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Patel S, Khan MB, Kumar S, Vyavahare S, Mendhe B, Lee TJ, Cai J, Isales CM, Liu Y, Hess DC, Fulzele S. The impact of ischemic stroke on bone marrow microenvironment and extracellular vesicles: A study on inflammatory and molecular changes. Exp Neurol 2024; 379:114867. [PMID: 38914274 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2024.114867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
An ischemic stroke (IS) is caused due to the lack of blood flow to cerebral tissue. Most of the studies have focused on how stroke affects the localized tissue, but it has been observed that a stroke can cause secondary complications in distant organs, such as Bone Marrow (BM). Our study focused on the effect of ischemic strokes on the bone marrow microenvironment. Bone marrow (BM) is a vital organ that maintains inflammatory homeostasis and aids in the repair of damaged tissue after injury/IS. We used the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model of ischemic stroke on adult mice (6 months) and investigated the changes in the BM environment. BM cells were used for western blot and RT-PCR, and the BM supernatant was used for cytokine analysis and extracellular vesicle (EVs) isolation. We observed a significant increase in the total cell number within the BM and an increase in TNF-alpha and MCP-1, which are known for inducing a pro-inflammatory environment. Western blots analysis on the whole BM cell lysate demonstrated elevated levels of inflammatory factors (IL-6, TNF-alpha, and TLR-4) and senescence markers (p21 p16). EVs isolated from the BM supernatant showed no change in size or concentration; however, we found that the EVs carried increased miRNA-141-3p and miRNA-34a. Proteomic analysis on BM-derived EVs showed an alteration in the protein cargo of IS. We observed an increase in FgB, C3, Fn1, and Tra2b levels. The signaling pathway analysis showed mitochondrial function is most affected within the bone marrow. Our study demonstrated that IS induces changes in the BM environment and EVs secreted in the BM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagar Patel
- Department of Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Mohammad Badruzzaman Khan
- Department of Neurology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA; Center for Healthy Aging, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Sagar Vyavahare
- Department of Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Bharati Mendhe
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Tae Jin Lee
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Jingwen Cai
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Carlos M Isales
- Department of Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA; Center for Healthy Aging, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Yutao Liu
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - David C Hess
- Department of Neurology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Sadanand Fulzele
- Department of Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA; Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA; Center for Healthy Aging, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
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2
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Chen L, Chen Z, Hao S, Chen R, Chen S, Gu Y, Sheng F, Zhao W, Lu B, Wu Y, Xu Y, Wu D, Han Y, Qu S, Yao K, Fu Q. Characterization of mechanical stress in the occurrence of cortical opacification in age-related cataracts using three-dimensional finite element model of the human lens and RNA-seq. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167265. [PMID: 38810918 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Cataract is the leading cause of blindness across the world. Age-related cataract (ARC) is the most common type of cataract, but its pathogenesis is not fully understood. Using three-dimensional finite element modeling combining experimental biotechnology, our study demonstrates that external forces during accommodation cause mechanical stress predominantly in lens cortex, basically matching the localization of opacities in cortical ARCs. We identified the cellular senescence and upregulation of PIEZO1 mRNA in HLECs under mechanical stretch. This mechano-induced senescence in HLECs might be mediated by PIEZO1-related pathways, portraying a potential biomechanical cause of cortical ARCs. Our study updates the fundamental insight towards cataractogenesis, paving the way for further exploration of ARCs pathogenesis and nonsurgical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Chen
- Eye Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Institute on Eye Diseases, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhe Chen
- Eye Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China; State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power & Mechatronic System, Key Laboratory of Soft Machines and Smart Devices of Zhejiang Province, Center for X-Mechanics, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Shengjie Hao
- Eye Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Institute on Eye Diseases, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Rongrong Chen
- Eye Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Institute on Eye Diseases, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Shuying Chen
- Eye Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Institute on Eye Diseases, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yuzhou Gu
- Eye Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Institute on Eye Diseases, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Feiyin Sheng
- Eye Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Institute on Eye Diseases, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Eye Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Institute on Eye Diseases, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Bing Lu
- Eye Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Institute on Eye Diseases, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yuhao Wu
- Eye Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Institute on Eye Diseases, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yili Xu
- Eye Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Institute on Eye Diseases, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Di Wu
- Eye Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Institute on Eye Diseases, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yu Han
- Eye Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Institute on Eye Diseases, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Shaoxing Qu
- Eye Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China; State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power & Mechatronic System, Key Laboratory of Soft Machines and Smart Devices of Zhejiang Province, Center for X-Mechanics, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ke Yao
- Eye Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Institute on Eye Diseases, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Qiuli Fu
- Eye Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Institute on Eye Diseases, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China.
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3
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Li Z, Zheng C, Liu H, Lv J, Wang Y, Zhang K, Kong S, Chen F, Kong Y, Yang X, Cheng Y, Yang Z, Zhang C, Tian Y. A novel oxidative stress-related gene signature as an indicator of prognosis and immunotherapy responses in HNSCC. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:14957-14984. [PMID: 38157249 PMCID: PMC10781479 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To identify molecular subtypes of oxidative stress-related genes in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and to construct a scoring model of oxidative stress-related genes. METHODS R language based scRNA-seq and bulk RNA-seq analyses were used to identify molecular isoforms of oxidative stress-related genes in HNSCC. An oxidative stress-related gene scoring (OSRS) model was constructed, which were verified through online data and immunohistochemical staining of clinical samples. RESULTS Using TCGA-HNSCC datasets, nine predictive genes for overall patient survival, rarely reported in previous similar studies, were screened. AREG and CES1 were identified as prognostic risk factors. CSTA, FDCSP, JCHAIN, IFFO2, PGLYRP4, SPOCK2 and SPINK6 were identified as prognostic factors. Collectively, all genes formed a prognostic risk signature model for oxidative stress in HNSCC, which were validated in GSE41613, GSE103322 and PRJEB23709 datasets. Immunohistochemical staining of SPINK6 in nasopharyngeal cancer samples validated the gene panel. Subsequent analysis indicated that subgroups of the oxidative stress prognostic signature played important roles during cellular communication, the immune microenvironment, the differential activation of transcription factors, oxidative stress and immunotherapeutic responses. CONCLUSIONS The risk model might predict HNSCC prognosis and immunotherapeutic responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoqi Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250299, P.R. China
- Radiotherapy Department, Shandong Second Provincial General Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250299, P.R. China
| | - Chunning Zheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Hongtao Liu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, Shandong Lung Cancer Institute, Shandong Institute of Nephrology, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Jiling Lv
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Second Provincial General Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250299, P.R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250299, P.R. China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Generalsurgery Department, Wenshang County People’s Hospital, Wenshang, Shandong 272500, P.R. China
| | - Shuai Kong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, P.R. China
| | - Yongmei Kong
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250299, P.R. China
- Radiotherapy Department, Shandong Second Provincial General Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250299, P.R. China
| | - Xiaowei Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Intervention, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, P.R. China
| | - Yuxia Cheng
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, Shandong Lung Cancer Institute, Shandong Institute of Nephrology, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Zhensong Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Tian
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250299, P.R. China
- Radiotherapy Department, Shandong Second Provincial General Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250299, P.R. China
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4
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Cyran AM, Kleinegger F, Nass N, Naumann M, Haybaeck J, Arens C. Inhibition of EIF2α Dephosphorylation Decreases Cell Viability and Synergizes with Standard-of-Care Chemotherapeutics in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5350. [PMID: 38001610 PMCID: PMC10670742 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15225350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance is a common cause of therapy failure in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). One approach to tackling it is by targeting fundamental cellular processes, such as translation. The eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α (EIF2α) is a key player in canonical translation initiation and integrates diverse stress signals; when phosphorylated, it curbs global protein synthesis. This study evaluates EIF2α expression and phosphorylation in HNSCC. A small-molecule inhibitor of EIF2α dephosphorylation, salubrinal, was tested in vitro, followed by viability assays, flow cytometry, and immunoblot analyses. Patient-derived 3D tumor spheres (PD3DS) were cultured with salubrinal and their viability assessed. Lastly, salubrinal was evaluated with standard-of-care chemotherapeutics. Our analysis of RNA and proteomics data shows elevated EIF2α expression in HNSCC. Immunohistochemical staining reveals increasing EIF2α abundance from premalignant lesions to invasive and metastatic carcinoma. In immunoblots from intraoperative samples, EIF2α expression and steady-state phosphorylation are higher in HNSCC than in neighboring normal tissue. Inhibition of EIF2α dephosphorylation decreases HNSCC cell viability and clonogenic survival and impairs the G1/S transition. Salubrinal also decreases the viability of PD3DS and acts synergistically with cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil, bleomycin, and proteasome inhibitors. Our results indicate that pharmacological inhibition of EIF2α dephosphorylation is a potential therapeutic strategy for HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M. Cyran
- Legorreta Cancer Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI 02906, USA
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Florian Kleinegger
- Diagnostic & Research Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria (J.H.)
| | - Norbert Nass
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, 14770 Brandenburg an der Havel, Germany;
| | - Michael Naumann
- Institute of Experimental Internal Medicine, Otto von Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany;
| | - Johannes Haybaeck
- Diagnostic & Research Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria (J.H.)
| | - Christoph Arens
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Giessen and Marburg University Hospitals, Campus Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany;
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5
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Hu J, Leisegang MS, Looso M, Drekolia MK, Wittig J, Mettner J, Karantanou C, Kyselova A, Dumbovic G, Li X, Li Y, Guenther S, John D, Siragusa M, Zukunft S, Oo JA, Wittig I, Hille S, Weigert A, Knapp S, Brandes RP, Müller OJ, Papapetropoulos A, Sigala F, Dobreva G, Kojonazarov B, Fleming I, Bibli SI. Disrupted Binding of Cystathionine γ-Lyase to p53 Promotes Endothelial Senescence. Circ Res 2023; 133:842-857. [PMID: 37800327 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.123.323084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Advanced age is unequivocally linked to the development of cardiovascular disease; however, the mechanisms resulting in reduced endothelial cell regeneration remain poorly understood. Here, we investigated novel mechanisms involved in endothelial cell senescence that impact endothelial cell transcription and vascular repair after injury. METHODS Native endothelial cells were isolated from young (20±3.4 years) and aged (80±2.3 years) individuals and subjected to molecular analyses to assess global transcriptional and metabolic changes. In vitro studies were conducted using primary human and murine endothelial cells. A murine aortic re-endothelialization model was used to examine endothelial cell regenerative capacity in vivo. RESULTS RNA sequencing of native endothelial cells revealed that aging resulted in p53-mediated reprogramming to express senescence-associated genes and suppress glycolysis. Reduced glucose uptake and ATP contributed to attenuated assembly of the telomerase complex, which was required for endothelial cell proliferation. Enhanced p53 activity in aging was linked to its acetylation on K120 due to enhanced activity of the acetyltransferase MOZ (monocytic leukemic zinc finger). Mechanistically, p53 acetylation and translocation were, at least partially, attributed to the loss of the vasoprotective enzyme, CSE (cystathionine γ-lyase). CSE physically anchored p53 in the cytosol to prevent its nuclear translocation and CSE absence inhibited AKT (Protein kinase B)-mediated MOZ phosphorylation, which in turn increased MOZ activity and subsequently p53 acetylation. In mice, the endothelial cell-specific deletion of CSE activated p53, induced premature endothelial senescence, and arrested vascular repair after injury. In contrast, the adeno-associated virus 9-mediated re-expression of an active CSE mutant retained p53 in the cytosol, maintained endothelial glucose metabolism and proliferation, and prevented endothelial cell senescence. Adenoviral overexpression of CSE in native endothelial cells from aged individuals maintained low p53 activity and reactivated telomerase to revert endothelial cell senescence. CONCLUSIONS Aging-associated impairment of vascular repair is partly determined by the vasoprotective enzyme CSE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiong Hu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine (J.H., X.L., Y.L.), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Sino-German Laboratory of CardioPulmonary Science (J.H., I.F.), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine (J.H., M.-K.D., J.W., J.M., C.K., A.K., X.L., M.S., S.Z., I.F., S.-I.B.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Matthias S Leisegang
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology (M.S.L., J.A.O., R.P.B.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Mario Looso
- Bioinformatics Core Unit, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany (M.L., S.G.)
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site RheinMain, Frankfurt am Main (M.L., S.G., R.P.B., I.F., S.-I.B.)
| | - Maria-Kyriaki Drekolia
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine (J.H., M.-K.D., J.W., J.M., C.K., A.K., X.L., M.S., S.Z., I.F., S.-I.B.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Janina Wittig
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine (J.H., M.-K.D., J.W., J.M., C.K., A.K., X.L., M.S., S.Z., I.F., S.-I.B.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Janina Mettner
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine (J.H., M.-K.D., J.W., J.M., C.K., A.K., X.L., M.S., S.Z., I.F., S.-I.B.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Christina Karantanou
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine (J.H., M.-K.D., J.W., J.M., C.K., A.K., X.L., M.S., S.Z., I.F., S.-I.B.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Anastasia Kyselova
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine (J.H., M.-K.D., J.W., J.M., C.K., A.K., X.L., M.S., S.Z., I.F., S.-I.B.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Gabrjela Dumbovic
- Cardiovascular Genomics and Epigenomics, European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany (G.D.)
| | - Xiaoming Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine (J.H., X.L., Y.L.), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine (J.H., M.-K.D., J.W., J.M., C.K., A.K., X.L., M.S., S.Z., I.F., S.-I.B.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine (J.H., X.L., Y.L.), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Stefan Guenther
- Bioinformatics Core Unit, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany (M.L., S.G.)
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site RheinMain, Frankfurt am Main (M.L., S.G., R.P.B., I.F., S.-I.B.)
| | - David John
- Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration (D.J.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Mauro Siragusa
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine (J.H., M.-K.D., J.W., J.M., C.K., A.K., X.L., M.S., S.Z., I.F., S.-I.B.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Sven Zukunft
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine (J.H., M.-K.D., J.W., J.M., C.K., A.K., X.L., M.S., S.Z., I.F., S.-I.B.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - James A Oo
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology (M.S.L., J.A.O., R.P.B.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ilka Wittig
- Sino-German Laboratory of CardioPulmonary Science (J.H., I.F.), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Functional Proteomics, Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology (I.W.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Susanne Hille
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Kiel, Germany (S.H., O.J.M.)
| | - Andreas Weigert
- Institute of Biochemistry I (A.W.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Stefan Knapp
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (S.K.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ralf P Brandes
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology (M.S.L., J.A.O., R.P.B.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site RheinMain, Frankfurt am Main (M.L., S.G., R.P.B., I.F., S.-I.B.)
| | - Oliver J Müller
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Kiel, Germany (S.H., O.J.M.)
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany (O.J.M.)
| | - Andreas Papapetropoulos
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy (A.P.), National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Fragiska Sigala
- First Propedeutic Department of Surgery, Vascular Surgery Division (F.S.), National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Gergana Dobreva
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Heidelberg, Germany (G.D.)
| | - Baktybek Kojonazarov
- Institute for Lung Health (ILH) (B.K.), Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Member of the Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI) (B.K.), Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Ingrid Fleming
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine (J.H., M.-K.D., J.W., J.M., C.K., A.K., X.L., M.S., S.Z., I.F., S.-I.B.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Sofia-Iris Bibli
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine (J.H., M.-K.D., J.W., J.M., C.K., A.K., X.L., M.S., S.Z., I.F., S.-I.B.), Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site RheinMain, Frankfurt am Main (M.L., S.G., R.P.B., I.F., S.-I.B.)
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6
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Gao F, Zhang B, Sun Z, Gao Y, Liu C, Dou X, Tong H, Wang R. Regulation of endothelial ferroptosis by SESN1 in atherosclerosis and its related mechanism. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:204777. [PMID: 37294547 PMCID: PMC10292895 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atherosclerosis (AS) is a disease characterized by the disorder of lipid metabolism and the formation of atherosclerotic plaques in the arterial wall, leading to arterial stenosis. Sestrins 1 (SESN1) plays an important regulatory role in AS, but the specific regulatory mechanism is still unclear. METHODS ApoE-/- mouse models of AS were constructed. After overexpressing SESN1, oil red O staining was used to detect the degree of aortic plaque. HE staining detected the endothelial damage of the surrounding tissues. ELISA was used to detect the levels of vascular inflammation and oxidative stress. The iron metabolism in vascular tissues was detected by immunofluorescence. The expressions of SESN1 and ferroptosis-related proteins were detected by western blot. In the oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-induced injury model in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), CCK8, ELISA, immunofluorescence and western blot were respectively used to detect cell viability, inflammatory response, oxidative stress and ferroptosis. The regulatory mechanism of SESN1 on endothelial ferroptosis in AS was further explored following the addition of P21 inhibitor UC2288. RESULTS Overexpression of SESN1 could inhibit the extent of the plaque and reduce the endothelial injury of plaque tissues in AS mice. In both mouse and cell models of AS, SESN1 overexpression inhibited inflammatory response, oxidative stress response, and endothelial ferroptosis. The inhibitory effect of SESN1 on endothelial ferroptosis might be achieved through activation of P21. CONCLUSION SESN1 overexpression plays an inhibitory role in vascular endothelial ferroptosis through the activation of P21 in AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Gao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221005, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221005, China
| | - Zhanfa Sun
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221005, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221005, China
| | - Chunyi Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221005, China
| | - Xueyong Dou
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221005, China
| | - Haokun Tong
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221005, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221005, China
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7
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Fan R, Hu D, Wang M, Zheng H, Zhou Y, Zhang L. Integrated analysis of circRNA-associated ceRNA network in ischemic stroke. Front Genet 2023; 14:1153518. [PMID: 37323662 PMCID: PMC10267749 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1153518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Stroke, of which ischemic stroke (IS) is the major type, is the second leading cause of disability and death worldwide. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are reported to play important role in the physiology and pathology of IS. CircRNAs often act as competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) to regulate gene expression by acting as miRNA sponges. However, whole transcriptome-wide screenings of circRNA-mediated ceRNA networks associated with IS are still lacking. In the present study, we constructed a circRNA-miRNA-mRNA ceRNA network by whole transcriptome-wide analysis. Methods: CircRNAs, miRNAs and mRNAs expression profiles were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets. We identified differentially expressed (DE) circRNAs, miRNAs, and mRNAs in IS patients. StarBase and CircBank databases were used to predict the miRNA targets of DEcircRNAs, and mirDIP database was used to predict the mRNA targets of DEmiRNAs. CircRNA-miRNA pairs and miRNA-mRNA pairs were established. Then, we identified hub genes via protein-protein interaction analysis and constructed a core ceRNA sub-network. Results: In total, 276 DEcircRNAs, 43 DEmiRNAs, and 1926 DEmRNAs were explored. The ceRNA network included 69 circRNAs, 24 miRNAs, and 92 mRNAs. The core ceRNA subnetwork included hsa_circ_0011474, hsa_circ_0023110, CDKN1A, FHL2, RPS2, CDK19, KAT6A, CBX1, BRD4, and ZFHX3. Discussion: In conclusion, we established a novel hsa_circ_0011474 - hsa-miR-20a-5p/hsa-miR-17-5p - CDKN1A ceRNA regulatory axis associated with IS. Our findings provide new insights into the pathogenesis of IS and offer promising diagnostic and predictive biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongli Fan
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Chemical and Biological Processing Technology of Farm Products, Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Die Hu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Chemical and Biological Processing Technology of Farm Products, Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Maiqiu Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Chemical and Biological Processing Technology of Farm Products, Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huilin Zheng
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Chemical and Biological Processing Technology of Farm Products, Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yifeng Zhou
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Chemical and Biological Processing Technology of Farm Products, Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Chemical and Biological Processing Technology of Farm Products, Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Information and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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8
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Roszkowska KA, Piecuch A, Sady M, Gajewski Z, Flis S. Gain of Function (GOF) Mutant p53 in Cancer-Current Therapeutic Approaches. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13287. [PMID: 36362074 PMCID: PMC9654280 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Continuous development of personalized treatments is undoubtedly beneficial for oncogenic patients' comfort and survival rate. Mutant TP53 is associated with a worse prognosis due to the occurrence of metastases, increased chemoresistance, and tumor growth. Currently, numerous compounds capable of p53 reactivation or the destabilization of mutant p53 are being investigated. Several of them, APR-246, COTI-2, SAHA, and PEITC, were approved for clinical trials. This review focuses on these novel therapeutic opportunities, their mechanisms of action, and their significance for potential medical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna A. Roszkowska
- Center for Translational Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 100 Nowoursynowska St., 02-797 Warsaw, Poland
| | | | | | | | - Sylwia Flis
- Center for Translational Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 100 Nowoursynowska St., 02-797 Warsaw, Poland
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9
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Singha SP, Memon S, Bano U, Isaac AD, Shahani MY. Evaluation of p21 expression and related autism-like behavior in Bisphenol-A exposed offspring of Wistar albino rats. Birth Defects Res 2022; 114:536-550. [PMID: 35560535 DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bisphenol A (BPA), an endocrine disruptor, may be involved in the etiology of autism spectrum disorders (ASD); however, the mechanism of neuronal and astrocytic damage remains ambiguous. A possible role of altered expression of p21 in autistic-like behavior in rat offspring was examined with prenatal and postnatal BPA exposure. METHODS Wistar albino dams were exposed to BPA (5 mg/kg) intraperitoneally throughout pregnancy and until the third postnatal day (PND). Pups were examined on 21st PND for behavioral test. Blood samples were collected for serum lactate levels and pups were sacrificed. Right frontal cortices were dissected out and processed for H&E, immunohistochemical analysis, and gene expression. RESULTS Anxiety like behavior and thigmotaxis along with reduction in serum lactate concentrations were observed in pups exposed to BPA. Decline in neuronal number and decreased astrocytic population with reduced dendritic spines were revealed by H&E and immunohistochemical analysis, respectively, in right frontal cortices. Over expression of p21 was also detected in BPA-exposed offspring. CONCLUSIONS Over expression of p21 may be associated with autistic behavior. Further studies are recommended to explore the structural alterations in other white matter pathways in frontal cortices.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Samreen Memon
- Department of Anatomy, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro, Pakistan
| | - Umbreen Bano
- Department of Anatomy, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro, Pakistan
| | - Amir Derick Isaac
- Department of Oral Biology, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Yaqoob Shahani
- Department of Anatomy, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro, Pakistan
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10
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Jia Y, Wu C, Rivera-Piza A, Kim YJ, Lee JH, Lee SJ. Mechanism of Action of Cyanidin 3-O-Glucoside in Gluconeogenesis and Oxidative Stress-Induced Cancer Cell Senescence. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11040749. [PMID: 35453434 PMCID: PMC9029247 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11040749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G) is a natural anthocyanin abundant in fruits and vegetables that interacts and possibly modulates energy metabolism and oxidative stress. This study investigated the effect of C3G on gluconeogenesis and cancer cell senescence. C3G activates adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a cellular energy sensor involved in metabolism and the aging process. C3G suppressed hepatic gluconeogenesis by reducing the expression of gluconeogenic genes through the phosphorylation inactivation of CRTC2 and HDAC5 coactivators via AMPK. C3G did not directly interact with AMPK but, instead, activated AMPK through the adiponectin receptor signaling pathway, as demonstrated through adiponectin receptor gene knockdown experiments. In addition, C3G increased cellular AMP levels in cultured hepatocytes, and the oral administration of C3G in mice elevated their plasma adiponectin concentrations. These effects collectively contribute to the activation of AMPK. In addition, C3G showed potent antioxidant activity and induced cellular senescence, and apoptosis in oxidative-stress induced senescence in hepatocarcinoma cells. C3G increased senescence-associated β-galactosidase expression, while increasing the expression levels of P16, P21 and P53, key markers of cellular senescence. These findings demonstrate that anthocyanin C3G achieves hypoglycemic effects via AMPK activation and the subsequent suppression of gluconeogenesis and exhibits anti-cancer activity through the induction of apoptosis and cellular senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoyao Jia
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea; (Y.J.); (C.W.); (A.R.-P.); (Y.-J.K.); (J.H.L.)
| | - Chunyan Wu
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea; (Y.J.); (C.W.); (A.R.-P.); (Y.-J.K.); (J.H.L.)
| | - Adriana Rivera-Piza
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea; (Y.J.); (C.W.); (A.R.-P.); (Y.-J.K.); (J.H.L.)
| | - Yeon-Ji Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea; (Y.J.); (C.W.); (A.R.-P.); (Y.-J.K.); (J.H.L.)
| | - Ji Hae Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea; (Y.J.); (C.W.); (A.R.-P.); (Y.-J.K.); (J.H.L.)
| | - Sung-Joon Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea; (Y.J.); (C.W.); (A.R.-P.); (Y.-J.K.); (J.H.L.)
- Department of Food Bioscience and Technology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-3290-302
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11
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Cell death mechanisms in head and neck cancer cells in response to low and high-LET radiation. Expert Rev Mol Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1017/erm.2021.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
AbstractHead and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a common malignancy that develops in or around the throat, larynx, nose, sinuses and mouth, and is mostly treated with a combination of chemo- and radiotherapy (RT). The main goal of RT is to kill enough of the cancer cell population, whilst preserving the surrounding normal and healthy tissue. The mechanisms by which conventional photon RT achieves this have been extensively studied over several decades, but little is known about the cell death pathways that are activated in response to RT of increasing linear energy transfer (LET), including proton beam therapy and heavy ions. Here, we provide an up-to-date review on the observed radiobiological effects of low- versus high-LET RT in HNSCC cell models, particularly in the context of specific cell death mechanisms, including apoptosis, necrosis, autophagy, senescence and mitotic death. We also detail some of the current therapeutic strategies targeting cell death pathways that have been investigated to enhance the radiosensitivity of HNSCC cells in response to RT, including those that may present with clinical opportunities for eventual patient benefit.
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12
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Ruiz FJ, Inkman M, Rashmi R, Muhammad N, Gabriel N, Miller CA, McLellan MD, Goldstein M, Markovina S, Grigsby PW, Zhang J, Schwarz JK. HPV transcript expression affects cervical cancer response to chemoradiation. JCI Insight 2021; 6:e138734. [PMID: 34255749 PMCID: PMC8409981 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.138734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Persistent HPV infection is causative for the majority of cervical cancer cases; however, current guidelines do not require HPV testing for newly diagnosed cervical cancer. Using an institutional cohort of 88 patients with cervical cancer treated uniformly with standard-of-care chemoradiation treatment (CRT) with prospectively collected clinical outcome data, we observed that patients with cervical tumors containing HPV genotypes other than HPV 16 have worse survival outcomes after CRT compared with patients with HPV 16+ tumors, consistent with previously published studies. Using RNA sequencing analysis, we quantified viral transcription efficiency and found higher levels of E6 and the alternative transcript E6*I in cervical tumors with HPV genotypes other than HPV 16. These findings were validated using whole transcriptome data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (n = 304). For the first time to our knowledge, transcript expression level of HPV E6*I was identified as a predictive biomarker of CRT outcome in our complete institutional data set (n = 88) and within the HPV 16+ subset (n = 36). In vitro characterization of HPV E6*I and E6 overexpression revealed that both induce CRT resistance through distinct mechanisms dependent upon p53–p21. Our findings suggest that high expression of E6*I and E6 may represent novel biomarkers of CRT efficacy, and these patients may benefit from alternative treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona J Ruiz
- Department of Radiation Oncology.,Division of Biological and Biomedical Sciences Molecular Cell Biology
| | - Matthew Inkman
- Department of Radiation Oncology.,Institute for Informatics
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Perry W Grigsby
- Department of Radiation Oncology.,Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center.,Division of Nuclear Medicine, Mallinckrodt Institute, and
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology.,Institute for Informatics.,Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center
| | - Julie K Schwarz
- Department of Radiation Oncology.,Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center.,Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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13
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Acute ischemic stroke triggers a cellular senescence-associated secretory phenotype. Sci Rep 2021; 11:15752. [PMID: 34344977 PMCID: PMC8333348 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-95344-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Senescent cells are capable of expressing a myriad of inflammatory cytokines and this pro-inflammatory phenomenon is known as senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). The contribution of this phenomenon in brain ischemia was scarce. A mouse model of transient focal cerebral ischemia by compressing the distal middle cerebral artery (tMCAo) for 60 min was used. SASP, pro-inflammatory cytokines and cell cycle mRNAs levels were quantified at 30-min and 72 h post-surgery. Immunohistochemistry in paraffin embedded human brain slides and mouse brain tissue was performed. Our results showed an increase of both p16 and p21 mRNA restricted to the infarct area in the tMCAo brain. Moreover, there was an induction of Il6, Tnfa, Cxc11, and its receptor Cxcr2 mRNA pro-inflammatory cytokines with a high positive correlation with p16/p21 mRNA levels. The p16 was mainly shown in cytoplasm of neurons and cytoplasm/membrane of microglial cells. The p21 was observed in membrane of neurons and also it showed a mixed cytoplasmic and membranous pattern in the microglial cells. In a human stroke patient, an increase of P16 in the perimeter of the MCA infarct area was observed. These suggest a role of SASP in tMCAo mouse model and in human brain tissue. SASP potentially has a physiological role in acute ischemic stroke and neurological function loss.
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14
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Skaperda Z, Tekos F, Makri S, Angelakis C, Vassi E, Vardakas P, Patouna A, Terizi K, Kyriazi D, Kouretas D. A novel combined bioactivity / chemoactivity holistic approach for the evaluation of dietary supplements. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 152:112159. [PMID: 33789120 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
There is increasing evidence that the excessive generation of free radicals in the human body plays a major role in the pathophysiology and development of various diseases, closely associated with oxidative damage. In this frame, the consumption of antioxidant nutrients through food or dietary supplements may prevent from the harmful effects of free radicals on human cells. This work proposes a holistic approach consisting of distinct methodologies, suitable to evaluate the antioxidant and chemoprotective activity of three novel dietary supplements, each one containing active substances with complementary properties. In the first step, this approach includes in vitro studies to evaluate the antioxidant activity of the dietary supplements by measuring the parameters of free radical scavenging capacity, of reducing power activity, as well as, their ability to protect biomolecules from oxidation. Furthermore, the evaluation of their antimutagenic and antigenotoxic effects is also presented. SubsequentlySub, the specific effects of the dietary supplements were examined in three cancer cell lines (HepG2, HeLa, MKN45), by measuring redox biomarkers such as glutathione, reactive oxygen species and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, using flow cytometry and spectrophotometry. Our results indicate that all the dietary supplements exhibit high antioxidant, antimutagenic, antigenotoxic and lipid protective activity. The most prominent result is their capability to induce oxidative damage on cancer cells via the critical decrease of the levels of their intracellular glutathione, as well as the increase of ROS and lipid peroxidation levels after the administration of non-cytotoxic concentrations. We suggest that the proposed methodology could constitute a valuable tool for the characterization of dietary supplements based on their chemical and functional properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoi Skaperda
- Department of Biochemistry-Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Fotios Tekos
- Department of Biochemistry-Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Sotiria Makri
- Department of Biochemistry-Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Christos Angelakis
- School of Biology, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, Scotland, UK
| | - Eleni Vassi
- Department of Biochemistry-Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Periklis Vardakas
- Department of Biochemistry-Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Anastasia Patouna
- Department of Biochemistry-Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Kallirroi Terizi
- Department of Biochemistry-Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Despina Kyriazi
- Department of Biochemistry-Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Demetrios Kouretas
- Department of Biochemistry-Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece.
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15
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Patel NH, Bloukh S, Alwohosh E, Alhesa A, Saleh T, Gewirtz DA. Autophagy and senescence in cancer therapy. Adv Cancer Res 2021; 150:1-74. [PMID: 33858594 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2021.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Tumor cells can undergo diverse responses to cancer therapy. While apoptosis represents the most desirable outcome, tumor cells can alternatively undergo autophagy and senescence. Both autophagy and senescence have the potential to make complex contributions to tumor cell survival via both cell autonomous and cell non-autonomous pathways. The induction of autophagy and senescence in tumor cells, preclinically and clinically, either individually or concomitantly, has generated interest in the utilization of autophagy modulating and senolytic therapies to target autophagy and senescence, respectively. This chapter summarizes the current evidence for the promotion of autophagy and senescence as fundamental responses to cancer therapy and discusses the complexity of their functional contributions to cell survival and disease outcomes. We also highlight current modalities designed to exploit autophagy and senescence in efforts to improve the efficacy of cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nipa H Patel
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States; Massey Cancer Center, Goodwin Research Laboratories, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Sarah Bloukh
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Enas Alwohosh
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Ahmad Alhesa
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Tareq Saleh
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - David A Gewirtz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States; Massey Cancer Center, Goodwin Research Laboratories, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States.
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16
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Mahdizade E, Baeeri M, Hodjat M, Rahimifard M, Navaei-Nigjeh M, Haghi-Aminjan H, Moeini-Nodeh S, Hassani S, Dehghan G, Hosseinpour-Feizi MA, Abdollahi M. Impact of Acrylamide on Cellular Senescence Response and Cell Cycle Distribution via an In-vitro Study. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH : IJPR 2021; 20:165-177. [PMID: 35194437 PMCID: PMC8842627 DOI: 10.22037/ijpr.2021.115117.15206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to certain environmental toxins has been shown to be associated with cellular senescence mainly through induction of oxidative stress and impact on cellular systems. Acrylamide (ACR) has raised worldwide concerns regarding the high risk of human dietary exposure to its hazardous effect. Although there is ample evidence about the carcinogenicity of ACR, limited studies have focused on its impact on cellular aging. The levels of β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) activity, cell cycle distribution, and the expression of the senescence-associated gene and inflammatory markers were evaluated following exposure of embryonic fibroblast cells to ACR. A significant elevation in SA-β-gal activity after exposure to different concentrations of ACR was accompanied by a considerably increased level of reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation. ACR-treated cells showed a noticeable decline in the total antioxidant capacity and thiol molecules. Moreover, the expression of cellular senescence-related genes including p38, p53, and p21 significantly upregulated at the high concentration of 5 mM ACR. ACR also induced G0/G1 phase arrest in embryonic fibroblast cells. The current study results revealed that exposure to ACR could enhance senescence response, contributing to increased oxidative stress and cellular damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elahe Mahdizade
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran. ,Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Maryam Baeeri
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. ,Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. ,Corresponding authors: E-mail: ;
| | - Mahshid Hodjat
- Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mahban Rahimifard
- Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mona Navaei-Nigjeh
- Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hamed Haghi-Aminjan
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.
| | - Shermineh Moeini-Nodeh
- Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Shokoufeh Hassani
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. ,Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Gholamreza Dehghan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
| | | | - Mohammad Abdollahi
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. ,Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. ,Corresponding authors: E-mail: ;
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17
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Economopoulou P, Kotsantis I, Psyrri A. Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy Response in Head and Neck Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E3377. [PMID: 33203092 PMCID: PMC7696050 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) encompasses cellular and non-cellular components which play an important role in tumor evolution, invasion, and metastasis. A complicated interplay between tumor cells and adjacent TME cells, such as stromal cells, immune cells, inflammatory cells, and cytokines, leads to severe immunosuppression and the proliferation of cancer cells in several solid tumors. An immunosuppressive TME has a significant impact on treatment resistance and may guide response to immunotherapy. In head and neck cancer (HNC), immunotherapeutic drugs have been incorporated in everyday clinical practice. However, despite an exceptional rate of durable responses, only a low percentage of patients respond. In this review, we will focus on the complex interactions occurring in this dynamic system, the TME, which orchestrate key events that lead to tumor progression, immune escape, and resistance. Furthermore, we will summarize current clinical trials that depict the TME as a potential therapeutic target for improved patient selection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Amanda Psyrri
- Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Attikon University Hospital, 12462 Athens, Greece; (P.E.); (I.K.)
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Venkatesh D, Stockwell BR, Prives C. p21 can be a barrier to ferroptosis independent of p53. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:17800-17814. [PMID: 32979260 PMCID: PMC7585094 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Traditionally, the p21 protein has been viewed as limiting cancer progression and promoting aging. In contrast, there are reports that p21 can enhance cancer survival and limit tissue damage, depending on the tissue of origin and type of stressor involved. Here, we provide evidence to support these latter two roles of p21 by exploring its ability to regulate ferroptosis. Ferroptosis is a form of cell death that is associated with certain degenerative diseases, some of which are aging-related. Our results reveal a correlation between p21 protein levels in cell lines that are resistant to ferroptosis (p21 high) versus cell lines that are sensitive and easily undergo ferroptosis (p21 low). We also show that p21 levels themselves are differentially regulated in response to ferroptosis in a p53-independent manner. Further, experimentally altering the abundance of p21 protein inverts the ferroptosis-sensitivity of both resistant and sensitive human cancer cell lines. Our data also indicate that the interaction of p21 with CDKs is crucial for its ability to restrict the progression of ferroptosis. While this study was performed in cancer cell lines, our results support the potential of p21 to aid in maintenance of healthy tissues by blocking the damage incurred due to ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Venkatesh
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Brent R. Stockwell
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA,Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Carol Prives
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
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19
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Patel NH, Sohal SS, Manjili MH, Harrell JC, Gewirtz DA. The Roles of Autophagy and Senescence in the Tumor Cell Response to Radiation. Radiat Res 2020; 194:103-115. [PMID: 32845995 PMCID: PMC7482104 DOI: 10.1667/rade-20-00009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Radiation is a critical pillar in cancer therapeutics, exerting its anti-tumor DNA-damaging effects through various direct and indirect mechanisms. Radiation has served as an effective mode of treatment for a number of cancer types, providing both curative and palliative treatment; however, resistance to therapy persists as a fundamental limitation. While cancer cell death is the ideal outcome of any anti-tumor treatment, radiation induces several responses, including apoptotic cell death, mitotic catastrophe, autophagy and senescence, where autophagy and senescence may promote cell survival. In most cases, autophagy, a conventionally cytoprotective mechanism, is a "first" responder to damage incurred from chemotherapy and radiation treatment. The paradigm developed on the premise that autophagy is cytoprotective in nature has provided the rationale for current clinical trials designed with the goal of radiosensitizing cancer cells through the use of autophagy inhibitors; however, these have failed to produce consistent results. Delving further into pre-clinical studies, autophagy has actually been shown to take diverse, sometimes opposing, forms, such as acting in a cytotoxic or nonprotective fashion, which may be partially responsible for the inconsistency of clinical outcomes. Furthermore, autophagy can have both pro- and anti-tumorigenic effects, while also having an important immune modulatory function. Senescence often occurs in tandem with autophagy, which is also the case with radiation. Radiation-induced senescence is frequently followed by a phase of proliferative recovery in a subset of cells and has been proposed as a tumor dormancy model, which can contribute to resistance to therapy and possibly also disease recurrence. Senescence induction is often accompanied by a unique secretory phenotype that can either promote or suppress immune functions, depending on the expression profile of cytokines and chemokines. Novel therapeutics selectively cytotoxic to senescent cells (senolytics) may prove to prolong remission by delaying disease recurrence in patients. Accurate assessment of primary responses to radiation may provide potential targets that can be manipulated for therapeutic benefit to sensitize cancer cells to radiotherapy, while sparing normal tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nipa H. Patel
- Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Richmond, Virginia 23298
| | - Sahib S. Sohal
- Departments of Pathology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298
| | - Masoud H Manjili
- Departments of Microbiology and Immunology, Massey Cancer Center, Richmond, Virginia 23298
| | - J. Chuck Harrell
- Departments of Pathology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298
| | - David A. Gewirtz
- Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Richmond, Virginia 23298
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20
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ROS-Mediated Therapeutic Strategy in Chemo-/Radiotherapy of Head and Neck Cancer. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:5047987. [PMID: 32774675 PMCID: PMC7396055 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5047987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Head and neck cancer is a highly genetic and metabolic heterogeneous collection of malignancies of the lip, oral cavity, salivary glands, pharynx, esophagus, paranasal sinuses, and larynx with five-year survival rates ranging from 12% to 93%. Patients with head and neck cancer typically present with advanced stage III, IVa, or IVb disease and are treated with comprehensive modality including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery. Despite advancements in treatment modality and technique, noisome recurrence, invasiveness, and resistance as well as posttreatment complications severely influence survival rate and quality of life. Thus, new therapeutic strategies are urgently needed that offer enhanced efficacy with less toxicity. ROS in cancer cells plays a vital role in regulating cell death, DNA repair, stemness maintenance, metabolic reprogramming, and tumor microenvironment, all of which have been implicated in resistance to chemo-/radiotherapy of head and neck cancer. Adjusting ROS generation and elimination to reverse the resistance of cancer cells without impairing normal cells show great hope in improving the therapeutic efficacy of chemo-/radiotherapy of head and neck cancer. In the current review, we discuss the pivotal and targetable redox-regulating system including superoxide dismutases (SODs), tripeptide glutathione (GSH), thioredoxin (Trxs), peroxiredoxins (PRXs), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Nrf2/keap1), and mitochondria electron transporter chain (ETC) complexes and their roles in regulating ROS levels and their clinical significance implicated in chemo-/radiotherapy of head and neck cancer. We also summarize several old drugs (referred to as the non-anti-cancer drugs used in other diseases for a long time) and small molecular compounds as well as natural herbs which effectively modulate cellular ROS of head and neck cancer to synergize the efficacy of conventional chemo-/radiotherapy. Emerging interdisciplinary techniques including photodynamic, nanoparticle system, and Bio-Electro-Magnetic-Energy-Regulation (BEMER) therapy are promising measures to broaden the potency of ROS modulation for the benefit of chemo-/radiotherapy in head and neck cancer.
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21
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Cao D, Li XH, Luo XG, Yu HM, Wan LS, Wei L, Ren Y. Phorbol myristate acetate induces cellular senescence in rat microglia in vitro. Int J Mol Med 2020; 46:415-426. [PMID: 32626908 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2020.4587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to establish a cellular model to test the hypothesis that oncogene-induced senescence (OIS) is triggered by aging-related activation of microglia. Primary microglia were incubated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), and β-galactosidase (β-Gal) staining was applied to subsequent assessment of cellular senescence. Moreover, flow cytometry was employed for examinations of cell cycle arrest and senescence-associated proteins, p53 and p21 were measured by western blotting. Furthermore, examination of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) were carried out with microglia supernatants undergoing age-related degenerative diseases in the nervous system, using ELISA. PC12 cells were co-cultured with microglia activated by aging-related alteration(s) to evaluate whether apoptosis was increased in PC12 cells. Cellular senescence-associated β-Gal staining showed that microglial β-Gal expression gradually increased with prolonged PMA stimulation. Microglia in the group receiving 72 h of PMA stimulation displayed the highest percentage of cells arrested in G0/G1, the highest amount of senescence-associated expression of p53 and p21, and the most prominent secretion of TNF-α and IL-1β. In comparison with controls, an increase of apoptotic PC12 cells was detected, which were co-cultured with aging microglia. Taken together, microglia tend to undergo senescence after PMA treatment, suggesting that microglial senescence is associated with inactivation of certain oncogenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Cao
- Department of Geriatrics, The Fourth People's Hospital of Shenyang, Shenyang, Liaoning 110031, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Hong Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Guang Luo
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Mei Yu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Li-Shu Wan
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Dandong, Dandong, Liaoning 118000, P.R. China
| | - Ling Wei
- Department of Geriatrics, The Fourth People's Hospital of Shenyang, Shenyang, Liaoning 110031, P.R. China
| | - Yan Ren
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
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22
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Esmaeili S, Safaroghli-Azar A, Pourbagheri-Sigaroodi A, Salari S, Gharehbaghian A, Hamidpour M, Bashash D. Activation of PPARγ intensified the effects of arsenic trioxide in acute promyelocytic leukemia through the suppression of PI3K/Akt pathway: Proposing a novel anticancer effect for pioglitazone. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2020; 122:105739. [PMID: 32169580 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2020.105739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The indulgent success of arsenic trioxide (ATO) in the induction of complete remission in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) patients has accommodated this agent into the therapeutic protocols. However, the intrusion of unfavorable side effects had put an unanswered question on the way of the application of this agent; whether the benefits of ATO may outweigh its drawbacks. In this study, we found that when ATO is accompanied by an activator of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors gamma (PPARγ), even the lower concentrations could induce significant inhibitory effects on the survival of NB4 through diminishing the ability of the cells to replicate DNA in the S phase of cell cycle. We also found that through suppression of the PI3K pathway, the combination of pioglitazone and ATO provided a signal through which the induction of apoptotic cell death was enhanced probably via the elevation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). With respect to the tight connection between PI3K pathway and autophagy system and given to the inhibitory effect of pioglitazone-plus-ATO on PI3K, we found that the combination of these agents not only suppressed the expression of autophagy-related genes, but also their efficacy was augmented when autophagy was inhibited in NB4; clarifying the encouraging role of autophagy in the survival maintenance of APL cells. In conclusion, given the significant efficacy as well as the safety profile of pioglitazone in potentiating the anticancer effects of chemotherapeutic drugs, the present study suggests it as a promising agent to be used in adjuvant strategy for the treatment of APL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shadi Esmaeili
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ava Safaroghli-Azar
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atieh Pourbagheri-Sigaroodi
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sina Salari
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Taleghani Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Gharehbaghian
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Hamidpour
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Davood Bashash
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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23
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miR-106b-5p promotes cell proliferation and cell cycle progression by directly targeting CDKN1A in osteosarcoma. Exp Ther Med 2020; 19:3203-3210. [PMID: 32266016 PMCID: PMC7132225 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.8574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA (miR)-106b-5p has been reported to act as both an oncogene and tumor suppressor in several tumors. The aim of the present study was to investigate the biological function of miR-106b-5p in osteosarcoma (OS). miR-106b-5p expression was observed to be significantly increased in OS tissues and cell lines. MTT assay and flow cytometry analysis determined that miR-106b-5p inhibitor transfection suppressed OS cell proliferation and induced cell cycle G0/G1 phase arrest. Furthermore, bioinformatics analysis and a luciferase reporter assay demonstrated that cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (CDKN1A) was a potential target of miR-106b-5p. p21 protein expression was found to be significantly increased by miR-106b-5p downregulation in OS cells. Further analysis demonstrated that CDKN1A was downregulated in OS tissues and was negatively correlated with miR-106b-5p expression. Furthermore, upregulation of CDKN1A expression mimicked, whilst CDKN1A knockdown reversed the suppressive effects of miR-106b-5p inhibitor on OS cell proliferation and cell cycle progression. In summary, the present data suggested that miR-106b-5p promotes cell proliferation and cell cycle progression by directly targeting CDKN1A in OS.
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24
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Clement M, Luo L. Organismal Aging and Oxidants beyond Macromolecules Damage. Proteomics 2020; 20:e1800400. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201800400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 10/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marie‐Veronique Clement
- Department of BiochemistryYong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of Singapore Singapore 117596 Singapore
- National University of Singapore Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering Singapore 117456 Singapore
| | - Le Luo
- Department of BiochemistryYong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of Singapore Singapore 117596 Singapore
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25
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Tyagi M, Bauri AK, Chattopadhyay S, Patro BS. Thiol antioxidants sensitize malabaricone C induced cancer cell death via reprogramming redox sensitive p53 and NF-κB proteins in vitro and in vivo. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 148:182-199. [PMID: 31945496 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Specific focus on "redox cancer therapy" by targeting drugs to redox homeostasis of the cancer cells is growing rapidly. Recent clinical studies showed that N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) treatment significantly decreased the metabolic heterogeneity and reduced Ki67 (a proliferation marker) with simultaneous enhancement in apoptosis of tumor cells in patients. However, it is not yet precisely known how thiol antioxidants enhance killing of cancer cells in a context dependent manner. To this end, we showed that a dietary compound, malabaricone C (mal C) generated copious amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and also reduced GSH level in lung cancer cells. Paradoxically, although antioxidants supplementation reduced mal C-induced ROS, thiol-antioxidants (NAC/GSH) restored intracellular GSH level but enhanced DNA DSBs and apoptotic cell death induced by mal C. Our results unraveled two tightly coupled biochemical mechanisms attributing this sensitization process by thiol antioxidants. Firstly, thiol antioxidants enable the "catechol-quinone redox cycle" of mal C and ameliorate ROS generation and bio-molecular damage (DNA and protein). Secondly, thiol antioxidants cause rapid glutathionylation of transcription factors [p53, p65 (NF-κB) etc.], oxidized by mal C, and abrogates their nuclear sequestration and transcription of the anti-apoptotic genes. Furthermore, analyses of the mitochondrial fractions of p53 expressing and silenced cells revealed that cytoplasmic accumulation of glutathionylated p53 (p53-SSG) triggers a robust mitochondrial death process. Interestingly, mutation of redox sensitive cysteine residues at 124, 141 and 182 position in p53 significantly reduces mal C plus NAC mediated sensitization of cancer cells. The preclinical results, in two different tumor models in mice, provides further support our conclusion that NAC is able to sensitize mal C induced suppression of tumor growth in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mrityunjay Tyagi
- Bio-Organic Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, 400094, India
| | - Ajay Kumar Bauri
- Bio-Organic Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | | | - Birija Sankar Patro
- Bio-Organic Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, 400094, India.
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26
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Reid P, Staudacher AH, Marcu LG, Olver I, Moghaddasi L, Brown MP, Bezak E. Influence of the human papillomavirus on the radio-responsiveness of cancer stem cells in head and neck cancers. Sci Rep 2020; 10:2716. [PMID: 32066820 PMCID: PMC7026429 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59654-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A growing proportion of head and neck cancers (HNC) result from HPV infection. Between HNC aetiological groups (HPV positive and HPV negative) clinical evidence demonstrates significantly better treatment response among HPV positive cancers. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are identified in HNC tumour populations as agents of treatment resistance and a target for tumour control. This study examines dynamic responses in populations of a CSC phenotype in HNC cell lines following X-irradiation at therapeutic levels, and comparing between HPV statuses. Variations in CSC density between HPV groups showed no correlation with better clinical outcomes seen in the HPV positive status. CSC populations in HPV positive cell lines ranged from 1.9 to 4.8%, and 2.6 to 9.9% for HPV negative. Following 4 Gy X- irradiation however, HPV negative cell lines demonstrated more frequent and significantly greater escalation in CSC proportions, being 3-fold that of the HPV positive group at 72 hours post irradiation. CSC proportions of tumour populations are not fixed but subject to change in response to radiation at therapeutic dose levels. These findings imply a potential effect of aetiology on radio-responsiveness in CSCs, illustrating that clonogen treatment response may be more informative of therapy outcomes than inherent population density alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Reid
- School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia. .,Cancer Research Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia.
| | - Alexander H Staudacher
- Translational Oncology Laboratory, Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | - Loredana G Marcu
- School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia.,Faculty of Science, University of Oradea, Oradea, 410087, Romania
| | - Ian Olver
- Cancer Research Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | - Leyla Moghaddasi
- Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia.,Department of Medical Physics, GenesisCare, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | - Michael P Brown
- Translational Oncology Laboratory, Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia.,Cancer Clinical Trials Unit, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | - Eva Bezak
- School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia.,Cancer Research Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia.,Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
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27
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Vazquez‐Villaseñor I, Garwood CJ, Heath PR, Simpson JE, Ince PG, Wharton SB. Expression of p16 and p21 in the frontal association cortex of ALS/MND brains suggests neuronal cell cycle dysregulation and astrocyte senescence in early stages of the disease. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2020; 46:171-185. [PMID: 31077599 PMCID: PMC7217199 DOI: 10.1111/nan.12559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Cellular senescence plays a role in organismal ageing and has been linked to persistent DNA damage in age-related diseases. Brain senescence has been described in astrocytes and microglia, but it is less well understood in neurones. Evidence suggests that neurones activate a senescence-like mechanism that could contribute to neurodegeneration. We aimed to determine whether a persistent DNA damage response (DDR) and senescence activation are features of motor neurone disease (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, ALS/MND). METHODS We examined expression of senescence (p16 and p21) and DNA damage markers (8-OHdG and γH2AX) in motor cortex (MCx), frontal association cortex (FACx) and occipital cortex (OCx) in post-mortem tissue donated by patients with ALS/MND and controls. RESULTS Nuclear expression of p16 and p21 was detected in glial cells; double immunofluorescence for p16/p21 and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) suggested that some of these cells were GFAP+ astrocytes. p21 nuclear expression was also found in neurones. Higher levels of p16+ (glia, P = 0.028) and p21+ (glia, P = 0.003; neurones, P = 0.008) cells were found in the FACx of ALS/MND donors but not in the MCx or OCx. Expression of p16 and p21 did not correlate with 8-OHdG or γH2AX. CONCLUSIONS Expression of p16 and p21 in glia, mainly in astrocytes, suggests senescence induction in these cells; however, neuronal p21 expression might reflect a more general mechanism of age-related cell cycle dysregulation. The significantly higher proportion of cells expressing either p16 or p21 in the FACx of ALS/MND donors could indicate senescence activation and cell cycle dysregulation in early stages of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- I. Vazquez‐Villaseñor
- Sheffield Institute for Translational NeuroscienceUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
| | - C. J. Garwood
- Sheffield Institute for Translational NeuroscienceUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
| | - P. R. Heath
- Sheffield Institute for Translational NeuroscienceUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
| | - J. E. Simpson
- Sheffield Institute for Translational NeuroscienceUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
| | - P. G. Ince
- Sheffield Institute for Translational NeuroscienceUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
| | - S. B. Wharton
- Sheffield Institute for Translational NeuroscienceUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
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29
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Boscolo-Rizzo P, Schroeder L, Sacchetto V, Holzinger D, Da Mosto MC, Tirelli G, Dal Cin E, Mantovani M, Menegaldo A, Del Mistro A, Romeo S, Dei Tos AP, Niero M, Rigo S, Dyckhoff G, Hess J, Alemany L, Quer M, León X, Polesel J, Pawlita M, Bertorelle R. Absence of disruptive TP53 mutations in high-risk human papillomavirus-driven neck squamous cell carcinoma of unknown primary. Head Neck 2019; 41:3833-3841. [PMID: 31414564 DOI: 10.1002/hed.25915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To enforce the evidence for causality between high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) infections and neck squamous cell carcinoma from unknown primary (NSCCUP) and provide biological basis for treatment de-intensification, we searched for TP53 mutations in association with HPV status. METHODS TP53 mutations were searched for by amplification of exons 4 to 10. RESULTS Of the 70 NSCCUP, 27 (39%) harbored HPV infection. TP53 sequencing resulted in the identification of 19 patients harboring single mutations including 16 disruptive alterations (84%). The association of TP53 mutations and HPV could be evaluated in 48 NSCCUP including those with disruptive mutation in any exon (n = 16) and those without mutations but with complete sequence of exons 4 to 9 (n = 32): no disruptive mutations were found in the 17 HPV-driven NSCCUP but in 16 of the 31 non-HPV-driven NSCCUP (P = .0002). CONCLUSION In a fraction of cases, NSCCUP is an HPV-driven entity harboring wild-type TP53 gene or nondisruptive TP53 mutations. HPV-driven NSCCUP might benefit from treatment de-intensification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Boscolo-Rizzo
- Department of Neurosciences, Regional Center for Head and Neck Cancer, University of Padova, Azienda ULSS 2 Marca Trevigiana, Treviso, Italy
| | - Lea Schroeder
- Molecular Diagnostics of Oncogenic Infections, Infection, Inflammation and Cancer Program, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Valeria Sacchetto
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Dana Holzinger
- Molecular Diagnostics of Oncogenic Infections, Infection, Inflammation and Cancer Program, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maria Cristina Da Mosto
- Department of Neurosciences, Regional Center for Head and Neck Cancer, University of Padova, Azienda ULSS 2 Marca Trevigiana, Treviso, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Tirelli
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata di Trieste-ASUITS, Trieste, Italy
| | - Elisa Dal Cin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata di Trieste-ASUITS, Trieste, Italy
| | - Monica Mantovani
- Department of Neurosciences, Regional Center for Head and Neck Cancer, University of Padova, Azienda ULSS 2 Marca Trevigiana, Treviso, Italy
| | - Anna Menegaldo
- Department of Neurosciences, Regional Center for Head and Neck Cancer, University of Padova, Azienda ULSS 2 Marca Trevigiana, Treviso, Italy
| | - Annarosa Del Mistro
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Salvatore Romeo
- Department of Pathology, San Donà di Piave Hospital, Azienda ULSS 4 Veneto Orientale, San Donà di Piave, Italy
| | - Angelo Paolo Dei Tos
- Department of Pathology, University of Padova, Azienda ULSS 2 Marca Trevigiana, Treviso, Italy
| | - Monia Niero
- Department of Pathology, University of Padova, Azienda ULSS 2 Marca Trevigiana, Treviso, Italy
| | - Stefania Rigo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata di Trieste-ASUITS, Trieste, Italy
| | - Gerhard Dyckhoff
- Molecular Cell Biology Group, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jochen Hess
- Section Experimental and Translational Head and Neck Oncology, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg and Molecular Mechanism of Head and Neck Tumors, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Laia Alemany
- Unit of Infections and Cancer, Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red: Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Miquel Quer
- Servicio de Otorrinolaringología, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Carrer de Sant Quintí, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier León
- Servicio de Otorrinolaringología, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Carrer de Sant Quintí, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jerry Polesel
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Michael Pawlita
- Molecular Diagnostics of Oncogenic Infections, Infection, Inflammation and Cancer Program, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Roberta Bertorelle
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padova, Italy
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Alsahafi E, Begg K, Amelio I, Raulf N, Lucarelli P, Sauter T, Tavassoli M. Clinical update on head and neck cancer: molecular biology and ongoing challenges. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:540. [PMID: 31308358 PMCID: PMC6629629 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1769-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 301] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) are an aggressive, genetically complex and difficult to treat group of cancers. In lieu of truly effective targeted therapies, surgery and radiotherapy represent the primary treatment options for most patients. But these treatments are associated with significant morbidity and a reduction in quality of life. Resistance to both radiotherapy and the only available targeted therapy, and subsequent relapse are common. Research has therefore focussed on identifying biomarkers to stratify patients into clinically meaningful groups and to develop more effective targeted therapies. However, as we are now discovering, the poor response to therapy and aggressive nature of HNSCCs is not only affected by the complex alterations in intracellular signalling pathways but is also heavily influenced by the behaviour of the extracellular microenvironment. The HNSCC tumour landscape is an environment permissive of these tumours' aggressive nature, fostered by the actions of the immune system, the response to tumour hypoxia and the influence of the microbiome. Solving these challenges now rests on expanding our knowledge of these areas, in parallel with a greater understanding of the molecular biology of HNSCC subtypes. This update aims to build on our earlier 2014 review by bringing up to date our understanding of the molecular biology of HNSCCs and provide insights into areas of ongoing research and perspectives for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Alsahafi
- Head and Neck Oncology Group, Centre for Host Microbiome Interaction, King's College London, Hodgkin Building, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Katheryn Begg
- Head and Neck Oncology Group, Centre for Host Microbiome Interaction, King's College London, Hodgkin Building, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Ivano Amelio
- Medical Research Council, Toxicology Unit, Leicester University, Leicester, LE1 9HN, UK
| | - Nina Raulf
- Head and Neck Oncology Group, Centre for Host Microbiome Interaction, King's College London, Hodgkin Building, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Philippe Lucarelli
- Faculté des Sciences, de La Technologie et de La Communication, University of Luxembourg, 6, Avenue Du Swing, Belvaux, 4367, Luxembourg
| | - Thomas Sauter
- Faculté des Sciences, de La Technologie et de La Communication, University of Luxembourg, 6, Avenue Du Swing, Belvaux, 4367, Luxembourg
| | - Mahvash Tavassoli
- Head and Neck Oncology Group, Centre for Host Microbiome Interaction, King's College London, Hodgkin Building, London, SE1 1UL, UK.
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31
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Lindemann A, Patel AA, Silver NL, Tang L, Liu Z, Wang L, Tanaka N, Rao X, Takahashi H, Maduka NK, Zhao M, Chen TC, Liu W, Gao M, Wang J, Frank SJ, Hittelman WN, Mills GB, Myers JN, Osman AA. COTI-2, A Novel Thiosemicarbazone Derivative, Exhibits Antitumor Activity in HNSCC through p53-dependent and -independent Mechanisms. Clin Cancer Res 2019; 25:5650-5662. [PMID: 31308060 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-19-0096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE TP53 mutations are highly prevalent in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and associated with increased resistance to conventional treatment primarily consisting of chemotherapy and radiation. Restoration of wild-type p53 function in TP53-mutant cancer cells represents an attractive therapeutic approach and has been explored in recent years. In this study, the efficacy of a putative p53 reactivator called COTI-2 was evaluated in HNSCC cell lines with different TP53 status.Experimental Design: Clonogenic survival assays and an orthotopic mouse model of oral cancer were used to examine in vitro and in vivo sensitivity of HNSCC cell lines with either wild-type, null, or mutant TP53 to COTI-2 alone, and in combination with cisplatin and/or radiation. Western blotting, cell cycle, live-cell imaging, RNA sequencing, reverse-phase protein array, chromatin immunoprecipitation, and apoptosis analyses were performed to dissect molecular mechanisms. RESULTS COTI-2 decreased clonogenic survival of HNSCC cells and potentiated response to cisplatin and/or radiation in vitro and in vivo irrespective of TP53 status. Mechanistically, COTI-2 normalized wild-type p53 target gene expression and restored DNA-binding properties to the p53-mutant protein in HNSCC. In addition, COTI-2 induced DNA damage and replication stress responses leading to apoptosis and/or senescence. Furthermore, COTI-2 lead to activation of AMPK and inhibition of the mTOR pathways in vitro in HNSCC cells. CONCLUSIONS COTI-2 inhibits tumor growth in vitro and in vivo in HNSCC likely through p53-dependent and p53-independent mechanisms. Combination of COTI-2 with cisplatin or radiation may be highly relevant in treating patients with HNSCC harboring TP53 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antje Lindemann
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Ameeta A Patel
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Natalie L Silver
- Department of Otolaryngology, Division of Head and Neck Oncologic Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Lin Tang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, The University of Arizona Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Zhiyi Liu
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Noriaki Tanaka
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Osaka Police Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Xiayu Rao
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Hideaki Takahashi
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Nakachi K Maduka
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Mei Zhao
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Tseng-Cheng Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - WeiWei Liu
- Department of Oral Surgery, School of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Meng Gao
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Steven J Frank
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Walter N Hittelman
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer, Houston, Texas
| | - Gordon B Mills
- Oregon Health & Science University, Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, Oregon
| | - Jeffrey N Myers
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
| | - Abdullah A Osman
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
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32
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Fu R, Yang P, Sajid A, Li Z. Avenanthramide A Induces Cellular Senescence via miR-129-3p/Pirh2/p53 Signaling Pathway To Suppress Colon Cancer Growth. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:4808-4816. [PMID: 30888162 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b00833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Cellular senescence is the state of irreversible cell cycle arrest that provides a blockade during oncogenic transformation and tumor development. Avenanthramide A (AVN A) is an active ingredient exclusively extracted from oats, which possesses antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activities. However, the underlying mechanism(s) of AVN A in the prevention of cancer progression remains unclear. In the current study, we revealed that AVN A notably attenuated tumor formation in an azoxymethane/dextran sulfate sodium (AOM/DSS) mouse model. AVN A treatment triggered cellular senescence in human colon cancer cells, evidenced by enlarging cellular size, upregulating β-galactosidase activity, γ-H2AX positive staining, and G1 phase arrest. Moreover, AVN A treatment significantly increased the expression of miR-129-3p, which markedly repressed the E3 ubiquitin ligase Pirh2 and two other targets, IGF2BP3 and CDK6. The Pirh2 silencing by miR-129-3p led to a significant increase in protein levels of p53 and its downstream target p21, which subsequently induced cell senescence. Taken together, our data indicate that miR-129-3p/Pirh2/p53 is a critical signaling pathway in AVN A induced cellular senescence and AVN A could be a potential chemopreventive strategy for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Fu
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education , Shanxi University , Taiyuan 030006 , People's Republic of China
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences , Shanxi University , Taiyuan 030006 , People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Yang
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education , Shanxi University , Taiyuan 030006 , People's Republic of China
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences , Shanxi University , Taiyuan 030006 , People's Republic of China
| | - Amin Sajid
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education , Shanxi University , Taiyuan 030006 , People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuoyu Li
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education , Shanxi University , Taiyuan 030006 , People's Republic of China
- School of Life Sciences , Shanxi University , Taiyuan 030006 , People's Republic of China
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33
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Frisch J, Angenendt A, Hoth M, Prates Roma L, Lis A. STIM-Orai Channels and Reactive Oxygen Species in the Tumor Microenvironment. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:E457. [PMID: 30935064 PMCID: PMC6520831 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11040457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) is shaped by cancer and noncancerous cells, the extracellular matrix, soluble factors, and blood vessels. Interactions between the cells, matrix, soluble factors, and blood vessels generate this complex heterogeneous microenvironment. The TME may be metabolically beneficial or unbeneficial for tumor growth, it may favor or not favor a productive immune response against tumor cells, or it may even favor conditions suited to hijacking the immune system for benefitting tumor growth. Soluble factors relevant for TME include oxygen, reactive oxygen species (ROS), ATP, Ca2+, H⁺, growth factors, or cytokines. Ca2+ plays a prominent role in the TME because its concentration is directly linked to cancer cell proliferation, apoptosis, or migration but also to immune cell function. Stromal-interaction molecules (STIM)-activated Orai channels are major Ca2+ entry channels in cancer cells and immune cells, they are upregulated in many tumors, and they are strongly regulated by ROS. Thus, STIM and Orai are interesting candidates to regulate cancer cell fate in the TME. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge about the function of ROS and STIM/Orai in cancer cells; discuss their interdependencies; and propose new hypotheses how TME, ROS, and Orai channels influence each other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janina Frisch
- Department of Biophysics, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, Medical Faculty, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany.
- Center for Human and Molecular Biology, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany.
| | - Adrian Angenendt
- Department of Biophysics, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, Medical Faculty, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany.
| | - Markus Hoth
- Department of Biophysics, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, Medical Faculty, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany.
| | - Leticia Prates Roma
- Department of Biophysics, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, Medical Faculty, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany.
- Center for Human and Molecular Biology, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany.
| | - Annette Lis
- Department of Biophysics, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, Medical Faculty, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany.
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Reid P, Marcu LG, Olver I, Moghaddasi L, Staudacher AH, Bezak E. Diversity of cancer stem cells in head and neck carcinomas: The role of HPV in cancer stem cell heterogeneity, plasticity and treatment response. Radiother Oncol 2019; 135:1-12. [PMID: 31015153 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2019.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) resulting from oncogenic transformations following human papillomavirus (HPV) infection consistently demonstrate better treatment outcomes than HNSCC from other aetiologies. Squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx (OPSCC) shows the highest prevalence of HPV involvement at around 70-80%. While strongly prognostic, HPV status alone is not sufficient to predict therapy response or any potential dose de-escalation. Cancer stem cell (CSC) populations within these tumour types represent the most therapy-resistant cells and are the source of recurrence and metastases, setting a benchmark for tumour control. This review examines clinical and preclinical evidence of differences in response to treatment by the HPV statuses of HNSCC and the role played by CSCs in treatment resistance and their repopulation from non-CSCs. Evidence was collated from literature searches of PubMed, Scopus and Ovid for differential treatment response by HPV status and contribution by critical biomarkers including CSC fractions and chemo-radiosensitivity. While HPV and CSC are yet to fulfil promise as biomarkers of treatment response, understanding how HPV positive and negative aetiologies affect CSC response to treatment and tumour plasticity will facilitate their use for greater treatment individualisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Reid
- School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia; Cancer Research Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia.
| | - Loredana G Marcu
- School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia; Faculty of Science, University of Oradea, Romania
| | - Ian Olver
- Cancer Research Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Leyla Moghaddasi
- Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Australia; Genesis Care, Department of Medical Physics, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Alexander H Staudacher
- Translational Oncology Laboratory, Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia; School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Australia
| | - Eva Bezak
- School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia; Cancer Research Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia; Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Australia
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35
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Murray D, Mirzayans R, McBride WH. Defenses against Pro-oxidant Forces - Maintenance of Cellular and Genomic Integrity and Longevity. Radiat Res 2018; 190:331-349. [PMID: 30040046 PMCID: PMC6203329 DOI: 10.1667/rr15101.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
There has been enormous recent progress in understanding how human cells respond to oxidative stress, such as that caused by exposure to ionizing radiation. We have witnessed a significant deciphering of the events that underlie how antioxidant responses counter pro-oxidant damage to key biological targets in all cellular compartments, including the genome and mitochondria. These cytoprotective responses include: 1. The basal cellular repertoire of antioxidant capabilities and its supporting cast of facilitator enzymes; and 2. The inducible phase of the antioxidant response, notably that mediated by the Nrf2 transcription factor. There has also been frenetic progress in defining how reactive electrophilic species swamp existing protective mechanisms to augment DNA damage, events that are embodied in the cellular "DNA-damage response", including cell cycle checkpoint activation and DNA repair, which occur on a time scale of hours to days, as well as the implementation of cellular responses such as apoptosis, autophagy, senescence and reprograming that extend the time period of damage sensing and response into weeks, months and years. It has become apparent that, in addition to the initial oxidative insult, cells typically undergo further waves of secondary reactive oxygen/nitrogen species generation, DNA damage and signaling and that these may reemerge long after the initial events have subsided, probably being driven, at least in part, by persisting DNA damage. These reactive oxygen/nitrogen species are an integral part of the pathological consequences of radiation exposure and may persist across multiple cell divisions. Because of the pervasive nature of oxidative stress, a cell will manifest different responses in different subcellular compartments and to different levels of stress injury. Aspects of these compartmentalized responses can involve the same proteins (such as ATM, p53 and p21) but in different functional guises, e.g., in cytoplasmic versus nuclear responses or in early- versus late-phase events. Many of these responses involve gene activation and new protein synthesis as well as a plethora of post-translational modifications of both basal and induced response proteins. It is these responses that we focus on in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Murray
- Department of Oncology, Division of Experimental Oncology, University of Alberta and Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Razmik Mirzayans
- Department of Oncology, Division of Experimental Oncology, University of Alberta and Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Canada
| | - William H. McBride
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California
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36
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Bonam SR, Wu YS, Tunki L, Chellian R, Halmuthur MSK, Muller S, Pandy V. What Has Come out from Phytomedicines and Herbal Edibles for the Treatment of Cancer? ChemMedChem 2018; 13:1854-1872. [PMID: 29927521 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201800343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Several modern treatment strategies have been adopted to combat cancer with the aim of minimizing toxicity. Medicinal plant-based compounds with the potential to treat cancer have been widely studied in preclinical research and have elicited many innovations in cutting-edge clinical research. In parallel, researchers have eagerly tried to decrease the toxicity of current chemotherapeutic agents either by combining them with herbals or in using herbals alone. The aim of this article is to present an update of medicinal plants and their bioactive compounds, or mere changes in the bioactive compounds, along with herbal edibles, which display efficacy against diverse cancer cells and in anticancer therapy. It describes the basic mechanism(s) of action of phytochemicals used either alone or in combination therapy with other phytochemicals or herbal edibles. This review also highlights the remarkable synergistic effects that arise between certain herbals and chemotherapeutic agents used in oncology. The anticancer phytochemicals used in clinical research are also described; furthermore, we discuss our own experience related to semisynthetic derivatives, which are developed based on phytochemicals. Overall, this compilation is intended to facilitate research and development projects on phytopharmaceuticals for successful anticancer drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivasa Reddy Bonam
- UMR 7242 CNRS, Biotechnology and Cell Signaling, University of Strasbourg, Laboratory of Excellence Medalis, Illkirch, 67400, France.,Vaccine Immunology Laboratory, Natural Product Chemistry Division, CSIR - Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Hyderabad, 500007, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR - Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | - Yuan Seng Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Lakshmi Tunki
- Vaccine Immunology Laboratory, Natural Product Chemistry Division, CSIR - Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | - Ranjithkumar Chellian
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mahabalarao Sampath Kumar Halmuthur
- Vaccine Immunology Laboratory, Natural Product Chemistry Division, CSIR - Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Hyderabad, 500007, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR - Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | - Sylviane Muller
- UMR 7242 CNRS, Biotechnology and Cell Signaling, University of Strasbourg, Laboratory of Excellence Medalis, Illkirch, 67400, France.,University of Strasbourg Institute for Advanced Study (USIAS), Strasbourg, 67000, France
| | - Vijayapandi Pandy
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Department of Pharmacology, Chalapathi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lam, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, 522034, India
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37
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Solé M, Balcells C, Crespo M, Quirante J, Badia J, Baldomà L, Font-Bardia M, Cascante M. Synthesis, characterization and biological activity of new cyclometallated platinum(iv) complexes containing a para-tolyl ligand. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:8956-8971. [PMID: 29922789 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt01124a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of three new cyclometallated platinum(ii) compounds containing a para-tolyl ligand and a tridentate [C,N,N'] (cm1) or a bidentate [C,N] ligand and an additional ligand such as SEt2 (cm2) or PPh3 (cm3) is reported. The X-ray molecular structure of platinum(ii) compound cm3 is also presented. Intermolecular oxidative addition of methyl iodide or iodine upon cm1, cm2 and cm3 produced six novel cyclometallated platinum(iv) compounds. The cytotoxic activity against a panel of human adenocarcinoma cell lines (A-549 lung, MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 breast, and HCT-116 colon), DNA interaction, topoisomerase I, IIα, and cathepsin B inhibition, and cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and ROS generation of the investigated complexes are presented. The best results for antiproliferative activity were obtained for platinum(iv) compounds cm1MeI and cm1I2 arising from oxidative addition of methyl iodide and iodine, respectively, to cm1. Cyclometallated platinum(iv) compounds cm1MeI and cm3MeI induce significant changes in the mobility of DNA and, in addition, cm1MeI, cm3MeI and cm1I2, showed considerable topoisomerase IIα inhibitory activity. Moreover, the compounds exhibiting the higher antiproliferative activity (cm1MeI and cm1I2) were found to generate ROS and to supress HCT-116 colon cancer cell growth by a mixture of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induction. 1H NMR experiments carried out in a buffered aqueous medium (pH 7.40) indicate that compound cm1MeI is not reduced by common biologically relevant reducing agents such as ascorbic acid, glutathione or cysteine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mònica Solé
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Secció de Química Inorgànica, Facultat de Química, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 645, 08028-Barcelona, Spain.
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38
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Hang W, Yin ZX, Liu G, Zeng Q, Shen XF, Sun QH, Li DD, Jian YP, Zhang YH, Wang YS, Quan CS, Zhao RX, Li YL, Xu ZX. Piperlongumine and p53-reactivator APR-246 selectively induce cell death in HNSCC by targeting GSTP1. Oncogene 2018; 37:3384-3398. [PMID: 29348462 PMCID: PMC6014869 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-017-0110-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
TP53 mutations frequently occur in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients without human papillomavirus infection. The recurrence rate for these patients is distinctly high. It has been actively explored to identify agents that target TP53 mutations and restore wild-type (WT) TP53 activities in HNSCC. PRIMA-1 (p53-reactivation and induction of massive apoptosis-1) and its methylated analogue PRIMA-1Met (also called APR-246) were found to be able to reestablish the DNA-binding activity of p53 mutants and reinstate the functions of WT p53. Herein we report that piperlongumine (PL), an alkaloid isolated from Piper longum L., synergizes with APR-246 to selectively induce apoptosis and autophagic cell death in HNSCC cells, whereas primary and immortalized mouse embryonic fibroblasts and spontaneously immortalized non-tumorigenic human skin keratinocytes (HaCat) are spared from the damage by the co-treatment. Interestingly, PL-sensitized HNSCC cells to APR-246 are TP53 mutation-independent. Instead, we demonstrated that glutathione S-transferase pi 1 (GSTP1), a GST family member that catalyzes the conjugation of GSH with electrophilic compounds to fulfill its detoxification function, is highly expressed in HNSCC tissues. Administration of PL and APR-246 significantly suppresses GSTP1 activity, resulting in the accumulation of ROS, depletion of GSH, elevation of GSSG, and DNA damage. Ectopic expression of GSTP1 or pre-treatment with antioxidant N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) abrogates the ROS elevation and decreases DNA damage, apoptosis, and autophagic cell death prompted by PL/APR-246. In addition, administration of PL and APR-246 impedes UMSCC10A xenograft tumor growth in SCID mice. Taken together, our data suggest that HNSCC cells are selectively sensitive to the combination of PL and APR-246 due to a remarkably synergistic effect of the co-treatment in the induction of ROS by suppression of GSTP1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Hang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, No. 6 Jizhao Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin, 300350, China
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Zhi-Xian Yin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, No. 6 Jizhao Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, No. 6 Jizhao Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Qinghua Zeng
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiang-Feng Shen
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Qian-Hui Sun
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Dong-Dong Li
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yong-Ping Jian
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yang-He Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yi-Shu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Cheng-Shi Quan
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Rui-Xun Zhao
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Yu-Lin Li
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhi-Xiang Xu
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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39
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Reid P, Wilson P, Li Y, Marcu LG, Staudacher AH, Brown MP, Bezak E. Experimental investigation of radiobiology in head and neck cancer cell lines as a function of HPV status, by MTT assay. Sci Rep 2018; 8:7744. [PMID: 29773816 PMCID: PMC5958086 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-26134-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck cancers (HNCs) are aggressive epithelial tumours frequently treated using radiation. HNC biology shows distinctions dependent on the oncologic involvement of the human papilloma virus (HPV). Clinically, HPV positive HNCs respond better to radiotherapy but few in vitro data demonstrate radiobiological differences explaining differences in clinical outcomes. This pilot study examined radiobiological responses to irradiation and subsequent regeneration in two HNC cell lines (HPV positive and negative). A novel approach was taken to develop generational cultures of HNC cell lines, UM-SCC-1 (HPV negative) and UM-SCC-47 (HPV positive). MTT assays were used to determine surviving metabolic activity as a function of dose following 6 MV X-ray irradiation. Parallel cultures surviving 4 Gy irradiation (not analysed) were re-cultured and passaged to develop subsequent generations which were re-irradiated and analysed for generational change in radiation response. Second and 3rd generations of UM-SCC-1 showed decreasing metabolic activity with dose but little difference was evident in surviving fractions between these generations. Significantly lower metabolic activity in the 3rd generation at <6 Gy, compared to the 2nd generation, showed UM-SCC-47 becoming progressively more radiosensitive. HPV positive UM-SCC-47 showed generational progression in radiosensitisation not seen in the HPV negative UM-SCC-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Reid
- School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia. .,Cancer Research Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia.
| | - Puthenparampil Wilson
- School of Engineering, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia.,Department of Medical Physics, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Yanrui Li
- Cancer Research Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Loredana G Marcu
- School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia.,Faculty of Science, University of Oradea, Oradea, 410087, Romania
| | - Alexander H Staudacher
- Translational Oncology Laboratory, Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Michael P Brown
- Translational Oncology Laboratory, Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.,Cancer Clinical Trials Unit, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Eva Bezak
- School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia.,School of Physical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.,Cancer Research Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
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40
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Redox control in cancer development and progression. Mol Aspects Med 2018; 63:88-98. [PMID: 29501614 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is the leading cause of death worldwide after cardiovascular diseases. This has been the case for the last few decades despite there being an increase in the number of cancer treatments. One reason for the apparent lack of drug effectiveness might be, at least in part, due to unspecificity for tumors; which often leads to substantial side effects. One way to improve the treatment of cancer is to increase the specificity of the treatment in accordance with the concept of individualized medicine. This will help to prevent further progression of an existing cancer or even to reduce the tumor burden. Alternatively it would be much more attractive and efficient to prevent the development of cancer in the first place. Therefore, it is important to understand the risk factors and the mechanisms of carcinogenesis in detail. One such risk factor, often associated with tumorigenesis and tumor progression, is an increased abundance of reactive oxygen species (ROS) arising from an imbalance of ROS-producing and -eliminating components. A surplus of ROS can induce oxidative damage of macromolecules including proteins, lipids and DNA. In contrast, ROS are essential for an adequate signal transduction and are known to regulate crucial cellular processes like cellular quiescence, differentiation and even apoptosis. Therefore, regulated ROS-formation at physiological levels can inhibit tumor formation and progression. With this review we provide an overview on the current knowledge of redox control in cancer development and progression.
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41
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Ma J, Li Y, Wu M, Li X. Oxidative stress-mediated p53/p21 WAF1/CIP1 pathway may be involved in microcystin-LR-induced cytotoxicity in HepG2 cells. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 194:773-783. [PMID: 29248874 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.12.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2017] [Revised: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A previous study showed that microcystin-LR (MC-LR) exerted cytotoxicity and induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells. In the present study, we investigated whether oxidative stress-mediated p53/p21WAF1/CIP1 is involved in this process to further elucidate the mechanism of cytotoxicity induced by MC-LR. Morphological evaluation showed that MC-LR induced time- and dose-dependent cytotoxicity in HepG2 cells. Biochemical assays revealed that MC-LR exposure altered the protein levels of HSP70 and HSP90, generally inhibited superoxide dismutase and catalase, reduced glutathione content, and increased the cellular malondialdehyde level of HepG2 cells, suggesting that MC-LR may induce biochemical disturbance and oxidative stress in HepG2 cells. The protein levels of p-p53 and p21 were markedly increased by MC-LR exposure in a concentration-dependent manner, suggesting that p53 and p21 may be involved in the process. Moreover, we also found that the proto-oncogene c-myc was significantly activated in HepG2 cells following MC-LR exposure, indicating that c-myc in HepG2 cells was potentially involved in response to MC-LR-induced apoptosis. These findings may contribute to further understanding the in vitro molecular mechanism of MC-LR hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junguo Ma
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Mengli Wu
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China.
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42
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Agostini M, Annicchiarico-Petruzzelli M, Melino G, Rufini A. Metabolic pathways regulated by TAp73 in response to oxidative stress. Oncotarget 2017; 7:29881-900. [PMID: 27119504 PMCID: PMC5058650 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/16/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species are involved in both physiological and pathological processes including neurodegeneration and cancer. Therefore, cells have developed scavenging mechanisms to maintain redox homeostasis under control. Tumor suppressor genes play a critical role in the regulation of antioxidant genes. Here, we investigated whether the tumor suppressor gene TAp73 is involved in the regulation of metabolic adaptations triggered in response to oxidative stress. H2O2 treatment resulted in numerous biochemical changes in both control and TAp73 knockout (TAp73−/−) mouse embryonic fibroblasts, however the extent of these changes was more pronounced in TAp73−/− cells when compared to control cells. In particular, loss of TAp73 led to alterations in glucose, nucleotide and amino acid metabolism. In addition, H2O2 treatment resulted in increased pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) activity in null mouse embryonic fibroblasts. Overall, our results suggest that in the absence of TAp73, H2O2 treatment results in an enhanced oxidative environment, and at the same time in an increased pro-anabolic phenotype. In conclusion, the metabolic profile observed reinforces the role of TAp73 as tumor suppressor and indicates that TAp73 exerts this function, at least partially, by regulation of cellular metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimiliano Agostini
- Medical Research Council, Toxicology Unit, Leicester University, Leicester, UK.,Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | | | - Gerry Melino
- Medical Research Council, Toxicology Unit, Leicester University, Leicester, UK.,Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Rufini
- Department of Cancer Studies, CRUK Leicester Cancer Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
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43
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Aliper A, Belikov AV, Garazha A, Jellen L, Artemov A, Suntsova M, Ivanova A, Venkova L, Borisov N, Buzdin A, Mamoshina P, Putin E, Swick AG, Moskalev A, Zhavoronkov A. In search for geroprotectors: in silico screening and in vitro validation of signalome-level mimetics of young healthy state. Aging (Albany NY) 2017; 8:2127-2152. [PMID: 27677171 PMCID: PMC5076455 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Populations in developed nations throughout the world are rapidly aging, and the search for geroprotectors, or anti-aging interventions, has never been more important. Yet while hundreds of geroprotectors have extended lifespan in animal models, none have yet been approved for widespread use in humans. GeroScope is a computational tool that can aid prediction of novel geroprotectors from existing human gene expression data. GeroScope maps expression differences between samples from young and old subjects to aging-related signaling pathways, then profiles pathway activation strength (PAS) for each condition. Known substances are then screened and ranked for those most likely to target differential pathways and mimic the young signalome. Here we used GeroScope and shortlisted ten substances, all of which have lifespan-extending effects in animal models, and tested 6 of them for geroprotective effects in senescent human fibroblast cultures. PD-98059, a highly selective MEK1 inhibitor, showed both life-prolonging and rejuvenating effects. Natural compounds like N-acetyl-L-cysteine, Myricetin and Epigallocatechin gallate also improved several senescence-associated properties and were further investigated with pathway analysis. This work not only highlights several potential geroprotectors for further study, but also serves as a proof-of-concept for GeroScope, Oncofinder and other PAS-based methods in streamlining drug prediction, repurposing and personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Aliper
- Insilico Medicine, Inc, Research Department, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Aleksey V Belikov
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, 141700, Russia
| | - Andrew Garazha
- Insilico Medicine, Inc, Research Department, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.,Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, 141700, Russia.,Center for Biogerontology and Regenerative Medicine, Moscow, 121099, Russia
| | - Leslie Jellen
- Insilico Medicine, Inc, Research Department, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.,Genetics, Genomics, and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Artem Artemov
- Insilico Medicine, Inc, Research Department, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Maria Suntsova
- D. Rogachev Federal Research and Clinical Center for Pediatric Hematology, Oncology, and Immunology, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Alena Ivanova
- D. Rogachev Federal Research and Clinical Center for Pediatric Hematology, Oncology, and Immunology, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Larisa Venkova
- Insilico Medicine, Inc, Research Department, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.,Pathway Pharmaceuticals, Ltd, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Nicolas Borisov
- Insilico Medicine, Inc, Research Department, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.,Pathway Pharmaceuticals, Ltd, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Anton Buzdin
- Pathway Pharmaceuticals, Ltd, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Polina Mamoshina
- Insilico Medicine, Inc, Research Department, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Evgeny Putin
- Insilico Medicine, Inc, Research Department, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | | | - Alexey Moskalev
- Insilico Medicine, Inc, Research Department, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.,Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, 141700, Russia.,Laboratory of Molecular Radiobiology and Gerontology, Institute of Biology of Komi Science Center of Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Syktyvkar, 167982, Russia.,School of Systems Biology, George Mason University (GMU), Fairfax, VA 22030, USA.,Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Alex Zhavoronkov
- Insilico Medicine, Inc, Research Department, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.,The Biogerontology Research Foundation, Oxford, UK
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44
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Reid P, Wilson P, Li Y, Marcu LG, Staudacher AH, Brown MP, Bezak E. In vitro investigation of head and neck cancer stem cell proportions and their changes following X-ray irradiation as a function of HPV status. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0186186. [PMID: 29028842 PMCID: PMC5640219 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0186186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Some head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) have a distinct aetiology, which depends on the presence of oncogenic human papilloma virus (HPV). Also, HNSCC contains cancer stem cells (CSCs) that have greater radioresistance and capacity to change replication dynamics in response to irradiation compared to non-clonogenic cells. Since there is limited data on CSCs in HNSCC as a function of HPV status, better understanding of their radiobiology may enable improved treatment outcome. METHODS Baseline and post-irradiation changes in CSC proportions were investigated by flow cytometry in a HPV-negative (UM-SCC-1) and a HPV-positive (UM-SCC-47) HNSCC cell line, using fluorescent staining with CD44/ALDH markers. CSC proportions in both irradiated and unirradiated cultures were compared for the two cell lines at various times post-irradiation. To assess repopulation of CSCs, untreated cultures were depleted of CD44+/ALDH+ cells and re-cultured for 3 weeks before flow cytometry analysis. RESULTS CSC proportions in untreated cell lines were 0.57% (UM-SCC-1) and 2.87% (UM-SCC-47). Untreated cell lines depleted of CD44+/ALDH+ repopulated this phenotype to a mean of 0.15% (UM-SCC-1) and 6.76% (UM-SCC-47). All UM-SCC-47 generations showed elevated CSC proportions after irradiation, with the most significant increase at 2 days post-irradiation. The highest elevation in UM-SCC-1 CSCs was observed at 1 day post-irradiation in the 2nd generation and at 3 days after irradiation in the 3rd generation. When measured after 10 days, only the 3rd generation of UM-SCC-1 showed elevated CSCs. CONCLUSIONS CSC proportions in both cell lines were elevated after exposure and varied with time post irradiation. UM-SCC-47 displayed significant plasticity in repopulating the CSC phenotype in depleted cultures, which was not seen in UM-SCC-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Reid
- School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
- Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
- * E-mail:
| | - Puthenparampil Wilson
- School of Engineering, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
- Department of Medical Physics, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Yanrui Li
- Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Loredana G. Marcu
- School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
- Faculty of Science, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania
| | - Alexander H. Staudacher
- Translational Oncology Laboratory, Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology, and University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Michael P. Brown
- Translational Oncology Laboratory, Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology, and University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
- Cancer Clinical Trials Unit, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Eva Bezak
- School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
- Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
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45
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Kim YY, Jee HJ, Um JH, Kim YM, Bae SS, Yun J. Cooperation between p21 and Akt is required for p53-dependent cellular senescence. Aging Cell 2017; 16:1094-1103. [PMID: 28691365 PMCID: PMC5595696 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence has been implicated in normal aging, tissue homeostasis, and tumor suppression. Although p53 has been shown to be a central mediator of cellular senescence, the signaling pathway by which it induces senescence remains incompletely understood. In this study, we have shown that both Akt and p21 are required to induce cellular senescence in response to p53 expression. In a p53-induced senescence model, we found that Akt activation was essential for inducing a cellular senescence phenotype. Surprisingly, Akt inhibition did not abolish p53-induced cell cycle arrest, but it suppressed the increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. The results of the cell cycle and morphological analysis suggest that p53 induced quiescence, not senescence, following Akt inhibition. Conversely, the inhibition of p21 induction abolished cell cycle arrest but did not affect the p53-induced increase in ROS levels. Additionally, p21 and Akt separately controlled cell cycle arrest and ROS levels, respectively, during H-Ras-induced senescence in human normal fibroblasts. The mechanistic analysis revealed that Akt increased ROS levels through NOX4 induction, and increased Akt-dependent NF-κB binding to the NOX4 promoter is responsible for NOX4 induction upon p53 expression. We further showed that Akt activation upon p53 expression is mediated by mammalian target of rapamycin complex 2. In addition, p53-mediated IL6 and IL8 induction was abrogated by Akt inhibition, suggesting that Akt activation is also required for the senescence-associated secretory phenotype. Collectively, these results suggest that p53 simultaneously controls multiple pathways to induce cellular senescence through p21 and Akt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Yeon Kim
- Peripheral Neuropathy Research Center; College of Medicine; Dong-A University; Busan 49201 Korea
- Department of Biochemistry; College of Medicine; Dong-A University; Busan 49201 Korea
| | - Hye Jin Jee
- Peripheral Neuropathy Research Center; College of Medicine; Dong-A University; Busan 49201 Korea
- Department of Biochemistry; College of Medicine; Dong-A University; Busan 49201 Korea
| | - Jee-Hyun Um
- Peripheral Neuropathy Research Center; College of Medicine; Dong-A University; Busan 49201 Korea
- Department of Biochemistry; College of Medicine; Dong-A University; Busan 49201 Korea
| | - Young Mi Kim
- Peripheral Neuropathy Research Center; College of Medicine; Dong-A University; Busan 49201 Korea
- Department of Biochemistry; College of Medicine; Dong-A University; Busan 49201 Korea
| | - Sun Sik Bae
- Department of Pharmacology; School of Medicine; Pusan National University; Yangsan-si 602-739 Korea
| | - Jeanho Yun
- Peripheral Neuropathy Research Center; College of Medicine; Dong-A University; Busan 49201 Korea
- Department of Biochemistry; College of Medicine; Dong-A University; Busan 49201 Korea
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46
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Sznarkowska A, Kostecka A, Meller K, Bielawski KP. Inhibition of cancer antioxidant defense by natural compounds. Oncotarget 2017; 8:15996-16016. [PMID: 27911871 PMCID: PMC5362541 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
All classic, non-surgical anticancer approaches like chemotherapy, radiotherapy or photodynamic therapy kill cancer cells by inducing severe oxidative stress. Even tough chemo- and radiotherapy are still a gold standard in cancer treatment, the identification of non-toxic compounds that enhance their selectivity, would allow for lowering their doses, reduce side effects and risk of second cancers. Many natural products have the ability to sensitize cancer cells to oxidative stress induced by chemo- and radiotherapy by limiting antioxidant capacity of cancer cells. Blocking antioxidant defense in tumors decreases their ability to balance oxidative insult and results in cell death. Though one should bear in mind that the same natural compound often exerts both anti-oxidant and pro-oxidant properties, depending on concentration used, cell type, exposure time and environmental conditions. Here we present a comprehensive overview of natural products that inhibit major antioxidant defense mechanisms in cancer cells and discuss their potential in clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicja Sznarkowska
- Department of Biotechnology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Anna Kostecka
- Department of Biotechnology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Meller
- Department of Biotechnology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Piotr Bielawski
- Department of Biotechnology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
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47
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Reid PA, Wilson P, Li Y, Marcu LG, Bezak E. Current understanding of cancer stem cells: Review of their radiobiology and role in head and neck cancers. Head Neck 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/hed.24848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Paul Ambrose Reid
- International Centre for Allied Health Evidence and Sansom Institute for Health Research; University of South Australia; Adelaide Australia
| | - Puthenparampil Wilson
- School of Engineering; University of South Australia; Adelaide Australia
- Department of Medical Physics; Royal Adelaide Hospital; Adelaide Australia
| | - Yanrui Li
- International Centre for Allied Health Evidence and Sansom Institute for Health Research; University of South Australia; Adelaide Australia
| | - Loredana Gabriela Marcu
- School of Physical Sciences; University of Adelaide; Adelaide Australia
- Faculty of Science; University of Oradea; Oradea Romania
| | - Eva Bezak
- International Centre for Allied Health Evidence and Sansom Institute for Health Research; University of South Australia; Adelaide Australia
- School of Physical Sciences; University of Adelaide; Adelaide Australia
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48
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Wu Q, Allouch A, Martins I, Brenner C, Modjtahedi N, Deutsch E, Perfettini JL. Modulating Both Tumor Cell Death and Innate Immunity Is Essential for Improving Radiation Therapy Effectiveness. Front Immunol 2017; 8:613. [PMID: 28603525 PMCID: PMC5445662 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation therapy is one of the cornerstones of cancer treatment. In tumor cells, exposure to ionizing radiation (IR) provokes DNA damages that trigger various forms of cell death such as apoptosis, necrosis, autophagic cell death, and mitotic catastrophe. IR can also induce cellular senescence that could serve as an additional antitumor barrier in a context-dependent manner. Moreover, accumulating evidence has demonstrated that IR interacts profoundly with tumor-infiltrating immune cells, which cooperatively drive treatment outcomes. Recent preclinical and clinical successes due to the combination of radiation therapy and immune checkpoint blockade have underscored the need for a better understanding of the interplay between radiation therapy and the immune system. In this review, we will present an overview of cell death modalities induced by IR, summarize the immunogenic properties of irradiated cancer cells, and discuss the biological consequences of IR on innate immune cell functions, with a particular attention on dendritic cells, macrophages, and NK cells. Finally, we will discuss their potential applications in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuji Wu
- Cell Death and Aging Team, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France.,Laboratory of Molecular Radiotherapy, INSERM U1030, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France.,Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France.,Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France.,Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Awatef Allouch
- Cell Death and Aging Team, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France.,Laboratory of Molecular Radiotherapy, INSERM U1030, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France.,Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France.,Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Isabelle Martins
- Cell Death and Aging Team, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France.,Laboratory of Molecular Radiotherapy, INSERM U1030, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France.,Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France.,Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Catherine Brenner
- Laboratory of Signaling and Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, INSERM UMR-S 1180, Université Paris-Sud, Faculté de Pharmacie, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Nazanine Modjtahedi
- Laboratory of Molecular Radiotherapy, INSERM U1030, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France.,Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France.,Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Eric Deutsch
- Laboratory of Molecular Radiotherapy, INSERM U1030, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France.,Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France.,Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Jean-Luc Perfettini
- Cell Death and Aging Team, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France.,Laboratory of Molecular Radiotherapy, INSERM U1030, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France.,Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France.,Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
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49
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Tesauro M, Mauriello A, Rovella V, Annicchiarico-Petruzzelli M, Cardillo C, Melino G, Di Daniele N. Arterial ageing: from endothelial dysfunction to vascular calcification. J Intern Med 2017; 281:471-482. [PMID: 28345303 DOI: 10.1111/joim.12605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Complex structural and functional changes occur in the arterial system with advancing age. The aged artery is characterized by changes in microRNA expression patterns, autophagy, smooth muscle cell migration and proliferation, and arterial calcification with progressively increased mechanical vessel rigidity and stiffness. With age the vascular smooth muscle cells modify their phenotype from contractile to 'synthetic' determining the development of intimal thickening as early as the second decade of life as an adaptive response to forces acting on the arterial wall. The increased permeability observed in intimal thickening could represent the substrate on which low-level atherosclerotic stimuli can promote the development of advanced atherosclerotic lesions. In elderly patients the atherosclerotic plaques tend to be larger with increased vascular stenosis. In these plaques there is a progressive accumulation of both lipids and collagen and a decrease of inflammation. Similarly the plaques from elderly patients show more calcification as compared with those from younger patients. The coronary artery calcium score is a well-established marker of adverse cardiovascular outcomes. The presence of diffuse calcification in a severely stenotic segment probably induces changes in mechanical properties and shear stress of the arterial wall favouring the rupture of a vulnerable lesion in a less stenotic adjacent segment. Oxidative stress and inflammation appear to be the two primary pathological mechanisms of ageing-related endothelial dysfunction even in the absence of clinical disease. Arterial ageing is no longer considered an inexorable process. Only a better understanding of the link between ageing and vascular dysfunction can lead to significant advances in both preventative and therapeutic treatments with the aim that in the future vascular ageing may be halted or even reversed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Tesauro
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', Rome, Italy
| | - A Mauriello
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', Rome, Italy
| | - V Rovella
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', Rome, Italy
| | | | - C Cardillo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - G Melino
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', Rome, Italy.,Medical Research Council, Toxicology Unit, Leicester University, Leicester, UK
| | - N Di Daniele
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', Rome, Italy
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Significance of Wild-Type p53 Signaling in Suppressing Apoptosis in Response to Chemical Genotoxic Agents: Impact on Chemotherapy Outcome. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18050928. [PMID: 28452953 PMCID: PMC5454841 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18050928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Revised: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Our genomes are subject to potentially deleterious alterations resulting from endogenous sources (e.g., cellular metabolism, routine errors in DNA replication and recombination), exogenous sources (e.g., radiation, chemical agents), and medical diagnostic and treatment applications. Genome integrity and cellular homeostasis are maintained through an intricate network of pathways that serve to recognize the DNA damage, activate cell cycle checkpoints and facilitate DNA repair, or eliminate highly injured cells from the proliferating population. The wild-type p53 tumor suppressor and its downstream effector p21WAF1 (p21) are key regulators of these responses. Although extensively studied for its ability to control cell cycle progression, p21 has emerged as a multifunctional protein capable of downregulating p53, suppressing apoptosis, and orchestrating prolonged growth arrest through stress-induced premature senescence. Studies with solid tumors and solid tumor-derived cell lines have revealed that such growth-arrested cancer cells remain viable, secrete growth-promoting factors, and can give rise to progeny with stem-cell-like properties. This article provides an overview of the mechanisms by which p53 signaling suppresses apoptosis following genotoxic stress, facilitating repair of genomic injury under physiological conditions but having the potential to promote tumor regrowth in response to cancer chemotherapy.
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