bank a collected cord blood unit. In this paper, we will address parameters associated with graft potency and address other factors that guide the decision to bank collected units.
Collapse
|
47
|
Pereira-Cunha FG, Duarte ASS, Costa FF, Saad STO, Lorand-Metze I, Luzo ACM. Viability of umbilical cord blood mononuclear cell subsets until 96 hours after collection. Transfusion 2013; 53:2034-42. [PMID: 23320473 DOI: 10.1111/trf.12078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2012] [Revised: 11/05/2012] [Accepted: 11/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Umbilical cord blood (UCB) is a good source of hematopoietic stem cells for transplantation and cell therapy. In 2006, the Brazilian Public Network of Cord Blood Banks was founded; however, because our country is large, logistic problems could hamper the collection of numerous samples. Our aim was to evaluate the viability of several UCB cell subsets until 96 hours after collection, to examine whether this delay would be acceptable for processing and freezing the samples. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Two experiments were performed: in the first one, volume reduction of the UCB units was carried out before analysis. In the second one, analysis was carried out with no previous manipulation. Samples were stored at room temperature and one aliquot was taken daily for analysis. We examined CD34+ cell, B-cell precursor, mature B and T lymphocyte, monocyte, granulocyte, and mesenchymal stem cell (MSCs) concentrations. RESULTS Thirty-six UCB units were analyzed. CD34+ cells and mature T lymphocytes increased (viability 99%). Mature B lymphocytes and MSCs decreased, maintaining viability. Granulocytes decreased with loss of viability. Monocytes and immature B lymphocytes remained stable. Clonogenic assays showed a decrease in colony-forming unit (CFU) number in UCB units stored for 96 hours. CONCLUSION UCB manipulation did not influence cell viability. All cell subsets remained viable until 96 hours after collection. CD34+ cells and T lymphocytes increased, probably due to the loss of other subsets. CFU growth during the period analyzed and confirmed stem cell functionality, despite the decrease at 96 hours. Results demonstrated that UCB units could probably be processed up to 96 hours after collection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda G Pereira-Cunha
- Flow Cytometry Laboratory and Public Umbilical Cord Blood Bank of Haematology Hemotherapy Center, INCT do Sangue, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Stavropoulos-Giokas C, Dinou A, Papassavas A. The Role of HLA in Cord Blood Transplantation. BONE MARROW RESEARCH 2012; 2012:485160. [PMID: 23097706 PMCID: PMC3477523 DOI: 10.1155/2012/485160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2012] [Accepted: 09/12/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, umbilical cord blood (CB), a rich source of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC), has been used successfully as an alternative HSC source to treat a variety of hematologic, immunologic, genetic, and oncologic disorders. CB has several advantages, including prompt availability of the transplant, decrease of graft versus host disease (GVHD) and better long-term immune recovery, resulting in a similar long-term survival. Studies have shown that some degree of HLA mismatches is acceptable. This review is intended to outline the main aspects of HLA matching in different settings (related, pediatric, adult, or double-unit HSCT), its effect on transplantation outcome and the role of HLA in donor selection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Stavropoulos-Giokas
- Hellenic Cord Blood Bank, Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens (BRFAA), 4 Soranou Efessiou Street, 115 27 Athens, Greece
| | - Amalia Dinou
- Hellenic Cord Blood Bank, Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens (BRFAA), 4 Soranou Efessiou Street, 115 27 Athens, Greece
| | - Andreas Papassavas
- Hellenic Cord Blood Bank, Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens (BRFAA), 4 Soranou Efessiou Street, 115 27 Athens, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Prasongchean W, Ferretti P. Autologous stem cells for personalised medicine. N Biotechnol 2012; 29:641-50. [PMID: 22561284 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2012.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2011] [Revised: 04/17/2012] [Accepted: 04/19/2012] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Increasing understanding of stem cell biology, the ability to reprogramme differentiated cells to a pluripotent state and evidence of multipotency in certain adult somatic stem cells has opened the door to exciting therapeutic advances as well as a great deal of regulatory and ethical issues. Benefits will come from the possibility of modelling human diseases and develop individualised therapies, and from their use in transplantation and bioengineering. The use of autologous stem cells is highly desirable, as it avoids the problem of tissue rejection, and also reduces ethical and regulatory issues. Identification of the most appropriate cell sources for different potential applications, development of appropriate clinical grade methodologies and large scale well controlled clinical trials will be essential to assess safety and value of cell based therapies, which have been generating much hope, but are by and large not yet close to becoming standard clinical practice. We briefly discuss stem cells in the context of tissue repair and regenerative medicine, with a focus on individualised clinical approaches, and give examples of sources of autologous cells with potential for clinical intervention.
Collapse
|
50
|
Querol S. Cord blood banking: current status. Hematology 2012; 17 Suppl 1:S185-8. [PMID: 22507816 DOI: 10.1179/102453312x13336169157013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cord blood is increasingly used as a hematopoietic progenitor cell source for bone marrow transplantation. METHODS Development of cord blood banks for altruistic use was essential to open the possibility of opting for cord blood therapy for patients lacking a conventional donor. RESULTS Cord blood has major advantages as a resource for donor provision. First, it universalizes the access to the therapy since it allows transplantation of partially matched HLA grafts, benefiting ethnicities less represented in the adult volunteer list. Second, it is an off-the-shelf, ready-to-use source that avoids donor risk and attrition. Third, potentially it has better long term sustainability if a defined optimal size of the inventory is achieved; currently, more than 80% of patients, regardless ethnicity, can find a reliable cord blood donor with the current worldwide inventory. CONCLUSION In order that this approach may definitely solve the problem of an equitable access to the therapy, two aspects need to be improved: the quality of CB inventories (driven by a higher stringency of regulatory requirements), and clinical outcomes, particularly understanding the appropriate donor selection and focusing research on accelerating the speed of engraftment and immune reconstitution.
Collapse
|