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Ouedrhiri W, Bennis I, El Arroussi H. Recent advances in microalgae-based vitamin D metabolome: Biosynthesis, and production. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024:131078. [PMID: 38977035 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.131078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Vitamin D (VD) production-based microalgae biosynthesis presents various benefits including sustainability, fast expansion, and the capacity to generate substantial quantities. However, this approach suffers from serious challenges that require effective cultivation methods and extraction processes. Indeed, further researches are of significant interest to understand the biosynthesis pathways, enhance the processes, and ensure its viability. In this context, the present review focuses on an in-depth understanding of the chemistry of VD and its analogues and provides a comprehensive explanation of the biosynthesis pathways, precursors, and production methods. In addition, this work discusses the state of the art reflecting the recent advances researches and the global market of microalgae as a potential source of VD. In sum, this paper demonstrates that microalgae can efficiently biosynthesize various forms of VD, presenting a sustainable alternative for VD production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wessal Ouedrhiri
- Algal Biotechnology Center, Moroccan Foundation for Advanced Science, Innovation and Research (MAScIR), University Mohamed 6 Polytechnic (UM6P), BenGuerir, Morocc.
| | - Imane Bennis
- Plant and Microbial Biotechnology Center, Moroccan Foundation for Advanced Science, Innovation and Research (MAScIR), Rabat Design Centre, Rue Mohamed Al Jazouli, Madinate Al Irfane, 10100 Rabat, Morocc
| | - Hicham El Arroussi
- Algal Biotechnology Center, Moroccan Foundation for Advanced Science, Innovation and Research (MAScIR), University Mohamed 6 Polytechnic (UM6P), BenGuerir, Morocc
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2
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Anish RJ, Nair A. Osteoporosis management-current and future perspectives - A systemic review. J Orthop 2024; 53:101-113. [PMID: 38495575 PMCID: PMC10940894 DOI: 10.1016/j.jor.2024.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Osteoporosis is a geriatric metabolic ailment distinguished by low bone mineral density (BMD) and strength with enhanced micro-architectural retrogression of the extracellular matrix, further increasing bone fragility risk. Osteoporotic fractures and associated complications become common in women and men after 55 and 65 years, respectively. The loss in BMD markedly enhances the risk of fracture, non-skeletal injury, and subsequent pain, adversely affecting the quality of life. Methods Data summarised in this review were sourced and summarised, including contributions from 2008 to 2023, online from scientific search engines, based on scientific inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results Biochemical serum markers such as BALP, collagen, osteocalcin, and cathepsin-K levels can reveal the osteoporotic status. DEXA scan techniques evaluate the whole body's BMD and bone mineral content (BMC), crucial in osteoporosis management. Anabolic and anti-osteoporotic agents are commonly used to enhance bone formation, minimize bone resorption, and regulate remodelling. The challenges and side effects of drug therapy can be overcome by combining the various drug moieties. Conclusion The current review discusses the management protocol for osteoporosis, ranging from lifestyle modification, including physical exercise, pharmaceutical approaches, drug delivery applications, and advanced therapeutic possibilities of AI and machine learning techniques to reduce osteoporosis complications and fracture risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajamohanan Jalaja Anish
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kerala, Kariyavattom Campus, Trivandrum, 695581, India
| | - Aswathy Nair
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kerala, Kariyavattom Campus, Trivandrum, 695581, India
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3
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Haghmorad D, Soltanmohammadi A, Jadid Tavaf M, Zargarani S, Yazdanpanah E, Shadab A, Yousefi B. The protective role of interaction between vitamin D, sex hormones and calcium in multiple sclerosis. Int J Neurosci 2024; 134:735-753. [PMID: 36369838 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2022.2147431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurological disorder that causes disability and paralysis, especially among young adults. Although interactions of several factors, such as viral infections, autoimmunity, genetic and environmental factors, performance a role in the beginning and progression of the disease, the exact cause of MS is unknown to date. Different immune cells such as Th1 and Th17 play an impressive role in the immunopathogenesis of MS, while, regulatory cells such as Th2 and Treg diminish the severity of the illness. Sex hormones have a vital role in many autoimmune disorders, including multiple sclerosis. Testosterone, estrogen and progesterone have various roles in the progress of MS, which higher prevalence of disease in women and more severe in men reveals the importance of sex hormones' role in this disease. Vitamin D after chemical changes in the body, as an active hormone called calcitriol, plays an important role in regulating immune responses and improves MS by modulating the immune system. The optimum level of calcium in the body with vitamin D modulates immune responses and calcium as an essential ion in the body plays a key role in the treatment of autoimmune diseases. The interaction between vitamin D and sex hormones has protective and therapeutic effects against MS and functional synergy between estrogen and calcitriol occurs in disease recovery. Moreover, vitamin D and calcium interact with each other to regulate the immune system and shift them to anti-inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dariush Haghmorad
- Cancer Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Azita Soltanmohammadi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Maryam Jadid Tavaf
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Simin Zargarani
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Esmaeil Yazdanpanah
- Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology and Allergy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Alireza Shadab
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Cancer Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
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4
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Eliason O, Malitsky S, Panizel I, Feldmesser E, Porat Z, Sperfeld M, Segev E. The photo-protective role of vitamin D in the microalga Emiliania huxleyi. iScience 2024; 27:109884. [PMID: 38799580 PMCID: PMC11126961 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
An essential interaction between sunlight and eukaryotes involves vitamin D production through exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation. While extensively studied in vertebrates, the role of vitamin D in non-animal eukaryotes like microalgae remains unclear. Here, we investigate the potential involvement of vitamin D in the UV-triggered response of Emiliania huxleyi, a microalga inhabiting shallow ocean depths that are exposed to UV. Our results show that E. huxleyi produces vitamin D2 and D3 in response to UV. We further demonstrate that E. huxleyi responds to external administration of vitamin D at the transcriptional level, regulating protective mechanisms that are also responsive to UV. Our data reveal that vitamin D addition enhances algal photosynthetic performance while reducing harmful reactive oxygen species buildup. This study contributes to understanding the function of vitamin D in E. huxleyi and its role in non-animal eukaryotes, as well as its potential importance in marine ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Or Eliason
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Sergey Malitsky
- Department of Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Irina Panizel
- Department of Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Ester Feldmesser
- Department of Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Ziv Porat
- Department of Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Martin Sperfeld
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Einat Segev
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
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5
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Zhang Y, Yu C, Li X. Kidney Aging and Chronic Kidney Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6585. [PMID: 38928291 PMCID: PMC11204319 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The process of aging inevitably leads to an increase in age-related comorbidities, including chronic kidney disease (CKD). In many aspects, CKD can be considered a state of accelerated and premature aging. Aging kidney and CKD have numerous common characteristic features, ranging from pathological presentation and clinical manifestation to underlying mechanisms. The shared mechanisms underlying the process of kidney aging and the development of CKD include the increase in cellular senescence, the decrease in autophagy, mitochondrial dysfunction, and the alterations of epigenetic regulation, suggesting the existence of potential therapeutic targets that are applicable to both conditions. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the common characteristics between aging kidney and CKD, encompassing morphological changes, functional alterations, and recent advancements in understanding the underlying mechanisms. Moreover, we discuss potential therapeutic strategies for targeting senescent cells in both the aging process and CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA;
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Chen Yu
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China;
| | - Xiaogang Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA;
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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Tseng TH, Chu CH, Fang HH, Zeng FR, Lin CM. Significance of identifying diverse underlying etiologies in neonatal hypocalcemia. Pediatr Neonatol 2024:S1875-9572(24)00086-X. [PMID: 38910077 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedneo.2024.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Hsiang Tseng
- Department of Pediatrics, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hao Chu
- Department of Pediatrics, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, Zuoying Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Hsiang Fang
- Department of Pediatrics, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Ruei Zeng
- Department of Pediatrics, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Ming Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
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7
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Abbasi H, Rahnemayan S, Alawfi JS, Mirshekari M, Taheri N, Farhoudi M. The Link Between Vitamin D and the Risk of Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Systematic Review. World Neurosurg 2024:S1878-8750(24)00987-2. [PMID: 38876189 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2024.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D (VD) is one of the fat-soluble vitamins proposed to be associated with aSAH. According to the clinical evidence, this investigation explores the link between VD concentrations and clinical outcomes in aSAH patients. METHODS This systematic review was executed based on the PRISMA 2020 statement. Observational studies that evaluated the serum VD concentrations in aSAH patients were considered as included articles. Review articles, case reports, letters, commentaries, non-English papers, and conference abstracts were excluded. Five online databases-Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Ovid-were searched up to November 23, 2023, and based on the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, the risk of bias was assessed. RESULTS Out of 383 articles initially identified, eventually 7 studies were included in the systematic review. These studies were conducted between 2016 and 2023 and included a total of 333,907 patients. The varying results suggest that VD may impact clinical outcomes in aSAH patients. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights the complex association between VD concentration and the risk of aSAH. The observed inconsistencies in study outcomes suggest that the relationship between VD and aSAH is multifaceted and may be influenced by various factors, including study population, geographical location, and methodological approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Abbasi
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Neurosciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sama Rahnemayan
- Neurosciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Jumanah S Alawfi
- Clinical Nutrition Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mobin Mirshekari
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Niloofar Taheri
- School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Mehdi Farhoudi
- Neurosciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Haidinger M, Putallaz E, Ravioli S, Exadaktylos A, Lindner G. Severe hypocalcemia in the emergency department: a retrospective cohort study of prevalence, etiology, treatment and outcome. Intern Emerg Med 2024:10.1007/s11739-024-03659-8. [PMID: 38839645 DOI: 10.1007/s11739-024-03659-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of severe hypocalcemia in patients attending the emergency department. Symptoms, causes, treatment, and outcome of severe hypocalcemia as well as course of calcium concentrations were assessed. This retrospective case series included all adult patients with measurements of serum calcium concentrations presenting to the emergency department of the Bürgerspital Solothurn between January 01 in 2017 and December 31 in 2020. Medical record reviews were performed of all patients with severe hypocalcemia, defined by a serum calcium concentration < 1.9 mmol/L, to assess clinical presentation and management. 1265 (3.95%) patients had a serum calcium concentration of < 2.1 mmol/L of which 139 (11%) had severe hypocalcemia of < 1.9 mmol/L. 113 patients had at least one measurement of albumin. Of these, 43 (3.4%) had an albumin-corrected serum calcium < 1.9 mmol/L defining true, severe hypocalcemia. Hypocalcemia was identified and documented in 35% of all cases. The mean serum calcium concentration was 1.74 ± 0.14 mmol/L. Calcium concentrations in malignancy-related hypocalcemia were similar to non-malignancy-related hypocalcemia. The main symptoms attributed to hypocalcemia were cardiac and neurologic. 12% of patients with severe hypocalcemia received intravenous and 23% oral calcium replacement. Active malignancy was the main cause of severe hypocalcemia in 28%, while in most cases, the main cause remained unclear. 41.9% of severely hypocalcemic patients reattended the emergency department for another episode of hypocalcemia within 1 year. Hypocalcemia is common in patients attending the emergency department, however, appears to be neglected frequently. The disorder is often a manifestation of severe disease, triggered by multiple causes. Calcium replacement was administered in less than half of the patients with severe hypocalcemia in this study. Due to frequent readmissions to the emergency department and a high mortality, increased awareness of the disorder and careful follow-up are desirable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Haidinger
- Department of Internal Medicine, Spital Bülach, Spitalstrasse 24, 8180, Bülach, Switzerland.
| | - Emmanuel Putallaz
- Department of Internal and Emergency Medicine, Bürgerspital Solothurn, Solothurn, Switzerland
| | - Svenja Ravioli
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Kepler Universitätsklinikum GmbH, Johannes Kepler Universität Linz, Linz, Austria
| | | | - Gregor Lindner
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Kepler Universitätsklinikum GmbH, Johannes Kepler Universität Linz, Linz, Austria
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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9
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Soares LL, Leite LB, Freitas MO, Ervilha LOG, Píccolo MS, Portes AMO, Drummond FR, Rezende LMTDE, Neves MM, Reis ECC, Carneiro-Júnior MA, Natali AJ. Effect of experimental pulmonary arterial hypertension on renal and bone parameters of rats submitted to resistance exercise training. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2024; 96:e20230446. [PMID: 38655920 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202420230446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by right ventricular failure and diminished cardiac output, potentially leading to renal and bone impairments. In contrast, resistance exercise training (RT) offers cardiovascular and bone health benefits. This study aimed to assess the impacts of stable PAH induced by monocrotaline (MCT) and RT on renal morphometry, as well as bone morphometry and biomechanical properties in male Wistar rats. Four experimental groups, untrained control (UC, n=7), trained control (TC, n=7), untrained hypertensive (UH, n=7), trained hypertensive (TH, n=7), were defined. After the first MCT or saline injection (20 mg/kg), trained rats were submitted to a RT program (i.e., Ladder climbing), 5 times/week. Seven days later the rats received the second MCT or saline dose. After euthanasia, renal and femoral histomorphometry and femoral biomechanical properties were assessed. PAH reduced renal glomerular area and volume, which was prevented by the RT. While PAH did not harm the femoral morphometry, structural and mechanical properties, RT improved the femoral parameters (e.g., length, percentage of trabeculae and bone marrow, ultimte and yield loads). Experimental stable PAH promotes renal but not bone damages, whereas RT prevents renal deteriorations and improves the femoral morphological and biomechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leôncio L Soares
- Federal University of Viçosa, Department of Physical Education, Av. PH Rolfs, s/n, University Campus, Center, 36570-900 Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Luciano B Leite
- Federal University of Viçosa, Department of Physical Education, Av. PH Rolfs, s/n, University Campus, Center, 36570-900 Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Maíra O Freitas
- Federal University of Viçosa, Department of Physical Education, Av. PH Rolfs, s/n, University Campus, Center, 36570-900 Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Luiz Otávio G Ervilha
- Federal University of Viçosa, Department of General Biology, Av. PH Rolfs, s/n, University Campus, Center, 36570-900 Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Mayra S Píccolo
- Federal University of Viçosa, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Av. PH Rolfs, s/n, University Campus, Center, 36570-900 Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Alexandre M O Portes
- Federal University of Ouro Preto, Department of Pharmacology, Professor Paulo Magalhães Gomes Street, 122, Bauxita, 35400-000 Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
| | - Filipe R Drummond
- Federal University of Viçosa, Department of General Biology, Av. PH Rolfs, s/n, University Campus, Center, 36570-900 Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Mateus T DE Rezende
- Federal University of Viçosa, Department of Physical Education, Av. PH Rolfs, s/n, University Campus, Center, 36570-900 Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Mariana M Neves
- Federal University of Viçosa, Department of General Biology, Av. PH Rolfs, s/n, University Campus, Center, 36570-900 Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Emily C C Reis
- Federal University of Viçosa, Department of Veterinary, Av. PH Rolfs, s/n, University Campus, Center, 36570-900 Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Miguel A Carneiro-Júnior
- Federal University of Viçosa, Department of Physical Education, Av. PH Rolfs, s/n, University Campus, Center, 36570-900 Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Antônio José Natali
- Federal University of Viçosa, Department of Physical Education, Av. PH Rolfs, s/n, University Campus, Center, 36570-900 Viçosa, MG, Brazil
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10
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Delanghe JR, Delrue C, Speeckaert R, Speeckaert MM. The potential role of vitamin D binding protein in kidney disease: a comprehensive review. Acta Clin Belg 2024; 79:130-142. [PMID: 38166537 DOI: 10.1080/17843286.2023.2301278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a growing health concern with a complex etiological landscape. Among the numerous factors implicated, vitamin D binding protein (VDBP) has emerged as a focal point of scientific studies because of its critical role in vitamin D metabolism and immune modulation. The relationship between VDBP and CKD reveals a complex web of molecular and biochemical details that have great potential for improving diagnostic understanding and treatment strategies for CKD. This review summarizes the multifaceted roles of VDBP, including its molecular dynamics, interactions with vitamin D, and subsequent implications for kidney function. The main focus of the discussion is how VDBP affects bone mineral homeostasis, highlighted by the dysregulation of calcium and phosphorus metabolism, which is a part of the pathophysiology of CKD. The discussion also touches on the immunomodulatory scope of VDBP and how it may reduce the chronic inflammatory environment that accompanies CKD. The diagnostic potential of VDBP as a biomarker for CKD has been rigorously examined, highlighting its capacity to improve early detection and prognostic assessment. Modification of VDBP activity has the potential to slow the course of CKD and improve patient outcomes. Furthermore, a detailed examination of the genetic polymorphisms of VDBP and their implications for CKD susceptibility and treatment responsiveness provides a perspective for personalized medical methods. Prospects for the future depend on the expansion of studies that try to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying the VDBP-CKD interaction, in addition to clinical trials that evaluate the effectiveness of VDBP-focused treatment approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joris R Delanghe
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Charlotte Delrue
- Department of Nephrology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Marijn M Speeckaert
- Department of Nephrology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
- Research Foundation-Flanders (FWO), Ghent University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium
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Gaemelke T, Laustsen C, Feys P, Folkestad L, Andersen MS, Jørgensen NR, Jørgensen ML, Jespersen SN, Ringgaard S, Eskildsen SF, Dalgas U, Hvid LG. Effects of power training in older patients with multiple sclerosis on neurodegeneration, neuromuscular function, and physical function. A study protocol for the "power training in older multiple sclerosis patients (PoTOMS) randomized control trial. Contemp Clin Trials Commun 2024; 38:101279. [PMID: 38444875 PMCID: PMC10912361 DOI: 10.1016/j.conctc.2024.101279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Approximately one-third of all persons with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) are older, i.e., having an age ≥60 years. Whilst ageing and MS separately elicit deteriorating effects on brain morphology, neuromuscular function, and physical function, the combination of ageing and MS may pose a particular challenge. To counteract such detrimental changes, power training (i.e., a type of resistance exercise focusing on moderate-to-high loading at maximal intended movement velocity) presents itself as a viable and highly effective solution. Power training is known to positively impact physical function, neuromuscular function, as well as brain morphology. Existing evidence is promising but limited to young and middle-aged pwMS, with the effects of power training remaining to be elucidated in older pwMS. Methods The presented 'Power Training in Older MS patients (PoTOMS)' trial is a national, multi-center, parallel-group, randomized controlled trial. The trial compares 24 weeks of usual care(n = 30) to 24 weeks of usual care and power training (n = 30). The primary outcome is whole brain atrophy rate. The secondary outcomes include changes in brain micro and macro structures, neuromuscular function, physical function, cognitive function, bone health, and patient-reported outcomes. Ethics and dissemination The presented study is approved by The Regional Ethics Committee (reference number 1-10-72-222-20) and registered at the Danish Data Protection Agency (reference number 2016-051-000001). All study findings will be published in scientific peer-reviewed journals and presented at relevant scientific conferences independent of the results. The www.clinicaltrials.gov identifier is NCT04762342.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Gaemelke
- Exercise Biology, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Christoffer Laustsen
- The MR Research Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Peter Feys
- REVAL, Rehabilitation Research Center, BIOMED, Biomedical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Lars Folkestad
- Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | | | - Niklas Rye Jørgensen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Sune Nørhøj Jespersen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Center of Functionally Integrative Neuroscience and MINDLab, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Steffen Ringgaard
- The MR Research Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Simon F. Eskildsen
- Center of Functionally Integrative Neuroscience and MINDLab, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ulrik Dalgas
- Exercise Biology, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Lars G. Hvid
- Exercise Biology, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- The Danish MS Hospitals, Ry and Haslev, Denmark
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Yu WX, Poon CCW, Zhou LP, Wong KY, Cao SS, Lam CY, Lee WYW, Wong MS. Oleanolic acid exerts bone anabolic effects via activation of osteoblastic 25-hydroxyvitamin D 1-alpha hydroxylase. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 173:116402. [PMID: 38471277 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Oleanolic acid (OA) is previously shown to exert bone protective effects in aged animals. However, its role in regulating osteoblastic vitamin D bioactivation, which is one of major causes of age-related bone loss, remains unclear. Our results revealed that treatment of OA significantly increased skeletal CYP27B1 expression and circulating 1,25(OH)2D3 in ovariectomized mice (p <0.01). Moreover, OA upregulated CYP27B1 protein expression and activity, as well as the vitamin D-responsive bone markers alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and osteopontin (OPN) protein expression, in human osteoblast-like MG-63 cells (p<0.05). CYP27B1 expression increased along with the osteoblastic differentiation of human bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). CYP27B1 expression and cellular 1,25(OH)2D3 production were further potentiated by OA in cells at mature osteogenic stages. Notably, our study suggested that the osteogenic actions of OA were CYP27B1 dependent. In summary, the bone protective effects of OA were associated with the induction of CYP27B1 activity and expression in bone tissues and osteoblastic lineages. Hence, OA might be a potential approach for management of age-related bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Xuan Yu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China; Shenzhen Research Institute of The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology (Incubation), Shenzhen, China
| | - Christina Chui-Wa Poon
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China; Shenzhen Research Institute of The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology (Incubation), Shenzhen, China; Research Centre for Chinese Medicine Innovation, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China
| | - Li-Ping Zhou
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China; Research Centre for Chinese Medicine Innovation, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China; School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ka-Ying Wong
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China; Shenzhen Research Institute of The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology (Incubation), Shenzhen, China
| | - Si-Si Cao
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chung-Yan Lam
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wayne Yuk-Wai Lee
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China; SH Ho Scoliosis Research Laboratory, Joint Scoliosis Research Center of the Chinese University of Hong Kong and Nanjing University, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Man-Sau Wong
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China; Shenzhen Research Institute of The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology (Incubation), Shenzhen, China; Research Centre for Chinese Medicine Innovation, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China.
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Salama RM, Eissa N, Doghish AS, Abulsoud AI, Abdelmaksoud NM, Mohammed OA, Abdel Mageed SS, Darwish SF. Decoding the secrets of longevity: unraveling nutraceutical and miRNA-Mediated aging pathways and therapeutic strategies. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2024; 5:1373741. [PMID: 38605867 PMCID: PMC11007187 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2024.1373741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short RNA molecules that are not involved in coding for proteins. They have a significant function in regulating gene expression after the process of transcription. Their participation in several biological processes has rendered them appealing subjects for investigating age-related disorders. Increasing data indicates that miRNAs can be influenced by dietary variables, such as macronutrients, micronutrients, trace minerals, and nutraceuticals. This review examines the influence of dietary factors and nutraceuticals on the regulation of miRNA in relation to the process of aging. We examine the present comprehension of miRNA disruption in age-related illnesses and emphasize the possibility of dietary manipulation as a means of prevention or treatment. Consolidating animal and human research is essential to validate the significance of dietary miRNA control in living organisms, despite the abundance of information already provided by several studies. This review elucidates the complex interaction among miRNAs, nutrition, and aging, offering valuable insights into promising areas for further research and potential therapies for age-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania M. Salama
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nermin Eissa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Abu Dhabi University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ahmed S. Doghish
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Cairo, Egypt
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Egypt
| | - Ahmed I. Abulsoud
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Egypt
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Osama A. Mohammed
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sherif S. Abdel Mageed
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Samar F. Darwish
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Cairo, Egypt
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14
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Yu Z, Li Y, Ba DM, Veldheer SJ, Sun L, Geng T, Gao X. Trends in Calcium Intake among the US Population: Results from the NHANES (1999-2018). Nutrients 2024; 16:726. [PMID: 38474853 DOI: 10.3390/nu16050726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Inadequate calcium intake is common in the US. Trends in calcium intake among the US population have been less studied, especially in more recent years. We used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2000 to 2017-2018 to study trends in calcium derived from diet and dietary supplements among the US population aged 2 years, stratified by sex, age group, race, and ethnicity. Among the 80,880 participants included in our study, a substantial portion consistently lacked sufficient calcium intake, even when considering calcium from supplements. Concerning trends were observed over the more recent ten years (2009-2018), with decreased dietary calcium intake and no significant improvement in the prevalence of dietary calcium intake < Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) or the prevalence of taking calcium-containing dietary supplements among them. Decreasing trends in dietary calcium intake were more concerning among men, children, and non-Hispanic Whites. Attention should be given to subgroups with higher calcium intake requirements (e.g., 9-18 years and 60+ years), and subgroups with low levels of dietary calcium and a low prevalence of obtaining calcium from dietary supplements (e.g., the non-Hispanic Black subgroup). Concerning trends of calcium intake were observed among the US population from 2009 to 2018. Tailored guidance on dietary choices and dietary supplement use is required to change consumers' behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyi Yu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Institute of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yaqi Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Institute of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Djibril M Ba
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Susan J Veldheer
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Liang Sun
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Institute of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Tingting Geng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Institute of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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15
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Graybeal AJ, Brandner CF, Stavres J. Conflicting Associations among Bioelectrical Impedance and Cardiometabolic Health Parameters in Young White and Black Adults. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2024; 56:418-426. [PMID: 37882087 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000003321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this cross-sectional evaluation was to determine the associations between raw bioelectrical impedance and cardiometabolic health parameters in a sample of young non-Hispanic White and African American adults. METHODS A total of 96 (female: 52, male: 44) non-Hispanic White ( n = 45) and African American adults ( n = 51) between the ages of 19 and 37 yr (22.7 ± 3.83 yr) completed several fasted assessments including resting systolic blood pressure (rSBP), blood glucose (FBG), blood lipids, and bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy. Bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy-derived measurements included phase angle, bioimpedance index (BI), impedance ratio (IR), reactance index (XCi), fat-free mass (FFM), FFM index (FFMi), and absolute (a) and relative (%) total body water (TBW) and extracellular (ECF) and intracellular fluid (ICF). All bioelectric variables were collected at 50 kHz other than IR (250 kHz/5 kHz). Multiple regressions were conducted and adjusted for sex, age, and body mass index. RESULTS rSBP was positively, and HDL was inversely, associated with all bioelectrical impedance and absolute hydration variables (all P ≤ 0.050) other than XCi for rSBP and XCi and FFMi for HDL. rSBP ( P < 0.001) was inversely, and HDL ( P = 0.034) was positively, associated with IR. FBG was positively associated with BI, XCi, FFM, TBWa, and ECFa (all P < 0.050). Metabolic syndrome severity was positively associated with BI, FFM, TBWa, and ECFa for women (all P ≤ 0.050) and with ICFa for African American women ( P = 0.016). CONCLUSIONS Given the rapid increase in the prevalence of cardiometabolic health risks among young adults and the broad use of bioelectrical impedance in practice, the conflicting associations we observed in this age group suggest that bioelectrical impedance parameters should be used with caution in the context of cardiometabolic health risks and age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin J Graybeal
- School of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS
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16
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Wu D, Chen W. Molecular mechanisms and emerging therapies in wild-type transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy. Heart Fail Rev 2024; 29:511-521. [PMID: 38233673 PMCID: PMC10942909 DOI: 10.1007/s10741-023-10380-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Wild-type transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy (ATTRwt-CM) is an underrecognized cause of heart failure due to misfolded wild-type transthyretin (TTRwt) myocardial deposition. The development of wild-type TTR amyloid fibrils is a complex pathological process linked to the deterioration of homeostatic mechanisms owing to aging, plausibly implicating multiple molecular mechanisms. The components of amyloid transthyretin often include serum amyloid P, proteoglycans, and clusterin, which may play essential roles in the localization and elimination of amyloid fibrils. Oxidative stress, impaired mitochondrial function, and perturbation of intracellular calcium dynamics induced by TTR contribute to cardiac impairment. Recently, tafamidis has been the only drug approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of ATTRwt-CM. In addition, small interfering RNAs and antisense oligonucleotides for ATTR-CM are promising therapeutic approaches and are currently in phase III clinical trials. Newly emerging therapies, such as antibodies targeting amyloid, inhibitors of seed formation, and CRISPR‒Cas9 technology, are currently in the early stages of research. The development of novel therapies is based on progress in comprehending the molecular events behind amyloid cardiomyopathy. There is still a need to further advance innovative treatments, providing patients with access to alternative and effective therapies, especially for patients diagnosed at a late stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danni Wu
- Dept. of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Dept. of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
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Li T, Yuan J, Xu P, Jia J, Zhao J, Zhang J, Ding R, Zhao X, He D, Wu T, Cheng X. PMAIP1, a novel diagnostic and potential therapeutic biomarker in osteoporosis. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:3694-3715. [PMID: 38372699 PMCID: PMC10929792 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoporosis is a common endocrine metabolic bone disease, which may lead to severe consequences. However, the unknown molecular mechanism of osteoporosis, the observable side effects of present treatments and the inability to fundamentally improve bone metabolism seriously restrict the impact of prevention and treatment. The study aims to identify potential biomarkers from osteoclast progenitors, specifically peripheral blood monocytes on predicting the osteoporotic phenotype. METHODS Datasets were obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Based on the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and GSEA results, GO and KEGG analyses were performed using the DAVID database and Metascape database. PPI network, TF network, drug-gene interaction network, and ceRNA network were established to determine the hub genes. Its osteogenesis, migration, and proliferation abilities in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were validated through RT-qPCR, WB, ALP staining, VK staining, wound healing assay, transwell assay, and CCK-8 assay. RESULTS A total of 63 significant DEGs were screened. Functional and pathway enrichment analysis discovered that the functions of the significant DEGs (SDEGs) are mainly related to immunity and metal ions. A comprehensive evaluation of all the network analyses, PMAIP1 was defined as osteoporosis's core gene. This conclusion was further confirmed in clinical cohort data. A series of experiments demonstrated that the PMAIP1 gene can promote the osteogenesis, migration and proliferation of BMSC cells. CONCLUSIONS All of these outcomes showed a new theoretical basis for further research in the treatment of osteoporosis, and PMAIP1 was identified as a potential biomarker for osteoporosis diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Li
- Institute of Orthopaedics of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jinghong Yuan
- Institute of Orthopaedics of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Osteoporosis, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Peichuan Xu
- Institute of Orthopaedics of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jingyu Jia
- Institute of Orthopaedics of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Osteoporosis, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jiangminghao Zhao
- Department of Osteoporosis, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Institute of Orthopaedics of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Osteoporosis, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Rui Ding
- Institute of Orthopaedics of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaokun Zhao
- Department of Osteoporosis, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Dingwen He
- Institute of Orthopaedics of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Tianlong Wu
- Institute of Orthopaedics of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xigao Cheng
- Institute of Orthopaedics of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Osteoporosis, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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18
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Tseng WHS, Chattopadhyay A, Phan NN, Chuang EY, Lee OK. Utilizing multimodal approach to identify candidate pathways and biomarkers and predicting frailty syndrome in individuals from UK Biobank. GeroScience 2024; 46:1211-1228. [PMID: 37523034 PMCID: PMC10828416 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-00874-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Frailty, a prevalent clinical syndrome in aging adults, is characterized by poor health outcomes, represented via a standardized frailty-phenotype (FP), and Frailty Index (FI). While the relevance of the syndrome is gaining awareness, much remains unclear about its underlying biology. Further elucidation of the genetic determinants and possible underlying mechanisms may help improve patients' outcomes allowing healthy aging.Genotype, clinical and demographic data of subjects (aged 60-73 years) from UK Biobank were utilized. FP was defined on Fried's criteria. FI was calculated using electronic-health-records. Genome-wide-association-studies (GWAS) were conducted and polygenic-risk-scores (PRS) were calculated for both FP and FI. Functional analysis provided interpretations of underlying biology. Finally, machine-learning (ML) models were trained using clinical, demographic and PRS towards identifying frail from non-frail individuals.Thirty-one loci were significantly associated with FI accounting for 12% heritability. Seventeen of those were known associations for body-mass-index, coronary diseases, cholesterol-levels, and longevity, while the rest were novel. Significant genes CDKN2B and APOE, previously implicated in aging, were reported to be enriched in lipoprotein-particle-remodeling. Linkage-disequilibrium-regression identified specific regulation in limbic-system, associated with long-term memory and cognitive-function. XGboost was established as the best performing ML model with area-under-curve as 85%, sensitivity and specificity as 0.75 and 0.8, respectively.This study provides novel insights into increased vulnerability and risk stratification of frailty syndrome via a multi-modal approach. The findings suggest frailty as a highly polygenic-trait, enriched in cholesterol-remodeling and metabolism and to be genetically associated with cognitive abilities. ML models utilizing FP and FI + PRS were established that identified frailty-syndrome patients with high accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Watson Hua-Sheng Tseng
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Amrita Chattopadhyay
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Core, Centers of Genomic and Precision Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Nam Nhut Phan
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Core, Centers of Genomic and Precision Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Eric Y Chuang
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Core, Centers of Genomic and Precision Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Biomedical Technology and Device Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Oscar K Lee
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Center for Translational Genomics and Regenerative Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
- Stem Cell Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Department of Orthopedics, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
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19
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Gokuladhas S, Fadason T, Farrow S, Cooper A, O'Sullivan JM. Discovering genetic mechanisms underlying the co-occurrence of Parkinson's disease and non-motor traits. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2024; 10:27. [PMID: 38263313 PMCID: PMC10805842 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-024-00638-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Understanding the biological mechanisms that underlie the non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD) requires comprehensive frameworks that unravel the complex interplay of genetic risk factors. Here, we used a disease-agnostic brain cortex gene regulatory network integrated with Mendelian Randomization analyses that identified 19 genes whose changes in expression were causally linked to PD. We further used the network to identify genes that are regulated by PD-associated genome-wide association study (GWAS) SNPs. Extended protein interaction networks derived from PD-risk genes and PD-associated SNPs identified convergent impacts on biological pathways and phenotypes, connecting PD with established co-occurring traits, including non-motor symptoms. These findings hold promise for therapeutic development. In conclusion, while distinct sets of genes likely influence PD risk and outcomes, the existence of genes in common and intersecting pathways associated with other traits suggests that they may contribute to both increased PD risk and symptom heterogeneity observed in people with Parkinson's.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreemol Gokuladhas
- The Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1023, New Zealand
| | - Tayaza Fadason
- The Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1023, New Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, Auckland, 1010, New Zealand
| | - Sophie Farrow
- The Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1023, New Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, Auckland, 1010, New Zealand
| | - Antony Cooper
- St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Australian Parkinson's Mission, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Justin M O'Sullivan
- The Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1023, New Zealand.
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, Auckland, 1010, New Zealand.
- Australian Parkinson's Mission, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore.
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20
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Xu SM, Lu K, Yang XF, Ye YW, Xu MZ, Shi Q, Gong YQ, Li C. Association between perioperative blood transfusion and length of hospital stay in patients with osteoporotic fractures. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2023; 24:982. [PMID: 38114943 PMCID: PMC10729380 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-023-07101-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies have examined the relationship between perioperative blood transfusion (PBT) and length of hospital stay (LOS) in patients with osteoporotic fractures. This research aims to study the association between PBT and LOS. METHODS This is a retrospective cross-sectional study from the Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Suzhou, China, involving 2357 osteoporotic fractures (OPF) patients who received surgical treatment during hospitalization from January 2017 and March 2022. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the relationship between PBT and LOS. In the analysis, PBT volume was the dependent variable, whereas LOS was the independent variable. Simultaneously, age, gender, body mass index, hemoglobin, primary diagnosis, American Society of Anesthesiologists, creatinine (Cr), anesthesia, surgical method, and Charlson comorbidity index were included as covariates. The generalized additive model was then used to study nonlinear associations. Two piecewise linear regression exemplary evaluated the inception results for smoothing the curve. RESULTS Our results proved that PBT was positively correlated with LOS in the fully adjusted model (β, 0.21; 95% CI, 0.04 to 0.37; P < 0.0001). Furthermore, a "U-shape" nonlinear relationship existed between PBT and LOS. When the concentration of PBT was between 0 and 1.5 units, it was manifested as a negative correlation between PBT and LOS. However, there was a positive association between PBT and LOS when PBT levels exceeded 1.5 units. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that PBT and LOS in the OPF population were independent with a nonlinear relationship. These results suggest that PBT may be protective for patients with long LOS. If these findings are confirmed, the LOS in OPF patients can be regulated through appropriate perioperative blood transfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Ming Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Kunshan, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215300, China
| | - Ke Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, No. 566 East of Qianjin Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215300, China
| | - Xu-Feng Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, No. 566 East of Qianjin Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215300, China
| | - Yao-Wei Ye
- Department of Orthopedics, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Kunshan, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215300, China
| | - Min-Zhe Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, No. 566 East of Qianjin Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215300, China
| | - Qin Shi
- Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Orthopedic Institute of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215031, China
| | - Ya-Qin Gong
- Information Department, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215300, China
| | - Chong Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Kunshan, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215300, China.
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, No. 566 East of Qianjin Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215300, China.
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21
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Milan KL, Jayasuriya R, Harithpriya K, Anuradha M, Ramkumar KM. Impact of vitamin D resistance genes on vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy among the South Indian population. J Reprod Immunol 2023; 160:104143. [PMID: 37738710 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2023.104143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that vitamin D (Vit-D) could be pivotal in maintaining normal glucose homeostasis. Low levels of Vit-D in early pregnancy are associated with a higher risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Though several reports have highlighted the prevalence of vit-D deficiency among pregnant women, its underlying cause has not yet been fully elucidated. In this connection, a few studies have found the development of resistance to Vit-D, including the levels of Vitamin D receptor (VDR) and transcription regulators that modify VDR action, as well as the bioavailability of Vit-D. We aimed to determine the levels of Vit-D resistance genes such as 25-HydroxyVit-D-24-hydroxylase (CYP24A1), VDR repressor genes (SNAIL and SMRT) and their association between Vit-D concentrations in early pregnancy, and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). A prospective observational study was conducted on healthy pregnant women (NGDM; n = 50) and GDM (n = 50) attending routine antenatal care at SRM Medical College Hospital, Chennai, recruited at 12 weeks of gestation. We found that the serum levels of Vit-D were low in GDM subjects and negatively correlated with the fasting glucose levels. Further, increased expressions of Vit-D resistance genes such as CYP24A1, SNAIL, and SMRT were observed in GDM subjects and negatively correlated with the serum levels of Vit-D. Furthermore, we have validated the data using the trophoblast cell line, BeWo, exposed to calcitriol under a hyperglycemic environment. Our finding showed that increased expression of Vit-D resistance genes in pregnancy may be associated with a greater risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes, including GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- K L Milan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R Jayasuriya
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - K Harithpriya
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M Anuradha
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - K M Ramkumar
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India.
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22
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Donayeva A, Kulzhanova D, Amanzholkyzy A, Abdelazim IA, Abilov T, Baubekov Z, Samaha II. Relationship between vitamin D and adolescents' hypothyroidism - a cross-sectional study. PRZEGLAD MENOPAUZALNY = MENOPAUSE REVIEW 2023; 22:186-190. [PMID: 38239402 PMCID: PMC10793608 DOI: 10.5114/pm.2023.133280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Introduction To detect the relationship between 25(OH)D and hypothyroidism in adolescents. Material and methods A total of 180 adolescents were included in the current study, which was conducted in West Kazakhstan (Aktobe) over 2 years. After thorough evaluation, blood samples were collected from the studied participants to measure the thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (T4), prolactin, glycosylated haemoglobin, and 25(OH)D. Participants were classified into a 25(OH)D-deficient group (study group) and controls. MedCalc and correlation analysis (Pearson's correlation) were used to detect the odds of hypothyroidism and the relationship between 25(OH)D and adolescents' hypothyroidism, respectively. Results Thyroid-stimulating hormone was statistically higher in the 25(OH)D-deficient group than in the normal controls (3.71 ±1.4 mIU/ml vs. 2.67 ±0.99) (p = 0.0006), and the free T4 was statistically lower in the 25(OH)D-deficient group than in normal controls (1.4 ±0.56 ng/ml vs. 1.5 ±0.4) (p = 0.0008). The 25(OH)D deficient group had higher odds of subclinical (OR 4.89; p = 0.016), and clinical hypothyroidism (OR 4.3; p = 0.013) compared to controls. A significant negative correlation between the 25(OH)D and TSH (r = -0.793; p < 0.00001), and a significant positive correlation between the 25(OH)D and free T4 (r 0.55; p < 0.00001) were detected in this study. Conclusions The thyroid-stimulating hormone was statistically higher and the free T4 was statistically lower in the 25(OH)D-deficient group than in normal controls. The 25(OH)D-deficient group had higher odds of both subclinical and clinical hypothyroidism compared to controls. A significant negative correlation between the 25(OH)D and TSH, and a significant positive correlation between the 25(OH)D and the free T4 were detected in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ainur Donayeva
- Department of Normal Physiology, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Aktobe, Kazakhstan
| | - Dinara Kulzhanova
- Department of Normal Physiology, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Aktobe, Kazakhstan
| | - Ainur Amanzholkyzy
- Department of Normal Physiology, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Aktobe, Kazakhstan
| | - Ibrahim A. Abdelazim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Talgar Abilov
- Department of Normal Physiology, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Aktobe, Kazakhstan
| | - Zhenisbek Baubekov
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Aktobe, Kazakhstan
| | - Ihab I. Samaha
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
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Amanzholkyzy A, Donayeva A, Kulzhanova D, Abdelazim IA, Abilov T, Baubekov Z, Samaha II. Relation between vitamin D and adolescents' serum prolactin. PRZEGLAD MENOPAUZALNY = MENOPAUSE REVIEW 2023; 22:202-206. [PMID: 38239397 PMCID: PMC10793607 DOI: 10.5114/pm.2023.133883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Introduction To detect whether there is a relation between vitamin D (Vit. D) and adolescents' serum prolactin (PRL) or not. Material and methods Hundred and seventy-six adolescent girls were recruited for the current study, which was conducted in West Kazakhstan (Aktobe) over two years. After thorough evaluation, blood samples were taken from adolescents to measure thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (T4), PRL, glycosylated hemoglobin and 25(OH)D. The studied adolescents were classified into study group [25(OH)D deficient] and controls [normal 25(OH)D]. The acquired adolescents' variables were analyzed using the Student t-test and Pearson's correlation. Results The serum TSH and PRL were statistically higher in the study group than normal controls (3.73 ±1.45 mIU/ml and 47.5 ±7.6 ng/ml vs. 2.67 ±1.0 and 10.8 ±5.1, respectively), (p = 0.0003 and p = 0.0001, respectively). The free T4 was statistically lower in the study group than normal controls (1.4 ±0.6 ng/ml vs. 1.5 ±0.4), (p = 0.0001). Strong negative associations between the serum PRL and 25(OH)D [r = -0.803 (p < 0.00001)], and between the serum PRL and free T4 [r = -0.6959 (p < 0.00001)] were detected in this study. Additionally, there was a strong positive association between the serum PRL and TSH [r = 0.8137 (p < 0.00001)]. Conclusions A strong negative association between the serum PRL and 25(OH)D and a strong positive association between the serum PRL and TSH were detected in this study. This study recommends further studies to confirm the relation between Vit. D and PRL and screening Vit. D deficient adolescents for PRL and thyroid disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ainur Amanzholkyzy
- Department of Normal Physiology, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Aktobe, Kazakhstan
| | - Ainur Donayeva
- Department of Normal Physiology, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Aktobe, Kazakhstan
| | - Dinara Kulzhanova
- Department of Normal Physiology, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Aktobe, Kazakhstan
| | - Ibrahim A. Abdelazim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Talgar Abilov
- Department of Normal Physiology, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Aktobe, Kazakhstan
| | - Zhenisbek Baubekov
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Aktobe, Kazakhstan
| | - Ihab I. Samaha
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
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Vermeulen S, Knoops K, Duimel H, Parvizifard M, van Beurden D, López-Iglesias C, Giselbrecht S, Truckenmüller R, Habibović P, Tahmasebi Birgani Z. An in vitro model system based on calcium- and phosphate ion-induced hMSC spheroid mineralization. Mater Today Bio 2023; 23:100844. [PMID: 38033367 PMCID: PMC10682137 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
A challenge in regenerative medicine is creating the three-dimensional organic and inorganic in vitro microenvironment of bone, which would allow the study of musculoskeletal disorders and the generation of building blocks for bone regeneration. This study presents a microwell-based platform for creating spheroids of human mesenchymal stromal cells, which are then mineralized using ionic calcium and phosphate supplementation. The resulting mineralized spheroids promote an osteogenic gene expression profile through the influence of the spheroids' biophysical environment and inorganic signaling and require less calcium or phosphate to achieve mineralization compared to a monolayer culture. We found that mineralized spheroids represent an in vitro model for studying small molecule perturbations and extracellular mediated calcification. Furthermore, we demonstrate that understanding pathway signaling elicited by the spheroid environment allows mimicking these pathways in traditional monolayer culture, enabling similar rapid mineralization events. In sum, this study demonstrates the rapid generation and employment of a mineralized cell model system for regenerative medicine applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Vermeulen
- Department of Instructive Biomaterials Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Kèvin Knoops
- Microscopy CORE Lab, M4I Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Hans Duimel
- Microscopy CORE Lab, M4I Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Maryam Parvizifard
- Department of Instructive Biomaterials Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Denis van Beurden
- Department of Instructive Biomaterials Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Carmen López-Iglesias
- Microscopy CORE Lab, M4I Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Stefan Giselbrecht
- Department of Instructive Biomaterials Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Roman Truckenmüller
- Department of Instructive Biomaterials Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Pamela Habibović
- Department of Instructive Biomaterials Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Zeinab Tahmasebi Birgani
- Department of Instructive Biomaterials Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
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Li Y, Teng M, Zhao L, Sun J, Yan J, Zhu W, Wu F. Vitamin D modulates disordered lipid metabolism in zebrafish (Danio rerio) liver caused by exposure to polystyrene nanoplastics. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 182:108328. [PMID: 37979534 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
In this study, zebrafish (Danio rerio) were exposed to polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs, 80 nm) at 0, 15, or 150 μg/L for 21 days and supplied with a low or high vitamin D (VD) diet (280 or 2800 IU/kg, respectively, indicated by - or +) to determine whether and how VD can regulate lipid metabolism disorder induced by PS-NPs. Six groups were created according to the PS-NP concentration and VD diet status: 0-, 0+, 15-, 15+,150-, and 150 +. Transmission electron microscopy showed that PS-NPs accumulated in the livers of zebrafish, which led to large numbers of vacuoles and lipid droplets in liver cell matrices; this accumulation was most prominent in the 150- group, wherein the number of lipid droplets increased significantly by 136.36%. However, the number of lipid droplets decreased significantly by 76.92% in the 150+ group compared with the 150- group. An examination of additional biochemical indicators showed that the high VD diet partially reversed the increases in the triglyceride and total cholesterol contents induced by PS-NPs (e.g., triglycerides decreased by 58.52% in the 150+ group, and total cholesterol decreased by 44.64% in the 15+ group), and regulated lipid metabolism disorder mainly by inhibiting lipid biosynthesis. Untargeted lipidomics analysis showed that exposure to PS-NPs was associated mainly with changes in the lipid molecular content related to cell membrane function and lipid biosynthesis and that the high VD diet reduced the content of lipid molecules related to lipid biosynthesis, effectively alleviating cell membrane damage and lipid accumulation. These findings highlight the potential of VD to alleviate lipid metabolism disorder caused by PS-NP exposure, thereby providing new insights into how the toxic effects of NPs on aquatic organisms could be reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Miaomiao Teng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Lihui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Jiaqi Sun
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jin Yan
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Municipal Sewage Resource Utilization Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Wentao Zhu
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Fengchang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
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26
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Li Y, Zhao P, Jiang B, Liu K, Zhang L, Wang H, Tian Y, Li K, Liu G. Modulation of the vitamin D/vitamin D receptor system in osteoporosis pathogenesis: insights and therapeutic approaches. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18:860. [PMID: 37957749 PMCID: PMC10644527 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-04320-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a prevalent bone disorder characterized by low bone mineral density (BMD) and deteriorated bone microarchitecture, leading to an increased risk of fractures. Vitamin D (VD), an essential nutrient for skeletal health, plays a vital role in maintaining bone homeostasis. The biological effects of VD are primarily mediated through the vitamin D receptor (VDR), a nuclear receptor that regulates the transcription of target genes involved in calcium and phosphate metabolism, bone mineralization, and bone remodeling. In this review article, we conduct a thorough literature search of the PubMed and EMBASE databases, spanning from January 2000 to September 2023. Utilizing the keywords "vitamin D," "vitamin D receptor," "osteoporosis," and "therapy," we aim to provide an exhaustive overview of the role of the VD/VDR system in osteoporosis pathogenesis, highlighting the most recent findings in this field. We explore the molecular mechanisms underlying VDR's effects on bone cells, including osteoblasts and osteoclasts, and discuss the impact of VDR polymorphisms on BMD and fracture risk. Additionally, we examine the interplay between VDR and other factors, such as hormonal regulation, genetic variants, and epigenetic modifications, that contribute to osteoporosis susceptibility. The therapeutic implications of targeting the VDR pathway for osteoporosis management are also discussed. By bringing together these diverse aspects, this review enhances our understanding of the VD/VDR system's critical role in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis and highlights its significance as a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqi Li
- Central Laboratory, Huabei Petroleum Administration Bureau General Hospital, Huidaozhan Avenue, Renqiu City, 062552, Hebei Province, China
| | - Pengfei Zhao
- Central Laboratory, Huabei Petroleum Administration Bureau General Hospital, Huidaozhan Avenue, Renqiu City, 062552, Hebei Province, China
| | - Biyun Jiang
- Central Laboratory, Huabei Petroleum Administration Bureau General Hospital, Huidaozhan Avenue, Renqiu City, 062552, Hebei Province, China
| | - Kangyong Liu
- Biotecnovo (Beijing) Co. Ltd., Building 12, Yard 20, Guangde Street, Beijing Economic and Technological Development Zone, Beijing, 100176, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Biotecnovo (Beijing) Co. Ltd., Building 12, Yard 20, Guangde Street, Beijing Economic and Technological Development Zone, Beijing, 100176, China
| | - Haotian Wang
- Clinical School of Medicine, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063000, Hebei, China
| | - Yansheng Tian
- Central Laboratory, Huabei Petroleum Administration Bureau General Hospital, Huidaozhan Avenue, Renqiu City, 062552, Hebei Province, China.
| | - Kun Li
- No.1 Department of Orthopedics, Langfang People's Hospital, No 37, Xinhua Rd, Langfang, 065000, Heibei, China.
| | - Guoqi Liu
- Biotecnovo (Beijing) Co. Ltd., Building 12, Yard 20, Guangde Street, Beijing Economic and Technological Development Zone, Beijing, 100176, China.
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27
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Vafaei S, Ciebiera M, Omran MM, Ghasroldasht MM, Yang Q, Leake T, Wolfe R, Ali M, Al-Hendy A. Evidence-Based Approach for Secondary Prevention of Uterine Fibroids (The ESCAPE Approach). Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15972. [PMID: 37958957 PMCID: PMC10648339 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Uterine fibroids (UFs) are common tumors in women of reproductive age. It is imperative to comprehend UFs' associated risk factors to facilitate early detection and prevention. Simple relying on surgical/pharmacological treatment of advanced disease is not only highly expensive, but it also deprives patients of good quality of life (QOL). Unfortunately, even if the disease is discovered early, no medical intervention is traditionally initiated until the disease burden becomes high, and only then is surgical intervention performed. Furthermore, after myomectomy, the recurrence rate of UFs is extremely high with the need for additional surgeries and other interventions. This confused approach is invasive and extremely costly with an overall negative impact on women's health. Secondary prevention is the management of early disease to slow down its progression or even halt it completely. The current approach of watchful observation for early disease is considered a major missed opportunity in the literature. The aim of this article is to present an approach named the ESCAPE (Evidence-Based Approach for Secondary Prevention) of UF management. It comprises simple, inexpensive, and safe steps that can arrest the development of UFs, promote overall reproductive health, decrease the number of unnecessary surgeries, and save billions of health care systems' dollars worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somayeh Vafaei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; (S.V.); (M.M.O.); (M.M.G.); (Q.Y.)
| | - Michał Ciebiera
- Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, 00-189 Warsaw, Poland;
- Warsaw Institute of Women’s Health, 00-189 Warsaw, Poland
- Development and Research Center of Non-Invasive Therapies, Pro-Familia Hospital, 35-302 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Mervat M. Omran
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; (S.V.); (M.M.O.); (M.M.G.); (Q.Y.)
| | - Mohammad Mousaei Ghasroldasht
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; (S.V.); (M.M.O.); (M.M.G.); (Q.Y.)
| | - Qiwei Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; (S.V.); (M.M.O.); (M.M.G.); (Q.Y.)
| | - Tanya Leake
- The White Dress Project, Atlanta, GA 30309, USA; (T.L.); (R.W.)
| | - Rochelle Wolfe
- The White Dress Project, Atlanta, GA 30309, USA; (T.L.); (R.W.)
| | - Mohamed Ali
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; (S.V.); (M.M.O.); (M.M.G.); (Q.Y.)
| | - Ayman Al-Hendy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; (S.V.); (M.M.O.); (M.M.G.); (Q.Y.)
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28
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Quan QL, Yoon KN, Lee JS, Kim EJ, Lee DH. Impact of ultraviolet radiation on cardiovascular and metabolic disorders: The role of nitric oxide and vitamin D. PHOTODERMATOLOGY, PHOTOIMMUNOLOGY & PHOTOMEDICINE 2023; 39:573-581. [PMID: 37731181 DOI: 10.1111/phpp.12914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Ultraviolet (UV) radiation has both harmful and beneficial effects on human skin and health. It causes skin damage, aging, and cancer; however, it is also a primary source of vitamin D. Additionally, UV radiation can impact energy metabolism and has protective effects on several cardiovascular and metabolic disorders in mice and humans. However, the mechanisms of UV protection against these diseases have not been clearly identified. METHODS This review summarizes the systemic effects of UV radiation on hypertension and several metabolic diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in mice, and we also consider the mechanisms of action of the related regulators nitric oxide (NO) and vitamin D. RESULTS UV exposure can lower blood pressure and prevent the development of cardiovascular diseases and metabolic disorders, such as metabolic syndrome, obesity, and type 2 diabetes, primarily through mechanisms that depend on UV-induced NO. UV radiation may also effectively delay the onset of type 1 diabetes through mechanisms that rely on UV-induced vitamin D. UV-induced NO and vitamin D play roles in preventing and slowing the progression of NAFLD. CONCLUSION UV exposure is a promising nonpharmacological intervention for cardiovascular and metabolic disorders. NO and vitamin D may play a crucial role in mediating these effects. However, further investigations are required to elucidate the exact mechanisms and determine the optimal dosage and exposure duration of UV radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Ling Quan
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Aging Research, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Human-Environment Interface Biology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyeong-No Yoon
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Aging Research, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Human-Environment Interface Biology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Su Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Aging Research, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Human-Environment Interface Biology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Ju Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Aging Research, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Human-Environment Interface Biology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Hun Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Aging Research, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Human-Environment Interface Biology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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Kawagoe F, Mototani S, Mendoza A, Takemoto Y, Uesugi M, Kittaka A. Structure-activity relationship studies on vitamin D-based selective SREBP/SCAP inhibitor KK-052. RSC Med Chem 2023; 14:2030-2034. [PMID: 37859714 PMCID: PMC10583829 DOI: 10.1039/d3md00352c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D3 metabolites block lipid biosynthesis by promoting degradation of the complex of sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP) and SREBP cleavage-activating protein (SCAP) independent of their effects on the vitamin D receptor (VDR). We previously reported the development of KK-052, the first vitamin D-based SREBP inhibitor that mitigates hepatic lipid accumulation without VDR-mediated calcemic action in mice. Herein we extend our previous work to synthesize KK-052 analogues. Various substituents were introduced to the phenyl ring of KK-052, and two KK-052 analogues were found to exhibit more potent SREBP/SCAP inhibitory activity than KK-052, whereas they all lack VDR activity. These new KK-052 analogues may be suited for further development as VDR-silent SREBP/SCAP inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumihiro Kawagoe
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University Itabashi-ku Tokyo 173-8605 Japan
| | - Sayuri Mototani
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University Itabashi-ku Tokyo 173-8605 Japan
| | - Aileen Mendoza
- Institute for Chemical Research and Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University Uji Kyoto 611-0011 Japan
| | - Yasushi Takemoto
- Institute for Chemical Research and Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University Uji Kyoto 611-0011 Japan
| | - Motonari Uesugi
- Institute for Chemical Research and Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University Uji Kyoto 611-0011 Japan
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University Shanghai 201203 China
| | - Atsushi Kittaka
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University Itabashi-ku Tokyo 173-8605 Japan
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30
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Trivedi MK, Branton A, Trivedi D, Mondal S, Jana S. Vitamin D 3 supplementation improves spatial memory, muscle function, pain score, and modulates different functional physiological biomarkers in vitamin D 3 deficiency diet (VDD)-induced rats model. BMC Nutr 2023; 9:108. [PMID: 37749664 PMCID: PMC10521393 DOI: 10.1186/s40795-023-00767-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D Deficiency is recognized as a pandemic, which is associated with high mortality. An inadequate level of vitamin D is associated with autoimmune diseases, hypertension, and cancer. The study was aimed to assess the pharmacological effects of chronic vitamin D3 supplementation on the manipulation diet regiment of deprived cholecalciferol (vitamin D3 deficient diet, VDD) rats. METHODS Memory performance (Y-maze task), muscular function (muscle grip strength), and pain score (pressure application measurement meter) were measured. Functional biomarkers were measured using ELISA method in different matrix viz. in serum (parathyroid hormone; PTH, calcitonin, thyroxine, and C-reactive protein; CRP, 25-OH Vit D3), and in CSF (klotho and β-endorphin). 25-OH Vit D3 was also estimated in liver and kidney homogenate using ELISA. Vitamin D receptor (VDR) was measured spectrophotometrically in liver and adipose tissue. RESULTS VDD-induced rats showed a decrease in number of entries and time spent in the novel arm and spontaneous alternations in the Y-maze task. Significant improvements of neuromuscular function and pain score after addition of vitamin D3. In comparison to the VDD group, VDR expression (liver) and active metabolites of vitamin D3 (25-OH vit.D3) in serum were significantly higher by 48.23% and 280%, respectively. The PTH and CRP levels were significantly reduced by 32.5% and 35.27%, respectively, whereas calcitonin was increased by 36.67% compared with the VDD group. Klotho and β-endorphin expressions in cerebrospinal fluid were significantly elevated by 19.67% and 133.59%, respectively, compared to VDD group. CONCLUSIONS Overall, the results indicate that supplementation of cholecalciferol significantly improved spatial memory impairment, VDR expression, and may provide an opportunity to manage vitamin D deficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sambhu Mondal
- Trivedi Science Research Laboratory Pvt. Ltd, Thane (W), Maharashtra, India
| | - Snehasis Jana
- Trivedi Science Research Laboratory Pvt. Ltd, Thane (W), Maharashtra, India.
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Inose H, Takahashi T, Matsukura Y, Hashimoto J, Utagawa K, Egawa S, Yamada K, Hirai T, Takahashi K, Yoshii T. Effect of vitamin D deficiency on surgical outcomes of degenerative cervical myelopathy. NORTH AMERICAN SPINE SOCIETY JOURNAL 2023; 15:100239. [PMID: 37457393 PMCID: PMC10344931 DOI: 10.1016/j.xnsj.2023.100239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Background Due to its association with bone metabolic status and muscle strength/mass, vitamin D deficiency has the potential to affect neurological symptom recovery after surgery for degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM). However, few studies have investigated the effects of vitamin D deficiency (serum 25(OH)D <20 ng/mL) on surgical outcomes in DCM patients. Herein, we investigated the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in patients with DCM, and determined whether vitamin D deficiency affects surgical outcomes for DCM. Methods In this retrospective observational study we assessed the recovery rate 1 year after surgery in 91 patients diagnosed with DCM who underwent surgery. First, we analyzed the correlation between vitamin D levels and various background factors. Then, patients were divided into 2 groups according to vitamin D sufficiency, and univariate analysis was performed on vitamin D and surgical outcomes. Finally, Spearman correlation analyses were performed to identify factors correlated with recovery rate after surgery for DCM. Results The average Japanese Orthopedic Association score for the assessment of cervical myelopathy (C-JOA score) improved postoperatively. Age was positively correlated with vitamin D levels, and parathyroid hormone levels were negatively correlated with vitamin D levels. Among the 91 patients, 79.1% of patients were diagnosed with vitamin D deficiency. No significant differences in recovery rate were found between the vitamin D-deficient and vitamin D-sufficient groups. Finally, the Spearman correlation analysis showed a positive correlation between the preoperative C-JOA motor dysfunction score in the lower extremities and the recovery rate, while age demonstrated a negative correlation with recovery rate. Conclusions No association was found between vitamin D deficiency and clinical outcomes after surgery for DCM. The results of this study do not support the need to normalize vitamin D levels for achieving neurological improvements in patients with DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Inose
- Department of Orthopedic and Trauma Research, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, 2-1-50 Minamikoshigaya, Koshigaya-shi, Saitama 343-8555, Japan
| | - Takuya Takahashi
- Department of Orthopedics, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan
| | - Yu Matsukura
- Department of Orthopedics, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan
| | - Jun Hashimoto
- Department of Orthopedics, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan
| | - Kurando Utagawa
- Department of Orthopedics, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan
| | - Satoru Egawa
- Department of Orthopedics, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan
| | - Kentaro Yamada
- Department of Orthopedic and Trauma Research, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan
| | - Takashi Hirai
- Department of Orthopedics, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan
| | - Kunihiko Takahashi
- Department of Biostatistics, M&D Data Science Center, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Toshitaka Yoshii
- Department of Orthopedics, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan
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Xu SM, Lu K, Yang XF, Ye YW, Xu MZ, Shi Q, Gong YQ, Li C. Association of 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels with lipid profiles in osteoporosis patients: a retrospective cross-sectional study. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18:597. [PMID: 37574564 PMCID: PMC10424460 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-04079-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the literature, scarce data investigate the link between 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) and blood lipids in the osteoporosis (OP) population. 25(OH)D, as a calcium-regulating hormone, can inhibit the rise of parathyroid hormone, increase bone mineralization to prevent bone loss, enhance muscle strength, improve balance, and prevent falls in the elderly. This retrospective cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the association between serum 25(OH)D levels and lipid profiles in patients with osteoporosis, with the objective of providing insight for appropriate vitamin D supplementation in clinical settings to potentially reduce the incidence of cardiovascular disease, which is known to be a major health concern for individuals with osteoporosis. METHODS This is a retrospective cross-sectional study from the Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, including 2063 OP patients who received biochemical blood analysis of lipids during hospitalization from January 2015 to March 2022. The associations between serum lipids and 25(OH)D levels were examined by multiple linear regression. The dependent variables in the analysis were the concentrations of serum lipoprotein, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TGs), apolipoprotein-A, lipoprotein A, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). The independent variable was the concentration of blood serum 25(OH)D. At the same time, age, body mass index, sex, time and year of serum analysis, primary diagnosis, hypertension, diabetes, statins usage, beta-C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen, procollagen type I N-terminal propeptide were covariates. Blood samples were collected in the early morning after the overnight fasting and were analyzed using an automated electrochemiluminescence immunoassay on the LABOSPECT 008AS platform (Hitachi Hi-Tech Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan). The generalized additive model was further applied for nonlinear associations. The inception result for smoothing the curve was evaluated by two-piecewise linear regression exemplary. RESULTS Our results proved that in the OP patients, the serum 25(OH)D levels were inversely connected with blood TGs concentration, whereas they were positively associated with the HDL, apolipoprotein-A, and lipoprotein A levels. In the meantime, this research also found a nonlinear relationship and threshold effect between serum 25(OH)D and TC, LDL-C. Furthermore, there were positive correlations between the blood serum 25(OH)D levels and the levels of TC and LDL-C when 25(OH)D concentrations ranged from 0 to 10.04 ng/mL. However, this relationship was not present when 25(OH)D levels were higher than 10.04 ng/mL. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrated an independent relationship between blood lipids and vitamin D levels in osteoporosis patients. While we cannot establish a causal relationship between the two, our findings suggest that vitamin D may have beneficial effects on both bone health and blood lipid levels, providing a reference for improved protection against cardiovascular disease in this population. Further research, particularly interventional studies, is needed to confirm these associations and investigate their underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-ming Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, The First People’s Hospital of Kunshan, Suzhou, 215300 Jiangsu China
| | - Ke Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, The First People’s Hospital of Kunshan, Suzhou, 215300 Jiangsu China
| | - Xu-feng Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, No. 566 East of Qianjin Road, Suzhou, 215300 Jiangsu China
| | - Yao-wei Ye
- Department of Orthopedics, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, The First People’s Hospital of Kunshan, Suzhou, 215300 Jiangsu China
| | - Min-zhe Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, No. 566 East of Qianjin Road, Suzhou, 215300 Jiangsu China
| | - Qin Shi
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Orthopedic Institute of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215031 Jiangsu China
| | - Ya-qin Gong
- Information Department, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Suzhou, 215300 Jiangsu China
| | - Chong Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, No. 566 East of Qianjin Road, Suzhou, 215300 Jiangsu China
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Liu X, Brock KE, Brennan‐Speranza TC, Flicker L, Golledge J, Hankey GJ, Girgis CM, Yeap BB. Healthy lifestyles are associated with better vitamin D status in community-dwelling older men: The Health In Men Study (HIMS). Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2023; 99:165-173. [PMID: 37165475 PMCID: PMC10952998 DOI: 10.1111/cen.14926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Older people are more prone to vitamin D deficiency than younger populations. Individual lifestyle factors have been associated with vitamin D status. We examined the influence of a combination of lifestyle factors on vitamin D status in older men. PARTICIPANTS AND MEASUREMENTS In a population-based cohort study of older men (age ≥65 years), a lifestyle score was calculated from eight prudent health-related behaviours (smoking, exercise, alcohol, fish and meat consumption, adding salt, milk choices and obesity) collected via questionnaire at baseline. Blood samples were collected 5 years afterwards to measure plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) levels. Associations between lifestyles and the likelihood of having plasma 25OHD levels of ≥75 versus <75 nmol/L and ≥50 versus <50 nmol/L were tested using logistic regression models. RESULTS Of the 2717 men analysed, mean plasma 25OHD was 69.0 ± 23.5 nmol/L, with 20.7% having plasma 25OHD <50 nmol/L. Men engaging in ≥4 healthy lifestyle behaviours had 20% higher odds of plasma 25OHD ≥75 nmol/L (adjusted OR = 1.20, 95% CI: 1.01-1.45) compared to those with <4 healthy behaviours. No association was found for 25OHD ≥50 nmol/L. Higher physical activity was the only individual component significantly associated with vitamin D sufficiency (highest vs. lowest quintiles of physical activity, adjusted OR = 2.01, 95% CI: 1.47-2.74 for 25OHD ≥50 nmol/L, adjusted OR = 2.35, 95% CI: 1.81-3.06 for 25OHD ≥75 nmol/L). CONCLUSION Multiple healthy lifestyle behaviours are associated with better vitamin D status in older men. Further work is needed to determine the effects of promoting healthy lifestyle behaviours, including physical activity, on vitamin D sufficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Liu
- Faculty of Medicine and HealthThe University of SydneySydneyAustralia
| | - Kaye E. Brock
- Faculty of Medicine and HealthThe University of SydneySydneyAustralia
| | | | - Leon Flicker
- Medical SchoolUniversity of Western AustraliaPerthAustralia
- Western Australian Centre for Health & AgeingUniversity of Western AustraliaPerthAustralia
| | - Jonathan Golledge
- Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular DiseaseJames Cook UniversityTownsvilleAustralia
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular SurgeryTownsville University HospitalTownsvilleAustralia
| | - Graeme J. Hankey
- Medical SchoolUniversity of Western AustraliaPerthAustralia
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational SciencePerthAustralia
| | - Christian M. Girgis
- Faculty of Medicine and HealthThe University of SydneySydneyAustralia
- Department of Diabetes and EndocrinologyWestmead HospitalSydneyAustralia
| | - Bu B. Yeap
- Medical SchoolUniversity of Western AustraliaPerthAustralia
- Department of Endocrinology and DiabetesFiona Stanley HospitalPerthAustralia
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Mahmudpour M, Homayoun N, Nabipour I, Kalantar Hormozi MR, Boushehri SN, Larijani B, Ostovar A, Amini A, Marzban M. Association of age-related declined renal function and osteoporosis based on trabecular bone score in Bushehr Elderly Health (BEH) program. BMC Nephrol 2023; 24:224. [PMID: 37507659 PMCID: PMC10375762 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-023-03280-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Osteoporosis is a systemic disease characterized by decreased bone strength and an increased risk of fracture in old age. Age and pathologic renal failure are independent risk factors for osteoporosis. However, it is not determined whether age-related decreased renal function, in the context of senescence, can be considered as an independent risk factor for osteoporosis. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the effect of senescence-induced renal failure on bone quality and trabecular bone score. METHODS This study used a cross-sectional design and was carried out based on data collected during the Bushehr Elderly Health (BEH) program, Phase II. A total of 2,125 elderly participants aged over 60 years old entered the study after meeting the inclusion criteria and providing informed consent. They underwent examinations for weight, height, abdominal and hip circumference, as well as blood pressure measurement. All participants also underwent DXA to assess bone mass density (BMD). Trabecular bone score (TBS) was calculated using the DXA apparatus software output. Univariate and adjusted multivariate linear regression analyses were used to evaluate the associations. RESULTS In the univariate linear regression analysis, there was a direct correlation between age-related renal failure and TBS (β = 0.038, p < 0.0001), neck of femur BMD (β = 0.047, p < 0.0001), and lumbar BMD (β = 0.055, p < 0.0001). However, after adjusting for BMI, age, sex, smoking, and physical activity, no significant association was observed for these variables. CONCLUSION It is hypothesized that age-related renal failure cannot be considered as an independent risk factor for osteoporosis in elderly individuals aged over 60 years old.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Mahmudpour
- The Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Narges Homayoun
- Student Research Committee, Bushehr University Of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Bushehr University Of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Iraj Nabipour
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | | | - Saeid Najafpour Boushehri
- Clinical Research Development Center, The Persian Gulf Martyrs, Bushehr University of Medical Science, Bushehr, 7514763448, Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Osteoporosis Research Center. Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute. Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afshin Ostovar
- Osteoporosis Research Center. Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute. Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azam Amini
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Bushehr University Of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Maryam Marzban
- Clinical Research Development Center, The Persian Gulf Martyrs, Bushehr University of Medical Science, Bushehr, 7514763448, Iran.
- Statistical Genetics Lab, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
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Lin WT, Gonzalez GV, Kao YH, Lin HY, Li MS, Seal DW, Lee CH, Hu CY, Chen LS, Tseng TS. Mediation of BMI on 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels in U.S. Adults with Sugar-Sweetened Beverages Consumption. Nutrients 2023; 15:3291. [PMID: 37571227 PMCID: PMC10421177 DOI: 10.3390/nu15153291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Body mass index (BMI) as well as sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) has been suggested to independently decrease 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D). However, the relationship between SSB, BMI, and 25(OH)D is uncertain. This study aimed to investigate the potential mediating role of BMI in the association between SSB intake and 25(OH)D. A total of 4505 representative U.S. adults aged above 20 years and without liver conditions were selected from the 2013-2014 NHANES. All analyses were performed under survey modules with appropriate sampling weights. The prevalence of 25(OH)D insufficiency and deficiency was 37.8% and 24.1% in U.S. adults, respectively. Compared with non-SSB consumers, an increased risk of vitamin D deficiency was found in either heavy SSB consumers or soda consumers, respectively (aOR = 2.10, 95% CI = 1.25-3.54 in heavy SSB consumers; aOR = 1.61, 95% CI = 1.06-2.44 in soda consumers). Around 21.3% of the total effect of sugar intake from SSB on decreased 25(OH)D was explained by BMI. In conclusion, high total sugar intake from SSB and BMI independently contribute to lower 25(OH)D, and BMI mediates the inverse association between total sugar intake from SSB intake and 25(OH)D. Furthermore, an increased risk of having vitamin D deficiency was found in the population who consumed higher levels of sugar from SSB or soda drinks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ting Lin
- Social, Behavioral, and Population Sciences, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (W.-T.L.); (D.W.S.)
| | - Gabrielle V. Gonzalez
- Behavioral and Community Health Sciences Program, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (G.V.G.); (Y.-H.K.); (M.S.L.)
| | - Yu-Hsiang Kao
- Behavioral and Community Health Sciences Program, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (G.V.G.); (Y.-H.K.); (M.S.L.)
| | - Hui-Yi Lin
- Biostatistics Program, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA;
| | - Mirandy S. Li
- Behavioral and Community Health Sciences Program, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (G.V.G.); (Y.-H.K.); (M.S.L.)
| | - David W. Seal
- Social, Behavioral, and Population Sciences, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (W.-T.L.); (D.W.S.)
| | - Chien-Hung Lee
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Chih-yang Hu
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA;
| | - Lei-Shih Chen
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA;
| | - Tung-Sung Tseng
- Behavioral and Community Health Sciences Program, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (G.V.G.); (Y.-H.K.); (M.S.L.)
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Magalhães NV, Waitzberg DL, Lopes NC, Vicedomini ACC, Prudêncio APA, Jacob-Filho W, Busse AL, Ferdinando D, Alves TP, Pereira RMR, Torrinhas RS, Belarmino G. High Prevalence of Energy and Nutrients Inadequacy among Brazilian Older Adults. Nutrients 2023; 15:3246. [PMID: 37513664 PMCID: PMC10384757 DOI: 10.3390/nu15143246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Poor nutrition increases the risk of diseases and adverse health outcomes in older adults. We evaluated the potential inadequacy of nutrient intake among older adults in Brazil and its association with body anthropometry and composition outcomes. Dietary intake was obtained from 295 community-living older adults (>60 years old), of both genders, using a seven-day food record. Nutrient inadequacy was further identified based on the Dietary Reference Intakes and European Guidelines. Skeletal muscle mass (SM), strength and performance, and the diagnosis of sarcopenia were assessed using reference methods. Nutritional inadequacy was high, with energy, dietary fiber, and six micronutrients exhibiting the greatest inadequacy levels (>80%). Energy intake was correlated with SM strength (p = 0.000) and performance (p = 0.001). Inadequate energy, fiber, and protein intakes influenced BMI, while inadequate intake of vitamin B6 directly affected the diagnosis of sarcopenia (p ≤ 0.005). Further research is required to investigate whether these inadequacies can be associated with other clinical health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Vieira Magalhães
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolic Surgery of the Digestive System, LIM 35, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Dan Linetzky Waitzberg
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolic Surgery of the Digestive System, LIM 35, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Natalia Correia Lopes
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolic Surgery of the Digestive System, LIM 35, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Costa Vicedomini
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolic Surgery of the Digestive System, LIM 35, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Aguiar Prudêncio
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolic Surgery of the Digestive System, LIM 35, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Wilson Jacob-Filho
- Laboratório de Investigação Médica em Envelhecimento (LIM-66), Serviço de Geriatria, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo 01246-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Leopold Busse
- Laboratório de Investigação Médica em Envelhecimento (LIM-66), Serviço de Geriatria, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo 01246-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Douglas Ferdinando
- Laboratório de Investigação Médica em Envelhecimento (LIM-66), Serviço de Geriatria, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo 01246-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Pereira Alves
- Laboratório de Investigação Médica em Envelhecimento (LIM-66), Serviço de Geriatria, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo 01246-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Rosa Maria Rodrigues Pereira
- Research Laboratory in Rheumatology, LIM-17, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Raquel Susana Torrinhas
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolic Surgery of the Digestive System, LIM 35, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Giliane Belarmino
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolic Surgery of the Digestive System, LIM 35, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, SP, Brazil
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Mititelu M, Licu M, Lupu CE, Neacșu SM, Olteanu G, Gabriela S, Drăgănescu D, Oancea CN, Busnatu ȘS, Hîncu L, Ciocîlteu MV, Lupuleasa D. Characterization of Some Dermato-Cosmetic Preparations with Marine Lipids from Black Sea Wild Stingray. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:408. [PMID: 37504939 PMCID: PMC10381174 DOI: 10.3390/md21070408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The traditional knowledge about the therapeutic and nutritional value of fish has been unanimously recognized among the population since ancient times. So, thanks to the therapeutic virtues of these marine animals, it was possible to develop therapies for certain pathologies as well as the use of bioactive compounds as adjunctive therapies incorporated into the treatment regimen of patients. In the present study, stingray liver oil from wild species collected from the Romanian coast of the Black Sea was isolated and analyzed. Fatty acid analysis was performed by gas chromatography. The analysis of the distribution of fatty acids in the composition of stingray liver oil indicates a ratio of 2.83 of omega 3 fatty acids to omega 6, a ratio of 1.33 of polyunsaturated fatty acids to monounsaturated fatty acids, an iodine index of 111.85, and a total percentage of 68.98% of unsaturated fatty acids. Stingray liver oil was used to evaluate the healing action after preparing a fatty ointment. According to the experimental data, a complete regeneration capacity of the wounds was noted in 12 days without visible signs. Four emulgels with stingray liver oil were formulated and analyzed from a rheological and structural point of view in order to select the optimal composition, after which the anti-inflammatory effect on inflammation caused in laboratory rats was studied and an anti-inflammatory effect was found significant (a maximum inhibitory effect of 66.47% on the edemas induced by the 10% kaolin suspension and 65.64% on the edemas induced by the 6% dextran solution).
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Mititelu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory and Food Safety, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Monica Licu
- Department of Medical Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Carmen Elena Lupu
- Department of Mathematics and Informatics, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Ovidius" University of Constanta, 6 Capitan Aviator Al. Serbanescu Street, Campus, C Block, 900001 Constanta, Romania
| | - Sorinel Marius Neacșu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Bio-pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020945 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Gabriel Olteanu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory and Food Safety, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Stanciu Gabriela
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ovidius University of Constanta, 900527 Constanta, Romania
| | - Doina Drăgănescu
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Computer Physics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Carmen-Nicoleta Oancea
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy from Craiova, 200345 Craiova, Romania
| | - Ștefan Sebastian Busnatu
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Lucian Hîncu
- Department of Drug Industry and Pharmaceutical Biotechnologies Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Maria Viorica Ciocîlteu
- Department of Analytical and Instrumental Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Petru Rares Street, no. 2-4, 200638 Craiova, Romania
| | - Dumitru Lupuleasa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Bio-pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020945 Bucharest, Romania
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Qin Y, Cowan AE, Bailey RL, Jun S, Eicher-Miller HA. Usual nutrient intakes and diet quality among United States older adults participating in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program compared with income-eligible nonparticipants. Am J Clin Nutr 2023; 118:85-95. [PMID: 37407169 PMCID: PMC10493427 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The proportion of older adults with food insecurity at 8% has increased faster than that of the general United States population from 2001 to 2017. Many low-income food-insecure older adults rely on food-assistance programs, such as the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), for meeting energy and nutrient needs, whereas others are eligible but do not participate. Neither updated nutrient intake estimates nor potential differences in meeting the Dietary Reference Intakes from foods alone and with dietary supplements (DS) among low-income older adults using or eligible for SNAP are known. OBJECTIVES This study assessed and compared national estimates of usual nutrient adequacy and dietary quality of United States older adults using SNAP and income-eligible nonparticipants. METHODS Usual dietary intake was estimated among older adults (≥60 y; n = 2582) in the 2007-2016 NHANES cross-sectional national survey. Data on food-assistance participation and eligibility (poverty-income-ratio ≤130%), DS use, and ≥24-h dietary recalls were used. The NCI method (Markov Chain Monte Carlo approach) was applied to estimate mean usual nutrient intakes, proportion of inadequate nutrient intake, and dietary quality using the 2015 Healthy Eating Index. RESULTS Neither usual nutrient intake from dietary and total sources nor dietary quality differed between older adult SNAP participants and eligible nonparticipants. Low dietary quality and high percentage of inadequate intake for several nutrients were apparent among both groups, especially from food sources alone, including vitamins A (56%), C (55%), D (97%), E (99%), calcium (73%), and magnesium (74%), but rates were attenuated when DS were also considered (i.e., 36% reduced risk for vitamin D inadequacy). CONCLUSIONS Diet quality and usual nutrient intake among older adult SNAP participants and eligible nonparticipants were poor, but DS lowered the risk of nutrient inadequacy. Future policies and programs should focus on improving the intake of vitamins A, C, D, E, calcium, and magnesium and dietary quality for all older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Qin
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Alexandra E Cowan
- Institute for Advancing Health through Agriculture, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Regan L Bailey
- Institute for Advancing Health through Agriculture, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Shinyoung Jun
- Department of Cancer Biomedical Science, National Cancer Center Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, Goyang-si, Republic of Korea
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Agliardi C, Guerini FR, Bolognesi E, Zanzottera M, Clerici M. VDR Gene Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms and Autoimmunity: A Narrative Review. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:916. [PMID: 37508347 PMCID: PMC10376382 DOI: 10.3390/biology12070916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
The vitamin D/Vitamin D receptor (VDR) axis is crucial for human health as it regulates the expression of genes involved in different functions, including calcium homeostasis, energy metabolism, cell growth and differentiation, and immune responses. In particular, the vitamin D/VDR complex regulates genes of both innate and adaptive immunity. Autoimmune diseases are believed to arise from a genetic predisposition and the presence of triggers such as hormones and environmental factors. Among these, a role for Vitamin D and molecules correlated to its functions has been repeatedly suggested. Four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the VDR gene, ApaI, BsmI, TaqI, and FokI, in particular, have been associated with autoimmune disorders. The presence of particular VDR SNP alleles and genotypes, thus, was observed to modulate the likelihood of developing diverse autoimmune conditions, either increasing or reducing it. In this work, we will review the scientific literature suggesting a role for these different factors in the pathogenesis of autoimmune conditions and summarize evidence indicating a possible VDR SNP involvement in the onset of these diseases. A better understanding of the role of the molecular mechanisms linking Vitamin D/VDR and autoimmunity might be extremely useful in designing novel therapeutic avenues for these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Mario Clerici
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi ONLUS, LAMMB, 20148 Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
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Skalny AV, Aschner M, Silina EV, Stupin VA, Zaitsev ON, Sotnikova TI, Tazina SI, Zhang F, Guo X, Tinkov AA. The Role of Trace Elements and Minerals in Osteoporosis: A Review of Epidemiological and Laboratory Findings. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1006. [PMID: 37371586 DOI: 10.3390/biom13061006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to review recent epidemiological and clinical data on the association between selected minerals and trace elements and osteoporosis, as well as to discuss the molecular mechanisms underlying these associations. We have performed a search in the PubMed-Medline and Google Scholar databases using the MeSH terms "osteoporosis", "osteogenesis", "osteoblast", "osteoclast", and "osteocyte" in association with the names of particular trace elements and minerals through 21 March 2023. The data demonstrate that physiological and nutritional levels of trace elements and minerals promote osteogenic differentiation through the up-regulation of BMP-2 and Wnt/β-catenin signaling, as well as other pathways. miRNA and epigenetic effects were also involved in the regulation of the osteogenic effects of trace minerals. The antiresorptive effect of trace elements and minerals was associated with the inhibition of osteoclastogenesis. At the same time, the effect of trace elements and minerals on bone health appeared to be dose-dependent with low doses promoting an osteogenic effect, whereas high doses exerted opposite effects which promoted bone resorption and impaired bone formation. Concomitant with the results of the laboratory studies, several clinical trials and epidemiological studies demonstrated that supplementation with Zn, Mg, F, and Sr may improve bone quality, thus inducing antiosteoporotic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anatoly V Skalny
- Laboratory of Ecobiomonitoring and Quality Control, Yaroslavl State University, 150003 Yaroslavl, Russia
- Center of Bioelementology and Human Ecology, Institute of Biodesign and Modeling of Complex Systems, Department of Therapy of the Institute of Postgraduate Education, IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119435 Moscow, Russia
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Ekaterina V Silina
- Center of Bioelementology and Human Ecology, Institute of Biodesign and Modeling of Complex Systems, Department of Therapy of the Institute of Postgraduate Education, IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119435 Moscow, Russia
| | - Victor A Stupin
- Department of Hospital Surgery No. 1, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Oleg N Zaitsev
- Department of Physical Education, Yaroslavl State Technical University, 150023 Yaroslavl, Russia
| | - Tatiana I Sotnikova
- Center of Bioelementology and Human Ecology, Institute of Biodesign and Modeling of Complex Systems, Department of Therapy of the Institute of Postgraduate Education, IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119435 Moscow, Russia
- City Clinical Hospital n. a. S.P. Botkin of the Moscow City Health Department, 125284 Moscow, Russia
| | - Serafima Ia Tazina
- Center of Bioelementology and Human Ecology, Institute of Biodesign and Modeling of Complex Systems, Department of Therapy of the Institute of Postgraduate Education, IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119435 Moscow, Russia
| | - Feng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Xiong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Alexey A Tinkov
- Laboratory of Ecobiomonitoring and Quality Control, Yaroslavl State University, 150003 Yaroslavl, Russia
- Center of Bioelementology and Human Ecology, Institute of Biodesign and Modeling of Complex Systems, Department of Therapy of the Institute of Postgraduate Education, IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119435 Moscow, Russia
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Zhang Q. New Insights into Nutrients for Bone Health and Disease. Nutrients 2023; 15:2648. [PMID: 37375552 DOI: 10.3390/nu15122648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone health includes the health of bone minerals, mass, geometry, and microstructure [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462300, China
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Wang S, Luo Z, Luo H, Li Z, Yuan Z, Tang J, Lin L, Du Z, Zhou JR. Effects of a calcium/vitamin D/Zinc combination on anti-osteoporosis in ovariectomized rats. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2023; 77:127138. [PMID: 36773556 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2023.127138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoporosis is a major health problem in postmenopausal women, and characterized by deteriorated bone mass and micro-architecture. There have been some clinical trials demonstrating the beneficial effects of vitamin-D and some trace elements on calcium absorption and attenuation of osteoporosis development. However, effects of the combination of vitamin-D and zinc on calcium absorption and osteoporosis have not been adequately investigated. METHODS Network pharmacology was first performed to explore possible correlations between calcium/vitamin D/zinc and osteoporosis. Forty-nine female Sprague-Dawley rats (6 months old, 250 ± 20 g) were randomized into 7 experimental groups with 7 animals per group for the in vivo study, including one sham surgery control group, one ovariectomizing (OVX) group, and 5 OVX plus treatment groups. At the end of animal experiment, animal tibia and femur leg bones and blood were collected for H&E staining, bone microstructure analysis by a micro-CT, measurement of bone and serum Ca, P and Zn concentrations, and immunohistochemical detection of macrophage-colony stimulating factor receptor (M-CSFR) and receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand (RANKL). RESULTS The network pharmacology analysis identified 57 candidate targets that were related to the osteoporosis-Ca/VitD/Zn interconnections. Further pathway analysis suggested that the combined treatment of Ca, VitD and Zn attenuated osteoporosis via modulation of metabolic pathways. We found that a therapy with Ca/VitD-M/Zn-M (73 mg/kg/day Ca, 0.6 g/kg/day VitD3 and 0.6 mg/kg/day zinc citrate) could significantly suppress the progression of osteoporosis in rats. After the Ca/VitD-M/Zn-M treatment, the ratio of bone volume/tissue volume, trabecular number and the trabecular thickness were all significantly elevated while the extent of trabecular separation was significantly reduced. Additionally, both serum calcium and bone calcium levels were significantly upregulated by the Ca/VitD/Zn treatment in a dose-dependent manner. The combination of Ca/VitD-M/Zn-M was superiou to either Ca/VitD-L/Zn-L or Ca/VitD-H/Zn-H treatment for such an effect. Moreover, the osteoporosis-associated M-CSFR and RANKL factors were both significantly downregulated by the Ca/VitD-M/Zn-M treatment in bone tissues of OVX rats. CONCLUSIONS The combined supplement of VitD and Zn facilitates the Ca(2 +) absorption and attenuates the development of osteoporosis via down-regulation of osteoporosis-associated factors M-CSFR and RANKL, thus potentially constitutes an alternative therapy for the postmenopausal osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Wang
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, 510006 Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhen Luo
- Infinitus (China) Co., Ltd. R & D Center, 510653 Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hujie Luo
- Infinitus (China) Co., Ltd. R & D Center, 510653 Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiwei Li
- Foshan Allan Conney Biotechnology Co., Ltd. 523281 Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhengqiang Yuan
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, 510006 Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jian Tang
- Infinitus (China) Co., Ltd. R & D Center, 510653 Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Li Lin
- Foshan Allan Conney Biotechnology Co., Ltd. 523281 Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiyun Du
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, 510006 Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Jin-Rong Zhou
- Nutrition/Metabolism Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
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Archer Goode E, Wang N, Munkley J. Prostate cancer bone metastases biology and clinical management (Review). Oncol Lett 2023; 25:163. [PMID: 36960185 PMCID: PMC10028493 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2023.13749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most prominent causes of cancer-related mortality in the male population. A highly impactful prognostic factor for patients diagnosed with PCa is the presence or absence of bone metastases. The formation of secondary tumours at the bone is the most commonly observed site for the establishment of PCa metastases and is associated with reduced survival of patients in addition to a cohort of life-debilitating symptoms, including mobility issues and chronic pain. Despite the prevalence of this disease presentation and the high medical relevance of bone metastases, the mechanisms underlying the formation of metastases to the bone and the understanding of what drives the osteotropism exhibited by prostate tumours remain to be fully elucidated. This lack of in-depth understanding manifests in limited effective treatment options for patients with advanced metastatic PCa and culminates in the low rate of survival observed for this sub-set of patients. The present review aims to summarise the most recent promising advances in the understanding of how and why prostate tumours metastasise to the bone, with the ultimate aim of highlighting novel treatment and prognostic targets, which may provide the opportunity to improve the diagnosis and treatment of patients with PCa with bone metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Archer Goode
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, International Centre for Life, Newcastle NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Ning Wang
- The Mellanby Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK
| | - Jennifer Munkley
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, International Centre for Life, Newcastle NE1 3BZ, UK
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Choudhary A, Kumar A, Sharma R, Khurana L, Jain S, Sharma S, Kumar D, Sharma S. Optimal vitamin D level ameliorates neurological outcome and quality of life after traumatic brain injury: a clinical perspective. Int J Neurosci 2023; 133:417-425. [PMID: 33930999 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2021.1924706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Deficiency of vitamin D along with traumatic brain injury (TBI) augments the risk of injury severity. This possibly affects the therapeutic regimen prescribed for TBI which may pessimistically affects its outcome. METHODS Studies literature search was conducted in Google Scholar and PubMed. The inclusions were studies performed clinically on both male and female. All included studies' references were also reviewed to find any additional relevance related to this review. Studies published in English were considered for this review. This review focuses upon the incidence of vitamin D deficiency in TBI and how it affects the Quality of life of the sufferer. RESULTS A total of 176 studies were reviewed and 58 were thoroughly focussed for review as they met inclusion criteria. These studies demonstrate that levels of vitamin D influence the recovery outcome after TBI. Vitamin D deficiency has been found to cause more deterioration in severe TBI than in patients with mild TBI. CONCLUSION Paucity of vitamin D significantly affects the outcome after brain injury. This clearly validates the necessity for screening of vitamin D levels in neurological deficit in order to reduce the risk of morbidity in terms of neurocognitive disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Choudhary
- Department of Neurosurgery, PGIMER, Dr. R.M.L. Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, Rajasthan, India
| | - Rajesh Sharma
- Department of Neurosurgery, PGIMER, Dr. R.M.L. Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Lipika Khurana
- Institute of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Smita Jain
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, Rajasthan, India
| | - Shallu Sharma
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, Rajasthan, India
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, PGIMER, Dr. R.M.L. Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Swapnil Sharma
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, Rajasthan, India
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Carlberg C, Raczyk M, Zawrotna N. Vitamin D: A master example of nutrigenomics. Redox Biol 2023; 62:102695. [PMID: 37043983 PMCID: PMC10119805 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Nutrigenomics attempts to characterize and integrate the relation between dietary molecules and gene expression on a genome-wide level. One of the biologically active nutritional compounds is vitamin D3, which activates via its metabolite 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) the nuclear receptor VDR (vitamin D receptor). Vitamin D3 can be synthesized endogenously in our skin, but since we spend long times indoors and often live at higher latitudes where for many winter months UV-B radiation is too low, it became a true vitamin. The ligand-inducible transcription factor VDR is expressed in the majority of human tissues and cell types, where it modulates the epigenome at thousands of genomic sites. In a tissue-specific fashion this results in the up- and downregulation of primary vitamin D target genes, some of which are involved in attenuating oxidative stress. Vitamin D affects a wide range of physiological functions including the control of metabolism, bone formation and immunity. In this review, we will discuss how the epigenome- and transcriptome-wide effects of 1,25(OH)2D3 and its receptor VDR serve as a master example in nutrigenomics. In this context, we will outline the basis of a mechanistic understanding for personalized nutrition with vitamin D3.
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Friling M, Haber A, Furman-Assaf S, Israel D, Harari G, Evans M, Crowley DC, Ouwehand AC, Ivanir E. Bioavailability of calcium in an enriched postbiotic system compared to calcium citrate in healthy postmenopausal females; A randomized, double-blind, comparator-controlled, crossover study. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1073622. [PMID: 37006928 PMCID: PMC10050718 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1073622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
IntroductionBioavailability of calcium is an important consideration when designing supplements for achieving adequate calcium intake, mainly in high-risk, and aged populations. Alternative supplementation strategies may be able to circumvent absorption issues commonly seen with calcium supplements. The objective of this study was to assess the bioavailability of a single serving of two calcium formulations vs. comparator product in healthy postmenopausal women.MethodsA total of 24 participants between 45 and 65 years were enrolled in a randomized, double-blind, three-phase, crossover study, with a 7-day washout period between phases. The bioavailability of calcium from calcium-carrying Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Ca-SC) or calcium-carrying Lactobacillus (Ca-LAB) in the form of postbiotic products versus calcium citrate, a conventional salt-based calcium supplement, was determined. Each product provided 630 mg of calcium and 400 IU of vitamin D3. After a 14-h (overnight) fast followed by a single dose of product with a standard low-calcium breakfast, both serum and urine calcium concentrations were assessed for up to 8 and 24 h, respectively.ResultsCa-LAB resulted in greater calcium bioavailability, demonstrated by significantly higher area under the curve and peak concentration both in blood and urine, and total calcium mass excreted in urine. The bioavailability of calcium was similar for Ca-SC and calcium citrate except for the peak concentration value that was significantly higher for calcium citrate. Both Ca-LAB and Ca-SC were well tolerated with no significant difference in adverse events between the products during the study.DiscussionThese findings suggest that calcium enriched in a Lactobacillus-based postbiotic system is associated with higher levels of bioavailability as compared to calcium citrate, while a calcium-enriched yeast-based postbiotic does not influence calcium absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Eran Ivanir
- IFF Health, Migdal Haemeq, Israel
- *Correspondence: Eran Ivanir,
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Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the association between food patterns and serum vitamin D concentrations in US adults. Data from two cycles of National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, 2003-2004 and 2005-2006, were used (n 6637). Three major food patterns were derived using factor analysis. These three patterns were labeled as meat and processed meat foods (MPF), vegetables, fruit, nuts, and whole grains (VFNW), and sweet, snack, and beverage pattern (SSB). Serum vitamin D was measured with RIA and later standardized to reflect the assay changes over time. In multivariate-adjusted regression analysis, the MPF pattern was significantly, inversely associated with serum vitamin D concentrations (P < 0·001). However, the relation between the VFNW pattern and serum vitamin D was non-linear (P < 0·001). There was no relationship between SSB pattern and serum vitamin D in US adults. In conclusion, persons with a high intake of meat and processed meats are associated with lower serum vitamin D concentrations. Reducing processed foods and emphasizing VFNW will be beneficial from a health perspective.
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Gomes-Ferreira PHS, Frigério PB, de Moura J, Duarte ND, de Oliveira D, Deering J, Grandfield K, Okamoto R. Evaluation of Vitamin D isolated or Associated with Teriparatide in Peri-Implant Bone Repair in Tibia of Orchiectomized Rats. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12020228. [PMID: 36829506 PMCID: PMC9952949 DOI: 10.3390/biology12020228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: The objective of this study was to evaluate the morphometry of peri-implant bone tissue in orchiectomized rats, treated with vitamin D isolated or associated with teriparatide. (2) Methods: 24 rats were divided into 4 groups: ORQ-orchiectomy, without drug treatment, ORQ+D-orchiectomy, treated with vitamin D, ORQTERI-orchiectomy, treated with teriparatide and ORQTERI+D-orchiectomy, treated with teriparatide + vitamin D. Each animal received an implant in the tibial metaphysis. Euthanasia occurred 60 days after implant surgery. Computed microtomography (micro-CT) was performed to evaluate the parameters of volume and percentage of bone volume (BV, BV/TV), trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), number and separation of trabeculae (Tb.N, Tb.Sp) and percentage of total porosity (Po-tot). Data were subjected to 1-way ANOVA and Tukey post-test, with a significance level of 5%. (3) Results: For the parameters BV, BV/TV, Tb.Th, the ORQTERI+D group showed the highest values in relation to the other groups and for Po-tot, the lowest values were for ORQTERI+D. For Tb.Sp and Tb.N, there was no statistically significant difference when comparing intragroup results (p > 0.05). (4) Conclusions: It was possible to conclude that treatment with vitamin D associated with teriparatide increases bone volume and improves bone quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Henrique Silva Gomes-Ferreira
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Araçatuba Dental School, São Paulo State University Júlio de Mesquita Filho—UNESP, Araçatuba 16018-805, Brazil
- Correspondence: (P.H.S.G.-F.); (R.O.); Tel.: +55-18-981109555 (P.H.S.G.-F.)
| | - Paula Buzo Frigério
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Araçatuba Dental School, São Paulo State University Júlio de Mesquita Filho—UNESP, Araçatuba 16018-805, Brazil
| | - Juliana de Moura
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Araçatuba Dental School, São Paulo State University Júlio de Mesquita Filho—UNESP, Araçatuba 16018-805, Brazil
| | - Nathália Dantas Duarte
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Araçatuba Dental School, São Paulo State University Júlio de Mesquita Filho—UNESP, Araçatuba 16018-805, Brazil
| | - Danila de Oliveira
- Department of Basic Sciences, Araçatuba Dental School, São Paulo State University Júlio de Mesquita Filho—UNESP, Araçatuba 16018-805, Brazil
| | - Joseph Deering
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Kathryn Grandfield
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Roberta Okamoto
- Department of Basic Sciences, Araçatuba Dental School, São Paulo State University Júlio de Mesquita Filho—UNESP, Araçatuba 16018-805, Brazil
- Correspondence: (P.H.S.G.-F.); (R.O.); Tel.: +55-18-981109555 (P.H.S.G.-F.)
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Ma Y, Deng L, Huangfu Y, Zhou Y, Wang P, Shen L. Adequate vitamin D level associated with reduced risk of sporadic colorectal cancer. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1024849. [PMID: 36776613 PMCID: PMC9908961 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1024849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The effect of vitamin D level pertinent to colorectal cancer incidence, progression, or mortality risk is complicated, and study findings are mixed. Therefore, we evaluated whether serum vitamin D [25-hydroxyvitamin D, 25(OH)D] is associated with the incidence of sporadic colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods This study is a retrospective analysis of the relationship between serum 25(OH)D level and the risk of CRC. Age, sex, body mass index, history of polyp, disease conditions (i.e., diabetes), medications, and other eight vitamins were used as confounding factors. A total of 389 participants were enrolled in this study, including comprising 83 CRC patients without a family history and 306 healthy controls, between January 2020 and March 2021 at the Department of Colorectal Surgery and Endoscope Center at the Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine. Adjusted smoothing spline plots, subgroup analysis, and multivariate logistic regression analysis were conducted to estimate the relative risk between serum 25(OH)D and sporadic CRC risk. Results After fully adjusting the confounding factors, it was found that circulating 25(OH)D played a protective role in patients with CRC (OR = 0.76 [0.63, 0.92], p = 0.004) and that an adequate vitamin D level was significantly associated with a reduced CRC risk compared to vitamin D deficiency or sufficiency (OR = 0.31 [0.11, 0.9], p = 0.03). According to this study, statins did not affect the potential protective effects of vitamin D (OR = 1.02 [0.97, 1.08], p = 0.44) and may account for the inverse association between serum 25(OH)D and colorectal cancer. Conclusion An adequate level of serum 25(OH)D was associated with a reduced CRC risk, especially for the elderly. The finding on the absence of protective effect of vitamin D in the statin use subgroup, suggests it may be one of the substantial contributing confounders, and warrants further investigation.
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Using SXRF and LA-ICP-TOFMS to Explore Evidence of Treatment and Physiological Responses to Leprosy in Medieval Denmark. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12020184. [PMID: 36829463 PMCID: PMC9952905 DOI: 10.3390/biology12020184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Leprosy can lead to blood depletion in Zn, Ca, Mg, and Fe and blood enrichment in Cu. In late medieval Europe, minerals were used to treat leprosy. Here, physiological responses to leprosy and possible evidence of treatment are investigated in enamel, dentine, and cementum of leprosy sufferers from medieval Denmark (n = 12) and early 20th century Romania (n = 2). Using SXRF and LA-ICP-TOFMS, 12 elements were mapped in 15 tooth thin sections, and the statistical covariation of paired elements was computed to assess their biological relevance. The results show marked covariations in the Zn, Ca, and Mg distributions, which are compatible with clinical studies but cannot be directly attributed to leprosy. Minerals used historically as a treatment for leprosy show no detectable intake (As, Hg) or a diffuse distribution (Pb) related to daily ingestion. Intense Pb enrichments indicate acute incorporations of Pb, potentially through the administration of Pb-enriched medication or the mobilization of Pb from bone stores to the bloodstream during intense physiological stress related to leprosy. However, comparisons with a healthy control group are needed to ascertain these interpretations. The positive correlations and the patterns observed between Pb and essential elements may indicate underlying pathophysiological conditions, demonstrating the potential of SXRF and LA-ICP-TOFMS for paleopathological investigations.
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