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Pagliai G, Colombini B, Bellando Randone S, Amedei A, Guiducci S, Sofi F. Nutrients, foods and dietary patterns in the management of autoimmune rheumatic diseases. CLINICAL NUTRITION OPEN SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nutos.2022.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Pecoraro L, Zoller T, Atkinson RL, Nisi F, Antoniazzi F, Cavarzere P, Piacentini G, Pietrobelli A. Supportive treatment of vascular dysfunction in pediatric subjects with obesity: the OBELIX study. Nutr Diabetes 2022; 12:2. [PMID: 35013093 PMCID: PMC8748969 DOI: 10.1038/s41387-021-00180-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Overweight or obese children develop abnormal endothelial cell dysfunction and arterial intima-media thickening with increased vasomotor tone and inflammation. Curcumin, resveratrol, zinc, magnesium, selenium, and vitamin D have shown beneficial effects on endothelial function. We test, among overweight and obese pediatric subjects, the effects on the endothelium of a combination of curcumin, resveratrol, zinc, magnesium, selenium, and vitamin D. METHODS Forty-eight subjects (6-17 years) were randomized into two groups (placebo vs treatment) attended three visits at 0, 3, and 6 months (±15 days). Endothelial function was assessed by means of a post-occlusive release hyperemic (PORH) test for estimation of delta flow (DF) and hyperemic AUC index, and a heat provocation test (HPT) to measure DF HPT (DFHPT). RESULTS Significant DF difference was noted at 6 months in both groups (p < 0.001). Overall time trend was significantly different between baseline, 3 months, and 6 months both in placebo (p < 0.05) and treatment (p < 0.001) groups and their comparison (p < 0.001). No differences were noted in hyperemic AUC index (3 and 6 months), whilst there were significant differences in time trends of rreatment (p < 0.001) and placebo (p < 0.05) groups and their comparison (p < 0.001). DFHPT difference between groups was significant at 3 and 6 months (p < 0.05). The overall time trend was significant exclusively in Treatment group between 3 and 6 months (p < 0.05). Correlation with anthropometrics was found for DF and body mass index (r = 0.677 6 months, p < 0.05), as well as for hyperemic AUC index and males (r = 0.348, p < 0.05), while DFHPT showed no correlation. CONCLUSION Curcumin, resveratrol, zinc, magnesium, selenium, and vitamin D appear to be promising in enhancing endothelial function by improvement of both DF in the PORH test and DF in the HPT, lowering the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases in overweight and obese pediatric subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Pecoraro
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.,Paediatric Clinic, ASST Mantua, Mantua, Italy
| | - Thomas Zoller
- Pediatric Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Richard L Atkinson
- Department of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Fulvio Nisi
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Rozzano, MI, Italy
| | - Franco Antoniazzi
- Pediatric Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Paolo Cavarzere
- Pediatric Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Giorgio Piacentini
- Pediatric Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Angelo Pietrobelli
- Pediatric Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy. .,Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA.
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Tzelefa V, Tsirimiagkou C, Argyris A, Moschonis G, Perogiannakis G, Yannakoulia M, Sfikakis P, Protogerou AD, Karatzi K. Associations of dietary patterns with blood pressure and markers of subclinical arterial damage in adults with risk factors for CVD. Public Health Nutr 2021; 24:6075-6084. [PMID: 34392855 PMCID: PMC11148598 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980021003499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Unhealthy diet is a modifiable risk factor leading to subclinical arterial damage (SAD), high BP and CVD. It was aimed to investigate the possible associations of dietary patterns (DPs) with SAD in adults having multiple CVD risk factors. DESIGN Dietary intake was evaluated through two 24-h dietary recalls and principal component analysis was used to identify DPs. Oscillometry, applanation tonometry with pulse wave analysis and carotid ultrasound were used to assess peripheral and aortic BP, arterial stiffness and pressure wave reflections. SETTING Laiko University Hospital, Athens, Greece. PARTICIPANTS A total of 470 individuals (53·1 ± 14·2 years) with CVD risk factors were enrolled. RESULTS A pattern characterised by increased consumption of whole-grain cereals, white meat and reduced consumption of sugar was positively associated with common carotid compliance (β = 0·01, 95 % CI 0·00, 0·01), whereas a pattern high in refined cereals, red and processed meat was positively associated with brachial but not aortic systolic pressure (β = 1·76, 95 % CI 0·11, 3·42) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) (β = 1·18, 95 % CI 0·02, -2·38). Low consumption of low-fat dairy products, high consumption of full-fat cheese and butter was positively associated with MAP (β = 0·97, 95 % CI 0·01, 1·95). Increased consumption of vegetables, fruits, fresh juices, fish and seafood was inversely associated with augmentation index (AIx) (β = -1·01, 95 % CI -1·93, -0·09). CONCLUSION Consumption of whole grains, white meat, fruits/vegetables, fish/seafood and avoidance of sugar was associated with improved SAD. Preference in refined grains, red/processed meat, high-fat cheese/butter and low intake of low-fat dairy products were associated with BP elevation. Future studies are needed to confirm the present findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicky Tzelefa
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, Greece
| | - Christiana Tsirimiagkou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, Greece
- Cardiovascular Prevention & Research Unit, Clinic & Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Department of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Antonios Argyris
- Cardiovascular Prevention & Research Unit, Clinic & Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Department of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - George Moschonis
- Department of Dietetics, Nutrition and Sport, School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - George Perogiannakis
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Yannakoulia
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, Greece
| | - Petros Sfikakis
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, 1st Department of Propaedeutic and Internal Medicine, Athens University Medical School, Laiko Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Athanase D Protogerou
- Cardiovascular Prevention & Research Unit, Clinic & Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Department of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
- Hellenic Foundation for Cardiovascular Health and Nutrition, Athens, Greece
| | - Kalliopi Karatzi
- Hellenic Foundation for Cardiovascular Health and Nutrition, Athens, Greece
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Greece Iera Odos 75, 118 55Athens, Greece
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Long-Term Dietary Changes after Diagnosis of Rheumatoid Arthritis in Swedish Women: Data from a Population-Based Cohort. Int J Rheumatol 2018; 2018:9152480. [PMID: 29991946 PMCID: PMC6016163 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9152480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate long-term dietary changes after rheumatoid arthritis (RA) diagnosis in Swedish women, compared to women without RA. Methods This study included 21,602 women from the Swedish Mammography Cohort (SMC), who completed dietary questionnaires in 1997 and 2009. Between 1997 and 2009, 191 women were diagnosed with RA. Dietary changes after RA diagnosis were analyzed based on intake of 82 food items. Statistical analysis included linear mixed models. Results Women with RA, compared to women without RA, had significantly lower intake (mean servings per week) of animal products such as black pudding, egg, kidney, and liver paste (2.94±2.73 versus 2.45±1.82, p=0.010) and dairy products (35.14±20.02 versus 28.42±16.10, p=0.040) in 1997 and of cereals and grains (31.01±15.54 versus 28.00±14.98, p=0.009) in 2009. However, multivariable adjusted changes in dietary intake from 1997 to 2009 did not show any significant difference in intake. Nevertheless, women without RA increased their intake of whole wheat bread, wheat/oat bran, and rice more than women with RA. Conclusion Women who had been diagnosed with RA had similar dietary patterns over time as the general population; these women did not remarkably change their diet over time due to their disease. Dietary recommendations for RA patients are needed.
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Dietary Phytochemicals: Natural Swords Combating Inflammation and Oxidation-Mediated Degenerative Diseases. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:5137431. [PMID: 27721914 PMCID: PMC5046019 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5137431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Revised: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cumulatively, degenerative disease is one of the most fatal groups of diseases, and it contributes to the mortality and poor quality of life in the world while increasing the economic burden of the sufferers. Oxidative stress and inflammation are the major pathogenic causes of degenerative diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), diabetes mellitus (DM), and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Although a number of synthetic medications are used to treat these diseases, none of the current regimens are completely safe. Phytochemicals (polyphenols, carotenoids, anthocyanins, alkaloids, glycosides, saponins, and terpenes) from natural products such as dietary fruits, vegetables, and spices are potential sources of alternative medications to attenuate the oxidative stress and inflammation associated with degenerative diseases. Based on in vitro, in vivo, and clinical trials, some of these active compounds have shown good promise for development into novel agents for treating RA, DM, and CVD by targeting oxidative stress and inflammation. In this review, phytochemicals from natural products with the potential of ameliorating degenerative disease involving the bone, metabolism, and the heart are described.
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Blanch N, Clifton PM, Keogh JB. A systematic review of vascular and endothelial function: effects of fruit, vegetable and potassium intake. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2015; 25:253-266. [PMID: 25456155 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2014.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2014] [Revised: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 10/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
AIM To review the relationships between: 1) Potassium and endothelial function; 2) Fruits and vegetables and endothelial function; 3) Potassium and other measures of vascular function; 4) Fruits and vegetables and other measures of vascular function. DATA SYNTHESIS An electronic search for intervention trials investigating the effect of potassium, fruits and vegetables on vascular function was performed in MEDLINE, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library. Potassium appears to improve endothelial function with a dose of >40 mmol/d, however the mechanisms for this effect remain unclear. Potassium may improve measures of vascular function however this effect may be dependent on the effect of potassium on blood pressure. The effect of fruit and vegetables on endothelial function independent of confounding variables is less clear. Increased fruit and vegetable intake may improve vascular function only in high risk populations. CONCLUSION Increasing dietary potassium appears to improve vascular function but the effect of increasing fruit and vegetable intake per se on vascular function is less clear.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Blanch
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, University of South Australia, Australia
| | - P M Clifton
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, University of South Australia, Australia
| | - J B Keogh
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, University of South Australia, Australia.
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Petersen KS, Keogh JB, Meikle PJ, Garg ML, Clifton PM. Dietary predictors of arterial stiffness in a cohort with type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Atherosclerosis 2014; 238:175-81. [PMID: 25528424 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Revised: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 12/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the dietary predictors of central blood pressure, augmentation index and pulse wave velocity (PWV) in subjects with type 1 and type 2 diabetes. METHODS Participants were diagnosed with type 1 or type 2 diabetes and had PWV and/or pulse wave analysis performed. Dietary intake was measured using the Dietary Questionnaire for Epidemiological Studies Version 2 Food Frequency Questionnaire. Serum lipid species and carotenoids were measured, using liquid chromatography electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry and high performance liquid chromatography, as biomarkers of dairy and vegetable intake, respectively. Associations were determined using linear regression adjusted for potential confounders. RESULTS PWV (n = 95) was inversely associated with reduced fat dairy intake (β = -0.01; 95% CI -0.02, -0.01; p = 0 < 0.05) in particular yoghurt consumption (β = -0.04; 95% CI -0.09, -0.01; p = 0 < 0.05) after multivariate adjustment. Total vegetable consumption was negatively associated with PWV in the whole cohort after full adjustment (β = -0.04; 95% CI -0.07, -0.01; p < 0.05). Individual lipid species, particularly those containing 14:0, 15:0, 16:0, 17:0 and 17:1 fatty acids, known to be of ruminant origin, in lysophosphatidylcholine, cholesterol ester, diacylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, sphingomyelin and triacylglycerol classes were positively associated with intake of full fat dairy, after adjustment for multiple comparisons. However, there was no association between serum lipid species and PWV. There were no dietary predictors of central blood pressure or augmentation index after multivariate adjustment. CONCLUSION In this cohort of subjects with diabetes reduced fat dairy intake and vegetable consumption were inversely associated with PWV. The lack of a relationship between serum lipid species and PWV suggests that the fatty acid composition of dairy may not explain the beneficial effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- K S Petersen
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences & Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia.
| | - J B Keogh
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences & Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia.
| | - P J Meikle
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, 75 Commercial Road, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia.
| | - M L Garg
- Nutraceuticals Research Group, 305C Medical Science Building, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia.
| | - P M Clifton
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences & Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia.
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Current World Literature. Curr Opin Rheumatol 2013; 25:398-409. [DOI: 10.1097/bor.0b013e3283604218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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