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Lu K, Wang F, Ma B, Cao W, Guo Q, Wang H, Rodriguez R, Wang Z. Teratogenic Toxicity Evaluation of Bladder Cancer-Specific Oncolytic Adenovirus on Mice. Curr Gene Ther 2021; 21:160-166. [PMID: 33334289 DOI: 10.2174/1566523220999201217161258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In our previous studies, we had demonstrated the efficiency and specificity of constructed bladder tissue-specific adenovirus Ad-PSCAE-UPII-E1A-AR (APU-EIA-AR) on bladder cancer. The virus biodistribution and body toxicity in nude mice have also been investigated. However, the safety of the bladder cancer-specific oncolytic adenovirus on fetal mice and F1 mice should be under intense investigation. OBJECTIVE In order to evaluate the teratogenic toxicity of bladder cancer-specific oncolytic adenovirus APU-EIA-AR on mice, in this study, we investigated the fetal mice weight, fetal body length and tail length, fetal skeleton development, as well as the F1 mice weight, growth curve, and major organ pathology. These teratogenic toxicity data of bladder tissue-specific adenovirus Ad-PSCAE- UPII-E1A-AR (AD) would provide safe information prior to embarking on clinical trials. METHODS On the sixth day of being fertilized, the pregnant mice began to be intramuscularly administrated with AD (1×107VP, 1×108VP, 1×109VP) every other day for ten days. The pregnant mice were then divided into two groups. One group was euthanized on the seventeenth day; the fetal mice were taken out, and the bone structure of the infants was observed. The other group was observed until natural childbirth. The Filial Generation (F1) is fed for 30 days; the variations in the growth progress and development were assessed. The mice were then euthanized; The tissues from major organs were harvested and observed under the microscope. RESULTS In the process of teratogenic toxicity test, the Placenta weight, fetal mice weight, body length, and a tail length of mice fetal in adenovirus treated group did not reveal any alteration. Meanwhile, comparing with the PBS group, there is no obvious change in the skeleton of fetal mice treated with adenovirus. During the development process of F1 mice treated with adenovirus, the changes in mice weight show statistical significance. However, in the progress of the growth curve, this difference is not very obvious. Furthermore, the pathological section showed no obvious alteration in major organs. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated that bladder cancer-specific adenovirus Ad-PSCAE-UPII- E1A-AR appears safe in pregnant mice without any discernable effects on fetal mice and F1 development. Hence, it is relatively safe for tumor gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keqing Lu
- Gansu Nephro-Urological Clinical Center, Key Laboratory of Urological Diseases, Gansu Province (Lanzhou University), Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou730000, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Center of Medical Experiments, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Gansu Province, Lanzhou730000, China
| | - Baoliang Ma
- Gansu Nephro-Urological Clinical Center, Key Laboratory of Urological Diseases, Gansu Province (Lanzhou University), Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou730000, China
| | - Wenjuan Cao
- Gansu Nephro-Urological Clinical Center, Key Laboratory of Urological Diseases, Gansu Province (Lanzhou University), Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou730000, China
| | - Qi Guo
- Gansu Nephro-Urological Clinical Center, Key Laboratory of Urological Diseases, Gansu Province (Lanzhou University), Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou730000, China
| | - Hanzhang Wang
- Department of Urology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, United States
| | - Ronald Rodriguez
- Department of Urology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, United States
| | - Zhiping Wang
- Gansu Nephro-Urological Clinical Center, Key Laboratory of Urological Diseases, Gansu Province (Lanzhou University), Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou730000, China
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Quan Y, Lei H, Wahafu W, Liu Y, Ping H, Zhang X. Inhibition of autophagy enhances the anticancer effect of enzalutamide on bladder cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 120:109490. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/22/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Targeting CD46 Enhances Anti-Tumoral Activity of Adenovirus Type 5 for Bladder Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19092694. [PMID: 30201920 PMCID: PMC6164063 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
CD46 is generally overexpressed in many human cancers, representing a prime target for CD46-binding adenoviruses (Ads). This could help to overcome low anti-tumoral activity by coxsackie-adenoviral receptor (CAR)-targeting cancer gene therapy viruses. However, because of scarce side-by-side information about CAR and CD46 expression levels in cancer cells, mixed observations of cancer therapeutic efficacy have been observed. This study evaluated Ad-mediated therapeutic efficacy using either CAR-targeting Ad5 or CD46-targeting Ad5/35 fiber chimera in bladder cancer cell lines. Compared with normal urothelia, bladder cancer tissue generally overexpressed both CAR and CD46. While CAR expression was not correlated with disease progression, CD46 expression was inversely correlated with tumor grade, stage, and risk grade. In bladder cancer cell lines, expression levels of CD46 and CAR were highly correlated with Ad5/35- and Ad5-mediated gene transduction and cytotoxicity, respectively. In a human EJ bladder cancer xenograft mouse model, with either overexpressed or suppressed CD46 expression levels, Ad5/35-tk followed by ganciclovir (GCV) treatment significantly affected tumor growth, whereas Ad5-tk/GCV had only minimal effects. Overall, our findings suggest that bladder cancer cells overexpress both CAR and CD46, and that adenoviral cancer gene therapy targeting CD46 represents a more suitable therapy option than a CAR-targeting therapy, especially in patients with low risk bladder cancers.
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Cao W, Tian J, Li C, Gao Y, Liu X, Lu J, Wang Y, Wang Z, Svatek RS, Rodriguez R. A novel bladder cancer - specific oncolytic adenovirus by CD46 and its effect combined with cisplatin against cancer cells of CAR negative expression. Virol J 2017; 14:149. [PMID: 28789701 PMCID: PMC5549334 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-017-0818-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Conditionally replicative oncolytic adenoviruses (CRAds) display significant anti-tumor effects. However, the traditional adenovirus of serotype 5 (Ad5) entering cancer cells via coxsackie virus and adenovirus receptor (CAR) can't be utilized for bladder cancer with low expression of CAR, which limits the application of Ad5. METHODS We utilized Ad5/F11p containing the chimeric fiber gene encoding the Ad5 fiber tail domain and Ad11p fiber shaft and knob domains to construct bladder cancer-specific chimeric type viruses Ad5/F11p-PSCAE-UPII-E1A, which can infect bladder cancer cells mediated by CD46 molecule. We carried out series of experiments in vitro to research anti-tumor effect of Ad5/F11p-PSCAE-UPII-E1A and the interaction in combination with cisplatin. RESULTS The results demonstrated Ad5/F11p-PSCAE-UPII-E1A could infect bladder cancer cells (T24, EJ and 5637) in a CAR-independent way, and exert anti-tumor effect by blocking the cancer cells in G1 phase and inducing apoptosis. Ad5/F11p-PSCAE-UPII-E1A plus cisplatin enhanced the anti-proliferative effect and increased the number of apoptotic cells compared with viruses or cisplatin alone. Ad5/F11p-PSCAE-UPII-E1A plus cisplatin could upregulate the proteins expression of p53, Bax, and cleaved caspase-3, and downregulated Bcl-2 protein expression in T24, EJ and 5637 cells. CONCLUSION We constructed a bladder cancer-specific oncolytic adenovirus and provided new combination treatment strategies for bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Cao
- Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Key Laboratory of Urological Diseases in Gansu Province, Gansu Nephro-Urological Clinical Center, Cui Yingmen 82, Lanzhou, 730030 China
| | - Junqiang Tian
- Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Key Laboratory of Urological Diseases in Gansu Province, Gansu Nephro-Urological Clinical Center, Cui Yingmen 82, Lanzhou, 730030 China
| | - Chong Li
- Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Key Laboratory of Urological Diseases in Gansu Province, Gansu Nephro-Urological Clinical Center, Cui Yingmen 82, Lanzhou, 730030 China
| | - Yanjun Gao
- Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Key Laboratory of Urological Diseases in Gansu Province, Gansu Nephro-Urological Clinical Center, Cui Yingmen 82, Lanzhou, 730030 China
| | - Xingchen Liu
- Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Key Laboratory of Urological Diseases in Gansu Province, Gansu Nephro-Urological Clinical Center, Cui Yingmen 82, Lanzhou, 730030 China
| | - Jianzhong Lu
- Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Key Laboratory of Urological Diseases in Gansu Province, Gansu Nephro-Urological Clinical Center, Cui Yingmen 82, Lanzhou, 730030 China
| | - Yuhan Wang
- Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Key Laboratory of Urological Diseases in Gansu Province, Gansu Nephro-Urological Clinical Center, Cui Yingmen 82, Lanzhou, 730030 China
| | - Zhiping Wang
- Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Key Laboratory of Urological Diseases in Gansu Province, Gansu Nephro-Urological Clinical Center, Cui Yingmen 82, Lanzhou, 730030 China
| | - Robert S. Svatek
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229-3900 USA
| | - Ronald Rodriguez
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229-3900 USA
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Li S, Wang F, Zhai Z, Fu S, Lu J, Zhang H, Guo H, Hu X, Li R, Wang Z, Rodriguez R. Synergistic effect of bladder cancer-specific oncolytic adenovirus in combination with chemotherapy. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:2081-2088. [PMID: 28781650 PMCID: PMC5530188 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Gene therapy with adenoviral early region gene (E1A) may enhance the susceptibility of neoplastic cells to chemotherapy-induced cell death. Our previous study developed a urothelium-specific oncolytic serotype 5 adenovirus (Ad5) with the uroplakin II (UPII) promoter controlling E1A expression. The present study investigated whether this urothelium-specific recombinant adenovirus (Ad5-UPII-E1A) enhanced mitomycin (MMC) and hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT) sensitization and drug-induced apoptosis in bladder cancer cells. The results of the MTT assay revealed that combination therapy, using Ad5-UPII-E1A and MMC or HCPT, synergistically inhibited the viability of bladder cancer cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner when compared with either agent alone. When cells were treated with Ad5-UPII-E1A alone they arrested in the G1 phase, but cell cycle analysis by flow cytometry revealed S phase arrest when treated with combined therapy. Treatment with MMC or HCPT enhanced Ad5-UPII-E1A-induced apoptosis in 5,637 cells, observed by transmission electron microscopy. Western blot analysis revealed that MMC and HCPT enhanced the E1A expression of the Ad5-UPII-E1A vectorin a dose-dependent manner. The present study demonstrated that Ad5-UPII-E1A combined with MMC or HCPT resulted in synergistic cytotoxicity in a process which involved the promotion of apoptosis in bladder cancer cell lines. MMC and HCPT also promoted the oncolytic effect of Ad5-UPII-E1A. Thus, treatment using Ad5-UPII-E1A combined with MMC or HCPT may be an attractive strategy for the sensitization of bladder cancer to chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuwen Li
- Urologic Clinical Center of Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730030, P.R. China
| | - Fang Wang
- Medical Experiment Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Zhenxing Zhai
- Urologic Clinical Center of Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730030, P.R. China
| | - Shengjun Fu
- Urologic Clinical Center of Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730030, P.R. China
| | - Jianzhong Lu
- Urologic Clinical Center of Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730030, P.R. China
| | - Hongjuan Zhang
- Urologic Clinical Center of Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730030, P.R. China
| | - Hongyu Guo
- Urologic Clinical Center of Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730030, P.R. China
| | - Xuemei Hu
- Urologic Clinical Center of Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730030, P.R. China
| | - Renju Li
- Urologic Clinical Center of Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730030, P.R. China
| | - Zhiping Wang
- Urologic Clinical Center of Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730030, P.R. China
| | - Ronald Rodriguez
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
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Li T, Yang L, Fu SJ, Xiao EL, Yuan X, Lu JZ, Ma BL, Shi TK, Wang ZP. Subcutaneous Injections of the Mannose-Sensitive Hemagglutination Pilus Strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Stimulate Host Immunity, Reduce Bladder Cancer Size and Improve Tumor Survival in Mice. Cell Biochem Biophys 2017; 73:245-52. [PMID: 25724441 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-015-0611-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
We wished to evaluate the effects of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (mannose-sensitive hemagglutination pilus strain, PA-MSHA) as an immunostimulating and anti-tumor agent for treatment of bladder cancer. Immunostimulating effects were assessed by the in vitro proliferation assay of murine splenic lymphocytes. Anti-tumor effects were studied in a subcutaneous tumor model established in female C57BL/6 mice using the MB49 bladder cell line. These mice received subcutaneous injections of normal saline (control group) or PA-MSHA (high, medium, or low dose, respectively, 1.6-2.0 × 10(9), 3.2- .0 × 10(8), 6.4-8.0 × 10(7) CFU/ml) twice a week for 3 weeks. Mice survival, tumor volume, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression, microvessel density (MVD), serum levels of TNF-α and IFN-γ, and blood CD4(+) /CD8(+) counts were the study outcomes. We observed that PA-MSHA promoted the growth of splenic lymphocytes in vitro. In the murine tumor model, PA-MSHA prolonged mice survival and reduced tumor growth. Furthermore, VEGF and MVD were also diminished by PA-MSHA. Mice that received high and medium dose of PA-MSHA had significantly higher serum levels of IFN-γ and TNF-α (days 21 and 28), and higher levels of CD4(+) /CD8(+) cells (days 21 and 28). In conclusion, PA-MSHA exerts beneficial effects on increasing proliferation of murine splenic lymphocytes in vitro and inhibits the growth of bladder tumor in a murine model. Therefore, PA-MSHA may be useful an immunostimulating and anti-tumor agent for bladder cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Li
- Institute of Urology, Department of Urology, Key Laboratory of Urological Diseases in Gansu Province, Gansu Nephro-Urological Clinical Center, , Lanzhou University Second Hospital, 82 Cui YingMen Street, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Li Yang
- Institute of Urology, Department of Urology, Key Laboratory of Urological Diseases in Gansu Province, Gansu Nephro-Urological Clinical Center, , Lanzhou University Second Hospital, 82 Cui YingMen Street, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Sheng-Jun Fu
- Institute of Urology, Department of Urology, Key Laboratory of Urological Diseases in Gansu Province, Gansu Nephro-Urological Clinical Center, , Lanzhou University Second Hospital, 82 Cui YingMen Street, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Er-Long Xiao
- Institute of Urology, Department of Urology, Key Laboratory of Urological Diseases in Gansu Province, Gansu Nephro-Urological Clinical Center, , Lanzhou University Second Hospital, 82 Cui YingMen Street, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Xuan Yuan
- Institute of Urology, Department of Urology, Key Laboratory of Urological Diseases in Gansu Province, Gansu Nephro-Urological Clinical Center, , Lanzhou University Second Hospital, 82 Cui YingMen Street, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Jian-Zhong Lu
- Institute of Urology, Department of Urology, Key Laboratory of Urological Diseases in Gansu Province, Gansu Nephro-Urological Clinical Center, , Lanzhou University Second Hospital, 82 Cui YingMen Street, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Bao-Liang Ma
- Institute of Urology, Department of Urology, Key Laboratory of Urological Diseases in Gansu Province, Gansu Nephro-Urological Clinical Center, , Lanzhou University Second Hospital, 82 Cui YingMen Street, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Ting-Kai Shi
- Institute of Urology, Department of Urology, Key Laboratory of Urological Diseases in Gansu Province, Gansu Nephro-Urological Clinical Center, , Lanzhou University Second Hospital, 82 Cui YingMen Street, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Zhi-Ping Wang
- Institute of Urology, Department of Urology, Key Laboratory of Urological Diseases in Gansu Province, Gansu Nephro-Urological Clinical Center, , Lanzhou University Second Hospital, 82 Cui YingMen Street, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, China.
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Zhang H, Wang F, Mao C, Zhang Z, Fu S, Lu J, Zhai Z, Li R, Li S, Rodriguez R, Wang Z. Effect of combined treatment of radiation and tissue-specific recombinant oncolytic adenovirus on bladder cancer cells. Int J Radiat Biol 2016; 93:174-183. [PMID: 27600610 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2017.1231942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Gene therapy combined with radiation has shown promising potential for the treatment of tumors. This paper aimed to clarify the synergistic effect of radiotherapy combined with the bladder cancer tissue-specific oncolytic adenovirus (Ad-PSCAE-UPII-E1A) on bladder cancer cells and to study the underlying synergy mechanisms of the combined treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS The Adenovirus carrying E1A under control of UPII promoter and prostate stem cell antigen enhancer (PSCAE) were successfully constructed. The viability of bladder cancer cells BIU-87 and EJ was determined by MTT assay. The apoptotic assay was demonstrated by flow cytometry and TEM. Virus titer was determined by TCID50 assay, and proteins Mre11, Chk2-Thr68, and E1A were analyzed by Western blot method. RESULTS Oncolytic adenovirus combined with radiotherapy improved antitumor efficacy compared with the single treatment at a time and was X-ray dosage-dependent. When the adenovirus infection was scheduled at 24 h after irradiation, cancer cells had the lowest viability. Adenovirus and irradiation induced cell death through the caspase-3 related apoptotic pathway, and bladder cancer cells were arrested at the G1 (BIU-87) or S phase (EJ). Autophagic vacuoles were observed in bladder cancer cells treated with radiation and adenovirus. After irradiation, more virus particles were observed in the BIU-87 and EJ cells. However, by a TCID50 assay, there was no difference in virus titter between irradiated bladder cancer cells and unirradiated cells. The proteins Mre11, Chk2-Thr68 which involved in the DNA break repair pathway were decreased while γ-H2AX-Ser139 increased; at the same time, the E1A gene and the hexon proteins of oncolytic adenovirus were increased after irradiation. CONCLUSIONS Our results proved synergistic antitumor effect of adenovirus Ad-PSCAE-UPII-E1A and radiation, which might be a potential therapeutic strategy for bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjuan Zhang
- a Urologic Clinical Center of Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , China.,b The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University , Tian Jin , China
| | - Fang Wang
- c School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , China
| | - Chunjie Mao
- d The General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University , Tian Jin , China
| | - Zuncheng Zhang
- b The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University , Tian Jin , China
| | - Shengjun Fu
- a Urologic Clinical Center of Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , China
| | - Jianzhong Lu
- a Urologic Clinical Center of Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , China
| | - Zhenxing Zhai
- a Urologic Clinical Center of Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , China
| | - Renju Li
- a Urologic Clinical Center of Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , China
| | - Shuwen Li
- a Urologic Clinical Center of Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , China
| | - Ron Rodriguez
- e Department of Urology , University of Texas Health Science Center , San Antonio , Texas , USA
| | - Zhiping Wang
- a Urologic Clinical Center of Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , China
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Lentivirus-mediated p21/Waf-1 short hairpin RNA enhances the cytotoxic effects and replicative potential of a bladder cancer-specific oncolytic adenovirus in vitro. Anticancer Drugs 2016; 28:88-96. [PMID: 27622605 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000000433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Our previous work confirmed that the bladder cancer-specific oncolytic adenovirus Ad/PSCAE/UPII/E1A could selectively replicate in bladder cancer cells, thus causing specific tumor cell lysis. The replicative potential is a crucial factor in determining the therapeutic efficacy of oncolytic adenoviruses. However, viral replication is attenuated by the low-activity promoter that we used, thus compromising viral cytotoxicity. In this study, we investigated the effect of the cell cycle-dependent kinase inhibitor p21/Waf-1 on an adenovirus. We used lentivirus-mediated short hairpin RNA to knock down p21/Waf-1 in two bladder cancer cell lines EJ and 5637. The p21/Waf-1 knockdown not only induced stronger cytopathic effects but also augmented apoptosis, which was closely associated with the enhancement of Fas and the subsequent significant activation of caspase-3. A replicative assay showed that p21/Waf-1 knockdown increased the viral particle production. Western blot analysis confirmed that p21/Waf-1 knockdown upregulated the expression of androgen receptor (AR) and two adenovirus replication indicators E1A and hexon. A luciferase activity assay indicated higher transcriptional activity of the uroplakin II (UPII) promoter in the p21/Waf-1 knockdown cells, and one possible mechanism could be that the increased expression of AR induced the UPII promoter through the AR-binding sites of the prostate stem cell antigen enhancer. These findings indicating that p21/Waf-1 knockdown could enhance cell killing and viral replication have significant implications for the development of bladder cancer-specific oncolytic adenovirus therapies.
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Abstract
Oncolytic virotherapy is a cancer treatment in which replication-competent viruses are used that specifically infect, replicate in and lyse malignant tumour cells, while minimizing harm to normal cells. Anecdotal evidence of the effectiveness of this strategy has existed since the late nineteenth century, but advances and innovations in biotechnological methods in the 1980s and 1990s led to a renewed interest in this type of therapy. Multiple clinical trials investigating the use of agents constructed from a wide range of viruses have since been performed, and several of these enrolled patients with urological malignancies. Data from these clinical trials and from preclinical studies revealed a number of challenges to the effectiveness of oncolytic virotherapy that have prompted the development of further sophisticated strategies. Urological cancers have a range of distinctive features, such as specific genetic mutations and cell surface markers, which enable improving both effectiveness and safety of oncolytic virus treatments. The strategies employed in creating advanced oncolytic agents include alteration of the virus tropism, regulating transcription and translation of viral genes, combination with chemotherapy, radiotherapy or gene therapy, arming viruses with factors that stimulate the immune response against tumour cells and delivery technologies to ensure that the viral agent reaches its target tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahid Delwar
- Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, 2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2B5, Canada
| | - Kaixin Zhang
- Department of Urology, University of British Columbia, Level 6, 2775 Laurel Street, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - Paul S Rennie
- Prostate Research Centre, Vancouver General Hospital, 2660 Oak Street, Vancouver, British Columbia V6H 3Z6, Canada
| | - William Jia
- Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, 2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2B5, Canada
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To review and summarize current knowledge on gender differences and sex steroid hormones in nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer. RECENT FINDINGS Beyond the proven role of gender as a risk factor for the development of bladder cancer, recent studies indicate that women present with more advanced bladder cancer tumor stages than men, which may be due to differences in both bladder cancer care and biology. In addition, female gender has been identified as an independent prognostic factor for both recurrence and progression and may be associated with worse response to Bacillus Calmette-Guérin instillation therapy. Overall, sex steroid hormones and their receptors impact bladder carcinogenesis, recurrence and progression. Basic and transitional research evidence suggests that estrogens may initially protect against bladder cancer development, but later promote bladder cancer progression. Androgens, in contrast, seem to initiate and drive bladder cancer with its receptor playing a central role. Promising novel research shows a potential role of sex steroid hormones as therapeutic targets. SUMMARY Whereas men are more likely to develop bladder cancer, women present generally with more advanced disease and have worse oncologic outcomes even after adjusting for tumor stage. Sex steroid hormones and their receptors play an active role in bladder cancer development and progression and represent attractive therapeutic targets for gender-specific care.
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Liu Y, Zeng Y, Liu L, Zhuang C, Fu X, Huang W, Cai Z. Synthesizing AND gate genetic circuits based on CRISPR-Cas9 for identification of bladder cancer cells. Nat Commun 2014; 5:5393. [DOI: 10.1038/ncomms6393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Accepted: 09/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
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Wang L, Zhang Y, Zhao J, Xiao E, Lu J, Fu S, Wang Z. Combination of bladder cancer-specific oncolytic adenovirus gene therapy with cisplatin on bladder cancer in vitro. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:10879-90. [PMID: 25085582 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2353-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Accepted: 07/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer-specific oncolytic adenovirus Ad/PSCAE/UPII/E1A, carrying E1A gene regulated by human Uroplakin II (UPII) promoter and prostate stem cell antigen enhancer (PSCAE), could kill bladder tumor cells preferentially. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of Ad/PSCAE/UPII/E1A combined with cisplatin on human bladder cancer cells and to identify the underlying mechanisms. The combined effects of Ad/PSCAE/UPII/E1A and cisplatin on EJ, 5637, and BIU-87 bladder cancer cells were evaluated by MTT cell proliferation assay. Cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry with fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated annexin V (annexin V-FITC) and propidium iodide staining. The activation of the caspase pathway and the expression of Bcl-2 family proteins were determined by western blot assay. Ad/PSCAE/UPII/E1A adenovirus vector could infect bladder cancer cell lines selectively and induce growth inhibition effectively. Of note, the combination treatment of cisplatin and Ad/PSCAE/UPII/E1A could inhibit the proliferation of bladder cancer cells significantly compared with the "alone" treatment. Furthermore, Ad/PSCAE/UPII/E1A plus cisplatin combined treatment resulted in enhanced apoptosis in bladder cancer cells. The enhanced antitumor effects in vitro elicited by Ad/PSCAE/UPII/E1A plus cisplatin were closely related to the increased Fas expression and cleavage of caspase-8 and Bid and decrease in the ratio of anti- to pro-apoptotic proteins followed by activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3, which may contribute to the activation of extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways. Our results indicate that the combination of Ad/PSCAE/UPII/E1A with cisplatin exerts a synergistic antitumor effect on human bladder cancer cells and is a potential combined treatment strategy for bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
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Zhao Y, Li Y, Wang L, Yang H, Wang Q, Qi H, Li S, Zhou P, Liang P, Wang Q, Li X. microRNA response elements-regulated TRAIL expression shows specific survival-suppressing activity on bladder cancer. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2013; 32:10. [PMID: 23442927 PMCID: PMC3764979 DOI: 10.1186/1756-9966-32-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2012] [Accepted: 02/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background Bladder transitional cell carcinoma greatly threatens human health all over
the world. Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)
shows a strong apoptosis-inducing effect on a variety of cancer cells
including bladder cancer. However, adenovirus-mediated TRAIL expression
still showed cytotoxicity to normal cells mainly due to lack of tumor
specificity. Methods To solve the problem, we applied miRNA response elements (MREs) of
miR-1, miR-133 and
miR-218 to confer TRAIL expression with specificity to
bladder cancer cells. Results Expression of miR-1, miR-133 and
miR-218 was greatly decreased in bladder cancer than
normal bladder tissue. Luciferase assay showed that application of the 3
MREs was able to restrain exogenous gene expression to within bladder cancer
cells. Subsequently, we constructed a recombinant adenovirus with TRAIL
expression regulated by MREs of miR-1,
miR-133 and miR-218, namely
Ad-TRAIL-MRE-1-133-218. qPCR, immunoblotting and ELISA assays demonstrated
that Ad-TRAIL-MRE-1-133-218 expressed in bladder cancer cells, rather than
normal bladder cells. The differential TRAIL expression also led to
selective apoptosis-inducing and growth-inhibiting effect of
Ad-TRAIL-MRE-1-133-218 on bladder cancers. Finally, bladder cancer xenograft
in mouse models further confirmed that Ad-TRAIL-MRE-1-133-218 effectively
suppressed the growth of bladder cancers. Conclusions Collectively, we demonstrated that MREs-based TRAIL delivery into bladder
cancer cells was feasible and efficient for cancer gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youguang Zhao
- Department of Urology, General Hospital of Chengdu Military Area Command of Chinese PLA, Chengdu 610083, Sichuan Province, PR China.
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Wang F, Wang Z, Tian H, Qi M, Zhai Z, Li S, Li R, Zhang H, Wang W, Fu S, Lu J, Rodriguez R, Guo Y, Zhou L. Biodistribution and safety assessment of bladder cancer specific recombinant oncolytic adenovirus in subcutaneous xenografts tumor model in nude mice. Curr Gene Ther 2012; 12:67-76. [PMID: 22384806 DOI: 10.2174/156652312800099599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2011] [Revised: 01/27/2012] [Accepted: 01/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The previous works about safety evaluation for constructed bladder tissue specific adenovirus are poorly documented. Thus, we investigated the biodistribution and body toxicity of bladder specific oncolytic adenovirus Ad-PSCAE-UPII-E1A (APU-E1A) and Ad-PSCAE-UPII-E1A-AR (APU-E1A-AR), providing meaningful information prior to embarking on human clinical trials. MATERIALS AND METHOD Conditionally replicate recombinant adenovirus (CRADs) APU-E1A, APU-EIA-AR were constructed with bladder tissue specific UroplakinII(UPII) promoter to induce the expression of Ad5E1A gene and E1A-AR fusing gene, and PSCAE was inserted at upstream of promoter to enhance the function of promoter. Based on the cytopathic and anti-tumor effect of bladder cancer, these CRADs were intratumorally injected into subcutaneous xenografts tumor in nude mice. We then determined the toxicity through general health and behavioral assessment, hepatic and hematological toxicity evaluation, macroscopic and microscopic postmortem analyses. The spread of the transgene E1A of adenovirus was detected with RT-PCR and Western blot. Virus replication and distribution were examined with APU-LUC administration and Luciferase Assay. RESULTS General assessment and body weight of the animals did not reveal any alteration in general behavior. The hematological alterations of groups which were injected with 5x10(8) pfu or higher dose (5x10(9) pfu) of APU-E1A and APU-E1A-AR showed no difference in comparison with PBS group, and only slight increased transaminases in contrast to PBS group at 5x10(9) pfu of APU-E1A and APU-E1A-AR were observed. E1A transgene did not disseminate to organs outside of xenograft tumor. Virus replication was not detected in other organs beside tumor according to Luciferase Assay. CONCLUSIONS Our study showed that recombinant adenovirus APU-E1A-AR and APU-E1A appear safe with 5x10(7) pfu and 5x10(8) pfu intratumorally injection in mice, without any discernable effects on general health and behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Wang
- School of Life Sciences in Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China.
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