Calcitonin and vitamin D3 have high therapeutic potential for improving diabetic mandibular growth

Neuroendocrine Influencers and Associated Factors That Shape Jaw Movement and Growth in Temporomandibular Joint Disorder Management: A Systematic Review of Clinical and Radiographic Evidence

OBJECTIVE

To investigate the influence of endogenous and exogenous neuroendocrine analogues on the range and motion of jaw movement, mandibular growth, and factors affecting condylar guidance in patients with temporomandibular joint disorders using clinical assessment and radiographic imaging.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

Eligible articles were extracted from eleven databases in early 2023 and screened following PRISMA protocols. Certainty of evidence and potential biases were assessed using the GRADE approach.

RESULTS

Nineteen articles were screened, with four deemed to be of high quality, eight of moderate quality, and the remaining seven of low to very low quality. Corticosteroids improve maximal incisal opening but not TMJ disorder symptoms. Higher doses worsen jaw movement and cause osseous deformity. Growth hormone affects occlusal development, and delayed treatment affects arch width. Sex hormone correlation with TMJ disorder is complex, with some studies showing a correlation between menstrual cycle phases and pain/limited mobility.

CONCLUSIONS

The evaluation of neuroendocrine influencers in relation to jaw movement in patients with temporomandibular joint disorders involves the complex interplay of potentially confounding factors that each require careful consideration to ensure accurate diagnoses and evaluations.

Evaluation of Vitamin D (25OHD), Bone Alkaline Phosphatase (BALP), Serum Calcium, Serum Phosphorus, Ionized Calcium in Patients with Mandibular Third Molar Impaction. An Observational Study

The aim of this study was to evaluate the levels of vitamin D (25OHD) and other bone biomarkers in patients with third molar impaction (TMI). Thirty males and 30 females with unilateral or bilateral impacted mandibular third molar, and 15 males and 15 females as a control group (CG) were recruited. Rx-OPT was used to evaluate dental position and Pederson index to measure the difficulty of the intervention. Bone biomarkers were measured through blood venous sample in TMI group and CG. Mann-Whitney test, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, linear regression model were used to compare the different parameters in the two groups. 25OHD showed lower values in TMI group than in CG (p < 0.05) with values significantly lower in bilateral impaction (p < 0.05). Pearson’s coefficient for 25OHD presented a negative correlation with the Pederson index (ρ = −0.75). Bone alkaline phosphatase (BALP) showed significantly lower dosage in TMI group than CG (p = 0.02), Pearson’s coefficient for BALP presented a negative correlation with the Pederson index. Serum calcium, serum phosphorus, ionized calcium levels in TMI and CG groups were similar and Mann-Whitney test did not significantly differ between TMI and CG. TMI could be a sign of vitamin D deficiency and of low BALP levels that should be investigated.

Dental implant treatment for renal failure patients on dialysis: a clinical guideline

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a worldwide public health problem that is growing in prevalence and is associated with severe complications. During the progression of the disease, a majority of CKD patients suffer oral complications. Dental implants are currently the most reliable and successful treatment for missing teeth. However, due to complications of CKD such as infections, bone lesions, bleeding risks, and altered drug metabolism, dental implant treatment for renal failure patients on dialysis is more challenging. In this review, we have summarized the characteristics of CKD and previous publications regarding dental treatments for renal failure patients. In addition, we discuss our recent research results and clinical experience in order to provide dental implant practitioners with a clinical guideline for dental implant treatment for renal failure patients undergoing hemodialysis.

Influence of uncontrolled diabetes mellitus on periodontal tissues during orthodontic tooth movement: a systematic review of animal studies

Diabetes mellitus (DM) may adversely affect periodontal tissues during orthodontic tooth movement (OTM). The aim of this review is to systematically analyze and review animal studies investigating the effect of DM on periodontal tissues during OTM. An electronic search was conducted via PubMed/Medline, Google Scholar, Embase, ISI Web of Knowledge, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CONTROL) using the keywords “diabetes,” “orthodontics,” and “tooth movement” for studies published between January 2000 and August 2016. After elimination of duplicate items, the primary search resulted in 89 articles. After exclusion of irrelevant articles on the basis of abstract and title, full texts of 25 articles were read to exclude additional irrelevant studies. Seven animal studies were included in this review for qualitative analysis. When compared to healthy animals, more bone resorption and diminished bone remodeling were observed in diabetic animals in all studies. Furthermore, DM decreased the rate of OTM in one study, but in another study, DM accelerated OTM. DM may adversely affect bone remodeling and tooth movement during application of orthodontic forces. However, a number of potential sources of bias and deficiencies in methodology are present in studies investigating the association between OTM and DM. Hence, more long-term and well-designed studies are required before the exact mechanism and impact of DM on outcomes of orthodontic treatment is understood.