1
|
Zhao Y, Yang M, Liu Y, Wan Z, Chen M, He Q, Liao Y, Shuai P, Shi J, Guo S. Pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases: effects of mitochondrial CF6 on endothelial cell function. Mol Cell Biochem 2024:10.1007/s11010-024-05065-2. [PMID: 38985252 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-024-05065-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) stands as a predominant global cause of morbidity and mortality, necessitating effective and cost-efficient therapies for cardiovascular risk reduction. Mitochondrial coupling factor 6 (CF6), identified as a novel proatherogenic peptide, emerges as a significant risk factor in endothelial dysfunction development, correlating with CVD severity. CF6 expression can be heightened by CVD risk factors like mechanical force, hypoxia, or high glucose stimuli through the NF-κB pathway. Many studies have explored the CF6-CVD relationship, revealing elevated plasma CF6 levels in essential hypertension, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), stroke, and preeclampsia patients. CF6 acts as a vasoactive and proatherogenic peptide in CVD, inducing intracellular acidosis in vascular endothelial cells, inhibiting nitric oxide (NO) and prostacyclin generation, increasing blood pressure, and producing proatherogenic molecules, significantly contributing to CVD development. CF6 induces an imbalance in endothelium-dependent factors, including NO, prostacyclin, and asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), promoting vasoconstriction, vascular remodeling, thrombosis, and insulin resistance, possibly via C-src Ca2+ and PRMT-1/DDAH-2-ADMA-NO pathways. This review offers a comprehensive exploration of CF6 in the context of CVD, providing mechanistic insights into its role in processes impacting CVD, with a focus on CF6 functions, intracellular signaling, and regulatory mechanisms in vascular endothelial cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Zhao
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, School of Medicine and Life Science, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ming Yang
- The Lab of Aging Research, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Youren Liu
- Department of Health Management Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Zhengwei Wan
- Department of Health Management Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Mengchun Chen
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, School of Medicine and Life Science, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiumei He
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Liao
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, School of Medicine and Life Science, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ping Shuai
- Department of Health Management Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China.
| | - Jianyou Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China.
| | - Shujin Guo
- Department of Health Management Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kumagai A, Takeda S, Sohara E, Uchida S, Iijima H, Itakura A, Koya D, Kanasaki K. Dietary Magnesium Insufficiency Induces Salt-Sensitive Hypertension in Mice Associated With Reduced Kidney Catechol-O-Methyl Transferase Activity. Hypertension 2021; 78:138-150. [PMID: 33840199 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.120.16377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asako Kumagai
- Faculty of Medicine, Internal Medicine I, Shimane University, Izumo, Japan (A.K., K.K.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan (A.K., S.T., A.I.)
- Department of Diabetology and Endocrinology (A.K., D.K.), Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Satoru Takeda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan (A.K., S.T., A.I.)
| | - Eisei Sohara
- Department of Nephrology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Yushima, Bunkyo, Japan (E.S., S.U.)
| | - Shinichi Uchida
- Department of Nephrology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Yushima, Bunkyo, Japan (E.S., S.U.)
| | - Hiroshi Iijima
- School of Pharmacy, Nihon University, Chiba, Japan (H.I.)
| | - Astuo Itakura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan (A.K., S.T., A.I.)
| | - Daisuke Koya
- Department of Diabetology and Endocrinology (A.K., D.K.), Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan
- Division of Anticipatory Molecular Food Science and Technology, Medical Research Institute (D.K., K.K.), Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Keizo Kanasaki
- Faculty of Medicine, Internal Medicine I, Shimane University, Izumo, Japan (A.K., K.K.)
- Division of Anticipatory Molecular Food Science and Technology, Medical Research Institute (D.K., K.K.), Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kawarazaki W, Fujita T. Role of Rho in Salt-Sensitive Hypertension. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22062958. [PMID: 33803946 PMCID: PMC8001214 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22062958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A high amount of salt in the diet increases blood pressure (BP) and leads to salt-sensitive hypertension in individuals with impaired renal sodium excretion. Small guanosine triphosphatase (GTP)ase Rho and Rac, activated by salt intake, play important roles in the pathogenesis of salt-sensitive hypertension as key switches of intracellular signaling. Focusing on Rho, high salt intake in the central nervous system increases sodium concentrations of cerebrospinal fluid in salt-sensitive subjects via Rho/Rho kinase and renin-angiotensin system activation and causes increased brain salt sensitivity and sympathetic nerve outflow in BP control centers. In vascular smooth muscle cells, Rho-guanine nucleotide exchange factors and Rho determine sensitivity to vasoconstrictors such as angiotensin II (Ang II), and facilitate vasoconstriction via G-protein and Wnt pathways, leading to increased vascular resistance, including in the renal arteries, in salt-sensitive subjects with high salt intake. In the vascular endothelium, Rho/Rho kinase inhibits nitric oxide (NO) production and function, and high salt amounts further augment Rho activity via asymmetric dimethylarginine, an endogenous inhibitor of NO synthetase, causing aberrant relaxation and increased vascular tone. Rho-associated mechanisms are deeply involved in the development of salt-sensitive hypertension, and their further elucidation can help in developing effective protection and new therapies.
Collapse
|
4
|
Osanai T, Tanaka M, Mikami K, Kitajima M, Tomisawa T, Magota K, Tomita H, Okumura K. Novel anti-aging gene NM_026333 contributes to proton-induced aging via NCX1-pathway. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2018; 125:174-184. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2018.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
5
|
Osanai T, Tanaka M, Izumiyama K, Mikami K, Kitajima M, Tomisawa T, Magota K, Tomita H, Okumura K. Intracellular protons accelerate aging and switch on aging hallmarks in mice. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:9825-9837. [PMID: 30129099 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Diet-induced metabolic acidosis is associated with the impairment of bone metabolism and an increased risk of a number of chronic noncommunicable diseases, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension. The serum bicarbonate level is an independent predictor of chronic kidney disease progression. We investigated whether proton accelerates aging by analyzing both coupling factor 6-overexpressing transgenic (TG) and high salt-fed mice which display sustained intracellular acidosis, due to enhanced proton import through ecto-F1 Fo complex and/or reduced proton export through Na+ -K+ ATPase inhibition. Both types of mice displayed shortened lifespan and early senescence-associated phenotypes such as signs of hair greying and alopecia, weight loss, and/or reduced organ mass. In chronic intracellular acidosis mice, autophagy was impaired by regression of Atg7, an increase in nuclear acetylated LC3 II, and acetylation of Atg7. The increase in histone 3 trimethylation at lysine 4 (H3K4me3) and H4K20me3 and the decrease in H3K9me3 and H3K27me3 were observed in the heart and kidney obtained from both TG and high salt-fed mice. The decrease in lamin A/C, emerin, and heterochromatin protein 1α without changes in barrier-to-autointegration factor and high-mobility group box 1 was confirmed in TG and high salt-fed mice. Suppression of nuclear histone deacetylase 3-emerin system is attributable to epigenetic regression of Atg7 and H4K5 acetylation. These findings will shed light on novel aging and impaired autophagy mechanism, and provide implications in a target for antiaging therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Osanai
- Department of Nursing Science, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health Science, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Makoto Tanaka
- Department of Hypertension and Stroke Internal Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Kei Izumiyama
- Department of Cardiology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Kasumi Mikami
- Department of Nursing Science, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health Science, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Maiko Kitajima
- Department of Nursing Science, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health Science, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Toshiko Tomisawa
- Department of Nursing Science, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health Science, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Koji Magota
- Daiichi Sankyo Co, Ltd, Biologics Technology Research Laboratories Group 1, Pharmaceutical Technology Division, Gunma, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Tomita
- Department of Cardiology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Ken Okumura
- Saiseikai Kumamoto Hospital, Division of Cardiology, Kumamoto, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Osanai T, Tanaka M, Mikami K, Kitajima M, Magota K, Tomita H, Okumura K. Mitochondrial inhibitory factor protein 1 attenuates coupling factor 6-induced aging signal. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:6194-6203. [PMID: 29575130 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Coupling factor 6 (CF6) forces a counter-clockwise rotation of plasma membrane F1 Fo complex, resulting in proton import and accelerated aging. Inhibitory factor peptide 1 (IF1) suppresses a unidirectional counter-clockwise rotation of F1 Fo complex without affecting ATP synthesis. We tested the hypothesis that IF1 may attenuate CF6-induced aging signaling in CF6-overexpressing transgenic (TG) cells. In IF1-GFP overexpressing wild type (WT) cells, the diffuse peripheral staining of tubular mitochondria was observed with a dense widely distributed network around the nucleus. In TG cells, however, the only peri-nuclear network of fragmented mitochondria was observed at 24 h, but it was developed to a widely distributed mitochondrial network of tubular mitochondria at 72 h. TG cells displayed aging hallmarks of telomere attrition, epigenetic alterations, defective proteostasis, and genomic instability with a decrease in emerin and lamin and loss of heterochromatin. IF1 induction rescued TG cells from telomere attrition, expression of genomic instability with the increase in emerin and lamin, and that of epigenetic alterations with recovery of heterochromatin. In defective proteostasis, IF1 induction restored a potent peri-nuclear staining of autolysosomes compared with the baseline weak staining. The decrease in Atg7 was restored, whereas the increase in P62 was abolished. We conclude that genetic disruption of proton signals by IF1 induction suppressed CF6-induced expression of aging hallmarks such as telomere attrition, epigenetic alterations, defective proteostasis, and genomic instability. Given the widespread biological actions of CF6, the physiological and pathological actions of IF1 may be complex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Osanai
- Department of Nursing Science, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health Science, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Makoto Tanaka
- Department of Hypertension and Stroke Internal Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Kasumi Mikami
- Department of Nursing Science, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health Science, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Maiko Kitajima
- Department of Nursing Science, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health Science, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Koji Magota
- Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Biologics Technology Research Laboratories Group1, Pharmaceutical Technology Division, 2716-1, Kurakake, Akaiwa, Chiyoda-machi, Oura-gun, Gunma, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Tomita
- Department of Cardiology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Ken Okumura
- Division of Cardiology, Saiseikai Kumamoto Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yin J, You S, Liu H, Chen L, Zhang C, Hu H, Xue M, Cheng W, Wang Y, Li X, Shi Y, Li N, Yan S, Li X. Role of P2X 7R in the development and progression of pulmonary hypertension. Respir Res 2017. [PMID: 28646872 PMCID: PMC5483271 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-017-0603-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a devastating disease that lacks sufficient treatment. Studies have shown that the Nod-like receptor family, pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome contributes to PAH pathogenesis, but the role of the upstream molecular P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) has remained unexplored. We investigated the role of P2X7R in the pathogenesis of PAH. METHODS AND RESULTS PH was induced by a single subcutaneous injection of monocrotaline (MCT) (60 mg/kg) on left pneumonectomised Sprague-Dawley rats, as validated by significant increases in pulmonary artery pressure and vessel wall thickness. Marked P2X7R was detected by predominant PA immunostaining in lungs from PH rats. Western blot revealed a significant increase in the protein levels of P2X7R as well as NLRP3 and caspase-1 in the diseased lung tissue compared with normal tissue. The rats received A-740003 (a selective P2X7 receptor antagonist, 30 mg/kg) daily starting from 1 week before or 2 weeks after MCT injection. Consequently, A-740003 reversed the NLRP3 inflammasome upregulation, significantly decreased the mean right ventricular (RV) pressure and RV hypertrophy, and reversed pulmonary arterial remodelling 4 weeks after MCT injection, as both a pretreatment and rescue intervention. Notably, A-740003 significantly reduced macrophage and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels, as measured via bronchoalveolar lavage. The recruitment of macrophages as well as collagen fibre deposition in the perivascular areas were also reduced, as confirmed by histological staining. CONCLUSIONS P2X7R contributes to the pathogenesis of PH, probably in association with activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Blockade of P2X7R might be applied as a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of PAH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yin
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, No. 16766 Jingshi Road, Lixia District, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Shuling You
- Adicon Company, Department of Pathology, Wangkai Infectious Diseases Hospital of Zaozhuang City, Zaozhuang, Shandong Province, China
| | - Haopeng Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhangqiu People Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Chengdong Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hesheng Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, No. 16766 Jingshi Road, Lixia District, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Mei Xue
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, No. 16766 Jingshi Road, Lixia District, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Wenjuan Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, No. 16766 Jingshi Road, Lixia District, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ye Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, No. 16766 Jingshi Road, Lixia District, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xinran Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, No. 16766 Jingshi Road, Lixia District, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yugen Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, No. 16766 Jingshi Road, Lixia District, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Nannan Li
- Department of Emergency, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 16766 Jingshi Road, Lixia District, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Suhua Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, No. 16766 Jingshi Road, Lixia District, Jinan, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Xiaolu Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, No. 16766 Jingshi Road, Lixia District, Jinan, Shandong Province, China. .,Department of Emergency, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Osanai T, Mikami K, Kitajima M, Urushizaka M, Kawasaki K, Tomisawa T, Itaki C, Noto Y, Magota K, Tomita H. Nutritional regulation of coupling factor 6, a novel vasoactive and proatherogenic peptide. Nutrition 2016; 37:74-78. [PMID: 28359367 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2016.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Revised: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
High sodium, high glucose, and obesity are important risk factors for age-related diseases such as cardiovascular disease (CVDs), stroke, and cancer. Coupling factor 6 (CF6) is released from vascular endothelial cells and functions as a circulating peptide that inhibits prostacyclin and nitric oxide generation by intracellular acidosis. High glucose elevates CF6 by activation of protein kinase C and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, whereas CF6 causes type 2 diabetes mellitus, resulting in a high glucose vicious cycle. Low glucose increases inhibitory factor peptide 1, an endogenous inhibitor of CF6. High salt intake increases CF6 through nuclear factor κB signaling, whereas CF6 induces salt-sensitive hypertension and salt-induced congestive heart failure. Oral administration of vitamin C cancels salt-induced increase in CF6, and estrogen replacement leads to the delayed onset of CF6-induced salt-sensitive hypertension and the rescue from cardiac systolic dysfunction. Because CF6 contributes to the onset of CVDs, nutritional regulation of CF6 will shed light on the understanding of preventive strategy and mechanisms for CVDs and a target for therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Osanai
- Department of Nursing Science, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health Science, Hirosaki, Japan.
| | - Kasumi Mikami
- Department of Nursing Science, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health Science, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Maiko Kitajima
- Department of Nursing Science, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health Science, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Mayumi Urushizaka
- Department of Nursing Science, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health Science, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Kumiko Kawasaki
- Department of Nursing Science, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health Science, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Toshiko Tomisawa
- Department of Nursing Science, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health Science, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Chieko Itaki
- Department of Nursing Science, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health Science, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Yuka Noto
- Department of Nursing Science, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health Science, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Koji Magota
- Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Biologics Technology Research Laboratories Group 1, Pharmaceutical Technology Division, Gunma, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Tomita
- Department of Cardiology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yin J, You S, Li N, Jiao S, Hu H, Xue M, Wang Y, Cheng W, Liu J, Xu M, Yan S, Li X. Lung-specific RNA interference of coupling factor 6, a novel peptide, attenuates pulmonary arterial hypertension in rats. Respir Res 2016; 17:99. [PMID: 27491388 PMCID: PMC4973057 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-016-0409-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive and life-threatening disease associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. However, the exact regulatory mechanism of PAH is unknown. Although coupling factor 6 (CF6) is known to function as a repressor, its role in PAH has not been explored. Here, we investigated the involvement of endogenous CF6 in the development of PAH. Methods PAH was induced with monocrotaline (MCT), as demonstrated by significant increases in pulmonary artery pressure and vessel wall thickness. The adeno-associated virus (AAV) carrying CF6 short hairpin RNA (shRNA) or control vector (2×1010 gp) was intratracheally transfected into the lungs of rats 2 weeks before or after MCT injection. Results A 2-6-fold increase in CF6 was observed in the lungs and circulation of the MCT-injected rats as confirmed by qRT-PCR and ELISA. Immunohistochemistry analysis revealed a small quantity of CF6 localized to endothelial cells (ECs) under physiological conditions spread to surrounding tissues in a paracrine manner in PAH lungs. Notably, CF6 shRNA effectively inhibited CF6 expression, abolished lung macrophage infiltration, reversed endothelial dysfunction and vascular remodeling, and ameliorated the severity of pulmonary hypertension and right ventricular dysfunction at 4 weeks both as a pretreatment and rescue intervention. In addition, the circulating and lung levels of 6-keto-PGF1a, a stable metabolite of prostacyclin, were reversed by CF6 inhibition, suggesting that the effect of CF6 inhibition may partly be mediated through prostacyclin. Conclusions CF6 contributes to the pathogenesis of PAH, probably in association with downregulation of prostacyclin. The blockage of CF6 might be applied as a novel therapeutic approach for PAH and PA remodeling. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12931-016-0409-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yin
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, No. 16766 Jingshi Road, Lixia District, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Shuling You
- Department of Pathology, Adicon Company, Wangkai Infectious Diseases Hospital of Zaozhuang City, Zaozhuang, Shandong, China
| | - Nannan Li
- Department of Emergency, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Shouhai Jiao
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, No. 16766 Jingshi Road, Lixia District, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hesheng Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, No. 16766 Jingshi Road, Lixia District, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Mei Xue
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, No. 16766 Jingshi Road, Lixia District, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ye Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, No. 16766 Jingshi Road, Lixia District, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Wenjuan Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, No. 16766 Jingshi Road, Lixia District, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ju Liu
- Medical Research Center, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Min Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, No. 16766 Jingshi Road, Lixia District, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Suhua Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, No. 16766 Jingshi Road, Lixia District, Jinan, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Xiaolu Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, No. 16766 Jingshi Road, Lixia District, Jinan, Shandong Province, China. .,Department of Emergency, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kawai M, Osanai T, Tanaka M, Magota K, Tomita H, Okumura K. Mitochondrial Inhibitory Factor Protein 1 Functions as an Endogenous Inhibitor for Coupling Factor 6. J Cell Biochem 2016; 117:1680-7. [PMID: 26659871 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2023]
Abstract
Coupling factor 6 (CF6) forces a counter-clockwise rotation of plasma membrane F1 Fo complex unlike a proton-mediated clockwise rotation in the mitochondria, resulting in ATP hydrolysis, proton import, and apoptosis. Inhibitory peptide 1 (IF1) inhibits a unidirectional counter-clockwise rotation of F1 Fo complex without affecting ATP synthesis by a clockwise rotation. We tested the hypothesis that IF1 may antagonize the biological action of CF6 in human embryonic kidney 293 cells. We generated mature and immature IF1 expression vectors and those labeled with GFP at the C-terminus. In the immature IF1-GFP overexpressing cells, the mitochondrial network of IF1-GFP was newly found at the plasma membrane after peripheral translocation, whereas in mature IF1-GFP transfected cells, a less punctuate rather homogenous pattern was found in the cytoplasm. IF1 protein was detected in the exosome fraction of culture media, and it was enhanced by mature or immature IF1 transfection. Extracellular ATP hydrolysis was enhanced by CF6, whereas immature or mature IF1 transfection suppressed ATP hydrolysis in response to CF6. Intracellular pH was decreased by CF6 but was unchanged after immature IF1 transfection. CF6-induced increase in apoptotic cells was blocked by immature or mature IF1, being accompanied by protein kinase B (PKB) phosphorylation. IF1 antagonizes the pro-apoptotic action of CF6 by relief of intracellular acidification and resultant phosphorylation of PKB. Given the widespread biological actions of CF6, the physiological and pathological functions of IF1 may be expected to be complex. J. Cell. Biochem. 117: 1680-1687, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Misato Kawai
- Department of Cardiology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Osanai
- Department of Health Promotion, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health Science, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Makoto Tanaka
- Department of Hypertension and Stroke Internal Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Koji Magota
- Faculty of Discovery and Biotechnology II, Asubio Pharma Co., Ltd., 6-4-3 Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Tomita
- Department of Cardiology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Ken Okumura
- Department of Cardiology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
He T, Guan A, Shi Y, Ge Z, Dai H. Mitochondrial coupling factor 6 upregulation in hypertension-induced cardiac hypertrophy. Herz 2015; 40:783-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s00059-015-4301-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Revised: 12/24/2014] [Accepted: 12/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
|
12
|
Coupling factor 6 enhances the spontaneous microaggregation of platelets by decreasing cytosolic cAMP irrespective of antiplatelet therapy. Hypertens Res 2013; 36:520-7. [PMID: 23388886 DOI: 10.1038/hr.2012.231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The spontaneous microaggregation of platelets (SMAPs) is a marker for the prognosis of patients with cardiovascular diseases. Coupling factor 6 (CF6) binds to the plasma membrane ATP synthase and functions as a pro-atherogenic molecule in the cardiovascular system. However, the role of CF6 in SMAPs and stroke remains unknown. In 650 consecutive patients, including those with acute-onset stroke, and 20 control subjects, platelet-rich plasma (PRP) was obtained, and SMAP was measured using a laser light-scattering aggregometer. The cytosolic cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) concentration in platelets was measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. CF6 increased SMAPs in patients and control subjects to a similar degree by binding to the α- and β-subunits of ATP synthase and inducing intracellular acidosis. It was abolished by PRP pretreatment with antibodies against CF6, and the α- or β-subunit of the plasma membrane ATP synthase, and the ATP synthase inhibitor efrapeptin. CF6 increased SMAPs in patient groups with and without antiplatelet therapy to a similar degree, and no difference was found among the subgroups taking aspirin, thienopyridine or cilostazol. The cytosolic cAMP concentration in platelets was decreased by CF6 in the presence of the direct adenylate cyclase activator forskolin. Pretreatment of PRP with the Gs activator cholera toxin blocked the decrease, whereas the Gi inactivator pertussis toxin and cilostazol had no influence. The CF6-induced acceleration of SMAPs was suppressed by cholera toxin but not by cilostazol or pertussis toxin. CF6 enhanced SMAPs by decreasing cytosolic cAMP. Because it was observed irrespective of antiplatelet agents, CF6 appears to be a novel target for antiplatelet therapy.
Collapse
|
13
|
de Castro Brás LE, DeLeon KY, Lindsey ML. Women are different: the role of coupling factor 6 in blood pressure regulation. Hypertens Res 2012; 35:485-6. [PMID: 22297476 DOI: 10.1038/hr.2012.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lisandra E de Castro Brás
- NHLBI Cardiovascular Proteomics Center, University of Texas Health Science Center, 15355 Lambda Drive, MC 7755, San Antonio, TX 78245, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Lavigne R, Briers Y, Hertveldt K, Robben J, Volckaert G. Identification and characterization of a highly thermostable bacteriophage lysozyme. Cell Mol Life Sci 2004; 61:2753-9. [PMID: 15549178 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-004-4301-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteriophage phiKMV is a T7-like lytic phage. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry of the structural proteins revealed gene product 36 (gp36) as part of the phiKMV phage particle. The presence of a lysozyme domain in the C terminal of this protein (gp36C) was verified by turbidimetric assays on chloroform-treated P. aeruginosa PAO1 and Escherichia coli WK6 cells. The molecular mass (20,884 Da) and pI (6.4) of recombinant gp36C were determined, as were the optimal enzymatic conditions (pH 6.0 in 16.7 mM phosphate buffer) and activity (4800 U/mg). Recombinant gp36C is a highly thermostable lysozyme, retaining 26% of its activity after 2 h at 100 degrees C and 21% after autoclaving. This thermostability could prove an interesting characteristic for food conservation technology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Lavigne
- Laboratory of Gene Technology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 21, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|