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Talevi V, Melas K, Pehlivan G, Imtiaz MA, Krüger DM, Centeno TP, Aziz NA, Fischer A, Breteler MMB. Peripheral whole blood microRNA expression in relation to vascular function: a population-based study. J Transl Med 2024; 22:670. [PMID: 39030538 PMCID: PMC11264787 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05407-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As key regulators of gene expression, microRNAs affect many cardiovascular mechanisms and have been associated with several cardiovascular diseases. In this study, we aimed to investigate the relation of whole blood microRNAs with several quantitative measurements of vascular function, and explore their biological role through an integrative microRNA-gene expression analysis. METHODS Peripheral whole blood microRNA expression was assessed through RNA-Seq in 2606 participants (45.8% men, mean age: 53.93, age range: 30 to 95 years) from the Rhineland Study, an ongoing population-based cohort study in Bonn, Germany. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis was used to cluster microRNAs with highly correlated expression levels into 14 modules. Through linear regression models, we investigated the association between each module's expression and quantitative markers of vascular health, including pulse wave velocity, total arterial compliance index, cardiac index, stroke index, systemic vascular resistance index, reactive skin hyperemia and white matter hyperintensity burden. For each module associated with at least one trait, one or more hub-microRNAs driving the association were defined. Hub-microRNAs were further characterized through mapping to putative target genes followed by gene ontology pathway analysis. RESULTS Four modules, represented by hub-microRNAs miR-320 family, miR-378 family, miR-3605-3p, miR-6747-3p, miR-6786-3p, and miR-330-5p, were associated with total arterial compliance index. Importantly, the miR-320 family module was also associated with white matter hyperintensity burden, an effect partially mediated through arterial compliance. Furthermore, hub-microRNA miR-192-5p was related to cardiac index. Functional analysis corroborated the relevance of the identified microRNAs for vascular function by revealing, among others, enrichment for pathways involved in blood vessel morphogenesis and development, angiogenesis, telomere organization and maintenance, and insulin secretion. CONCLUSIONS We identified several microRNAs robustly associated with cardiovascular function, especially arterial compliance and cardiac output. Moreover, our results highlight miR-320 as a regulator of cerebrovascular damage, partly through modulation of vascular function. As many of these microRNAs were involved in biological processes related to vasculature development and aging, our results contribute to the understanding of vascular physiology and provide putative targets for cardiovascular disease prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Talevi
- Population Health Sciences, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1, Building 99, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Konstantinos Melas
- Population Health Sciences, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1, Building 99, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Gökhan Pehlivan
- Population Health Sciences, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1, Building 99, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Mohammed A Imtiaz
- Population Health Sciences, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1, Building 99, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Dennis Manfred Krüger
- Department for Epigenetics and Systems Medicine in Neurodegenerative Diseases, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Göttingen, Germany
- Bioinformatics Unit, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Tonatiuh Pena Centeno
- Department for Epigenetics and Systems Medicine in Neurodegenerative Diseases, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Göttingen, Germany
- Bioinformatics Unit, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Göttingen, Germany
| | - N Ahmad Aziz
- Population Health Sciences, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1, Building 99, 53127, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Andre Fischer
- Department for Epigenetics and Systems Medicine in Neurodegenerative Diseases, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Göttingen, Germany
- Bioinformatics Unit, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Göttingen, Germany
- Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence "Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells" (MBExC), University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Monique M B Breteler
- Population Health Sciences, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1, Building 99, 53127, Bonn, Germany.
- Institute for Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology (IMBIE), Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
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Thomas P, Selvakumar SC, Preethi KA, Sekar D. Expression profiling of signal transducer and activator of transcription3 in oral squamous cell carcinoma in south Indian population. Minerva Dent Oral Sci 2024; 73:37-44. [PMID: 37878241 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-6329.23.04840-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is widely acknowledged as the most prevalent form of oral malignancy. The annual identification of approximately 540,000 new cases of OSCC highlights its significant impact. The survival rate beyond 5 years postsurgery remains low. The role of signal transducer and activator of transcription3 (STAT3), a signaling protein involved in various cellular processes, has garnered attention. Aberrant activation of STAT3 has been implicated in OSCC progression and aggressiveness. Understanding the impact of STAT3 dysregulation on OSCC outcomes could provide valuable insights for developing targeted therapies. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the expression levels of STAT3 in OSCC and normal tissues of the same patients. METHODS The expression levels of STAT3 in 63 OSCC samples were detected by qRT-PCR and compared to patient-matched-non-tumor oral tissues. Data were normalized to internal controls, and fold change in STAT3 expression was calculated using the ∆∆Ct method. Correlations between expression level and clinicopathologic characteristics like staging and grading of OSCC samples were also analyzed. RESULTS Our findings demonstrated that STAT3 expression was significantly upregulated (P<0.0001) in OSCC patients compared to normal control tissue. Furthermore, we also observed a positive correlation between elevated STAT3 expression and higher OSCC histological grades when compared to the normal tissue. Well differentiated OSCC showed a slightly lower expression compared to the other two grades. CONCLUSIONS Our results support the involvement of STAT3 in OSCC tumorigenesis. We propose that STAT3 might be used as a potential biomarker for OSCC. Further investigations are warranted to elucidate the mechanistic basis for the observed associations and to explore STAT3's potential as a therapeutic target in OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Thomas
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Annoor Dental College and Hospital, Muvattupuzha, India
| | - Sushmaa C Selvakumar
- RNA Biology Lab, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science (SIMATS), Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - K Auxzilia Preethi
- RNA Biology Lab, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science (SIMATS), Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Durairaj Sekar
- RNA Biology Lab, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science (SIMATS), Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha University, Chennai, India -
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Preethi KA, Selvakumar SC, Ross K, Sekar D. Therapeutic aspect of microRNA inhibition in various types of hypertension and hypertensive complications. GENE REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2022.101676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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4
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Circulating cell-free micro-RNA as biomarkers: from myocardial infarction to hypertension. Clin Sci (Lond) 2022; 136:1341-1346. [PMID: 36129059 DOI: 10.1042/cs20220056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNA (miRNA) are small, single strand non-coding RNA molecules involved in the post-transcriptional regulation of target genes. Since their discovery in 1993, over 2000 miRNAs have been identified in humans and there is growing interest in both the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of miRNA. The identification of biomarkers for human disease progression remains an active area of research, and there is a growing number of miRNA and miRNA combinations that have been linked to the development and progression of numerous cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension. In 2010, Chen et al. reported in Clinical Science that cell-free circulating miRNA could serve as novel biomarkers for acute myocardial infarction [1]. In this commentary, we expand on this topic to discuss the potential of using miRNA as biomarkers for hypertension and hypertension-related end-organ damage.
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Ghafouri-Fard S, Shirvani-Farsani Z, Hussen BM, Taheri M, Samsami M. The key roles of non-coding RNAs in the pathophysiology of hypertension. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 931:175220. [PMID: 35995213 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Hypertension is a multifactorial condition in which several genetic and environmental elements contribute. Recent investigations have revealed contribution of non-coding region of the transcriptome in this trait. CDKN2B-AS1, AK098656, MEG3, H19, PAXIP1-AS1, TUG1, GAS5, CASC2 and CPS1-IT are among long non-coding RNAs participating in the pathophysiology of hypertension. Several miRNAs have also been found to be implicated in this disorder. miR-296, miR-637, miR-296, miR-637, hsa-miR-361-5p, miR-122-5p, miR-199a-3p, miR-208a-3p, miR-423-5p, miR-223-5p and miR-140-5p are among dysregulated miRNAs in this condition whose application as diagnostic biomarkers for hypertension has been evaluated. Finally, hsa-circ-0005870, hsa_circ_0037911 and hsa_circ_0014243 are examples of dysregulated circular RNAs in hypertensive patients. In the current review, we describe the role of these non-coding RNAs in the pathophysiology of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeinab Shirvani-Farsani
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Technology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bashdar Mahmud Hussen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq; Center of Research and Strategic Studies, Lebanese French University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.
| | - Majid Samsami
- Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Biassi TP, Guerra-Shinohara EM, Moretti PNS, de Freitas Dutra V, Cabañas-Pedro AC, Mecabo G, Colleoni GWB, Figueiredo MS. miRNA profile and disease severity in patients with sickle cell anemia. Ann Hematol 2021; 101:27-34. [PMID: 34677646 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-021-04665-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Identification of biomarkers associated with severity in sickle cell anemia is desirable. Circulating serum microRNAs (miRNA) are targets studied as diagnostic or prognostic markers, but few studies have been conducted in sickle cell anemia. The purpose of this study is to identify specific signatures of miRNAs in plasma samples from sickle cell anemia patients according to severity indexes. Screening of the miRNAs expression was performed in 8 patients, classified by tricuspid regurgitation velocity (TRV) measure: 4 with TRV ≥ 2.5 m/s and 4 with TRV < 2.5 m/s. The samples were analyzed by real-time PCR using Megaplex RT Human Pool A and Pool B comprising 667 distinct miRNAs. Seventeen miRNAs were differentially expressed between the two groups (p < 0.05). Five differentially expressed miRNAs (miR15b, miR502, miR510, miR544, miR629) were selected for validation in a cohort of 52 patient samples, 26 with TRV ≥ 2.5 m/s. Another two severity scores were also used: organ injury score (OIS) and Bayesian score (BS). Univariate binary logistic regressions were performed to analyze the data. Five out of 17 differentially expressed miRNAs were selected for validation in 52 patient samples: miR15b, miR502, miR510, miR544, and miR629. Two miRNAs (miR510 and miR629) were significantly decreased in cases of greater severity. Whereas miR510 expression discriminated the patients according to TRV and OIS, miR629 expression did it according to BS. This is the first study investigating plasma miRNAs as possible biomarkers for SCA severity. Our data suggest that low levels of miR510 and miR629 expression are associated with greater SCA disease severity. Further studies are still necessary to elucidate mechanism of these miRNAs and their related proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaís Priscila Biassi
- Hematology and Blood Transfusion Division, Universidade Federal de São Paulo UNIFESP, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Valeria de Freitas Dutra
- Hematology and Blood Transfusion Division, Universidade Federal de São Paulo UNIFESP, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Grazielle Mecabo
- Hematology and Blood Transfusion Division, Universidade Federal de São Paulo UNIFESP, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Stella Figueiredo
- Hematology and Blood Transfusion Division, Universidade Federal de São Paulo UNIFESP, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Golonka RM, Cooper JK, Issa R, Devarasetty PP, Gokula V, Busken J, Zubcevic J, Hill J, Vijay-Kumar M, Menon B, Joe B. Impact of Nutritional Epigenetics in Essential Hypertension: Targeting microRNAs in the Gut-Liver Axis. Curr Hypertens Rep 2021; 23:28. [PMID: 33961141 PMCID: PMC8105193 DOI: 10.1007/s11906-021-01142-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To review the current knowledge on interactions between dietary factors and microRNAs (miRNAs) in essential hypertension (EH) pathogenesis. RECENT FINDINGS There exists an integration of maintenance signals generated by genetic, epigenetic, immune, and environmental (e.g., dietary) factors that work to sustain balance in the gut-liver axis. It is well established that an imbalance in this complex, intertwined system substantially increases the risk for EH. As such, pertinent research has been taken to decipher how each signal operates in isolation and together in EH progression. Recent literature indicates that both macro- and micronutrients interrupt regulatory miRNA expressions and thus, alter multiple cellular processes that contribute to EH and its comorbidities. We highlight how carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, salt, and potassium modify miRNA signatures during EH. The disruption in miRNA expression can negatively impact communication systems such as over activating the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, modulating the vascular smooth muscle cell phenotype, and promoting angiogenesis to favor EH. We also delineate the prognostic value of miRNAs in EH and discuss the pros and cons of surgical vs dietary prophylactic approaches in EH prevention. We propose that dietary-dependent perturbation of the miRNA profile is one mechanism within the gut-liver axis that dictates EH development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel M Golonka
- Microbiome Consortium, Center for Hypertension and Precision Medicine, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Block Health Science Bldg, 3000 Arlington Ave, Toledo, OH, 43614, USA
| | | | - Rochell Issa
- The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH, USA
| | | | - Veda Gokula
- The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Joshua Busken
- The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Jasenka Zubcevic
- Microbiome Consortium, Center for Hypertension and Precision Medicine, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Block Health Science Bldg, 3000 Arlington Ave, Toledo, OH, 43614, USA
- Department of Physiological Sciences and Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences Neuroscience, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Jennifer Hill
- Microbiome Consortium, Center for Hypertension and Precision Medicine, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Block Health Science Bldg, 3000 Arlington Ave, Toledo, OH, 43614, USA
| | - Matam Vijay-Kumar
- Microbiome Consortium, Center for Hypertension and Precision Medicine, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Block Health Science Bldg, 3000 Arlington Ave, Toledo, OH, 43614, USA
| | - Bindu Menon
- Department of Medical Education, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Room 3105B, CCE Bldg, 2920 Arlington Ave, Toledo, OH, 43614, USA.
| | - Bina Joe
- Microbiome Consortium, Center for Hypertension and Precision Medicine, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Block Health Science Bldg, 3000 Arlington Ave, Toledo, OH, 43614, USA.
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Ma J, Cao X, Chen F, Ye Q, Qin R, Cheng Y, Zhu X, Xu Y. Exosomal MicroRNAs Contribute to Cognitive Impairment in Hypertensive Patients by Decreasing Frontal Cerebrovascular Reactivity. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:614220. [PMID: 33732103 PMCID: PMC7957933 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.614220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanisms underlying cognitive impairment (CI) in hypertensive patients remain relatively unclear. The present study aimed to explore the relationship among serum exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs), cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR), and cognitive function in hypertensive patients. Seventy-three hypertensive patients with CI (HT-CI), 67 hypertensive patients with normal cognition (HT-NC), and 37 healthy controls underwent identification of exosomal miRNA, multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans, and neuropsychological tests. CVR mapping was investigated based on resting-state functional MRI data. Compared with healthy subjects and HT-NC subjects, HT-CI subjects displayed decreased serum exosomal miRNA-330-3p. The group difference of CVR was mainly found in the left frontal lobe and demonstrated that HT-CI group had a lower CVR than both HT-NC group and control group. Furthermore, both the CVR in the left medial superior frontal gyrus and the miRNA-330-3p level were significantly correlated with executive function (r = -0.275, P = 0.021, and r = -0.246, P = 0.04, respectively) in HT-CI subjects, and the CVR was significantly correlated with the miRNA-330-3p level (r = 0.246, P = 0.040). Notably, path analysis showed that the CVR mediated the association between miRNA-330-3p and executive function. In conclusion, decreased miRNA-330-3p might contribute to CI in hypertensive patients by decreasing frontal CVR and could be a biomarker of early diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyi Ma
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Neurology, Medical School, Drum Tower Hospital, Institute of Brain Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiang Cao
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Neurology, Medical School, Drum Tower Hospital, Institute of Brain Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, China.,Nanjing Neurology Clinic Medical Center, Nanjing, China
| | - Fangyu Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Neurology, Medical School, Drum Tower Hospital, Institute of Brain Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qing Ye
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Neurology, Medical School, Drum Tower Hospital, Institute of Brain Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ruomeng Qin
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Neurology, Medical School, Drum Tower Hospital, Institute of Brain Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, China
| | - Yue Cheng
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Neurology, Medical School, Drum Tower Hospital, Institute of Brain Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, China.,Nanjing Neurology Clinic Medical Center, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaolei Zhu
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Neurology, Medical School, Drum Tower Hospital, Institute of Brain Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, China.,Nanjing Neurology Clinic Medical Center, Nanjing, China
| | - Yun Xu
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Neurology, Medical School, Drum Tower Hospital, Institute of Brain Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, China.,Nanjing Neurology Clinic Medical Center, Nanjing, China
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Du F, Zhang Y, Xu Q, Teng Y, Tao M, Chen AF, Jiang R. Preeclampsia serum increases CAV1 expression and cell permeability of human renal glomerular endothelial cells via down-regulating miR-199a-5p, miR-199b-5p, miR-204. Placenta 2020; 99:141-151. [PMID: 32798766 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2020.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To gain insight into mechanisms of preeclampsia (PE)-dependent proteinuria, this study focused on whether preeclampsia serum (PES) could induce hyperpermeability in human renal glomerular endothelial cells (HRGECs) via the miRNAs-Caveolin-1 (CAV-1)-dependent pathway. METHODS Bioinformatics approach was used to identify miRNAs targeting CAV1. Normal pregnancy serum (NPS) and severe PES were used to treat HRGECs monolayer to demonstrate if PES could induce the expression of identified miRNAs. A luciferase reporter assay was used to determine whether CAV1 was a direct target of miR-199a-5p, miR-199b-5p, and miR-204. The relationship between the expression of miR-199a-5p, miR-199b-5p, miR-204, and CAV1 in HRGECs was determined using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot. The gain-of-function and loss-of-function experiments were performed on HRGECs to investigate the effects of miR-199a-5p, miR-199b-5p, miR-204 on HRGECs permeability. RESULTS We identified that CAV1 3'UTR has putative binding sites for miR-199a-5p, miR-199b-5p, and miR-204, whereas miR-199a-5p does not appear to be a direct regulator of CAV1. We detected that PE serum downregulated the expression of miR-199a-5p, miR-199b-5p and miR-204, increased expression of CAV1 and increased cell monolayer permeability in HRGECs. The level of CAV1 and permeability decreased when miR-199b-5p or miR-204, but not miR-199a-5p, were overexpressed. DISCUSSION miR-199b-5p and miR-204 may play a role in PES-induced increasing permeability of HRGECs by regulating CAV1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Du
- Obstetric Intensive Care Center, The Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Ye Zhang
- Obstetric Intensive Care Center, The Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Qinyang Xu
- Obstetric Intensive Care Center, The Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yincheng Teng
- Obstetric Intensive Care Center, The Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Minfang Tao
- Obstetric Intensive Care Center, The Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Alex F Chen
- Department of Surgery, McGowan Institute of Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Rongzhen Jiang
- Obstetric Intensive Care Center, The Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China.
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Decoding the functional role of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in hypertension progression. Hypertens Res 2020; 43:724-725. [DOI: 10.1038/s41440-020-0430-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Bai L, Li J, Panagal M, M B, Sekar D. Methylation dependent microRNA 1285-5p and sterol carrier proteins 2 in type 2 diabetes mellitus. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 47:3417-3422. [PMID: 31407919 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2019.1652625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the severe metabolic diseases found in all types of people's lives in lower, middle and high income countries. It is suggested that the prevalence of diabetes is increasing in many countries and most of the cases are type 2 DM, clinical treatments are changing now to manage type 2 DM, however, up-to-date, there is no diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic target for type 2 DM. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) is one of a non-protein coding RNAs that have been regulating a wide range cellular processes and induce the development of many diseases. Most of the researchers concluded that miRNAs involvement is an important process in a broad range of signaling pathways such as cell proliferation, stem cell maintenance, migration, apoptosis and gene or protein expressions. Expressed sequence tags (ESTs) are the best source of coding and non-coding sequences for the identification of miRNAs. Although DNA methylation is an important mechanism for miRNAs up-regulation, this has not been highly explored in type 2 DM. The present study is useful to elucidate the molecular mechanism of MiR-1285-5p in type 2 DM and its role in disease progression and we discovered miR-1285 as a novel prognostic, diagnostic and therapeutic target for type 2 DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lian Bai
- a Department of General Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University , Jinan , Shandong Province , P. R. China
| | - Junwu Li
- b Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jinan Jigang Hospital , Jinan , Shandong Province , P. R. China
| | - Mani Panagal
- c Department of Biotechnology, Annai College of Arts and Science , Kumbakonam , Tamil Nadu , India
| | - Biruntha M
- d Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University , Karaikudi , Tamil Nadu , India
| | - Durairaj Sekar
- e Dental Research Cell (DRC), Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science (SIMATS), Saveetha University , Chennai , India
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Soler-Botija C, Gálvez-Montón C, Bayés-Genís A. Epigenetic Biomarkers in Cardiovascular Diseases. Front Genet 2019; 10:950. [PMID: 31649728 PMCID: PMC6795132 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the number one cause of death worldwide and greatly impact quality of life and medical costs. Enormous effort has been made in research to obtain new tools for efficient and quick diagnosis and predicting the prognosis of these diseases. Discoveries of epigenetic mechanisms have related several pathologies, including cardiovascular diseases, to epigenetic dysregulation. This has implications on disease progression and is the basis for new preventive strategies. Advances in methodology and big data analysis have identified novel mechanisms and targets involved in numerous diseases, allowing more individualized epigenetic maps for personalized diagnosis and treatment. This paves the way for what is called pharmacoepigenetics, which predicts the drug response and develops a tailored therapy based on differences in the epigenetic basis of each patient. Similarly, epigenetic biomarkers have emerged as a promising instrument for the consistent diagnosis and prognosis of cardiovascular diseases. Their good accessibility and feasible methods of detection make them suitable for use in clinical practice. However, multicenter studies with a large sample population are required to determine with certainty which epigenetic biomarkers are reliable for clinical routine. Therefore, this review focuses on current discoveries regarding epigenetic biomarkers and its controversy aiming to improve the diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy in cardiovascular patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Soler-Botija
- Heart Failure and Cardiac Regeneration (ICREC) Research Program, Health Science Research Institute Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Spain
- CIBERCV, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carolina Gálvez-Montón
- Heart Failure and Cardiac Regeneration (ICREC) Research Program, Health Science Research Institute Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Spain
- CIBERCV, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antoni Bayés-Genís
- Heart Failure and Cardiac Regeneration (ICREC) Research Program, Health Science Research Institute Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Spain
- CIBERCV, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Cardiology Service, HUGTiP, Badalona, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Barcelona Autonomous University (UAB), Badalona, Spain
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Affiliation(s)
- Amela Jusic
- From the Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina (A.J.)
| | - Yvan Devaux
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Luxembourg Institute of Health (Y.D.)
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Circular RNA: a new biomarker for different types of hypertension. Hypertens Res 2019; 42:1824-1825. [PMID: 31316171 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-019-0302-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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15
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Liu Y, Li J, Li M, Li F, Shao Y, Wu L. microRNA-510-5p promotes thyroid cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion through suppressing SNHG15. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:11738-11744. [PMID: 30790329 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
SNHG15 has been suggested to be correlated with clinical progression and prognosis, and function as tumor suppressive long noncoding RNA in thyroid cancer at our previous study. SNHG15 was proposed to be a potential target for miR-510-5p at LncBase Predicted database. Thus, the aim of this study was to explore the relationship between miR-510-5p and SNHG15 in thyroid cancer, and the clinical significance of miR-510-5p in patients with thyroid cancer. In our results, levels of miR-510-5p expression were increased in thyroid cancer tissues and cell lines compared with adjacent normal thyroid tissues and normal thyroid cell line, respectively. There was a statistically negative correlation between SNHG15 expression and miR-510-5p expression in thyroid cancer tissues. Moreover, miR-510-5p directly bound to SNHG15, and negatively regulated SNHG15 expression in thyroid cancer cells. Furthermore, miR-510-5p promoted thyroid cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion through suppressing SNHG15. Finally, high miR-510-5p expression was observed in tumor tissues with advanced clinical stage or lymph node metastasis. In conclusion, we provide evidence to support a pivotal role for miR-510-5p in regulating thyroid cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongcun Liu
- Department of Oncology, The First People's Hospital of Xianyang, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Junli Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First People's Hospital of Xianyang, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Meng Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuan Shao
- Department of ENT, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Liping Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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Zaiou M. Circular RNAs in hypertension: challenges and clinical promise. Hypertens Res 2019; 42:1653-1663. [PMID: 31239534 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-019-0294-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Hypertension (HT), or high blood pressure (BP), is a chronic disease that is common among populations worldwide. The occurrence of HT is one of the leading causes of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in adults. Although multiple studies have stressed the multifactorial and multigenic nature of HT, uncertainties about its etiology persist, and current diagnostic biomarkers can explain only a small part of the phenotypic variance of BP. Hence, the search for novel biomarkers that enable early disease prevention and guided therapy is warranted. Regulatory circRNAs have emerged as the newest player in HT-related gene networks and hold promise for improving the accuracy of diagnosis. These RNAs are genome products that are formed through back-splicing of specific regions of pre-mRNAs. Evidence suggests that these RNA species are involved in various metabolic diseases. Recent studies have revealed that aberrant expression of circRNAs is relevant to the occurrence and development of HT. Accordingly, circRNAs are proposed as a new generation of predictive biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets for different forms of HT, including pulmonary hypertension and preeclampsia. This paper presents an overview of the findings from current research focusing on the emerging role of circRNAs in the pathogenesis of hypertension. Furthermore, some of the challenges encountered by circRNA studies are highlighted, and perspectives are provided on the future of research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Zaiou
- University of Lorraine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 7 Avenue de la Foret de Haye, BP 90170, 54505, Vandoeuvre les Nancy Cedex, France.
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Sekar D, Lakshmanan G, Mani P, Biruntha M. Methylation-dependent circulating microRNA 510 in preeclampsia patients. Hypertens Res 2019; 42:1647-1648. [PMID: 31114031 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-019-0269-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Durairaj Sekar
- Dental Research Cell (DRC-BRULAC), Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, 600077, India.
| | - Ganesh Lakshmanan
- Department of Anatomy, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, 600077, India
| | - Panagal Mani
- Department of Biotechnology, Annai College of Arts and Science, Kumbakonam, Tamil Nadu, 612001, India
| | - M Biruntha
- Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, 630003, India
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Arif M, Sadayappan S, Becker RC, Martin LJ, Urbina EM. Epigenetic modification: a regulatory mechanism in essential hypertension. Hypertens Res 2019; 42:1099-1113. [PMID: 30867575 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-019-0248-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Essential hypertension (EH) is a multifactorial disease of the cardiovascular system that is influenced by the interplay of genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. The molecular dynamics underlying EH etiopathogenesis is unknown; however, earlier studies have revealed EH-associated genetic variants. Nevertheless, this finding alone is not sufficient to explain the variability in blood pressure, suggesting that other risk factors are involved, such as epigenetic modifications. Therefore, this review highlights the potential contribution of well-defined epigenetic mechanisms in EH, specifically, DNA methylation, post-translational histone modifications, and microRNAs. We further emphasize global and gene-specific DNA methylation as one of the most well-studied hallmarks among all epigenetic modifications in EH. In addition, post-translational histone modifications, such as methylation, acetylation, and phosphorylation, are described as important epigenetic markers associated with EH. Finally, we discuss microRNAs that affect blood pressure by regulating master genes such as those implicated in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. These epigenetic modifications, which appear to contribute to various cardiovascular diseases, including EH, may be a promising research area for the development of novel future strategies for EH prevention and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Arif
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Heart, Lung and Vascular Institute, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA.,Division of Preventive Cardiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Sakthivel Sadayappan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Heart, Lung and Vascular Institute, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - Richard C Becker
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Heart, Lung and Vascular Institute, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - Lisa J Martin
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Elaine M Urbina
- Division of Preventive Cardiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA.
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Dissecting the role of miR-21 in different types of stroke. Gene 2019; 681:69-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.09.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Gengze Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, P.R. China
| | - Pedro A. Jose
- Division of Renal Disease & Hypertension, Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology/Physiology.The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC
| | - Chunyu Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, P.R. China
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21
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Sun L, Li W, Lei F, Li X. The regulatory role of microRNAs in angiogenesis-related diseases. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:4568-4587. [PMID: 29956461 PMCID: PMC6156236 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression at a post-transcriptional level via either the degradation or translational repression of a target mRNA. They play an irreplaceable role in angiogenesis by regulating the proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, migration and tube formation of angiogenesis-related cells, which are indispensable for multitudinous physiological and pathological processes, especially for the occurrence and development of vascular diseases. Imbalance between the regulation of miRNAs and angiogenesis may cause many diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, aneurysm, Kawasaki disease, aortic dissection, phlebothrombosis and diabetic microvascular complication. Therefore, it is important to explore the essential role of miRNAs in angiogenesis, which might help to uncover new and effective therapeutic strategies for vascular diseases. This review focuses on the interactions between miRNAs and angiogenesis, and miRNA-based biomarkers in the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of angiogenesis-related diseases, providing an update on the understanding of the clinical value of miRNAs in targeting angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li‐Li Sun
- Department of Vascular Surgerythe Affiliated Drum Tower HospitalNanjing University Medical SchoolNanjingChina
- Department of Vascular Surgerythe Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Wen‐Dong Li
- Department of Vascular Surgerythe Affiliated Drum Tower HospitalNanjing University Medical SchoolNanjingChina
| | - Feng‐Rui Lei
- Department of Vascular Surgerythe Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Xiao‐Qiang Li
- Department of Vascular Surgerythe Affiliated Drum Tower HospitalNanjing University Medical SchoolNanjingChina
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Comment on the potential role of microRNAs in hypertension. J Hum Hypertens 2018; 32:639-640. [DOI: 10.1038/s41371-018-0104-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Li X, Wei Y, Wang Z. microRNA-21 and hypertension. Hypertens Res 2018; 41:649-661. [PMID: 29973661 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-018-0071-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2017] [Revised: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hypertension, a multifactorial disease, is a major risk factor for the development of stroke, coronary artery disease, heart failure, and chronic renal failure. However, its underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms remain largely elusive. Numerous studies have shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in a variety of cellular processes, including cellular proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, and the development of diseases. microRNA-21 (miR-21), a conserved single-stranded non-coding RNA that is composed of approximately 22 nucleotides, is one of the most intensively studied miRNAs in recent years, and it can regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. miR-21 is expressed in many kinds of tumors and in the cardiovascular system, and it plays an important role in the occurrence and development of cardiovascular diseases. In recent years, more and more evidence indicates that miR-21 plays an important role in hypertension. This article reviews the source, function, and altered levels of miR-21 in hypertension and the role of miR-21 in the pathogenesis of hypertension and target organ damage (TOD). The potential role of miR-21 as a new target for predicting and treating hypertension is also explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Li
- Department of Hypertension, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100029, Beijing, China
| | - Yongxiang Wei
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100029, Beijing, China.
| | - Zuoguang Wang
- Department of Hypertension, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung, Blood Vessel Diseases, 100029, Beijing, China.
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Priyanka P, Panagal M, Sivakumar P, Gopinath V, R A, M K, Paramasivam S, S.R SK, Sekar D. Identification, expression, and methylation of miR-7110 and its involvement in type 1 diabetes mellitus. GENE REPORTS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2018.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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25
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Panagal M, S. R. SK, P. S, M. B, M. K, Gopinathe V, Sivakumare P, Sekar D. MicroRNA21 and the various types of myeloid leukemia. Cancer Gene Ther 2018; 25:161-166. [DOI: 10.1038/s41417-018-0025-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Leimena C, Qiu H. Non-Coding RNA in the Pathogenesis, Progression and Treatment of Hypertension. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E927. [PMID: 29561765 PMCID: PMC5979335 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19040927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is a complex, multifactorial disease that involves the coexistence of multiple risk factors, environmental factors and physiological systems. The complexities extend to the treatment and management of hypertension, which are still the pursuit of many researchers. In the last two decades, various genes have emerged as possible biomarkers and have become the target for investigations of specialized drug design based on its risk factors and the primary cause. Owing to the growing technology of microarrays and next-generation sequencing, the non-protein-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have increasingly gained attention, and their status of redundancy has flipped to importance in normal cellular processes, as well as in disease progression. The ncRNA molecules make up a significant portion of the human genome, and their role in diseases continues to be uncovered. Specifically, the cellular role of these ncRNAs has played a part in the pathogenesis of hypertension and its progression to heart failure. This review explores the function of the ncRNAs, their types and biology, the current update of their association with hypertension pathology and the potential new therapeutic regime for hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiana Leimena
- Department of Basic Sciences, Physiological Division, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92324, USA.
| | - Hongyu Qiu
- Department of Basic Sciences, Physiological Division, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92324, USA.
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Abstract
Hypertension (HTN) is a chronic medical condition that commonly affects the aging population worldwide. The prevalence of HTN is increasing in developing countries and is one of the leading causes of death in older individuals. HTN results from a complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors. Besides, HTN can result in various other health complications such as stroke and chronic kidney diseases, if not treated. Although various studies have explained the underlying mechanisms in the pathogenesis of HTN, limited information is available on their biomarkers. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are RNA molecules that have been recognized as key regulators for HTN. miR-21 is a common microRNA that is has been reported to be significantly upregulated in HTN individuals. Hence, miR-21 can be a potential therapeutic target for HTN. The number of studies related to miR-21 on hypertension is limited. Therefore, the main thrust of this paper is to provide an overview of the current clinical evidence and significance of miR-21 in HTN.
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