1
|
Fan XX, Cao ZY, Liu MX, Liu WJ, Xu ZL, Tu PF, Wang ZZ, Cao L, Xiao W. Diterpene Ginkgolides Meglumine Injection inhibits apoptosis induced by optic nerve crush injury via modulating MAPKs signaling pathways in retinal ganglion cells. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 279:114371. [PMID: 34181957 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Diterpene Ginkgolides Meglumine Injection (DGMI) is made of extracts from Ginkgo biloba L, including Ginkgolides A, B, and K and some other contents, and has been widely used as the treatment of cerebral ischemic stroke in clinic. It can be learned from the "Compendium of Materia Medica" that Ginkgo possesses the effect of "dispersing toxin". The ancient Chinese phrase "dispersing toxin" is now explained as elimination of inflammation and oxidative state in human body. And it led to the original ideas for today's anti-oxidation studies of Ginkgo in apoptosis induced by optic nerve crush injury. AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate the underlying molecular mechanism of the DGMI in retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) apoptosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS TUNEL staining was used to observe the anti-apoptotic effects of DGMI on the adult rat optic nerve injury (ONC) model, and flow cytometry and hoechst 33,342 staining were used to observe the anti-apoptotic effects of DGMI on the oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD) induced RGC-5 cells injury model. The regulation of apoptosis and MAPKs pathways were investigated with Immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. RESULTS This study demonstrated that DGMI is able to decrease the conduction time of F-VEP and ameliorate histological features induced by optic nerve crush injury in rats. Immunohistochemistry and TUNEL staining results indicated that DGMI can also inhibit cell apoptosis via modulating MAPKs signaling pathways. In addition, treatment with DGMI markedly improved the morphological structures and decreased the apoptotic index in RGC-5 cells. Mechanistically, DGMI could significantly inhibit cell apoptosis by inhibiting p38, JNK and Erk1/2 activation. CONCLUSION The study shows that DGMI and ginkgolides inhibit RGCs apoptosis by impeding the activation of MAPKs signaling pathways in vivo and in vitro. Therefore, the present study provided scientific evidence for the underlying mechanism of DGMI and ginkgolides on optic nerve crush injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Xue Fan
- Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd., Lianyungang, 222001, China; State Key Laboratory of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Lianyungang, 222001, China; Modern Chinese Medicine Innovation Cluster and Digital Pharmaceutical Technology Platform, Lianyungang, 222001, China
| | - Ze-Yu Cao
- Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd., Lianyungang, 222001, China; State Key Laboratory of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Lianyungang, 222001, China; Modern Chinese Medicine Innovation Cluster and Digital Pharmaceutical Technology Platform, Lianyungang, 222001, China
| | - Min-Xuan Liu
- Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd., Lianyungang, 222001, China; State Key Laboratory of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Lianyungang, 222001, China; Modern Chinese Medicine Innovation Cluster and Digital Pharmaceutical Technology Platform, Lianyungang, 222001, China
| | - Wen-Jun Liu
- Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd., Lianyungang, 222001, China; State Key Laboratory of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Lianyungang, 222001, China; Modern Chinese Medicine Innovation Cluster and Digital Pharmaceutical Technology Platform, Lianyungang, 222001, China
| | - Zhi-Liang Xu
- Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd., Lianyungang, 222001, China; State Key Laboratory of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Lianyungang, 222001, China; Modern Chinese Medicine Innovation Cluster and Digital Pharmaceutical Technology Platform, Lianyungang, 222001, China
| | - Peng-Fei Tu
- Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd., Lianyungang, 222001, China; Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Zhen-Zhong Wang
- Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd., Lianyungang, 222001, China; State Key Laboratory of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Lianyungang, 222001, China; Modern Chinese Medicine Innovation Cluster and Digital Pharmaceutical Technology Platform, Lianyungang, 222001, China
| | - Liang Cao
- Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd., Lianyungang, 222001, China; State Key Laboratory of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Lianyungang, 222001, China; Modern Chinese Medicine Innovation Cluster and Digital Pharmaceutical Technology Platform, Lianyungang, 222001, China.
| | - Wei Xiao
- Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd., Lianyungang, 222001, China; State Key Laboratory of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Lianyungang, 222001, China; Modern Chinese Medicine Innovation Cluster and Digital Pharmaceutical Technology Platform, Lianyungang, 222001, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lu J, Liu Z, Shu M, Zhang L, Xia W, Tang L, Li J, Huang B, Li H. Human placental mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate chemotherapy-induced damage in the testis by reducing apoptosis/oxidative stress and promoting autophagy. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:199. [PMID: 33743823 PMCID: PMC7981860 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02275-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The side effects of busulfan on male reproduction are serious, so fertility preservation in children undergoing busulfan treatment is a major worldwide concern. Human placental mesenchymal stem cells (hPMSCs) have advantages such as stable proliferation and lower immunogenicity that make them an ideal material for stimulating tissue repair, especially restoring spermatogenesis. The protective effects of hPMSCs in busulfan-induced Sertoli cells and in busulfan-treated mouse testes have not been determined. Our study aimed to elaborate the protective effect and potential mechanisms of hPMSCs in busulfan-treated testes and Sertoli cells. Methods First, we developed a mouse model of busulfan-induced testicular toxicity in vivo and a mouse Sertoli cell line treated with busulfan in vitro to assess the protective effect and mechanisms of hPMSC treatment on spermatogenesis. Then, the length, width, and weight of the testes were monitored using Vernier calipers. Furthermore, at 1 week and 4 weeks after the transplantation of hPMSCs, histological sections of testes were stained with hematoxylin-eosin, and the seminiferous tubules with fluid-filled cavities were counted. Through ELISA analysis, testosterone levels and MDA, SOD, LDH, and CAT activities, which are associated with ROS, were detected. Markers of ROS, proliferation (Ki67), and apoptosis (Annexin V) were evaluated by FACS. Next, the fluorescence intensity of proliferation markers (BrdU and SCP3), an antioxidant marker (SIRT1), a spermatogenesis marker (PLZF), and autophagy-related genes (P62 and LC3AB) were detected by fluorescence microscopy. The mRNA expression of γ-H2AX, BRCA1, PARP1, PCNA, Ki67, P62, and LC3 was determined by qRT-PCR. Results hPMSCs restored disrupted spermatogenesis, promoted improved semen parameters, and increased testosterone levels, testis size, and autophagy in the testis toxicity mouse model induced by busulfan. hPMSCs suppressed the apoptosis of Sertoli cells and enhanced their rate of proliferation in vitro. Additionally, hPMSCs protected against oxidative stress and decreased oxidative damage in the testis toxicity mouse model induced by busulfan. Furthermore, hPMSCs increased the expression of proliferation genes (PCNA and KI67) and decreased the mRNA levels of apoptotic genes such as γ-H2AX, BRCA1, and PARP1. Conclusions This research showed that hPMSC injection ameliorated busulfan-induced damage in the testis by reducing apoptosis/oxidative stress and promoting autophagy. The present study offers an idea for a new method for clinical treatment of chemotherapy-induced spermatogenesis. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-021-02275-z.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiafeng Lu
- Center of Reproduction and Genetics, The affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, 215002, China
| | - Zhenxing Liu
- Center of Reproduction and Genetics, The affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, 215002, China
| | - Mingkai Shu
- Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Industrial Park District, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Liya Zhang
- Center of Reproduction and Genetics, The affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, 215002, China
| | - Wenjuan Xia
- Center of Reproduction and Genetics, The affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, 215002, China
| | - Liuna Tang
- Center of Reproduction and Genetics, The affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, 215002, China
| | - Jincheng Li
- Center of Reproduction and Genetics, The affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, 215002, China
| | - Boxian Huang
- Center of Reproduction and Genetics, The affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, 215002, China.
| | - Hong Li
- Center of Reproduction and Genetics, The affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, 215002, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ma HT, Niu CM, Xia J, Shen XY, Xia MM, Hu YQ, Zheng Y. Stimulated by retinoic acid gene 8 (Stra8) plays important roles in many stages of spermatogenesis. Asian J Androl 2019; 20:479-487. [PMID: 29848833 PMCID: PMC6116687 DOI: 10.4103/aja.aja_26_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
To clarify the functions and mechanism of stimulated by retinoic acid gene 8 (Stra8) in spermatogenesis, we analyzed the testes from Stra8 knockout and wild-type mice during the first wave of spermatogenesis. Comparisons showed no significant differences in morphology and number of germ cells at 11 days postpartum, while 21 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with spermatogenesis were identified. We speculate that Stra8 performs many functions in different phases of spermatogenesis, such as establishment of spermatogonial stem cells, spermatogonial proliferation and self-renewal, spermatogonial differentiation and meiosis, through direct or indirect regulation of these DEGs. We therefore established a preliminary regulatory network of Stra8 during spermatogenesis. These results will provide a theoretical basis for further research on the mechanism underlying the role of Stra8 in spermatogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Tao Ma
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental and Translational Noncoding RNA Research, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Chang-Min Niu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental and Translational Noncoding RNA Research, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Jing Xia
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental and Translational Noncoding RNA Research, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Xue-Yi Shen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental and Translational Noncoding RNA Research, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Meng-Meng Xia
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental and Translational Noncoding RNA Research, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Yan-Qiu Hu
- Clinicial Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Ying Zheng
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Experimental and Translational Noncoding RNA Research, Yangzhou 225001, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Cao X, Wen P, Fu Y, Gao Y, Qi X, Chen B, Tao Y, Wu L, Xu A, Lu H, Zhao G. Radiation induces apoptosis primarily through the intrinsic pathway in mammalian cells. Cell Signal 2019; 62:109337. [PMID: 31173879 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2019.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Radiation-induced tumor cells death is the theoretical basis of tumor radiotherapy. Death signaling disorder is the most important factor for radioresistance. However, the signaling pathway(s) leading to radiation-triggered cell death is (are) still not completely known. To better understand the cell death signaling induced by radiation, the immortalized mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) deficient in "initiator" caspases, "effector" caspases or different Bcl-2 family proteins together with human colon carcinoma cell HCT116 were used. Our data indicated that radiation selectively induced the activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3/7 but not caspase-8 by triggering mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP). Importantly, the role of radiation in MOMP is independent of the activation of both "initiator" and "effector" caspases. Furthermore, both proapoptotic and antiapoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins were involved in radiation-induced apoptotic signaling. Overall, our study indicated that radiation specifically triggered the intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway through Bcl-2 family protein-dependent mitochondrial permeabilization, which indicates targeting mitochondria is a promising strategy for cancer radiotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xianbin Cao
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Pollution Control Technology, Hefei, PR China; University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, PR China
| | - Pengbo Wen
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Pollution Control Technology, Hefei, PR China; University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, PR China
| | - Yanfang Fu
- School of Natural Resources and Environment, Chizhou University, Chizhou, Anhui 247000, PR China
| | - Yang Gao
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Pollution Control Technology, Hefei, PR China; University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, PR China
| | - Xiaojing Qi
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Pollution Control Technology, Hefei, PR China; University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, PR China
| | - Bin Chen
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Pollution Control Technology, Hefei, PR China; University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, PR China
| | - Yinping Tao
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Pollution Control Technology, Hefei, PR China; University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, PR China
| | - Lijun Wu
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Pollution Control Technology, Hefei, PR China
| | - An Xu
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Pollution Control Technology, Hefei, PR China
| | - Huayi Lu
- Second Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, PR China.
| | - Guoping Zhao
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Pollution Control Technology, Hefei, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhao L, Zhu Z, Yao C, Huang Y, Zhi E, Chen H, Tian R, Li P, Yuan Q, Xue Y, Wan Z, Yang C, Gong Y, He Z, Li Z. VEGFC/VEGFR3 Signaling Regulates Mouse Spermatogonial Cell Proliferation via the Activation of AKT/MAPK and Cyclin D1 Pathway and Mediates the Apoptosis by affecting Caspase 3/9 and Bcl-2. Cell Cycle 2018; 17:225-239. [PMID: 29169284 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2017.1407891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
We have previously shown that the transcript levels of Vegfc and its receptor Vegfr3 were high in spermatogonia and extremely low in spermatocytes and spermatids. However, it remains unknown about the functions and the mechanisms of VEGFC/VEGFR3 signaling in regulating the fate determinations of spermatogonia. To this end, here we explored the role and signaling pathways of VEGFC/VEGFR3 by using a cell line derived from immortalized mouse spermatogonia retaining markers of mitotic germ cells, namely GC-1 cells. VEGFR3 was expressed in mouse primary spermatogonia and GC-1 cells. VEGFC stimulated the proliferation and DNA synthesis of GC-1 cells and enhanced the phosphorylation of PI3K-AKT and MAPK, whereas LY294002 (an inhibitor for AKT) and CI-1040 (an inhibitor for MAPK) blocked the effect of VEGFC on GC-1 cell proliferation. Furthermore, VEGFC increased the transcripts of c-fos and Egr1 and protein levels of cyclin D1, PCNA and Bcl-2. Conversely, the blocking of VEGFC/VEGFR3 signaling by VEGFR3 knockdown reduced the phosphorylation of AKT/MAPK and decreased the levels of cyclin D1 and PCNA. Additionally, VEGFR3 knockdown not only resulted in more apoptosis of GC-1 cells but also led to a decrease of Bcl-2 and promoted the cleavage of Caspase-3/9 and PARP. Collectively, these data suggested that VEGFC/VEGFR3 signaling promotes the proliferation of GC-1 cells via the AKT /MAPK and cyclin D1 pathway and it inhibits the cell apoptosis through Caspase-3/9, PARP and Bcl-2. Thus, this study sheds a novel insight to the molecular mechanisms underlying the fate decisions of mammalian spermatogonia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liangyu Zhao
- a Department of Andrology, Center for Men's Health, Institute of Urology, Urologic Medical Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine , Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Zijue Zhu
- a Department of Andrology, Center for Men's Health, Institute of Urology, Urologic Medical Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine , Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Chencheng Yao
- a Department of Andrology, Center for Men's Health, Institute of Urology, Urologic Medical Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine , Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Yuhua Huang
- a Department of Andrology, Center for Men's Health, Institute of Urology, Urologic Medical Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine , Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Erlei Zhi
- a Department of Andrology, Center for Men's Health, Institute of Urology, Urologic Medical Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine , Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Huixing Chen
- a Department of Andrology, Center for Men's Health, Institute of Urology, Urologic Medical Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine , Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Ruhui Tian
- a Department of Andrology, Center for Men's Health, Institute of Urology, Urologic Medical Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine , Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Peng Li
- a Department of Andrology, Center for Men's Health, Institute of Urology, Urologic Medical Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine , Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Qingqing Yuan
- b State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji- Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital , School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai , China
| | - Yunjing Xue
- a Department of Andrology, Center for Men's Health, Institute of Urology, Urologic Medical Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine , Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Zhong Wan
- a Department of Andrology, Center for Men's Health, Institute of Urology, Urologic Medical Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine , Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Chao Yang
- a Department of Andrology, Center for Men's Health, Institute of Urology, Urologic Medical Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine , Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Yuehua Gong
- a Department of Andrology, Center for Men's Health, Institute of Urology, Urologic Medical Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine , Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Zuping He
- b State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji- Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital , School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai , China
| | - Zheng Li
- a Department of Andrology, Center for Men's Health, Institute of Urology, Urologic Medical Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine , Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Watanabe H, Kohda A, Komura JI, Tateno H. Preservation of chromosomal integrity in murine spermatozoa derived from gonocytes and spermatogonial stem cells surviving prenatal and postnatal exposure to γ-rays in mice. Mol Reprod Dev 2017; 84:638-648. [PMID: 28481028 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.22832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Revised: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Pre- and postnatal male mice were acutely (659-690 mGy/min) and continuously (0.303 mGy/min) exposed to 2 Gy γ-rays to evaluate spermatogenic potential and chromosome damage in their germ cells as adults. Acute irradiation on Days 15.5, 16.5, and 17.5 post-coitus affected testicular development, as a result of massive quiescent gonocyte loss; the majority of the seminiferous tubules in these testes were devoid of germ cells. Acute irradiation on Days 18.5 and 19.5 post-coitus had less effect on testicular development and spermatogenesis, even though germ cells were quiescent gonocytes on these days. Adverse effects on testicular development and spermatogenesis were observed following continuous irradiation between Days 14.5 and 19.5 post-coitus. Exposure to acute and continuous postnatal irradiation after the differentiation of spermatogonial stem cells and spermatogonia resulted in nearly all of the seminiferous tubules exhibiting spermatogenesis. Neither acute nor continuous irradiation was responsible for the increased number of multivalent chromosomes in primary-spermatocyte descendents of the exposed gonocytes. In contrast, a significant increase in cells with multivalent chromosomes was observed following acute irradiation on Days 4 and 11 post-partum. No significant increases in unstable structural chromosomal aberrations or aneuploidy in spermatozoa were observed, regardless of cell stage at irradiation or the radiation dose-rate. Thus, murine germ cells that survive prenatal and postnatal irradiation can restore spermatogenesis and produce viable spermatozoa without chromosome damage. These findings may provide a better understanding of reproductive potential following accidental, environmental, or therapeutic irradiation during the prenatal and postnatal periods in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Watanabe
- Department of Biological Sciences, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kohda
- Department of Radiobiology, Institute for Environmental Sciences, Rokkasho, Kamikita, Aomori, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichiro Komura
- Department of Radiobiology, Institute for Environmental Sciences, Rokkasho, Kamikita, Aomori, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tateno
- Department of Biological Sciences, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
The Trp53-Trp53inp1-Tnfrsf10b pathway regulates the radiation response of mouse spermatogonial stem cells. Stem Cell Reports 2014; 3:676-89. [PMID: 25358794 PMCID: PMC4223695 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2014.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2014] [Revised: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 08/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Germ cells are thought to exhibit a unique DNA damage response that differs from that of somatic stem cells, and previous studies suggested that Trp53 is not involved in the survival of spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) after irradiation. Here, we report a critical role for the Trp53-Trp53inp1-Tnfrsf10b pathway during radiation-induced SSC apoptosis. Spermatogonial transplantation revealed that Trp53 deficiency increased the survival of SSCs after irradiation. Although Bbc3, a member of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway, was implicated in apoptosis of germ and somatic stem cells, Bbc3 depletion inhibited apoptosis in committed spermatogonia, but not in SSCs. In contrast, inhibition of Tnfrsf10b, an extrinsic apoptosis regulator, rescued SSCs. Tnfrsf10b, whose deficiency protected SSCs, was upregulated by Trp53inp1 upon irradiation. These results suggest that the Trp53-Trp53inp1-Tnfrsf10b pathway responds to genotoxic damage in SSCs and that stem and progenitor cells exhibit distinct DNA damage responses in self-renewing tissue. Trp53 induces radiation-induced apoptosis of spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) Bbc3 induces radiation-induced apoptosis of spermatogonial progenitors Tnfsf10 is induced in spermatogonia and the SSC microenvironment Trp53inp1 upregulates Tnfrsf10b and induces SSC apoptosis upon irradiation
Collapse
|
8
|
Rad54 is required for the normal development of male and female germ cells and contributes to the maintainance of their genome integrity after genotoxic stress. Cell Death Dis 2013; 4:e774. [PMID: 23949223 PMCID: PMC3763443 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2013.281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2013] [Revised: 06/25/2013] [Accepted: 07/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Rad54 is an important factor in the homologous recombination pathway of DNA double-strand break repair. However, Rad54 knockout (KO) mice do not exhibit overt phenotypes at adulthood, even when exposed to radiation. In this study, we show that in Rad54 KO mouse the germline is actually altered. Compared with the wild-type (WT) animals, these mice have less premeiotic germ cells. This germ cell loss is found as early as in E11.5 embryos, suggesting an early failure during mutant primordial germ cells development. Both testicular and ovarian KO germ cells exhibited high radiation sensitivity leading to a long-term gametogenesis defect at adulthood. The KO female germline was particularly affected displaying decreased litter size or sterility. Spermatogenesis recovery after irradiation was slower and incomplete in Rad54 KO mice compared with that of WT mice, suggesting that loss of germ stem cell precursors is not fully compensated along the successive rounds of spermatogenesis. Finally, spermatogenesis recovery after postnatal irradiation is in part regulated by glial-cell-line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) in KO but not in irradiated WT mice, suggesting that Sertoli cell GDNF production is stimulated upon substantial germ cell loss only. Our findings suggest that Rad54 has a key function in maintaining genomic integrity of the developing germ cells.
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhou Z, Sturgis EM, Liu Z, Wang LE, Wei Q, Li G. Genetic variants of a BH3-only pro-apoptotic gene, PUMA, and risk of HPV16-associated squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Mol Carcinog 2011; 51 Suppl 1:E54-64. [PMID: 22086558 DOI: 10.1002/mc.21838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2011] [Revised: 10/13/2011] [Accepted: 10/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
P53 up-regulated modulator of apoptosis (PUMA) is a critical factor in the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. Through PUMA-dependent mechanisms, human papillomavirus 16 (HPV16) oncoprotein may affect apoptosis by E6-mediated p53 degradation. To examine whether the PUMA variants modify the association between HPV16 serology and risk of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN), we genotyped two polymorphisms in the PUMA promoter (rs3810294 and rs2032809) in 380 cases and 335 cancer-free controls of non-Hispanic Whites, who were frequency-matched by age (±5 yr), sex, smoking, and drinking status. We found that each individual polymorphism had only a modest impact on risk of SCCHN, particularly in oropharyngeal cancer for rs3810294 and non-oropharyngeal cancer for rs2032809. After we stratified the individuals by HPV16 serology, and used those with the corresponding common homozygous genotype and HPV16 seronegativity as the reference group, for each polymorphism we found that the risk of SCCHN associated with HPV16 seropositivity was higher among those with variant genotypes than those with the corresponding common homozygous genotype. Notably, this effect modification was particularly pronounced in several subgroups including never smokers, never drinkers, younger patients, and patients with oropharyngeal cancer. Furthermore, we also characterized the functional relevance of the two polymorphisms to explore the genotype-phenotype correlation. Our results suggested that the PUMA promoter polymorphisms may be a biomarker for risk of HPV16-associated SCCHN, particularly in never smokers, never drinkers, younger patients, and patients with oropharyngeal cancer. Larger studies are needed to validate our findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziyuan Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kuribayashi K, Finnberg N, Jeffers JR, Zambetti GP, El-Deiry WS. The relative contribution of pro-apoptotic p53-target genes in the triggering of apoptosis following DNA damage in vitro and in vivo. Cell Cycle 2011; 10:2380-9. [PMID: 21709442 DOI: 10.4161/cc.10.14.16588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The p53 pathway displays a large degree of redundancy in the expression of a number of pro-apoptotic mechanisms following DNA damage that, among others, involves increased expression of several pro-apoptotic genes through transactivation. Spatial and temporal cellular contexts contribute to the complexity of the regulation of apoptosis, hence different genes may show a cell- and tissue-dependent specificity with regard to the regulation of cell death and act in concert or show redundancy with one and another. We used siRNA technology to assess the effect of multiple ablations of documented pro-apoptotic p53 target genes (PPG) in the colorectal cancer cell line HCT116 and generated mice deficient in both of the extrinsic and intrinsic PPGs genes Dr5 and Puma following treatment with chemotherapeutics and ionizing radiation. DR5, Fas, Bax, Bad, Puma and Bnip3L were induced by 5-FU and adriamycin (ADR) in HCT116 cells in a p53-dependent manner. The resulting caspase 3/7 activity in HCT116 cells following treatment were suppressed by ablated expression of the PPGs in the extrinsic as well as the intrinsic pathway. To our surprise, knocking-down any of the PPGs concomitantly with DR5 did not further inhibit caspase 3/7 activity whereas inhibiting DR5-expression in HCT116Bax knockdown (kd) and HCT116Fas kd did, suggesting that these genes act downstream or in synergy with DR5. This was supported by our in vivo observations, since Puma and Dr5 were equally efficient in protecting cells of the spleen from sub-lethal radiation-induced apoptosis but less effective compared with irradiated p53-/- mice. To our surprise, Dr5-/-; Puma-/- mice did not show additive protection from radiation-induced apoptosis in any of the investigated organs. Our data indicates that the intrinsic pathway may rely on extrinsic signals to promote cell death in a cell- and tissue-dependent manner following DNA damage. Furthermore, p53 must rely on mechanisms independent of DR5 and PUMA to initiate apoptosis following γ-radiation in the spleen and thymus in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kageaki Kuribayashi
- Hematology/Oncology Division, Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center and College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Moreno RD, Urriola-Muñoz P, Lagos-Cabré R. The emerging role of matrix metalloproteases of the ADAM family in male germ cell apoptosis. SPERMATOGENESIS 2011; 1:195-208. [PMID: 22319668 DOI: 10.4161/spmg.1.3.17894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2011] [Revised: 08/27/2011] [Accepted: 08/29/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Constitutive germ cell apoptosis during mammalian spermatogenesis is a key process for controlling sperm output and to eliminate damaged or unwanted cells. An increase or decrease in the apoptosis rate has deleterious consequences and leads to low sperm production. Apoptosis in spermatogenesis has been widely studied, but the mechanism by which it is induced under physiological or pathological conditions has not been clarified. We have recently identified the metalloprotease ADAM17 (TACE) as a putative physiological inducer of germ cell apoptosis. The mechanisms involved in regulating the shedding of the ADAM17 extracellular domain are still far from being understood, although they are important in order to understand cell-cell communications. Here, we review the available data regarding apoptosis during mammalian spermatogenesis and the localization of ADAM proteins in the male reproductive tract. We propose an integrative working model where ADAM17, p38 MAPK, protein kinase C (PKC) and the tyrosine kinase c-Abl participate in the physiological signalling cascade inducing apoptosis in germ cells. In our model, we also propose a role for the Sertoli cell in regulating the Fas/FasL system in order to induce the extrinsic pathway of apoptosis in germ cells. This working model could be applied to further understand constitutive apoptosis in spermatogenesis and in pathological conditions (e.g., varicocele) or following environmental toxicants exposure (e.g., genotoxicity or xenoestrogens).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo D Moreno
- Departamento de Fisiología; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile; Santiago, Chile
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kaczmarek K, Studencka M, Meinhardt A, Wieczerzak K, Thoms S, Engel W, Grzmil P. Overexpression of peroxisomal testis-specific 1 protein induces germ cell apoptosis and leads to infertility in male mice. Mol Biol Cell 2011; 22:1766-79. [PMID: 21460186 PMCID: PMC3093327 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e09-12-0993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxisomal testis-specific 1 gene (Pxt1) is the only male germ cell-specific gene that encodes a peroxisomal protein known to date. To elucidate the role of Pxt1 in spermatogenesis, we generated transgenic mice expressing a c-MYC-PXT1 fusion protein under the control of the PGK2 promoter. Overexpression of Pxt1 resulted in induction of male germ cells' apoptosis mainly in primary spermatocytes, finally leading to male infertility. This prompted us to analyze the proapoptotic character of mouse PXT1, which harbors a BH3-like domain in the N-terminal part. In different cell lines, the overexpression of PXT1 also resulted in a dramatic increase of apoptosis, whereas the deletion of the BH3-like domain significantly reduced cell death events, thereby confirming that the domain is functional and essential for the proapoptotic activity of PXT1. Moreover, we demonstrated that PXT1 interacts with apoptosis regulator BAT3, which, if overexpressed, can protect cells from the PXT1-induced apoptosis. The PXT1-BAT3 association leads to PXT1 relocation from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. In summary, we demonstrated that PXT1 induces apoptosis via the BH3-like domain and that this process is inhibited by BAT3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karina Kaczmarek
- Institute of Human Genetics, Georg-August-University of Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|