1
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Honda S, Matsuda T, Fujimuro M, Sekine Y. Tyrosinase regulates the motility of human melanoma cell line A375 through its hydroxylase enzymatic activity. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 707:149785. [PMID: 38503150 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Melanoma, originating from melanocytes, is a highly aggressive tumor. Tyrosinase is involved in melanin production in melanocytes, and its overexpression is noted in malignant melanomas. However, the role of tyrosinase in melanomas remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the potential functions of tyrosinase in the human melanoma cell line A375. The expression level of tyrosinase in A375 cells was undetectable. However, markedly increased expression level was observed in the mouse melanoma cell line B16F10 and the human melanoma cell line WM266-4. Subsequently, we investigated the effect of ectopic tyrosinase expression on A375 cell motility using wound-healing assay. The overexpression of tyrosinase resulted in enhanced cell migration in both stable and transient tyrosinase expression cells. The levels of filamentous actin were decreased in tyrosinase-expressing A375 cells, suggesting that tyrosinase regulates cell motility by modulating actin polymerization. Histidine residues in tyrosinase are important for its enzymatic activity for synthesizing melanin. Substitution of these histidine residues to alanine residues mitigated the promotion of tyrosinase-induced A375 cell metastasis. Furthermore, melanin treatment enhanced A375 cell metastasis and phosphorylation of Cofilin. Thus, our findings suggest that tyrosinase increases the migration of A375 cells by regulating actin polymerization through its enzymatic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachie Honda
- Department of Cell Biology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, 607-8412, Japan
| | - Tadashi Matsuda
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Masahiro Fujimuro
- Department of Cell Biology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, 607-8412, Japan
| | - Yuichi Sekine
- Department of Cell Biology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, 607-8412, Japan.
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2
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Tan Y, Chen H, Gou X, Fan Q, Chen J. Tumor vaccines: Toward multidimensional anti-tumor therapies. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2023; 19:2271334. [PMID: 37905395 PMCID: PMC10760370 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2023.2271334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
For decades, immunotherapies have offered hope for patients with advanced cancer. However, they show distinct benefits and limited clinical effects. Tumor vaccines have the potential to prime tumor-antigen-specific T cells and induce broad subsets of immune responses, ultimately eradicating tumor cells. Here, we classify tumor vaccines by their anti-tumor mechanisms, which include boosting the immune system, overcoming tumor immunosuppression, and modulating tumor angiogenesis. We focus on multidimensional tumor vaccine strategies using combinations of two or three of the above mechanisms, as these are superior to single-dimensional treatments. This review offers a perspective on tumor vaccine strategies and the future role of vaccine therapies in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanfang Tan
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Huiyuan Chen
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xi Gou
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Qiuying Fan
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Juanjuan Chen
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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3
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Tumor antigen-loaded AAV vaccine drives protective immunity in a melanoma animal model. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2023; 28:301-311. [PMID: 36851984 PMCID: PMC9957711 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2023.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
We previously described therapeutic opportunities provided by capsid- and expression cassette-optimized adeno-associated virus serotype 6 (AAV6) vectors to suppress tumor growth in both solid and metastatic mouse models by using artificial ovalbumin (OVA) immunogen. In the current study, we further elucidated the mechanism of function of a novel AAV-based vaccine loaded with the melanoma tumor-associated antigens premelanosome protein gp100, tyrosinase (Tyr), tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TRP1), and dopachrome tautomerase (TRP2). We showed that the AAV6-based vaccine creates cellular and humoral antigen-specific responses, while antigen expression at the site of vaccine injection was temporal, and the clearance of antigen coincided with T cell infiltration. Our data revealed the superior protective immune response of optimized AAV6-TRP1 compared with other self-antigens in a disease-free mouse model. We further assessed the ability of AAV6-TRP1 to protect animals from metastatic spread in the lungs and to extend animal survival by inhibiting solid tumor growth. Flow cytometry-based analysis indicated significant infiltration of CD8+ T cells and natural killer (NK) cells in the tumor site, as well as changes in the polarization of intratumoral macrophages. Altogether, our data strongly support the use of optimized AAV vectors for cancer vaccine development.
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4
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Irfan A, Faisal S, Ahmad S, Al-Hussain SA, Javed S, Zahoor AF, Parveen B, Zaki MEA. Structure-Based Virtual Screening of Furan-1,3,4-Oxadiazole Tethered N-phenylacetamide Derivatives as Novel Class of hTYR and hTYRP1 Inhibitors. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16030344. [PMID: 36986444 PMCID: PMC10059052 DOI: 10.3390/ph16030344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Human tyrosinase (hTYR) is a key and rate-limiting enzyme along with human tyrosinase-related protein-1 (hTYRP1), which are among the most prominent targets of inhibiting hyper pigmentation and melanoma skin cancer. In the current in-silico computer-aided drug design (CADD) study, the structure-based screening of sixteen furan-1,3,4-oxadiazole tethered N-phenylacetamide structural motifs BF1-BF16 was carried out to assess their potential as hTYR and hTYRP1 inhibitors. The results revealed that the structural motifs BF1-BF16 showed higher binding affinities towards hTYR and hTYRP1 than the standard inhibitor kojic acid. The most bioactive lead furan-1,3,4-oxadiazoles BF4 and BF5 displayed stronger binding in affinities (-11.50 kcal/mol and -13.30 kcal/mol) than the standard drug kojic acid against hTYRP1 and hTYR enzymes, respectively. These were further confirmed by MM-GBSA and MM-PBSA binding energy computations. The stability studies involving the molecular dynamics simulations also provided stability insights into the binding of these compounds with the target enzymes, wherein it was found that they remain stable in the active sites during the 100 ns virtual simulation time. Moreover, the ADMET, as well as the medicinal properties of these novel furan-1,3,4-oxadiazole tethered N-phenylacetamide structural hybrids, also showed a good prospect. The excellent in-silico profiling of furan-1,3,4--oxadiazole structural motifs BF4 and BF5 provide a hypothetical gateway to use these compounds as potential hTYRP1 and hTYR inhibitors against melanogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Irfan
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Shah Faisal
- Department of Chemistry, Islamia College University Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan
| | - Sajjad Ahmad
- Department of Health and Biological Sciences, Abasyn University, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan
| | - Sami A Al-Hussain
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sadia Javed
- Department of Biochemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Ameer Fawad Zahoor
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Bushra Parveen
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Magdi E A Zaki
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
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5
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Firefly luciferase-based chronological measurement of effector CD8 + T-cell activity using a multi-chamber luminometer. Bioanalysis 2022; 14:1413-1421. [PMID: 36655683 DOI: 10.4155/bio-2022-0208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Although cell-mediated cytotoxicity has been evaluated with various protocols, methods for monitoring cytotoxicity in a time series have not been established. This work describes a method for evaluating cytotoxicity using a multi-chamber real-time luminometer. Materials & methods: The efficiency of effector CD8+ T-cell expansion from melanoma-bearing splenocytes was analyzed. The effect of CD8+ T cells on the viability of luciferase-expressing target cells was measured by bioluminescence. Results: Melanoma-specific effector CD8+ T cells were differentiated by in vitro coculture. The melanoma cell growth was significantly inhibited in the presence of in vitro-expanded T cells in the bioluminescence-based time-lapse analysis. Conclusion: The bioluminescence-based assay is a useful method for monitoring the time course of cell viability of target tumor cells.
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Martínez-Puente DH, Pérez-Trujillo JJ, Zavala-Flores LM, García-García A, Villanueva-Olivo A, Rodríguez-Rocha H, Valdés J, Saucedo-Cárdenas O, Montes de Oca-Luna R, Loera-Arias MDJ. Plasmid DNA for Therapeutic Applications in Cancer. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14091861. [PMID: 36145609 PMCID: PMC9503848 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14091861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, the interest in using nucleic acids for therapeutic applications has been increasing. DNA molecules can be manipulated to express a gene of interest for gene therapy applications or vaccine development. Plasmid DNA can be developed to treat different diseases, such as infections and cancer. In most cancers, the immune system is limited or suppressed, allowing cancer cells to grow. DNA vaccination has demonstrated its capacity to stimulate the immune system to fight against cancer cells. Furthermore, plasmids for cancer gene therapy can direct the expression of proteins with different functions, such as enzymes, toxins, and cytotoxic or proapoptotic proteins, to directly kill cancer cells. The progress and promising results reported in animal models in recent years have led to interesting clinical results. These DNA strategies are expected to be approved for cancer treatment in the near future. This review discusses the main strategies, challenges, and future perspectives of using plasmid DNA for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - José Juan Pérez-Trujillo
- Histology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon (UANL), Monterrey 64460, Mexico
| | - Laura Mireya Zavala-Flores
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Northeast Biomedical Research Center (CIBIN) of IMSS, Nuevo Leon Delegation, Monterrey 64720, Mexico
| | - Aracely García-García
- Histology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon (UANL), Monterrey 64460, Mexico
| | - Arnulfo Villanueva-Olivo
- Histology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon (UANL), Monterrey 64460, Mexico
| | - Humberto Rodríguez-Rocha
- Histology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon (UANL), Monterrey 64460, Mexico
| | - Jesús Valdés
- Departamento de Bioquímica, CINVESTAV-México, Av. IPN 2508, Colonia San Pedro Zacatenco, Mexico City 07360, Mexico
| | - Odila Saucedo-Cárdenas
- Histology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon (UANL), Monterrey 64460, Mexico
| | - Roberto Montes de Oca-Luna
- Histology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon (UANL), Monterrey 64460, Mexico
- Correspondence: (R.M.d.O.-L.); (M.d.J.L.-A.); Tel.: +52-81-8329-4195 (R.M.d.O.-L. & M.d.J.L.-A.)
| | - María de Jesús Loera-Arias
- Histology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon (UANL), Monterrey 64460, Mexico
- Correspondence: (R.M.d.O.-L.); (M.d.J.L.-A.); Tel.: +52-81-8329-4195 (R.M.d.O.-L. & M.d.J.L.-A.)
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7
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Rezaei T, Davoudian E, Khalili S, Amini M, Hejazi M, de la Guardia M, Mokhtarzadeh A. Strategies in DNA vaccine for melanoma cancer. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2021; 34:869-891. [PMID: 33089665 DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.12933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
According to reports of the international agency for cancer on research, although malignant melanoma shows less prevalence than nonmelanoma skin cancers, it is the major cause of skin cancer mortality. Given that, the production of effective vaccines to control melanoma is eminently required. In this regard, DNA-based vaccines have been extensively investigated for melanoma therapy. DNA vaccines are capable of inducing both cellular and humoral branches of immune responses. These vaccines possess some valuable advantages such as lack of severe side effects and high stability compared to conventional vaccination methods. The ongoing studies are focused on novel strategies in the development of DNA vaccines encoding artificial polyepitope immunogens based on the multiple melanoma antigens, the inclusion of molecular adjuvants to increase the level of immune responses, and the improvement of delivery approaches. In this review, we have outlined the recent advances in the field of melanoma DNA vaccines and described their implications in clinical trials as a strong strategy in the prevention and control of melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tayebeh Rezaei
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Science, Arak, Iran
| | - Elham Davoudian
- Department of Microbiology, School of Paramedical Sciences, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Saeed Khalili
- Department of Biology Sciences, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amini
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Hejazi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Ahad Mokhtarzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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8
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Bordoloi D, Xiao P, Choi H, Ho M, Perales-Puchalt A, Khoshnejad M, Kim JJ, Humeau L, Srinivasan A, Weiner DB, Muthumani K. Immunotherapy of prostate cancer using novel synthetic DNA vaccines targeting multiple tumor antigens. Genes Cancer 2021; 12:51-64. [PMID: 33884106 PMCID: PMC8045963 DOI: 10.18632/genesandcancer.214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is a prevalent cancer in men and consists of both indolent and aggressive phenotypes. While active surveillance is recommended for the former, current treatments for the latter include surgery, radiation, chemo and hormonal therapy. It has been observed that the recurrence in the treated patients is high and results in castration resistant prostate cancer for which treatment options are limited. This scenario has prompted us to consider immunotherapy with synthetic DNA vaccines, as this approach can generate antigen-specific tumor-killing immune cells. Given the multifocal and heterogeneous nature of prostate cancer, we hypothesized that synthetic DNA vaccines targeting different prostate specific antigens are likely to induce broader and improved immunity who are at high risk as well as advanced clinical stage of prostate cancer, compared to a single antigen approach. Utilizing a bioinformatics approach, synthetic enhanced DNA vaccine (SEV) constructs were generated against STEAP1, PAP, PARM1, PSCA, PCTA and PSP94. Synthetic enhanced vaccines for prostate cancer antigens were shown to elicit antigen-specific immune responses in mice and the anti-tumor activity was evident in a prostate tumor challenge mouse model. These studies support further evaluation of the DNA tools for immunotherapy of prostate cancer and perhaps other cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devivasha Bordoloi
- 1Vaccine & Immunotherapy Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA,
USA,*authors contributed equally
| | - Peng Xiao
- 1Vaccine & Immunotherapy Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA,
USA,*authors contributed equally
| | - Hyeree Choi
- 1Vaccine & Immunotherapy Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA,
USA
| | - Michelle Ho
- 1Vaccine & Immunotherapy Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA,
USA
| | | | - Makan Khoshnejad
- 1Vaccine & Immunotherapy Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA,
USA
| | | | | | | | - David B. Weiner
- 1Vaccine & Immunotherapy Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA,
USA
| | - Kar Muthumani
- 1Vaccine & Immunotherapy Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA,
USA,4GeneOne Life Science Inc., Seoul, Korea
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9
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Kerr MD, McBride DA, Chumber AK, Shah NJ. Combining therapeutic vaccines with chemo- and immunotherapies in the treatment of cancer. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2020; 16:89-99. [PMID: 32867561 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2020.1811673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Breakthroughs in cancer immunotherapy have spurred interest in the development of vaccines to mediate prophylactic protection and therapeutic efficacy against primary tumors or to prevent relapse. However, immunosuppressive mechanisms employed by cancer cells to generate effective resistance have hampered clinical translation of therapeutic cancer vaccines. To enhance vaccine efficacy, the immunomodulatory properties of cytoreductive therapies could amplify a cancer-specific immune response. AREAS COVERED Herein, the authors discuss therapeutic cancer vaccines that harness whole cells and antigen-targeted vaccines. First, recent advancements in both autologous and allogeneic whole-cell vaccines and combinations with checkpoint blockade and chemotherapy are reviewed. Next, tumor antigen-targeted vaccines using peptide-based vaccines and DNA-vaccines are discussed. Finally, combination therapies using antigen-targeted vaccines are reviewed. EXPERT OPINION A deeper understanding of the immunostimulatory properties of cytoreductive therapies has supported their utility in combination therapies involving cancer vaccines as a potential strategy to induce a durable anti-tumor immune response for multiple types of cancers. Based on current evidence, combination therapies may have synergies that depend on the identity of the cytotoxic agent, vaccine target, dosing schedule, and cancer type. Together, these observations suggest that combining cancer vaccines with immunomodulatory cytoreductive therapy is a promising strategy for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D Kerr
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California , San Diego, CA, USA.,Program in Chemical Engineering, University of California , San Diego, CA, USA.,Center for Nano-Immuno Engineering, University of California , San Diego, CA, USA
| | - David A McBride
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California , San Diego, CA, USA.,Program in Chemical Engineering, University of California , San Diego, CA, USA.,Center for Nano-Immuno Engineering, University of California , San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Arun K Chumber
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California , San Diego, CA, USA.,Program in Chemical Engineering, University of California , San Diego, CA, USA.,Center for Nano-Immuno Engineering, University of California , San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Nisarg J Shah
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California , San Diego, CA, USA.,Program in Chemical Engineering, University of California , San Diego, CA, USA.,Center for Nano-Immuno Engineering, University of California , San Diego, CA, USA.,Program in Immunology, University of California , San Diego, CA, USA.,San Diego Center for Precision Immunotherapy, Moores Cancer Center, University of California , San Diego, CA, USA
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10
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Sun X, Zeng L, Huang Y. Transcutaneous delivery of DNA/mRNA for cancer therapeutic vaccination. J Gene Med 2019; 21:e3089. [PMID: 30958606 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.3089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 03/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic vaccination is a promising strategy for the immunotherapy of cancers. It eradicates cancer cells by evoking and strengthening the patient's own immune system. Because of the easy access and sophisticated immune networks, the skin becomes an ideal target organ for vaccination. Genetic vaccines have been widely investigated, with the advantages of the delivery of multiple antigens and a lower cost for production compared to protein/peptide vaccines. This review summarizes the advances made with respect to the transcutaneous delivery of DNA/mRNA for cancer therapeutic vaccination and also gives a brief description of the immunological milieu of the skin and the importance of dendritic cell-targeting in vaccine delivery, as well as the technologies that aim to facilitate antigen delivery and modulate antigen-presenting cells, thus improving cellular responses. The applications of genetic vaccines encoding tumor antigens delivered through the skin route, both in preclinical and clinical trials, are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Sun
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Linghui Zeng
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yongzhuo Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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11
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Beberok A, Rzepka Z, Respondek M, Rok J, Stradowski M, Wrześniok D. Moxifloxacin as an inducer of apoptosis in melanoma cells: A study at the cellular and molecular level. Toxicol In Vitro 2019; 55:75-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2018.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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12
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Provinciali M, Barucca A, Orlando F, Pierpaoli E. Booster immunizations with DNA plasmids encoding HER-2/neu prevent spontaneous mammary cancer in HER-2/neu transgenic mice over life span. Sci Rep 2017; 7:3078. [PMID: 28596550 PMCID: PMC5465096 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-03286-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer vaccines are less effective at old than at young age because of immunosenescence. Besides, in preliminary observations we showed that the immunization with HER-2/neu DNA plasmid in transgenic young mice (standard immunization, SI) delays but not abrogate spontaneous mammary tumours progressively appearing during aging. In this study we evaluated whether booster immunizations (BI) of HER-2/neu transgenic mice with HER-2/neu DNA plasmids every 6 (ECD6), 3 (ECD3), or 1.5 (ECD1.5) months after SI induce a protective immunity that could be maintained over life span. The long term BI significantly improved the effect of SI increasing the number of tumour free mice at 110 weeks of age from 13% (SI) to 58% (BI). Both the number and the volume of tumour masses were reduced in BI than in SI groups. The protective effect of BI was associated with increased antibody production with isotype switching to IgG2a, augmented CD4 T cells, and increased in vivo cytotoxicity of HER-2/neu specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes, mainly in ECD1.5 and ECD3 groups. The transfer of sera from ECD1.5 mice to untreated HER-2/neu mice highly protected against tumour development than sera from SI mice. We conclude that BI induce a protective immunity effective over life span.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Provinciali
- Advanced Technology Center for Aging Research, Scientific Technological Area, IRCCS-INRCA, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Barucca
- Advanced Technology Center for Aging Research, Scientific Technological Area, IRCCS-INRCA, Ancona, Italy
| | - Fiorenza Orlando
- Advanced Technology Center for Aging Research, Scientific Technological Area, IRCCS-INRCA, Ancona, Italy
| | - Elisa Pierpaoli
- Advanced Technology Center for Aging Research, Scientific Technological Area, IRCCS-INRCA, Ancona, Italy
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13
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Niu J, Chu Y, Huang YF, Chong YS, Jiang ZH, Mao ZW, Peng LH, Gao JQ. Transdermal Gene Delivery by Functional Peptide-Conjugated Cationic Gold Nanoparticle Reverses the Progression and Metastasis of Cutaneous Melanoma. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:9388-9401. [PMID: 28252938 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b16378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Permeability barrier imposed by stratum corneum makes an extreme challenge for the topical delivery of plasmid DNA (pDNA), which is widely used in gene therapy. Existing techniques to overcome the skin barrier for bio-macromolecules delivery rely on sophisticated mechanical devices. It is still a big challenge to treat the skin cancer, for example, melanoma, that initiates in the dermal layer by topical gene therapy. To facilitate the skin penetration of pDNA deeply into the melanoma tissues, we here present a cell-penetrating peptide and cationic poly(ethyleneimine) conjugated gold nanoparticle (AuPT) that can compact the pDNAs into cationic nanocomplexes and penetrate through the intact stratum corneum without any additional enhancement used. Moreover, the AuPT is highly efficient in stimulating the intracellular uptake and nuclear targeting of the pDNAs in cells, which guarantees the effective transfection. This study provides evidence that penetrating peptide conjugated cationic gold nanoparticle offers a promising vehicle for both the skin penetration and transfection of pDNAs, possessing great potential in topical gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Niu
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
| | - Yang Chu
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Fen Huang
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
| | - Yee-Song Chong
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Hong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology , Macau, P. R. China
| | - Zheng-Wei Mao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Li-Hua Peng
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology , Macau, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Qing Gao
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
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14
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Abstract
DNA vaccines offer many advantages over other anti-tumor vaccine approaches due to their simplicity, ease of manufacturing, and safety. Results from several clinical trials in patients with cancer have demonstrated that DNA vaccines are safe and can elicit immune responses. However, to date few DNA vaccines have progressed beyond phase I clinical trial evaluation. Studies into the mechanism of action of DNA vaccines in terms of antigen-presenting cell types able to directly present or cross-present DNA-encoded antigens, and the activation of innate immune responses due to DNA itself, have suggested opportunities to increase the immunogenicity of these vaccines. In addition, studies into the mechanisms of tumor resistance to anti-tumor vaccination have suggested combination approaches that can increase the anti-tumor effect of DNA vaccines. This review focuses on these mechanisms of action and mechanisms of resistance using DNA vaccines, and how this information is being used to improve the anti-tumor effect of DNA vaccines. These approaches are then specifically discussed in the context of human prostate cancer, a disease for which DNA vaccines have been and continue to be explored as treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher D Zahm
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, United States
| | - Viswa Teja Colluru
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, United States
| | - Douglas G McNeel
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, United States.
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15
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Fernando GJP, Zhang J, Ng HI, Haigh OL, Yukiko SR, Kendall MAF. Influenza nucleoprotein DNA vaccination by a skin targeted, dry coated, densely packed microprojection array (Nanopatch) induces potent antibody and CD8(+) T cell responses. J Control Release 2016; 237:35-41. [PMID: 27381247 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.06.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Revised: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
DNA vaccines have many advantages such as thermostability and the ease and rapidity of manufacture; for example, in an influenza pandemic situation where rapid production of vaccine is essential. However, immunogenicity of DNA vaccines was shown to be poor in humans unless large doses of DNA are used. If a highly efficacious DNA vaccine delivery system could be identified, then DNA vaccines have the potential to displace protein vaccines. In this study, we show in a C57BL/6 mouse model, that the Nanopatch, a microprojection array of high density (>21,000 projections/cm(2)), could be used to deliver influenza nucleoprotein DNA vaccine to skin, to generate enhanced antigen specific antibody and CD8(+) T cell responses compared to the conventional intramuscular (IM) delivery by the needle and syringe. Antigen specific antibody was measured using ELISA assays of mice vaccinated with a DNA plasmid containing the nucleoprotein gene of influenza type A/WSN/33 (H1N1). Antigen specific CD8(+) T cell responses were measured ex-vivo in splenocytes of mice using IFN-γ ELISPOT assays. These results and our previous antibody and CD4(+) T cell results using the Nanopatch delivered HSV DNA vaccine indicate that the Nanopatch is an effective delivery system of general utility that could potentially be used in humans to increase the potency of the DNA vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Germain J P Fernando
- The University of Queensland, Delivery of Drugs and Genes Group (D(2)G(2)), Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.
| | - Jin Zhang
- The University of Queensland, Delivery of Drugs and Genes Group (D(2)G(2)), Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Hwee-Ing Ng
- The University of Queensland, Delivery of Drugs and Genes Group (D(2)G(2)), Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Oscar L Haigh
- The University of Queensland, Delivery of Drugs and Genes Group (D(2)G(2)), Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Sally R Yukiko
- The University of Queensland, Delivery of Drugs and Genes Group (D(2)G(2)), Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Mark A F Kendall
- The University of Queensland, Delivery of Drugs and Genes Group (D(2)G(2)), Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia; The University of Queensland, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Clinical Research, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, Queensland 4006, Australia.
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16
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Lin TE, Bondarenko A, Lesch A, Pick H, Cortés-Salazar F, Girault HH. Untersuchung der Tyrosinase-Expression in nicht-metastatischen und metastatischen Melanomgeweben durch elektrochemische Rastersondenmikroskopie. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201509397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-En Lin
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Physique et Analytique; École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL Valais Wallis; CH-1951 Sion Schweiz
| | - Alexandra Bondarenko
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Physique et Analytique; École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL Valais Wallis; CH-1951 Sion Schweiz
| | - Andreas Lesch
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Physique et Analytique; École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL Valais Wallis; CH-1951 Sion Schweiz
| | - Horst Pick
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Polymers and Membranes; École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne; CH-1015 Lausanne Schweiz
| | - Fernando Cortés-Salazar
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Physique et Analytique; École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL Valais Wallis; CH-1951 Sion Schweiz
| | - Hubert H. Girault
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Physique et Analytique; École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL Valais Wallis; CH-1951 Sion Schweiz
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17
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Lin TE, Bondarenko A, Lesch A, Pick H, Cortés-Salazar F, Girault HH. Monitoring Tyrosinase Expression in Non-metastatic and Metastatic Melanoma Tissues by Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:3813-6. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201509397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Revised: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-En Lin
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Physique et Analytique; École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL Valais Wallis; CH-1951 Sion Switzerland
| | - Alexandra Bondarenko
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Physique et Analytique; École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL Valais Wallis; CH-1951 Sion Switzerland
| | - Andreas Lesch
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Physique et Analytique; École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL Valais Wallis; CH-1951 Sion Switzerland
| | - Horst Pick
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Polymers and Membranes; École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne; CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Fernando Cortés-Salazar
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Physique et Analytique; École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL Valais Wallis; CH-1951 Sion Switzerland
| | - Hubert H. Girault
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Physique et Analytique; École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL Valais Wallis; CH-1951 Sion Switzerland
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18
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Mirzaei H, Gholamin S, Shahidsales S, Sahebkar A, Jaafari MR, Mirzaei HR, Hassanian SM, Avan A. MicroRNAs as potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in melanoma. Eur J Cancer 2015; 53:25-32. [PMID: 26693896 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2015.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Revised: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Melanoma is a life-threatening malignancy with poor prognosis and a relatively high burden of mortality in advanced stages. The efficacy of current available therapeutic strategies is limited, with a survival rate of less than 10%. Despite rapid advances in biomarker-guided drug development in different tumour types, including melanoma, only a very small number of biomarkers have been identified. Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as a molecular regulator in the development and progression of melanoma. Aberrant activation of some known miRNAs, e.g. let-7a and b, miR-148, miR-155, miR-182, miR-200c, miR-211, miR-214, miR-221 and 222, has been recognised to be linked with melanoma-associated genes such as NRAS, microphthalmia-associated transcription factor, receptor tyrosine kinase c-KIT, AP-2 transcription factor, etc. There is accumulating evidence suggesting the potential impact of circulating miRNAs as diagnostic and therapeutic markers in diseases. In addition, miRNAs have turned out to play important roles in drug-resistance mechanisms; suggesting their modulation as a potential approach to overcome chemoresistance. This review highlights recent preclinical and clinical studies on circulating miRNAs and their potential role as diagnosis, and therapeutic targets in melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Mirzaei
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sharareh Gholamin
- Institute of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Soodabeh Shahidsales
- Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Reza Jaafari
- Biotechnology Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Mirzaei
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mahdi Hassanian
- Biochemistry of Nutrition Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Microanatomy Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir Avan
- Molecular Medicine Group, Department of Modern Sciences and Technologies, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Biochemistry of Nutrition Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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19
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Bloy N, Buqué A, Aranda F, Castoldi F, Eggermont A, Cremer I, Sautès-Fridman C, Fucikova J, Galon J, Spisek R, Tartour E, Zitvogel L, Kroemer G, Galluzzi L. Trial watch: Naked and vectored DNA-based anticancer vaccines. Oncoimmunology 2015; 4:e1026531. [PMID: 26155408 PMCID: PMC4485755 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2015.1026531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Accepted: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
One type of anticancer vaccine relies on the administration of DNA constructs encoding one or multiple tumor-associated antigens (TAAs). The ultimate objective of these preparations, which can be naked or vectored by non-pathogenic viruses, bacteria or yeast cells, is to drive the synthesis of TAAs in the context of an immunostimulatory milieu, resulting in the (re-)elicitation of a tumor-targeting immune response. In spite of encouraging preclinical results, the clinical efficacy of DNA-based vaccines employed as standalone immunotherapeutic interventions in cancer patients appears to be limited. Thus, efforts are currently being devoted to the development of combinatorial regimens that allow DNA-based anticancer vaccines to elicit clinically relevant immune responses. Here, we discuss recent advances in the preclinical and clinical development of this therapeutic paradigm.
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Key Words
- AFP, α-fetoprotein
- APC, antigen-presenting cell
- CDR, complementarity-determining region
- CEA, carcinoembryonic antigen
- CIN, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia
- CTLA4, cytotoxic T lymphocyte protein 4
- DAMP, damage-associated molecular pattern
- DC, dendritic cell
- FDA, Food and Drug Administration
- GM-CSF, granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor
- GX-188E
- HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma
- HNSCC, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
- HPV, human papillomavirus
- IL, interleukin
- OS, overall survival
- OVA, ovalbumin
- PAP, prostate acid phosphatase
- SCGB2A2, secretoglobin, family 2A, member 2
- SOX2, SRY (sex determining region Y)-box 2
- T, brachyury homolog
- TAA, tumor-associated antigen
- TLR, Toll-like receptor
- TRA, tumor rejection antigen
- Treg, regulatory T cell
- VGX-3100
- WT1, Wilms tumor 1
- adjuvants
- dendritic cell
- electroporation
- mucosal immunity
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Affiliation(s)
- Norma Bloy
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus; Villejuif, France
- INSERM, U1138; Paris, France
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer; Center de Recherche des Cordeliers; Paris, France
| | - Aitziber Buqué
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus; Villejuif, France
- INSERM, U1138; Paris, France
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer; Center de Recherche des Cordeliers; Paris, France
| | - Fernando Aranda
- Group of Immune receptors of the Innate and Adaptive System; Institut d’Investigacions Biomédiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS); Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesca Castoldi
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus; Villejuif, France
- INSERM, U1138; Paris, France
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer; Center de Recherche des Cordeliers; Paris, France
- Faculté de Medicine; Université Paris Sud/Paris XI; Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
- Sotio a.c; Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Isabelle Cremer
- INSERM, U1138; Paris, France
- Equipe 13; Center de Recherche des Cordeliers; Paris, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie/Paris VI; Paris, France
| | - Catherine Sautès-Fridman
- INSERM, U1138; Paris, France
- Equipe 13; Center de Recherche des Cordeliers; Paris, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie/Paris VI; Paris, France
| | - Jitka Fucikova
- Sotio a.c; Prague, Czech Republic
- Dept. of Immunology; 2 Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol; Charles University; Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jérôme Galon
- INSERM, U1138; Paris, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie/Paris VI; Paris, France
- Laboratory of Integrative Cancer Immunology; Center de Recherche des Cordeliers; Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V; Sorbonne Paris Cité; Paris, France
| | - Radek Spisek
- Sotio a.c; Prague, Czech Republic
- Dept. of Immunology; 2 Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol; Charles University; Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Eric Tartour
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V; Sorbonne Paris Cité; Paris, France
- INSERM, U970; Paris, France
- Paris-Cardiovascular Research Center (PARCC); Paris, France
- Service d'Immunologie Biologique; Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou (HEGP); AP-HP; Paris, France
| | - Laurence Zitvogel
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus; Villejuif, France
- INSERM, U1015, CICBT507; Villejuif, France
| | - Guido Kroemer
- INSERM, U1138; Paris, France
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer; Center de Recherche des Cordeliers; Paris, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie/Paris VI; Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V; Sorbonne Paris Cité; Paris, France
- Pôle de Biologie; Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou; AP-HP; Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms; Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus; Villejuif, France
| | - Lorenzo Galluzzi
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus; Villejuif, France
- INSERM, U1138; Paris, France
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer; Center de Recherche des Cordeliers; Paris, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie/Paris VI; Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V; Sorbonne Paris Cité; Paris, France
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20
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Identification of crucial genes in intracranial aneurysm based on weighted gene coexpression network analysis. Cancer Gene Ther 2015; 22:238-45. [DOI: 10.1038/cgt.2015.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Revised: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Tapping the Potential of DNA Delivery with Electroporation for Cancer Immunotherapy. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2015; 405:55-78. [PMID: 25682101 DOI: 10.1007/82_2015_431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a worldwide leading cause of death, and current conventional therapies are limited. The search for alternative preventive or therapeutic solutions is critical if we are going to improve outcomes for patients. The potential for DNA vaccines in the treatment and prevention of cancer has gained great momentum since initial findings almost 2 decades ago that revealed that genetically engineered DNA can elicit an immune response. The combination of adjuvants and an effective delivery method such as electroporation is overcoming past setbacks for naked plasmid DNA (pDNA) as a potential preventive or therapeutic approach to cancer in large animals and humans. In this chapter, we aim to focus on the novel advances in recent years for DNA cancer vaccines, current preclinical data, and the importance of adjuvants and electroporation with emphasis on prostate, melanoma, and cervical cancer.
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