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King K, Rosenthal A. The adverse effects of diabetes on osteoarthritis: update on clinical evidence and molecular mechanisms. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2015; 23:841-50. [PMID: 25837996 PMCID: PMC5530368 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2015.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Revised: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Projected increases in the prevalence of both diabetes mellitus (DM) and osteoarthritis (OA) ensure their common co-existence. In an era of increasing attention to personalized medicine, understanding the influence of common comorbidities such as DM should result in improved care of patients with OA. In this narrative review, we summarize the literature addressing the interactions between DM and OA spanning the years from 1962 to 2014. We separated studies depending on whether they investigated clinical populations, animal models, or cells and tissues. The clinical literature addressing the influence of DM on OA and its therapeutic outcomes suggests that DM may augment the development and severity of OA and that DM increases risks associated with joint replacement surgery. The few high quality studies using animal models also support an adverse effect of DM on OA. We review strengths and weaknesses of the common rodent models of DM. The heterogeneous literature derived from studies of articular cells and tissues also supports the existence of biochemical and biomechanical changes in articular tissues in DM, and begins to characterize molecular mechanisms activated in diabetic-like environs which may contribute to OA. Increasing evidence from the clinic and the laboratory supports an adverse effect of DM on the development, severity, and therapeutic outcomes for OA. To understand the mechanisms through which DM contributes to OA, further studies are clearly necessary. Future studies of DM-influenced mechanisms may shed light on general mechanisms of OA pathogenesis and result in more specific and effective therapies for all OA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- K.B. King
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA,Surgical Service, Orthopaedic Service, Eastern Colorado Health Care System, Veterans Affairs, Denver, CO, USA
| | - A.K. Rosenthal
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA,Medicine Service, Rheumatology Service, The Clement J. Zablocki Medical Center, Veterans Affairs, Milwaukee, WI, USA,Address correspondence and reprint requests to: A.K. Rosenthal, Zablocki VA Medical Center, 5000 W. National Avenue, Milwaukee, WI 53295-1000, USA. Tel: 1-(414)-955-7027; Fax: 1-(414)-955-6205
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Sarmiento J, Wallis RH, Ning T, Marandi L, Chao G, Veillette A, Lernmark Å, Paterson AD, Poussier P. A functional polymorphism of Ptpn22 is associated with type 1 diabetes in the BioBreeding rat. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 194:615-29. [PMID: 25505293 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1302689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The R620W variant of PTPN22 is one of the major genetic risk factors for several autoimmune disorders including type 1 diabetes (T1D) in humans. In the BioBreeding T1D-prone (BBDP) rat, a single nucleotide polymorphism in Ptpn22 results in an A629T substitution immediately C-terminal to the aliphatic residues central to the Ptpn22-C-terminal Src kinase interaction. This variant exhibits a 50% decrease in C-terminal Src kinase binding affinity and contributes to T cell hyperresponsiveness. Examination of BBDP sublines congenic for the Iddm26.2 locus that includes Ptpn22 has not only shown an expansion of activated CD4(+)25(+) T lymphocytes in animals homozygous for the BBDP allele, consistent with enhanced TCR-mediated signaling, but also a decrease in their proportion of peripheral Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells. Furthermore, clinical assessment of both an F2(BBDP × ACI.1u.Lyp) cohort and Iddm26.2 congenic BBDP sublines has revealed an association of Ptpn22 with T1D. Specifically, in both cases, T1D risk is significantly greater in BBDP Ptpn22 homozygous and heterozygous animals. These findings are consistent with a role for rat Ptpn22 allelic variation within Iddm26.2 in the regulation of T cell responses, and subsequently the risk for development of T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janice Sarmiento
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada; Biological Sciences Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Robert H Wallis
- Biological Sciences Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Terri Ning
- Biological Sciences Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Leili Marandi
- Biological Sciences Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Gary Chao
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada; Biological Sciences Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - André Veillette
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Åke Lernmark
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, 20502 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Andrew D Paterson
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5T 3M7, Canada; and Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Philippe Poussier
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada; Biological Sciences Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario M4N 3M5, Canada;
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