1
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Lawal I, Rohilla P, Marston J. Visualization of drug delivery via tattooing: effect of needle reciprocating frequency and fluid properties. J Vis (Tokyo) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12650-021-00816-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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2
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Demchuk AM, Patel TR. The biomedical and bioengineering potential of protein nanocompartments. Biotechnol Adv 2020; 41:107547. [PMID: 32294494 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2020.107547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Protein nanocompartments (PNCs) are self-assembling biological nanocages that can be harnessed as platforms for a wide range of nanobiotechnology applications. The most widely studied examples of PNCs include virus-like particles, bacterial microcompartments, encapsulin nanocompartments, enzyme-derived nanocages (such as lumazine synthase and the E2 component of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex), ferritins and ferritin homologues, small heat shock proteins, and vault ribonucleoproteins. Structural PNC shell proteins are stable, biocompatible, and tolerant of both interior and exterior chemical or genetic functionalization for use as vaccines, therapeutic delivery vehicles, medical imaging aids, bioreactors, biological control agents, emulsion stabilizers, or scaffolds for biomimetic materials synthesis. This review provides an overview of the recent biomedical and bioengineering advances achieved with PNCs with a particular focus on recombinant PNC derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aubrey M Demchuk
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive West, Lethbridge, AB, Canada.
| | - Trushar R Patel
- Alberta RNA Research and Training Institute, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive West, Lethbridge, AB, Canada; Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Cumming, School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr. N.W., Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada; Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology and Discovery Lab, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, 6-010 Katz Center for Health Research, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
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3
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Chabeda A, Yanez RJR, Lamprecht R, Meyers AE, Rybicki EP, Hitzeroth II. Therapeutic vaccines for high-risk HPV-associated diseases. PAPILLOMAVIRUS RESEARCH (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2018; 5:46-58. [PMID: 29277575 PMCID: PMC5887015 DOI: 10.1016/j.pvr.2017.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide, and it is estimated that Human papillomavirus (HPV) related cancers account for 5% of all human cancers. Current HPV vaccines are extremely effective at preventing infection and neoplastic disease; however, they are prophylactic and do not clear established infections. Therapeutic vaccines which trigger cell-mediated immune responses for the treatment of established infections and malignancies are therefore required. The E6 and E7 early genes are ideal targets for vaccine therapy due to their role in disruption of the cell cycle and their constitutive expression in premalignant and malignant tissues. Several strategies have been investigated for the development of therapeutic vaccines, including live-vector, nucleic acid, peptide, protein-based and cell-based vaccines as well as combinatorial approaches, with several vaccine candidates progressing to clinical trials. With the current understanding of the HPV life cycle, molecular mechanisms of infection, carcinogenesis, tumour biology, the tumour microenvironment and immune response mechanisms, an approved HPV therapeutic vaccine seems to be a goal not far from being achieved. In this article, the status of therapeutic HPV vaccines in clinical trials are reviewed, and the potential for plant-based vaccine production platforms described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleyo Chabeda
- Biopharming Research Unit, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
| | - Romana J R Yanez
- Biopharming Research Unit, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
| | - Renate Lamprecht
- Biopharming Research Unit, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
| | - Ann E Meyers
- Biopharming Research Unit, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
| | - Edward P Rybicki
- Biopharming Research Unit, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa; Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
| | - Inga I Hitzeroth
- Biopharming Research Unit, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa.
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4
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Soong RS, Anchoori RK, Yang B, Yang A, Tseng SH, He L, Tsai YC, Roden RBS, Hung CF. RPN13/ADRM1 inhibitor reverses immunosuppression by myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Oncotarget 2018; 7:68489-68502. [PMID: 27655678 PMCID: PMC5340091 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-derived-suppressor cells (MDSCs) are key mediators of immune suppression in the ovarian tumor microenvironment. Modulation of MDSC function to relieve immunosuppression may enhance the immunologic clearance of tumors. The bis-benzylidine piperidone RA190 binds to the ubiquitin receptor RPN13/ADRM1 on the 19S regulatory particle of the proteasome and directly kills ovarian cancer cells by triggering proteotoxic stress. Here we examine the effect of RA190 treatment on the immunosuppression induced by MDSCs in the tumor microenvironment, specifically on the immunosuppression induced by MDSCs. We show that RA190 reduces the expression of Stat3 and the levels of key immunosuppressive enzymes and cytokines arginase, iNOS, and IL-10 in MDSCs, while boosting expression of the immunostimulatory cytokine IL-12. Furthermore, we show that the RA190-treated MDSCs lost their capacity to suppress CD8+ T cell function. Finally, we show that RA190 treatment of mice bearing syngeneic ovarian tumor elicits potent CD8+ T cell antitumor immune responses and improves tumor control and survival. These data suggest the potential of RA190 for ovarian cancer treatment by both direct killing of tumor cells via proteasome inhibition and relief of MDSC-mediated suppression of CD8 T cell-dependent antitumor immunity elicited by the apoptotic tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruey-Shyang Soong
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, Keelung City, Taiwan.,Department of Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ravi K Anchoori
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Benjamin Yang
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Andrew Yang
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Ssu-Hsueh Tseng
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Liangmei He
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Ya-Chea Tsai
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Richard B S Roden
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Chien-Fu Hung
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, United States
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5
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Shin JM, Oh SJ, Kwon S, Deepagan VG, Lee M, Song SH, Lee HJ, Kim S, Song KH, Kim TW, Park JH. A PEGylated hyaluronic acid conjugate for targeted cancer immunotherapy. J Control Release 2017; 267:181-190. [PMID: 28844759 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The cell-free approach to foreignizing tumor cells with non-self antigens has received increasing attention as a method to induce cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immunological rejection of tumors, because the clinical translation of the conventional CTL-based cancer immunotherapies has been limited by a complicated manufacturing process and autotransplantation. In this study, we prepared matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9)-responsive polymeric conjugates consisting of PEGylated hyaluronic acid (HA) as the targeting moiety and ovalbumin (OVA) as the model foreign antigen. The MMP9-cleavable linker was introduced between PEG and the HA backbone to facilitate the detachment of the PEG corona from the conjugate at the tumor site. From the in vitro cellular uptake study, it was revealed that the conjugate was effectively taken up by the CD44-expressing TC-1 cancer cells in the presence of MMP9 via receptor-mediated endocytosis. When the conjugate was systemically administered into the tumor-bearing mice with endogenous OVA-specific CTLs, the tumor growth was markedly inhibited, which was attributed to the significant antigen presentation on the tumor cells. Overall, the MMP9-responsive conjugates bearing foreign antigens might have the potential as an alternative to CTL-based cancer immunotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Min Shin
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Jin Oh
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Science, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunglee Kwon
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - V G Deepagan
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Minchang Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Ho Song
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Jung Lee
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Science, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Suyeon Kim
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Science, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwon-Ho Song
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Science, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Woo Kim
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Science, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; Translational Research Institute for Incurable Diseases, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae Hyung Park
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
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6
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Hojeij R, Domingos-Pereira S, Nkosi M, Gharbi D, Derré L, Schiller JT, Jichlinski P, Nardelli-Haefliger D. Immunogenic Human Papillomavirus Pseudovirus-Mediated Suicide-Gene Therapy for Bladder Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17071125. [PMID: 27428950 PMCID: PMC4964499 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17071125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Revised: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer is the second most common urological malignancy in the world. In 70% of cases it is initially diagnosed as non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) and it is amenable to local treatments, with intravesical (IVES) Bacillus-Calmette-Guerin (BCG) immunotherapy being routinely used after transurethral resection of the lesion. However, this treatment is associated with significant side-effects and treatment failures, highlighting the necessity of novel strategies. One potent approach is the suicide-gene mediated therapy/prodrug combination, provided tumor-specificity can be ensured and anti-tumor immune responses induced. Using the mouse syngeneic orthotopic MB49-bladder tumor model, here we show that IVES human papillomavirus non-replicative pseudovirions (PsV) can pseudoinfect tumors with a ten-fold higher efficacy than normal bladders. In addition, PsV carrying the suicide-gene herpes-simplex virus thymidine kinase (PsV-TK) combined to Ganciclovir (GCV) led to immunogenic cell-death of tumor cells in vitro and to MB49-specific CD8 T-cells in vivo. This was associated with reduction in bladder-tumor growth and increased mice survival. Altogether, our data show that IVES PsV-TK/GCV may be a promising alternative or combinatory treatment for NMIBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rim Hojeij
- Department of Urology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland.
| | - Sonia Domingos-Pereira
- Department of Urology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland.
| | - Marianne Nkosi
- Department of Urology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland.
| | - Dalila Gharbi
- Department of Urology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland.
| | - Laurent Derré
- Department of Urology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland.
| | - John T Schiller
- Laboratory of Cellular Oncology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Patrice Jichlinski
- Department of Urology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland.
| | - Denise Nardelli-Haefliger
- Department of Urology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland.
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7
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Lamprecht RL, Kennedy P, Huddy SM, Bethke S, Hendrikse M, Hitzeroth II, Rybicki EP. Production of Human papillomavirus pseudovirions in plants and their use in pseudovirion-based neutralisation assays in mammalian cells. Sci Rep 2016; 6:20431. [PMID: 26853456 PMCID: PMC4745065 DOI: 10.1038/srep20431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Human papillomaviruses (HPV) cause cervical cancer and have recently also been implicated in mouth, laryngeal and anogenital cancers. There are three commercially available prophylactic vaccines that show good efficacy; however, efforts to develop second-generation vaccines that are more affordable, stable and elicit a wider spectrum of cross-neutralising immunity are still ongoing. Testing antisera elicited by current and candidate HPV vaccines for neutralizing antibodies is done using a HPV pseudovirion (PsV)-based neutralisation assay (PBNA). PsVs are produced by transfection of mammalian cell cultures with plasmids expressing L1 and L2 capsid proteins, and a reporter gene plasmid, a highly expensive process. We investigated making HPV-16 PsVs in plants, in order to develop a cheaper alternative. The secreted embryonic alkaline phosphatase (SEAP) reporter gene and promoter were cloned into a geminivirus-derived plant expression vector, in order to produce circular dsDNA replicons. This was co-introduced into Nicotiana benthamiana plants with vectors expressing L1 and L2 via agroinfiltration, and presumptive PsVs were purified. The PsVs contained DNA, and could be successfully used for PBNA with anti-HPV antibodies. This is the first demonstration of the production of mammalian pseudovirions in plants, and the first demonstration of the potential of plants to make DNA vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renate L Lamprecht
- Biopharming Research Unit, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa
| | - Paul Kennedy
- Biopharming Research Unit, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa
| | - Suzanne M Huddy
- Biopharming Research Unit, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa
| | - Susanne Bethke
- Pharmaceutical Product Development, Fraunhofer IME, Aachen, 52074, Germany
| | - Megan Hendrikse
- Biopharming Research Unit, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa
| | - Inga I Hitzeroth
- Biopharming Research Unit, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa
| | - Edward P Rybicki
- Biopharming Research Unit, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa
- Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa
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8
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A polymeric conjugate foreignizing tumor cells for targeted immunotherapy in vivo. J Control Release 2014; 199:98-105. [PMID: 25499555 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2014.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2014] [Revised: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 12/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Antigen-specific CD8(+) cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) are key elements of immunological rejection in transplantation as well as cancer immunotherapy. Most tumors, however, are not immunologically rejected because they have self antigens, which are not recognized as the foreigner by CTLs. In this study, we hypothesized that "foreignizing" tumor cells by delivering non-self foreign antigens into the tumors would result in rejection by foreign antigen-reactive CTLs. As the model system to foreignize the tumors, we prepared a polymeric conjugate consisting of hyaluronic acid as the CD44(+) tumor-targeting ligand and ovalbumin (OVA) as a foreign antigen. When the conjugate was treated with CD44(high) TC-1 tumor cells, it was effectively taken up and allowed for displaying of antigenic OVA257-264 peptide at MHC class I on the surface of the cells. In addition, the conjugate was effectively accumulated into tumor tissue after its systemic administration to mice which are immunized with a vaccine for a vaccinia virus expressing OVA to generate OVA257-264 specific CTLs, resulting in substantial inhibition of tumor growth. Overall, these results suggest that the polymeric conjugates bearing foreign antigens may be innovative and promising cancer immunotherapeutic agents by foreignizing tumor cells, leading to immunological rejection.
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9
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Soong RS, Song L, Trieu J, Knoff J, He L, Tsai YC, Huh W, Chang YN, Cheng WF, Roden RBS, Wu TC, Trimble CL, Hung CF. Toll-like receptor agonist imiquimod facilitates antigen-specific CD8+ T-cell accumulation in the genital tract leading to tumor control through IFNγ. Clin Cancer Res 2014; 20:5456-67. [PMID: 24893628 PMCID: PMC4216740 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-14-0344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Imiquimod is a Toll-like receptor 7 agonist used topically to treat external genital warts and basal cell carcinoma. We examined the combination of topical imiquimod with intramuscular administration of CRT/E7, a therapeutic human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine comprised of a naked DNA vector expressing calreticulin fused to HPV16 E7. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Using an orthotopic HPV16 E6/E7(+) syngeneic tumor, TC-1, as a model of high-grade cervical/vaginal/vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia, we assessed if combining CRT/E7 vaccination with cervicovaginal deposition of imiquimod could result in synergistic activities promoting immune-mediated tumor clearance. RESULTS Imiquimod induced cervicovaginal accumulation of activated E7-specific CD8(+) T cells elicited by CRT/E7 vaccination. Recruitment was not dependent upon the specificity of the activated CD8(+) T cells, but was significantly reduced in mice lacking the IFNγ receptor. Intravaginal imiquimod deposition induced upregulation of CXCL9 and CXCL10 mRNA expression in the genital tract, which are produced in response to IFNγ receptor signaling and attract cells expressing their ligand, CXCR3. The T cells attracted by imiquimod to the cervicovaginal tract expressed CXCR3 as well as CD49a, an integrin involved in homing and retention of CD8(+) T cells at mucosal sites. Our results indicate that intramuscular CRT/E7 vaccination in conjunction with intravaginal imiquimod deposition recruits antigen-specific CXCR3(+) CD8(+) T cells to the genital tract. CONCLUSIONS Several therapeutic HPV vaccination clinical trials using a spectrum of DNA vaccines, including vaccination in concert with cervical imiquimod, are ongoing. Our study identifies a mechanism by which these strategies could provide therapeutic benefit. Our findings support accumulating evidence that manipulation of the tumor microenvironment can enhance the therapeutic efficacy of strategies that induce tumor-specific T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruey-Shyang Soong
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland. Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, Keelung City, Taiwan. College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Liwen Song
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland. School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Shanghai, China. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Jayne Knoff
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Liangmei He
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Ya-Chea Tsai
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Warner Huh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | | | - Wen-Fang Cheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Richard B S Roden
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland. Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - T-C Wu
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland. Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland. Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland.
| | - Cornelia L Trimble
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland. Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Chien-Fu Hung
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland. Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland.
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10
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Song L, Yang MC, Knoff J, Sun ZY, Wu TC, Hung CF. Cancer immunotherapy using a potent immunodominant CTL epitope. Vaccine 2014; 32:6039-48. [PMID: 25245934 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Revised: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Immunotherapy has emerged as a promising approach that can be used in conjunction with conventional chemotherapy and radiotherapy to further improve the survival rate of patients with advanced cancer. We have recently shown in previous studies that chemotherapy and radiation therapy can alter the tumor microenvironment and allow intratumoral vaccination to prime the adaptive immune system leading to the generation of antigen-specific cell-mediated immune responses. Here, we investigated whether intratumoral injection of a foreign immunodominant peptide (GP33) and the adjuvant CpG into tumors following cisplatin chemotherapy could lead to potent antitumor effects and antigen-specific cell-mediated immune responses. We observed that treatment with all three agents produced the most potent antitumor effects compared to pairwise combinations. Moreover, treatment with cisplatin, CpG and GP33 was able to control tumors at a distant site, indicating that our approach is able to induce cross-presentation of the tumor antigen. Treatment with cisplatin, CpG and GP33 also enhanced the generation of GP33-specific and E7-specific CD8+ T cells and decreased the number of MDSCs in tumor loci, a process found to be mediated by the Fas-FasL apoptosis pathway. The treatment regimen presented here represents a universal approach to cancer control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwen Song
- Pharmacy School of Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, China; Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Shanghai, China; Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Ming-Chieh Yang
- General Surgery and Surgical Intensive Care, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jayne Knoff
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Zu-Yue Sun
- Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Shanghai, China
| | - T-C Wu
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, United States; Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, United States; Departments of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, United States; Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Chien-Fu Hung
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, United States; Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, United States.
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11
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Human Papillomavirus Type 16 Pseudovirions with Few Point Mutations in L1 Major Capsid Protein FG Loop Could Escape Actual or Future Vaccination for Potential Use in Gene Therapy. Mol Biotechnol 2014; 56:479-86. [DOI: 10.1007/s12033-014-9745-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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12
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Control of HPV-associated tumors by innovative therapeutic HPV DNA vaccine in the absence of CD4+ T cells. Cell Biosci 2014; 4:11. [PMID: 24594273 PMCID: PMC4015858 DOI: 10.1186/2045-3701-4-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2013] [Accepted: 12/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infections are particularly problematic for HIV + and solid organ transplant patients with compromised CD4+ T cell-dependent immunity as they produce more severe and progressive disease compared to healthy individuals. There are no specific treatments for chronic HPV infection, resulting in an urgent unmet need for a modality that is safe and effective for both immunocompromised and otherwise normal patients with recalcitrant disease. DNA vaccination is attractive because it avoids the risks of administration of live vectors to immunocompromised patients, and can induce potent HPV-specific cytotoxic T cell responses. We have developed a DNA vaccine (pNGVL4a-hCRTE6E7L2) encoding calreticulin (CRT) fused to E6, E7 and L2 proteins of HPV-16, the genotype associated with approximately 90% vaginal, vulvar, anal, penile and oropharyngeal HPV-associated cancers and the majority of cervical cancers. Administration of the DNA vaccine by intramuscular (IM) injection followed by electroporation induced significantly greater HPV-specific immune responses compared to IM injection alone or mixed with alum. Furthermore, pNGVL4a-hCRTE6E7L2 DNA vaccination via electroporation of mice carrying an intravaginal HPV-16 E6/E7-expressing syngeneic tumor demonstrated more potent therapeutic effects than IM vaccination alone. Of note, administration of the DNA vaccine by IM injection followed by electroporation elicited potent E6 and E7-specific CD8+ T cell responses and antitumor effects despite CD4+ T cell-depletion, although no antibody response was detected. While CD4+ T cell-depletion did reduce the E6 and E7-specific CD8+ T cell response, it remained sufficient to prevent subcutaneous tumor growth and to eliminate circulating tumor cells in a model of metastatic HPV-16+ cancer. Thus, the antibody response was CD4-dependent, whereas CD4+ T cell help enhanced the E6/E7-specific CD8+ T cell immunity, but was not required. Taken together, our data suggest that pNGVL4a-hCRTE6E7L2 DNA vaccination via electroporation warrants testing in otherwise healthy patients and those with compromised CD4+ T cell immunity to treat HPV-16-associated anogenital disease and cancer.
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Chen S, Liao C, Lai Y, Fan Y, Lu G, Wang H, Zhang X, Lin MCM, Leng S, Kung HF. De-oncogenic HPV E6/E7 vaccine gets enhanced antigenicity and promotes tumoricidal synergy with cisplatin. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2014; 46:6-14. [PMID: 24240707 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmt121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to develop more effective therapeutic vaccines against cancers with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, it is crucial to enhance the immunogenicity, eliminate the oncogenicity of oncoproteins, and take a combination of E7- and E6-containing vaccines. It has been shown recently that PE(ΔIII)-E7-KDEL3 (E7), a fusion protein containing the HPV16 oncoprotein E7 and the translocation domain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A, is effective against TC-1 tumor cells inoculated in mice, therefore, we engineered PE(ΔIII)-E6-CRL-KDEL3 (E6), the de-oncogenic versions of the E7 and E6 fusion proteins [i.e. PE(ΔIII)-E7(d)-KDEL3, E7(d), and PE(ΔIII)-E6(d)-CRL-KDEL3, E6(d)] and tested the immunoefficacies of these fusion proteins as mono- and bivalent vaccines. Results indicated that the E7(d) get higher immunogenicity than its wild type and the E6 fusion proteins augmented the immunogenicity and antitumor effects of their E7 counterparts. Furthermore, the bivalent vaccine system E7(d) plus E6(d), in the presence of cisplatin, showed the best tumoristatic and tumoricidal effects against established tumors in vivo. Therefore, it can be concluded that this novel therapeutic vaccine system, upon further optimization, may shed new light on clinical management of HPV-related carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaochun Chen
- Department of Anatomy and Histoembryology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
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Wang JW, Roden RBS. Virus-like particles for the prevention of human papillomavirus-associated malignancies. Expert Rev Vaccines 2013; 12:129-41. [PMID: 23414405 DOI: 10.1586/erv.12.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
As compared with peptide- or protein-based vaccines, naked DNA vectors and even traditional attenuated or inactivated virus vaccines, virus-like particles (VLPs) are an attractive vaccine platform, as they offer a combination of safety, ease of production and both high-density B-cell epitope display and intracellular presentation of T-cell epitopes that induce potent humoral and cellular immune responses, respectively. Indeed, HPV vaccines based on VLP production by recombinant expression of major capsid antigen L1 in yeast (Gardasil(®), Merck & Co., NJ, USA) or insect cells (Cervarix(®), GlaxoSmithKline, London, UK) have been licensed for the prevention of cervical and anogenital infection and disease associated with the genotypes targeted by each vaccine. However, these HPV vaccines have not been demonstrated as effective to treat existing infections, and efforts to develop a therapeutic HPV vaccine continue. Furthermore, current HPV L1-VLP vaccines provide type-restricted protection, requiring highly multivalent formulations to broaden coverage to the dozen or more oncogenic HPV genotypes. This raises the complexity and cost of vaccine production. The lack of access to screening and high disease burden in developing countries has spurred efforts to develop second-generation HPV vaccines that are more affordable, induce wider protective coverage and offer therapeutic coverage against HPV-associated malignancies. Given the previous success with L1-VLP-based vaccines against HPV, VLPs have been also adopted as platforms for many second-generation HPV and non-HPV vaccine candidates with both prophylactic and therapeutic intent. In this article, the authors examine the progress and challenges of these efforts, with a focus on how they inform VLP vaccine design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua W Wang
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287-0014, USA
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15
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Targeted coating with antigenic peptide renders tumor cells susceptible to CD8(+) T cell-mediated killing. Mol Ther 2012. [PMID: 23183537 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2012.233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The potency of immunotherapies targeting endogenous tumor antigens is hindered by immune tolerance. We created a therapeutic agent comprised of a tumor-homing module fused to a functional domain capable of selectively rendering tumor cells sensitive to foreign antigen-specific CD8(+) T cell-mediated immune attack, and thereby, circumventing concerns for immune tolerance. The tumor-homing module is comprised of a single-chain variable fragment (scFv) that specifically binds to mesothelin (Meso), which is commonly overexpressed in human cancers, including ovarian tumors. The functional domain is comprised of the Fc portion of IgG2a protein and foreign immunogenic CD8(+) T cell epitope flanked by furin cleavage sites (R), which can be recognized and cleaved by furin that is highly expressed in the tumor microenvironment. We show that our therapeutic protein specifically loaded antigenic epitope onto the surface of mesothelin-expressing tumor cells, rendering tumors susceptible to antigen-specific cytotoxic CD8(+) T lymphocytes (CTL)-mediated killing in vitro and in vivo. Our findings have important implications for bypassing immune tolerance to enhance cancer immunotherapy.
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Han SE, Kim MG, Lee S, Cho HJ, Byun Y, Kim S, Kim YB, Choi Y, Oh YK. Initial preclinical safety of non-replicating human endogenous retrovirus envelope protein-coated baculovirus vector-based vaccines against human papillomavirus. J Appl Toxicol 2012; 33:1474-83. [DOI: 10.1002/jat.2815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2012] [Revised: 07/20/2012] [Accepted: 07/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Su-Eun Han
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology; Korea University; Seoul 136-713 Korea
| | - Mi-Gyeong Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Seoul National University; Daehak-dong, Gwanank-gu Seoul 151-742 Korea
| | - Soondong Lee
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science; Seoul National University; Daehak-dong, Gwanank-gu Seoul 151-742 Korea
| | - Hee-Jeong Cho
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Seoul National University; Daehak-dong, Gwanank-gu Seoul 151-742 Korea
| | - Youngro Byun
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science; Seoul National University; Daehak-dong, Gwanank-gu Seoul 151-742 Korea
| | | | - Young Bong Kim
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, College of Animal Bioscience & Technology; Konkuk University; Seoul 143-701 Korea
| | - Yongseok Choi
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology; Korea University; Seoul 136-713 Korea
| | - Yu-Kyoung Oh
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Seoul National University; Daehak-dong, Gwanank-gu Seoul 151-742 Korea
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Abstract
"The ability of HPV pseudovirions to efficiently deliver DNA into cells suggests several potential applications in basic biology, including the characterization of virion biology and measurement of protective neutralizing antibody titers in vitro and in vivo, as well as their employment for more direct medical applications".
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Hung CF, Chiang AJ, Tsai HH, Pomper MG, Kang TH, Roden RR, Wu TC. Ovarian cancer gene therapy using HPV-16 pseudovirion carrying the HSV-tk gene. PLoS One 2012; 7:e40983. [PMID: 22815887 PMCID: PMC3398866 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0040983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2012] [Accepted: 06/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of death from all gynecological cancers and conventional therapies such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy usually fail to control advanced stages of the disease. Thus, there is an urgent need for alternative and innovative therapeutic options. We reason that cancer gene therapy using a vector capable of specifically delivering an enzyme-encoding gene to ovarian cancer cells will allow the cancer cell to metabolize a harmless prodrug into a potent cytotoxin, which will lead to therapeutic effects. In the current study, we explore the use of a human papillomavirus (HPV) pseudovirion to deliver a herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSV-tk) gene to ovarian tumor cells. We found that the HPV-16 pseudovirion was able to preferentially infect murine and human ovarian tumor cells when administered intraperitoneally. Furthermore, intraperitoneal injection of HPV-16 pseudovirions carrying the HSV-tk gene followed by treatment with ganciclovir led to significant therapeutic anti-tumor effects in murine ovarian cancer-bearing mice. Our data suggest that HPV pseudovirion may serve as a potential delivery vehicle for ovarian cancer gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Fu Hung
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America.
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Zhang TT, Kang TH, Ma B, Xu Y, Hung CF, Wu TC. LAH4 enhances CD8+ T cell immunity of protein/peptide-based vaccines. Vaccine 2011; 30:784-93. [PMID: 22120194 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.11.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2011] [Revised: 11/10/2011] [Accepted: 11/12/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
It is now clear that CD8+ T cells are crucial for therapeutic immunity against chronic viral infections and/or tumors. We reason that a strategy capable of improving CD8+ T cell activation would improve the efficacy of protein-based vaccines, which predominantly generate CD4+ T cell-mediated responses. Herein, we explore the ability of a novel cell-penetrating peptide (CPP), LAH4, to facilitate intracellular delivery of protein-based vaccines adjuvanted with Toll-like receptor 9 agonist CpG oligonucleotide (CpG) to generate enhanced CD8+ T cell immune responses and antitumor effects. LAH4 was found to mediate the intracellular delivery of both protein and nucleotide cargo and facilitate protein internalization using mechanisms involving endosomal acidification and processing through the proteasome pathway, leading to enhanced cross presentation of protein antigen by dendritic cells to CD8+ T cells. LAH4 also improved the internalization of CpG, resulting in NFkB activation, thus potentiating the adjuvant effect of CpG. We found that protein-based vaccine comprised of LAH4 mixed with model antigen and CpG generated significantly improved antigen-specific CD8+ T cell immune responses and/or antitumor effects. Furthermore, we found that LAH4 was able to enhance the ability of a tyrosinase-related protein 2 (TRP-2) peptide-based vaccine to generate TRP2-specific CD8+ T cells and antitumor effects against TRP2-expressing tumors. Thus, our results suggest that CPP technology using LAH4 is able to enhance both protein-based and peptide-based vaccine potency to generate antigen-specific CD8+ T cells and antitumor effects. Our findings serve as an important foundation for future clinical applications of CPP technology to improve protein/peptide-based vaccine potency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Tong Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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Preclinical Pharmacokinetics and Biodistribution of Human Papillomavirus DNA Vaccine Delivered in Human Endogenous Retrovirus Envelope-Coated Baculovirus Vector. Pharm Res 2011; 29:585-93. [DOI: 10.1007/s11095-011-0598-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2011] [Accepted: 09/15/2011] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Peng S, Ma B, Chen SH, Hung CF, Wu T. DNA vaccines delivered by human papillomavirus pseudovirions as a promising approach for generating antigen-specific CD8+ T cell immunity. Cell Biosci 2011; 1:26. [PMID: 21798027 PMCID: PMC3162874 DOI: 10.1186/2045-3701-1-26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2011] [Accepted: 07/28/2011] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Human papillomavirus (HPV) pseudovirions have recently been shown to deliver DNA efficiently in vivo, resulting in the priming of antigen-specific CD8+ T cells in vaccinated mice. In the current study, we compare the different preparation methods for the generation of HPV pseudovirions for their ability to efficiently infect cells. We also compare the antigen-specific CD8+ T cell immune responses generated by different DNA delivery methods and several commonly used forms of vaccination with that of HPV pseudovirions. Results We found that the preparation method of pseudovirions is important for the efficient delivery of encapsidated DNA. We have shown that vaccination with DNA encoding model antigen ovalbumin (OVA) delivered by HPV-16 pseudovirions was capable of generating therapeutic antitumor effects against OVA-expressing tumor. In addition, vaccination with DNA encoding OVA delivered by HPV-16 pseudovirions generated the highest number of OVA-specific CD8+ T cells in mice in our system compared to DNA delivered by other delivery methods. We also found that vaccination with OVA DNA delivered by HPV-16 pseudovirions generated the highest number of OVA-specific CD8+ T cells in mice compared to other forms of antigen-specific vaccines. Furthermore, HPV-16 pseudovirions were capable of carrying DNA vaccine encoding clinically relevant antigen, telomerase reverse transcriptase, to generate antigen-specific CD8+ T cell immune responses. Conclusions Our data suggest that DNA vaccines delivered by HPV-16 pseudovirions may be advantageous compared to other delivery methods and other forms of antigen-specific vaccines for application to antigen-specific immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiwen Peng
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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