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Chapuis M, Pélissié B, Piou C, Chardonnet F, Pagès C, Foucart A, Chapuis E, Jourdan‐Pineau H. Additive genetic variance for traits least related to fitness increases with environmental stress in the desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:13930-13947. [PMID: 34707829 PMCID: PMC8525110 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.8099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Under environmental stress, previously hidden additive genetic variation can be unmasked and exposed to selection. The amount of hidden variation is expected to be higher for life history traits, which strongly correlate to individual fitness, than for morphological traits, in which fitness effects are more ambiguous. However, no consensual pattern has been recovered yet, and this idea is still debated in the literature. Here, we hypothesize that the classical categorization of traits (i.e., life history and morphology) may fail to capture their proximity to fitness. In the desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria, a model organism for the study of insect polyphenism, we quantified changes in additive genetic variation elicited by lifetime thermal stress for ten traits, in which evolutionary significance is known. Irrespective of their category, traits under strong stabilizing selection showed genetic invariance with environmental stress, while traits more loosely associated with fitness showed a marked increase in additive genetic variation in the stressful environment. Furthermore, traits involved in adaptive phenotypic plasticity (growth compensation) showed either no change in additive genetic variance or a change of moderate magnitude across thermal environments. We interpret this mitigated response of plastic traits in the context of integrated evolution to adjust the entire phenotype in heterogeneous environments (i.e., adaptiveness of initial plasticity, compromise of phenotypic compensation with stress, and shared developmental pathway). Altogether, our results indicate, in agreement with theoretical expectations, that environmental stress can increase available additive genetic variance in some desert locust traits, but those closely linked to fitness are largely unaffected. Our study also highlights the importance of assessing the proximity to fitness of a trait on a case-by-case basis and in an ecologically relevant context, as well as considering the processes of canalization and plasticity, involved in the control of phenotypic variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie‐Pierre Chapuis
- CIRADCBGPMontpellierFrance
- CBGPCIRADMontpellier SupAgroINRAIRDUniv MontpellierMontpellierFrance
| | - Benjamin Pélissié
- CIRADCBGPMontpellierFrance
- CBGPCIRADMontpellier SupAgroINRAIRDUniv MontpellierMontpellierFrance
- Department of BiologyUniversity of Nebraska at KearneyKearneyNebraskaUSA
| | - Cyril Piou
- CIRADCBGPMontpellierFrance
- CBGPCIRADMontpellier SupAgroINRAIRDUniv MontpellierMontpellierFrance
| | - Floriane Chardonnet
- CIRADCBGPMontpellierFrance
- CBGPCIRADMontpellier SupAgroINRAIRDUniv MontpellierMontpellierFrance
| | | | - Antoine Foucart
- CIRADCBGPMontpellierFrance
- CBGPCIRADMontpellier SupAgroINRAIRDUniv MontpellierMontpellierFrance
| | - Elodie Chapuis
- MIVEGECUniversité de MontpellierCNRSIRDMontpellierFrance
- CIRADUMR PVBMTSaint‐PierreFrance
| | - Hélène Jourdan‐Pineau
- CIRADCBGPMontpellierFrance
- CBGPCIRADMontpellier SupAgroINRAIRDUniv MontpellierMontpellierFrance
- CIRADUMR PVBMTSaint‐PierreFrance
- CIRADUMR ASTREMontpellierFrance
- ASTREUniv MontpellierCIRADINRAMontpellierFrance
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Babin A, Moreau J, Moret Y. Storage of Carotenoids in Crustaceans as an Adaptation to Modulate Immunopathology and Optimize Immunological and Life-History Strategies. Bioessays 2019; 41:e1800254. [PMID: 31566782 DOI: 10.1002/bies.201800254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 08/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Why do some invertebrates store so much carotenoids in their tissues? Storage of carotenoids may not simply be passive and dependent on their environmental availability, as storage variation exists at various taxonomic scales, including among individuals within species. While the strong antioxidant and sometimes immune-stimulating properties of carotenoids may be beneficial enough to cause the evolution of features improving their assimilation and storage, they may also have fitness downsides explaining why massive carotenoid storage is not universal. Here, the functional and ecological implications of carotenoid storage for the evolution of invertebrate innate immune defenses are examined, especially in crustaceans, which massively store carotenoids for unclear reasons. Three testable hypotheses about the role of carotenoid storage in immunological (resistance and tolerance) and life-history strategies (with a focus on aging) are proposed, which may ultimately explain the storage of large amounts of these pigments in a context of host-pathogen interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Babin
- Équipe Écologie Évolutive, UMR CNRS 6282 Biogéosciences, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 6 Boulevard Gabriel, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Jérôme Moreau
- Équipe Écologie Évolutive, UMR CNRS 6282 Biogéosciences, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 6 Boulevard Gabriel, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Yannick Moret
- Équipe Écologie Évolutive, UMR CNRS 6282 Biogéosciences, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 6 Boulevard Gabriel, F-21000, Dijon, France
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Tetreau G, Dhinaut J, Gourbal B, Moret Y. Trans-generational Immune Priming in Invertebrates: Current Knowledge and Future Prospects. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1938. [PMID: 31475001 PMCID: PMC6703094 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Trans-generational immune priming (TGIP) refers to the transfer of the parental immunological experience to its progeny. This may result in offspring protection from repeated encounters with pathogens that persist across generations. Although extensively studied in vertebrates for over a century, this phenomenon has only been identified 20 years ago in invertebrates. Since then, invertebrate TGIP has been the focus of an increasing interest, with half of studies published during the last few years. TGIP has now been tested in several invertebrate systems using various experimental approaches and measures to study it at both functional and evolutionary levels. However, drawing an overall picture of TGIP from available studies still appears to be a difficult task. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of TGIP in invertebrates with the objective of confronting all the data generated to date to highlight the main features and mechanisms identified in the context of its ecology and evolution. To this purpose, we describe all the articles reporting experimental investigation of TGIP in invertebrates and propose a critical analysis of the experimental procedures performed to study this phenomenon. We then investigate the outcome of TGIP in the offspring and its ecological and evolutionary relevance before reviewing the potential molecular mechanisms identified to date. In the light of this review, we build hypothetical scenarios of the mechanisms through which TGIP might be achieved and propose guidelines for future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Tetreau
- Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, IHPE UMR 5244, CNRS, IFREMER, Univ. Montpellier, Perpignan, France
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, IBS, Grenoble, France
| | - Julien Dhinaut
- UMR CNRS 6282 BioGéoSciences, Équipe Écologie Évolutive, Université Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Benjamin Gourbal
- Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, IHPE UMR 5244, CNRS, IFREMER, Univ. Montpellier, Perpignan, France
| | - Yannick Moret
- UMR CNRS 6282 BioGéoSciences, Équipe Écologie Évolutive, Université Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Dijon, France
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Kochi Y, Miyashita A, Tsuchiya K, Mitsuyama M, Sekimizu K, Kaito C. A human pathogenic bacterial infection model using the two-spotted cricket,Gryllus bimaculatus. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2016; 363:fnw163. [DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnw163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
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Pélissié B, Piou C, Jourdan-Pineau H, Pagès C, Blondin L, Chapuis MP. Extra Molting and Selection on Nymphal Growth in the Desert Locust. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0155736. [PMID: 27227885 PMCID: PMC4881952 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In insects, extra-molting has been viewed as a compensatory mechanism for nymphal growth that contributes to optimize body weight for successful reproduction. However, little is known on the capacity of extra-molting to evolve in natural populations, which limits our understanding of how selection acts on nymphal growth. We used a multi-generational pedigree, individual monitoring and quantitative genetics models to investigate the evolution of extra-molting and its impact on nymphal growth in a solitarious population of the desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria. Growth compensation via extra-molting was observed for 46% of the females, whose adult weight exceeded by 4% that of other females, at a cost of a 22% longer development time. We found a null heritability for body weight threshold only, and the highest and a strongly female-biased heritability for extra molting. Our genetic estimates show that (1) directional selection can act on growth rate, development time and extra-molting to optimize body weight threshold, the target of stabilizing selection, (2) extra-molting can evolve in natural populations, and (3) a genetic conflict, due to sexually antagonistic selection on extra-molting, might prevent its fixation. Finally, we discuss how antagonistic selection between solitarious and gregarious environments and/or genetic correlations between growth and phase traits might also impact the evolution of extra-molting in locusts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cyril Piou
- CIRAD, UMR CBGP, F-34398, Montpellier, France
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Duressa TF, Boonen K, Hayakawa Y, Huybrechts R. Identification and functional characterization of a novel locust peptide belonging to the family of insect growth blocking peptides. Peptides 2015; 74:23-32. [PMID: 26471907 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2015.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Revised: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Growth blocking peptides (GBPs) are recognized as insect cytokines that take part in multifaceted functions including immune system activation and growth retardation. The peptides induce hemocyte spreading in vitro, which is considered as the initial step in hemocyte activation against infection in many insect species. Therefore, in this study, we carried out a series of in vitro bioassay driven fractionations of Locusta migratoria hemolymph combined with mass spectrometry to identify locust hemocyte activation factors belonging to the family of insect GBPs. We identified the locust hemocyte spreading peptide (locust GBP) as a 28-mer peptide encoded at the C-terminus of a 64 amino acid long precursor polypeptide. As demonstrated by QRT-PCR, the gene encoding the locust GBP precursor (proGBP) was expressed in large quantities in diverse locust tissues including fat body, endocrine glands, central nervous system, reproductive tissues and flight muscles. In contrary, hemocytes, gut tissues and Malpighian tubules displayed little expression of the proGBP transcript. The bioactive peptide induces transient depletion of hemocytes in vivo and when injected in last instar nymphs it extends the larval growth phase and postpones adult molting. In addition, we identified a functional homologous hemocyte spreading peptide in Schistocerca gregaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tewodros Firdissa Duressa
- Insect Physiology and Molecular Ethology, Biology Department, KU Leuven, Naamsestraat 59, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Kurt Boonen
- Functional Genomics and Proteomics, Biology Department, KU Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Yoichi Hayakawa
- Department of Applied Biological Sciences, Saga University, Saga 840-8502, Japan.
| | - Roger Huybrechts
- Insect Physiology and Molecular Ethology, Biology Department, KU Leuven, Naamsestraat 59, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
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Kangassalo K, Valtonen TM, Roff D, Pölkki M, Dubovskiy IM, Sorvari J, Rantala MJ. Intra- and trans-generational effects of larval diet on susceptibility to an entomopathogenic fungus, Beauveria bassiana
, in the greater wax moth, Galleria mellonella. J Evol Biol 2015; 28:1453-64. [DOI: 10.1111/jeb.12666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Kangassalo
- Department of Biology; Section of Ecology; University of Turku; Turku Finland
| | - T. M. Valtonen
- Department of Biology; Section of Ecology; University of Turku; Turku Finland
| | - D. Roff
- Department of Biology; University of California; Riverside CA USA
| | - M. Pölkki
- Department of Biology; Section of Ecology; University of Turku; Turku Finland
| | - I. M. Dubovskiy
- Institute of Animal Systematics and Ecology; Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Science; Novosibirsk Russia
| | - J. Sorvari
- Department of Environmental Science; University of Eastern Finland; Kuopio Finland
| | - M. J. Rantala
- Department of Biology; Section of Ecology; University of Turku; Turku Finland
- Turku Brain and Mind Center; University of Turku; Turku Finland
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