1
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Wu W, Luo Z, Shen D, Lan T, Xiao Z, Liu M, Hu L, Sun T, Wang Y, Zhang JN, Zhang C, Wang P, Lu Y, Yang F, Li Q. IL-10 protects against OPC ferroptosis by regulating lipid reactive oxygen species levels post stroke. Redox Biol 2024; 69:102982. [PMID: 38070317 PMCID: PMC10755589 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), especially on lipids, induces massive cell death in neurons and oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) and causes severe neurologic deficits post stroke. While small compounds, such as deferoxamine, lipostatin-1, and ferrostatin-1, have been shown to be effective in reducing lipid ROS, the mechanisms by which endogenously protective molecules act against lipid ROS accumulation and subsequent cell death are still unclear, especially in OPCs, which are critical for maintaining white matter integrity and improving long-term outcomes after stroke. Here, using mouse primary OPC cultures, we demonstrate that interleukin-10 (IL-10), a cytokine playing roles in reducing neuroinflammation and promoting hematoma clearance, significantly reduced hemorrhage-induced lipid ROS accumulation and subsequent ferroptosis in OPCs. Mechanistically, IL-10 activated the IL-10R/STAT3 signaling pathway and upregulated the DLK1/AMPK/ACC axis. Subsequently, IL-10 reprogrammed lipid metabolism and reduced lipid ROS accumulation. In addition, in an autologous blood injection intracerebral hemorrhagic stroke (ICH) mouse model, deficiency of the endogenous Il-10, specific knocking out Il10r or Dlk1 in OPCs, or administration of ACC inhibitor was associated with increased OPC cell death, demyelination, axonal sprouting, and the cognitive deficits during the chronic phase of ICH and vice versa. These data suggest that IL-10 protects against OPC loss and white matter injury by reducing lipid ROS, supporting further development of potential clinical applications to benefit patients with stroke and related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihua Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Zhaoli Luo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Danmin Shen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Ting Lan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Zhongnan Xiao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Meng Liu
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Liye Hu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Tingting Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Yamei Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Jian-Nan Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Chenguang Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Peipei Wang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Yabin Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Fei Yang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
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2
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Sarkar SK, Willson AML, Jordan MA. The Plasticity of Immune Cell Response Complicates Dissecting the Underlying Pathology of Multiple Sclerosis. J Immunol Res 2024; 2024:5383099. [PMID: 38213874 PMCID: PMC10783990 DOI: 10.1155/2024/5383099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurodegenerative autoimmune disease characterized by the destruction of the myelin sheath of the neuronal axon in the central nervous system. Many risk factors, including environmental, epigenetic, genetic, and lifestyle factors, are responsible for the development of MS. It has long been thought that only adaptive immune cells, especially autoreactive T cells, are responsible for the pathophysiology; however, recent evidence has indicated that innate immune cells are also highly involved in disease initiation and progression. Here, we compile the available data regarding the role immune cells play in MS, drawn from both human and animal research. While T and B lymphocytes, chiefly enhance MS pathology, regulatory T cells (Tregs) may serve a more protective role, as can B cells, depending on context and location. Cells chiefly involved in innate immunity, including macrophages, microglia, astrocytes, dendritic cells, natural killer (NK) cells, eosinophils, and mast cells, play varied roles. In addition, there is evidence regarding the involvement of innate-like immune cells, such as γδ T cells, NKT cells, MAIT cells, and innate-like B cells as crucial contributors to MS pathophysiology. It is unclear which of these cell subsets are involved in the onset or progression of disease or in protective mechanisms due to their plastic nature, which can change their properties and functions depending on microenvironmental exposure and the response of neural networks in damage control. This highlights the need for a multipronged approach, combining stringently designed clinical data with carefully controlled in vitro and in vivo research findings, to identify the underlying mechanisms so that more effective therapeutics can be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujan Kumar Sarkar
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Physiology, Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Annie M. L. Willson
- Biomedical Sciences and Molecular Biology, CPHMVS, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia
| | - Margaret A. Jordan
- Biomedical Sciences and Molecular Biology, CPHMVS, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia
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3
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Korn T. Foxp3 + regulatory T cells in the central nervous system and other nonlymphoid tissues. Eur J Immunol 2023; 53:e2250227. [PMID: 37143298 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202250227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Foxp3+ regulatory T (Treg) cells are indispensable for the maintenance of immunologic self-tolerance as well as for the confinement of autoimmune inflammation after the breach of self-tolerance. In order to fulfill these tasks, Treg cells operate in secondary lymphoid tissues and nonlymphoid tissues. The conditions for Treg cell stability and for their modes of action are different according to their compartment of residence. In addition, Treg cells initiate residency programs to inhabit niches in nonlympoid tissues (NLT) in steady state and after re-establishment of previously deflected homeostasis for extended periods of time. These NLT Treg cells are different from lymphoid tissue residing Treg cells and are functionally specialized to subserve not only immune functions but support intrinsic functions of their tissue of residence. This review will highlight current ideas about the functional specialization of NLT Treg cells in particular in the central nervous system (CNS) and discuss challenges that we are facing in an effort to exploit the power of NLT Treg cells for maintenance of tissue homeostasis and perhaps also tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Korn
- Institute for Experimental Neuroimmunology, Technical University of Munich School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Technical University of Munich School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
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4
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Blask C, Schulze J, Rümpel S, Süße M, Grothe M, Gross S, Dressel A, Müller R, Ruhnau J, Vogelgesang A. Modulation of cytokine release from peripheral blood mononuclear cells from multiple sclerosis patients by coenzyme A and soraphen A. J Neuroimmunol 2023; 381:578135. [PMID: 37364515 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2023.578135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
By applying the acetyl-CoA-carboxylase inhibitors soraphen A (SorA) and coenzyme A (CoA) ex vivo, we aimed to reduce proinflammatory cytokine release by PBMCs and increase anti-inflammatory cytokine levels, thereby demonstrating a possible application of those pathways in future multiple sclerosis (MS) therapy. In a prospective exploratory monocentric study, we analysed cytokine production by PBMCs treated with SorA (10 or 50 nM) and CoA (600 μM). Thirty-one MS patients were compared to 18 healthy age-matched controls. We demonstrated the immunomodulatory potential of SorA and CoA in targeting the immune function of MS patients, with an overall reduction of cytokines except of IL-2, IL-6 and IL-10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolin Blask
- Dept. of Neurology, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany
| | | | - Sarah Rümpel
- Dept. of Neurology, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany
| | - Marie Süße
- Dept. of Neurology, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany
| | | | - Stefan Gross
- Dept. of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | | | - Rolf Müller
- Department of Microbial Natural Products, Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Campus E8 1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Johanna Ruhnau
- Dept. of Neurology, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany.
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5
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Cheru N, Hafler DA, Sumida TS. Regulatory T cells in peripheral tissue tolerance and diseases. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1154575. [PMID: 37197653 PMCID: PMC10183596 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1154575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Maintenance of peripheral tolerance by CD4+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) is essential for regulating autoreactive T cells. The loss of function of Foxp3 leads to autoimmune disease in both animals and humans. An example is the rare, X-linked recessive disorder known as IPEX (Immune Dysregulation, Polyendocrinopathy, Enteropathy X-linked) syndrome. In more common human autoimmune diseases, defects in Treg function are accompanied with aberrant effector cytokines such as IFNγ. It has recently become appreciated that Tregs plays an important role in not only maintaining immune homeostasis but also in establishing the tissue microenvironment and homeostasis of non-lymphoid tissues. Tissue resident Tregs show profiles that are unique to their local environments which are composed of both immune and non-immune cells. Core tissue-residence gene signatures are shared across different tissue Tregs and are crucial to homeostatic regulation and maintaining the tissue Treg pool in a steady state. Through interaction with immunocytes and non-immunocytes, tissue Tregs exert a suppressive function via conventional ways involving contact dependent and independent processes. In addition, tissue resident Tregs communicate with other tissue resident cells which allows Tregs to adopt to their local microenvironment. These bidirectional interactions are dependent on the specific tissue environment. Here, we summarize the recent advancements of tissue Treg studies in both human and mice, and discuss the molecular mechanisms that maintain tissue homeostasis and prevent pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nardos Cheru
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - David A. Hafler
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Tomokazu S. Sumida
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
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6
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Ostkamp P, Deffner M, Schulte-Mecklenbeck A, Wünsch C, Lu IN, Wu GF, Goelz S, De Jager PL, Kuhlmann T, Gross CC, Klotz L, Meyer Zu Hörste G, Wiendl H, Schneider-Hohendorf T, Schwab N. A single-cell analysis framework allows for characterization of CSF leukocytes and their tissue of origin in multiple sclerosis. Sci Transl Med 2022; 14:eadc9778. [PMID: 36449599 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adc9778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral central nervous system (CNS)-infiltrating lymphocytes are a hallmark of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Tissue-resident memory T cells (TRM) not only populate the healthy CNS parenchyma but also are suspected to contribute to multiple sclerosis pathology. Because cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), unlike CNS parenchyma, is accessible for diagnostics, we evaluated whether human CSF, apart from infiltrating cells, also contains TRM cells and CNS-resident myeloid cells draining from the parenchyma or border tissues. Using deep generative models, we integrated 41 CSF and 14 CNS parenchyma single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) samples from eight independent studies, encompassing 120,629 cells. By comparing CSF immune cells collected during multiple sclerosis relapse with cells collected during therapeutic very late antigen-4 blockade, we could identify immune subsets with tissue provenance across multiple lineages, including CNS border-associated macrophages, CD8 and CD4 TRM cells, and tissue-resident natural killer cells. All lymphocytic CNS-resident cells shared expression of CXCR6 but showed differential ITGAE expression (encoding CD103). A common signature defined CD4 and CD8 TRM cells by expression of ZFP36L2, DUSP1, and ID2. We further developed a user interface-driven application based on this analysis framework for atlas-level cell identity transfer onto new CSF scRNAseq data. Together, these results define CNS-resident immune cells involved in multiple sclerosis pathology that can be detected and monitored in CSF. Targeting these cell populations might be promising to modulate immunopathology in progressive multiple sclerosis and other neuroinflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Ostkamp
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Marie Deffner
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Andreas Schulte-Mecklenbeck
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Christian Wünsch
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - I-Na Lu
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Gregory F Wu
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.,Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Susan Goelz
- Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Philip L De Jager
- Center for Translational and Computational Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Center, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Tanja Kuhlmann
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Münster, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Catharina C Gross
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Luisa Klotz
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Gerd Meyer Zu Hörste
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Heinz Wiendl
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Tilman Schneider-Hohendorf
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Nicholas Schwab
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, Münster 48149, Germany
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7
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IL-33 in autoimmunity; possible therapeutic target. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 108:108887. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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8
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Sun Y, Wen Y, Wang L, Wen L, You W, Wei S, Mao L, Wang H, Chen Z, Yang X. Therapeutic Opportunities of Interleukin-33 in the Central Nervous System. Front Immunol 2021; 12:654626. [PMID: 34079543 PMCID: PMC8165230 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.654626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-33 (IL-33), a member of the IL-1 cytokine family, is involved in various diseases. IL-33 exerts its effects via its heterodimeric receptor complex, which comprises suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (ST2) and the IL-1 receptor accessory protein (IL-1RAP). Increasing evidence has demonstrated that IL-33/ST2 signaling plays diverse but crucial roles in the homeostasis of the central nervous system (CNS) and the pathogenesis of CNS diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, cerebrovascular diseases, infection, trauma, and ischemic stroke. In the current review, we focus on the functional roles and cellular signaling mechanisms of IL-33 in the CNS and evaluate the potential for diagnostic and therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Sun
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yankai Wen
- Department of Anesthesiology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Luxi Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Liang Wen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wendong You
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuang Wei
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lin Mao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zuobing Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaofeng Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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9
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Ramezani F, Babaie F, Aslani S, Hemmatzadeh M, Mohammadi FS, Gowhari-Shabgah A, Jadidi-Niaragh F, Ezzatifar F, Mohammadi H. The Role of the IL-33/ST2 Immune Pathway in Autoimmunity: New Insights and Perspectives. Immunol Invest 2021; 51:1060-1086. [PMID: 33522348 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2021.1878212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-33, a member of IL-1 cytokine family, is produced by various immune cells and acts as an alarm to alert the immune system after epithelial or endothelial cell damage during cell necrosis, infection, stress, and trauma. The biological functions of IL-33 largely depend on its ligation to the corresponding receptor, suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (ST2). The pathogenic roles of this cytokine have been implicated in several disorders, including allergic disease, cardiovascular disease, autoimmune disease, infectious disease, and cancers. However, alerted levels of IL-33 may result in either disease amelioration or progression. Genetic variations of IL33 gene may confer protective or susceptibility risk in the onset of autoimmune diseases. The purpose of this review is to discuss the involvement of IL-33 and ST2 in the pathogenesis of a variety of autoimmune disorders, such as autoimmune rheumatic, neurodegenerative, and endocrine diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faezeh Ramezani
- Student Research Committee, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Farhad Babaie
- Department of Immunology and Genetic, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Saeed Aslani
- Department of Medical Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Hemmatzadeh
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sadat Mohammadi
- Immunology Research Center, Inflammation and Inflammatory Diseases Division, Medical School, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Farhad Jadidi-Niaragh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ezzatifar
- Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Hamed Mohammadi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
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10
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Kvichansky AA, Volobueva MN, Spivak YS, Tret'yakova LV, Gulyaeva NV, Bolshakov AP. Expression of mRNAs for IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, TNFα, CX3CL1, and TGFβ1 Cytokines in the Brain Tissues: Assessment of Contribution of Blood Cells with and without Perfusion. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2019; 84:905-910. [PMID: 31522672 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297919080066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Cytokines are important regulators of brain function under both normal and pathological conditions. Cytokines can be synthesized by resident cells of the central nervous system (CNS) (vascular endothelium, cells of the blood-brain barrier, parenchymal cells of the CNS) or cells in the lumen of blood vessels, as well as introduced with the bloodstream. The ratio between the quantity of cytokines synthesized in the CNS and those entering it from external sources under various conditions remains poorly understood. In this work, we studied the contribution of mRNAs from non-resident cells to the common pool of cytokine (TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, CX3CL1, and TGFβ1) mRNAs in the rat neocortex, hippocampus, dura matter, pia matter, and choroid plexus. We also evaluated the representation of various populations of resident and non-resident immune cells based on the expression of marker genes (Ncf1, Tbx21, Foxp3, RORγc). The removal of blood by transcardial perfusion led to a decrease in the quantity of the TNFα mRNA in the neocortex and hippocampus and of the IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-10 mRNAs in the dura mater. The mRNA levels of other cytokines in studied structures were not affected by perfusion. Our findings suggest that mRNAs present in the blood can make a significant contribution to the mRNA levels of some cytokines in the CNS; therefore, preliminary perfusion of brain tissue is a necessary stage of experimental design for correct estimation of mRNA content in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Kvichansky
- Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117485, Russia
| | - M N Volobueva
- Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117485, Russia
| | - Yu S Spivak
- Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117485, Russia
| | - L V Tret'yakova
- Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117485, Russia
| | - N V Gulyaeva
- Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117485, Russia.
| | - A P Bolshakov
- Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117485, Russia
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11
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The role of the IL-33/ST2 axis in autoimmune disorders: Friend or foe? Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2019; 50:60-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2019.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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12
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Lam AJ, MacDonald KN, Pesenacker AM, Juvet SC, Morishita KA, Bressler B, Pan JG, Sidhu SS, Rioux JD, Levings MK. Innate Control of Tissue-Reparative Human Regulatory T Cells. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 202:2195-2209. [PMID: 30850479 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1801330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Regulatory T cell (Treg) therapy is a potential curative approach for a variety of immune-mediated conditions, including autoimmunity and transplantation, in which there is pathological tissue damage. In mice, IL-33R (ST2)-expressing Tregs mediate tissue repair by producing the growth factor amphiregulin, but whether similar tissue-reparative Tregs exist in humans remains unclear. We show that human Tregs in blood and multiple tissue types produced amphiregulin, but this was neither a unique feature of Tregs nor selectively upregulated in tissues. Human Tregs in blood, tonsil, synovial fluid, colon, and lung tissues did not express ST2, so ST2+ Tregs were engineered via lentiviral-mediated overexpression, and their therapeutic potential for cell therapy was examined. Engineered ST2+ Tregs exhibited TCR-independent, IL-33-stimulated amphiregulin expression and a heightened ability to induce M2-like macrophages. The finding that amphiregulin-producing Tregs have a noneffector phenotype and are progressively lost upon TCR-induced proliferation and differentiation suggests that the tissue repair capacity of human Tregs may be an innate function that operates independently from their classical suppressive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avery J Lam
- Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4H4, Canada.,BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Katherine N MacDonald
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4H4, Canada.,School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada.,Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Anne M Pesenacker
- Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4H4, Canada.,BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Stephen C Juvet
- Division of Respirology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2C4, Canada.,Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Kimberly A Morishita
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4H4, Canada.,Division of Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Brian Bressler
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6Z 1Y6, Canada
| | | | - James G Pan
- Toronto Recombinant Antibody Centre, Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Sachdev S Sidhu
- Toronto Recombinant Antibody Centre, Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E1, Canada.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - John D Rioux
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1J4, Canada; and.,Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - Megan K Levings
- Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4H4, Canada; .,BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4H4, Canada.,School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
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13
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Fairlie-Clarke K, Barbour M, Wilson C, Hridi SU, Allan D, Jiang HR. Expression and Function of IL-33/ST2 Axis in the Central Nervous System Under Normal and Diseased Conditions. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2596. [PMID: 30515150 PMCID: PMC6255965 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-33 (IL-33) is a well-recognized immunomodulatory cytokine which plays critical roles in tissue function and immune-mediated diseases. The abundant expression of IL-33 in brain and spinal cord prompted many scientists to explore its unique role in the central nervous system (CNS) under physiological and pathological conditions. Indeed emerging evidence from over a decade's research suggests that IL-33 acts as one of the key molecular signaling cues coordinating the network between the immune and CNS systems, particularly during the development of neurological diseases. Here, we highlight the recent advances in our knowledge regarding the distribution and cellular localization of IL-33 and its receptor ST2 in specific CNS regions, and more importantly the key roles IL-33/ST2 signaling pathway play in CNS function under normal and diseased conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Hui-Rong Jiang
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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14
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Cerebrospinal fluid IL-10 as an early stage discriminative marker between multiple sclerosis and neuro-Behçet disease. Cytokine 2018; 108:160-167. [PMID: 29625335 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2018.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) and Neuro-Behçet's Disease (NBD) are two recurrent disorders affecting the central nervous system (CNS) by causing inflammation and irreversible damage. Inaugural clinical symptoms for both diseases might be very similar and definitive diagnosis could be delayed. The present study aimed to find out possible differences at early stages in the transcription factors/cytokines expression profiles in blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of MS and NBD patients which could be useful discriminative markers. Cytokines and transcription factors related to Th1, Th2, Th17 and T regulatory populations were studied by quantitative RT-PCR simultaneously in PBMCs and CSF, from 40 patients presenting a first episode of clinical features related to CNS inflammation and 22 controls with non inflammatory neurological diseases enrolled mainly for severe headache. The follow up of 12 months did allow a definitive diagnosis of remitting relapsing MS (RRMS) in 21 patients and of NBD in the other 19 among those with CNS inflammation compared to controls. In initial blood samples, T-bet was significantly increased in NBD patients only while IFN-γ was elevated in patients who evolved into RRMS or NBD. IL-17a, GATA-3 and IL-4 were significantly lower in RRMS patients than in the NBD group. In initial CSF samples, ROR-γt, IL-17a and IFN-γ were significantly elevated in patients compared to controls. The most striking finding was the significant increase of CSF IL-10 that we did observe in NBD patients only. Thus, we propose CSF IL-10 as a predictive marker to help clinicians discriminating between these two neurological disorders.
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Du LX, Wang YQ, Hua GQ, Mi WL. IL-33/ST2 Pathway as a Rational Therapeutic Target for CNS Diseases. Neuroscience 2017; 369:222-230. [PMID: 29175156 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Revised: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-33 is a member of the interleukin-1 cytokine family that is produced by many different types of tissues including the central nervous system (CNS). IL-33 mediates its effects via its heterodimeric receptor complex, comprised of ST2 and the IL-1 receptor accessory protein (IL-1RAcp). As a pleiotropic nuclear cytokine, IL-33 is a crucial factor in the development of cardiovascular diseases, allergic diseases, infectious diseases, and autoimmune diseases. Recently, accumulated evidence shows that the IL-33/ST2 axis plays a crucial and diverse role in the pathogenesis of CNS diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, cerebrovascular diseases, infectious diseases, traumatic CNS injury, chronic pain, etc. In this review, we discuss the recent findings in the cellular signaling of IL-33 and advancement of the role of IL-33 in several CNS diseases, as well as its therapeutic potential for the treatment of those diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Xia Du
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, Academy of Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institutes of Brain Science, Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Qing Wang
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, Academy of Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institutes of Brain Science, Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Guo-Qiang Hua
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Li Mi
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, Academy of Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institutes of Brain Science, Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China.
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