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Li M, Zhao Y, Zhang B, Wang X, Zhao T, Zhao T, Ren W. Hyperglycemia remission after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass: Implicated to altered monocyte inflammatory response in type 2 diabetes rats. Peptides 2022; 158:170895. [PMID: 36240981 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2022.170895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Hyperglycemia remission by metabolic surgery is implicated in the resolution of low-grade inflammation in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, whether this beneficial effect of metabolic surgery is related to improving monocyte inflammatory response remains undefined. This investigation is addressed to evaluate this relationship. For this purpose, T2DM rats were subjected to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and/or monocyte depletion or splenic sympathetic denervation. Fasting blood glucose (FBG), plasma tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) were measured, and monocyte inflammatory response was assessed in vitro. The data showed that RYGB significantly reduced lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced release of TNF-α and IL-1β from peripheral monocytes while alleviating hyperglycemia and reducing plasma TNF-α and IL-1β levels. Hyperglycemia resulting from monocyte depletion by injection of clodronate liposomes resolved one week earlier than vehicle control after RYGB. Splenic denervation abrogated the glucose-lowering effect and decreased LPS-stimulated TNF-α and IL-1β release from monocytes following RYGB. Overall, our results reveal that a marked reduction of monocyte inflammatory response after RYGB contributes to hyperglycemia remission in T2DM rats. The beneficial effect of RYGB is mediated through vagal-spleen axis anti-inflammatory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxia Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, China
| | - Yifeng Zhao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tumor Surgery, The First Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, China
| | - Bingjie Zhang
- Internal Medicine of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Hospital of Zhangjiakou, Zhangjiakou 075000, China
| | - Xiaofang Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, China
| | - Ting Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, China
| | - Tiejun Zhao
- College of Medical Biochemistry, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, China
| | - Weidong Ren
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, China.
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Ben Khalaf N, Al-Mashoor W, Saeed A, Raslan W, Bakheit H, Abdulhadi A, Marouani A, Taha S, Bakhiet M, Fathallah MD. Knocking down Israa, the Zmiz1 intron-nested gene, unveils interrelated T cell activation functions in mouse. Biochem Biophys Rep 2021; 27:101100. [PMID: 34409174 PMCID: PMC8361231 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2021.101100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously reported Israa (immune-system-released activating agent), a novel gene nested in intron 6 of the mouse Zmiz1 gene. Zmiz1 is involved in several functions such as fertility and T cell development and its knockout leads to non-viable embryos. We also reported ISRAA's expression in lymphoid organs, particularly in the thymus CD3+ T cells during all developmental stages. In addition, we showed that ISRAA is a binding partner of Fyn and Elf-1 and regulates the expression of T cell activation-related genes in vitro. In this paper, we report the generation and characterization of an Israa -/- constitutive knockout mouse. The histological study shows that Israa -/- mice exhibit thymus and spleen hyperplasia. Israa -/- derived T cells showed increased proliferation compared to the wild-type mice T cells. Moreover, gene expression analysis revealed a set of differentially expressed genes in the knockout and wild-type animals during thymus development (mostly genes of T cell activation pathways). Immunological phenotyping of the thymocytes and splenocytes of Israa -/- showed no difference with those of the wild-type. Moreover, we observed that knocking out the Zmiz1 intron embedded Israa gene does not affect mice fertility, thus does not disturb this Zmiz1 function. The characterization of the Israa -/- mouse confirms the role ISRAA plays in the expression regulation of genes involved in T cell activation established in vitro. Taken together, our findings point toward a potential functional interrelation between the intron nested Israa gene and the Zmiz1 host gene in regulating T cell activation. This constitutively Israa -/- mice can be a good model to study T cell activation and to investigate the relationship between host and intron-nested genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noureddine Ben Khalaf
- Department of Life Sciences, Health Biotechnology Program, College of Graduates Studies. Arabian Gulf University. Manama, Bahrain
| | - Wedad Al-Mashoor
- Department of Life Sciences, Health Biotechnology Program, College of Graduates Studies. Arabian Gulf University. Manama, Bahrain
| | - Azhar Saeed
- Department of Life Sciences, Health Biotechnology Program, College of Graduates Studies. Arabian Gulf University. Manama, Bahrain
| | - Wassim Raslan
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Aramco Health Care, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Halla Bakheit
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Princess Al-Jawhara Center for Genetics and Inherited Diseases, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Bahrain
| | - Ameera Abdulhadi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Princess Al-Jawhara Center for Genetics and Inherited Diseases, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Bahrain
| | - Ammar Marouani
- Animal Facility, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Bahrain
| | - Safa Taha
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Princess Al-Jawhara Center for Genetics and Inherited Diseases, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Bahrain
| | - Moiz Bakhiet
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Princess Al-Jawhara Center for Genetics and Inherited Diseases, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Bahrain
| | - M Dahmani Fathallah
- Department of Life Sciences, Health Biotechnology Program, College of Graduates Studies. Arabian Gulf University. Manama, Bahrain
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Al-Awadi AMI, AlJawder AI, Mousa A, Taha S, Bakhiet M. A role for the immune system-released activating agent (ISRAA) in the ontogenetic development of brain astrocytes. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0248455. [PMID: 33970944 PMCID: PMC8109834 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The Immune System-Released Activating Agent (ISRAA) was discovered as a novel molecule that functions as a mediator between the nervous and immune systems in response to a nervous stimulus following an immune challenge. This research investigated the role of ISRAA) in promoting the ontogeny of the mouse brain astrocytes. Astrocyte cultures were prepared from two-month-old BALB/c mice. Recombinant ISRAA protein was used to stimulate astrocyte cultures. Immunohistochemistry and ELISA were utilized to measure ISRAA and IFN-γ levels, IFN-γR expression and STAT1 nuclear translocation. MTT-assay was used to evaluate cellular survival and proliferation. To assess astrocyte cell lysates and tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins, SDS-PAGE and western blot were used. ISRAA was highly expressed in mouse embryonic astrocytes, depending on cell age. Astrocytes aged seven days (E7) showed increased proliferation and diminished differentiation, while 21-day-old (E21) astrocytes depicted reversed effects. IFN-γ was involved in the ISRAA action as ISRAA induced IFN-γ in both age groups, but only E21 astrocytes expressed IFN-γR. ISRAA stimulation of E21 resulted in tyrosine phosphorylation of numerous cellular proteins and the nuclear translocation of STAT1, a signalling pathway utilized by IFN-γ. The results suggest that ISRAA is involved in mouse brain development through the cytokine network involving IFN-γ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aminah M. I. Al-Awadi
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Abdulaziz Isa AlJawder
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain
| | - Alyaa Mousa
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Safa Taha
- Department of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Princess Al Jawhara Center for Molecular Medicine, Genetics and Inherited Diseases, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain
| | - Moiz Bakhiet
- Department of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Princess Al Jawhara Center for Molecular Medicine, Genetics and Inherited Diseases, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain
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Ben Khalaf N, Al-Mashoor W, Saeed A, Al-Mehatab D, Taha S, Bakhiet M, Fathallah MD. The mouse intron-nested gene, Israa, is expressed in the lymphoid organs and involved in T-cell activation and signaling. Mol Immunol 2019; 111:209-219. [PMID: 31096062 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2019.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2018] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
We have previously reported Israa, immune-system-released activating agent, as a novel gene nested in intron 8 of the mouse Zmiz1 gene. We have also shown that Israa encodes for a novel FYN-binding protein and might be involved in the regulation of T-cell activation. In this report, we demonstrate that Israa gene product regulates the expression of a pool of genes involved in T-cell activation and signaling. Real time PCR and GFP knock-in expression analysis showed that Israa is transcribed and expressed in the spleen mainly by CD3+CD8+ cells as well as in the thymus by CD3+ (DP and DN), CD4+SP and CD8+SP cells at different developmental stages. We also showed that Israa is downregulated in T-cells following activation of T-cell receptor. Using yeast two-hybrid analysis, we identified ELF1, a transcription factor involved in T-cell regulation, as an ISRAA-binding partner. Transcriptomic analysis of an EL4 cell line overexpressing ISRAA revealed differential expression of several genes involved in T-cell signaling, activation and development. Among these genes, Prkcb, Mib2, Fos, Ndfip2, Cxxc5, B2m, Gata3 and Cd247 were upregulated whereas Itk, Socs3, Tigit, Ifng, Il2ra and FoxJ1 were downregulated. Our findings support the existence in mouse of a novel FYN-related T-cell regulation pathway involving the product of an intron-nested gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noureddine Ben Khalaf
- Department of Life Sciences, Health Biotechnology Program, College of Graduates Studies, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain
| | - Wedad Al-Mashoor
- Department of Life Sciences, Health Biotechnology Program, College of Graduates Studies, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain
| | - Azhar Saeed
- University of Michigan Medical School, MI, USA
| | - Dalal Al-Mehatab
- Department of Life Sciences, Health Biotechnology Program, College of Graduates Studies, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain
| | - Safa Taha
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Princess Al-Jawhara Center for Genetics and Inherited Diseases, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Bahrain
| | - Moiz Bakhiet
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Princess Al-Jawhara Center for Genetics and Inherited Diseases, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Bahrain
| | - M Dahmani Fathallah
- Department of Life Sciences, Health Biotechnology Program, College of Graduates Studies, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain.
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She Y, Huang Q, Li D, Piao X. Effects of proteinate complex zinc on growth performance, hepatic and splenic trace elements concentrations, antioxidative function and immune functions in weaned piglets. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2017; 30:1160-1167. [PMID: 28111434 PMCID: PMC5494490 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.16.0867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Revised: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Objective To assess the effects of proteinate complex zinc (PC-Zn) on growth performance, antioxidative function, trace element concentrations and immune function in weaned piglets. Methods Three hundred newly weaned barrows (Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire), 28 days of age, were randomly allotted to 3 dietary groups of 5 replicate pens per group for 4 weeks of feeding. Experimental diets were: i) zinc deficient diet (ZnD, 24 mg/kg Zn supplementation from ZnSO4), ii) inorganic Zn diet supplemented with 120 mg/kg of Zn from Zn sulfate (ZnSO4), and iii) organic Zn diet supplemented with 120 mg/kg of Zn from PC-Zn. The body weight of pigs were recorded at the beginning, at the middle and at the end of the experiment, and the amount of feed supplied each day was recorded. Five barrows from each dietary treatment group were selected to be anesthetized and euthanized at the end of the trial to determine the Zn, Cu, Fe, and Mn concentrations, the hepatic metallothionein content, the levels of methane dicarboxylic aldehyde (MDA), Mn, and Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in the spleen, the levels of interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-10, interferon (IFN)-γ, CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ T lymphocyte. Results The accumulation of Zn in the spleen, levels of SOD, GSH-Px, IL-4, IL-10, the proportions of CD3+ and CD4+ T lymphocyte, and the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ T lymphocyte were increased by organic Zn supplementation compared to ZnD, while the levels of MDA, IFN-γ, and proportion of CD8+ T lymphocyte were lowered. Conclusion These findings indicate that Zn can improve the antioxidant potential and immune functions of weaned piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue She
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture Feed Industry Centre, ALLTECH-MAFIC Research Alliance, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qiang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture Feed Industry Centre, ALLTECH-MAFIC Research Alliance, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Defa Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture Feed Industry Centre, ALLTECH-MAFIC Research Alliance, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiangshu Piao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture Feed Industry Centre, ALLTECH-MAFIC Research Alliance, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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Ben Khalaf N, Taha S, Bakhiet M, Fathallah MD. A Central Nervous System-Dependent Intron-Embedded Gene Encodes a Novel Murine Fyn Binding Protein. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0149612. [PMID: 26901312 PMCID: PMC4762778 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0149612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The interplay between the nervous and immune systems is gradually being unraveled. We previously reported in the mouse the novel soluble immune system factor ISRAA, whose activation in the spleen is central nervous system-dependent. We also showed that ISRAA plays a role in modulating anti-infection immunity. Herein, we report the genomic description of the israa locus, along with some insights into the structure-function relationship of the protein. Our findings revealed that israa is nested within intron 6 of the mouse zmiz1 gene. Protein sequence analysis revealed a typical SH2 binding motif (Y102TEV), with Fyn being the most likely binding partner. Docking simulation showed a favorable conformation for the ISRAA-Fyn complex, with a specific binding mode for the binding of the YTEV motif to the SH2 domain. Experimental studies showed that in vitro, recombinant ISRAA is phosphorylated by Fyn at tyrosine 102. Cell transfection and pull-down experiments revealed Fyn as a binding partner of ISRAA in the EL4 mouse T-cell line. Indeed, we demonstrated that ISRAA downregulates T-cell activation and the phosphorylation of an activation tyrosine (Y416) of Src-family kinases in mouse splenocytes. Our observations highlight ISRAA as a novel Fyn binding protein that is likely to be involved in a signaling pathway driven by the nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noureddine Ben Khalaf
- College of Postgraduate Studies, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain
- HH Al-Jawhara Centre for Molecular Medicine and Inherited Diseases, Manama, Bahrain
| | - Safa Taha
- HH Al-Jawhara Centre for Molecular Medicine and Inherited Diseases, Manama, Bahrain
| | - Moiz Bakhiet
- HH Al-Jawhara Centre for Molecular Medicine and Inherited Diseases, Manama, Bahrain
| | - M. Dahmani Fathallah
- College of Postgraduate Studies, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain
- * E-mail:
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7
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Elhannan S, Taha S, Ben Khalaf N, Bakheit H, Fathallah MD, Bakhiet M. Induction of dissociated cytokine profiles by ISRAA with selective critical involvement of ERK1/2 in its signaling functions. Int J Mol Med 2015; 36:1583-92. [PMID: 26499109 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2015.2376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The immune system-released activating agent (ISRAA) is an immune mediator activated as a result of a nerve stimulus initiated by immune challenge. We have previously demonstrated that ISRAA and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor 1 (TNFR1) share an interspecies-conserved motif (72% homology) that induces the apoptosis and proliferation of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMCs) in a dose-dependent manner. In the present study, cytokine profiles were examined in response to the stimulation of hPBMCs with ISRAA. Furthermore, the signaling pathways induced by ISRAA were mapped. The results revealed high measurable levels of TNF-α, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-10 and interferon (IFN)-γ, but not IL-4, IL-17 (IL-17A) or transforming growth factor (TGF)-β. The analysis of signaling pathways revealed the activation of extracellular-regulated protein kinase (ERK)1/2 as a downstream signal in the mitogen‑activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway during TNF‑α and IL-6 production and apoptosis, but not during proliferation following stimulation with ISRAA by triggering the Fas-associated protein with death domain (FADD). STAT3 was found to be unphosphorylated in the ISRAA‑stimulated hPBMCs, and STAT3 was ubiquitously expressed in unstimulated cells, suggesting that ISRAA has a protein inhibitor of activated STAT (PIAS)-like activity, by functioning as a negative regulator of the effects of STAT3 on the Janus kinase (JAK)/STAT pathway. The determination of the nature of cytokine responses together with the signaling pathways of cellular activity induced by ISRAA paves the way for the investigation of a potential target of ISRAA and for the development of novel therapeutic approaches for the treatment of immune-regulated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Elhannan
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Princess Al‑Jawhara Center for Genetics and Inherited Diseases, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain
| | - Safa Taha
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Princess Al‑Jawhara Center for Genetics and Inherited Diseases, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain
| | - Noureddine Ben Khalaf
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Princess Al‑Jawhara Center for Genetics and Inherited Diseases, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain
| | - Halla Bakheit
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Princess Al‑Jawhara Center for Genetics and Inherited Diseases, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain
| | - M Dahmani Fathallah
- Biotechnology Program, College of Graduate Studies, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain
| | - Moiz Bakhiet
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Princess Al‑Jawhara Center for Genetics and Inherited Diseases, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain
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8
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Taha S, Fathallah MD, Bakhiet M. An interspecies conserved motif of the mouse immune system-released activating agent (ISRAA) induces proliferative effects on human cells. Mol Med Rep 2014; 10:75-81. [PMID: 24821660 PMCID: PMC4068725 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.2225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2013] [Accepted: 03/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We have recently described an immune system-released activating agent (ISRAA) as a nervous system-induced factor that stimulates immune responses in the mouse spleen. However, the human ISRAA has not yet been identified. In this study, we examined the effects of the mouse ISRAA protein on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), to observe if the biological activity of this molecule is consistent between the two different species. Mouse ISRAA demonstrated dose-dependent dualistic effects on human cells, as 5 µg exhibited positive apoptosis and 50 pg exhibited significant proliferation (P<0.05). Furthermore, immunosuppressed cells from patients undergoing immunosuppressive therapy demonstrated significant proliferation to 50 pg ISRAA (P<0.05). Studies to compare sequences in different species revealed a preserved motif, exhibiting 72% similarity with the interspecies conserved signal peptide motif of tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1). A mutant ISRAA lacking this motif was produced and tested for its biological effects. The mutant ISRAA demonstrated neither apoptotic nor proliferative effects compared with wild type. Therefore, an interspecies conserved domain of ISRAA constitutes the active site of the molecule, and its effects on immunocompromised cells should be investigated for future therapies in the treatment of immunosuppressive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safa Taha
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Princess Al-Jawhara Center for Genetics and Inherited Diseases, Arabian Gulf University, Manama 26671, Bahrain
| | | | - Moiz Bakhiet
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Princess Al-Jawhara Center for Genetics and Inherited Diseases, Arabian Gulf University, Manama 26671, Bahrain
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Ming X, Rajapakse AG, Yepuri G, Xiong Y, Carvas JM, Ruffieux J, Scerri I, Wu Z, Popp K, Li J, Sartori C, Scherrer U, Kwak BR, Montani J, Yang Z. Arginase II Promotes Macrophage Inflammatory Responses Through Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species, Contributing to Insulin Resistance and Atherogenesis. J Am Heart Assoc 2012; 1:e000992. [PMID: 23130157 PMCID: PMC3487353 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.112.000992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2012] [Accepted: 06/08/2012] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Macrophage-mediated chronic inflammation is mechanistically linked to insulin resistance and atherosclerosis. Although arginase I is considered antiinflammatory, the role of arginase II (Arg-II) in macrophage function remains elusive. This study characterizes the role of Arg-II in macrophage inflammatory responses and its impact on obesity-linked type II diabetes mellitus and atherosclerosis. METHODS AND RESULTS In human monocytes, silencing Arg-II decreases the monocytes' adhesion to endothelial cells and their production of proinflammatory mediators stimulated by oxidized low-density lipoprotein or lipopolysaccharides, as evaluated by real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Macrophages differentiated from bone marrow cells of Arg-II-deficient (Arg-II(-/-)) mice express lower levels of lipopolysaccharide-induced proinflammatory mediators than do macrophages of wild-type mice. Importantly, reintroducing Arg-II cDNA into Arg-II(-/-) macrophages restores the inflammatory responses, with concomitant enhancement of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species. Scavenging of reactive oxygen species by N-acetylcysteine prevents the Arg-II-mediated inflammatory responses. Moreover, high-fat diet-induced infiltration of macrophages in various organs and expression of proinflammatory cytokines in adipose tissue are blunted in Arg-II(-/-) mice. Accordingly, Arg-II(-/-) mice reveal lower fasting blood glucose and improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. Furthermore, apolipoprotein E (ApoE)-deficient mice with Arg-II deficiency (ApoE(-/-)Arg-II(-/-)) display reduced lesion size with characteristics of stable plaques, such as decreased macrophage inflammation and necrotic core. In vivo adoptive transfer experiments reveal that fewer donor ApoE(-/-)Arg-II(-/-) than ApoE(-/-)Arg-II(+/+) monocytes infiltrate into the plaque of ApoE(-/-)Arg-II(+/+) mice. Conversely, recipient ApoE(-/-)Arg-II(-/-) mice accumulate fewer donor monocytes than do recipient ApoE(-/-)Arg-II(+/+) animals. CONCLUSIONS Arg-II promotes macrophage proinflammatory responses through mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, contributing to insulin resistance and atherogenesis. Targeting Arg-II represents a potential therapeutic strategy in type II diabetes mellitus and atherosclerosis. (J Am Heart Assoc. 2012;1:e000992 doi: 10.1161/JAHA.112.000992.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu‐Fen Ming
- From the Laboratory of Vascular Biology, Department of Medicine, Division of Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Fribourg, Switzerland (X.-F.M.,
A.G.R., G.Y., Y.X., J.M.C., J.R., I.S., Z.W., K.P., J.-P.M., Z.Y.)
| | - Angana G. Rajapakse
- From the Laboratory of Vascular Biology, Department of Medicine, Division of Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Fribourg, Switzerland (X.-F.M.,
A.G.R., G.Y., Y.X., J.M.C., J.R., I.S., Z.W., K.P., J.-P.M., Z.Y.)
| | - Gautham Yepuri
- From the Laboratory of Vascular Biology, Department of Medicine, Division of Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Fribourg, Switzerland (X.-F.M.,
A.G.R., G.Y., Y.X., J.M.C., J.R., I.S., Z.W., K.P., J.-P.M., Z.Y.)
| | - Yuyan Xiong
- From the Laboratory of Vascular Biology, Department of Medicine, Division of Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Fribourg, Switzerland (X.-F.M.,
A.G.R., G.Y., Y.X., J.M.C., J.R., I.S., Z.W., K.P., J.-P.M., Z.Y.)
| | - João M. Carvas
- From the Laboratory of Vascular Biology, Department of Medicine, Division of Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Fribourg, Switzerland (X.-F.M.,
A.G.R., G.Y., Y.X., J.M.C., J.R., I.S., Z.W., K.P., J.-P.M., Z.Y.)
| | - Jean Ruffieux
- From the Laboratory of Vascular Biology, Department of Medicine, Division of Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Fribourg, Switzerland (X.-F.M.,
A.G.R., G.Y., Y.X., J.M.C., J.R., I.S., Z.W., K.P., J.-P.M., Z.Y.)
| | - Isabelle Scerri
- From the Laboratory of Vascular Biology, Department of Medicine, Division of Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Fribourg, Switzerland (X.-F.M.,
A.G.R., G.Y., Y.X., J.M.C., J.R., I.S., Z.W., K.P., J.-P.M., Z.Y.)
| | - Zongsong Wu
- From the Laboratory of Vascular Biology, Department of Medicine, Division of Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Fribourg, Switzerland (X.-F.M.,
A.G.R., G.Y., Y.X., J.M.C., J.R., I.S., Z.W., K.P., J.-P.M., Z.Y.)
| | - Katja Popp
- From the Laboratory of Vascular Biology, Department of Medicine, Division of Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Fribourg, Switzerland (X.-F.M.,
A.G.R., G.Y., Y.X., J.M.C., J.R., I.S., Z.W., K.P., J.-P.M., Z.Y.)
| | - Jianhui Li
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Center and Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne, Switzerland (J.L.)
- Dr Li is currently affiliated with the Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Centre of Organ Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China (J.L.)
| | - Claudio Sartori
- Department of Internal Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland (C.S.)
| | - Urs Scherrer
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland (U.S.)
- Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica, Chile (U.S.)
| | - Brenda R. Kwak
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine–Cardiology, University of Geneva, Switzerland (B.R.K.)
| | - Jean‐Pierre Montani
- From the Laboratory of Vascular Biology, Department of Medicine, Division of Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Fribourg, Switzerland (X.-F.M.,
A.G.R., G.Y., Y.X., J.M.C., J.R., I.S., Z.W., K.P., J.-P.M., Z.Y.)
| | - Zhihong Yang
- From the Laboratory of Vascular Biology, Department of Medicine, Division of Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Fribourg, Switzerland (X.-F.M.,
A.G.R., G.Y., Y.X., J.M.C., J.R., I.S., Z.W., K.P., J.-P.M., Z.Y.)
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