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Liu E, Qian X, He Y, Chen K. FUT4 promotes the progression of Cholangiocarcinoma by modulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Cell Cycle 2024; 23:218-231. [PMID: 38466946 PMCID: PMC11037297 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2024.2318949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a common gastrointestinal malignancy characterized by a poor prognosis. Considering its prevalence, exploring its underlying molecular biological mechanisms is of paramount clinical importance. In this study, bioinformatics techniques were utilized to analyze CCA sample data obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. The analysis revealed a notable upregulation in FUT4 expression in CCA samples. To further investigate the functional implications of FUT4, in vivo and in vitro experiments were conducted, which demonstrated that FUT4 overexpression significantly enhances the proliferative and migratory capabilities of tumor cells. Subsequent sequencing analysis unveiled a correlation between FUT4 and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Indeed, the pioneering discovery of elevated FUT4 expression in CCA was highlighted in this study. Further investigations into the function of FUT4 in CCA provided initial insights into its role in driving cancer progression via EMT. These findings present promising avenues for the diagnosis and treatment of CCA.[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Enchi Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Xingwang Qian
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Yuan He
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Kunlun Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P. R. China
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2
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Lin L, Chen X, Lin G, Chen L, Xu Y, Zeng Y. FUT3 facilitates glucose metabolism of lung adenocarcinoma via activation of NF-κB pathway. BMC Pulm Med 2023; 23:436. [PMID: 37946130 PMCID: PMC10636925 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-023-02688-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Fucosyltransferases (FUTs) molecules have been identified to be involved in carcinogenesis of malignant tumors. Nevertheless, the biological function of fucosyltransferases-3 (FUT3) in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) malignant phenotype remains unclear. Herein, we investigated the association between FUT3 and LUAD pathological process. METHODS Immunochemistry, RT-qPCR and western blot assays were conducted to evaluate the expression of FUT3 in LUAD and corresponding adjacent tissues. The prognostic value of FUT3 was assessed via Kaplan‑Meier plotter database. The biological process and potential mechanism of FUT3 in LUAD were conducted via GSEA. Additionally, immunofluorescence and metabolite activity detection were performed to determine the potential role of FUT3 in LUAD glucose metabolism. The active biomarkers associated with NF-κB signaling pathway were detected via western blot. Subcutaneous tumor model was conducted to analyze the effect of FUT3 on tumorigenesis of LUAD. RESULTS FUT3 was remarkably upregulated in LUAD tissues compared with adjacent tissues from individuals. FUT3 overexpression may predict poor prognosis of LUAD patients. Knockdown of FUT3 significantly inhibited tumor proliferation, migration and glucometabolic alteration in LUAD cells. Moreover, GSEA demonstrated that elevated FUT3 was positively related to NF-κB signaling pathway. Additionally, in vitro and in vivo assays also indicated that downregulation of FUT3 resulted in the suppression of oncogenesis and glucose metabolism via inactivation of NF-κB pathway. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrated that FUT3 was involved in glucometabolic process and tumorigenesis of LUAD via NF-κB signaling pathway. FUT3 may be an optimal target for diagnosis and treatment of LUAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanlan Lin
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, 362000, China
- Fujian Provincial Clinical Research Center of Interventional Respirology, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, 362000, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Lung Stem Cells, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, 362000, China
| | - Xiaohui Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, 362000, China
- Fujian Provincial Clinical Research Center of Interventional Respirology, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, 362000, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Lung Stem Cells, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, 362000, China
| | - Guofu Lin
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, 362000, China
- Fujian Provincial Clinical Research Center of Interventional Respirology, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, 362000, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Lung Stem Cells, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, 362000, China
| | - Luyang Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, 362000, China
- Fujian Provincial Clinical Research Center of Interventional Respirology, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, 362000, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Lung Stem Cells, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, 362000, China
| | - Yuan Xu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, 362000, China.
- Fujian Provincial Clinical Research Center of Interventional Respirology, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, 362000, China.
- Clinical Research Center, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, 362000, China.
- School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, 350000, China.
| | - Yiming Zeng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, 362000, China.
- Fujian Provincial Clinical Research Center of Interventional Respirology, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, 362000, China.
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Lung Stem Cells, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, 362000, China.
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3
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Chang X, Obianwuna UE, Wang J, Zhang H, Qi G, Qiu K, Wu S. Glycosylated proteins with abnormal glycosylation changes are potential biomarkers for early diagnosis of breast cancer. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 236:123855. [PMID: 36868337 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
Conventional cancer management relies on tumor type and stage for diagnosis and treatment, which leads to recurrence and metastasis and death in young women. Early detection of proteins in the serum aids diagnosis, progression, and clinical outcomes, possibly improving survival rate of breast cancer patients. In this review, we provided an insight into the influence of aberrant glycosylation on breast cancer development and progression. Examined literatures revealed that mechanisms underlying glycosylation moieties alteration could enhance early detection, monitoring, and therapeutic efficacy in breast cancer patients. This would serve as a guide for the development of new serum biomarkers with higher sensitivity and specificity, providing possible serological biomarkers for breast cancer diagnosis, progression, and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Chang
- National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Uchechukwu Edna Obianwuna
- National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jing Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Haijun Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Guanghai Qi
- National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Kai Qiu
- National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Shugeng Wu
- National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
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4
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Shen M, Kang Y. Cancer fitness genes: emerging therapeutic targets for metastasis. Trends Cancer 2023; 9:69-82. [PMID: 36184492 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2022.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Development of cancer therapeutics has traditionally focused on targeting driver oncogenes. Such an approach is limited by toxicity to normal tissues and treatment resistance. A class of 'cancer fitness genes' with crucial roles in metastasis have been identified. Elevated or altered activities of these genes do not directly cause cancer; instead, they relieve the stresses that tumor cells encounter and help them adapt to a changing microenvironment, thus facilitating tumor progression and metastasis. Importantly, as normal cells do not experience high levels of stress under physiological conditions, targeting cancer fitness genes is less likely to cause toxicity to noncancerous tissues. Here, we summarize the key features and function of cancer fitness genes and discuss their therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minhong Shen
- Department of Pharmacology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Michigan, MI, USA; Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine and Tumor Biology and Microenvironment Research Program, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Michigan, MI, USA.
| | - Yibin Kang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA; Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Princeton Branch, Princeton, NJ, USA.
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5
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Yamamoto D, Sasaki K, Kosaka T, Oya M, Sato T. Functional analysis of GCNT3 for cell migration and EMT of castration-resistant prostate cancer cells. Glycobiology 2022; 32:897-908. [PMID: 35867813 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwac044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is a malignant tumor that is resistant to androgen deprivation therapy. Treatments for CRPC are limited, and no diagnostic markers are currently available. O-glycans are known to play an important role in cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and metastasis of cancer cells. However, the differences in the O-glycan expression profiles for normal prostate cancer (PCa) cells compared to CRPC cells have not yet been investigated. In this study, the saccharide primer method was employed to analyze the O-glycans expressed in CRPC cells. Expression levels of core 4-type O-glycans were significantly increased in CRPC cells. Furthermore, the expression level of N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferase 3 (GCNT3), a core 4-type O-glycan synthase gene, was increased in CRPC cells. The expression of core 4-type O-glycans and GCNT3 was presumed to be regulated by androgen deprivation. GCNT3 knockdown induced cell migration and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). These observations elucidate the mechanism of acquisition of castration resistance in PCa and offer new possibilities for the development of diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets in the treatment of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiki Yamamoto
- Department of Biosciences and Informatics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Katsumasa Sasaki
- Department of Biosciences and Informatics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takeo Kosaka
- Department of Urology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mototsugu Oya
- Department of Urology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshinori Sato
- Department of Biosciences and Informatics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Kanagawa, Japan
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6
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Yang M, Liu SC, Hao DJ, Yan L, Liu ZK, Yin XH. RP11-867G2.8 promotes EMT and chordoma malignant phenotypes by enhancing FUT4 mRNA stability and translation. Am J Cancer Res 2022; 12:1264-1281. [PMID: 35411246 PMCID: PMC8984897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Chordoma is a rare bone tumor, and the recurrence rate of chordoma is high, the treatment is difficult, and the prognosis is poor. Therefore, it is of great significance to find key target genes for the treatment of chordoma. Microarray was used to analyze the significant gene associated with chordoma. Western blot and RT-PCR were used to detect protein and mRNA expression levels of RP11-867G2.8 and FUT4. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assay was used to locate the position of RP11-867G2.8 in chordoma cells. MTT assay, colony formation assay, transwell assay and Xenograft Mouse Model were used to clarify the function of RP11-867G2.8 and FUT4. RNA pull-down, RNA immunoprecipitation, RNA stability assay and polysome profiling analysis were used to clarify the relationship between RP11-867G2.8 and FUT4. We found that RP11-867G2.8 is highly expressed in chordoma tissues and cells, and RP11-867G2.8 overexpression promotes the malignant biological behavior of chordoma cells. RP11-867G2.8 overexpression alters the expression pattern of genes modulating signaling pathway. FUT4 is accumulated in chordoma tissues, and RP11-867G2.8 is antisense RNA of FUT4. RP11-867G2.8 can bind to FUT4 mRNA, increasing FUT4 mRNA stability and facilitating translation of FUT4. RP11-867G2.8 binds to EIF4B and PABPC1, which increases the translation of FUT4. Further studies found that FUT4 silence counteracts the effect of RP11-867G2.8 in vivo and in vitro. Our results suggest that RP11-867G2.8 promotes the development and progression of chordoma by up-regulating the expression of FUT4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Hong Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shi Chang Liu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Hong Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ding Jun Hao
- Department of Spine Surgery, Hong Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Liang Yan
- Department of Spine Surgery, Hong Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhong Kai Liu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Hong Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xin Hua Yin
- Department of Spine Surgery, Hong Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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7
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Adhikari E, Liu Q, Burton C, Mockabee-Macias A, Lester DK, Lau E. l-fucose, a sugary regulator of antitumor immunity and immunotherapies. Mol Carcinog 2022; 61:439-453. [PMID: 35107186 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
l-fucose is a dietary sugar that is used by cells in a process called fucosylation to posttranslationally modify and regulate protein behavior and function. As fucosylation plays essential cellular functions in normal organ and immune developmental and homeostasis, it is perhaps not surprising that it has been found to be perturbed in a number of pathophysiological contexts, including cancer. Increasing studies over the years have highlighted key roles that altered fucosylation can play in cancer cell-intrinsic as well as paracrine signaling and interactions. In particular, studies have demonstrated that fucosylation impact tumor:immunological interactions and significantly enhance or attenuate antitumor immunity. Importantly, fucosylation appears to be a posttranslational modification that can be therapeutically targeted, as manipulating the molecular underpinnings of fucosylation has been shown to be sufficient to impair or block tumor progression and to modulate antitumor immunity. Moreover, the fucosylation of anticancer agents, such as therapeutic antibodies, has been shown to critically impact their efficacy. In this review, we summarize the underappreciated roles that fucosylation plays in cancer and immune cells, as well as the fucosylation of therapeutic antibodies or the manipulation of fucosylation and their implications as new therapeutic modalities for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Adhikari
- Department of Tumor Biology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA.,Cancer Biology Ph.D. Program, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA.,Molecular Medicine Program, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Tumor Biology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA.,Cancer Biology Ph.D. Program, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA.,Molecular Medicine Program, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Chase Burton
- Department of Tumor Biology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA.,Cancer Biology Ph.D. Program, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA.,Molecular Medicine Program, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA.,Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA.,Immunology Program, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Andrea Mockabee-Macias
- Department of Tumor Biology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA.,Cancer Biology Ph.D. Program, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA.,Molecular Medicine Program, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Daniel K Lester
- Department of Tumor Biology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA.,Cancer Biology Ph.D. Program, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA.,Molecular Medicine Program, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Eric Lau
- Department of Tumor Biology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA.,Cancer Biology Ph.D. Program, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA.,Molecular Medicine Program, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
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8
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Rosa-Fernandes L, Oba-Shinjo SM, Macedo-da-Silva J, Marie SKN, Palmisano G. Aberrant Protein Glycosylation in Brain Cancers, with Emphasis on Glioblastoma. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1382:39-70. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-05460-0_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
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9
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Wang K, Chen X. Autophagic tumor-associated macrophages promote the endothelial mesenchymal transition in lung adenocarcinomas through the FUT4/p-ezrin pathway. J Thorac Dis 2021; 13:5973-5985. [PMID: 34795945 PMCID: PMC8575842 DOI: 10.21037/jtd-21-1519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Lung adenocarcinoma is one of the most common malignant tumors with high morbidity and mortality, but the effect of Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) on lung adenocarcinoma has not been studied clearly now. Methods In this study, TAMs were stably transfected with Atg5 silence or overexpression lentiviral vectors to inhibit or induce autophagy of TAMs. In addition, the expression of fucosyltransferase IV (FUT4) or Ezrin were interfered in TAMs with autophagy. The above treated TAMs were then co-cultured with A549 or H1299 cells. The expressions of genes were detected by qPCR, western blotting, cell immunofluorescence, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Meanwhile, cell migration and invasion were analyzed by Transwell assay and wound healing assay. Furthermore, the effects of TAMs with autophagy were explored in lung adenocarcinoma xenograft model of mice. Results The results showed that overexpression of autophagy-related gene 5 (ATG5) induced autophagy in TAMs, which increased the expression of FUT4, TGF-β1, and p-ezrin, and promoted epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in lung adenocarcinoma cells. However, FUT4 silencing partially reversed the effects of TAM autophagy, specifically, the expression of TGF-β1 and p-ezrin was inhibited and EMT in lung adenocarcinoma cells was suppressed. Notably, ezrin deletion in autophagic TAMs induced by rapamycin reduced TGF-β1 expression and suppressed EMT in lung adenocarcinoma cells. Consistently, in vivo experiments also revealed that autophagic TAMs increased the expression of FUT4, TGF-β1, and p-ezrin, and promoted EMT in lung adenocarcinomas. Similarly, FUT4 silencing partially reversed the effects of autophagic TAMs on EMT in lung adenocarcinomas. Conclusions In conclusion, autophagic TAMs promoted TGF-β1 secretion through the FUT4/p-ezrin pathway and induced EMT in co-cultured lung adenocarcinoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangwu Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
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10
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Glycobiology of the Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9070770. [PMID: 34356834 PMCID: PMC8301408 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9070770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycosylation consists in the covalent, enzyme mediated, attachment of sugar chains to proteins and lipids. A large proportion of membrane and secreted proteins are indeed glycoproteins, while glycolipids are fundamental component of cell membranes. The biosynthesis of sugar chains is mediated by glycosyltransferases, whose level of expression represents a major factor of regulation of the glycosylation process. In cancer, glycosylation undergoes profound changes, which often contribute to invasion and metastasis. Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a key step in metastasis formation and is intimately associated with glycosylation changes. Numerous carbohydrate structures undergo up- or down-regulation during EMT and often regulate the process. In this review, we will discuss the relationship with EMT of the N-glycans, of the different types of O-glycans, including the classical mucin-type, O-GlcNAc, O-linked fucose, O-linked mannose and of glycolipids. Finally, we will discuss the role in EMT of galectins, a major class of mammalian galactoside-binding lectins. While the expression of specific carbohydrate structures can be used as a marker of EMT and of the propensity to migrate, the manipulation of the glycosylation machinery offers new perspectives for cancer treatment through inhibition of EMT.
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11
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Zhou J, Wang H, Hong F, Hu S, Su X, Chen J, Chu J. CircularRNA circPARP4 promotes glioblastoma progression through sponging miR-125a-5p and regulating FUT4. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:138-156. [PMID: 33520365 PMCID: PMC7840713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Circular RNA (circRNA) is a widely expressed non-coding RNA element characterized by a covalently closed continuous loop. Emerging evidence suggests important roles of circRNAs in the pathogenesis of human cancers. However, the functions and underlying mechanisms of circRNAs in glioma remain largely unclear. Previously, our studies uncovered a batch of abnormally expressed circRNAs in glioma tissue, among which circPARP4 was significantly upregulated with the top fold change. Here, we focused on the functional investigation toward circPARP4 in glioblastoma progression and looked for insight into its underlying mechanisms. The results confirmed the elevated expression of circPARP4 in glioma and found its association with glioma pathological grade. Gain- and loss-of-function strategies showed that circPARP4 could obviously promote glioma cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Mechanistically, in vivo and in vitro studies demonstrated that circPARP4, as a miRNA sponge, directly interacted with miR-125a-5p, which then regulated FUT4 to exert the oncogenic effect on glioma behavior. Our findings illustrate functions of circPARP4 in modulating glioma progression through miR-125a-5p/FUT4 pathway, which provides a novel and potential target for glioma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxu Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wuxi Clinical School of Anhui Medical UniversityWuxi 214044, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The 904th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of PLAWuxi 214044, China
| | - Hongxiang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Military Medical UniversityShanghai 200003, China
| | - Fan Hong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Military Medical UniversityShanghai 200003, China
| | - Shuai Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wuxi Clinical School of Anhui Medical UniversityWuxi 214044, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The 904th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of PLAWuxi 214044, China
| | - Xin Su
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wuxi Clinical School of Anhui Medical UniversityWuxi 214044, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The 904th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of PLAWuxi 214044, China
| | - Juxiang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Military Medical UniversityShanghai 200003, China
| | - Junsheng Chu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing 100070, China
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12
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Thomas D, Rathinavel AK, Radhakrishnan P. Altered glycosylation in cancer: A promising target for biomarkers and therapeutics. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2020; 1875:188464. [PMID: 33157161 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2020.188464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Glycosylation is a well-regulated cell and microenvironment specific post-translational modification. Several glycosyltransferases and glycosidases orchestrate the addition of defined glycan structures on the proteins and lipids. Recent advances and systemic approaches in glycomics have significantly contributed to a better understanding of instrumental roles of glycans in health and diseases. Emerging research evidence recognized aberrantly glycosylated proteins as the modulators of the malignant phenotype of cancer cells. The Cancer Genome Atlas has identified alterations in the expressions of glycosylation-specific genes that are correlated with cancer progression. However, the mechanistic basis remains poorly explored. Recent researches have shown that specific changes in the glycan structures are associated with 'stemness' and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition of cancer cells. Moreover, epigenetic changes in the glycosylation pattern make the tumor cells capable of escaping immunosurveillance mechanisms. The deciphering roles of glycans in cancer emphasize that glycans can serve as a source for the development of novel clinical biomarkers. The ability of glycans in intervening various stages of tumor progression and the biosynthetic pathways involved in glycan structures constitute a promising target for cancer therapy. Advances in the knowledge of innovative strategies for identifying the mechanisms of glycan-binding proteins are hoped to hold great potential in cancer therapy. This review discusses the fundamental role of glycans in regulating tumorigenesis and tumor progression and provides insights into the influence of glycans in the current tactics of targeted therapies in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Thomas
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Ashok Kumar Rathinavel
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Prakash Radhakrishnan
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.
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Transcriptome Based Profiling of the Immune Cell Gene Signature in Rat Experimental Colitis and Human IBD Tissue Samples. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10070974. [PMID: 32610492 PMCID: PMC7407160 DOI: 10.3390/biom10070974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic intestinal inflammation is characteristic of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) that is associated with the exaggerated infiltration of immune cells. A complex interplay of inflammatory mediators and different cell types in the colon are responsible for the maintenance of tissue homeostasis and affect pathological conditions. Gene expression alteration of colon biopsies from IBD patients and an in vivo rat model of colitis were examined by RNA-Seq and QPCR, while we used in silico methods, such as Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) application and the Immune Gene Signature (ImSig) package of R, to interpret whole transcriptome data and estimate immune cell composition of colon tissues. Transcriptome profiling of in vivo colitis model revealed the most significant activation of signaling pathways responsible for leukocyte recruitment and diapedesis. We observed significant alteration of genes related to glycosylation or sensing of danger signals and pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, as well as adhesion molecules. We observed the elevated expression of genes that implies the accumulation of monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils and B cells in the inflamed colon tissue. In contrast, the rate of T-cells slightly decreased in the inflamed regions. Interestingly, natural killer and plasma cells do not show enrichment upon colon inflammation. In general, whole transcriptome analysis of the in vivo experimental model of colitis with subsequent bioinformatics analysis provided a better understanding of the dynamic changes in the colon tissue of IBD patients.
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Qin H, Liu J, Yu M, Wang H, Thomas AM, Li S, Yan Q, Wang L. FUT7 promotes the malignant transformation of follicular thyroid carcinoma through α1,3-fucosylation of EGF receptor. Exp Cell Res 2020; 393:112095. [PMID: 32442537 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2020.112095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Aberrant protein glycosylation is involved in many diseases including cancer. This study investigated the role of fucosyltransferase VII (FUT7) in the progression of follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC). FUT7 expression was found to be upregulated in FTC compared to paracancerous thyroid tissue, and in FTC with T2 stage of TMN classification compared to FTC with T1 stage. FUT7 overexpression promoted cell proliferation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and the migration and invasion of primary FTC cell line FTC-133. Consistently, FUT7 knock-down inhibited cell proliferation, EMT, as well as the migration and invasion of the metastatic FTC cell line FTC-238. Mechanistic investigation revealed that FUT7 catalyzed the α1,3-fucosylation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in FTC cells. The extent of glycan α1,3-fucosylation on EGFR was positively correlated with the activation of EGFR in the presence/absence of epidermal growth factor (EGF) treatment. Furthermore, FUT7 was shown to enhance EGF-induced progression of FTC cells through mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling pathways. These findings provide a new perspective on FUT7 that may be a novel diagnostic and therapeutic target of FTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huamin Qin
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jianwei Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Core Lab of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering, Dalian, China
| | - Ming Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Core Lab of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering, Dalian, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Core Lab of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering, Dalian, China
| | - Aline M Thomas
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Shen Li
- Department of Neurology, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital Affiliated of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Qiu Yan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Core Lab of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering, Dalian, China.
| | - Lifen Wang
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
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15
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Sadeghzadeh Z, Khosravi A, Jazi MS, Asadi J. Upregulation of Fucosyltransferase 3, 8 and protein O-Fucosyltransferase 1, 2 genes in esophageal cancer stem-like cells (CSLCs). Glycoconj J 2020; 37:319-327. [PMID: 32157457 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-020-09917-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Recently, studies have shown that Fucosylation plays an important role in the invasion and metastatic process of CSLCs. Understanding the expression pattern of fucosyltransferase (FUT) genes may help to suggest better-targeted therapy strategies for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). The study aimed to address the expression pattern of FUT gene variants in esophageal CSLCs and parental adherent cells. Sphere formation method was used to enrich CSLCs. Expression of FUT genes was examined in tumor sphere and parental adherent cells using the RT-PCR method and then relative expression of detected variants was performed by the Real-Time PCR method in both groups. The detected FUTs, also, were assessed in fresh ESCC tumors and the matched healthy controls. Analysis of The cell surface carbohydrate Lewis x (LeX, CD15) was performed by flow cytometry. Molecular analysis showed that the expression of FUT 3, 8 and POFUT1, 2 genes in tumorsphere were significantly higher than parental adherent cells. Analysis of fresh ESCC tumor tissues and the matched healthy controls showed that FUT8 and POFUT1, 2 genes in contrast to FUT 3 have higher expression in tumor tissues than controls. Flow cytometric analyses revealed that tumorsphere and their parent cells do not differ significantly in Lewis x surface marker. The present study showed that FUT 3, 8 and POFUT1, 2 genes upregulated in esophageal CSLCs in comparison to adherent cells. Understanding the expression pattern of FUT gene variants may help to suggest better-targeted therapy strategies for ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Sadeghzadeh
- Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Ayyoob Khosravi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Technologies, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Marie Saghaeian Jazi
- Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.,Stem Cell Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Jahanbakhsh Asadi
- Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran. .,Stem Cell Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
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16
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Shan X, Dong W, Zhang L, Cai X, Zhao Y, Chen Q, Yan Q, Liu J. Role of fucosyltransferase IV in the migration and invasion of human melanoma cells. IUBMB Life 2020; 72:942-956. [PMID: 31961483 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Malignant melanoma is one of the most aggressive human tumor types, mainly due to its high invasion capability, metastatic properties, and the absence of effective treatments. Glycosylation serves a pivotal role in the migration and invasion of melanoma. However, differences in glycosylation between high and low metastatic melanoma cells and how these regulate migration and invasion by altering the expression of fucosyltransferases (FUTs) remain unclear. In the present study, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) analysis revealed that the composition profiling of fucosylated N-glycans differed between high metastatic C8161 and low metastatic A375P cells. Further analysis revealed that FUT4 expression was significantly increased in C8161 cells. Melanoma tissue arrays further demonstrated that FUT4 was overexpressed in metastatic samples. Altered FUT4 expression was accompanied by a change in the migration and invasion capacity of the cells. In addition, the migration and invasion potential of melanoma cells were decreased in C8161 and increased in A375P cells upon altering FUT4 expression levels by small interfering RNA or complementary DNA transfection. Furthermore, regulating FUT4 expression markedly modulated the activity of the phosphoinositide-3-kinase/Akt (PI3K/Akt) signaling pathway, which affected melanoma cell migration and invasion. In conclusion, FUT4 is a novel biomarker and regulator of the migration and invasion of melanoma cells and may serve as a therapeutic target for melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu Shan
- Department of Oncology, Dalian Medical University, the First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Weijie Dong
- Liaoning Provincial Core Lab of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Dalian Medical University, the First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xin Cai
- Department of Oncology, Dalian Medical University, the First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yi Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Dalian Medical University, the First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Qun Chen
- Department of Oncology, Dalian Medical University, the First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Qiu Yan
- Liaoning Provincial Core Lab of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Jiwei Liu
- Department of Oncology, Dalian Medical University, the First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
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17
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Park S, Lim JM, Chun JN, Lee S, Kim TM, Kim DW, Kim SY, Bae DJ, Bae SM, So I, Kim HG, Choi JY, Jeon JH. Altered expression of fucosylation pathway genes is associated with poor prognosis and tumor metastasis in non‑small cell lung cancer. Int J Oncol 2019; 56:559-567. [PMID: 31894325 PMCID: PMC6959459 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2019.4953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Fucosylation is a post‑translational modification that attaches fucose residues to protein‑ or lipid‑bound oligosaccharides. Certain fucosylation pathway genes are aberrantly expressed in several types of cancer, including non‑small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and this aberrant expression is associated with poor prognosis in patients with cancer. However, the molecular mechanism by which these fucosylation pathway genes promote tumor progression has not been well‑characterized. The present study analyzed public microarray data obtained from NSCLC samples. Multivariate analysis revealed that altered expression of fucosylation pathway genes, including fucosyltransferase 1 (FUT1), FUT2, FUT3, FUT6, FUT8 and GDP‑L‑fucose synthase (TSTA3), correlated with poor survival in patients with NSCLC. Inhibition of FUTs by 2F‑peracetyl‑fucose (2F‑PAF) suppressed transforming growth factor β (TGFβ)‑mediated Smad3 phosphorylation and nuclear translocation in NSCLC cells. In addition, wound‑healing and Transwell migration assays demonstrated that 2F‑PAF inhibited TGFβ‑induced NSCLC cell migration and invasion. Furthermore, in vivo bioluminescence imaging analysis revealed that 2F‑PAF attenuated the metastatic capacity of NSCLC cells. These results may help characterize the oncogenic role of fucosylation in NSCLC biology and highlight its potential for developing cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soonbum Park
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Muk Lim
- Biomedical Knowledge Engineering Laboratory, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Nyeo Chun
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghoon Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, University of
Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112‑5650, USA
| | - Tae Min Kim
- Seoul National University Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Wan Kim
- Seoul National University Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Yeob Kim
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05535, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Jun Bae
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05535, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Mun Bae
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05535, Republic of Korea
| | - Insuk So
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong-Gee Kim
- Biomedical Knowledge Engineering Laboratory, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Yeob Choi
- Seoul National University Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Hong Jeon
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
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18
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MyoD1 suppresses cell migration and invasion by inhibiting FUT4 transcription in human gastric cancer cells. Cancer Gene Ther 2019; 27:773-784. [PMID: 31831855 PMCID: PMC7661344 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-019-0153-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Myogenic differentiation 1 (MyoD1) is a transcription factor that promotes expression of muscle-specific genes. MyoD1 is expressed at significantly lower levels in gastric cancer (GC) tissues and cells, and it induces apoptosis in GC cells. However, functions for MyoD1 in GC cell migration and gene expression have not been documented. We show that knockdown of MyoD1 promoted migration and invasion of GC cells, whereas MyoD1 overexpression suppressed migration and invasion. We performed chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)-sequencing to identify MyoD1 target genes in MKN-45 cells. The 2-kb upstream regions (Up2k) of the transcription start sites of 57 genes were probably bound by MyoD1. Six of these genes function in signaling pathways such as synthesis of glycosphingolipid biosynthesis—lacto and neolacto series. MyoD1 inhibited transcription of fucosyltransferase IV (FUT4) by binding directly to the FUT4 F3; this finding was validated by ChIP-quantitative PCR and a luciferase reporter assay. Ulex europaeus agglutinin I, which binds Fucα1-2Galβ1-4GlcNAc, and Lewis antigens showed decreased binding to the plasma membrane of cells that overexpressed MyoD1. Knockdown of FUT4 mimicked MyoD1 overexpression by suppressing GC cell migration and invasion; this result implied that MyoD1 suppressed cell migration and invasion via inhibiting the FUT4/matrix metallopeptidase signaling pathway. In summary, this study demonstrated that MyoD1 suppresses migration and invasion of GC cells by directly binding to the F3 region in the FUT4 Up2k and inhibiting FUT4/type II Lewis antigen expression.
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19
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Zhang S, Rong P, Chen Q, Wang W. Suppressor of activator protein-1 regulated by interferon expression in prostate cancer tissues and cells. Life Sci 2019; 232:116626. [PMID: 31276688 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to investigate the role of the suppressor of activator protein-1 regulated by interferon (SARI), in the development and progression of prostate cancer. METHODS Sixty-seven prostate cancer tissue specimens and 20 benign prostatic hyperplasia specimens were used to investigate the correlation between SARI expression and clinicopathologic parameters. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the SARI and E-cadherin protein expression in the prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia specimens, and their correlation was established. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) was used to determine the SARI mRNA expression in a normal prostate cell line (RWPE-1) and prostate cancer cell lines (LNCaP and PC3). Western blotting was used to detect the SARI protein expression in the RWPE-1, LNCaP, and PC3 cell lines. RESULTS SARI protein expression did not correlate with the prostate cancer patients' age or serum Prostate-Specific Antigen value but did show a correlation with the tumor stage of prostate cancer and Gleason score. SARI and E-cadherin expression in the prostate cancer tissue was significantly lower than in the benign prostatic hyperplasia specimens, suggesting a positive correlation between the SARI and E-cadherin expression. SARI mRNA and protein were highly expressed in RWPE-1, the normal prostate cell line, but SARI mRNA and protein expression were reduced in the prostate cancer cell lines, LNCaP and PC3. Significant differences in the expression were found between the prostate cancer cell lines and the normal prostate cell line. CONCLUSION In this study, high SARI expression was found to be negatively correlated with the development and progression of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengwang Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Pengfei Rong
- Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Department of Pathology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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20
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Jassam SA, Maherally Z, Ashkan K, Pilkington GJ, Fillmore HL. Fucosyltransferase 4 and 7 mediates adhesion of non-small cell lung cancer cells to brain-derived endothelial cells and results in modification of the blood-brain-barrier: in vitro investigation of CD15 and CD15s in lung-to-brain metastasis. J Neurooncol 2019; 143:405-415. [PMID: 31104223 PMCID: PMC6591197 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-019-03188-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Metastatic non-small cell lung (NSCLC) cancer represents one of the most common types of brain metastasis. The mechanisms involved in how circulating cancer cells transmigrate into brain parenchyma are not fully understood. The aim of this work was to investigate the role of fucosylated carbohydrate epitopes CD15 and sialyated CD15s in cancer adhesion to brain-derived endothelial cells and determine their influence in blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption METHODS: Three distinct, independent methods were used to measure brain endothelial integrity and include voltohmmeter (EVOM™), impedance spectroscopy (CellZscope®) and electric cell-substrate impedance sensing system (ECIS™). Two fucosyltransferases (FUT4 and 7) responsible for CD15 and CD15s synthesis were modulated in four human cancer cell lines (three lung cancer and one glioma). RESULTS Overexpression of CD15 or CD15s epitopes led to increase in adhesion of cancer cells to cerebral endothelial cells compared with wild-type and cells with silenced CD15 or CD15s (p < 0.01). This overexpression led to the disruption of cerebral endothelial cell monolayers (p < 0.01). Knockdown of FUT4 and FUT7 in metastatic cancer cells prevented disruption of an in vitro BBB model. Surprisingly, although the cells characterised as 'non-metastatic', they became 'metastatic' -like when cells were forced to over-express either FUT4 or FUT7. CONCLUSIONS Results from these studies suggest that overexpression of CD15 and CD15s could potentiate the transmigration of circulating NSCLC cells into the brain. The clinical significance of these studies includes the possible use of these epitopes as biomarkers for metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samah A Jassam
- Cellular and Molecular Neuro-Oncology Research Group, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, White Swan Road, Portsmouth, P01 2DT, UK
| | - Zaynah Maherally
- Cellular and Molecular Neuro-Oncology Research Group, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, White Swan Road, Portsmouth, P01 2DT, UK
| | - Keyoumars Ashkan
- Neuro-Surgery, King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 9RS, UK
| | - Geoffrey J Pilkington
- Cellular and Molecular Neuro-Oncology Research Group, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, White Swan Road, Portsmouth, P01 2DT, UK
| | - Helen L Fillmore
- Cellular and Molecular Neuro-Oncology Research Group, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, White Swan Road, Portsmouth, P01 2DT, UK.
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N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferase III (GnT-III) but not N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferase-6 and 8 are Differentially Expressed in Invasive and In Situ Ductal Carcinoma of the Breast. Pathol Oncol Res 2019; 25:759-768. [PMID: 30689164 DOI: 10.1007/s12253-019-00593-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Mammary carcinoma is the most common malignant tumor in women, and it is the leading cause of mortality. In tumor context, glycosylation promotes post translational modifications necessary for cell progression, emerging as a relevant tumor hallmarker. This study aimed to analyze the association between polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase-6 (ppGalNAc-T6), -T8, N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase III (GnT-III) expression, Phaseolus vulgaris-leucoagglutinin (PHA-L), wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) and peanut agglutinin (PNA) staining with clinic-histopathological factors from patients with pure ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and DCIS with invasive ductal carcinoma (DCIS-IDC) of breast. Formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded samples (n = 109) were analyzed. In pure DCIS samples GnT-III was over-expressed in comedo lesions (p = 0.007). In DCIS-IDC, GnT-III expression was associated with high nuclear grade tumors (p = 0.039) while the presence of PHA-L and WGA were inversely related to HER-2 expression (p = 0.001; p = 0.036, respectively). These findings pointed to possible involvement of GnT-III, ppGalNAc-T8, L-PHA and WGA as probes in prognostic evaluation of DCIS.
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22
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FUT4 is involved in PD-1-related immunosuppression and leads to worse survival in patients with operable lung adenocarcinoma. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2018; 145:65-76. [PMID: 30357521 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-018-2761-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE As an important glycosyltransferase, fucosyltransferase IV (FUT4) is abnormally upregulated in different types of cancers, but its clinical role remains inexplicit. This work aimed to determine the predictive ability of FUT4 in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) after curative resection, as well as to explore the role of a possible FUT4 molecular mechanism on LUAD malignant behavior. METHODS A total of 273 LUAD patients after curative resection with complete clinicopathological and RNAseq data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort were collected. Correlation of FUT4 with overall survival (OS) was analyzed based on TCGA and further validated by online "Kaplan-Meier Plotter" database and IHC in 70 LUAD patients recruited in the First Hospital of China Medical University cohort. Multivariate Cox regression analysis and 1000 bootstrapping were performed to verify the predictive value of FUT4. Gene set enrichment assay (GSEA) was performed to investigate the biological characteristics. Correlation between PD-1 and FUT4 was analyzed based on TCGA cohort and validated by IHC on cohort from our hospital. RESULTS Increased FUT4 expression led to reduced overall survival (OS) of LUAD patients based on TCGA (p = 0.006 and 0.001 for dichotomous and trichotomous modeling, respectively) and externally validated in KMPLOTTER (p = 0.01) and by IHC based on cohort from our hospital (p = 0.005 and p = 0.019 for dichotomous and trichotomous modeling, respectively). FUT4 overexpression was an independent high risk factor for OS along with advanced pT stage and pTNM stage (p = 0.001, p = 0.037, and p < 0.001, respectively). GSEA revealed that FUT4 overexpression might correlate with shortened survival of LUAD patients by promoting cell proliferation via ERBB signaling, and suppressing immune response-related pathways. FUT4 expression positively correlated with PD-1 in TCGA (p = 0.026) and validated by IHC on cohort from our hospital (p = 0.029). CONCLUSIONS Increased FUT4 expression led to reduced OS in operable LUAD. FUT4 showed significant correlation with immune response and PD-1 expression.
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23
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Carrascal MA, Silva M, Ramalho JS, Pen C, Martins M, Pascoal C, Amaral C, Serrano I, Oliveira MJ, Sackstein R, Videira PA. Inhibition of fucosylation in human invasive ductal carcinoma reduces E-selectin ligand expression, cell proliferation, and ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK activation. Mol Oncol 2018; 12:579-593. [PMID: 29215790 PMCID: PMC5928367 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Revised: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer tissue overexpresses fucosylated glycans, such as sialyl-Lewis X/A (sLeX/A ), and α-1,3/4-fucosyltransferases (FUTs) in relation to increased disease progression and metastasis. These glycans in tumor circulating cells mediate binding to vascular E-selectin, initiating tumor extravasation. However, their role in breast carcinogenesis is still unknown. Here, we aimed to define the contribution of the fucosylated structures, including sLeX/A , to cell adhesion, cell signaling, and cell proliferation in invasive ductal carcinomas (IDC), the most frequent type of breast cancer. We first analyzed expression of E-selectin ligands in IDC tissue and established primary cell cultures from the tissue. We observed strong reactivity with E-selectin and anti-sLeX/A antibodies in both IDC tissue and cell lines, and expression of α-1,3/4 FUTs FUT4, FUT5, FUT6, FUT10, and FUT11. To further assess the role of fucosylation in IDC biology, we immortalized a primary IDC cell line with human telomerase reverse transcriptase to create the 'CF1_T cell line'. Treatment with 2-fluorofucose (2-FF), a fucosylation inhibitor, completely abrogated its sLeX/A expression and dramatically reduced adherence of CF1_T cells to E-selectin under hemodynamic flow conditions. In addition, 2-FF-treated CF1_T cells showed a reduced migratory ability, as well as decreased cell proliferation rate. Notably, 2-FF treatment lowered the growth factor expression of CF1_T cells, prominently for FGF2, vascular endothelial growth factor, and transforming growth factor beta, and negatively affected activation of signal-regulating protein kinases 1 and 2 and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways. These data indicate that fucosylation licenses several malignant features of IDC, such as cell adhesion, migration, proliferation, and growth factor expression, contributing to tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mylène A. Carrascal
- UCIBIODepartamento Ciências da VidaFaculdade de Ciências e TecnologiaUniversidade Nova de LisboaPortugal
- CEDOCChronic Diseases Research CenterNOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências MédicasUniversidade Nova de LisboaPortugal
| | - Mariana Silva
- CEDOCChronic Diseases Research CenterNOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências MédicasUniversidade Nova de LisboaPortugal
- Departments of Dermatology and MedicineBrigham & Women's HospitalBostonMAUSA
- Harvard Medical SchoolProgram of Excellence in GlycosciencesBostonMAUSA
| | - José S. Ramalho
- CEDOCChronic Diseases Research CenterNOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências MédicasUniversidade Nova de LisboaPortugal
| | - Cláudia Pen
- Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa CentralEPE – Serviço de Anatomia PatológicaLisbonPortugal
| | - Manuela Martins
- Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa CentralEPE – Serviço de Anatomia PatológicaLisbonPortugal
| | - Carlota Pascoal
- UCIBIODepartamento Ciências da VidaFaculdade de Ciências e TecnologiaUniversidade Nova de LisboaPortugal
| | - Constança Amaral
- UCIBIODepartamento Ciências da VidaFaculdade de Ciências e TecnologiaUniversidade Nova de LisboaPortugal
| | | | - Maria José Oliveira
- New Therapies GroupINEB‐Institute for Biomedical EngineeringPortoPortugal
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em SaúdeUniversidade do PortoPortugal
| | - Robert Sackstein
- Departments of Dermatology and MedicineBrigham & Women's HospitalBostonMAUSA
- Harvard Medical SchoolProgram of Excellence in GlycosciencesBostonMAUSA
| | - Paula A. Videira
- UCIBIODepartamento Ciências da VidaFaculdade de Ciências e TecnologiaUniversidade Nova de LisboaPortugal
- CEDOCChronic Diseases Research CenterNOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências MédicasUniversidade Nova de LisboaPortugal
- CDG & Allies – PPAIN Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation Professionals and Patient Associations International NetworkCaparicaPortugal
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Jin X, Bu Q, Zou Y, Feng Y, Wei M. Lewis-antigen-containing ICAM-2/3 on Jurkat leukemia cells interact with DC-SIGN to regulate DC functions. Glycoconj J 2018; 35:287-297. [PMID: 29671117 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-018-9822-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Revised: 02/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3-grabbing nonintegrin (DC-SIGN) is an important C-type lectin and plays a critical role in the recognition of pathogens and self-antigens. It has recently been shown that DC-SIGN directly interacts with acute T lymphoblastic leukemia cells. However, the mechanism regulating DC-SIGN-dependent DC association as well as related functions is still elusive. Here we showed that DC-SIGN preferentially bound to a set of malignant T lymphocytes, including Jurkat, CCRF-HSB2 and CCRF-CEM. ICAM-2/3 on Jurkat cells appeared to be the responsible ligands and the block of ICAM-2/3 dramatically impaired DC-SIGN association. We also found that ICAM-2/3 bear a considerable amount of Lewis X, Lewis Y and Lewis A residues, which are important for DC-SIGN recognition. Furthermore, transcriptome analysis revealed an upregulation of fucosyltransferase 4 (FUT4) in Jurkat cells and downregulating FUT4 limited DC-SIGN binding, indicating a previously unappreciated role of FUT4 in the control of Lewis antigens on malignant T lymphocytes. In addition, the presence of Jurkat cells impaired DC maturation and the block of DC-SIGN improved Jurkat cell-mediated effects on DC function and T cell differentiation. Together, we provide evidence that DC-SIGN orients DC association with acute T lymphoblastic leukemia cells and orchestrates DC functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Jin
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, 5268 Renmin Street, Changchun, Jilin, 130024, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingpan Bu
- School of Life Sciences, Changchun Normal University, 677 Changji Northroad, Changchun, Jilin, 130032, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingying Zou
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, 5268 Renmin Street, Changchun, Jilin, 130024, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunpeng Feng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, 5268 Renmin Street, Changchun, Jilin, 130024, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Wei
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, 5268 Renmin Street, Changchun, Jilin, 130024, People's Republic of China.
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25
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Wang A, Lu C, Ning Z, Gao W, Xie Y, Zhang N, Liang J, Abbasi FS, Yan Q, Liu J. Tumor-associated macrophages promote Ezrin phosphorylation-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition in lung adenocarcinoma through FUT4/LeY up-regulation. Oncotarget 2018; 8:28247-28259. [PMID: 28423676 PMCID: PMC5438647 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are key components of tumor microenvironment (TME) during tumorigenesis and progression. However, the role of TAMs in lung adenocarcinoma is still unclear. In this study, we aimed to clarify the mechanism underlying the crosstalk between TAMs and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of lung adenocarcinoma. Fucosyltransferase IV (FUT4) and its synthetic cancer sugar antigen Lewis Y (LeY) was aberrantly elevated in various solid tumors, it plays critical role in the invasion and metastasis. Here, we found that in lung adenocarcinoma samples, the density of TAMs correlates with E-cadherin level and LeY level. In vitro assays, M2 macrophages promoted FUT4/LeY expression through the transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1)/Smad2/3 signaling pathway. FUT4/LeY was indispensable in M2 macrophages-mediated cytoskeletal remodeling and EMT. Furthermore, fucosylation of Ezrin mediated by FUT4/LeY can promote the phosphorylation of Ezrin, which was the critical mechanism of M2 macrophages-induced EMT. In vivo assays confirmed that M2 macrophages promoted EMT through the up-regulation of LeY and phosphorylated Ezrin. Together, our results revealed that TAMs promote Ezrin phosphorylation-mediated EMT in lung adenocarcinoma through FUT4/LeY- mediated fucosylation. Targeting this newly identified signaling may offer new possibilities for immunotherapy in lung adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aman Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 116011, Dalian, China
| | - Chang Lu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 116011, Dalian, China
| | - Zhen Ning
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 116011, Dalian, China
| | - Wei Gao
- City College, Zhejiang University, 310000, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yunpeng Xie
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 116011, Dalian, China
| | - Ningning Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 116011, Dalian, China
| | - Jinxiao Liang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, 310000, Hangzhou, China
| | - Faisal S Abbasi
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 116011, Dalian, China
| | - Qiu Yan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, 116011, Dalian, China
| | - Jiwei Liu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 116011, Dalian, China
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26
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Blanas A, Sahasrabudhe NM, Rodríguez E, van Kooyk Y, van Vliet SJ. Fucosylated Antigens in Cancer: An Alliance toward Tumor Progression, Metastasis, and Resistance to Chemotherapy. Front Oncol 2018. [PMID: 29527514 PMCID: PMC5829055 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant glycosylation of tumor cells is recognized as a universal hallmark of cancer pathogenesis. Overexpression of fucosylated epitopes, such as type I (H1, Lewisa, Lewisb, and sialyl Lewisa) and type II (H2, Lewisx, Lewisy, and sialyl Lewisx) Lewis antigens, frequently occurs on the cancer cell surface and is mainly attributed to upregulated expression of pertinent fucosyltransferases (FUTs). Nevertheless, the impact of fucose-containing moieties on tumor cell biology is not fully elucidated yet. Here, we review the relevance of tumor-overexpressed FUTs and their respective synthesized Lewis determinants in critical aspects associated with cancer progression, such as increased cell survival and proliferation, tissue invasion and metastasis, epithelial to mesenchymal transition, epithelial and immune cell interaction, angiogenesis, multidrug resistance, and cancer stemness. Furthermore, we discuss the potential use of enhanced levels of fucosylation as glycan biomarkers for early prognosis, diagnosis, and disease monitoring in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athanasios Blanas
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Neha M Sahasrabudhe
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Ernesto Rodríguez
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Yvette van Kooyk
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sandra J van Vliet
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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27
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miR-200b inhibits proliferation and metastasis of breast cancer by targeting fucosyltransferase IV and α1,3-fucosylated glycans. Oncogenesis 2017; 6:e358. [PMID: 28692034 PMCID: PMC5541710 DOI: 10.1038/oncsis.2017.58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Revised: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant protein fucosylation is associated with cancer malignancy. Fucosyltransferase IV (FUT4) is the key enzyme catalyzing the biosynthesis of α1,3-linkage fucosylated glycans carried by glycoproteins on the cell surface, such as the tumor-associated sugar antigen Lewis Y (LeY). An abnormal increase in the levels of FUT4 and LeY is observed in many cancers and correlated with cell proliferation and metastasis. Some microRNAs (miRNAs) are known to negatively regulate gene expression. FUT4 is an oncogenic glycogene, and thus it is important to identify the specific miRNA targeting FUT4. In current study, we first identified miR-200b as a specific miRNA that inhibited FUT4 expression. We found that miR-200b level was decreased, whereas that of FUT4 was increased in tissues and serum of breast cancer compared with that in the control by real-time PCR, western blotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The alterations of miR-200b and FUT4 level were recovered after chemotherapy. The results also showed that miR-200b suppressed FUT4 expression and inhibited tumor growth and metastasis in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells, as well as in the xenografted tumor tissues and metastatic lung tissues. miR-200b decreased the α1,3-fucosylation and LeY biosynthesis on epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), as well as inactivation of EGFR and downstream phosphoinositide-3 kinase/Akt signaling pathway. In conclusion, the study highlights that FUT4 could apply as a novel target for miR-200b that suppress the proliferation and metastasis of breast cancer cells by reducing α1,3-fucosylation and LeY biosynthesis of glycoproteins. miR-200b and FUT4 are potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets for breast cancer.
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28
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Li Y, Sun Z, Liu B, Shan Y, Zhao L, Jia L. Tumor-suppressive miR-26a and miR-26b inhibit cell aggressiveness by regulating FUT4 in colorectal cancer. Cell Death Dis 2017. [PMID: 28640257 PMCID: PMC5520934 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2017.281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis is a multistep molecular network process, which is the major cause of death in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play pivotal roles in tumorigenesis as either tumor suppressors or oncogenes. Increased expression of fucosyltransferase4 (FUT4) has been reported to be associated with the invasive and metastatic properties of CRC. Here to identify potential key miRNAs and their target genes for colorectal cancer (CRC), we compared miRNA expression profiles between metastatic CRC cell SW620 and primary CRC cell SW480. Microarray analysis revealed that there were 85 differentially expressed miRNAs in SW620 cells with highly metastatic potential compared to SW480 cells with lowly metastatic potential. The expression of miR-26a and miR-26b were lower in SW620 cells than in SW480 cells, as well as downregulated in tumor tissues than in adjacent normal tissues of CRC patients. By applying bioinformatic approaches for the prediction of miRNA targeting 3'-UTR of FUT4, we identified FUT4 as one of the miR-26a/26b-targeted genes, while the expression of the target gene exhibited patterns opposite to that of miR-26a/26b in CRC cell lines, tumor tissues and corresponding adjacent tissues. Forced miR-26a/26b expression affected migratory behavior of CRC cells and FUT4 expression, while altered expression of FUT4 in CRC cell lines modulated progression upon transfection with miR-26a/26b mimic or inhibiter. FUT4 also regulated directly aggressiveness of SW620 and SW480 cells. Moreover, statistical analyses revealed that low miR-26a/26b levels and high expression of FUT4 were positively correlated with poor overall survival. The identified CRC-restricted miR-26a and miR-26b might be implicated in cancer progression via their target gene FUT4, suggesting their potential usage in CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- College of Laboratory Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Liaoning Province, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Zheng Sun
- College of Laboratory Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Liaoning Province, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Bing Liu
- College of Laboratory Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Liaoning Province, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Yujia Shan
- College of Laboratory Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Liaoning Province, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Lifen Zhao
- College of Laboratory Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Liaoning Province, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Li Jia
- College of Laboratory Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Liaoning Province, Dalian 116044, China
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29
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Liu C, Liang X, Wang J, Zheng Q, Zhao Y, Khan MN, Liu S, Yan Q. Protein O-fucosyltransferase 1 promotes trophoblast cell proliferation through activation of MAPK and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 88:95-101. [PMID: 28103512 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Revised: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein O-fucosylation is an important glycosylation modification and plays an important role in embryonic development. Protein O-fucosyltransferase 1 (poFUT1) is an essential enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of protein O-fucosylation. Our previous studies showed that poFUT1 promoted trophoblast cell migration and invasion at the fetal-maternal interface, but the role of poFUT1 in trophoblast cells proliferation remains unclear. Here, immunohistochemistry data showed that poFUT1 and PCNA levels were decreased in abortion patient's trophoblasts compared with women with normal pregnancies. Our results also showed that poFUT1 promoted trophoblast cell proliferation by CCK-8 assay and cell cycle analysis. PoFUT1 increased the phosphorylation of ERK1/2, p38 MAPK, and PI3K/Akt, while inhibitors of ERK1/2(PD98059), p38 MAPK(SB203580), and PI3K (LY294002) prevented ERK1/2, p38 MAPK, and Akt phosphorylation. Moreover, poFUT1 stimulation of trophoblast cells proliferation correlated with increased cell cycle progression by promoting cells into S-phase. The underlying mechanism involved increased cyclin D1, cyclin E, CDK 2, CDK 4, and pRb expression and decreased levels of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors p21 and p27, which were blocked by inhibitors of the upstream signaling molecules MAPK and PI3K/Akt. In conclusion, poFUT1 promotes trophoblast cell proliferation by activating MAPK and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- Institute of Anaesthesia, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Core Lab of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering, Dalian 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohua Liang
- Dalian Blood Center, Dalian 116001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiao Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Core Lab of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering, Dalian 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Zheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Core Lab of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering, Dalian 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Core Lab of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering, Dalian 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Noman Khan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Core Lab of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering, Dalian 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Core Lab of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering, Dalian 116044, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qiu Yan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Core Lab of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering, Dalian 116044, People's Republic of China
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30
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Zhang K, Wang H. [Role of Fucosylation in Cancer]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2017; 19:760-765. [PMID: 27866519 PMCID: PMC5999636 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2016.11.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
岩藻糖基化是重要的糖基化修饰方式,在哺乳动物中发挥重要作用,其参与ABO血型H抗原、Lewis血型抗原形成、选择素介导的白细胞外渗或归巢、宿主病原相互作用及信号通路修饰。在多种肿瘤中存在岩藻糖基化异常,其在肿瘤生长、侵袭、转移、免疫逃逸以及药物敏感性方面发挥重要作用,与肺癌的发生发展及预后密切相关。因此,靶向肿瘤中异常岩藻糖基化可能成为治疗肿瘤的新策略。本文将对岩藻糖基化在肿瘤发生发展中的作用进行综述。
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Zhang
- Department of Lung Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of the PLA Military Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Lung Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of the PLA Military Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China
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31
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da Fonseca LM, da Silva VA, Freire-de-Lima L, Previato JO, Mendonça-Previato L, Capella MAM. Glycosylation in Cancer: Interplay between Multidrug Resistance and Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition? Front Oncol 2016; 6:158. [PMID: 27446804 PMCID: PMC4916178 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2016.00158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The expression of unusual glycan structures is a hallmark of cancer progression, and their functional roles in cancer biology have been extensively investigated in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) models. EMT is a physiological process involved in embryonic development and wound healing. It is characterized by loss of epithelial cell polarity and cell adhesion, permitting cell migration, and thus formation of new epithelia. However, this process is unwanted when occurring outside their physiological limit, resulting in fibrosis of organs and progression of cancer and metastasis. Several studies observed that EMT is related to the acquisition of multidrug resistance (MDR) phenotype, a condition in which cancer cells acquire resistance to multiple different drugs, which has virtually nothing in common. However, although some studies suggested interplay between these two apparently distinct phenomena, almost nothing is known about this possible relationship. A common pathway to them is the need for glycosylation, a post-translational modification that can alter biological function. Thus, this review intends to compile the main facts obtained until now in these two areas, as an effort to unravel the relationship between EMT and MDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Marques da Fonseca
- Laboratório de Glicobiologia, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro , Brazil
| | - Vanessa Amil da Silva
- Laboratório de Glicobiologia, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro , Brazil
| | - Leonardo Freire-de-Lima
- Laboratório de Glicobiologia, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro , Brazil
| | - José Osvaldo Previato
- Laboratório de Glicobiologia, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro , Brazil
| | - Lucia Mendonça-Previato
- Laboratório de Glicobiologia, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro , Brazil
| | - Márcia Alves Marques Capella
- Laboratório de Glicobiologia, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Laboratório de P&D em Práticas Integrativas e Complementares, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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32
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Li X, Wang X, Tan Z, Chen S, Guan F. Role of Glycans in Cancer Cells Undergoing Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition. Front Oncol 2016; 6:33. [PMID: 26925388 PMCID: PMC4756103 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2016.00033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The term “cancer” refers to a group of diseases involving abnormal cell growth with the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body. Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), a process whereby epithelial cells lose their cell polarity and cell–cell adhesion ability, and acquire migratory and invasive properties to gain mesenchymal phenotype, is an important step leading to tumor metastasis. Glycans, such as N-glycans, O-glycans, and glycosphingolipids, are involved in numerous biological processes, including inflammation, virus/bacteria–host interactions, cell–cell interactions, morphogenesis, and cancer development and progression. Aberrant expression of glycans has been observed in several EMT models, and the functional roles of such glycans in cancer development and progression has been investigated. We summarize here recent research progress regarding the functions of glycans in cancer cells undergoing EMT. Better understanding of the mechanisms underlying aberrant glycan patterns in EMT and cancer will facilitate the development of such glycans as cancer biomarkers or as targets in design and synthesis of anti-tumor drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Wuxi Medical School, Jiangnan University , Wuxi , China
| | - Xin Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University , Wuxi , China
| | - Zengqi Tan
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University , Wuxi , China
| | - Si Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University , Wuxi , China
| | - Feng Guan
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University , Wuxi , China
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33
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Shan X, Tian LL, Zhang YM, Wang XQ, Yan Q, Liu JW. Ginsenoside Rg3 suppresses FUT4 expression through inhibiting NF-κB/p65 signaling pathway to promote melanoma cell death. Int J Oncol 2015; 47:701-9. [PMID: 26094873 PMCID: PMC6903900 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2015.3057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal glycosylation is catalyzed by the specific glycosyltransferases and correlates with tumor cell apoptosis. Increased fucosyltransferase IV (FUT4) is seen in many types of cancer, and manipulating FUT4 expression through specific signaling pathway inhibits cell growth and induces apoptosis. NF-κB is known playing a vital role to control cell growth and apoptosis. Ginsenoside Rg3 is an herbal medicine with strong antitumor activity through inhibiting tumor growth and promoting tumor cell death. However, whether Rg3-induced inhibition on tumor development involves reduced NF-κB signaling and FUT4 expression remains unknown. In the present study, we found that Rg3 suppressed FUT4 expression by abrogating the binding of NF-κB to FUT4 promoter through inhibiting the expression of signaling molecules of NF-κB pathway, reducing NF-κB DNA binding activity and NF-κB transcription activity. NF-κB inhibitor (Bay 11-7082) or knocking down p65 expression by p65 siRNA also led to a significant decreased FUT4 expression. In addition, Rg3 induced apoptosis by activating both extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways. Moreover, in a xenograft mouse model, Rg3 downregulated FUT4 and NF-κB/p65 expression and suppressed melanoma cell growth and induced apoptosis without any noticeable toxicity. In conclusion, Rg3 induces tumor cell apoptosis correlated with its inhibitory effect on NF-κB signaling pathway-mediated FUT4 expression. Results suggest Rg3 might be a novel therapy agent for melanoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu Shan
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Li Li Tian
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Yu Mei Zhang
- Liaoning Provincial Core Lab of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Qi Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University's Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Qiu Yan
- Liaoning Provincial Core Lab of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China
| | - Ji Wei Liu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
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34
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Hu Y, Blair JD, Yuen RKC, Robinson WP, von Dadelszen P. Genome-wide DNA methylation identifies trophoblast invasion-related genes: Claudin-4 and Fucosyltransferase IV control mobility via altering matrix metalloproteinase activity. Mol Hum Reprod 2015; 21:452-65. [PMID: 25697377 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gav007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2014] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously we showed that extravillous cytotrophoblast (EVT) outgrowth and migration on a collagen gel explant model were affected by exposure to decidual natural killer cells (dNK). This study investigates the molecular causes behind this phenomenon. Genome wide DNA methylation of exposed and unexposed EVT was assessed using the Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip array (450 K array). We identified 444 differentially methylated CpG loci in dNK-treated EVT compared with medium control (P < 0.05). The genes associated with these loci had critical biological roles in cellular development, cellular growth and proliferation, cell signaling, cellular assembly and organization by Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA). Furthermore, 23 mobility-related genes were identified by IPA from dNK-treated EVT. Among these genes, CLDN4 (encoding claudin-4) and FUT4 (encoding fucosyltransferase IV) were chosen for follow-up studies because of their biological relevance from research on tumor cells. The results showed that the mRNA and protein expressions of both CLDN4 and FUT4 in dNK-treated EVT were significantly reduced compared with control (P < 0.01 for both CLDN4 and FUT4 mRNA expression; P < 0.001 for CLDN4 and P < 0.01 for FUT4 protein expression), and were inversely correlated with DNA methylation. Knocking down CLDN4 and FUT4 by small interfering RNA reduced trophoblast invasion, possibly through the altered matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and/or MMP-9 expression and activity. Taken together, dNK alter EVT mobility at least partially in association with an alteration of DNA methylation profile. Hypermethylation of CLDN4 and FUT4 reduces protein expression. CLDN4 and FUT4 are representative genes that participate in modulating trophoblast mobility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiang Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada Child and Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - John D Blair
- Child and Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Ryan K C Yuen
- Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Wendy P Robinson
- Child and Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Peter von Dadelszen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada Child and Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Yan X, Lin Y, Liu S, Aziz F, Yan Q. Fucosyltransferase IV (FUT4) as an effective biomarker for the diagnosis of breast cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2015; 70:299-304. [PMID: 25776515 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2014.12.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 12/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Specific enzymes are involved in altered glycosylation of cancer. Fucosyltransferase IV (FUT4) is associated with the proliferation and metastasis of breast cancer. The application of FUT4 assay in the serum has not been reported yet. Here, the expression level of FUT4 in the breast cancer patient's tissues (n=60) was analyzed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and the secreted FUT4 in blood serum samples (n=225) was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Using low metastatic MCF-7 and high metastatic MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines, FUT4 expression was also detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), Western blot and immunofluorescent staining. The conventional cancer biomarkers cancer antigen (CA15.3) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was analyzed by Elecsys-electrochemical immune assay (ECLIA) to compare specificity and sensitivity with that of FUT4. We have observed a significant high expression of FUT4 in breast cancer tissues and serums as compared to the normal tissues (P<0.01) and control serums (P<0.05). FUT4 expression was increased in MDA-MB-231 cells vs. that in MCF-7 cells. Furthermore, the results of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was shown, area under curve of FUT4 (AUC=0.784) was higher than that of CA15.3 (AUC=0.468) and CEA (AUC=0.563). The relation analysis is indicated FUT4 is significantly correlated with CA15.3 (r=0.234, P<0.05) and there is no significant correlation with CEA. In conclusion, this study suggests that FUT4 can serve as novel biomarker in the diagnosis and prognosis of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomei Yan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Core Lab of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering, Dalian, 116044 Liaoning, China; College of Laboratory Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044 Liaoning, China
| | - Yingwei Lin
- The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023 Liaoning, China
| | - Shuai Liu
- College of Laboratory Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044 Liaoning, China
| | - Faisal Aziz
- College of Laboratory Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044 Liaoning, China
| | - Qiu Yan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Core Lab of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering, Dalian, 116044 Liaoning, China.
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Guo H, Abbott KL. Functional impact of tumor-specific N-linked glycan changes in breast and ovarian cancers. Adv Cancer Res 2015; 126:281-303. [PMID: 25727151 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2014.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Changes in glycosylation have been implicated in various human diseases, including cancer. Research over the past few decades has produced significant findings that illustrate the importance of cancer-specific alterations in glycosylation in the regulation of tumor formation and metastasis. The identification of glycan-based biomarkers and strategies targeting specific glycan epitopes on the tumor cell surface has become one of the widely pursued research areas. In this chapter, we will summarize and provide perspective on available knowledge about the functional roles that glycan structures play in the development and progression of the gynecological cancers, breast and ovarian, with a specific focus on N-linked glycans. A better understanding of the functional roles for glycans in cancer will drive future innovations for diagnostics and therapeutics.
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LIF upregulates poFUT1 expression and promotes trophoblast cell migration and invasion at the fetal-maternal interface. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e1396. [PMID: 25165882 PMCID: PMC4454310 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2014] [Revised: 07/02/2014] [Accepted: 07/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Trophoblast cell migration and invasion are crucial for the establishment of a successful pregnancy. Protein O-fucosyltransferases, such as poFUT1 and poFUT2, catalyze the O-fucosylation of proteins and have important roles in embryonic development. Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) is a critical cytokine in the regulation of embryonic development and implantation. However, the exact roles of poFUTs in embryo migration and invasion and the effects of LIF on the expression of poFUTs have not been studied in detail. In the current study, we showed that poFUT1 and LIF were highly expressed in human trophoblast cells and in the serum of women during the first trimester of a normal pregnancy. However, in patients with threatened abortion, poFUT1 and LIF levels were found to be reduced. There were no significant differences in the expression levels of poFUT2 between the two groups. The migration and invasion potential of trophoblasts in an explant culture and in an in vitro implantation model was decreased or increased upon altering poFUT1 expression levels by siRNA or cDNA transfection. Our results also revealed that LIF upregulated the expression of poFUT1. The upregulation of poFUT1 by LIF promoted trophoblast cell migration and invasion at the fetal–maternal interface by activating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Taken together, these study findings suggest that poFUT1 may be used as a marker of embryo implantation.
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Davis FM, Stewart TA, Thompson EW, Monteith GR. Targeting EMT in cancer: opportunities for pharmacological intervention. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2014; 35:479-88. [PMID: 25042456 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2014.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 240] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2014] [Revised: 06/21/2014] [Accepted: 06/23/2014] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
The spread of cancer cells to distant organs represents a major clinical challenge in the treatment of cancer. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has emerged as a key regulator of metastasis in some cancers by conferring an invasive phenotype. As well as facilitating metastasis, EMT is thought to generate cancer stem cells and contribute to therapy resistance. Therefore, the EMT pathway is of great therapeutic interest in the treatment of cancer and could be targeted either to prevent tumor dissemination in patients at high risk of developing metastatic lesions or to eradicate existing metastatic cancer cells in patients with more advanced disease. In this review, we discuss approaches for the design of EMT-based therapies in cancer, summarize evidence for some of the proposed EMT targets, and review the potential advantages and pitfalls of each approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felicity M Davis
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Teneale A Stewart
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Erik W Thompson
- St. Vincent's Institute, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia; University of Melbourne Department of Surgery, St Vincent's Hospital, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia; Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland Institute of Technology, Kelvin Grove, QLD, Australia
| | - Gregory R Monteith
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
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Yun JA, Kim SH, Hong HK, Yun SH, Kim HC, Chun HK, Cho YB, Lee WY. Loss of E-Cadherin expression is associated with a poor prognosis in stage III colorectal cancer. Oncology 2014; 86:318-28. [PMID: 24924873 DOI: 10.1159/000360794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2013] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is known to be associated with tumor progression, invasion and metastasis in colorectal cancer (CRC). MATERIALS AND METHODS Tissue samples obtained from 409 patients with stage III CRC treated from 2006 to 2007 were examined by immunohistochemistry to reveal the expression levels of E-cadherin, fibronectin, vimentin and α-smooth muscle actin (SMA). RESULTS Among the 409 patients, 402 cases (98.3%) showed positive E-cadherin expression. Positive E-cadherin expression was associated with well or moderately differentiated cell types and a stable microsatellite status. In multivariate analysis, a preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen level >5 ng/ml (p = 0.021), advanced N stage (p = 0.017), positive vascular invasion (p = 0.048), positive perineural invasion (p = 0.002) and negative E-cadherin expression (p = 0.002, relative risk = 5.098, 95% CI = 1.801-14.430) were poor prognostic factors affecting disease-free survival. The declining E-cadherin expression was associated with a poor outcome in terms of overall survival in univariate (p = 0.016) but not in multivariate analyses (p = 0.303, relative risk = 1.984, 95% CI = 0.539-7.296). Fibronectin, vimentin and α-SMA were of no prognostic value in this study. CONCLUSION The expression pattern of EMT markers in stage III CRC suggests that declining E-cadherin expression is a possible immunohistochemical predictor of patient prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-A Yun
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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