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Gu C, Sun Y, Mao M, Liu J, Li X, Zhang X. Mechanism of simulated lunar dust-induced lung injury in rats based on transcriptomics. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2024; 13:tfad108. [PMID: 38179001 PMCID: PMC10762671 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfad108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Lunar dust particles are an environmental threat to lunar astronauts, and inhalation of lunar dust can cause lung damage. The current study explored the mechanism of lunar dust simulant (CLDS-i) inducing inflammatory pulmonary injury. Wistar rats were exposed to CLDS-i for 4 h/d and 7d/week for 4 weeks. Pathological results showed that a large number of inflammatory cells gathered and infiltrated in the lung tissues of the simulated lunar dust group, and the alveolar structures were destroyed. Transcriptome analysis confirmed that CLDS-i was mainly involved in the regulation of activation and differentiation of immune inflammatory cells, activated signaling pathways related to inflammatory diseases, and promoted the occurrence and development of inflammatory injury in the lung. Combined with metabolomics analysis, the results of joint analysis of omics were found that the genes Kmo, Kynu, Nos3, Arg1 and Adh7 were involved in the regulation of amino acid metabolism in rat lung tissues, and these genes might be the key targets for the treatment of amino acid metabolic diseases. In addition, the imbalance of amino acid metabolism might be related to the activation of nuclear factor kappaB (NF-κB) signaling pathway. The results of quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot further confirmed that CLDS-i may promote the occurrence and development of lung inflammation and lead to abnormal amino acid metabolism by activating the B cell activation factor (BAFF)/ B cell activation factor receptor (BAFFR)-mediated NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Gu
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenyang Medical College, Huanghe North Street 146, Shenyang 110034, China
| | - Yan Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Medical College, Huanghe North Street 146, Shenyang 110034, China
| | - Meiqi Mao
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenyang Medical College, Huanghe North Street 146, Shenyang 110034, China
| | - Jinguo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics, Shenyang Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanta Street 114, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xiongyao Li
- Center for Lunar and Planetary Sciences, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lincheng West Road 99, Guiyang 550081, China
| | - Xiaoping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Lunar and Planetary Sciences, Macau University of Science and Technology, Weilong Road, Taipa, Macau 999078, China
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Jung SY, Riew TR, Yun HH, Lim JH, Hwang JW, Jung SW, Kim HL, Lee JS, Lee MY, Lee JH. Skeletal Muscle-Specific Bis Depletion Leads to Muscle Dysfunction and Early Death Accompanied by Impairment in Protein Quality Control. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119635. [PMID: 37298584 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Bcl-2-interacting cell death suppressor (BIS), also called BAG3, plays a role in physiological functions such as anti-apoptosis, cell proliferation, autophagy, and senescence. Whole-body Bis-knockout (KO) mice exhibit early lethality accompanied by abnormalities in cardiac and skeletal muscles, suggesting the critical role of BIS in these muscles. In this study, we generated skeletal muscle-specific Bis-knockout (Bis-SMKO) mice for the first time. Bis-SMKO mice exhibit growth retardation, kyphosis, a lack of peripheral fat, and respiratory failure, ultimately leading to early death. Regenerating fibers and increased intensity in cleaved PARP1 immunostaining were observed in the diaphragm of Bis-SMKO mice, indicating considerable muscle degeneration. Through electron microscopy analysis, we observed myofibrillar disruption, degenerated mitochondria, and autophagic vacuoles in the Bis-SMKO diaphragm. Specifically, autophagy was impaired, and heat shock proteins (HSPs), such as HSPB5 and HSP70, and z-disk proteins, including filamin C and desmin, accumulated in Bis-SMKO skeletal muscles. We also found metabolic impairments, including decreased ATP levels and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase (CK) activities in the diaphragm of Bis-SMKO mice. Our findings highlight that BIS is critical for protein homeostasis and energy metabolism in skeletal muscles, suggesting that Bis-SMKO mice could be used as a therapeutic strategy for myopathies and to elucidate the molecular function of BIS in skeletal muscle physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soon-Young Jung
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
- Institute for Aging and Metabolic Diseases, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Ryong Riew
- Department of Anatomy, Catholic Neuroscience Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Hyeon Yun
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
- Institute for Aging and Metabolic Diseases, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hee Lim
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Won Hwang
- Department of Anatomy, Catholic Neuroscience Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Won Jung
- Department of Anatomy, Catholic Neuroscience Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Lim Kim
- Integrative Research Support Center, Laboratory of Electron Microscope, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Seon Lee
- Research Center for Controlling Intercellular Communication (RCIC), College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
- Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Mun-Yong Lee
- Department of Anatomy, Catholic Neuroscience Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Hwa Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
- Institute for Aging and Metabolic Diseases, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
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Hannon G, Tansi FL, Hilger I, Prina‐Mello A. The Effects of Localized Heat on the Hallmarks of Cancer. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202000267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gary Hannon
- Nanomedicine and Molecular Imaging Group Trinity Translational Medicine Institute Dublin 8 Ireland
- Laboratory of Biological Characterization of Advanced Materials (LBCAM), Trinity Translational Medicine Institute Trinity College Dublin Dublin 8 Ireland
| | - Felista L. Tansi
- Department of Experimental Radiology, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Jena University Hospital—Friedrich Schiller University Jena Am Klinikum 1 07740 Jena Germany
| | - Ingrid Hilger
- Department of Experimental Radiology, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Jena University Hospital—Friedrich Schiller University Jena Am Klinikum 1 07740 Jena Germany
| | - Adriele Prina‐Mello
- Nanomedicine and Molecular Imaging Group Trinity Translational Medicine Institute Dublin 8 Ireland
- Laboratory of Biological Characterization of Advanced Materials (LBCAM), Trinity Translational Medicine Institute Trinity College Dublin Dublin 8 Ireland
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER) Centre, CRANN Institute Trinity College Dublin Dublin 2 Ireland
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4
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Xia Q, Huang X, Huang J, Zheng Y, March ME, Li J, Wei Y. The Role of Autophagy in Skeletal Muscle Diseases. Front Physiol 2021; 12:638983. [PMID: 33841177 PMCID: PMC8027491 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.638983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is the most abundant type of tissue in human body, being involved in diverse activities and maintaining a finely tuned metabolic balance. Autophagy, characterized by the autophagosome–lysosome system with the involvement of evolutionarily conserved autophagy-related genes, is an important catabolic process and plays an essential role in energy generation and consumption, as well as substance turnover processes in skeletal muscles. Autophagy in skeletal muscles is finely tuned under the tight regulation of diverse signaling pathways, and the autophagy pathway has cross-talk with other pathways to form feedback loops under physiological conditions and metabolic stress. Altered autophagy activity characterized by either increased formation of autophagosomes or inhibition of lysosome-autophagosome fusion can lead to pathological cascades, and mutations in autophagy genes and deregulation of autophagy pathways have been identified as one of the major causes for a variety of skeleton muscle disorders. The advancement of multi-omics techniques enables further understanding of the molecular and biochemical mechanisms underlying the role of autophagy in skeletal muscle disorders, which may yield novel therapeutic targets for these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianghua Xia
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xubo Huang
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jieru Huang
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongfeng Zheng
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Michael E March
- Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Jin Li
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongjie Wei
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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BAG3 Proteomic Signature under Proteostasis Stress. Cells 2020; 9:cells9112416. [PMID: 33158300 PMCID: PMC7694386 DOI: 10.3390/cells9112416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The multifunctional HSP70 co-chaperone BAG3 (BCL-2-associated athanogene 3) represents a key player in the quality control of the cellular proteostasis network. In response to stress, BAG3 specifically targets aggregation-prone proteins to the perinuclear aggresome and promotes their degradation via BAG3-mediated selective macroautophagy. To adapt cellular homeostasis to stress, BAG3 modulates and functions in various cellular processes and signaling pathways. Noteworthy, dysfunction and deregulation of BAG3 and its pathway are pathophysiologically linked to myopathies, cancer, and neurodegenerative disorders. Here, we report a BAG3 proteomic signature under proteostasis stress. To elucidate the dynamic and multifunctional action of BAG3 in response to stress, we established BAG3 interactomes under basal and proteostasis stress conditions by employing affinity purification combined with quantitative mass spectrometry. In addition to the identification of novel potential BAG3 interactors, we defined proteins whose interaction with BAG3 was altered upon stress. By functional annotation and protein-protein interaction enrichment analysis of the identified potential BAG3 interactors, we confirmed the multifunctionality of BAG3 and highlighted its crucial role in diverse cellular signaling pathways and processes, ensuring cellular proteostasis and cell viability. These include protein folding and degradation, gene expression, cytoskeleton dynamics (including cell cycle and transport), as well as granulostasis, in particular.
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Ahmed K, Zaidi SF, Rehman R, Kondo T. Hyperthermia and protein homeostasis: Cytoprotection and cell death. J Therm Biol 2020; 91:102615. [PMID: 32716865 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2020.102615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Protein homeostasis or proteostasis, the correct balance between production and degradation of proteins, is an essential pillar for proper cellular function. Among the several cellular mechanisms that disrupt homeostatic conditions in cancer cells, hyperthermia (HT) has shown promising anti-tumor effects. However, cancer cells are also capable of thermoresistance. Indeed, HT-induced protein denaturation and aggregation results in the up regulation of heat shock proteins, a group of molecular chaperones with cytoprotective and anti-apoptotic properties via stress-inducible transcription factor, heat shock factor 1(HSF1). Heat shock proteins assist in the refolding of misfolded proteins and aids in their elimination if they become irreversibly damaged by various stressors. Furthermore, HSF1 also initiates the unfolded protein response in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to assist in the protein folding capacity of ER and also promotes the translation of pro-survival proteins' mRNA such as activating transcription factor 4 (ATF 4). Moreover, HT associated induction of microRNAs is also involved in thermal resistance of cancer cells via up-regulation of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 proteins and down regulation of pro-apoptotic Bax and caspase 3 activities. Another cellular protection in response to stressors is Autophagy, which is regulated by the Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) protein. Kinase activity in mTOR phosphorylates HSF1 and promotes its nuclear translocation for heat shock protein synthesis. Over-expression of heat shock proteins are reported to up-regulate Beclin-1, an autophagy initiator. Moreover, HT-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation is sensitized by transcription factor NF-E2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) and activates the cellular expression of antioxidants and autophagy gene. Furthermore, ROS also potentiates autophagy via activation of Beclin-1. Inhibition of thermotolerance can potentiate HT-induced apoptosis. Here, we outlined that heat stress alters cellular proteins which activates cellular homeostatic processes to promote cell survival and make cancer cells thermotolerant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanwal Ahmed
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, 21423, Saudi Arabia; King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, 21423, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Syed Faisal Zaidi
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, 21423, Saudi Arabia; King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, 21423, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rafey Rehman
- Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester, MI, USA
| | - Takashi Kondo
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Sugitani, 2630, Toyama, Japan
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7
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Basile A, De Marco M, Festa M, Falco A, Iorio V, Guerriero L, Eletto D, Rea D, Arra C, Lamolinara A, Ballerini P, Damiani V, Rosati A, Sala G, Turco MC, Marzullo L, De Laurenzi V. Development of an anti-BAG3 humanized antibody for treatment of pancreatic cancer. Mol Oncol 2019; 13:1388-1399. [PMID: 30973679 PMCID: PMC6547619 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously shown that secreted BAG3 is a potential target for the treatment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and that pancreatic tumor growth and metastatic dissemination can be reduced by treatment with an anti-BAG3 murine antibody. Here, we used complementarity-determining region (CDR) grafting to generate a humanized version of the anti-BAG3 antibody that may be further developed for possible clinical use. We show that the humanized anti-BAG3 antibody, named BAG3-H2L4, abrogates BAG3 binding to macrophages and subsequent release of IL-6. Furthermore, it specifically localizes into tumor tissues and significantly inhibits the growth of Mia PaCa-2 pancreatic cancer cell xenografts. We propose BAG3-H2L4 antibody as a potential clinical candidate for BAG3-targeted therapy in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Basile
- BIOUNIVERSA s.r.l.R&D DivisionUniversity of SalernoBaronissiItaly
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and DentistryUniversity of SalernoBaronissiItaly
| | - Margot De Marco
- BIOUNIVERSA s.r.l.R&D DivisionUniversity of SalernoBaronissiItaly
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and DentistryUniversity of SalernoBaronissiItaly
| | - Michelina Festa
- BIOUNIVERSA s.r.l.R&D DivisionUniversity of SalernoBaronissiItaly
- Department of PharmacyUniversity of SalernoFiscianoItaly
| | - Antonia Falco
- BIOUNIVERSA s.r.l.R&D DivisionUniversity of SalernoBaronissiItaly
- Department of PharmacyUniversity of SalernoFiscianoItaly
| | - Vittoria Iorio
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and DentistryUniversity of SalernoBaronissiItaly
| | - Luana Guerriero
- BIOUNIVERSA s.r.l.R&D DivisionUniversity of SalernoBaronissiItaly
| | - Daniela Eletto
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and DentistryUniversity of SalernoBaronissiItaly
| | - Domenica Rea
- S.S.D. Sperimentazione AnimaleIstituto Nazionale Tumori “IRCCS” Fondazione G. PascaleNaplesItaly
| | - Claudio Arra
- S.S.D. Sperimentazione AnimaleIstituto Nazionale Tumori “IRCCS” Fondazione G. PascaleNaplesItaly
| | - Alessia Lamolinara
- Dipartimento di Scienze MedicheOrali e BiotecnologicheCentro Studi sull'InvecchiamentoCeSI‐MeTUniversity ‘G. d'Annunzio’ di Chieti‐PescaraItaly
| | - Patrizia Ballerini
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences and Center for Research on Aging and Translational Medicine (CeSI‐MeT)‘G. d'Annunzio’ University of ChietiItaly
| | - Verena Damiani
- Dipartimento di Scienze MedicheOrali e BiotecnologicheCentro Studi sull'InvecchiamentoCeSI‐MeTUniversity ‘G. d'Annunzio’ di Chieti‐PescaraItaly
| | - Alessandra Rosati
- BIOUNIVERSA s.r.l.R&D DivisionUniversity of SalernoBaronissiItaly
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and DentistryUniversity of SalernoBaronissiItaly
| | - Gianluca Sala
- Dipartimento di Scienze MedicheOrali e BiotecnologicheCentro Studi sull'InvecchiamentoCeSI‐MeTUniversity ‘G. d'Annunzio’ di Chieti‐PescaraItaly
| | - Maria Caterina Turco
- BIOUNIVERSA s.r.l.R&D DivisionUniversity of SalernoBaronissiItaly
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and DentistryUniversity of SalernoBaronissiItaly
| | - Liberato Marzullo
- BIOUNIVERSA s.r.l.R&D DivisionUniversity of SalernoBaronissiItaly
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and DentistryUniversity of SalernoBaronissiItaly
| | - Vincenzo De Laurenzi
- BIOUNIVERSA s.r.l.R&D DivisionUniversity of SalernoBaronissiItaly
- Dipartimento di Scienze MedicheOrali e BiotecnologicheCentro Studi sull'InvecchiamentoCeSI‐MeTUniversity ‘G. d'Annunzio’ di Chieti‐PescaraItaly
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Yuan T, Zhang F, Zhou X, Li Y, Zhang Y, Xu Y, Wang X. Inhibition of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway sensitizes diffuse large B-cell lymphoma cells to treatment with proteasome inhibitors via suppression of BAG3. Oncol Lett 2019; 17:3719-3726. [PMID: 30881494 PMCID: PMC6403502 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteasome inhibitors represent a novel class of drugs that have clinical efficacy against hematological and solid cancer types, including acute myeloid leukaemia, myelodysplastic syndrome an non-small cell lung cancer. It has been demonstrated that the anti-apoptotic protein B-cell lymphoma-2-associated athanogene 3 (BAG3) is induced by proteasome inhibitors in various cancer cells and serves an important role in chemotherapy resistance. The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/RAC-α serine/threonine-protein kinase (AKT) pathway is constitutively activated in a number of lymphoid malignancy types, including diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and Burkitt lymphoma. In the present study, the aim was to elucidate the role of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in the induction of BAG3, following exposure to a proteasome inhibitor in DLBCL cell lines. Bortezomib and MG132 were used as proteasome inhibitors. Western blotting was used to evaluate the roles of proteasome inhibitors and the PI3K/AKT pathway in BAG3 induction in DLBCL cells (LY1 and LY8), and LY294002 was used to block the PI3K/AKT pathway. Cell viability was detected using a Cell Counting Kit-8 assay. Apoptosis of LY1 and LY8 cells was quantified by Annexin V/7-amino-actinomycin D flow cytometry. The BAG3 protein was markedly induced upon exposure to bortezomib and MG132 in a dose-dependent manner. The PI3K/AKT inhibitor LY294002 significantly suppressed the induction of BAG3 by proteasome inhibitors. Inhibition of the PI3K/AKT pathway decreased the proliferation and increased the apoptosis induced by proteasome inhibitors. The present results indicated that the PI3K/AKT pathway is associated with the activation of BAG3 expression in DLBCL cells, and is involved in the protective response against proteasome inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Yuan
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Xiangxiang Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Ya Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Yangyang Xu
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China.,Institute of Diagnostics, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
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Yu S, Chen Y, Chen S, Ye N, Li Y, Sun Y. Regulation of angiotensin II-induced B-cell lymphoma-2-associated athanogene 3 expression in vascular smooth muscle cells. Mol Med Rep 2018; 17:6156-6162. [PMID: 29484407 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that angiotensin II (Ang II) is involved in the process of atherosclerosis and vascular restenosis through its proinflammatory effect. Bcl‑2‑associated athanogene 3 (BAG3) had been suggested to be associated with proliferation, migration and invasion in many types of tumor. However, the role of BAG3 among the proliferative process of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) induced by Ang II, to the best of our knowledge, remains to be investigated. The present study demonstrated that in growth‑arrested VSMCs, Ang II‑induced VSMC proliferation, accompanied by increased BAG3 mRNA and protein expression levels in a dose‑ and time‑dependent manner. BAG3 expression levels were measured in VSMCs treated in the presence or absence of Ang II. The proliferation of VSMCs was assessed using manual cell counting and Cell Counting kit‑8 assays. mRNA and protein expression levels of BAG3, Toll‑like receptor 4 (TLR4), proliferating cell nuclear antigen, nuclear factor (NF)‑κB p65, smooth muscle protein 22α and phosphorylated NF‑κB p65 were assessed by reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting, respectively. In non‑transfected or scramble short hairpin RNA (shRNA)‑transfected VSMCs cells, Ang II significantly induced VSMC proliferation. However, this Ang II‑induce proliferation was attenuated when BAG3 was silenced, suggesting that inhibition of BAG3 may somehow reduce proliferation in Ang II‑induced VSMCs. Furthermore, the TLR4/NF‑κB p65 signaling pathway was involved in BAG3 gene upregulation. In conclusion, to the best of our knowledge, the present study demonstrated for the first time that inhibition of BAG3 attenuates cell proliferation. Furthermore, Ang II induced VSMCs proliferation through regulation of BAG3 expression via the TLR4/NF‑κB p65 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Yu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Yintao Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Shuang Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Ning Ye
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Yingxian Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
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Stürner E, Behl C. The Role of the Multifunctional BAG3 Protein in Cellular Protein Quality Control and in Disease. Front Mol Neurosci 2017; 10:177. [PMID: 28680391 PMCID: PMC5478690 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In neurons, but also in all other cells the complex proteostasis network is monitored and tightly regulated by the cellular protein quality control (PQC) system. Beyond folding of newly synthesized polypeptides and their refolding upon misfolding the PQC also manages the disposal of aberrant proteins either by the ubiquitin-proteasome machinery or by the autophagic-lysosomal system. Aggregated proteins are primarily degraded by a process termed selective macroautophagy (or aggrephagy). One such recently discovered selective macroautophagy pathway is mediated by the multifunctional HSP70 co-chaperone BAG3 (BCL-2-associated athanogene 3). Under acute stress and during cellular aging, BAG3 in concert with the molecular chaperones HSP70 and HSPB8 as well as the ubiquitin receptor p62/SQSTM1 specifically targets aggregation-prone proteins to autophagic degradation. Thereby, BAG3-mediated selective macroautophagy represents a pivotal adaptive safeguarding and emergency system of the PQC which is activated under pathophysiological conditions to ensure cellular proteostasis. Interestingly, BAG3-mediated selective macroautophagy is also involved in the clearance of aggregated proteins associated with age-related neurodegenerative disorders, like Alzheimer’s disease (tau-protein), Huntington’s disease (mutated huntingtin/polyQ proteins), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (mutated SOD1). In addition, based on its initial description BAG3 is an anti-apoptotic protein that plays a decisive role in other widespread diseases, including cancer and myopathies. Therefore, in the search for novel therapeutic intervention avenues in neurodegeneration, myopathies and cancer BAG3 is a promising candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Stürner
- Institute of Pathobiochemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University MainzMainz, Germany
| | - Christian Behl
- Institute of Pathobiochemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University MainzMainz, Germany
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Abstract
Autophagy and the ubiquitin-proteasome system are the two major quality control pathways responsible for cellular homeostasis. As such, they provide protection against age-associated changes and a plethora of human diseases. Ubiquitination is utilized as a degradation signal by both systems, albeit in different ways, to mark cargoes for proteasomal and lysosomal degradation. Both systems intersect and communicate at multiple points to coordinate their actions in proteostasis and organelle homeostasis. This review summarizes molecular details of how proteasome and autophagy pathways are functionally interconnected in cells and indicates common principles and nodes of communication that can be therapeutically exploited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Dikic
- Institute of Biochemistry II, School of Medicine, Goethe University, 60598 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; .,Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe University, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Klimek C, Kathage B, Wördehoff J, Höhfeld J. BAG3-mediated proteostasis at a glance. J Cell Sci 2017; 130:2781-2788. [DOI: 10.1242/jcs.203679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Cellular and organismal survival depend on the ability to maintain the proteome, even under conditions that threaten protein integrity. BCL2-associated athanogene 3 (BAG3) is essential for protein homeostasis (proteostasis) in stressed cells. Owing to its multi-domain structure, it engages in diverse processes that are crucial for proteome maintenance. BAG3 promotes the activity of molecular chaperones, sequesters and concentrates misfolded proteins, initiates autophagic disposal, and balances transcription, translation and degradation. In this Cell Science at a Glance article and the accompanying poster, we discuss the functions of this multi-functional proteostasis tool with a focus on mechanical stress protection and describe the importance of BAG3 for human physiology and pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Klimek
- Institute for Cell Biology, University of Bonn, Ulrich-Haberland-Str. 61a, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Barbara Kathage
- Institute for Cell Biology, University of Bonn, Ulrich-Haberland-Str. 61a, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Judith Wördehoff
- Institute for Cell Biology, University of Bonn, Ulrich-Haberland-Str. 61a, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Jörg Höhfeld
- Institute for Cell Biology, University of Bonn, Ulrich-Haberland-Str. 61a, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
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Behl C. Breaking BAG: The Co-Chaperone BAG3 in Health and Disease. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2016; 37:672-688. [PMID: 27162137 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2016.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Revised: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Human BAG (Bcl-2-associated athanogene) proteins form a family of antiapoptotic proteins that currently consists of six members (BAG1-6) all sharing the BAG protein domain from which the name arises. Via this domain, BAG proteins bind to the heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70), thereby acting as a co-chaperone regulating the activity of Hsp70. In addition to their antiapoptotic activity, all human BAG proteins have distinct functions in health and disease, and BAG3 in particular is the focus of many investigations. BAG3 has a modular protein domain composition offering the possibility for manifold interactions with other proteins. Various BAG3 functions are implicated in disorders including cancer, myopathies, and neurodegeneration. The discovery of its role in selective autophagy and the description of BAG3-mediated selective macroautophagy as an adaptive mechanism to maintain cellular homeostasis, under stress as well as during aging, make BAG3 a highly interesting target for future pharmacological interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Behl
- Institute of Pathobiochemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
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Gui S, Chen X, Zhang M, Zhao F, Wan Y, Wang L, Xu G, Zhou L, Yue X, Zhu Y, Liu S. Mir-302c mediates influenza A virus-induced IFNβ expression by targeting NF-κB inducing kinase. FEBS Lett 2015; 589:4112-8. [PMID: 26602079 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2015.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2015] [Revised: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about the role of microRNA during influenza A virus (IAV) infection. We observed that NIK 3'UTR luciferase activity was elevated during IAV infection. Further studies demonstrated that miR-302c reduced NIK expression, resulting in the reduction of IFNβ mRNA expression. We found that miR-302c prevented the translocation of NF-κB from the cytosol to the nucleus. Furthermore, IAV infection downregulated miR-302c expression, leading to the activation of IFNβ expression and the inhibition of viral replication. Compared to miR-302c, miR-520e cannot promote viral replication and production, although the two microRNAs target the same site of the NIK 3'UTR. Collectively, our work defines a novel signaling pathway implicated in the control of IFNβ mRNA expression during IAV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shulin Gui
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Xueyuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Mo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Fanpeng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Yushun Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Gang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Li Zhou
- Animal Biosafety Level III Laboratory at the Center for Animal Experiment, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Xin Yue
- Clinical Research Center, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Wuhan 430016, China.
| | - Ying Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Shi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
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Estrogen receptor α regulates non-canonical autophagy that provides stress resistance to neuroblastoma and breast cancer cells and involves BAG3 function. Cell Death Dis 2015; 6:e1812. [PMID: 26158518 PMCID: PMC4650728 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2015.181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Revised: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease and approximately 70% of newly diagnosed breast cancers are estrogen receptor (ER) positive. Out of the two ER types, α and β, ERα is the only ER that is detectable by immunohistochemistry in breast cancer biopsies and is the predominant subtype expressed in breast tumor tissue. ER-positive tumors are currently treated with anti-hormone therapy to inhibit ER signaling. It is well known that breast cancer cells can develop endocrine resistance and resistance to anti-hormone therapy and this can be facilitated via the autophagy pathway, but so far the description of a detailed autophagy expression profile of ER-positive cancer cells is missing. In the present study, we characterized tumor cell lines ectopically expressing ERα or ERβ as well as the breast cancer-derived MCF-7 cell line endogenously expressing ERα but being ERβ negative. We could show that ERα-expressing cells have a higher autophagic activity than cells expressing ERβ and cells lacking ER expression. Additionally, for autophagy-related gene expression we describe an ERα-specific ‘autophagy-footprint' that is fundamentally different to tumor cells expressing ERβ or lacking ER expression. This newly described ERα-mediated and estrogen response element (ERE)-independent non-canonical autophagy pathway, which involves the function of the co-chaperone Bcl2-associated athanogene 3 (BAG3), is independent of classical mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K) signaling networks and provides stress resistance in our model systems. Altogether, our study uncovers a novel non-canonical autophagy pathway that might be an interesting target for personalized medicine and treatment of ERα-positive breast cancer cells that do not respond to anti-hormone therapy and classical autophagy inhibitors.
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