1
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Braun H, Xu Z, Chang F, Viceconte N, Rane G, Levin M, Lototska L, Roth F, Hillairet A, Fradera-Sola A, Khanchandani V, Sin ZW, Yong WK, Dreesen O, Yang Y, Shi Y, Li F, Butter F, Kappei D. ZNF524 directly interacts with telomeric DNA and supports telomere integrity. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8252. [PMID: 38086788 PMCID: PMC10716145 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43397-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Telomeres are nucleoprotein structures at the ends of linear chromosomes. In humans, they consist of TTAGGG repeats, which are bound by dedicated proteins such as the shelterin complex. This complex blocks unwanted DNA damage repair at telomeres, e.g. by suppressing nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) through its subunit TRF2. Here, we describe ZNF524, a zinc finger protein that directly binds telomeric repeats with nanomolar affinity, and reveal base-specific sequence recognition by cocrystallization with telomeric DNA. ZNF524 localizes to telomeres and specifically maintains the presence of the TRF2/RAP1 subcomplex at telomeres without affecting other shelterin members. Loss of ZNF524 concomitantly results in an increase in DNA damage signaling and recombination events. Overall, ZNF524 is a direct telomere-binding protein involved in the maintenance of telomere integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Braun
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore
- Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB), Mainz, 55128, Germany
| | - Ziyan Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics, School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Fiona Chang
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore
| | | | - Grishma Rane
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore
| | - Michal Levin
- Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB), Mainz, 55128, Germany
| | | | - Franziska Roth
- Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB), Mainz, 55128, Germany
| | - Alexia Hillairet
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore
| | | | - Vartika Khanchandani
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore
| | - Zi Wayne Sin
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore
| | - Wai Khang Yong
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117596, Singapore
| | - Oliver Dreesen
- Cell Aging Laboratory, A*STAR Skin Research Labs, Singapore, 138648, Singapore
| | - Yang Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics, School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Yunyu Shi
- MOE Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics, School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Fudong Li
- MOE Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics, School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
| | - Falk Butter
- Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB), Mainz, 55128, Germany.
- Institute of Molecular Virology and Cell Biology (IMVZ), Friedrich Loeffler Institute, Greifswald, 17493, Germany.
| | - Dennis Kappei
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore.
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117596, Singapore.
- NUS Center for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore.
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2
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Moreno SP, Fusté JM, Kaiser M, Li JSZ, Nassour J, Haggblom C, Denchi EL, Karlseder J. TZAP overexpression induces telomere dysfunction and ALT-like activity in ATRX/DAXX-deficient cells. iScience 2023; 26:106405. [PMID: 37013192 PMCID: PMC10066556 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The appropriate regulation of telomere length homeostasis is crucial for the maintenance of genome integrity. The telomere-binding protein TZAP has been suggested to regulate telomere length by promoting t-circle and c-circle excisions through telomere trimming, yet the molecular mechanisms by which TZAP functions at telomeres are not understood. Using a system based on TZAP overexpression, we show that efficient TZAP recruitment to telomeres occurs in the context of open telomeric chromatin caused by loss of ATRX/DAXX independently of H3.3 deposition. Moreover, our data indicate that TZAP binding to telomeres induces telomere dysfunction and ALT-like activity, resulting in the generation of t-circles and c-circles in a Bloom-Topoisomerase IIIα-RMI1-RMI2 (BTR)-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Priego Moreno
- The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, Molecular and Cell Biology Department, 10010 N. Torrey pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Javier Miralles Fusté
- The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, Molecular and Cell Biology Department, 10010 N. Torrey pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Melanie Kaiser
- The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, Molecular and Cell Biology Department, 10010 N. Torrey pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Julia Su Zhou Li
- The Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Joe Nassour
- The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, Molecular and Cell Biology Department, 10010 N. Torrey pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Candy Haggblom
- The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, Molecular and Cell Biology Department, 10010 N. Torrey pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Eros Lazzerini Denchi
- Laboratory for Genome Integrity, National Cancer Institute, Building 37, Room 2144B, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jan Karlseder
- The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, Molecular and Cell Biology Department, 10010 N. Torrey pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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Wang S, Xu Z, Li M, Lv M, Shen S, Shi Y, Li F. Structural insights into the recognition of telomeric variant repeat TTGGGG by broad-complex, tramtrack and bric-à-brac - zinc finger protein ZBTB10. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:102918. [PMID: 36657642 PMCID: PMC9958480 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.102918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple proteins bind to telomeric DNA and are important for the role of telomeres in genome stability. A recent study established a broad-complex, tramtrack and bric-à-brac - zinc finger (BTB-ZF) protein, ZBTB10 (zinc finger and BTB domain-containing protein 10), as a telomeric variant repeat-binding protein at telomeres that use an alternative method for lengthening telomeres). ZBTB10 specifically interacts with the double-stranded telomeric variant repeat sequence TTGGGG by employing its tandem C2H2 zinc fingers (ZF1-2). Here, we solved the crystal structure of human ZBTB10 ZF1-2 in complex with a double-stranded DNA duplex containing the sequence TTGGGG to assess the molecular details of this interaction. Combined with calorimetric analysis, we identified the vital residues in TTGGGG recognition and determined the specific recognition mechanisms that are different from those of TZAP (telomere zinc finger-associated protein), a recently defined telomeric DNA-binding protein. Following these studies, we further identified a single amino-acid mutant (Arg767Gln) of ZBTB10 ZF1-2 that shows a preference for the telomeric DNA repeat TTAGGG sequence. We solved the cocrystal structure, providing a structural basis for telomeric DNA recognition by C2H2 ZF proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics, The School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Ziyan Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics, The School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Meili Li
- MOE Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics, The School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Mengqi Lv
- MOE Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics, The School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Siyuan Shen
- MOE Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics, The School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yunyu Shi
- MOE Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics, The School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China.
| | - Fudong Li
- MOE Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics, The School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China.
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4
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Chu J, Li Y, He M, Zhang H, Yang L, Yang M, Liu J, Cui C, Hong L, Hu X, Zhou L, Li T, Li C, Fan H, Jiang G, Lang T. Zinc finger and SCAN domain containing 1, ZSCAN1, is a novel stemness-related tumor suppressor and transcriptional repressor in breast cancer targeting TAZ. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1041688. [PMID: 36923432 PMCID: PMC10009259 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1041688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cancer stem cells (CSCs) targeted therapy holds the potential for improving cancer management; identification of stemness-related genes in CSCs is necessary for its development. Methods The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Molecular Taxonomy of Breast Cancer International Consortium (METABRIC) datasets were used for survival analysis. ZSCAN1 correlated genes was identified by Spearman correlation analysis. Breast cancer stem-like cells (BCSLCs) were isolated by sorting CD44+CD24- cells from suspension cultured breast cancer (BC) spheroids. The sphere-forming capacity and sphere- and tumor-initiating capacities were determined by sphere formation and limiting dilution assays. The relative gene expression was determined by qRT-PCR, western blot. Lentivirus system was used for gene manipulation. Nuclear run-on assay was employed to examine the levels of nascent mRNAs. DNA pull-down and Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays were used for determining the interaction between protein and target DNA fragments. Luciferase reporter assay was used for evaluating the activity of the promoter. Results and discussion ZSCAN1 is aberrantly suppressed in BC, and this suppression indicates a bad prognosis. Ectopic expression of ZSCAN1 inhibited the proliferation, clonogenicity, and tumorigenicity of BC cells. ZSCAN1-overexpressing BCSLCs exhibited weakened stemness properties. Normal human mammary epithelial (HMLE) cells with ZSCAN1 depletion exhibited enhanced stemness properties. Mechanistic studies showed that ZSCAN1 directly binds to -951 ~ -925bp region of WWTR1 (encodes TAZ) promoter, inhibits WWTR1 transcription, thereby inhibiting the stemness of BCSCs. Our work thus revealed ZSCAN1 as a novel stemness-related tumor suppressor and transcriptional repressor in BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Chu
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yunzhe Li
- College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Misi He
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Breast Cancer Center, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Lingling Yang
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Muyao Yang
- College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jingshu Liu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chenxi Cui
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Liquan Hong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xingchi Hu
- Department of General Surgery, Yancheng City No.1 People's Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- School of Optometry, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, Research Centre for SHARP Vision (RCSV), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Centre for Eye and Vision Research (CEVR), 17W Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Tangya Li
- Department of General Surgery, Yancheng City No.1 People's Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China
| | - Changchun Li
- Department of General Surgery, Yancheng City No.1 People's Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huiwen Fan
- Department of General Surgery, Yancheng City No.1 People's Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guoqin Jiang
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tingyuan Lang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China.,Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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5
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Lupatov AY, Yarygin KN. Telomeres and Telomerase in the Control of Stem Cells. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10102335. [PMID: 36289597 PMCID: PMC9598777 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10102335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cells serve as a source of cellular material in embryogenesis and postnatal growth and regeneration. This requires significant proliferative potential ensured by sufficient telomere length. Telomere attrition in the stem cells and their niche cells can result in the exhaustion of the regenerative potential of high-turnover organs, causing or contributing to the onset of age-related diseases. In this review, stem cells are examined in the context of the current telomere-centric theory of cell aging, which assumes that telomere shortening depends not just on the number of cell doublings (mitotic clock) but also on the influence of various internal and external factors. The influence of the telomerase and telomere length on the functional activity of different stem cell types, as well as on their aging and prospects of use in cell therapy applications, is discussed.
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6
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Zhang J, Liu B, Gu D, Hao Y, Chen M, Ma Y, Zhou X, Reverter D, Zhang Y, Wang Q. Binding site profiles and N-terminal minor groove interactions of the master quorum-sensing regulator LuxR enable flexible control of gene activation and repression. Nucleic Acids Res 2021; 49:3274-3293. [PMID: 33693882 PMCID: PMC8034623 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkab150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
LuxR is a TetR family master quorum sensing (QS) regulator activating or repressing expression of hundreds of genes that control collective behaviors in Vibrios with underlying mechanism unknown. To illuminate how this regulator controls expression of various target genes, we applied ChIP-seq and DNase I-seq technologies. Vibrio alginolyticus LuxR controls expression of ∼280 genes that contain either symmetric palindrome (repDNA) or asymmetric (actDNA) binding motifs with different binding profiles. The median number of LuxR binding sites for activated genes are nearly double for that of repressed genes. Crystal structures of LuxR in complex with the respective repDNA and actDNA motifs revealed a new mode of LuxR DNA binding that involves contacts of its N-terminal extension to the minor groove. The N-terminal contacts mediated by Arginine-9 and Arginine-11 differ when LuxR binds to repDNA vs actDNA, leading to higher binding affinity at repressed targets. Moreover, modification of LuxR binding sites, binding profiles, and N-terminal extension have important consequences on QS-regulated phenotypes. These results facilitate fundamental understanding of the high flexibility of mechanisms of LuxR control of gene activation and repression in Vibrio QS, which may facilitate to design QS inhibiting chemicals that interfere with LuxR regulation to effectively control pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yuan Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Mo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yue Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhou
- Department of Pathobiology and Veterinary Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - David Reverter
- Correspondence may also be addressed to David Reverter. Tel: +34 93 5868955;
| | - Yuanxing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), 519000 Zhuhai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Maricultured Animal Vaccines, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiyao Wang
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +86 21 64253306;
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7
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Wieczór M, Czub J. Telomere uncapping by common oxidative guanine lesions: Insights from atomistic models. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 148:162-169. [PMID: 31926882 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative damage to DNA is widely known to contribute to aging and disease. This relationship has been extensively studied for telomeres - structures that cap chromosome ends - due to their role in cell proliferation and senescence, and exceptional susceptibility to oxidation. Indeed, the repetitive telomeric DNA sequence contains the 5'-GGG-3' motif that has the lowest ionization potential of all trinucleotides. Accordingly, experiments consistently show that telomeric oxidative lesions are more abundant and persistent than elsewhere in the genome. This led to a hypothesis that telomeres act as sensors of prolonged oxidative stress and prevent carcinogenesis, as disruption of telomeric integrity triggers senescence or apoptosis. Here, we use atomistic alchemical Molecular Dynamics simulations to perform a combinatorial assessment of changes in DNA binding affinity of telomeric proteins induced by oxidative guanine lesions. We rank lesions by their effect on telomere integrity, as well as telomeric proteins by their sensitivity to DNA oxidation. While the binding of most proteins is abolished by DNA oxidation, HOT1 emerges as a notable exception, suggesting its potential role in sensing of oxidative damage. Through statistical analysis and free energy decomposition, we also identify common trends in structural responses of protein-DNA complexes that contribute to decreased binding affinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miłosz Wieczór
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Jacek Czub
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, Gdańsk, Poland.
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8
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Bluhm A, Viceconte N, Li F, Rane G, Ritz S, Wang S, Levin M, Shi Y, Kappei D, Butter F. ZBTB10 binds the telomeric variant repeat TTGGGG and interacts with TRF2. Nucleic Acids Res 2019; 47:1896-1907. [PMID: 30629181 PMCID: PMC6393293 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gky1289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Telomeres are nucleoprotein structures at the ends of linear chromosomes and present an essential feature for genome integrity. Vertebrate telomeres usually consist of hexameric TTAGGG repeats, however, in cells that use the alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) mechanism, variant repeat sequences are interspersed throughout telomeres. Previously, it was shown that NR2C/F transcription factors bind to TCAGGG variant repeats and contribute to telomere maintenance in ALT cells. While specific binders to other variant repeat sequences have been lacking to date, we here identify ZBTB10 as the first TTGGGG-binding protein and demonstrate direct binding via the two zinc fingers with affinity in the nanomolar range. Concomitantly, ZBTB10 co-localizes with a subset of telomeres in ALT-positive U2OS cells and interacts with TRF2/RAP1 via the N-terminal region of TRF2. Our data establishes ZBTB10 as a novel variant repeat binding protein at ALT telomeres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Bluhm
- Quantitative Proteomics, Institute of Molecular Biology, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Nikenza Viceconte
- Quantitative Proteomics, Institute of Molecular Biology, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Fudong Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, 230027 Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Grishma Rane
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599
| | - Sandra Ritz
- Microscopy Core Facility, Institute of Molecular Biology, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Suman Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, 230027 Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Michal Levin
- Quantitative Proteomics, Institute of Molecular Biology, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Yunyu Shi
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, 230027 Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Dennis Kappei
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599
| | - Falk Butter
- Quantitative Proteomics, Institute of Molecular Biology, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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9
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Bie YN, Gu P, Chen YT, Zhou XX, Tian YG, Yang Q, Li HY, Lin X, Guan YH, Lin TY, Lu X, Shen HF, Fang TX, Liu YM, Xiao D, Gu WW. TZAP plays an inhibitory role in the self-renewal of porcine mesenchymal stromal cells and is implicated the regulation of premature senescence via the p53 pathway. J Transl Med 2019; 17:72. [PMID: 30845965 PMCID: PMC6404308 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-019-1820-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) were originally characterized by the ability to differentiate into different mesenchymal lineages in vitro, and their immunomodulatory and trophic functions have recently aroused significant interest in the application of MSCs in cell-based regenerative medicine. However, a major problem in clinical practice is the replicative senescence of MSCs, which limits the cell proliferation potential of MSCs after large-scale expansion. Telomeric zinc finger-associated protein (TZAP), a novel specific telomere-binding protein, was recently found to stimulate telomere trimming and prevent excessive telomere elongation. The aim of this study was to elucidate the role of TZAP in regulating MSCs senescence, differentiation and proliferation. Method Primary porcine mesenchymal stromal cells (pMSCs) were isolated from the bone marrow of Tibet minipigs by a noninvasive method in combination with frequent medium changes (FMCs). The deterioration of the pMSCs’ proliferation capacity and their resultant entry into senescence were analyzed by using CCK8 and EdU incorporation assays, SA-β-gal staining and comparisons of the expression levels of cellular senescence markers (p16INK14 and p21) in pMSC cell lines with TZAP overexpression or knockout. The effects of TZAP overexpression or knockout on the differentiation potential of pMSCs were assessed by alizarin red S staining after osteogenic induction or by oil red O staining after adipogenic induction. The effect of TZAP overexpression and the involvement of the p53 signaling pathway were evaluated by detecting changes in ARF, MDM2, P53 and P21 protein levels in pMSCs. Results TZAP levels were significantly elevated in late-passage pMSCs compared to those in early-passage pMSCs. We also observed significantly increased levels of the senescence markers p16INK4A and p21. Overexpression of TZAP reduced the differentiation potential of the cells, leading to premature senescence in early-passage pMSCs, while knockout of TZAP led to the opposite phenotype in late-passage pMSCs. Furthermore, overexpression of TZAP activated the P53 pathway (ARF-MDM2-P53-P21WAF/CDKN1A) in vitro. TZAP also downregulated the expression levels of PPARγ and Cebpα, two key modulators of adipogenesis. Conclusions This study demonstrates that the level of TZAP is closely related to differentiation potential in pMSCs and affects cellular senescence outcomes via the p53 pathway. Therefore, attenuation of intracellular TZAP levels could be a new strategy for improving the efficiency of pMSCs in cell therapy and tissue engineering applications. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12967-019-1820-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Nan Bie
- Institute of Comparative Medicine & Laboratory Animal Center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Songshan Lake Pearl Laboratory Animal Sci & Tech. Co., Ltd., Dongguan, China
| | - Peng Gu
- Institute of Comparative Medicine & Laboratory Animal Center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Songshan Lake Pearl Laboratory Animal Sci & Tech. Co., Ltd., Dongguan, China
| | - Yu-Ting Chen
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Xu Zhou
- Institute of Comparative Medicine & Laboratory Animal Center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Songshan Lake Pearl Laboratory Animal Sci & Tech. Co., Ltd., Dongguan, China
| | - Yu-Guang Tian
- Institute of Comparative Medicine & Laboratory Animal Center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qin Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hai-Yan Li
- Institute of Comparative Medicine & Laboratory Animal Center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xia Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunotherapy Research and Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunology Research, Cancer Research Institute, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan-Hong Guan
- Institute of Comparative Medicine & Laboratory Animal Center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao-Yan Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunotherapy Research and Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunology Research, Cancer Research Institute, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xun Lu
- Institute of Comparative Medicine & Laboratory Animal Center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong-Fen Shen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunotherapy Research and Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunology Research, Cancer Research Institute, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting-Xiao Fang
- Institute of Comparative Medicine & Laboratory Animal Center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Min Liu
- Institute of Comparative Medicine & Laboratory Animal Center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dong Xiao
- Institute of Comparative Medicine & Laboratory Animal Center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunotherapy Research and Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunology Research, Cancer Research Institute, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Wei-Wang Gu
- Institute of Comparative Medicine & Laboratory Animal Center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China. .,Songshan Lake Pearl Laboratory Animal Sci & Tech. Co., Ltd., Dongguan, China.
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10
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Xu D, Ma R, Zhang J, Liu Z, Wu B, Peng J, Zhai Y, Gong Q, Shi Y, Wu J, Wu Q, Zhang Z, Ruan K. Dynamic Nature of CTCF Tandem 11 Zinc Fingers in Multivalent Recognition of DNA As Revealed by NMR Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem Lett 2018; 9:4020-4028. [PMID: 29965776 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b01440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The 11 zinc fingers (ZFs) of the transcription factor CTCF play a versatile role in the regulation of gene expression. CTCF binds to numerous genomic sites to form chromatin loops and topologically associated domains and thus mediates the 3D architecture of chromatin. Although CTCF inter-ZF plasticity is essential for the recognition of multiple genomic sites, the dynamic nature of its 11 ZFs remains unknown. We assigned the chemical shifts of the CTCF ZFs 1-11 and solved the solution structures of each ZF. NMR backbone dynamics, residual dipolar couplings, and small-angle X-ray scattering experiments suggest a high inter-ZF plasticity of the free-form ZFs 1-11. As exemplified by two different protocadherin DNA sequences, the titration of DNAs to 15N-labeled CTCF ZFs 1-11 enabled systematic mapping of binding of CTCF ZFs to various chromatin sites. Our work paves the way for illustrating the molecular basis of the versatile DNA recognized by CTCF and has interesting implications for its conformational transition during DNA binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Difei Xu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Life Sciences , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , Anhui 230027 , P. R. China
| | - Rongsheng Ma
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Life Sciences , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , Anhui 230027 , P. R. China
| | - Jiahai Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Life Sciences , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , Anhui 230027 , P. R. China
| | - Zhijun Liu
- National Facility for Protein Science in Shanghai, ZhangJiang Lab, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201210 , P. R. China
| | - Bo Wu
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Hefei , Anhui 230031 , P. R. China
| | - Junhui Peng
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Life Sciences , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , Anhui 230027 , P. R. China
| | - Yanan Zhai
- Center for Comparative Biomedicine, MOE Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine, Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Collaborative Innovative Center of Systems Biomedicine, SCSB, State Key Laboratory of On-cogenes and Related Genes, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200240 , P. R. China
| | - Qingguo Gong
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Life Sciences , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , Anhui 230027 , P. R. China
| | - Yunyu Shi
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Life Sciences , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , Anhui 230027 , P. R. China
| | - Jihui Wu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Life Sciences , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , Anhui 230027 , P. R. China
| | - Qiang Wu
- Center for Comparative Biomedicine, MOE Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine, Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Collaborative Innovative Center of Systems Biomedicine, SCSB, State Key Laboratory of On-cogenes and Related Genes, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200240 , P. R. China
| | - Zhiyong Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Life Sciences , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , Anhui 230027 , P. R. China
| | - Ke Ruan
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Life Sciences , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , Anhui 230027 , P. R. China
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Li JSZ, Denchi EL. How stem cells keep telomeres in check. Differentiation 2018; 100:21-25. [PMID: 29413749 DOI: 10.1016/j.diff.2018.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
In multicellular organisms, regulation of telomere length in pluripotent stem cells is critical to ensure organism development and survival. Telomeres consist of repetitive DNA that are progressively lost with each cellular division. When telomeres become critically short, they activate a DNA damage response that results in cell cycle arrest. To counteract telomere attrition, pluripotent stem cells are equipped with telomere elongation mechanisms that ensure prolonged proliferation capacity and self-renewal capacity. Excessive telomere elongation can also be deleterious and is counteracted by a rapid telomere deletion mechanism termed telomere trimming. While the consequences of critically short telomeres are well established, we are only beginning to understand the mechanisms that counteract excessive telomere elongation. The balance between telomere elongation and shortening determine the telomere length set point in pluripotent stem cells and ensures sustained proliferative potential without causing chromosome instability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Su Zhou Li
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Eros Lazzerini Denchi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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