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Dempsey MP, Andersen KE, Wells BM, Taylor MA, Cashman CL, Conrad LB, Kearney CA, Conklin MB, Via ER, Doe EM, Komirisetty R, Dearborn S, Reddy ST, Farias-Eisner R. Stability Characterization of the Novel Anti-Cancer HM-10/10 HDL-Mimetic Peptide. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10054. [PMID: 37373203 PMCID: PMC10298982 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial adenocarcinoma of the ovary and colon are associated with the highest rates of cancer-related deaths in women in the U.S. The literature supports the role of HDL-associated apolipoproteins in the treatment of cancer and other pro-inflammatory diseases. Previously, we developed a novel 20-amino acid mimetic peptide, HM-10/10, which potently inhibits tumor development and growth in colon and ovarian cancer. Here, we report the properties of HM-10/10 relative to its stability in vitro. The results demonstrated that HM-10/10 had the highest half-life in human plasma compared to plasma from other species tested. HM-10/10 demonstrated stability in human plasma and simulated gastric environment, increasing its promise as an oral pharmaceutical. However, under conditions modeling the small intestine, HM-10/10 demonstrated significant degradation, likely due to the peptidases encountered therein. Furthermore, HM-10/10 demonstrated no evidence of time-dependent drug-drug interactions, although it demonstrated CYP450 induction slightly above cutoff. As proteolytic degradation is a common limitation of peptide-based therapeutics, we are pursuing strategies to improve the stability properties of HM-10/10 by extending its bioavailability while retaining its low toxicity profile. HM-10/10 holds promise as a new agent to address the international women's health crisis of epithelial carcinomas of the ovary and colon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael P. Dempsey
- School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA; (M.P.D.); (K.E.A.); (B.M.W.); (M.A.T.); (C.L.C.); (L.B.C.); (C.A.K.); (M.B.C.); (E.R.V.); (E.M.D.)
- David Geffen School of Medicine, The University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Katelyn E. Andersen
- School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA; (M.P.D.); (K.E.A.); (B.M.W.); (M.A.T.); (C.L.C.); (L.B.C.); (C.A.K.); (M.B.C.); (E.R.V.); (E.M.D.)
- David Geffen School of Medicine, The University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Brittney M. Wells
- School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA; (M.P.D.); (K.E.A.); (B.M.W.); (M.A.T.); (C.L.C.); (L.B.C.); (C.A.K.); (M.B.C.); (E.R.V.); (E.M.D.)
| | - Mitchell A. Taylor
- School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA; (M.P.D.); (K.E.A.); (B.M.W.); (M.A.T.); (C.L.C.); (L.B.C.); (C.A.K.); (M.B.C.); (E.R.V.); (E.M.D.)
| | - Clay L. Cashman
- School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA; (M.P.D.); (K.E.A.); (B.M.W.); (M.A.T.); (C.L.C.); (L.B.C.); (C.A.K.); (M.B.C.); (E.R.V.); (E.M.D.)
| | - Lesley B. Conrad
- School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA; (M.P.D.); (K.E.A.); (B.M.W.); (M.A.T.); (C.L.C.); (L.B.C.); (C.A.K.); (M.B.C.); (E.R.V.); (E.M.D.)
- David Geffen School of Medicine, The University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Lynch Comprehensive Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA
- Office of the President, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Claire A. Kearney
- School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA; (M.P.D.); (K.E.A.); (B.M.W.); (M.A.T.); (C.L.C.); (L.B.C.); (C.A.K.); (M.B.C.); (E.R.V.); (E.M.D.)
| | - Mary B. Conklin
- School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA; (M.P.D.); (K.E.A.); (B.M.W.); (M.A.T.); (C.L.C.); (L.B.C.); (C.A.K.); (M.B.C.); (E.R.V.); (E.M.D.)
| | - Emily R. Via
- School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA; (M.P.D.); (K.E.A.); (B.M.W.); (M.A.T.); (C.L.C.); (L.B.C.); (C.A.K.); (M.B.C.); (E.R.V.); (E.M.D.)
| | - Emily M. Doe
- School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA; (M.P.D.); (K.E.A.); (B.M.W.); (M.A.T.); (C.L.C.); (L.B.C.); (C.A.K.); (M.B.C.); (E.R.V.); (E.M.D.)
| | - Ravikiran Komirisetty
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, The University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (R.K.); (S.T.R.)
| | - Susan Dearborn
- Charles River Laboratories International, Stone Ridge, NY 12484, USA;
| | - Srinivasa T. Reddy
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, The University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (R.K.); (S.T.R.)
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, The University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Interdepartmental Program in Molecular Toxicology, School of Public Health, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Robin Farias-Eisner
- School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA; (M.P.D.); (K.E.A.); (B.M.W.); (M.A.T.); (C.L.C.); (L.B.C.); (C.A.K.); (M.B.C.); (E.R.V.); (E.M.D.)
- David Geffen School of Medicine, The University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Lynch Comprehensive Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA
- Office of the President, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
- Office of the President, Western University of Health Sciences, Lebanon, OR 97355, USA
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Kotecha S, Ivulich S, Snell G. Review: immunosuppression for the lung transplant patient. J Thorac Dis 2022; 13:6628-6644. [PMID: 34992841 PMCID: PMC8662512 DOI: 10.21037/jtd-2021-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Lung transplantation (LTx) has evolved significantly since its inception and the improvement in LTx outcomes over the last three decades has predominantly been driven by advances in immunosuppression management. Despite the lack of new classes of immunosuppression medications, immunosuppressive strategies have evolved significantly from a universal method to a more targeted approach, reflecting a greater understanding of the need for individualized therapy and careful consideration of all factors that are influenced by immunosuppression choice. This has become increasingly important as the demographics of lung transplant recipients have changed over time, with older and more medically complex candidates being accepted and undergoing LTx. Furthermore, improved survival post lung transplant has translated into more immunosuppression related comorbidities long-term, predominantly chronic kidney disease (CKD) and malignancy, which has required further nuanced management approaches. This review provides an update on current traditional lung transplant immunosuppression strategies, with modifications based on pre-existing recipient factors and comorbidities, peri-operative challenges and long term complications, balanced against the perpetual challenge of chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD). As we continue to explore and understand the complexity of LTx immunology and the interplay of different factors, immunosuppression strategies will require ongoing critical evaluation and personalization in order to continue to improve lung transplant outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakhee Kotecha
- Lung Transplant Service, Alfred Hospital and Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Steven Ivulich
- Lung Transplant Service, Alfred Hospital and Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Gregory Snell
- Lung Transplant Service, Alfred Hospital and Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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Li F, Qian W, Quan X, Yang H, Zhao G, Wei L. Differential MicroRNA Expressions in Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Are Predictive of Renal Allograft Function. Transplant Proc 2019; 51:715-721. [PMID: 30979455 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2019.01.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present diagnostic methods for detecting graft damage after kidney transplantation are either invasive or not available early enough. The microRNAs (miRNAs) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) have been suggested as promising biomarkers. METHODS Using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, we identified 9 miRNAs (miR-142-5p, miR-142-3p, miR-223, miR-211, miR-486, miR-155, miR-10b, miR-30a, and let-7c) related to the human renal allograft status in PBMCs from 104 kidney transplant recipients. RESULTS The miR-142-5p, miR-142-3p, and miR-223 were significantly upregulated and miR-10b was significantly downregulated in recipients with abnormal levels of serum creatinine 3 to 4 weeks after initial sample collection. Moreover, the miR-142-5p and miR-142-3p were also found to be significantly upregulated in recipients with abnormal levels of cystatin C. Through a combination of the validated miRNAs, receiver operating characteristic analyses yielded the highest area under the curve value of 0.7913 and 0.7063 in predicting the levels of serum creatinine and cystatin C, respectively. In the testing stage, the developed models correctly predicted allograft function in 16 to 17 of 22 recipients (false rate, 22.7%-27.2%). CONCLUSIONS miRNAs in PBMCs of recipients hold great promise to be used as predictive and noninvasive biomarkers after transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Li
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - W Qian
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - X Quan
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - H Yang
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - G Zhao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - L Wei
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China; Organ Transplantation Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China.
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Martínez-Ávila JC, García Bartolomé A, García I, Dapía I, Tong HY, Díaz L, Guerra P, Frías J, Carcás Sansuan AJ, Borobia AM. Pharmacometabolomics applied to zonisamide pharmacokinetic parameter prediction. Metabolomics 2018; 14:70. [PMID: 30830352 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-018-1365-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Zonisamide is a new-generation anticonvulsant antiepileptic drug metabolized primarily in the liver, with subsequent elimination via the renal route. OBJECTIVES Our objective was to evaluate the utility of pharmacometabolomics in the detection of zonisamide metabolites that could be related to its disposition and therefore, to its efficacy and toxicity. METHODS This study was nested to a bioequivalence clinical trial with 28 healthy volunteers. Each participant received a single dose of zonisamide on two separate occasions (period 1 and period 2), with a washout period between them. Blood samples of zonisamide were obtained from all patients at baseline for each period, before volunteers were administered any medication, for metabolomics analysis. RESULTS After a Lasso regression was applied, age, height, branched-chain amino acids, steroids, triacylglycerols, diacyl glycerophosphoethanolamine, glycerophospholipids susceptible to methylation, phosphatidylcholines with 20:4 FA (arachidonic acid) and cholesterol ester and lysophosphatidylcholine were obtained in both periods. CONCLUSION To our knowledge, this is the only research study to date that has attempted to link basal metabolomic status with pharmacokinetic parameters of zonisamide.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Martínez-Ávila
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, La Paz University Hospital, School of Medicine, IdiPAZ, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
| | - A García Bartolomé
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, La Paz University Hospital, School of Medicine, IdiPAZ, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - I García
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, La Paz University Hospital, School of Medicine, IdiPAZ, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - I Dapía
- Medical and Molecular Genetics Institute (INGEMM), La Paz University Hospital, Rare Diseases Networking Biomedical Research Center (CIBERER), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Hoi Y Tong
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, La Paz University Hospital, School of Medicine, IdiPAZ, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - L Díaz
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, La Paz University Hospital, School of Medicine, IdiPAZ, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - P Guerra
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, La Paz University Hospital, School of Medicine, IdiPAZ, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Frías
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, La Paz University Hospital, School of Medicine, IdiPAZ, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - A J Carcás Sansuan
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, La Paz University Hospital, School of Medicine, IdiPAZ, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
| | - A M Borobia
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, La Paz University Hospital, School of Medicine, IdiPAZ, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Bohra R, Klepacki J, Klawitter J, Klawitter J, Thurman J, Christians U. Proteomics and metabolomics in renal transplantation-quo vadis? Transpl Int 2013; 26:225-41. [PMID: 23350848 PMCID: PMC4006577 DOI: 10.1111/tri.12003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2012] [Revised: 05/07/2012] [Accepted: 10/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The improvement of long-term transplant organ and patient survival remains a critical challenge following kidney transplantation. Proteomics and biochemical profiling (metabolomics) may allow for the detection of early changes in cell signal transduction regulation and biochemistry with high sensitivity and specificity. Hence, these analytical strategies hold the promise to detect and monitor disease processes and drug effects before histopathological and pathophysiological changes occur. In addition, they will identify enriched populations and enable individualized drug therapy. However, proteomics and metabolomics have not yet lived up to such high expectations. Renal transplant patients are highly complex, making it difficult to establish cause-effect relationships between surrogate markers and disease processes. Appropriate study design, adequate sample handling, storage and processing, quality and reproducibility of bioanalytical multi-analyte assays, data analysis and interpretation, mechanistic verification, and clinical qualification (=establishment of sensitivity and specificity in adequately powered prospective clinical trials) are important factors for the success of molecular marker discovery and development in renal transplantation. However, a newly developed and appropriately qualified molecular marker can only be successful if it is realistic that it can be implemented in a clinical setting. The development of combinatorial markers with supporting software tools is an attractive goal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Bohra
- iC42 Clinical Research & Development, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Jacek Klepacki
- iC42 Clinical Research & Development, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Jelena Klawitter
- iC42 Clinical Research & Development, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Renal Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, USA
| | - Jost Klawitter
- iC42 Clinical Research & Development, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Joshua Thurman
- Renal Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, USA
| | - Uwe Christians
- iC42 Clinical Research & Development, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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Mas VR, Dumur CI, Scian MJ, Gehrau RC, Maluf DG. MicroRNAs as biomarkers in solid organ transplantation. Am J Transplant 2013; 13:11-9. [PMID: 23136949 PMCID: PMC3927320 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2012.04313.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2012] [Revised: 09/08/2012] [Accepted: 09/23/2012] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Important progress has been made in improving short-term outcomes in solid organ transplantation. However, long-term outcomes have not improved during the last decades. There is a critical need for biomarkers of donor quality, early diagnosis of graft injury and treatment response. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small single-stranded noncoding RNAs that function through translational repression of specific target mRNAs. MiRNA expression has been associated with different diseases and physiological conditions. Moreover, miRNAs have been detected in different biological fluids and these circulating miRNAs can distinguish diseased individuals from healthy controls. The noninvasive nature of circulating miRNA detection, their disease specificity and the availability of accurate techniques for detecting and monitoring these molecules has encouraged a pursuit of miRNA biomarker research and the evaluation of specific applications in the transplant field. miRNA expression might develop as excellent biomarkers of allograft injury and function. In this minireview, we summarize the main accomplishments of recently published reports focused on the identification of miRNAs as biomarkers in organ quality, ischemia-reperfusion injury, acute rejection, tolerance and chronic allograft dysfunction emphasizing their mechanistic and clinical potential applications and describing their methodological limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria R Mas
- Translational Genomics Transplant Laboratory, Transplant Division, Department of Surgery, University of Virginia; 1300 Jefferson Park Ave, Barringer 5, Room 5417, Charlottesville, VA 22908-0709,Corresponding author: Valeria R Mas, PhD, Associate Professor Research Surgery, Co-Director, Transplant Research, Director, Translational Genomics Transplant Laboratory, 1300 Jefferson Park Ave, Barringer 5, Room 5417, Charlottesville, VA 22908-0709, Phone: 434-243-1181, Fax: 434-924-5539,
| | - Catherine I. Dumur
- Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Virginia Commonwealth University, Department of Pathology, 1101 E. Marshall Street Richmond, VA 23298-0662
| | - Mariano J Scian
- Translational Genomics Transplant Laboratory, Transplant Division, Department of Surgery, University of Virginia; 1300 Jefferson Park Ave, Barringer 5, Room 5417, Charlottesville, VA 22908-0709
| | - Ricardo C. Gehrau
- Translational Genomics Transplant Laboratory, Transplant Division, Department of Surgery, University of Virginia; 1300 Jefferson Park Ave, Barringer 5, Room 5417, Charlottesville, VA 22908-0709
| | - Daniel G Maluf
- Translational Genomics Transplant Laboratory, Transplant Division, Department of Surgery, University of Virginia; 1300 Jefferson Park Ave, Barringer 5, Room 5417, Charlottesville, VA 22908-0709
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Biomarkers for Monitoring Therapeutic Side Effects or Various Supratherapeutic Confounders after Kidney Transplantation. Transplant Proc 2012; 44:1265-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2011.11.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2011] [Revised: 10/31/2011] [Accepted: 11/23/2011] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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The influence of UGT polymorphisms as biomarkers in solid organ transplantation. Clin Chim Acta 2012; 413:1318-25. [PMID: 22327003 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2012.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2011] [Revised: 01/20/2012] [Accepted: 01/25/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In solid organ transplant patients, it is important to maintain a fine balance between preventing rejection and reducing adverse effects. Several immunosuppressive agents such tacrolimus, cyclosporine, sirolimus and everolimus require therapeutic drug monitoring. The study of germline variation of the genome has opened novel opportunities to individualize therapy. Among the currently available immunosuppressive agents, cyclosporine, tacrolimus and mycophenolic acid are in vitro substrates of the UGT1A and 2B families of glucuronidation enzymes. Mycophenolic acid, either given as mycophenolate mofetil or mycophenolate sodium, is the most frequently used antiproliferative immunosuppressant. Mycophenolic acid is a prodrug which is rapidly de-esterified in the gut wall, blood, liver and tissue to the active moiety, mycophenolic acid (MPA). MPA undergoes significant hepatic metabolism to several metabolites. The 7-hydroxyglucuronide MPA is the major metabolite and is inactive. This paper reviews the current status of the genetic associations between germline UGT variants and the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of mycophenolic acid. Our conclusive assessment of the studies conducted so far is that these germline markers are not ready to be used in the clinic to individualize mycophenolic acid dosing and improve outcome. Novel approaches are required to identify new genetic determinants of outcomes in transplantation.
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