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Abud EM, White AA. Mast Cells in Aspirin-Exacerbated Respiratory Disease. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 2024; 24:73-80. [PMID: 38217825 DOI: 10.1007/s11882-024-01125-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) is a syndrome of high type 2 inflammation and is known to critically involve mast cell activation. The mast cell is an important cell in the baseline inflammatory processes in the upper and lower airway by maintaining and amplifying type 2 inflammation. But it also is prominent in the hypersensitivity reaction to COX-1 inhibition which defines this condition. RECENT FINDINGS Recent work highlights the mast cell as a focal point in AERD pathogenesis. Using AERD as a specific model of both high type 2 asthma and chronic sinusitis, the role of mast cell activity can be better understood in other aspects of airway inflammation. Further dissecting out the mechanism of COX-1-mediated mast cell activation in AERD will be an important next phase in our understanding of NSAID-induced hypersensitivity as well as AERD pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edsel M Abud
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology, Scripps Clinic, San Diego, USA
- Scripps Research Translational Institute, Scripps Research, San Diego, USA
| | - Andrew A White
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology, Scripps Clinic, San Diego, USA.
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2
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Holmegaard L, Stanne TM, Andreasson U, Zetterberg H, Blennow K, Blomstrand C, Jood K, Jern C. Proinflammatory protein signatures in cryptogenic and large artery atherosclerosis stroke. Acta Neurol Scand 2021; 143:303-312. [PMID: 33107019 PMCID: PMC7898473 DOI: 10.1111/ane.13366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Objectives The cause of ischemic stroke remains unknown, cryptogenic, in 25% of young and middle‐aged patients. We hypothesized that if atherosclerosis is prominent in cryptogenic stroke, it would have a similar proinflammatory protein signature as large artery atherosclerosis (LAA) stroke. Materials & Methods Blood was collected in the acute phase and after 3 months from cryptogenic (n = 162) and LAA (n = 73) stroke patients aged 18–69 years and once from age‐matched controls (n = 235). Cryptogenic stroke was divided into Framingham Risk Score (FRS) quartiles to compare low and high risk of atherosclerosis. Plasma concentrations of 25 proteins were analyzed using a Luminex multiplex assay. The discriminating properties were assessed with discriminant analysis and C‐statistics. Results We identified proteins that separated cryptogenic and LAA stroke from controls (area under the curves, AUCs ≥ 0.85). For both subtypes, RANTES, IL‐4, and IFN‐γ contributed the most at both time points. These associations were independent of risk factors of atherosclerosis. We also identified proteins that separated cryptogenic strokes in the lowest quartile of FRS from those in the highest, and from LAA stroke (AUCs ≥ 0.76), and here eotaxin and MCP‐1 contributed the most. Conclusions The protein signature separating cases from controls was different from the signature separating cryptogenic stroke with low risk of atherosclerosis from those with high risk and from LAA stroke. This suggests that increased RANTES, IL‐4, and IFN‐γ in stroke may not be primarily related to atherosclerosis, whereas increased eotaxin and MCP‐1 in cryptogenic stroke may be markers of occult atherosclerosis as the underlying cause.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Holmegaard
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
- Department of Neurology Sahlgrenska University Hospital Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Tara M. Stanne
- Department of Laboratory Medicine Institute of Biomedicine Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
- Department of Clinical Genetics and Genomics Sahlgrenska University Hospital Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Ulf Andreasson
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory Sahlgrenska University Hospital Mölndal Sweden
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory Sahlgrenska University Hospital Mölndal Sweden
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square London UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL London UK
| | - Kaj Blennow
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory Sahlgrenska University Hospital Mölndal Sweden
| | - Christian Blomstrand
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Katarina Jood
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
- Department of Neurology Sahlgrenska University Hospital Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Christina Jern
- Department of Laboratory Medicine Institute of Biomedicine Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
- Department of Clinical Genetics and Genomics Sahlgrenska University Hospital Gothenburg Sweden
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Yeung WYW, Park HS. Update on the Management of Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug Hypersensitivity. Yonsei Med J 2020; 61:4-14. [PMID: 31887794 PMCID: PMC6938782 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2020.61.1.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The clinical phenotypes of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) hypersensitivity are heterogeneous with various presentations including time of symptom onset, organ involvements, and underlying pathophysiology. Having a correct diagnosis can be challenging. Understanding their respective mechanisms as well as developing a comprehensive classification and diagnostic algorithm are pivotal for appropriate management strategy. Treatment modalities are based on the subtypes and severity of hypersensitivity reactions. Insights into the phenotypes and endotypes of hypersensitivity reactions enable personalized management in patients with suboptimal control of disease. This review updated the recent evidence of pathophysiology, classification, diagnostic algorithm, and management of NSAID hypersensitivity reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Yin Winnie Yeung
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hae Sim Park
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Ajou University Medical Center, Suwon, Korea.
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San Nicoló M, Högerle C, Gellrich D, Eder K, Pfrogner E, Gröger M. The time course of nasal cytokine secretion in patients with aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) undergoing aspirin desensitization: preliminary data. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2019; 277:445-452. [PMID: 31655881 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-019-05704-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) is a severe form of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) accompanied by asthma and an aspirin intolerance. The underlying pathomechanism of AERD still remains unclear, recent data suggest a complex inflammatory imbalance. In the present study, we investigated the cytokine patterns in AERD, CRSwNP and healthy control patients. Furthermore, we describe the change in cytokine level in the course of aspirin desensitization (AD) with continuous intake of aspirin. METHODS The study included a total of 104 participants, 48 healthy controls, 45 patients with nasal polyps and 11 patients with AERD undergoing AD. Nasal secretions were analyzed for IL-1β, IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, IL-12, IL-13, IL-17, THF-α, IFN-γ, eotaxin and ECP using Bio-Plex Human Cytokine Assay and Uni-CAP FEIA. Baseline measurements of cytokine levels were performed in all 104 patients; in patients with AERD, follow-up was performed 1-6 and 6-24 months after the initiation of AD. RESULTS Our preliminary results show a TH2 dominated, eosinophilic milieu in AERD patients, which decreased in the first weeks of AD. However, after 6 months of AD, proinflammatory cytokines show a tendency to increase again. Also, TH1 as well as Treg associated cytokine seem to increase over time. CONCLUSIONS For the first time, the present work shows the cytokine pattern in nasal secretions of AERD patients before and during AD. Further investigation of the complex interaction of inflammatory cytokines during AD might reveal important insights into the disease entity of AERD and open up new horizons for a targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion San Nicoló
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
| | - Catalina Högerle
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Donata Gellrich
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Katharina Eder
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Pfrogner
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Moritz Gröger
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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Marashi SM, Hosseini SF, Hosseinzadeh M, Qadir MF, Khodaei F. Ameliorative role of aspirin in paraquat-induced lung toxicity via mitochondrial mechanisms. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2019; 33:e22370. [PMID: 31348582 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Paraquat (PQ) has accounted for numerous suicide attempts in developing countries. Aspirin (ASA) as an adjuvant treatment in PQ poisoning has an ameliorative role. And, it's uncoupling of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation role has been well established. The current study aimed at examining the aspirin mechanism on lung mitochondria of rats exposed to PQ. Male rats were randomly allocated in five groups: Control group, PQ group (50 mg/kg; orally, only on the first day), and PQ + ASA (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg; i.p.) groups for 3 weeks. Mitochondrial indices and respiratory chain-complex activities were determined. PQ induced lung interstitial fibrosis; however, ASA (400 mg/kg) led to decrease in this abnormal alteration. In comparison with PQ group, complex II and IV activity, and adenosine triphosphate content in ASA groups had significantly increased; however, reactive oxygen species production, mitochondrial membrane permeabilization, and mitochondrial swelling were significantly reduced. In conclusion, aspirin can alleviate lung injury induced by PQ poisoning by improving mitochondrial dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayed Mahdi Marashi
- Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran.,Tehran Blood Transfusion Center, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyede Fatemeh Hosseini
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Massood Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Muhammad Farhan Qadir
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Forouzan Khodaei
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
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Jonstam K, Swanson BN, Mannent LP, Cardell L, Tian N, Wang Y, Zhang D, Fan C, Holtappels G, Hamilton JD, Grabher A, Graham NMH, Pirozzi G, Bachert C. Dupilumab reduces local type 2 pro-inflammatory biomarkers in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis. Allergy 2019; 74:743-752. [PMID: 30488542 PMCID: PMC6590149 DOI: 10.1111/all.13685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Background Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP) is a type 2‐mediated inflammatory disease associated with significant clinical, social, and economic burdens and high unmet therapeutic need. Dupilumab, a fully human monoclonal antibody targeting the interleukin‐4 receptor α (IL‐4Rα) subunit, demonstrated efficacy and acceptable safety in CRSwNP and other type 2 diseases (eg, atopic dermatitis and asthma). We now report the local effects of dupilumab on type 2 inflammatory biomarkers in nasal secretions and nasal polyp tissues of patients with CRSwNP in a randomized, placebo‐controlled, phase 2 trial (NCT01920893). Methods Cytokines, chemokines, and total immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels were measured using immunoassay techniques in nasal secretions and nasal polyp tissue homogenates of CRSwNP patients receiving dupilumab 300 mg or placebo weekly for 16 weeks. Results With dupilumab, type 2 biomarker concentrations decreased in nasal secretions (least squares mean area under the curve from 0 to 16 weeks for the change from baseline) vs placebo for eotaxin‐3 (−30.06 vs −0.86 pg/mL; P = 0.0008) and total IgE (−7.90 vs −1.86 IU/mL; P = 0.022). Dupilumab treatment also decreased type 2 biomarker levels in nasal polyp tissues at Week 16 vs baseline for eosinophilic cationic protein (P = 0.008), eotaxin‐2 (P = 0.008), eotaxin‐3 (P = 0.031), pulmonary and activation‐regulated chemokine (P = 0.016), IgE (P = 0.023), and IL‐13 (P = 0.031). Conclusions Dupilumab treatment reduced multiple biomarkers of type 2 inflammation in nasal secretions and polyp tissues of patients with CRSwNP, demonstrating that antagonism of IL‐4Rα signaling suppresses IL‐4‐/IL‐13‐dependent processes, such as mucosal IgE formation, as well as the expression of chemokines attracting inflammatory cells to the nasal mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Jonstam
- Division of ENT Diseases Department of Clinical Sciences, Intervention and Technology Karolinska Institute Stockholm Sweden
- Department of Ear, Nose and Throat Diseases Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm Sweden
| | | | | | - Lars‐Olaf Cardell
- Division of ENT Diseases Department of Clinical Sciences, Intervention and Technology Karolinska Institute Stockholm Sweden
- Department of Ear, Nose and Throat Diseases Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm Sweden
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Claus Bachert
- Division of ENT Diseases Department of Clinical Sciences, Intervention and Technology Karolinska Institute Stockholm Sweden
- Department of Ear, Nose and Throat Diseases Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm Sweden
- Upper Airways Research Laboratory Ghent University Hospital Ghent Belgium
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7
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Koyama T, Kariya S, Sato Y, Gion Y, Higaki T, Haruna T, Fujiwara T, Minoura A, Takao S, Orita Y, Kanai K, Taniguchi M, Nishizaki K, Okano M. Significance of IgG4-positive cells in severe eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis. Allergol Int 2019; 68:216-224. [PMID: 30316748 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2018.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND IgG4 production is regulated by type 2 (IL-4 and IL-13) and regulatory (IL-10) cytokines involved in the pathophysiology of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). We sought to determine the pathophysiological characteristics of IgG4-positive cells in sinonasal tissues in CRS, especially eosinophilic CRS (ECRS). METHODS IgG4-positive cells in uncinate tissues (UT) and nasal polyps (NP) were examined by immunohistochemistry. Associations between the number of IgG4-positive cells and clinicopathological factors were analyzed. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis was performed to determine the cut-off value of IgG4-positive cells in tissue that can predict the post-operative course. RESULTS IgG4 was mainly expressed in infiltrating plasma and plasmacytoid cells, and the number of IgG4-positive cells was significantly higher in NP, especially those from severe ECRS patients, than in UT. In CRS patients, the number of IgG4-positive cells significantly and positively correlated with blood and tissue eosinophilia, radiological severity, and serum level of total IgE. The number of infiltrating IgG4-positive cells was significantly higher in patients with a poor post-operative course (sustained sinus shadow 6 months after surgery) than in those with a good one. The number of IgG4-positive cells in NP could discriminate patients with a good or a poor post-operative course (area under the curve: 0.769). Also, 73.3% sensitivity and 82.5% specificity were achieved when the cut-off value was set at 17 cells/high-power field. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that the local expression of IgG4 on cells may be used as a biomarker that reflects the pathophysiology of CRS, including the post-operative course.
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8
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Erickson P, Gardner LD, Loffredo CA, St George DM, Bowman ED, Deepak J, Mitchell K, Meaney CL, Langenberg P, Bernat DH, Amr S, Ryan BM. Racial and Ethnic Differences in the Relationship between Aspirin Use and Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Risk and Survival. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2018; 27:1518-1526. [PMID: 30171037 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-18-0366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND African Americans (AA) experience higher incidence and mortality of lung cancer as compared with European Americans (EA). Inflammation is associated with lung cancer, many aspects of which differ between AA and EA. We investigated whether use, frequency, and duration of the anti-inflammatory drug aspirin were associated with lung cancer risk and survival, separately among AA and EA populations. METHODS Using data from the Maryland Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Case-Control Study (1,220 cases [404 AA and 816 EA] and 1,634 controls [1,004 EA and 630 AA]), we estimated the adjusted odds ratios (OR) and hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) of the associations between aspirin use and NSCLC risk and survival, respectively. RESULTS Any aspirin use (OR: 0.66; 95% CI, 0.49-0.89), daily use of ≥ 1 tablet (OR: 0.68; 95% CI, 0.50-0.90), and use for ≥ 3 years (OR: 0.61; 95% CI, 0.44-0.85) was associated with lower NSCLC risk only among men, even after adjustment for covariates including body mass index and global genetic ancestry. These variables were also associated with improved survival, but only among AA (HR: 0.64; 95% CI, 0.46-0.91; HR: 0.61; 95% CI, 0.42-0.90; and HR: 0.60; 95% CI, 0.39-0.92, respectively). Tylenol and other NSAIDs were either associated with elevated or no NSCLC risk. CONCLUSIONS Aspirin use is associated with lower risk of NSCLC among men and improved survival among AA. IMPACT Preventive regular aspirin use could be considered among men and AA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Erickson
- George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Lisa D Gardner
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Christopher A Loffredo
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Diane Marie St George
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Elise D Bowman
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Janaki Deepak
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Khadijah Mitchell
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Claire L Meaney
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Patricia Langenberg
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Debra H Bernat
- George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Sania Amr
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
- Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Bríd M Ryan
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland.
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Plaza-Serón MDC, García-Martín E, Agúndez JA, Ayuso P. Hypersensitivity reactions to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: an update on pharmacogenetics studies. Pharmacogenomics 2018; 19:1069-1086. [PMID: 30081739 DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2018-0079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are the medications most frequently involved in hypersensitivity reactions to drugs. These can be induced by specific immunological and nonimmunological mechanisms, being the latter the most frequent. The nonimmunological mechanism is related to an imbalance of inflammatory mediators, which is aggravated by the cyclooxygenase inhibition. Genetic studies suggest that multiples genes and additional mechanisms might be involved. The proposals of this review is summarize the contribution of variations in genes involved in the arachidonic acid, inflammatory and immune pathways as well as the recent genome-wide association studies findings related to cross-intolerant nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs hypersensitivity reactions. In addition, using integration of different genetic studies, we propose new target genes. This will help to understand the underlying mechanism of these reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Del Carmen Plaza-Serón
- Research Laboratory-Allergy Unit, Biomedical Institute of Malaga (IBIMA), Regional University Hospital of Malaga (Carlos Haya Hospital), Avda. Hospital Civil s/n, 29009 Malaga, Spain
| | - Elena García-Martín
- University Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, UEx. ARADyAL Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Jose Augusto Agúndez
- University Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, UEx. ARADyAL Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Pedro Ayuso
- Infection Pharmacology Group, Department of Molecular & Clinical Pharmacology University of Liverpool, L69 3GF, Liverpool, UK
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Anti-inflammatory effects and corresponding mechanisms of cirsimaritin extracted from Cirsium japonicum var. maackii Maxim. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:3076-3080. [PMID: 28554870 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.05.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Revised: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effects and mechanisms of cirsimaritin isolated from an ethanol extract of the aerial parts of Cirsium japonicum var. maackii Maxim. using RAW264.7 cells. The extract and its flavonoid cirsimaritin inhibited nitric oxide (NO) production and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression in RAW264.7 cells. Cirsimaritin inhibited interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and NO production in a concentration-dependent manner in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. From a western blot study, pretreatment with cirsimaritin inhibited phosphorylation/degradation of IκBα and phosphorylation of Akt in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Moreover, cirsimaritin suppressed activation of LPS-induced transcription factors, such as c-fos and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), in RAW264.7 cells. Collectively, these results show that cirsimaritin possesses anti-inflammatory activity, which is regulated by inhibition of c-fos and STAT3 phosphorylation in RAW264.7 cells.
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11
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Borgeat Kaeser A, Ribi C. [Not Available]. PRAXIS 2017; 106:1243-1249. [PMID: 29088964 DOI: 10.1024/1661-8157/a002830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Zusammenfassung. Das Widal-Syndrom umfasst eine klinische Trias mit chroniquer Rhinosinusitis und nasalen Polypen, Asthma bronchiale und eine Unverträglichkeit auf Acetylsalicylsäure (Aspirin) und anderen nichtsteroidalen Entzündungshemmern (NSAID). Etwa 7 % der Asthmatiker und 10 % der Patienten mit chronischer Rhinosinusitis leiden darunter. Asthma und NSAID-Unverträglichkeit treten häufig mehrere Jahre nach Beginn der Rhinosinusitis auf, was zur Verzögerung der Diagnose führt. Zurzeit gibt es keine spezifischen Biomarker. Der Provokationstest mit Aspirin bleibt der Gold-Standard für die Diagnose, sollte aber wegen des Risikos eines schweren Asthmaanfalls nur durch den Spezialisten durchgeführt werden. Die Grundbehandlung beruht auf der Kombination topischer Kortikosteroide und Montelukast, sowie der Vermeidung von Hemmern der Zyklooxygenase-1. Therapierefraktäre Fälle können auf eine Desensibilisierung mit Aspirin oder neuerdings auf Biologika wie Mepolizumab ansprechen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amélie Borgeat Kaeser
- 1 Service d'Immunologie et d'Allergie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne
| | - Camillo Ribi
- 1 Service d'Immunologie et d'Allergie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne
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12
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Lee JU, Chang HS, Lee HJ, Bae DJ, Son JH, Park JS, Choi JS, Hwang HG, Park CS. Association of interleukin-25 levels with development of aspirin induced respiratory diseases. Respir Med 2016; 123:71-78. [PMID: 28137499 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2016.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2016] [Revised: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aspirin-exacerbated respiratory diseases (AERD) are caused by ingestion of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and are characterized by acute bronchospasms and marked infiltration of eosinophils, the latter being attributable to altered synthesis of cysteinyl leukotrienes (LT) and prostaglandins (PG). Recently, the innate Th2 response is revealed to induce eosinophil infiltration in allergic inflammation, however the role of the innate Th2 response has not been studies in AERD. Thus, we evaluated the relationship between the innate Th2 cytokines including IL-25, thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) and IL-33 and the development of AERD. METHODS AND MATERIALS Plasma IL-25, IL-33, and TSLP levels were measured before and after aspirin challenge in subjects with AERD (n = 25) and aspirin-tolerant asthma (ATA, n = 25) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Pre and post-aspirin challenge levels of LTC4 and PGD2 were measured using ELISA. RESULTS Basal plasma IL-25 levels were significantly higher in AERD group than in normal controls and in ATA group (p = 0.025 and 0.031, respectively). IL-33 and TSLP levels were comparable in the AERD and ATA groups. After the aspirin challenge, the IL-25 levels were markedly decreased in the ATA group (p = 0.024), while not changed in the AERD group. The post-challenge IL-25 levels of all asthmatic subjects were significantly correlated with aspirin challenge - induced declines in FEV1 (r = 0.357, p = 0.011), but not with basal and post challenge LTC4 and PGD2 levels. CONCLUSIONS IL-25 is associated with bronchospasm after aspirin challenge, possibly via mechanisms other than altered LTC4 and PGD2 production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Uk Lee
- Department of Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Science Major, Soonchunhyang Graduate School, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hun Soo Chang
- Department of Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Science Major, Soonchunhyang Graduate School, Bucheon, Republic of Korea; Genome Research Center, Division of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Bucheon Hospital, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Ju Lee
- Department of Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Science Major, Soonchunhyang Graduate School, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Da-Jeong Bae
- Department of Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Science Major, Soonchunhyang Graduate School, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hye Son
- Department of Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Science Major, Soonchunhyang Graduate School, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Sook Park
- Genome Research Center, Division of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Bucheon Hospital, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Sung Choi
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan Hospital, Republic of Korea
| | - Hun Gyu Hwang
- Division of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Gumi Hospital, Republic of Korea
| | - Choon-Sik Park
- Department of Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Science Major, Soonchunhyang Graduate School, Bucheon, Republic of Korea; Genome Research Center, Division of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Bucheon Hospital, Republic of Korea.
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