1
|
Fang XL, Cao XP, Xiao J, Hu Y, Chen M, Raza HK, Wang HY, He X, Gu JF, Zhang KJ. Overview of role of survivin in cancer: expression, regulation, functions, and its potential as a therapeutic target. J Drug Target 2024; 32:223-240. [PMID: 38252514 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2024.2309563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Survivin holds significant importance as a member of the inhibitor of apoptosis protein (IAP) family due to its predominant expression in tumours rather than normal terminally differentiated adult tissues. The high expression level of survivin in tumours is closely linked to chemotherapy resistance, heightened tumour recurrence, and increased tumour aggressiveness and serves as a negative prognostic factor for cancer patients. Consequently, survivin has emerged as a promising therapeutic target for cancer treatment. In this review, we delve into the various biological characteristics of survivin in cancers and its pivotal role in maintaining immune system homeostasis. Additionally, we explore different therapeutic strategies aimed at targeting survivin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Long Fang
- Academician Expert Workstation of Fengxian District, Shanghai Yuansong Biotechnology Limited Company, Shanghai, China
| | - Xue-Ping Cao
- Academician Expert Workstation of Fengxian District, Shanghai Yuansong Biotechnology Limited Company, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun Hu
- Academician Expert Workstation of Fengxian District, Shanghai Yuansong Biotechnology Limited Company, Shanghai, China
| | - Mian Chen
- Academician Expert Workstation of Fengxian District, Shanghai Yuansong Biotechnology Limited Company, Shanghai, China
| | - Hafiz Khuram Raza
- Academician Expert Workstation of Fengxian District, Shanghai Yuansong Biotechnology Limited Company, Shanghai, China
| | - Huai-Yuan Wang
- Institute of Smart Biomedical Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xu He
- Department of Stomatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin-Fa Gu
- Academician Expert Workstation of Fengxian District, Shanghai Yuansong Biotechnology Limited Company, Shanghai, China
| | - Kang-Jian Zhang
- Academician Expert Workstation of Fengxian District, Shanghai Yuansong Biotechnology Limited Company, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Smart Biomedical Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Nasrollahzadeh A, Momeny M, Fasehee H, Yaghmaie M, Bashash D, Hassani S, Mousavi SA, Ghaffari SH. Anti-proliferative activity of disulfiram through regulation of the AKT-FOXO axis: A proteomic study of molecular targets. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2021; 1868:119087. [PMID: 34182011 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2021.119087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Due to its potent anti-tumor activity, well-investigated pharmacokinetic properties and safety profile, disulfiram (DSF) has emerged as a promising candidate for drug repurposing in cancer therapy. Although several molecular mechanisms have been proposed for its anti-cancer effects, the precise underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In the present study, we showed that DSF inhibited proliferation of cancer cells by inducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, a G1 cell cycle arrest and autophagy. Moreover, DSF triggered apoptosis via suppression of the anti-apoptotic protein survivin. To elucidate the mechanisms for the anti-proliferative activities of DSF, we applied a 2-DE combined with MALDI-TOF-MS/MS analysis to identify differentially expressed proteins in breast cancer cells upon treatment with DSF. Nine differentially expressed proteins were identified among which, three candidates including calmodulin (CaM), peroxiredoxin 1 (PRDX1) and collagen type I alpha 1 (COL1A1) are involved in the regulation of the AKT signaling pathway. The results of western blot analysis confirmed that DSF inhibited p-AKT, suggesting that DSF induces its anti-tumor effects via AKT blockade. Moreover, we found that DSF increased the mRNA levels of FOXO1, FOXO3 and FOXO4, and upregulated the expression of their target genes involved in G1 cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and autophagy. Finally, DSF potentiated the anti-proliferative effects of well-known chemotherapeutic agents such as arsenic trioxide (ATO), doxorubicin, paclitaxel and cisplatin. Altogether, these findings provide mechanistic insights into the anti-growth activities of DSF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Nasrollahzadeh
- Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Shariati Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Momeny
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, FI-20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Hamidreza Fasehee
- Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials Research Center, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran 14965/161, Iran
| | - Marjan Yaghmaie
- Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Shariati Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Davood Bashash
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Hassani
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Seyed A Mousavi
- Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Shariati Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed H Ghaffari
- Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Shariati Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
de Almeida NAA, Ribeiro CRDA, Raposo JV, de Paula VS. Immunotherapy and Gene Therapy for Oncoviruses Infections: A Review. Viruses 2021; 13:822. [PMID: 34063186 PMCID: PMC8147456 DOI: 10.3390/v13050822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy has been shown to be highly effective in some types of cancer caused by viruses. Gene therapy involves insertion or modification of a therapeutic gene, to correct for inappropriate gene products that cause/may cause diseases. Both these types of therapy have been used as alternative ways to avoid cancers caused by oncoviruses. In this review, we summarize recent studies on immunotherapy and gene therapy including the topics of oncolytic immunotherapy, immune checkpoint inhibitors, gene replacement, antisense oligonucleotides, RNA interference, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)-based gene editing, transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs) and custom treatment for Epstein-Barr virus, human T-lymphotropic virus 1, hepatitis B virus, human papillomavirus, hepatitis C virus, herpesvirus associated with Kaposi's sarcoma, Merkel cell polyomavirus, and cytomegalovirus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Vanessa Salete de Paula
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, 21040-360 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; (N.A.A.d.A.); (C.R.d.A.R.); (J.V.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ke W, Wang H, Zhao X, Lu Z. Foeniculum vulgare seed extract exerts anti-cancer effects on hepatocellular carcinoma. Food Funct 2021; 12:1482-1497. [PMID: 33502415 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo02243h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors. The prognosis of HCC is very poor due to the absence of symptoms and a lack of effective treatments. Studies have shown that various Foeniculum vulgare (fennel) extracts exhibit anti-cancer effects on malignant tumors such as skin cancer and prostate cancer. However, the anti-tumor activity of Foeniculum vulgare and its underlying molecular mechanisms towards HCC are unknown. Here, we provide fundamental evidence to show that the 75% ethanol extract of Foeniculum vulgare seeds (FVE) reduced cell viability, induced apoptosis, and effectively inhibited cell migration in HCC cells in vitro. HCC xenograft studies in nude mice showed that FVE significantly inhibited HCC growth in vivo. Mechanistic analyses showed that FVE reduced survivin protein levels and triggered mitochondrial toxicity, subsequently inducing caspase-3 activation and apoptosis. Survivin inhibition effectively sensitized HCC cells to FVE-induced apoptosis. Moreover, FVE did not induce a decrease in survivin or apoptotic toxicity in normal liver cells. Collectively, in vivo and in vitro results suggest that FVE exerts inhibitory effects in HCC by targeting the oncoprotein survivin, suggesting FVE may be a potential anti-cancer agent that may benefit patients with HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Ke
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, LN, China.
| | - Hongbo Wang
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, LN, China.
| | - Xiangxuan Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, LN, China.
| | - Zaiming Lu
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, LN, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hu G, Cao C, Deng Z, Li J, Zhou X, Huang Z, Cen C. Effects of matrine in combination with cisplatin on liver cancer. Oncol Lett 2020; 21:66. [PMID: 33365077 PMCID: PMC7716706 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.12327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Matrine, an alkaloid isolated from Sophora flavescens, promotes tumor cell apoptosis and strengthens the anticancer capacity of chemotherapeutic drugs. The present study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effect and underlying mechanism of matrine in combination with cisplatin on liver cancer progression. Tumor progression was studied in nude mice. The human liver cancer cell line HepG2 was injected into BALB/c nude mice subcutaneously to establish a tumor model. Mice were subsequently treated with matrine, cisplatin, matrine + cisplatin or normal saline. Nude mice and tumor growth were monitored. Tumors were excised and the expression of survivin, caspase-3, caspase-7 and caspase-9 was detected by immunohistochemistry. Western blotting was used to determine the expression of survivin, caspase-3, caspase-7, caspase-9 and X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) in tumor tissues. The results demonstrated that matrine exerted anticancer effects in liver cancer-transplanted tumors, as evidenced by decrease in tumor weight and volume. Furthermore, the tumor inhibition rate in mice treated with matrine + cisplatin was 83.3%, whereas it was of 37.5 and 75% in mice treated with matrine or cisplatin alone, respectively. In addition, the expression of survivin and XIAP was significantly downregulated, whereas the expression of caspase-3, caspase-7 and caspase-9 was significantly upregulated in tumor tissues from nude mice treated with matrine + cisplatin, compared with those treated with cisplatin, matrine or normal saline. These findings suggested that the combination of matrine and cisplatin may promote tumor cell apoptosis in liver cancer by activating the caspase apoptosis pathway and suppressing the survivin-associated inhibition of caspase-9.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gaoyu Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi 533000, P.R. China
| | - Cong Cao
- Department of General Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi 533000, P.R. China
| | - Zhihua Deng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi 533000, P.R. China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of General Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi 533000, P.R. China
| | - Xihan Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi 533000, P.R. China
| | - Zansong Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi 533000, P.R. China
| | - Chao Cen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi 533000, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sung W, Grassberger C, McNamara AL, Basler L, Ehrbar S, Tanadini-Lang S, Hong TS, Paganetti H. A tumor-immune interaction model for hepatocellular carcinoma based on measured lymphocyte counts in patients undergoing radiotherapy. Radiother Oncol 2020; 151:73-81. [PMID: 32679308 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2020.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The impact of radiation therapy on the immune system has recently gained attention particularly when delivered in combination with immunotherapy. However, it is unclear how different treatment fractionation regimens influence the interaction between the immune system and radiation. The goal of this work was to develop a mathematical model that quantifies both the immune stimulating as well as the immunosuppressive effects of radiotherapy and simulates the effects of different fractionation regimens based on patient data. METHODS AND MATERIALS The framework describes the temporal evolution of tumor cells, lymphocytes, and inactivated dying tumor cells releasing antigens during radiation therapy, specifically modeling how recruited lymphocytes inhibit tumor progression. The parameters of the model were partly taken from the literature and in part extracted from blood samples (circulating lymphocytes: CLs) collected from hepatocellular carcinoma patients undergoing radiotherapy and their outcomes. The dose volume histograms to circulating lymphocytes were calculated with a probability-based model. RESULTS Based on the fitted parameters, the model enabled a study into the depletion and recovery of CLs in patients as a function of fractionation regimen. Our results quantify the ability of short fractionation regimens to lead to shorter periods of lymphocyte depletion and predict faster recovery after the end of treatment. The model shows that treatment breaks between fractions can prolong the period of lymphocyte depletion and should be avoided. CONCLUSIONS This study introduces a mathematical model for tumor-immune interactions using clinically extracted radiotherapy patient data, which can be applied to design trials aimed at minimizing lymphocyte depleting effects in radiation therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wonmo Sung
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, United States
| | - Clemens Grassberger
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, United States
| | - Aimee Louise McNamara
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, United States
| | - Lucas Basler
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Stefanie Ehrbar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Theodore S Hong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, United States
| | - Harald Paganetti
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Khan AA, Alanazi AM, Jabeen M, Chauhan A, Ansari MA. Therapeutic potential of functionalized siRNA nanoparticles on regression of liver cancer in experimental mice. Sci Rep 2019; 9:15825. [PMID: 31676815 PMCID: PMC6825139 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-52142-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Short interfering RNA (siRNA) possesses special ability of silencing specific gene. To increase siRNA stability, transportation and its uptake by tumor cells, effective delivery to the appropriate target cells is a major challenge of siRNA-based therapy. In the present study, an effective, safe and biocompatible survivin siRNA encapsulated, GalNAc decorated PEGylated PLGA nanoconjugates (NCs) viz., GalNAc@PEG@siRNA-PLGA were engineered and their synergistic antitumor efficacy was evaluated for targeted delivery in HCC bearing experimental mice. GalNAc@PEG@siRNA-PLGA NCs were characterized for size, bioavailability, toxicity and biocompatibility. Their antitumor potential was evaluated considering gene silencing, apoptosis, histopathology and survival of treated mice. Exceptional accumulation of hepatocytes, reduction in survivin expression and prominent regression in tumor size confirmed the ASGPR-mediated uptake of ligand-anchored NCs and silencing of survivin gene in a targeted manner. Increased DNA fragmentation and potential modulation of caspase-3, Bax and Bcl-2 factors specified the induction of apoptosis that helped in significant inhibition of HCC progression. The potential synchronous and tumor selective delivery of versatile NCs indicated the effective payloads towards the target site, increased apoptosis in cancer cells and improved survival of treated animals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Azmat Ali Khan
- 0000 0004 1773 5396grid.56302.32Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Amer M. Alanazi
- 0000 0004 1773 5396grid.56302.32Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Mumtaz Jabeen
- 0000 0004 1937 0765grid.411340.3Section of Genetics, Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Arun Chauhan
- 0000 0004 1936 8163grid.266862.eDepartment of Neuroimmunology, School of Health and Medicine, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND USA
| | - Mohammad Azam Ansari
- 0000 0004 0607 035Xgrid.411975.fDepartment of Epidemic Disease Research, Institutes of Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, 31441 Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Li H, Wang Z, Zhang J, Yuan C, Zhang H, Hou X, Zhang D. Enhanced shRNA delivery by the combination of polyethylenimine, ultrasound, and nanobubbles in liver cancer. Technol Health Care 2019; 27:263-272. [PMID: 31045545 PMCID: PMC6597992 DOI: 10.3233/thc-199025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traditional cancer treatments such as surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy destroy both cancer and normal cells, which limit their clinical application. It is difficult to achieve the best results for any liver cancer patients using any single treatment method. Gene therapy for HCC demands non-invasive, efficient, targeted and safe gene transfection strategies. OBJECTIVE In this study, a nonviral shRNA gene delivery system utilizing a combination of PEI, US, and NBs was developed for targeting survivin in liver Cancer. METHODS AND RESULTS The PEI-shRNA-NBs cumulated in the tumor tissue because of the EPR effect. By exposure to the US, micelles shRNA may be released from PEI-shRNA-NBs in tumor tissues and the shRNA then transmitted efficiently to cancer cells. Considerably enhanced therapeutic outcome was obtained with the gene silencing effect enhanced. CONCLUSIONS PEI-shRNA-NBs possess the potential to become promising tools intended for shRNA delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Li
- Department of Ultrasonography, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ziyu Wang
- Department of Ultrasonography, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jia Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chenyan Yuan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinxin Hou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dongsheng Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Huang YH, Lin KH, Yu JS, Wu TJ, Lee WC, Chao CCK, Pan TL, Yeh CT. Targeting HSP60 by subcutaneous injections of jetPEI/HSP60-shRNA destabilizes cytoplasmic survivin and inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma growth. Mol Carcinog 2018; 57:1087-1101. [PMID: 29672920 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) overexpresses in various types of cancer, but its expression levels and functions in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are still in dispute. We aim to clarify this issue and examine whether HSP60 could be a therapeutic target for HCC. We found drastically enhanced cell apoptosis and suppressed cell proliferation in two HCC cell lines with HSP60-silencing, and also indicated survivin was involved in this regulatory process in vitro and in vivo. However, HSP60-silencing in normal human hepatocytes only resulted in a minimal reduction of cell proliferation but without effects on cell apoptosis. We also showed HSP60 interacted with cytosolic but not mitochondrial survivin by immunoprecipitation assay. A rigorous method was used to standardize quantification from immunoblot assay to obtain more precise expression levels of HSP60 and survivin. The expression of HSP60 and survivin positively correlated in both cancerous and non-cancerous liver tissues (P < 0.001) after analyzing 145 surgically removed HCC tissues. A total of 56.6% of HCC patients overexpressed HSP60 in cancerous tissues, and 40.0% under-expressed HSP60. Higher expression of HSP60 and survivin in non-cancerous tissues both correlated with shorter overall survival (P = 0.029 and P < 0.001, respectively). Finally, we evaluated the therapeutic potential of HSP60 using extraneous delivery of jetPEI/shHSP60 complexes. The treatment results showed significant reduction of tumor weight by 44.3% (P < 0.05), accompanied by under-expression of survivin. These studies suggested that HSP60 not only served as a prognostic marker but also served as a novel therapeutic target for HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Hui Huang
- Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kwang-Huei Lin
- Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jau-Song Yu
- Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Jung Wu
- Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chen Lee
- Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Division of Liver and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chuck C-K Chao
- Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Long Pan
- Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Research Center of Industry of Human Ecology, Chang-Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chau-Ting Yeh
- Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Feng C, Wang T, Zhang Y, Qu K, Tang S. Novel Survivin-Targeted Small Interfering RNA Delivered by Nanoparticles. Am J Med Sci 2017; 354:506-512. [DOI: 10.1016/j.amjms.2017.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Revised: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
|
11
|
Song Y, Tang C, Yin C. Enhanced antitumor efficacy of arginine modified amphiphilic nanoparticles co-delivering doxorubicin and iSur-pDNA via the multiple synergistic effect. Biomaterials 2017; 150:1-13. [PMID: 29028548 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2017] [Revised: 10/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Arginine and α-tocopherol succinate (α-TOS) double grafted N-trimethyl chitosan chloride (TMC) nanoparticles (TAS NPs) were designed and developed for effective co-delivery of doxorubicin (DOX) and Survivin shRNA-expressing pDNA (iSur-pDNA). With DOX loading into the hydrophobic core and iSur-pDNA combining to the hydrophilic shell, TAS/DOX/pDNA NPs demonstrated favorable structural stability and sustained release properties in vitro. With the special non-clathrin-dependent endocytosis, TAS/DOX/pDNA NPs presented higher cellular uptake and mainly distributed in ER and Golgi rather than lysosomes following internalization. The in vitro nuclear localization, gene silencing efficiency, cell apoptosis, and growth inhibition of tumor cells were significantly promoted by arginine modification. In the tumor-bearing mice model, TAS/DOX/pDNA NPs possessed the maximum antitumor efficiency as compared with single delivery of DOX or iSur-pDNA. Particularly, blank TAS NPs were selectively be toxic to tumor cells as evidenced by their capabilities to inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis of tumor cells. The promising tumor treatment of TAS/DOX/pDNA NPs via a multiple synergistic manner arising from DOX and pDNA as well as the vectors would provide a potential strategy for a dual-delivery system to improve their therapeutic efficacies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yudong Song
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Cui Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China.
| | - Chunhua Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Liu Z, Wang T, Zhang Z, Tang S, Feng S, Yue M, Hu M, Xuan L, Chen Y. Survivin downregulation using siRNA nanoliposomes inhibits cell proliferation and promotes the apoptosis of MHCC-97H hepatic cancer cells: An in vitro and in vivo study. Oncol Lett 2017; 13:2723-2730. [PMID: 28454458 PMCID: PMC5403348 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.5754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
At present, survivin is one of the most cancer-specific proteins that has been identified. The present study aimed to investigate the antitumor effects of novel survivin small interfering RNA (siRNA) nanoliposomes targeting survivin in human hepatocellular carcinoma MHCC-97H cells and xenograft mouse models. Survivin-targeted siRNA nanoliposomes were prepared and transfected into MHCC-97H cells and MHCC-97H-bearing nude mice. Survivin expression was analyzed using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and western blotting. Cell viability was analyzed using an MTT assay and apoptosis was evaluated using Hoechst and Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide staining. Tumor growth in MHCC-97H-bearing mice was monitored following treatment and tumor samples were obtained for survivin expression analysis using RT-qPCR, western blotting and immunohistochemistry staining. Survivin expression levels were significantly downregulated by nanoliposome-mediated survivin siRNA delivery and this was associated with a significant inhibition of cell growth and an increase in the apoptosis of MHCC-97H cells. Downregulation of survivin expression using survivin siRNA nanoliposomes inhibited tumor growth in the MHCC-97H xenograft models without significant treatment-associated toxicity. Therefore, a cationic nanoliposome-based survivin siRNA delivery system was constructed and demonstrated to be efficient for survivin siRNA delivery in in vitro and in vivo studies. These results demonstrate that survivin downregulation was able to significantly attenuate cell proliferation and induce the apoptosis of MHCC-97H cells, as well as inhibit tumor cell growth in MHCC-97H xenograft models, indicating that survivin suppression using siRNA may contribute to the inhibition of tumor development by suppressing cell proliferation and promoting apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziqin Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Chaoyang, Beijing 100020, P.R. China
| | - Tianyou Wang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Xicheng, Beijing 100045, P.R. China
| | - Zhaoxia Zhang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Chaoyang, Beijing 100020, P.R. China
| | - Suoqin Tang
- Department of Pediatrics, People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Shunqiao Feng
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Chaoyang, Beijing 100020, P.R. China
| | - Mei Yue
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Chaoyang, Beijing 100020, P.R. China
| | - Mengze Hu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Chaoyang, Beijing 100020, P.R. China
| | - Litian Xuan
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Chaoyang, Beijing 100020, P.R. China
| | - Yanfei Chen
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Chaoyang, Beijing 100020, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ezzat WM, Amr KS. Insights for hepatitis C virus related hepatocellular carcinoma genetic biomarkers: Early diagnosis and therapeutic intervention. World J Hepatol 2016; 8:1251-1261. [PMID: 27843535 PMCID: PMC5084054 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v8.i30.1251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Revised: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The current review explores the role of emerging molecular contributing factors in liver carcinogenesis on top of hepatitis C virus (HCV). Here we will try to discuss the role genetic and epigenetic factors in pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Understanding the role of these factors will help in discovering the mystery of liver carcinogenesis on top of chronic HCV infection. Moreover, use of the studied molecular factors will provide the hepatologists with tailored diagnostic promising biomarkers and flatten the way for establishment of emerging molecular treatment based on exploring the molecular subscription of this aggressive liver cancer.
Collapse
|
14
|
Vogl TJ, Oppermann E, Qian J, Imlau U, Tran A, Hamidavi Y, Korkusuz H, Bechstein WO, Nour-Eldin NEAR, Gruber-Rouh T, Hammerstingl R, Naguib NNN. Transarterial chemoembolization of hepatocellular carcinoma in a rat model: the effect of additional injection of survivin siRNA to the treatment protocol. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:325. [PMID: 27215551 PMCID: PMC4878032 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2357-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transarterial chemoembolization is one of the most widely accepted interventional treatment options for treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. Still there is a lack of a standard protocol regarding the injected chemotherapeutics. Survivin is an inhibitor of Apoptosis protein that functions to inhibit apoptosis, promote proliferation, and enhance invasion. Survivin is selectively up-regulated in many human tumors. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) can trigger an RNA interference response in mammalian cells and induce strong inhibition of specific gene expression including Survivin. The aim of the study is to assess the effectiveness of the additional injection of Survivin siRNA to the routine protocol of Transarterial Chemoembolization (TACE) for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma in a rat model. METHODS The study was performed on 20 male ACI rats. On day 0 a solid Morris Hepatoma 3924A was subcapsullary implanted in the liver. On day 12 MRI measurement of the initial tumor volume (V1) was performed. TACE was performed on day 13. The rats were divided into 2 groups; Group (A, n = 10) in which 0.1 mg mitomycin, 0.1 ml lipiodol and 5.0 mg degradable starch microspheres were injected in addition 2.5 nmol survivin siRNA were injected. The same agents were injected in Group (B,=10) without Survivin siRNA. MRI was repeated on day 25 to assess the tumor volume (V2). The tumor growth ratio (V2/V1) was calculated. Western blot and immunohistochemical analysis were performed. RESULTS For group A the mean tumor growth ratio (V2/V1) was 1.1313 +/- 0.1381, and was 3.1911 +/- 0.1393 in group B. A statistically significant difference between both groups was observed regarding the inhibition of tumor growth (P < 0.0001) where Group A showed more inhibition compared to Group B. Similarly immunohistochemical analysis showed significantly lower (p < 0.002) VEGF staining in group A compared to group B. Western Blot analysis showed a similar difference in VEGF expression (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION The additional injection of Survivin siRNA to the routine TACE protocol increased the inhibition of the hepatocellular carcinoma growth in a rat animal model compared to regular TACE protocol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J Vogl
- Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Frankfurt, 60590, Germany.
| | - Elsie Oppermann
- Department of General Surgery, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Jun Qian
- Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Frankfurt, 60590, Germany
| | - Ulli Imlau
- Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Frankfurt, 60590, Germany
| | - Andreas Tran
- Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Frankfurt, 60590, Germany
| | - Yousef Hamidavi
- Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Frankfurt, 60590, Germany
| | - Huedayi Korkusuz
- Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Frankfurt, 60590, Germany
| | - Wolf Otto Bechstein
- Department of General Surgery, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Nour-Eldin Abdel-Rehim Nour-Eldin
- Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Frankfurt, 60590, Germany.,Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Tatjana Gruber-Rouh
- Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Frankfurt, 60590, Germany
| | - Renate Hammerstingl
- Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Frankfurt, 60590, Germany
| | - Nagy Naguib Naeem Naguib
- Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Frankfurt, 60590, Germany.,Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Han Z, Lee S, Je S, Eom CY, Choi HJ, Song JJ, Kim JH. Survivin silencing and TRAIL expression using oncolytic adenovirus increase anti-tumorigenic activity in gemcitabine-resistant pancreatic cancer cells. Apoptosis 2015; 21:351-64. [DOI: 10.1007/s10495-015-1208-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
16
|
Zheng H, Tang C, Yin C. Oral delivery of shRNA based on amino acid modified chitosan for improved antitumor efficacy. Biomaterials 2015; 70:126-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Revised: 08/09/2015] [Accepted: 08/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
|
17
|
Wang R, Fang J, Ma H, Feng L, Lian M, Yang F, Wang H, Wang Q, Chen X. Effect of microRNA-203 on tumor growth in human hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Mol Cell Biochem 2015; 405:97-104. [PMID: 25840888 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-015-2401-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2014] [Accepted: 03/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (MiRNAs) have been recognized to regulate cancer initiation and progression in carcinogenesis as either oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes, but their role in hypopharyngeal cancer development is not clearly defined. To determine whether miRNA-203 can promote tumor growth in human hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma, we conducted experiments on the functional study of miRNA-203 and identification of miRNA-203 regulated target genes in hypopharyngeal cancer cells. We found that cell proliferation and cell colony-forming increased more in the miRNA-203 up-regulated cancer cells than in the negative control cancer cells. Up-regulation of miRNA-203 accelerated cell cycle progression in hypopharyngeal cancer cells. TP63 and B3GNT5 mRNAs were identified and validated as targets of miRNA-203. However, transwell assay and wound scratch assay showed that miRNA-203 did not involve in invasion and metastasis in hypopharyngeal cancer cells. According to the results, we conclude that miRNA-203 can promote tumor growth in human hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. These results provide the convincing evidence for the first time that up-regulation of miRNA-203 contributes to the malignancy of hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma, possibly through down-regulating TP63 and B3GNT5.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ru Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Li G, Chang H, Zhai YP, Xu W. Targeted silencing of inhibitors of apoptosis proteins with siRNAs: a potential anti-cancer strategy for hepatocellular carcinoma. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2014; 14:4943-52. [PMID: 24175757 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2013.14.9.4943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignancies, with a very poor prognosis. Despite significant improvements in diagnosis and treatment in recent years, the long-term therapeutic efficacy is poor, partially due to tumor metastasis, recurrence, and resistance to chemo- or radio-therapy. Recently, it was found that a major feature of tumors is a combination of unrestrained cell proliferation and impaired apoptosis. There are now 8 recognized members of the IAP-family: NAIP, c-IAP1, c-IAP2, XIAP, Survivin, Bruce, Livin and ILP-2. These proteins all contribute to inhibition of apoptosis, and provide new potential avenues of cancer treatment. As a powerful tool to suppress gene expression in mammalian cells, RNAi species for inhibiting IAP genes can be directed against cancers. This review will provide a brief introduction to recent developments of the application IAP-siRNA in tumor studies, with the aim of inspiring future treatment of HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gang Li
- Department of General Surgery, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong University, Jinan, China E-mail :
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Au V, Tsang FH, Man K, Fan ST, Poon RTP, Lee NP. Expression of ankyrin repeat and SOCS box containing 4 (ASB4) confers migration and invasion properties of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Biosci Trends 2014; 8:101-10. [PMID: 24815387 DOI: 10.5582/bst.8.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Ankyrin repeat and SOCS box containing 4 (ASB4) involves in physiological process of ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal degradation. Our previous study demonstrated high expression of ASB4 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines. This study further reveals its clinical implications and tumorigenic properties in HCC. Analysis of 217 HCC gene expression profiles followed by validation in a separate cohort of 50 cases illustrated high ASB4 in HCC. Among the 50 cases, 54% of tumors exhibited more than 2-fold up-regulation of ASB4. Elevated ASB4 associated with low serum level of a HCC serological marker alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), postulating of its use to differentiate AFP-negative HCC. Suppression of ASB4 in PLC and MHCC97-L HCC cells hindered the cell migration and invasion. Reciprocally, enhanced migration rate was measured when ASB4 was ectopically expressed in Hep3B HCC cells. Cross comparison of results derived from in silico predictions of seed-matched sequences and by analyzing human HCC databases with matched microRNA and gene expression profiles, microRNA-200 (miR-200) family members including miR-200a and miR-200b were predicted to regulate ASB4 expression in HCC. MiR-200a showed inversed expression level with ASB4 in several of studied HCC cell lines. Dual luciferase reporter assay confirmed the presence of miR-200a binding site on the 3' untranslated region of ASB4. Reduced ASB4 level was noticed under the influence of miR-200a mimic treatment, for which this mimic-induced effect was neutralized with miR-200a inhibitor. In conclusion, this study demonstrates for the first time on the involvement of ASB4 in HCC and that its level is regulated by miR-200a.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Victor Au
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Wang X, Wu E, Wu J, Wang TL, Hsieh HP, Liu X. An antimitotic and antivascular agent BPR0L075 overcomes multidrug resistance and induces mitotic catastrophe in paclitaxel-resistant ovarian cancer cells. PLoS One 2013; 8:e65686. [PMID: 23762410 PMCID: PMC3675084 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0065686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2012] [Accepted: 04/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Paclitaxel plays a major role in the treatment of ovarian cancer; however, resistance to paclitaxel is frequently observed. Thus, new therapy that can overcome paclitaxel resistance will be of significant clinical importance. We evaluated antiproliferative effects of an antimitotic and antivascular agent BPR0L075 in paclitaxel-resistant ovarian cancer cells. BPR0L075 displays potent and broad-spectrum cytotoxicity at low nanomolar concentrations (IC50 = 2–7 nM) against both parental ovarian cancer cells (OVCAR-3, SKOV-3, and A2780-1A9) and paclitaxel-resistant sublines (OVCAR-3-TR, SKOV-3-TR, 1A9-PTX10), regardless of the expression levels of the multidrug resistance transporter P-gp and class III β-tubulin or mutation of β-tubulin. BPR0L075 blocks cell cycle at the G2/M phase in paclitaxel-resistant cells while equal concentration of paclitaxel treatment was ineffective. BPR0L075 induces cell death by a dual mechanism in parental and paclitaxel-resistant ovarian cancer cells. In the parental cells (OVCAR-3 and SKOV-3), BPR0L075 induced apoptosis, evidenced by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage and DNA ladder formation. BPR0L075 induced cell death in paclitaxel-resistant ovarian cancer cells (OVCAR-3-TR and SKOV-3-TR) is primarily due to mitotic catastrophe, evidenced by formation of giant, multinucleated cells and absence of PARP cleavage. Immunoblotting analysis shows that BPR0L075 treatment induced up-regulation of cyclin B1, BubR1, MPM-2, and survivin protein levels and Bcl-XL phosphorylation in parental cells; however, in resistant cells, the endogenous expressions of BubR1 and survivin were depleted, BPR0L075 treatment failed to induce MPM-2 expression and phosphorylation of Bcl-XL. BPR0L075 induced cell death in both parental and paclitaxel-resistant ovarian cancer cells proceed through caspase-3 independent mechanisms. In conclusion, BPR0L075 displays potent cytotoxic effects in ovarian cancer cells with a potential to overcome paclitaxel resistance by bypassing efflux transporters and inducing mitotic catastrophe. BPR0L075 represents a novel microtubule therapeutic to overcome multidrug resistance and trigger alternative cell death by mitotic catastrophe in ovarian cancer cells that are apoptosis-resistant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolei Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas, United States of America
| | - Erxi Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota, United States of America
| | - Jun Wu
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, California, United States of America
| | - Tian-Li Wang
- Departments of Gynecology/Obstetrics and Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Hsing-Pang Hsieh
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Xinli Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Tang XP, Tang GD, Fang CY, Liang ZH, Zhang LY. Effects of ginsenoside Rh2 on growth and migration of pancreatic cancer cells. World J Gastroenterol 2013; 19:1582-1592. [PMID: 23538603 PMCID: PMC3602475 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v19.i10.1582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2012] [Revised: 10/17/2012] [Accepted: 12/17/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the effects of ginsenoside Rh2 on the human pancreatic cancer cell line Bxpc-3.
METHODS: The human pancreatic cancer cell line Bxpc-3 was cultured in vitro and treated with or without ginsenoside Rh2. Growth rates for Bxpc-3 cells were assessed by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) and colony formation assays. Cell cycle changes were analyzed by flow cytometry. Apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry and Hoechst 33258 fluorescence staining. A scratch assay and a Matrigel invasion assay were used to detect cell migration and invasion. Expression of Bax, Bcl-2, survivin, cyclin D1, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, MMP-9, cleaved caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9 mRNA were determined by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Bax, Bcl-2, survivin, cyclin D1, cleaved caspase-3, caspase-8 and caspase-9 protein levels were examined by western blotting. Expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 proteins in culture supernatants were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
RESULTS: Rh2 significantly inhibited Bxpc-3 cell proliferation in a dose- and time-dependent manner, as evaluated by the MTT (P < 0.05) and colony formation assays (P < 0.05). Compared to the control group, Rh2 significantly increased the percentage of Bxpc-3 cells in the G0/G1 phase from 43.32% ± 2.17% to 71.32% ± 1.16%, which was accompanied by a decrease in S phase (from 50.86% ± 1.29% to 28.48% ± 1.18%) and G2/M phase (from 5.81% ± 1.19% to 0.20% ± 0.05%) in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05), suggesting that Rh2 arrested cell cycle progression at the G0/G1 phase, as measured by flow cytometry. Compared to the control group, cells treated with Rh2 showed significantly higher apoptosis ratios in a dose-dependent manner (percentage of early apoptotic cells: from 5.29% ± 2.28% to 38.90% ± 3.42% (F = 56.20, P < 0.05); percentage of late apoptotic cells: from 4.58% ± 1.42% to 36.32% ± 2.73% (F = 86.70, P < 0.05). Rh2 inhibited Bxpc-3 cell migration and invasion, as detected by scratch wound healing assay and Matrigel invasion assay [percentages of scratch wound healing for 12 h, 24 h and 48 h (control vs experimental group): 37.3% ± 4.8% vs 18.30% ± 1.65%, 58.7% ± 3.5% vs 38.00% ± 4.09% and 93.83% ± 4.65% vs 65.50% ± 4.09%, respectively; t = 6.489, t = 6.656 and t = 7.926, respectively, P < 0.05; the number of cells invading at various concentrations (0 μmol/L, 35 μmol/L, 45 μmol/L and 55 μmol/L): 81.10 ± 9.55, 46.40 ± 6.95, 24.70 ± 6.88 and 8.70 ± 3.34, respectively (F = 502.713, P < 0.05)]. RT-PCR, western blotting or ELISA showed that mRNA and protein expression of Bax, cleaved caspase-3 and caspase-9 were upregulated (P < 0.05), while mRNA and protein expression of Bcl-2, survivin, cyclin D1, MMP-2 and MMP-9 were downregulated (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: Ginsenoside Rh2 inhibits proliferation, migration and invasion and induces apoptosis of the human pancreatic cancer cell line Bxpc-3.
Collapse
|
22
|
Cao L, Li C, Shen S, Yan Y, Ji W, Wang J, Qian H, Jiang X, Li Z, Wu M, Zhang Y, Su C. OCT4 increases BIRC5 and CCND1 expression and promotes cancer progression in hepatocellular carcinoma. BMC Cancer 2013; 13:82. [PMID: 23433354 PMCID: PMC3583731 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-13-82] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2012] [Accepted: 02/18/2013] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background OCT4 and BIRC5 are preferentially expressed in human cancer cells and mediate cancer cell survival and tumor maintenance. However, the molecular mechanism that regulates OCT4 and BIRC5 expression is not well characterized. Methods By manipulating OCT4 and BIRC5 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines, the regulatory mechanism of OCT4 on BIRC5 and CCND1 were investigated. Results Increasing or decreasing OCT4 expression could enhance or suppress BIRC5 expression, respectively, by regulating the activity of BIRC5 promoter. Because there is no binding site for OCT4 within BIRC5 promoter, the effect of OCT4 on BIRC5 promoter is indirect. An octamer motif for OCT4 in the CCND1 promoter has directly and partly participated in the regulation of CCND1 promoter activity, suggesting that OCT4 also could upregulated the expression of CCND1. Co-suppression of OCT4 and BIRC5 induced cancer cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, thereby efficiently inhibiting the proliferative activity of cancer cells and suppressing the growth of HCC xenogrfts in nude mice. Conclusion OCT4 can upregulate BIRC5 and CCND1 expression by increasing their promoter activity. These factors collusively promotes HCC cell proliferation, and co-suppression of OCT4 and BIRC5 is potentially beneficial for HCC treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Cao
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgical Hospital & Institute, Second Military Medical University, 200438, Shanghai, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Chen ZY, Liang K, Lin Y, Yang F. Study of the UTMD-based delivery system to induce cervical cancer cell apoptosis and inhibit proliferation with shRNA targeting Survivin. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:1763-77. [PMID: 23325045 PMCID: PMC3565346 DOI: 10.3390/ijms14011763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2012] [Revised: 01/04/2013] [Accepted: 01/06/2013] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis induction by short hairpin RNA (shRNA) expression vectors could be an efficient and promising strategy for cancer gene therapy. Ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction (UTMD) is an appealing technique. In this study, we investigated the apoptosis induction and suppression of cell proliferation in vivo transfected by the UTMD-based shRNA delivery system. Nude mice with transplanted tumors of cervical cancer were randomly arranged into three groups: control group, plasmid injection and ultrasound (P + US), P + UTMD group. Expressions of Survivin and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), Bcl-2, Bax, Caspase-3, Ki-67, nucleostemin (NS) were investigated by immunohistochemistry. Furthermore, microvessel density (MVD) was detected by CD34 protein expressions and apoptotic index (AI) was measured by TUNEL. As compared with those in the control and P + US groups, protein expressions of PCNA, Ki-67, Bcl-2, Survivin and NS in P + UTMD groups were down-regulated markedly, while those of Bax, Caspase-3 were up-regulated significantly (p < 0.05). MVD decreased significantly, whereas AI increased remarkably (p < 0.05). We suggested that UTMD-based shRNA delivery system could induce apoptosis and inhibit proliferation significantly, without causing any apparently adverse effect, representing a new, promising technology that would be used in the future gene therapy and research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Yi Chen
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, China; E-Mails: (Y.L.); (F.Y.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +86-020-8129-2115; Fax: +86-020-8129-2949
| | - Kun Liang
- Guangzhou Research Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangzhou 510150, China; E-Mail:
| | - Yan Lin
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, China; E-Mails: (Y.L.); (F.Y.)
| | - Feng Yang
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, China; E-Mails: (Y.L.); (F.Y.)
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Yang J, Cai X, Lu W, Hu C, Xu X, Yu Q, Cao P. Evodiamine inhibits STAT3 signaling by inducing phosphatase shatterproof 1 in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Cancer Lett 2013; 328:243-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2012.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2012] [Revised: 09/04/2012] [Accepted: 09/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
25
|
LIU WENSONG, ZHU FENG, JIANG YONG, SUN DONGLIN, YANG BO, YAN HAIJIAO. siRNA targeting survivin inhibits the growth and enhances the chemosensitivity of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Oncol Rep 2012; 29:1183-8. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2012.2196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2012] [Accepted: 11/16/2012] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
|
26
|
Ma J, Huang C, Yao X, Shi C, Sun L, Yuan L, Lei P, Zhu H, Liu H, Wu X, Ning Q, Zhou C, Shen G. Inhibition of hepatitis B virus and induction of hepatoma cell apoptosis by ASGPR-directed delivery of shRNAs. PLoS One 2012; 7:e46096. [PMID: 23094023 PMCID: PMC3477153 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0046096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2012] [Accepted: 08/28/2012] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a worldwide liver disease and nearly 25% of chronic HBV infections terminate in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Currently, there is no effective therapy to inhibit HBV replication and to eliminate hepatoma cells, making it highly desired to develop novel therapies for these two stages of the HBV-caused detrimental disease. Recently, short hairpin RNA (shRNA) has emerged as a potential therapy for virus-infected disease and cancer. Here, we have generated a shRNA, pGenesil-siHBV4, which effectively inhibits HBV replication in the human hepatoma cell line HepG2.2.15. The inhibitory effects of pGenesil-siHBV4 are manifested by the decrease of both the HBV mRNA level and the protein levels of the secreted HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) and HBV e antigen (HBeAg), and by the reduction of secreted HBV DNA. Using mouse hydrodynamic tail vein injection, we demonstrate that pGenesil-siHBV4 is effective in inhibiting HBV replication in vivo. Because survivin plays a key role in cancer cell escape from apoptosis, we further generated pGenesil-siSurvivin, a survivin-silencing shRNA, and showed its effect of triggering apoptosis of HBV-containing hepatoma cells. To develop targeted shRNA therapy, we have identified that as a specific binder of the asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR), jetPEI-Hepatocyte delivers pGenesil-siHBV4 and pGenesil-siSurvivin specifically to hepatocytes, not other types of cells. Finally, co-transfection of pGenesil-siHBV4 and pGenesil-siSurvivin exerts synergistic effects in inducing hepatoma cell apoptosis, a novel approach to eliminate hepatoma by downregulating survivin via multiple mechanisms. The application of these novel shRNAs with the jetPEI-Hepatocyte targeting strategy demonstrates the proof-of-principle for a promising approach to inhibit HBV replication and eliminate hepatoma cells with high specificity.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Apoptosis
- Asialoglycoprotein Receptor/genetics
- Asialoglycoprotein Receptor/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/etiology
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/genetics
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/therapy
- DNA, Viral/antagonists & inhibitors
- DNA, Viral/biosynthesis
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Genetic Vectors
- Hepatitis B Surface Antigens/genetics
- Hepatitis B e Antigens/genetics
- Hepatitis B virus/genetics
- Hepatitis B virus/growth & development
- Hepatitis B, Chronic/complications
- Hepatitis B, Chronic/genetics
- Hepatitis B, Chronic/therapy
- Humans
- Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins/genetics
- Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins/metabolism
- Injections, Intravenous
- Liver/pathology
- Liver/virology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Molecular Targeted Therapy
- Organ Specificity
- RNA, Small Interfering/genetics
- RNA, Small Interfering/therapeutic use
- Repressor Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Repressor Proteins/genetics
- Repressor Proteins/metabolism
- Survivin
- Transfection
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingwei Ma
- Department of Immunology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunmei Huang
- Department of Immunology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinxin Yao
- Department of Immunology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuan Shi
- Department of Immunology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lifang Sun
- Department of Immunology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Yuan
- Department of Immunology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Lei
- Department of Immunology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Huifen Zhu
- Department of Immunology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongbo Liu
- Department of Immunology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiongwen Wu
- Department of Immunology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Ning
- Department of Infectious Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun Zhou
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail: (CZ); (GS)
| | - Guanxin Shen
- Department of Immunology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- * E-mail: (CZ); (GS)
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Arora R, Shuda M, Guastafierro A, Feng H, Toptan T, Tolstov Y, Normolle D, Vollmer LL, Vogt A, Dömling A, Brodsky JL, Chang Y, Moore PS. Survivin is a therapeutic target in Merkel cell carcinoma. Sci Transl Med 2012; 4:133ra56. [PMID: 22572880 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3003713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCV) causes ~80% of primary and metastatic Merkel cell carcinomas (MCCs). By comparing digital transcriptome subtraction deep-sequencing profiles, we found that transcripts of the cellular survivin oncoprotein [BIRC5a (baculoviral inhibitor of apoptosis repeat-containing 5)] were up-regulated sevenfold in virus-positive compared to virus-negative MCC tumors. Knockdown of MCV large T antigen in MCV-positive MCC cell lines decreased survivin mRNA and protein expression. Exogenously expressed MCV large T antigen increased survivin protein expression in non-MCC primary cells. This required an intact retinoblastoma protein-targeting domain that activated survivin gene transcription as well as expression of other G(1)-S-phase proteins including E2F1 and cyclin E. Survivin expression is critical to the survival of MCV-positive MCC cells. A small-molecule survivin inhibitor, YM155, potently and selectively initiates irreversible, nonapoptotic, programmed MCV-positive MCC cell death. Of 1360 other chemotherapeutic and pharmacologically active compounds screened in vitro, only bortezomib (Velcade) was found to be similarly potent, but was not selective in killing MCV-positive MCC cells. YM155 halted the growth of MCV-positive MCC xenograft tumors and was nontoxic in mice, whereas bortezomib was not active in vivo and mice displayed serious morbidity. Xenograft tumors resumed growth once YM155 treatment was stopped, suggesting that YM155 may be cytostatic rather than cytotoxic in vivo. Identifying the cellular pathways, such as those involving survivin, that are targeted by tumor viruses can lead to rapid and rational identification of drug candidates for treating virus-induced cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reety Arora
- Cancer Virology Program, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
HIV-TAT-fused FHIT protein functions as a potential pro-apoptotic molecule in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Biosci Rep 2012; 32:271-9. [PMID: 21679157 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20110033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that FHIT (fragile histidine triad) is a bona fide tumour suppressor gene in a large fraction of human tumours, including hepatocellular cancer. A virus-based delivery system has been developed to transfer the FHIT gene into many types of cancer cells to inhibit growth or even induce apoptosis. However, a protein-based replacement strategy for FHIT has not been performed in cancer cells. Here, we used HIV-TAT (transactivator of transcription)-derived peptide to transfer the purified FHIT protein into HCC (hepatocellular carcinoma) cells and determine the biological effect of this fusion protein in inducing apoptosis. Affinity chromatography was used to purify TAT peptide-fused human FHIT (TAT-FHIT) protein from BL21 Escherichia coli. Immunofluorescence staining and Western blot analysis were performed to identify the expression and internalization of TAT-FHIT in HCC cells compared with the purified FHIT protein. Our study showed that TAT-FHIT protein can translocate into cancer cells in 1 h after incubation at 37°C. Furthermore, the results of MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide] assay, Annexin-V staining and Western blotting demonstrated that TAT-FHIT can robustly inhibit growth and induce apoptosis of HCC cells in vitro. In addition, a mechanistic study showed that both exogenous and intrinsic apoptotic pathways were involved in TAT-FHIT-mediated apoptosis and this effect could be attenuated partially by a mitochondrial protector TAT-BH4, indicating that mitochondrion plays a critical role in TAT-FHIT-mediated pro-apoptotic effect in cancer cells. Taken together, our study suggests that TAT-FHIT is a potential pro-apoptotic molecule in HCC cells and strengthen the hypothesis of its therapeutic application against HCC.
Collapse
|
29
|
Lyra-González I, Flores-Fong LE, González-García I, Medina-Preciado D, Armendáriz-Borunda J. Adenoviral gene therapy in hepatocellular carcinoma: a review. Hepatol Int 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s12072-012-9367-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
30
|
Chen ZY, Liang K, Sheng XJ, Si-Tu B, Sun XF, Liu JQ, Qiu RX, Zhang H, Li YW, Zhou XX, Yu JX. Optimization and apoptosis induction by RNAi with UTMD technology in vitro. Oncol Lett 2012; 3:1030-1036. [PMID: 22783386 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2012.610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2011] [Accepted: 12/14/2011] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis induction by short hairpin RNA (shRNA) expression vectors may be an efficient and promising strategy for cancer gene therapy. Ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction (UTMD) is an appealing technique; however, there few data are available to demonstrate the feasibility and to optimize the methodology for this technology. The aim of this study was to optimize this technique and to elucidate the effects on gene inhibition and apoptosis induction in vitro. Human cervical cancer cell lines were obtained and cultured.shRNA vectors were constructed, and the UTMD technique was examined to determine whether or not it was suitable for shRNA transfection into cells. Cells were then examined using flow cytometry. The results revealed that the optimal irradiation parameters obtained higher transfection efficiency and did not affect the integrity of plasmid DNA. We concluded that survivin downregulation with shRNA expression vectors, mediated by the optimal UTMD parameters, markedly induced cell apoptosis and caused cell cycle arrest, laying a foundation for further investigation of this cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Yi Chen
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, P.R. China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
MicroRNA-203 leads to G1 phase cell cycle arrest in laryngeal carcinoma cells by directly targeting survivin. FEBS Lett 2012; 586:804-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2012.01.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2011] [Revised: 01/22/2012] [Accepted: 01/23/2012] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
|
32
|
Yu X, Zhang X, Dhakal IB, Beggs M, Kadlubar S, Luo D. Induction of cell proliferation and survival genes by estradiol-repressed microRNAs in breast cancer cells. BMC Cancer 2012; 12:29. [PMID: 22260523 PMCID: PMC3274428 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-12-29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2011] [Accepted: 01/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In estrogen responsive MCF-7 cells, estradiol (E2) binding to ERα leads to transcriptional regulation of genes involved in the control of cell proliferation and survival. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as key post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression. The aim of this study was to explore whether miRNAs were involved in hormonally regulated expression of estrogen responsive genes. Methods Western blot and QPCR were used to determine the expression of estrogen responsive genes and miRNAs respectively. Target gene expression regulated by miRNAs was validated by luciferase reporter assays and transfection of miRNA mimics or inhibitors. Cell proliferation was evaluated by MTS assay. Results E2 significantly induced bcl-2, cyclin D1 and survivin expression by suppressing the levels of a panel of miRNAs (miR-16, miR-143, miR-203) in MCF-7 cells. MiRNA transfection and luciferase assay confirmed that bcl-2 was regulated by miR-16 and miR-143, cyclinD1 was modulated by miR-16. Importantly, survivin was found to be targeted by miR-16, miR-143, miR-203. The regulatory effect of E2 can be either abrogated by anti-estrogen ICI 182, 780 and raloxifene pretreatment, or impaired by ERα siRNA, indicating the regulation is dependent on ERα. In order to investigate the functional significance of these miRNAs in estrogen responsive cells, miRNAs mimics were transfected into MCF-7 cells. It revealed that overexpression of these miRNAs significantly inhibited E2-induced cell proliferation. Further study of the expression of the miRNAs indicated that miR-16, miR-143 and miR-203 were highly expressed in triple positive breast cancer tissues, suggesting a potential tumor suppressing effect of these miRNAs in ER positive breast cancer. Conclusions These results demonstrate that E2 induces bcl-2, cyclin D1 and survivin by orchestrating the coordinate downregulation of a panel of miRNAs. In turn, the miRNAs manifest growth suppressive effects and control cell proliferation in response to E2. This sheds a new insight into the integral post-transcriptional regulation of cell proliferation and survival genes by miRNAs, a potential therapeutic option for breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinfeng Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Chemical Biology & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, 100069 Beijing, China.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Hendruschk S, Wiedemuth R, Aigner A, Töpfer K, Cartellieri M, Martin D, Kirsch M, Ikonomidou C, Schackert G, Temme A. RNA interference targeting survivin exerts antitumoral effects in vitro and in established glioma xenografts in vivo. Neuro Oncol 2011; 13:1074-89. [PMID: 21788344 PMCID: PMC3177660 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nor098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant glioma represents the most common primary adult brain tumor in Western industrialized countries. Despite aggressive treatment modalities, the median survival duration for patients with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the highest grade malignant glioma, has not improved significantly over past decades. One promising approach to deal with GBM is the inactivation of proteins essential for survival or progression of glioma cells by means of RNA interference (RNAi) techniques. A likely candidate for an RNAi therapy of gliomas is the inhibitor of apoptosis protein survivin. Survivin is involved in 2 main cellular processes-cell division and inhibition of apoptosis. We show here that stable RNAi of survivin induced polyploidy, apoptosis, and impaired proliferation of human U343-MG, U373-MG, H4, and U87-MG cells and of primary glioblastoma cells. Proteome profiler arrays using U373-MG cells identified a novel set of differentially expressed genes upon RNAi-mediated survivin knockdown. In particular, the death receptor TRAIL R2/DR5 was strongly upregulated in survivin-depleted glioma cells, inducing an enhanced cytotoxic response of allogeneic human NK cells. Moreover, an experimental in vivo therapy using polyethylenimine (PEI)/siRNA complexes for survivin knockdown efficiently blocked tumor growth of established subcutaneous U373-MG tumors and enhanced survival of NMRI(nu/nu) mice orthopically transplanted with U87-MG cells. We conclude that survivin is functionally relevant in gliomas and that PEI-mediated exogenous delivery of siRNA targeting survivin is a promising strategy for glioblastoma therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandy Hendruschk
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Wang P, Zhen H, Zhang J, Zhang W, Zhang R, Cheng X, Guo G, Mao X, Wang J, Zhang X. Survivin promotes glioma angiogenesis through vascular endothelial growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor in vitro and in vivo. Mol Carcinog 2011; 51:586-95. [PMID: 21761458 DOI: 10.1002/mc.20829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2010] [Revised: 05/19/2011] [Accepted: 06/22/2011] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Survivin is involved in multiple signaling mechanisms in tumor maintenance, and accumulated studies elucidate that knockdown of survivin in endothelial cells could inhibit angiogenesis; however, the role of survivin in tumor cells to regulate tumor-derived angiogenesis remains largely unclear. In the present study 80 cases of brain glioma were chosen and protein expressions of survivin, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) in glioma cells were investigated by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were cocultured with human glioma U251 wild-type cells, U251 cells survivin silenced, SHG44 wild-type cells, and SHG44 survivin-overexpressing cells, respectively. The proliferation and migration of HUVEC were evaluated by MTT assay and transwell chamber assay. The microvessels density (MVD) marked by CD31 expression in vascular endothelial cells in glioma xenografts in nude mice was detected by IHC. VEGF, bFGF, and PDGF in the aforementioned cells were detected by quantitive PCR (qPCR), Western blot, ELISA, and IHC in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that VEGF immunoreactivity score (IRS), bFGF IRS, and PDGF IRS were all positively correlated with survivin IRS in gliomas, respectively (P < 0.01). Survivin in human glioma cells could significantly promote the proliferation and migration of HUVEC and increase MVD, which could be contributed to survivin-dependent burst of VEGF and bFGF expression, followed by increase of tumor growth and proliferation. In summary, survivin, through upregulation of VEGF and bFGF, plays an essential role during glioma angiogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery of Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
FHL2 exhibits anti-proliferative and anti-apoptotic activities in liver cancer cells. Cancer Lett 2011; 304:97-106. [PMID: 21377781 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2011.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2010] [Revised: 01/20/2011] [Accepted: 02/02/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
FHL2 displays tumor promoting or tumor suppressing activities depending on the types of tumor cells. In this study, we demonstrated that FHL2 overexpression inhibits the proliferation of human HCC cells Hep3B through cell cycle regulation by decreasing cyclin D1 expression while increasing the expressions of p21 and p27. FHL2 overexpression also inhibits migration and invasion of Hep3B cells through the regulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Surprisingly, we also demonstrated an antiapoptotic function for FHL2 overexpression with increased resistance to doxorubicin-induced apoptosis, which indicates the separation of anti-proliferative and anti-apoptotic role of FHL2. Taken together, our results indicate FHL2 could exert anti-apoptotic effect independent of tumor growth suppression.
Collapse
|