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Zullo KM, Douglas B, Maloney NM, Ji Y, Wei Y, Herbine K, Cohen R, Pastore C, Cramer Z, Wang X, Wei W, Somsouk M, Hung LY, Lengner C, Kohanski MH, Cohen NA, Herbert DR. LINGO3 regulates mucosal tissue regeneration and promotes TFF2 dependent recovery from colitis. Scand J Gastroenterol 2021; 56:791-805. [PMID: 33941035 PMCID: PMC8647134 DOI: 10.1080/00365521.2021.1917650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Aim: Recovery of damaged mucosal surfaces following inflammatory insult requires diverse regenerative mechanisms that remain poorly defined. Previously, we demonstrated that the reparative actions of Trefoil Factor 3 (TFF3) depend upon the enigmatic receptor, leucine rich repeat and immunoglobulin-like domain containing nogo receptor 2 (LINGO2). This study examined the related orphan receptor LINGO3 in the context of intestinal tissue damage to determine whether LINGO family members are generally important for mucosal wound healing and maintenance of the intestinal stem cell (ISC) compartment needed for turnover of mucosal epithelium.Methods and Results: We find that LINGO3 is broadly expressed on human enterocytes and sparsely on discrete cells within the crypt niche, that contains ISCs. Loss of function studies indicate that LINGO3 is involved in recovery of normal intestinal architecture following dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis, and that LINGO3 is needed for therapeutic action of the long acting TFF2 fusion protein (TFF2-Fc), including a number of signaling pathways critical for cell proliferation and wound repair. LINGO3-TFF2 protein-protein interactions were relatively weak however and LINGO3 was only partially responsible for TFF2 induced MAPK signaling suggesting additional un-identified components of a receptor complex. However, deficiency in either TFF2 or LINGO3 abrogated budding/growth of intestinal organoids and reduced expression of the intestinal ISC gene leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein coupled receptor 5 (LGR5), indicating homologous roles for these proteins in tissue regeneration, possibly via regulation of ISCs in the crypt niche.Conclusion: We propose that LINGO3 serves a previously unappreciated role in promoting mucosal wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly M. Zullo
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Bonnie Douglas
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Nicole M. Maloney
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Yingbiao Ji
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Yun Wei
- Department of Medicine, Division of Experimental Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Karl Herbine
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Rachel Cohen
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Christopher Pastore
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Zvi Cramer
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Wenjie Wei
- Department of Ophthalmology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19147
| | - Ma Somsouk
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Li Yin Hung
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104,Department of Medicine, Division of Experimental Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Christopher Lengner
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Michael H. Kohanski
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine at The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104,The Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center Surgical Service, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Noam A. Cohen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine at The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104,The Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center Surgical Service, Philadelphia, PA 19104,Monell Chemical Senses Center, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - De’Broski R. Herbert
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104,Department of Medicine, Division of Experimental Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
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Jahan R, Shah A, Kisling SG, Macha MA, Thayer S, Batra SK, Kaur S. Odyssey of trefoil factors in cancer: Diagnostic and therapeutic implications. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2020; 1873:188362. [PMID: 32298747 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2020.188362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Trefoil factors 1, 2, and 3 (TFFs) are a family of small secretory molecules involved in the protection and repair of the gastrointestinal tract (GI). TFFs maintain and restore epithelial structural integrity via transducing key signaling pathways for epithelial cell migration, proliferation, and invasion. In recent years, TFFs have emerged as key players in the pathogenesis of multiple diseases, especially cancer. Initially recognized as tumor suppressors, emerging evidence demonstrates their key role in tumor progression and metastasis, extending their actions beyond protection. However, to date, a comprehensive understanding of TFFs' mechanism of action in tumor initiation, progression and metastasis remains obscure. The present review discusses the structural, functional and mechanistic implications of all three TFF family members in tumor progression and metastasis. Also, we have garnered information from studies on their structure and expression status in different organs, along with lessons from their specific knockout in mouse models. In addition, we highlight the emerging potential of using TFFs as a biomarker to stratify tumors for better therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahat Jahan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Ashu Shah
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Sophia G Kisling
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Muzafar A Macha
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, NE, 68198, USA; Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, NE, 68198, USA; Department of Biotechnology, Central University of Kashmir, Ganderbal, Jammu and Kashmir, India -191201
| | - Sarah Thayer
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, NE, 68198, USA; Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Surinder K Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, NE, 68198, USA; Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, NE, 68198, USA; Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, NE 68198, USA.
| | - Sukhwinder Kaur
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, NE, 68198, USA.
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Ullmann P, Nurmik M, Schmitz M, Rodriguez F, Weiler J, Qureshi-Baig K, Felten P, Nazarov PV, Nicot N, Zuegel N, Haan S, Letellier E. Tumor suppressor miR-215 counteracts hypoxia-induced colon cancer stem cell activity. Cancer Lett 2019; 450:32-41. [PMID: 30790680 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells, also known as tumor-initiating cells (TICs), are a population of aggressive and self-renewing cells that are responsible for the initiation and progression of many cancers, including colorectal carcinoma. Intratumoral hypoxia, i.e. reduced oxygen supply following uncontrolled proliferation of cancer cells, is thought to support TIC activity by inducing specific hypoxia-responsive mechanisms that are not yet entirely understood. Using previously established and fully characterized patient-derived TIC cultures, we could observe increased sphere and colony formation under hypoxic conditions. Mechanistically, microRNA (miRNA)-profiling experiments allowed us to identify miR-215 as one of the main hypoxia-induced miRNAs in primary colon TICs. Through stable overexpression of miR-215, followed by a set of functional in vitro and in vivo investigations, miR-215 was pinpointed as a negative feedback regulator, working against the TIC-promoting effects of hypoxia. Furthermore, we could single out LGR5, a bona fide marker of non-neoplastic intestinal stem cells, as a downstream target of hypoxia/miR-215 signaling. The strong tumor- and TIC-suppressor potential of miR-215 and the regulatory role of the hypoxia/miR-215/LGR5 axis may thus represent interesting points of attack for the development of innovative anti-CSC therapy approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pit Ullmann
- Molecular Disease Mechanisms Group, Life Sciences Research Unit, University of Luxembourg, 6 Avenue Du Swing, L-4367, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Martin Nurmik
- Molecular Disease Mechanisms Group, Life Sciences Research Unit, University of Luxembourg, 6 Avenue Du Swing, L-4367, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Martine Schmitz
- Molecular Disease Mechanisms Group, Life Sciences Research Unit, University of Luxembourg, 6 Avenue Du Swing, L-4367, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Fabien Rodriguez
- Molecular Disease Mechanisms Group, Life Sciences Research Unit, University of Luxembourg, 6 Avenue Du Swing, L-4367, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Jil Weiler
- Molecular Disease Mechanisms Group, Life Sciences Research Unit, University of Luxembourg, 6 Avenue Du Swing, L-4367, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Komal Qureshi-Baig
- Molecular Disease Mechanisms Group, Life Sciences Research Unit, University of Luxembourg, 6 Avenue Du Swing, L-4367, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Paul Felten
- Molecular Disease Mechanisms Group, Life Sciences Research Unit, University of Luxembourg, 6 Avenue Du Swing, L-4367, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Petr V Nazarov
- Proteome and Genome Research Unit, Department of Oncology, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1A-B Rue Thomas Edison, L-1445, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Nathalie Nicot
- Proteome and Genome Research Unit, Department of Oncology, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1A-B Rue Thomas Edison, L-1445, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Nikolaus Zuegel
- Centre Hospitalier Emile Mayrisch, Rue Emile Mayrisch, L-4240, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Serge Haan
- Molecular Disease Mechanisms Group, Life Sciences Research Unit, University of Luxembourg, 6 Avenue Du Swing, L-4367, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Elisabeth Letellier
- Molecular Disease Mechanisms Group, Life Sciences Research Unit, University of Luxembourg, 6 Avenue Du Swing, L-4367, Belvaux, Luxembourg.
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ZHAO DY, ZHANG WX, QI QQ, LONG X, LI X, YU YB, ZUO XL. Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Modulates Intestinal Barrier by Inhibiting Intestinal Epithelial Cells Apoptosis in Mice. Physiol Res 2018. [PMID: 29527912 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.933641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to investigate the effects of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) on apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) and alterations of intestinal barrier integrity using BDNF knock-out mice model. Colonic tissues from BDNF+/+ mice and BDNF+/- mice were prepared for this study. The integrity of colonic mucosa was evaluated by measuring trans-mucosa electrical resistance and tissue conductance in Ussing chamber. The colonic epithelial structure was analyzed by transmission electron microscopy. Apoptosis involvement was determined with TUNEL staining, active caspase-3 immunostaining and Western blotting for the protein expression of active caspase-3, Bax and Bcl-2. The expression levels and distribution of tight junction proteins were evaluated by immunohistochemistry or Western blots. Compared with BDNF+/+ mice, BDNF+/- mice displayed impaired integrity and ultrastructure alterations in their colonic mucosa, which was characterized by diminished microvilli, mitochondrial swelling and epithelial cells apoptosis. Altered intestinal barrier function was linked to excessive apoptosis of IECs demonstrated by the higher proportion of TUNEL-positive apoptotic cells and enhanced caspase activities in BDNF+/- mice. Increased expression of Bax and claudin-2 proteins and reduced Bcl-2 and tight junction proteins (occludin, ZO-1 and claudin-1) expression were also detected in the colonic mucosa of BDNF+/- mice. BDNF may play a role in the maintenance of intestinal barrier integrity via its
anti-apoptotic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Y.-B. YU
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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