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O'Brien L, Wilkinson TJ, Frampton C, Gearry RB, Wall C. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the dietary fiber menu provision and consumption for older adults living in residential care facilities. Am J Clin Nutr 2024:S0002-9165(24)00520-3. [PMID: 38851635 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Older adults living in residential care facilities are commonly given laxatives to treat constipation; however, these may not always provide full relief, and side effects include diarrhea. Dietary fiber effectively prevents constipation, and international guidelines recommend 25 g/d for optimal laxation. Older adults in residential care rely on the facility menu to provide their nutritional requirements, including adequate dietary fiber. Little is known about how much dietary fiber is provided and consumed. OBJECTIVES We aimed to determine the provision and consumption of dietary fiber for older adults living in residential care facilities. METHODS We systematically searched available literature for studies reporting the analysis of residential care menus and meals consumed by residents aged over 65 y. A meta-analysis was performed on the studies that provided the mean amount of dietary fiber provided and consumed by residents. A random effect model was applied due to the heterogeneity of study methodologies. RESULTS The literature search yielded 4406 publications, but only 28 studies were eligible for our meta-analysis. The study sample comprised 4817 residents. The mean amount of fiber provided to residents was 21.4 g/d [standard error (SE): 1.2; 95% confidence interval: 18.8, 24.2 g/d], the mean amount of fiber consumed by residents was 15.8 g/d (SE: 0.6; 95% confidence interval: 14.7, 16.9 g/d). CONCLUSIONS Older adults living in care facilities are provided with dietary fiber below the recommended guidelines. Compounding this is that residents consume much less than what is provided and do not meet the recommendations for dietary fiber consumption. There is scope to improve dietary fiber provision, promote consumption to residents to aid laxation, and potentially reduce laxative use and the unwanted side effects of diarrhea. This trial was registered at PROSPERO as CRD42023427265.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leigh O'Brien
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand.
| | - Tim J Wilkinson
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Chris Frampton
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Richard B Gearry
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Catherine Wall
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
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Thieleking R, Schneidewind L, Kanyamibwa A, Hartmann H, Horstmann A, Witte AV, Medawar E. Nutrient scoring for the DEGS1-FFQ - from food intake to nutrient intake. BMC Nutr 2023; 9:12. [PMID: 36639712 PMCID: PMC9837986 DOI: 10.1186/s40795-022-00636-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While necessary for studying dietary decision-making or public health, estimates of nutrient supply based on self-reported food intake are barely accessible or fully lacking and remain a challenge in human research. In particular, detailed information on dietary fiber is limited. In this study we introduce an automated openly available approach to assess self-reported nutrient intake for research purposes for a popular, validated German food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). METHODS To this end, we i) developed and shared a code for assessing nutrients (carbohydrates, fat, protein, sugar, fiber, etc.) for 53 items of the quantitative, validated German DEGS1-FFQ questionnaire implementing expert-guided nutritional values of diverse sources with several raters. In a sample of individuals (nGUT-BRAIN = 61 (21 female) overweight, omnivorous), we ii) cross-validated nutrient intake of the last 7 days and the last 24 h and iii) computed test-retest reliability across two timepoints. Further, iv) we reported newly computed nutrient intake for two independent cross-sectional cohorts with continuous weight status and different dietary habits (nMensa = 134 (79 female, 1 diverse), nGREADT = 76 male). Exploratively, we v) correlated computed, energy-adjusted nutrient intake with anthropometric markers and HbA1c and vi) used linear mixed models to analyse the predictability of BMI and WHR by nutrient intake. RESULTS In overweight adults (n = 61 (21 female), mean age 28.2 ± 6.5 years, BMI 27.4 ± 1.6 kg/m2) nutrient intakes were mostly within recommended reference nutrient ranges for both last 7 days and last 24 h. Recommended fiber intake was not reached and sugar intake was surpassed. Calculated energy intake was significantly higher from last 24 h than from last 7 days but energy-adjusted nutrient intakes did not differ between those timeframes. Reliability of nutrient values between last 7 days and 24 h per visit was moderate (Pearson's rhoall ≥ 0.33, rhomax = 0.62) and absolute agreement across two timepoints was low to high for 7 days (Pearson's rhomin = 0.12, rhomax = 0.64,) and low to moderate for 24 h (Pearson's rhomin = 0.11, rhomax = 0.45). Associations of dietary components to anthropometric markers showed distinct sex differences, with overall higher intake by males compared to females and only females presenting a negative association of BMI with fiber intake. Lastly, in the overweight sample (but not when extending the analysis to a wider BMI range of 18.6-36.4 kg/m2), we could confirm that higher BMI was predicted by lower energy-adjusted fiber intake and higher energy-adjusted fat intake (when adjusting for age, sex and physical activity) while higher WHR was predicted by higher energy intake. CONCLUSION We provide an openly available tool to systematically assess nutrient intake, including fiber, based on self-report by a common German FFQ. The computed nutrient scores resembled overall plausible and reliable measures of nutrient intake given the known limitations of FFQs regarding over- or underreporting and suggest valid comparability when adjusting for energy intake. Our open code nutrient scoring can help to examine dietary intake in experimental studies, including dietary fiber, and can be readily adapted to other FFQs. Further validation of computed nutrients with biomarkers and nutrient-specific metabolites in serum, urine or feces will help to interpret self-reported dietary intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronja Thieleking
- grid.419524.f0000 0001 0041 5028Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Lennard Schneidewind
- grid.419524.f0000 0001 0041 5028Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Arsene Kanyamibwa
- grid.419524.f0000 0001 0041 5028Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany ,grid.7737.40000 0004 0410 2071Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hendrik Hartmann
- grid.419524.f0000 0001 0041 5028Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany ,grid.7737.40000 0004 0410 2071Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Annette Horstmann
- grid.419524.f0000 0001 0041 5028Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany ,grid.7737.40000 0004 0410 2071Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - A. Veronica Witte
- grid.419524.f0000 0001 0041 5028Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany ,grid.411339.d0000 0000 8517 9062Clinic for Cognitive Neurology, University Medical Center Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Evelyn Medawar
- grid.419524.f0000 0001 0041 5028Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
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Zhao B, Deng H, Li B, Chen L, Zou F, Hu L, Wei Y, Zhang W. Association of magnesium consumption with type 2 diabetes and glucose metabolism: A systematic review and pooled study with trial sequential analysis. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2020; 36:e3243. [PMID: 31758631 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.3243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Prevention of type 2 diabetes (T2D) with diet or diet supplementation is challenging. This article aims to draw conclusive associations between magnesium intake and T2D incidence and evaluate the effect of magnesium supplementation on glucose metabolism. Databases were searched for related articles from inception to May 15, 2019. Prospective cohort studies investigating the relevant relationship as well as randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the effect of magnesium supplementation were eligible. We conducted trial sequential analysis (TSA) to prove the sufficiency of the current evidence. Twenty-six publications involving 35 cohorts were included in the analysis. Compared to the lowest magnesium intake, the highest level was associated with a 22% lower risk for T2D; the risk was reduced by 6% for each 100 mg increment in daily magnesium intake. Additional analysis of 26 RCTs (1168 participants) was performed, revealing that magnesium supplementation significantly reduced the fasting plasma glucose (FPG) level (SMD, -0.32 [95% CI, -0.59 to -0.05], 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test (2-h OGTT) result (SMD, -0.30 [-0.58 to -0.02]), fasting insulin level (SMD, -0.17 [-0.30 to -0.04]), homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) score (SMD, -0.41 [-0.71 to -0.11]), triglyceride (TG) level, systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). TSA showed an inverse association, with most benefits of magnesium supplementation on glucose metabolism being stable. In conclusion, magnesium intake has an inverse dose-response association with T2D incidence, and supplementation appears to be advisable in terms of glucose parameters in T2D/high-risk individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binghao Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Huan Deng
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Lian Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Fang Zou
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Lei Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yiping Wei
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Wenxiong Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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Akimoto S, Goto C, Kuriki K. Relationship between ethanol consumption and TBL2 rs17145738 on LDL-C concentration in Japanese adults: a four season 3-day weighed diet record study. BMC Nutr 2019; 5:61. [PMID: 32153974 PMCID: PMC7050859 DOI: 10.1186/s40795-019-0315-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) concentration is modified by dietary and genetic factors; however, little is known about the details of this relationship. Our aim was to investigate the associations taking into account dietary assessment methods, seasonal effects and missing values.
Methods
Study subjects completed food frequency questionnaires (FFQ) and supplied 3-day weighed dietary records (WDRs) and blood samples in four seasons. Approximately 660,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were measured. Candidate SNPs related to LDL-C concentration were systematically selected. Multiple imputation was applied for missing values. A total of 312 repeated measures data were used for analyses. After adjusting for season and subjects as fixed and random effects, effects of nutrient intake and SNPs on LDL-C concentration were assessed according to three dietary assessment methods: the FFQ and first and four season 3-day WDRs (4 s-3d WDRs).
Results
For LDL-C concentration, ethanol consumption derived from all three dietary assessment methods was consistently associated (P < 0.09 for all). Positive and negative relationships were consistently shown with rs651007 and rs1160985 in the first and four seasons; but the latter remained after adjusting for total dietary fiber intake derived from the FFQ and 4 s-3d WDRs (P < 0.05, excepting the first 3-day WDRs). rs599839 was negatively associated after cholesterol intakes derived from the first and 4 s-3d WDRs were considered (P < 0.05 and 0.07, respectively). Each rs17145738 and ethanol consumption based on the 4 s-3d WDRs was related to LDL-C concentration (P < 0.05). Seasonal variations of LDL-C concentration were observed only in summer.
Conclusions
In contrast to nutrient intake, ethanol consumption was shown to be comprehensively related to LDL-C concentration, regardless of dietary assessment methods. Taking into account seasonal effects, critical relationships with LDL-C concentration for some SNPs, after adjustment for specific nutrients, were revealed. Our findings can be used to help to interpret the relationships between dietary and genetic factors on LDL-C concentration in large-scale epidemiological studies.
(10/10 keywords)
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Fang X, Wang K, Han D, He X, Wei J, Zhao L, Imam MU, Ping Z, Li Y, Xu Y, Min J, Wang F. Dietary magnesium intake and the risk of cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and all-cause mortality: a dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. BMC Med 2016; 14:210. [PMID: 27927203 PMCID: PMC5143460 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-016-0742-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although studies have examined the association between dietary magnesium intake and health outcome, the results are inconclusive. Here, we conducted a dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies in order to investigate the correlation between magnesium intake and the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), type 2 diabetes (T2D), and all-cause mortality. METHODS PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science were searched for articles that contained risk estimates for the outcomes of interest and were published through May 31, 2016. The pooled results were analyzed using a random-effects model. RESULTS Forty prospective cohort studies totaling more than 1 million participants were included in the analysis. During the follow-up periods (ranging from 4 to 30 years), 7678 cases of CVD, 6845 cases of coronary heart disease (CHD), 701 cases of heart failure, 14,755 cases of stroke, 26,299 cases of T2D, and 10,983 deaths were reported. No significant association was observed between increasing dietary magnesium intake (per 100 mg/day increment) and the risk of total CVD (RR: 0.99; 95% CI, 0.88-1.10) or CHD (RR: 0.92; 95% CI, 0.85-1.01). However, the same incremental increase in magnesium intake was associated with a 22% reduction in the risk of heart failure (RR: 0.78; 95% CI, 0.69-0.89) and a 7% reduction in the risk of stroke (RR: 0.93; 95% CI, 0.89-0.97). Moreover, the summary relative risks of T2D and mortality per 100 mg/day increment in magnesium intake were 0.81 (95% CI, 0.77-0.86) and 0.90 (95% CI, 0.81-0.99), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Increasing dietary magnesium intake is associated with a reduced risk of stroke, heart failure, diabetes, and all-cause mortality, but not CHD or total CVD. These findings support the notion that increasing dietary magnesium might provide health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuexian Fang
- Department of Nutrition, Nutrition Discovery Innovation Center, Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kai Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dan Han
- Department of Nutrition, Nutrition Discovery Innovation Center, Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuyan He
- Department of Nutrition, Nutrition Discovery Innovation Center, Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiayu Wei
- Department of Nutrition, Nutrition Discovery Innovation Center, Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lu Zhao
- Department of Nutrition, Nutrition Discovery Innovation Center, Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mustapha Umar Imam
- Precision Nutrition Innovation Center, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhiguang Ping
- Precision Nutrition Innovation Center, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yusheng Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuming Xu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Junxia Min
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fudi Wang
- Department of Nutrition, Nutrition Discovery Innovation Center, Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China. .,Precision Nutrition Innovation Center, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
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Wu Y, Qian Y, Pan Y, Li P, Yang J, Ye X, Xu G. Association between dietary fiber intake and risk of coronary heart disease: A meta-analysis. Clin Nutr 2014; 34:603-11. [PMID: 24929874 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2014.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2014] [Revised: 05/12/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The association between coronary heart disease (CHD) and dietary fiber intake is not consistent, especially for the subtypes of dietary fiber. The aim of our study was to conduct a meta-analysis of existing cohort published studies assessing the association between dietary fiber intake and risk of CHD, and quantitatively estimating their dose-response relationships. METHODS We searched PubMed and EMBASE before May 2013. Random-effect model was used to calculate the pool relative risk (RRs) for the incidence and mortality of CHD. Dose-response, subgroup analyses based on fiber subtypes, heterogeneity and publication bias were also carried out. RESULTS Eighteen studies involving 672,408 individuals were finally included in the present study. The pooled-adjusted RRs of coronary heart disease for the highest versus lowest category of fiber intake were 0.93 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.91-0.96, P < 0.001) for incidence of all coronary events and 0.83 (95% CI, 0.76-0.91, P < 0.001) for mortality. Further subgroup analyses based on fiber subtypes (cereal, fruit, and vegetable fiber), indicated that RRs were 0.92 (95% CI, 0.85-0.99, P = 0.032), 0.92 (95% CI, 0.86-0.98, P = 0.01), 0.95 (95% CI, 0.89-1.01, P = 0.098) respectively for all coronary event and 0.81 (95% CI, 0.72-0.92, P = 0.001), 0.68 (95% CI, 0.43-1.07, P = 0.094), 0.91 (95% CI, 0.74-1.12, P = 0.383) for mortality. In addition, a significant dose-response relationship was observed between fiber intake and the incidence and mortality of CHD (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that consumption of dietary fiber is inversely associated with risk of coronary heart disease, especially for fiber from cereals and fruits. Besides, soluble and insoluble fibers have the similar effect. A significant dose-response relationship is also observed between fiber intake and CHD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihua Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Zhejiang University School of Public Health, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yufeng Qian
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Yiwen Pan
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Peiwei Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Zhejiang University School of Public Health, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Zhejiang University School of Public Health, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xianhua Ye
- Department of Cardiology, The First People's Hospital of Hangzhou, Hangzhou, 310000, China.
| | - Geng Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China.
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Deschasaux M, Pouchieu C, His M, Hercberg S, Latino-Martel P, Touvier M. Dietary total and insoluble fiber intakes are inversely associated with prostate cancer risk. J Nutr 2014; 144:504-10. [PMID: 24553693 DOI: 10.3945/jn.113.189670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Although experimental data suggest a potentially protective involvement of dietary fiber in prostate carcinogenesis, very few prospective studies have investigated the relation between dietary fiber intake and prostate cancer risk, and those have had inconsistent results. Our objective was to study the association between dietary fiber intake (overall, insoluble, soluble, and from different sources, such as cereals, vegetables, fruits, and legumes) and prostate cancer risk. Stratifications by excess weight status, insulin-like growth factors, and amount of alcohol intake were also considered. This prospective analysis included 3313 men from the Supplémentation en Vitamines et Minéraux Antioxydants (SU.VI.MAX) cohort who completed at least 3 24-h dietary records. One hundred thirty-nine incident prostate cancers were diagnosed between 1994 and 2007 (median follow-up of 12.6 y). Associations between quartiles of energy-adjusted dietary fiber intake and prostate cancer risk were characterized by multivariate Cox proportional hazards models. Prostate cancer risk was inversely associated with total dietary fiber intake (HR of quartile 4 vs. quartile 1 = 0.47; 95% CI: 0.27, 0.81; P = 0.001), insoluble (HR = 0.46; 95% CI: 0.27, 0.78; P = 0.001), and legume (HR = 0.55; 95% CI: 0.32, 0.95; P = 0.04) fiber intakes. In contrast, we found no association between prostate cancer risk and soluble (P = 0.1), cereal (P = 0.7), vegetable (P = 0.9), and fruit (P = 0.4) fiber intakes. In conclusion, dietary fiber intake (total, insoluble, and from legumes but not soluble or from cereals, vegetables, and fruits) was inversely associated with prostate cancer risk, consistent with mechanistic data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Deschasaux
- Sorbonne Paris Cité Research Center, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team, U1153 National Institute of Health and Medical Research, U1125 National Institute for Agricultural Research, National Conservatory of Arts and Crafts, Paris 13 University, Bobigny, France
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Threapleton DE, Greenwood DC, Evans CEL, Cleghorn CL, Nykjaer C, Woodhead C, Cade JE, Gale CP, Burley VJ. Dietary fibre intake and risk of cardiovascular disease: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ 2013; 347:f6879. [PMID: 24355537 PMCID: PMC3898422 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.f6879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 425] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate dietary fibre intake and any potential dose-response association with coronary heart disease and cardiovascular disease. DESIGN Systematic review of available literature and dose-response meta-analysis of cohort studies using random effects models. DATA SOURCES The Cochrane Library, Medline, Medline in-process, Embase, CAB Abstracts, ISI Web of Science, BIOSIS, and hand searching. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA FOR STUDIES Prospective studies reporting associations between fibre intake and coronary heart disease or cardiovascular disease, with a minimum follow-up of three years and published in English between 1 January 1990 and 6 August 2013. RESULTS 22 cohort study publications met inclusion criteria and reported total dietary fibre intake, fibre subtypes, or fibre from food sources and primary events of cardiovascular disease or coronary heart disease. Total dietary fibre intake was inversely associated with risk of cardiovascular disease (risk ratio 0.91 per 7 g/day (95% confidence intervals 0.88 to 0.94)) and coronary heart disease (0.91 (0.87 to 0.94)). There was evidence of some heterogeneity between pooled studies for cardiovascular disease (I(2)=45% (0% to 74%)) and coronary heart disease (I(2)=33% (0% to 66%)). Insoluble fibre and fibre from cereal and vegetable sources were inversely associated with risk of coronary heart disease and cardiovascular disease. Fruit fibre intake was inversely associated with risk of cardiovascular disease. CONCLUSIONS Greater dietary fibre intake is associated with a lower risk of both cardiovascular disease and coronary heart disease. Findings are aligned with general recommendations to increase fibre intake. The differing strengths of association by fibre type or source highlight the need for a better understanding of the mode of action of fibre components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane E Threapleton
- Nutritional Epidemiology Group, School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
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Ismail NA, Posma JM, Frost G, Holmes E, Garcia-Perez I. The role of metabonomics as a tool for augmenting nutritional information in epidemiological studies. Electrophoresis 2013; 34:2776-86. [PMID: 23893902 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201300066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2013] [Revised: 07/04/2013] [Accepted: 07/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Most chronic diseases have been demonstrated to have a link to nutrition. Within food and nutritional research there is a major driver to understand the relationship between diet and disease in order to improve health of individuals. However, the lack of accurate dietary intake assessment in free-living populations, makes accurate estimation of how diet is associated with disease risk difficulty. Thus, there is a pressing need to find solutions to the inaccuracy of dietary reporting. Metabolic profiling of urine or plasma can provide an unbiased approach to characterizing dietary intake and various high-throughput analytical platforms have been used in order to implement targeted and nontargeted assays in nutritional clinical trials and nutritional epidemiology studies. This review describes first the challenges presented in interpreting the relationship between diet and health within individual and epidemiological frameworks. Second, we aim to explore how metabonomics can benefit different types of nutritional studies and discuss the critical importance of selecting appropriate analytical techniques in these studies. Third, we propose a strategy capable of providing accurate assessment of food intake within an epidemiological framework in order establish accurate associations between diet and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurhafzan A Ismail
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nutrition and Dietetic Research Group, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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Li T, Zhong JZ, Wan J, Liu CM, Le BY, Liu W, Fu GM. Effects of micronized okara dietary fiber on cecal microbiota, serum cholesterol and lipid levels in BALB/c mice. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2013; 64:968-73. [DOI: 10.3109/09637486.2013.809705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Dietary fibre and cardiovascular disease mortality in the UK Women’s Cohort Study. Eur J Epidemiol 2013; 28:335-46. [DOI: 10.1007/s10654-013-9799-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2012] [Accepted: 03/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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