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Posson PM, Hibbing PR, Damiot A, Carbuhn AF, White DA, Shakhnovich V, Sullivan D, Shook RP. Resting Energy Expenditure Equations Have Lower Accuracy for Adolescents with Overweight/Obesity Versus Healthy-Weight Adolescents. Child Obes 2024. [PMID: 39052506 DOI: 10.1089/chi.2024.0226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Objective: The objectives of the study were (1) to assess whether resting energy expenditure (REE) equations have comparable validity for adolescents with overweight/obesity vs. adolescents with healthy weight and (2) to examine determinants of measured REE in adolescents with overweight/obesity vs. adolescents with healthy weight. Methods: Ten equations were used to predict REE for 109 adolescents (70% males; 36.7% with overweight/obesity); 95% equivalence testing was used to assess how well each equation agreed with the criterion measure of indirect calorimetry. Linear regression models were fitted to examine how much REE variance was accounted for by age, sex, race, fat-free mass (FFM), and fat mass. Results: For adolescents with healthy weight, all ten equations were significantly equivalent to the criterion measure within ±8.4% (p < 0.05), whereas for participants with overweight/obesity, only three equations were equivalent within the same range (p < 0.05). Controlling for age, sex, race, fat mass, and FFM accounted for 74% of REE variance. FFM explained the greatest amount (26%) of variance in REE, while weight status itself explained an additional 22%. Conclusions: Prediction equations tend to be more accurate for adolescents with healthy weight than adolescents with overweight/obesity unless the original sample specifically included participants with overweight/obesity. Determinants of REE are similar regardless of weight status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paige M Posson
- Center for Children's Healthy Lifestyles and Nutrition, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas, Missouri, USA
| | - Paul R Hibbing
- Center for Children's Healthy Lifestyles and Nutrition, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas, Missouri, USA
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Anthony Damiot
- Center for Children's Healthy Lifestyles and Nutrition, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas, Missouri, USA
| | - Aaron F Carbuhn
- Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas city, Kansas, USA
| | - David A White
- Ward Family Heart Center, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas, Missouri, USA
- School of Medicine, University of Missouri Kansas City, Kansas, Missouri, USA
| | | | - Debra Sullivan
- Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas city, Kansas, USA
| | - Robin P Shook
- Center for Children's Healthy Lifestyles and Nutrition, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas, Missouri, USA
- School of Medicine, University of Missouri Kansas City, Kansas, Missouri, USA
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2
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Kilpatrick LA, An HM, Pawar S, Sood R, Gupta A. Neuroimaging Investigations of Obesity: a Review of the Treatment of Sex from 2010. Curr Obes Rep 2023; 12:163-174. [PMID: 36933153 PMCID: PMC10250271 DOI: 10.1007/s13679-023-00498-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To summarize the results of adult obesity neuroimaging studies (structural, resting-state, task-based, diffusion tensor imaging) published from 2010, with a focus on the treatment of sex as an important biological variable in the analysis, and identify gaps in sex difference research. RECENT FINDINGS Neuroimaging studies have shown obesity-related changes in brain structure, function, and connectivity. However, relevant factors such as sex are often not considered. We conducted a systematic review and keyword co-occurrence analysis. Literature searches identified 6281 articles, of which 199 met inclusion criteria. Among these, only 26 (13%) considered sex as an important variable in the analysis, directly comparing the sexes (n = 10; 5%) or providing single-sex/disaggregated data (n = 16, 8%); the remaining studies controlled for sex (n = 120, 60%) or did not consider sex in the analysis (n = 53, 27%). Synthesizing sex-based results, obesity-related parameters (e.g., body mass index, waist circumference, obese status) may be generally associated with more robust morphological alterations in men and more robust structural connectivity alterations in women. Additionally, women with obesity generally expressed increased reactivity in affect-related regions, while men with obesity generally expressed increased reactivity in motor-related regions; this was especially true under a fed state. The keyword co-occurrence analysis indicated that sex difference research was especially lacking in intervention studies. Thus, although sex differences in the brain associated with obesity are known to exist, a large proportion of the literature informing the research and treatment strategies of today has not specifically examined sex effects, which is needed to optimize treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa A Kilpatrick
- Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
- David Geffen School of Medicine, Goodman-Luskin Microbiome Center, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
- G. Oppenheimer Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, The Obesity and Ingestive Behavior Program, Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Center for Health Sciences 42-210, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Hyeon Min An
- Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
- David Geffen School of Medicine, Goodman-Luskin Microbiome Center, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
- G. Oppenheimer Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, The Obesity and Ingestive Behavior Program, Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Center for Health Sciences 42-210, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Shrey Pawar
- G. Oppenheimer Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, The Obesity and Ingestive Behavior Program, Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Center for Health Sciences 42-210, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Riya Sood
- G. Oppenheimer Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, The Obesity and Ingestive Behavior Program, Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Center for Health Sciences 42-210, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Arpana Gupta
- Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, USA.
- David Geffen School of Medicine, Goodman-Luskin Microbiome Center, University of California, Los Angeles, USA.
- G. Oppenheimer Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, The Obesity and Ingestive Behavior Program, Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Center for Health Sciences 42-210, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
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3
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Sun Y, Liu Y, Yin X, Li M, Zhang T, Zhang F, Guo Y, Sun P. The predictive equations of resting metabolic rate for
T
ibetan adolescents aged 13–18 in
T
ibet,
C
hina. Am J Hum Biol 2022; 35:e23845. [PMID: 36484179 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The resting metabolic rate (RMR) predictive equations suitable for Tibetan adolescents in Tibet, China, were developed to provide a reference for their reasonable energy intake. METHODS We measured RMR by indirect calorimetry and body composition by bioelectrical impedance analysis in 325 Tibetan adolescents aged 13-18 years in Tibet, China. Stepwise regression analysis was used to develop the predictive equations. Pearson correlation analysis, paired sample t test, bias rate, concordance correlation coefficient (CCC) and Bland-Altman were used to verify the validity of the predictive equations. RESULTS The R2 of Model 8 (0.642) was larger than Model 2 (boys, 0.642; girls, 0.533) and Model 7 (0.540), and Model 10 (0.534) was larger than Model 4 (boys, 0.531; girls, 0.443) and Model 9 (0.477).Compared with the existing predictive equations, the correlation (0.68-0.84) between the predicted values and the measured values, CCC (0.74-0.81) and consistency (Similar proportions within the upper and lower limits but lower differences) were higher and the bias rate (-1.0% to -2.5%) and root mean square error (207.4-263.7 kcal/day) were lower in this study. By comprehensive comparison, Model 8 and Model 10 were more valid. CONCLUSIONS The existing predictive equations cannot accurately predict the RMR of Tibetan adolescents in Tibet, China. In this study, the age segmentation predictive equations with age, sex, and fat free mass (FFM) as independent variables were more valid. The predictive equations were as follows: RMR (kcal/day) = 50.1 × FFM (kg) - 202.8 × Sex (F: 0; M: 1) - 72.1 × Age + 930.3, 13-15 years; RMR (kcal/day) = 58.4 × FFM (kg) - 441.1 × Sex (F: 0; M: 1) - 702.2, 16-18 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Sun
- College of Physical Education Ludong University Yantai Shandong China
| | - Yuan Liu
- College of Physical Education & Health East China Normal University Shanghai China
| | - Xiaojian Yin
- College of Economics and Management Shanghai Institute of Technology Shanghai China
| | - Ming Li
- College of Physical Education & Health East China Normal University Shanghai China
| | - Ting Zhang
- College of Physical Education & Health East China Normal University Shanghai China
| | - Feng Zhang
- College of Physical Education & Health East China Normal University Shanghai China
| | - Yaru Guo
- College of Physical Education & Health East China Normal University Shanghai China
| | - Pengwei Sun
- College of Physical Education & Health East China Normal University Shanghai China
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Limon-Miro AT, Jackson CD, Eslamparast T, Yamanaka-Okumura H, Plank LD, Henry CJ, Madden AM, Ferreira LG, Kalaitzakis E, Prieto de Frías C, Knudsen AW, Gramlich L, Raman M, Alberda C, Belland D, Den Heyer V, Tandon P, Morgan MY. Predicted estimates of resting energy expenditure have limited clinical utility in patients with cirrhosis. J Hepatol 2022; 77:98-107. [PMID: 35090958 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2022.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Malnutrition is associated with adverse clinical outcomes in patients with cirrhosis. Accurate assessment of energy requirements is needed to optimize dietary intake. Resting energy expenditure (REE), the major component of total energy expenditure, can be measured using indirect calorimetry (mREE) or estimated using prediction equations (pREE). This study assessed the usefulness of predicted estimates of REE in this patient population. METHODS Individual mREE data were available for 900 patients with cirrhosis (mean [±1 SD] age 55.7±11.6 years-old; 70% men; 52% south-east Asian) and 282 healthy controls (mean age 36.0±12.8 years-old; 52% men; 18% south-east Asian). Metabolic status was classified using thresholds based on the mean ± 1 SD of the mREE in the healthy controls. Comparisons were made between mREE and pREE estimates obtained using the Harris-Benedict, Mifflin, Schofield and Henry equations. Stepwise regression was used to build 3 new prediction models which included sex, ethnicity, body composition measures, and model for end-stage liver disease scores. RESULTS The mean mREE was significantly higher in patients than controls when referenced to dry body weight (22.4±3.8 cf. 20.8±2.6 kcal/kg/24 hr; p <0.001); there were no significant sex differences. The mean mREE was significantly higher in Caucasian than Asian patients (23.1±4.4 cf. 21.7±2.9 kcal/kg/24 hr; p <0.001). Overall, 37.1% of Caucasian and 25.3% of Asian patients were classified as hypermetabolic. The differences between mREE and pREE were both statistically and clinically relevant; in the total patient population, pREE estimates ranged from 501 kcal/24 hr less to 548 kcal/24 hr more than the mREE. Newly derived prediction equations provided better estimates of mREE but still had limited clinical utility. CONCLUSIONS Prediction equations do not provide useful estimates of REE in patients with cirrhosis. REE should be directly measured. LAY SUMMARY People with cirrhosis are often malnourished and this has a detrimental effect on outcome. Provision of an adequate diet is very important and is best achieved by measuring daily energy requirements and adjusting dietary intake accordingly. Prediction equations, which use information on age, sex, weight, and height can be used to estimate energy requirements; however, the results they provide are not accurate enough for clinical use, particularly as they vary according to sex and ethnicity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Clive Douglas Jackson
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Royal Free Hospital, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Hisami Yamanaka-Okumura
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food Management, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, Japan
| | | | | | - Angela Mary Madden
- School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK
| | - Livia Garcia Ferreira
- Graduate Program in Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Brazil
| | - Evangelos Kalaitzakis
- Gastro Unit, Division of Endoscopy, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Denmark; Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital of Heraklion, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | | | - Anne Wilkens Knudsen
- Gastrounit, Medical Division, Copenhagen University Hospital - Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Leah Gramlich
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Maitreyi Raman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Cathy Alberda
- Royal Alexandra Hospital, Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Dawn Belland
- University of Alberta Hospital, Alberta Health Services Nutrition Services, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Vanessa Den Heyer
- University of Alberta Hospital, Alberta Health Services Nutrition Services, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Puneeta Tandon
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
| | - Marsha Yvonne Morgan
- UCL Institute for Liver & Digestive Health, Division of Medicine, Royal Free Campus, University College London, UK.
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5
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Demashkieh M, Dalan R, Burns SF. Cardiorespiratory fitness and fat oxidation during exercise in Chinese, Indian, Malay men with elevated body mass index. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2022; 47:888-892. [PMID: 35679614 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2022-0106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A cross-sectional pilot investigation in Chinese, Indian and Malay men (15 each) with elevated BMI to compare: (i) cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF); and (ii) fat oxidation at rest and maximal fat oxidation during exercise. Predicted CRF (Chinese: 37.0 (5.1) mL/kg/min; Indian: 34.8 (5.6) mL/kg/min; Malay: 33.0 (7.1) mL/kg/min; P = 0.208) and resting fat oxidation were similar among groups. Maximal fat oxidation during exercise was lower in Indian (3.81 (1.02) mg/kg/min, P = 0.004) and Malay (Malay: 3.36 (0.95) mg/kg/min, P < 0.001) than Chinese (5.17 (1.23) mg/kg/min) men. Fat oxidation during exercise may contribute toward obesity risk in Asian populations. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05337111.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayada Demashkieh
- Nanyang Technological University National Institute of Education, 63238, Singapore, Singapore, Singapore;
| | - Rinkoo Dalan
- Nanyang Technological University, 54761, Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Tan Tock Seng Hospital, 63703, Department of Endocrinology, Singapore, Singapore;
| | - Stephen Francis Burns
- Nanyang Technological University National Institute of Education, 63238, Singapore, Singapore, Singapore;
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6
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The Relationship between Macronutrient Distribution and Type 2 Diabetes in Asian Indians. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13124406. [PMID: 34959958 PMCID: PMC8704419 DOI: 10.3390/nu13124406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Asian Indians (AIs) are at increased risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus than other ethnic groups. AIs also have lower body mass index (BMI) values than other populations, so can benefit from strategies other than weight reduction. Macronutrient distributions are associated with improved glycemic control; however, no specific distribution is generally recommended. This study looks at whether a macronutrient distribution of 50:30:20 (percent of total calories from carbohydrates, fats, and protein) is related to diabetes status in AIs. Diet and Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) were assessed from convenience sample of AI adults in Maryland. A ratio of actual to needed calories using the 50:30:20 macronutrient distribution was then tested against diabetes status to identify associations. All groups except non-diabetic females, were in negative energy balance. The non-diabetic group consumed larger actual to needed ratios of protein than pre-diabetics and diabetics. However, all groups consumed protein at the lower end of the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR), and the quality of all macronutrients consumed was low. Therefore, weight loss may not be the recommendation for diabetes management for AIs. Increasing protein and insoluble fiber consumption, could play a critical role.
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7
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McMillan DW, Maher JL, Jacobs KA, Nash MS, Gater DR. Exercise Interventions Targeting Obesity in Persons With Spinal Cord Injury. Top Spinal Cord Inj Rehabil 2021; 27:109-120. [PMID: 33814889 PMCID: PMC7983638 DOI: 10.46292/sci20-00058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) results in an array of cardiometabolic complications, with obesity being the most common component risk of cardiometabolic disease (CMD) in this population. Recent Consortium for Spinal Cord Medicine Clinical Practice Guidelines for CMD in SCI recommend physical exercise as a primary treatment strategy for the management of CMD in SCI. However, the high prevalence of obesity in SCI and the pleiotropic nature of this body habitus warrant strategies for tailoring exercise to specifically target obesity. In general, exercise for obesity management should aim primarily to induce a negative energy balance and secondarily to increase the use of fat as a fuel source. In persons with SCI, reductions in the muscle mass that can be recruited during activity limit the capacity for exercise to induce a calorie deficit. Furthermore, the available musculature exhibits a decreased oxidative capacity, limiting the utilization of fat during exercise. These constraints must be considered when designing exercise interventions for obesity management in SCI. Certain forms of exercise have a greater therapeutic potential in this population partly due to impacts on metabolism during recovery from exercise and at rest. In this article, we propose that exercise for obesity in SCI should target large muscle groups and aim to induce hypertrophy to increase total energy expenditure response to training. Furthermore, although carbohydrate reliance will be high during activity, certain forms of exercise might induce meaningful postexercise shifts in the use of fat as a fuel. General activity in this population is important for many components of health, but low energy cost of daily activities and limitations in upper body volitional exercise mean that exercise interventions targeting utilization and hypertrophy of large muscle groups will likely be required for obesity management.
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Affiliation(s)
- David W. McMillan
- Christine E. Lynn Rehabilitation Center for the Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, UHealth/Jackson Memorial, Miami, Florida
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Jennifer L. Maher
- Department of Health, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin A. Jacobs
- Department of Kinesiology and Sport Sciences, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida
| | - Mark S. Nash
- Christine E. Lynn Rehabilitation Center for the Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, UHealth/Jackson Memorial, Miami, Florida
| | - David R. Gater
- Christine E. Lynn Rehabilitation Center for the Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, UHealth/Jackson Memorial, Miami, Florida
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8
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Park SH, Nicolaou M, Dickens BSL, Yang Q, Tan KW, van Dam RM. Ethnicity, Neighborhood and Individual Socioeconomic Status, and Obesity: The Singapore Multiethnic Cohort. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2020; 28:2405-2413. [PMID: 33064936 DOI: 10.1002/oby.22995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE It remains unclear whether ethnicity has an impact on obesity independent of socioeconomic status (SES) and environmental factors. Singapore provides a unique opportunity to address this issue because three major Asian ethnic groups are represented, and government policies prevent ethnic segregation. Therefore this study examined associations between ethnicity, SES, and obesity within neighborhoods in Singapore. METHODS Cross-sectional data from 29,819 participants of the Singapore Multiethnic Cohort who were aged 21 to 75 years and of Chinese, Malay, and Indian ethnicity were used. Obesity was defined using Asian criteria. Multilevel models used obesity as the dependent variable and age, marital status, ethnicity, education level, income, and neighborhood SES as independent variables. RESULTS Education level was more strongly inversely associated with obesity than income level or neighborhood SES. The association between ethnicity and obesity was not substantially explained by measures of individual and neighborhood SES. In females, the fully adjusted odds ratio of obesity was 5.01 for Malay ethnicity and 4.81 for Indian ethnicity as compared with Chinese ethnicity. In males, these odds ratios were 2.61 and 2.07, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Ethnicity was strongly associated with obesity independent of SES and neighborhood environment. More research on sociocultural factors contributing to ethnic differences in obesity is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Hyun Park
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Mary Nicolaou
- Department of Public Health, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Borame Sue Lee Dickens
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Qianyu Yang
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Ken Wei Tan
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Rob M van Dam
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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9
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Nahon KJ, Janssen LGM, Sardjoe Mishre ASD, Bilsen MP, van der Eijk JA, Botani K, Overduin LA, Ruiz JR, Burakiewicz J, Dzyubachyk O, Webb AG, Kan HE, Berbée JFP, van Klinken J, van Dijk KW, van Weeghel M, Vaz FM, Coskun T, Jazet IM, Kooijman S, Martinez‐Tellez B, Boon MR, Rensen PCN. The effect of mirabegron on energy expenditure and brown adipose tissue in healthy lean South Asian and Europid men. Diabetes Obes Metab 2020; 22:2032-2044. [PMID: 32558052 PMCID: PMC7771034 DOI: 10.1111/dom.14120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIM To compare the effects of cold exposure and the β3-adrenergic receptor agonist mirabegron on plasma lipids, energy expenditure and brown adipose tissue (BAT) activity in South Asians versus Europids. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ten lean Dutch South Asian (aged 18-30 years; body mass index [BMI] 18-25 kg/m2 ) and 10 age- and BMI-matched Europid men participated in a randomized, double-blinded, cross-over study consisting of three interventions: short-term (~ 2 hours) cold exposure, mirabegron (200 mg one dose p.o.) and placebo. Before and after each intervention, we performed lipidomic analysis in serum, assessed resting energy expenditure (REE) and skin temperature, and measured BAT fat fraction by magnetic resonance imaging. RESULTS In both ethnicities, cold exposure increased the levels of several serum lipid species, whereas mirabegron only increased free fatty acids. Cold exposure increased lipid oxidation in both ethnicities, while mirabegron increased lipid oxidation in Europids only. Cold exposure and mirabegron enhanced supraclavicular skin temperature in both ethnicities. Cold exposure decreased BAT fat fraction in both ethnicities. After the combination of data from both ethnicities, mirabegron decreased BAT fat fraction compared with placebo. CONCLUSIONS In South Asians and Europids, cold exposure and mirabegron induced beneficial metabolic effects. When combining both ethnicities, cold exposure and mirabegron increased REE and lipid oxidation, coinciding with a higher supraclavicular skin temperature and lower BAT fat fraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly J. Nahon
- Department of Medicine, Division of EndocrinologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular MedicineLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
| | - Laura G. M. Janssen
- Department of Medicine, Division of EndocrinologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular MedicineLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
| | | | - Manu P. Bilsen
- Department of Medicine, Division of EndocrinologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular MedicineLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
| | - Jari A. van der Eijk
- Department of RadiologyC.J. Gorter Center for High Field MRILeidenthe Netherlands
| | - Kani Botani
- Department of Medicine, Division of EndocrinologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular MedicineLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
| | - Lisanne A. Overduin
- Department of Medicine, Division of EndocrinologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular MedicineLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
| | - Jonatan R. Ruiz
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport SciencesPROFITH “PROmoting FITness and Health through physical activity” research group, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of GranadaGranadaSpain
| | - Jedrzej Burakiewicz
- Department of RadiologyC.J. Gorter Center for High Field MRILeidenthe Netherlands
| | - Oleh Dzyubachyk
- Department of Radiology, Division of Image Processing (LKEB)Leiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
| | - Andrew G. Webb
- Department of RadiologyC.J. Gorter Center for High Field MRILeidenthe Netherlands
| | - Hermien E. Kan
- Department of RadiologyC.J. Gorter Center for High Field MRILeidenthe Netherlands
| | - Jimmy F. P. Berbée
- Department of Medicine, Division of EndocrinologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular MedicineLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
| | - Jan‐Bert van Klinken
- Department of Human GeneticsLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic DiseasesAmsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular SciencesAmsterdamthe Netherlands
- Core Facility MetabolomicsAmsterdam UMC, University of AmsterdamAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Ko Willems van Dijk
- Department of Medicine, Division of EndocrinologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular MedicineLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
- Department of Human GeneticsLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
| | - Michel van Weeghel
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic DiseasesAmsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular SciencesAmsterdamthe Netherlands
- Core Facility MetabolomicsAmsterdam UMC, University of AmsterdamAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Frédéric M. Vaz
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic DiseasesAmsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular SciencesAmsterdamthe Netherlands
- Core Facility MetabolomicsAmsterdam UMC, University of AmsterdamAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Tamer Coskun
- Department of Diabetes/EndocrineLilly Research Laboratories, Lilly Corporate CenterIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Ingrid M. Jazet
- Department of Medicine, Division of EndocrinologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular MedicineLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
| | - Sander Kooijman
- Department of Medicine, Division of EndocrinologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular MedicineLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
| | - Borja Martinez‐Tellez
- Department of Medicine, Division of EndocrinologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular MedicineLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport SciencesPROFITH “PROmoting FITness and Health through physical activity” research group, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of GranadaGranadaSpain
| | - Mariëtte R. Boon
- Department of Medicine, Division of EndocrinologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular MedicineLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
| | - Patrick C. N. Rensen
- Department of Medicine, Division of EndocrinologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular MedicineLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenthe Netherlands
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Association Between Self-Reported Eating Rate, Energy Intake, and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in a Multi-Ethnic Asian Population. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12041080. [PMID: 32295057 PMCID: PMC7230501 DOI: 10.3390/nu12041080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Eating faster is associated with greater body mass index (BMI), but less is known about the relationships between eating rate, energy intake, body composition, and cardio-metabolic risk factors in different Asian ethnic groups. Using data from the Singapore Multi-Ethnic Cohort (n = 7011; 21-75 y), we investigated associations between self-reported eating rate (SRER), with energy intake, body composition, blood pressure, and blood lipids. SRER and lifestyle was assessed using interviewer-administered questionnaires. Multivariable models were used to examine the associations of SRER with energy intake, body composition, blood pressure, and blood lipids after adjusting for covariates. General and abdominal overweight were defined as BMI ≥ 23 kg/m2 and waist circumference > 90cm (men) and > 80cm (women), respectively. On average, faster eaters (vs. slower eaters) consumed 105kcal/day more (p = 0.034), had ~5kg higher body weight (p < 0.001), 1.3 kg/m2 higher BMI (p < 0.001), and 3.1cm larger waist-circumference (p < 0.001). Faster eaters had significantly higher blood pressure, circulating triglycerides, and total-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio than slower eaters. Faster eaters were twice as likely to develop general (multivariable-OR: 2.2;95%CI,1.8-2.6; p < 0.001), and abdominal (OR:1.8;95%CI, 1.5-2.2; p < 0.001) overweight than slower eaters. This association was observed across all subgroups by age, sex, and ethnicity. Findings suggest that SRER is a robust behavioral marker for increased risk of higher energy intake, obesity, and poor cardio-metabolic health, and a modifiable behavioral risk-factor for obesity prevention.
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11
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Shirley MK, Arthurs OJ, Seunarine KK, Cole TJ, Eaton S, Williams JE, Clark CA, Wells JCK. Metabolic rate of major organs and tissues in young adult South Asian women. Eur J Clin Nutr 2018; 73:1164-1171. [PMID: 30405209 PMCID: PMC6373842 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-018-0362-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Major organ-specific and tissue-specific metabolic rate (Ki) values were initially estimated using in vivo methods, and values reported by Elia (Energy metabolism: tissue determinants and cellular corollaries, Raven Press, New York, 1992) were subsequently supported by statistical analysis. However, the majority of work to date on this topic has addressed individuals of European descent, whereas population variability in resting energy metabolism has been reported. We aimed to estimate Ki values in South Asian females. SUBJECTS/METHODS This cross-sectional study recruited 70 healthy young women of South Asian ancestry. Brain and organs were measured using magnetic resonance imaging, skeletal muscle mass by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, fat mass by the 4-component model, and whole-body resting energy expenditure by indirect calorimetry. Organ and tissue Ki values were estimated indirectly using regression analysis through the origin. Preliminary analysis suggested overestimation of heart mass, hence the modeling was repeated with a literature-based 22.5% heart mass reduction. RESULTS The pattern of derived Ki values across organs and tissues matched that previously estimated in vivo, but the values were systematically lower. However, adjusting for the overestimation of heart mass markedly improved the agreement. CONCLUSIONS Our results support variability in Ki values among organs and tissues, where some are more metabolically "expensive" than others. Initial findings suggesting lower organ/tissue Ki values in South Asian women were likely influenced by heart mass estimation bias. The question of potential ethnic variability in organ-specific and tissue-specific energy metabolism requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Owen J Arthurs
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK.,Department of Radiology, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
| | | | - Tim J Cole
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Simon Eaton
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Jane E Williams
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Chris A Clark
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
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12
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Rodrigues AMDS, Costa ABP, Campos DL, Silva MPS, Cândido AL, Santos LCD, Ferreira AVM. Low validity of predictive equations for calculating resting energy expenditure in overweight and obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome. J Hum Nutr Diet 2017; 31:266-275. [PMID: 28791776 DOI: 10.1111/jhn.12498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Predictive equations are the main clinical tools for determining resting energy expenditure (REE). However, their adequate use in overweight and obese individuals is unclear. Thus, we investigated the best predictive equations for estimating REE in overweight and obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). METHODS Eleven analyses were performed with prediction equations (pREE) based on anthropometric parameters in 30 overweight or obese women with PCOS without other chronic diseases. The measured REE (mREE) was calculated by indirect calorimetry. The validity of the equations was investigated by comparison, accuracy and agreement tests between pREE and mREE at both the individual and group level. RESULTS Four analyses were similar to those of mREE, and smallest mean differences were observed for the World Health Organization/Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations/United Nations University (WHO/FAO/UNU) considering weight (W) [0.07 (1.13) MJ (16 [270] kcal)]. Individual accuracy was greater than 50% for Harris and Benedict, Müller and Lazzer equations. The percentage of REE underestimation ranged between 16.7% and 73.3%, whereas higher rates of overestimation were observed in the De Luis (66.7%) and Ireton-Jones (43.3%) equations. Mean bias at the group level was lowest in the WHO/FAO/UNU W and WHO/FAO/UNU considering weight and height (WH), Müller and Lazzer equations (-2.8 to 0.5). The WHO/FAO/UNU W and WHO/FAO/UNU WH formulas were optimal in individual agreement (33.3%). CONCLUSIONS FAO/WHO/UNU W equations may estimate the REE in overweight and obese women with PCOS. However, the low individual accuracy and agreement in relation to mREE suggest caution regarding when to use the formula to perform an individual nutritional plan.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Dos S Rodrigues
- Department of Nutrition, Nursing School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - A B P Costa
- Department of Nutrition, Nursing School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - D L Campos
- Department of Nutrition, Nursing School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - M P S Silva
- Department of Nutrition, Nursing School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - A L Cândido
- Department of Medical Clinic, Medicine School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - L C Dos Santos
- Department of Nutrition, Nursing School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - A V M Ferreira
- Department of Nutrition, Nursing School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Sinnapah S, Antoine-Jonville S, Hue O. The Association of Body Fat and Leisure Time Physical Activity Called into Question for Asian Indians. Ethn Dis 2016; 26:485-492. [PMID: 27773975 DOI: 10.18865/ed.26.4.485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Thrifty genotypes may predispose to type 2 diabetes and body fat (%BF) excess through a differentiated relationship between physical activity and body fat. We explored this hypothesis in Asian Indians, a population thought to be thrifty. METHODS Three hundred and nine Guadeloupian adolescents responded to the modifiable activity questionnaire. Their body fat was assessed by bioimpedancemetry. We first studied the relationship between %BF and leisure time physical activity (LTPA). We then explored the associations of ethnicity with this relationship in a subgroup of 93 Asian Indians matched with 93 controls for age, sex, and LTPA class. The alpha risk retained was .05. RESULTS The analyses showed that Asian Indians had higher %BF even when matched with controls for age, sex and LTPA quartile, and the relationship between LTPA and %BF observed in controls was not evidenced in Asian Indians. CONCLUSIONS The higher %BF in Asian Indians remained significant even when they were matched with controls for age, sex and LTPA quartile, and their LTPA was not associated ‒ or was at least less robustly associated ‒ with %BF. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis of thriftiness in Asian Indians, with the weaker relationship of high LTPA and low %BF a possible path to thriftiness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Sinnapah
- Laboratoire ACTES, UFR STAPS, Université des Antilles, Campus de Fouillole, BP250, 97157 Pointe à Pitre Cedex, Guadeloupe, France
| | - Sophie Antoine-Jonville
- Laboratoire ACTES, UFR STAPS, Université des Antilles, Campus de Fouillole, BP250, 97157 Pointe à Pitre Cedex, Guadeloupe, France
| | - Olivier Hue
- Laboratoire ACTES, UFR STAPS, Université des Antilles, Campus de Fouillole, BP250, 97157 Pointe à Pitre Cedex, Guadeloupe, France
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