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Zheng H, Wu X, Guo L, Liu J. MyD88 signaling pathways: role in breast cancer. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1336696. [PMID: 38347830 PMCID: PMC10859757 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1336696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
MyD88 plays a central role in breast cancer, exerting a multitude of effects that carry substantial implications. Elevated MyD88 expression is closely associated with aggressive tumor characteristics, suggesting its potential as a valuable prognostic marker and therapeutic target. MyD88 exerts influence over several critical aspects of breast cancer, including metastasis, recurrence, drug resistance, and the regulation of cancer stem cell properties. Furthermore, MyD88 modulates the release of inflammatory and chemotactic factors, thereby shaping the tumor's immune microenvironment. Its role in immune response modulation underscores its potential in influencing the dynamic interplay between tumors and the immune system. MyD88 primarily exerts intricate effects on tumor progression through pathways such as Phosphoinositide 3-kinases/Protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt), Toll-like Receptor/Nuclear Factor Kappa B (TLR/NF-κB), and others. Nevertheless, in-depth research is essential to unveil the precise mechanisms underlying the diverse roles of MyD88 in breast cancer. The translation of these findings into clinical applications holds great promise for advancing precision medicine approaches for breast cancer patients, ultimately enhancing prognosis and enabling the development of more effective therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Zheng
- Department of Breast Surgery, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Breast Cancer, Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Breast Cancer, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xinhong Wu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Breast Cancer, Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Breast Cancer, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Liantao Guo
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianhua Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Breast Cancer, Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Breast Cancer, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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2
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Shukla A, Jain A. Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Hepatic Vein and Inferior Vena Cava Invasion. J Clin Exp Hepatol 2023; 13:813-819. [PMID: 37693266 PMCID: PMC10482991 DOI: 10.1016/j.jceh.2023.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) invades intrahepatic vessels causing tumor thrombosis. Infrequently, there is involvement of the hepatic vein (HV) and inferior vena cava (IVC). In this review, we summarize the epidemiology, classification, clinical features, and management of HCC with HV and IVC invasion. While the involvement of HV and IVC usually portends an overall poor survival, selected patients may be candidates for aggressive treatment and thus improving outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akash Shukla
- Department of Gastroenterology, G.S.Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, India
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3
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Association of alpha-fetoprotein and metastasis for small hepatocellular carcinoma: A propensity-matched analysis. Sci Rep 2022; 12:15676. [PMID: 36127436 PMCID: PMC9489872 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19531-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is crucial for the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Distinguishing the potential risk factors for distant metastasis in small HCC (diameter ≤ 5 cm) is of great significance for improving the prognosis. HCC patients in the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) registry with tumors ≤ 5 cm in diameter between January 2010 and December 2015 were retrieved. Demographic and clinicopathological metrics were extracted, including age, sex, race, marital status, tumor size, histological grade, T stage, N stage, M stage, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), and liver fibrosis score. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify independent risk factors correlated with extrahepatic metastasis in small HCC. Propensity score matching (PSM) analysis was performed to balance the confounding factors in baseline characteristics. A total of 4176 eligible patients were divided into a non-metastasis group (n = 4033) and a metastasis group (n = 143) based on metastasis status. In multivariate analysis, larger tumor size, poor histological differentiation, regional lymph node metastasis, and elevated serum AFP levels were identified as independent risk factors for distant metastasis (P < 0.05), while age, sex, race, marital status, and liver fibrosis score were not associated with extrahepatic metastasis. After propensity score analysis, the AFP level was no longer associated with metastatic risk. The present study provided no evidence for a correlation between the clinical threshold of AFP and metastasis in small hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Sun W, Byon CH, Kim DH, Choi HI, Park JS, Joo SY, Kim IJ, Jung I, Bae EH, Ma SK, Kim SW. Renoprotective Effects of Maslinic Acid on Experimental Renal Fibrosis in Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction Model via Targeting MyD88. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:708575. [PMID: 34588982 PMCID: PMC8475766 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.708575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Maslinic acid (MA), also named crategolic acid, is a pentacyclic triterpene extracted from fruits and vegetables. Although various beneficial pharmacological effects of MA have been revealed, its effect on renal fibrosis remains unclear. This study was designed to clarify whether MA could attenuate renal fibrosis and determine the putative underlying molecular mechanisms. We demonstrated that MA-treated mice with unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) developed a histological injury of low severity and exhibited downregulated expression of fibrotic markers, including α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), vimentin, and fibronectin by 38, 44 and 40%, and upregulated expression of E-cadherin by 70% as compared with untreated UUO mice. Moreover, MA treatment restored the expression levels of α-SMA, connective tissue growth factor, and vimentin to 10, 7.8 and 38% of those induced by transforming growth factor (TGF)-β in NRK49F cells. MA decreased expression of Smad2/3 phosphorylation and Smad4 in UUO kidneys and TGF-β treated NRK49F cells (p < 0.05, respectively). Notably, MA specifically interferes with MyD88, an adaptor protein, thereby mitigating Smad4 nuclear expression (p < 0.01 compared to TGF-β treated group) and ameliorating renal fibrotic changes (p < 0.01 for each fibrotic markers compared to TGF-β induced cells). In addition, in the UUO model and lipopolysaccharide-induced NRK49F cells, MA treatment decreased the expression of IL-1β, TGF-α and MCP-1, ICAM-1, associated with the suppression of NF-κB signaling. These findings suggest that MA is a potential agent that can reduce renal interstitial fibrosis, to some extent, via targeting TGF-β/Smad and MyD88 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Sun
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Chang Hyun Byon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Dong Hyun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Hoon In Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Jung Sun Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Soo Yeon Joo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - In Jin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Inae Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Eun Hui Bae
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Seong Kwon Ma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Soo Wan Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea
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5
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Liu JH, Chen C, Li ZY, Zou ZM, Gao DC, Zhang X, Kuang XW, Sun ZH, Zheng WJ, Zhou P, Sun SR. The MyD88 inhibitor TJ-M2010-2 suppresses proliferation, migration and invasion of breast cancer cells by regulating MyD88/GSK-3β and MyD88/NF-κB signalling pathways. Exp Cell Res 2020; 394:112157. [PMID: 32610185 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2020.112157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
MyD88 has been implicated in the tumourigenesis, metastasis and recurrence of breast cancer (BC). Here we utilized TJ-M2010-2 (TJ), an inhibitor of MyD88 homodimerimerization, and siMyD88 to suppress the function of MyD88 in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. BC cells were treated in vitro and xenografted into nude mice to generate a model in vivo. TJ inhibited BC cell growth by impeding proliferation rather than by promoting apoptosis in vitro. Additionally, TJ and siMyD88 significantly attenuated cell migration and invasion, inhibited EMT-like progression and reduced cytokine (IL-6, IL-8, TGF-β1 and TNF-α) secretion induced by LPS. In vivo, TJ significantly hindered tumour growth in mice. Notably, TJ also decreased the secretion of IL-6, IL-8, TGF-β1, and TNF-α and M2 macrophage infiltration in the tumour microenvironment. The expression of MyD88, TRAF6, NF-κB p65, Snail, MMP-2, MMP-9, p-GSK-3β and p-Akt was significantly downregulated by TJ in BC cells and tumour tissues. Collectively, these results suggest that a MyD88 inhibitor (TJ) may be a promising therapeutic modality for treating BC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Hua Liu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, PR China
| | - Chuang Chen
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, PR China
| | - Ze-Yang Li
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Zhi-Miao Zou
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Dong-Cheng Gao
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, PR China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, PR China
| | - Xin-Wen Kuang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, PR China
| | - Zhi-Hong Sun
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, PR China
| | - Wei-Jie Zheng
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, PR China
| | - Ping Zhou
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Sheng-Rong Sun
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, PR China.
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Liu J, Zhang X, Wang H, Zhang M, Peng Y, Li M, Xie L, Jiang F, Gong Y, Zhao Q, Zhou P. Implication of myeloid differentiation factor 88 inhibitor TJ-M2010-5 for therapeutic intervention of hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatol Res 2019; 49:1182-1194. [PMID: 31074165 DOI: 10.1111/hepr.13359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 04/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIM Myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) plays a key role in tumor proliferation and metastasis. Targeting MyD88 is a potent strategy in tumor therapy. TJ-M2010-5 is a small molecule derivative of aminothiazole and could inhibit dimer formation of MyD88. To explore the potential of TJ-M2010-5 in tumor therapy, we determined its antitumor effect and correlate mechanisms of TJ-M2010-5 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS The antitumor effect of intratumoral injection of TJ-M2010-5 to H22 tumor-bearing BALB/c mice was observed. Tumor growth was monitored. The expression of MyD88 and Ki-67 were detected by immunofluorescence. In vitro, the impacts of TJ-M2010-5 on proliferation, cell cycle, necrosis, and apoptosis of H22 cells were evaluated. The direct and indirect effects of TJ-M2010-5 on macrophages were evaluated using flow cytometry. RESULTS TJ-M2010-5 induced both G0 /G1 and G1 /S phase arrests in HCC cells. Mechanically, downstream activation of MyD88 was suppressed by TJ-M2010-5 through the extracellular regulated protein kinase-1/2/p90 ribosomal S6 kinase/glycogen synthase kinase-3β signaling pathway. In turn, cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)6/cyclin D1 and CDK2/cyclin E complexes were downregulated. More importantly, TJ-M2010-5 significantly inhibited tumor growth in mice. Additionally, the portion of antitumor M1 macrophages (F4/80+ CD11c+ ) in the tumor microenvironment were increased after TJ-M2010-5 treatment. Together, these data indicate that TJ-M2010-5 is a promising therapeutic drug for HCC. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that MyD88 is a feasible target for antitumor treatment and TJ-M2010-5 is a qualified candidate for HCC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Clinical Center and Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Health, and Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
| | - Haizhou Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Clinical Center and Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Clinical Center and Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanan Peng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Clinical Center and Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Mingqiang Li
- Department of Surgery, Taian City Central Hospital, Taian, China
| | - Lin Xie
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Health, and Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
| | - Fengchao Jiang
- Academy of Pharmacology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yiping Gong
- Department of Breast Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiu Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Clinical Center and Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Ping Zhou
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Health, and Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
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Holtorf A, Conrad A, Holzmann B, Janssen KP. Cell-type specific MyD88 signaling is required for intestinal tumor initiation and progression to malignancy. Oncoimmunology 2018; 7:e1466770. [PMID: 30221070 PMCID: PMC6136867 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2018.1466770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The signal adapter MyD88, an essential component of Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling, is important for gut-microbiome interactions. However, its contribution to cancer and its cell-type specific functions are controversially discussed. Therefore, we generated new tissue-specific mouse models and analyzed the clinical importance in human colorectal cancer. A gene-trap was inserted into the murine Myd88 gene (Myd88LSL), yielding MyD88-deficient background with Cre-mediated re-expression in myeloid (MYEL) or intestinal epithelial cells (IECs). These lines were bred with the Apc1638N model that develops invasive adenocarcinoma and analyzed at 12 months. Further, two patient collectives of colorectal cancer (n = 61, and n = 633) were analyzed for expression of Myd88 and TLRs. MyD88 expression was significantly increased in carcinomas, and increased intratumoral levels of MyD88 and TLR pathway components were associated with significantly shorter disease-free (P = .011), and overall survival (P < .0001). In accordance, fully MyD88-deficient mice showed highly significantly decreased tumor incidence, tumor numbers, increased survival, and, importantly, fully lacked malignant lesions. Thus, MyD88 is essential for tumorigenesis and especially progression to malignancy. Tissue-specific re-expression of MyD88 highly significantly increased tumor initiation by differing mechanisms. In intestinal epithelia, MyD88 enhanced epithelial turnover, whereas in myeloid cells, it led to increased production of tumor- and stemness-enhancing cytokines, significantly associated with altered expression of adaptive immune genes. However, neither re-expression of MyD88 in IECs or myeloid cells was sufficient for malignant progression to carcinoma. Thus, MyD88 crucially contributes to colorectal cancer initiation and progression with non-redundant and cell-type specific functions, constituting an attractive therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Holtorf
- Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Department of Surgery; Ismaninger Str. 22, Munich, Germany
| | - Anja Conrad
- Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Department of Surgery; Ismaninger Str. 22, Munich, Germany
| | - Bernhard Holzmann
- Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Department of Surgery; Ismaninger Str. 22, Munich, Germany
| | - Klaus-Peter Janssen
- Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Department of Surgery; Ismaninger Str. 22, Munich, Germany
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Schietroma I, Scheri GC, Pinacchio C, Statzu M, Petruzziello A, Vullo V. Hepatitis C Virus and Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Pathogenetic Mechanisms and Impact of Direct-Acting Antivirals. Open Virol J 2018; 12:16-25. [PMID: 29541275 PMCID: PMC5842384 DOI: 10.2174/1874357901812010016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Revised: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Globally, between 64 and 103 million people are chronically infected with Hepatitis C virus (HCV), with more than 4.6 million people in the United States and is associated with more than 15.000 deaths annually. Chronic infection can result in cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. EXPLANATION Epidemiological studies have indicated that persistent infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major risk for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), mainly through chronic inflammation, cell deaths, and proliferation. Despite the new direct-acting antiviral drugs (DAA's) being able to clear the HCV, HCC recurrence rate in these patients is still observed. CONCLUSION In this review we highlighted some aspects that could be involved in the onset of HCV-induced HCC such as immune system, viral factors and host genetics factors.Moreover, we focused on some of the last reports about the effects of DAA's on the HCV clearance and their potential implications in HCC recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Schietroma
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Corano Scheri
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Pinacchio
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Maura Statzu
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Laboratory of Virology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Arnolfo Petruzziello
- Virology and Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, IRCCS Fondazione G. Pascale, Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Vullo
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Song IJ, Yang YM, Inokuchi-Shimizu S, Roh YS, Yang L, Seki E. The contribution of toll-like receptor signaling to the development of liver fibrosis and cancer in hepatocyte-specific TAK1-deleted mice. Int J Cancer 2017; 142:81-91. [PMID: 28875549 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Revised: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocyte death is associated with liver inflammation, fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Damaged cells trigger inflammation through activation of Toll-like receptors (TLRs). Although the role of TLR4 in HCC development has been reported, the role of TLR9 in the development of HCC remains elusive. To investigate the role of TLR4 and TLR9 signaling in liver inflammation-fibrosis-cancer axis, we took advantage of mice with hepatic deletion of transforming growth factor-β-activated kinase 1 (Tak1ΔHep) that develop spontaneous liver injury, inflammation, fibrosis, and HCC, recapitulating the pathology of human HCC. We generated double knockout mice lacking genes of our interest with hepatic Tak1. Tak1ΔHep mice and Tlr4-deficient Tak1ΔHep mice had similar serum ALT levels, but Tlr4-deficient Tak1ΔHep mice exhibited significantly reduced macrophage infiltration, myofibroblast activation and tumor formation. Ablation of TLR9 reduced spontaneous liver injury, inflammation, fibrosis, and cancer development in Tak1ΔHep mice. In addition, the common adaptor, myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88)-deficient Tak1ΔHep mice also attenuated liver injury, macrophage recruitment, collagen deposition, and tumor growth compared with control Tak1ΔHep mice. Genetic ablation of TNF receptor type I (TNFR) in Tak1ΔHep mice remarkably reduced liver inflammation-fibrosis-cancer axis. Surprisingly, disruption of interleukin-1 receptor (IL-1R) had no effect on liver injury and tumor formation, although Il1r-deficient Tak1ΔHep showed attenuated macrophage infiltration and collagen deposition. In conclusion, TLR4- and TLR9-MyD88 are driving forces of progression to HCC accompanied by liver inflammation and fibrosis in Tak1ΔHep mice. Importantly, TLR4 and TLR9 downstream TNFR, but not IL-1R signaling is crucial for the development of HCC in Tak1ΔHep mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Jingyi Song
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, California, 92093, USA
| | - Yoon Mee Yang
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, 90048, USA
| | - Sayaka Inokuchi-Shimizu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, California, 92093, USA
| | - Yoon Seok Roh
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, 90048, USA.,Department of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University College of Pharmacy, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28160, South Korea
| | - Ling Yang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, California, 92093, USA.,Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Ekihiro Seki
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, California, 92093, USA.,Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, 90048, USA.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, 90048, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, 90048, USA
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10
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Trucco LD, Roselli E, Araya P, Nuñez NG, Mena HA, Bocco JL, Negrotto S, Maccioni M. Downregulation of adaptor protein MyD88 compromises the angiogenic potential of B16 murine melanoma. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0179897. [PMID: 28662055 PMCID: PMC5491060 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0179897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms that link inflammatory responses to cancer development remain a subject of intense investigation, emphasizing the need to better understand the cellular and molecular pathways that create a tumor promoting microenvironment. The myeloid differentiation primary response protein MyD88 acts as a main adaptor molecule for the signaling cascades initiated from Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and the interleukin 1 receptor (IL-1R). MyD88 has been shown to contribute to tumorigenesis in many inflammation-associated cancer models. In this study, we sought to better define the role of MyD88 in neoplastic cells using a murine melanoma model. Herein, we have demonstrated that MyD88 expression is required to maintain the angiogenic switch that supports B16 melanoma growth. By knocking down MyD88 we reduced TLR-mediated NF-κB activation with no evident effects over cell proliferation and survival. In addition, MyD88 downregulation was associated with a decrease of HIF1α levels and its target gene VEGF, in correlation with an impaired capability to induce capillary sprouting and tube formation of endothelial cells. Melanomas developed from cells lacking MyD88 showed an enhanced secretion of chemoattractant ligands such as CCL2, CXCL10 and CXCL1 and have an improved infiltration of macrophages to the tumor site. Our results imply that cell-autonomous signaling through MyD88 is required to sustain tumor growth and underscore its function as an important positive modulator of tumor angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Daniel Trucco
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Emiliano Roselli
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Paula Araya
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Nicolás Gonzalo Nuñez
- Laboratoire de Transfert, INSERM U932, Laboratoire d'Immunologie, Institute Curie, París, France
| | - Hebe Agustina Mena
- Laboratorio de Trombosis Experimental, Academia Nacional de Medicina, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - José Luis Bocco
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Soledad Negrotto
- Laboratorio de Trombosis Experimental, Academia Nacional de Medicina, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariana Maccioni
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
- * E-mail:
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11
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Kinowaki K, Soejima Y, Kumagai A, Kondo F, Sano K, Fujii T, Kitagawa M, Fukusato T. Clinical and pathological significance of myeloid differentiation factor 88 expression in human hepatocellular carcinoma tissues. Pathol Int 2017; 67:256-263. [PMID: 28370778 DOI: 10.1111/pin.12529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The innate immune system, which includes toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling, plays an important role in inflammation and oncogenesis. Although TLR common adaptor myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) is known to have multiple effects on carcinogenesis, the role of MyD88 in hepatocarcinogenesis remains unknown. In this study, MyD88 expression was examined in 105 samples of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissue by immunohistochemistry, Western blot, and quantitative reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction methods. The relationships between MyD88 expression and clinical and pathological parameters were analyzed. The results showed that attenuated expression of MyD88 in HCC tissue tumor cells was significantly related to hepatitis B virus infection, large tumor size, positive vascular invasion, and intrahepatic metastasis (P < 0.05). Western blot analysis of MyD88 protein in nine normal livers and 28 HCCs showed gender disparity (P < 0.01, P < 0.05), and attenuated expression in cirrhotic livers (P < 0.05). Low expression of MyD88 mRNA was evident in HCCs with vascular invasion (P < 0.01). In contrast to previous reports, these results suggest that attenuated expression of MyD88 in HCC is associated with tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiichi Kinowaki
- General Medical Education and Research Center, Teikyo University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Comprehensive Pathology, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Pathology, Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yurie Soejima
- General Medical Education and Research Center, Teikyo University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Health Care Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Arisa Kumagai
- Department of Pathology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fukuo Kondo
- Department of Pathology, Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Pathology, Teikyo University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiji Sano
- Department of Surgery, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Fujii
- Department of Pathology, Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masanobu Kitagawa
- Department of Comprehensive Pathology, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshio Fukusato
- General Medical Education and Research Center, Teikyo University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Pathology, Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Pathology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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12
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Li Z, Xue TQ, Chen XY. Predictive values of serum VEGF and CRP levels combined with contrast enhanced MRI in hepatocellular carcinoma patients after TACE. Am J Cancer Res 2016; 6:2375-2385. [PMID: 27822426 PMCID: PMC5088300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This study explored the predictive value of serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels combined with enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE). One hundred and seventeen patients who received TACE from June 2010 to December 2012 in our hospital were included in this study. Serum VEGF and CRP levels before and after TACE were determined by ELISA and single immunodiffusion method for analyzing the association of serum levels with pathological features. Enhanced MRI was utilized before and after TACE to measure tumor size and ADC value in enhanced region and non-enhanced region. MRI data were combined with serum VEGF and CRP levels to analyze the predictive value in efficacy and prognosis for HCC patients after TACE. The serum VEGF and CRP levels after TACE were increased, but can return to normal levels in a certain time. VEGF and CRP levels were not statistically associated with tumor location, tumor staining or presence of membrane (all P > 0.05), but closely correlated with combined portal vein tumor thrombus, combined arteriovenous fistula and distant metastasis (all P < 0.05). Low levels of serum VEGF and CRP, small tumor size and low ADC value before treatment indicated a better prognosis. The sensitivity and specificity of serum VEGF and CRP levels, tumor size and ADC value were respectively 92.31% and 88.46%, 93.85% and 90.38%, 81.54% and 78.85% as well as 47.69% and 84.62%. Serum VEGF and CRP levels, tumor size and ADC value could predict the efficacy of TACE for HCC patients. Serum VEGF and CRP levels combined with enhanced MRI may serve as markers for efficacy and prognosis evaluation in HCC patients after TACE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Li
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006, P. R. China
| | - Tong-Qing Xue
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006, P. R. China
- Department of Pain and Interventional Radiology, The Second People’s Hospital of Huai’anHuai’an 223300, P. R. China
- Department of Pain and Interventional Radiology, Huaiyin Hospital of Huai’anHuai’an 223300, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Yu Chen
- Department of Radiology, The Second People’s Hospital of Huai’anHuai’an 223300, P. R. China
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13
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Park GS, Kim JH. Myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88-leukotriene B4 receptor 2 cascade mediates lipopolysaccharide-potentiated invasiveness of breast cancer cells. Oncotarget 2016; 6:5749-59. [PMID: 25691060 PMCID: PMC4467399 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Accepted: 01/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation and local inflammatory mediators are inextricably linked to tumor progression through complex pathways in the tumor microenvironment. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) exposure to tumor cells has been suggested to promote tumor invasiveness and metastasis. However, the detailed signaling mechanism involved has not been elucidated. In this study, we showed that LPS upregulated the expression of leukotriene B4 receptor-2 (BLT2) and the synthesis of BLT2 ligands in MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-435 breast cancer cells, thereby promoting invasiveness. BLT2 depletion with siRNA clearly attenuated LPS-induced invasiveness. In addition, we demonstrated that myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (MyD88) lies upstream of BLT2 in LPS-potentiated invasiveness and that this ‘MyD88-BLT2’ cascade mediates activation of NF-κB and the synthesis of IL-6 and IL-8, which are critical for the invasiveness and aggression of breast cancer cells. LPS-driven metastasis of MDA-MB-231 cells was also markedly suppressed by the inhibition of BLT2. Together, our results demonstrate, for the first time, that LPS potentiates the invasiveness and metastasis of breast cancer cells via a ‘MyD88-BLT2’-linked signaling cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geun-Soo Park
- College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae-Hong Kim
- College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
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14
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Maeda Y, Echizen K, Oshima H, Yu L, Sakulsak N, Hirose O, Yamada Y, Taniguchi T, Jenkins BJ, Saya H, Oshima M. Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88 Signaling in Bone Marrow–Derived Cells Promotes Gastric Tumorigenesis by Generation of Inflammatory Microenvironment. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2016; 9:253-63. [DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-15-0315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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15
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Perez-Yepez EA, Ayala-Sumuano JT, Lezama R, Meza I. A novel β-catenin signaling pathway activated by IL-1β leads to the onset of epithelial-mesenchymal transition in breast cancer cells. Cancer Lett 2014; 354:164-71. [PMID: 25135221 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2014.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2014] [Revised: 07/14/2014] [Accepted: 08/04/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin 1β has been associated with tumor development, invasiveness and metastasis in various types of cancer. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this association have not been clearly elucidated. The present study is the first to show, in breast cancer cells, that an IL-1β/IL-1RI/β-catenin signaling pathway induces β-catenin accumulation due to GSK3β inactivation by Akt phosphorylation. Translocation to the nucleus of accumulated β-catenin and formation of the TCF/Lef/β-catenin complex induce sequential expression of c-MYC, CCDN1, SNAIL1 and MMP2, leading to up-regulation of proliferation, migration and invasion; all of the processes shown to be required, in cancerous cells, to initiate transition from a non-invading to an invasive phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eloy Andres Perez-Yepez
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Avenida Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, Mexico DF 07360, Mexico
| | - Jorge-Tonatiuh Ayala-Sumuano
- Institute of Neurobiology, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Campus Juriquilla, Blvd. Juriquilla 3001, Querétaro 76230, Mexico
| | - Ruth Lezama
- Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Wilfrido Massieu y Calzada Miguel Stampa s/n, México DF 07738, Mexico
| | - Isaura Meza
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Avenida Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, Mexico DF 07360, Mexico.
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