1
|
Leite ML, Comeau P, Aghakeshmiri S, Lange D, Rodrigues LKA, Branda N, Manso AP. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy against a dual-species cariogenic biofilm using a ruthenium-loaded resin-based dental material. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2024; 46:104019. [PMID: 38395246 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2024.104019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans are associated with caries recurrence. Therefore, this study evaluated the combination of a Ru(II)-loaded resin-based dental material (RDM) and antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) against a dual-species biofilm of S. mutans and C. albicans. METHODS An aPDT protocol was established evaluating Ru(II)'s photocatalytic activity and antimicrobial potential under blue LED irradiation (440-460 nm, 22.55 mW/cm2) at different energy densities (0.00, 6.25, 20.25, 40.50 J/cm2). This evaluation involved singlet oxygen quantification and determination of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal/fungicidal concentration (MBC/MFC). The biofilm was grown (72 h) on resin disks prepared with Ru(II)-doped RDM (0.00, 0.56, or 1.12 %) and samples were exposed to aPDT or dark conditions. The biofilm was then harvested to analyze cell viability (CFU counts) and formation of soluble and insoluble exopolysaccharides. RESULTS The photocatalytic activity of Ru(II) was concentration and energy density dependent (p < 0.05), and MIC/MBC values were reduced for the microorganisms after LED irradiation (40.5 J/cm2); therefor, this energy density was chosen for aPDT. Although incorporation of Ru(II) into RDM reduced the biofilm growth compared to Ru(II)-free RDM for both species in dark conditions (p < 0.05), aPDT combined with an Ru(II)-loaded RDM (0.56 or 1.12 %) potentialized CFU reductions (p < 0.05). Conversely, only 1.12 % Ru(II) with LED irradiation showed lower levels of both soluble and insoluble exopolysaccharides compared to Ru(II)-free samples in dark conditions (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS When the Ru(II)-loaded RDM was associated with blue LED, aPDT reduced cell viability and lower soluble and insoluble exopolysaccharides were found in the cariogenic dual-species biofilm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Luísa Leite
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Division of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of British Columbia, 2199 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Patricia Comeau
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Gina Cody School of Engineering and Computer Science, Concordia University, 1455 De Maisonneuve Blvd. W., Montreal, QC H3G 1M8, Canada
| | - Sana Aghakeshmiri
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Division of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of British Columbia, 2199 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Dirk Lange
- Department of Urological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, 2775 Laurel St, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - Lidiany Karla Azevedo Rodrigues
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Federal University of Ceará, 1057 Monsenhor Furtado St, Fortaleza, CE 60430-355, Brazil
| | - Neil Branda
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 0A7, Canada
| | - Adriana Pigozzo Manso
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Division of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of British Columbia, 2199 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Musa OI, Akande SA, Ijah UJJ, Abioye OP, Maude AM, Samuel JO, Mustapha A, Abdulrahim AM, Gusdanis ACG. Biofilms communities in the soil: characteristic and interactions using mathematical model. Res Microbiol 2024; 175:104149. [PMID: 37923049 DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2023.104149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
There are many different kinds of microorganisms in the soil, and many of them are biofilms because they can make supracellular compounds. Surface-associated microorganisms in a biofilm are encased in a hydrated extracellular polymeric substance that aids in adherence and survival. Numerous different kinds of microorganisms call the soil home. Strong interactions with and among species are made possible by biofilms; this, in turn, might increase the effectiveness with which organic compounds and poisons in soil are degraded. This encouraged us to take a close look at soil biofilm ecosystems, which we do in this paper. In this research, we will look at how soil biofilms arise and how that affects the composition of microbial communities and their function in the soil. Recent years have seen an uptick in interest in questions about biofilm structure and the social interactions of various bacteria. Many concepts elucidating the underlying mathematics of biofilm growth are also presented. Since biofilms are so widespread, this breakthrough in soil biofilm inquiry might help scientists understand soil microbiomes better. Mathematical models further extrapolate the relationships between microbial communities and gives a more precise information as to what is happening in a biofilm. Biofilms can help plants cope with a variety of environmental challenges. Soil quality, plant nourishment, plant protection, bioremediation, and climate change are all influenced by the interplay of biofilm communities. Thus, biofilms play an important role in the development of environmentally friendly and sustainable agriculture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ojeba Innocent Musa
- Department of Microbiology, Skyline University Nigeria, Kano State, Nigeria.
| | | | | | - Olabisi Peter Abioye
- Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Technology, Minna Niger State, Nigeria
| | - Asmau Mohammed Maude
- Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Technology, Minna Niger State, Nigeria
| | - Job Oloruntoba Samuel
- Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Technology, Minna Niger State, Nigeria
| | - Adamu Mustapha
- Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Technology, Minna Niger State, Nigeria
| | - Al-Musbahu Abdulrahim
- Department of Mathematics, Federal University of Technology, Minna Niger State, Nigeria
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Srinivasan A, Sajeevan A, Rajaramon S, David H, Solomon AP. Solving polymicrobial puzzles: evolutionary dynamics and future directions. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1295063. [PMID: 38145044 PMCID: PMC10748482 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1295063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Polymicrobial infections include various microorganisms, often necessitating different treatment methods than a monomicrobial infection. Scientists have been puzzled by the complex interactions within these communities for generations. The presence of specific microorganisms warrants a chronic infection and impacts crucial factors such as virulence and antibiotic susceptibility. Game theory is valuable for scenarios involving multiple decision-makers, but its relevance to polymicrobial infections is limited. Eco-evolutionary dynamics introduce causation for multiple proteomic interactions like metabolic syntropy and niche segregation. The review culminates both these giants to form evolutionary dynamics (ED). There is a significant amount of literature on inter-bacterial interactions that remain unsynchronised. Such raw data can only be moulded by analysing the ED involved. The review culminates the inter-bacterial interactions in multiple clinically relevant polymicrobial infections like chronic wounds, CAUTI, otitis media and dental carries. The data is further moulded with ED to analyse the niche colonisation of two notoriously competitive bacteria: S.aureus and P.aeruginosa. The review attempts to develop a future trajectory for polymicrobial research by following recent innovative strategies incorporating ED to curb polymicrobial infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Adline Princy Solomon
- Quorum Sensing Laboratory, Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases (CRID), School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed to be University, Thanjavur, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Turnlund AC, Vanwonterghem I, Botté ES, Randall CJ, Giuliano C, Kam L, Bell S, O'Brien P, Negri AP, Webster NS, Lurgi M. Linking differences in microbial network structure with changes in coral larval settlement. ISME COMMUNICATIONS 2023; 3:114. [PMID: 37865659 PMCID: PMC10590418 DOI: 10.1038/s43705-023-00320-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
Coral cover and recruitment have decreased on reefs worldwide due to climate change-related disturbances. Achieving reliable coral larval settlement under aquaculture conditions is critical for reef restoration programmes; however, this can be challenging due to the lack of reliable and universal larval settlement cues. To investigate the role of microorganisms in coral larval settlement, we undertook a settlement choice experiment with larvae of the coral Acropora tenuis and microbial biofilms grown for different periods on the reef and in aquaria. Biofilm community composition across conditioning types and time was profiled using 16S and 18S rRNA gene sequencing. Co-occurrence networks revealed that strong larval settlement correlated with diverse biofilm communities, with specific nodes in the network facilitating connections between modules comprised of low- vs high-settlement communities. Taxa associated with high-settlement communities were identified as Myxoccales sp., Granulosicoccus sp., Alcanivoraceae sp., unassigned JTB23 sp. (Gammaproteobacteria), and Pseudovibrio denitrificans. Meanwhile, taxa closely related to Reichenbachiella agariperforans, Pleurocapsa sp., Alcanivorax sp., Sneathiella limmimaris, as well as several diatom and brown algae were associated with low settlement. Our results characterise high-settlement biofilm communities and identify transitionary taxa that may develop settlement-inducing biofilms to improve coral larval settlement in aquaculture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abigail C Turnlund
- The University of Queensland, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, Australian Centre for Ecogenomics, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Inka Vanwonterghem
- The University of Queensland, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, Australian Centre for Ecogenomics, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Emmanuelle S Botté
- Centre for Marine Science and Innovation, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Carly J Randall
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | | | - Lisa Kam
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Sara Bell
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Paul O'Brien
- The University of Queensland, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, Australian Centre for Ecogenomics, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Andrew P Negri
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Nicole S Webster
- The University of Queensland, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, Australian Centre for Ecogenomics, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, QLD, Australia
- Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water, Australian Antarctic Division, Kingston, ACT, Australia
| | - Miguel Lurgi
- Department of Biosciences, Swansea University, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lamont RJ, Hajishengallis G, Koo H. Social networking at the microbiome-host interface. Infect Immun 2023; 91:e0012423. [PMID: 37594277 PMCID: PMC10501221 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00124-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbial species colonizing host ecosystems in health or disease rarely do so alone. Organisms conglomerate into dynamic heterotypic communities or biofilms in which interspecies and interkingdom interactions drive functional specialization of constituent species and shape community properties, including nososymbiocity or pathogenic potential. Cell-to-cell binding, exchange of signaling molecules, and nutritional codependencies can all contribute to the emergent properties of these communities. Spatial constraints defined by community architecture also determine overall community function. Multilayered interactions thus occur between individual pairs of organisms, and the relative impact can be determined by contextual cues. Host responses to heterotypic communities and impact on host surfaces are also driven by the collective action of the community. Additionally, the range of interspecies interactions can be extended by bacteria utilizing host cells or host diet to indirectly or directly influence the properties of other organisms and the community microenvironment. In contexts where communities transition to a dysbiotic state, their quasi-organismal nature imparts adaptability to nutritional availability and facilitates resistance to immune effectors and, moreover, exploits inflammatory and acidic microenvironments for their persistence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard J. Lamont
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, School of Dentistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - George Hajishengallis
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Inflammation, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Hyun Koo
- Department of Orthodontics and Divisions of Pediatric Dentistry and Community Oral Health, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Biofilm Research Laboratories, Center for Innovation & Precision Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhang K, Sun IG, Liao B, Yang Y, Ma H, Jiang A, Chen S, Guo Q, Ren B. Streptococcus mutans sigX-inducing peptide inhibits the virulence of Candida albicans and oral candidiasis through the Ras1-cAMP-Efg1 pathway. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2023; 62:106855. [PMID: 37211262 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2023.106855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Oral candidiasis is the most common fungal infectious disease in the human oral cavity, and Candida albicans is the major pathogenic agent. Increasing drug resistance and the lack of new types of antifungals greatly increase the challenges for treating fungal infections. Targeting hyphal transition provides a promising strategy to inhibit the virulence of C. albicans and overcome drug resistance. This study aimed to investigate the effects and mechanisms of sigX-inducing peptide (XIP), a quorum-sensing signal peptide secreted by Streptococcus mutans, on C. albicans hyphal development and biofilm formation in vitro and oropharyngeal candidiasis in vivo. XIP significantly inhibited C. albicans yeast-to-hypha transition and biofilm formation in a dose-dependent manner from 0.01 to 0.1 µM. XIP significantly downregulated expression of genes from the Ras1-cAMP-Efg1 pathway (RAS1, CYR1, TPK2, EFG1 and UME6), a key pathway to regulate C. albicans hyphal development. Importantly, XIP reduced the levels of key molecules cAMP and ATP from this pathway, while the addition of exogenous cAMP and overexpression of RAS1 restored the hyphal development inhibited by XIP. XIP also lost its hyphal inhibitory effects on ras1Δ/Δ and efg1Δ/Δ strains. These results further confirmed that XIP inhibited hyphal development through downregulation of the Ras1-cAMP-Efg1 pathway. A murine oropharyngeal candidiasis model was employed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of XIP on oral candidiasis. XIP effectively reduced the infected epithelial area, fungal burden, hyphal invasion and inflammatory infiltrates. These results revealed the antifungal effects of XIP, and highlighted that XIP can be a potential antifungal peptide against C. albicans infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaiwen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Orthodontics Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ivy Guofang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Binyou Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yichun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huangshui Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Aiming Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Song Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Orthodontics Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Biao Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Maqsood Q, Sumrin A, Waseem R, Hussain M, Imtiaz M, Hussain N. Bioengineered microbial strains for detoxification of toxic environmental pollutants. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 227:115665. [PMID: 36907340 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Industrialization and other anthropogenic human activities pose significant environmental risks. As a result of the hazardous pollution, numerous living organisms may suffer from undesirable diseases in their separate habitats. Bioremediation, which removes hazardous compounds from the environment using microbes or their biologically active metabolites, is one of the most successful remediation approaches. According to the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP), deteriorating soil health negatively impacts food security and human health over time. Soil health restoration is critical right now. Microbes are widely known for their importance in cleaning up toxins present in the soil, such as heavy metals, pesticides, and hydrocarbons. However, the capacity of local bacteria to digest these pollutants is limited, and the process takes an extended time. Genetically modified organisms (GMOs), whose altered metabolic pathways promote the over-secretion of a variety of proteins favorable to the bioremediation process, can speed up the breakdown process. The need for remediation procedures, degrees of soil contamination, site circumstances, broad adoptions, and numerous possibilities occurring at various cleaning stages are all studied in detail. Massive efforts to restore contaminated soils have also resulted in severe issues. This review focuses on the enzymatic removal of hazardous pollutants from the environment, such as pesticides, heavy metals, dyes, and plastics. There are also in-depth assessments of present discoveries and future plans for efficient enzymatic degradation of hazardous pollutants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Quratulain Maqsood
- Center for Applied Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Aleena Sumrin
- Center for Applied Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Rafia Waseem
- Center for Applied Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Maria Hussain
- Center for Applied Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mehwish Imtiaz
- Center for Applied Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Nazim Hussain
- Center for Applied Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Li Y, Sun G, Xie J, Xiao S, Lin C. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy against oral biofilm: influencing factors, mechanisms, and combined actions with other strategies. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1192955. [PMID: 37362926 PMCID: PMC10288113 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1192955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral biofilms are a prominent cause of a wide variety of oral infectious diseases which are still considered as growing public health problems worldwide. Oral biofilms harbor specific virulence factors that would aggravate the infectious process and present resistance to some traditional therapies. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) has been proposed as a potential approach to eliminate oral biofilms via in situ-generated reactive oxygen species. Although numerous types of research have investigated the effectiveness of aPDT, few review articles have listed the antimicrobial mechanisms of aPDT on oral biofilms and new methods to improve the efficiency of aPDT. The review aims to summarize the virulence factors of oral biofilms, the progress of aPDT in various oral biofilm elimination, the mechanism mediated by aPDT, and combinatorial approaches of aPDT with other traditional agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yijun Li
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Guanwen Sun
- Department of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University Xiamen Humanity Hospital, Xiamen, China
| | - Jingchan Xie
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Suli Xiao
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Chen Lin
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Li Y, Huang S, Du J, Wu M, Huang X. Current and prospective therapeutic strategies: tackling Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans cross-kingdom biofilm. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1106231. [PMID: 37249973 PMCID: PMC10213903 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1106231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Candida albicans (C. albicans) is the most frequent strain associated with cross-kingdom infections in the oral cavity. Clinical evidence shows the co-existence of Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) and C. albicans in the carious lesions especially in children with early childhood caries (ECC) and demonstrates the close interaction between them. During the interaction, both S. mutans and C. albicans have evolved a complex network of regulatory mechanisms to boost cariogenic virulence and modulate tolerance upon stress changes in the external environment. The intricate relationship and unpredictable consequences pose great therapeutic challenges in clinics, which indicate the demand for de novo emergence of potential antimicrobial therapy with multi-targets or combinatorial therapies. In this article, we present an overview of the clinical significance, and cooperative network of the cross-kingdom interaction between S. mutans and C. albicans. Furthermore, we also summarize the current strategies for targeting cross-kingdom biofilm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yijun Li
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial and Stomatological Key Lab of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Shan Huang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial and Stomatological Key Lab of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jingyun Du
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial and Stomatological Key Lab of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Minjing Wu
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojing Huang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial and Stomatological Key Lab of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Microbiome engineering for bioremediation of emerging pollutants. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2023; 46:323-339. [PMID: 36029349 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-022-02777-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Axenic microbial applications in the open environment are unrealistic and may not be always practically viable. Therefore, it is important to use mixed microbial cultures and their interactions with the microbiome in the targeted ecosystem to perform robust functions towards their sustainability in harsh environmental conditions. Emerging pollutants like phthalates and hydrocarbons that are toxic to several aquatic and terrestrial life forms in the water bodies and lands are an alarming situation. The present review explores the possibility of devising an inclusive eco-friendly strategy like microbiome engineering which proves to be a unique and crucial technology involving the power of microbial communication through quorum sensing. This review discusses the interspecies and intra-species communications between different microbial groups with their respective environments. Moreover, this review also envisages the efforts for designing the next level of microbiome-host engineering concept (MHEC). The focus of the review also extended toward using omics and metabolic network analysis-based tools for effective microbiome engineering. These approaches might be quite helpful in the future to understand such microbial interactions but it will be challenging to implement in the real environment to get the desired functions. Finally, the review also discusses multiple approaches for the bioremediation of toxic chemicals from the soil environment.
Collapse
|
11
|
Zaidi S, Ali K, Chawla YM, Khan AU. mltG gene deletion mitigated virulence potential of Streptococcus mutans: An in-vitro, ex-situ and in-vivo study. AMB Express 2023; 13:19. [PMID: 36806997 PMCID: PMC9941400 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-023-01526-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial cells are surrounded by a peptidoglycan (PG) cell wall, which is essential for cell integrity and intrinsic biogenesis pathways; hence, the cell wall is a potential target for several antibiotics. Among several lytic transglycosylases (LTs), the mltG gene plays a crucial role in the synthesis of peripheral PG. It localises the re-modelled PGs for septum formation and cleavage across the bacterial cell wall during daughter cells separation. However, the role of mltG gene in bacterial virulence, particularly in Gram-positive bacteria during dentine biofilm and caries development, has remained unexplored. Hence, we exploited Gram-positive Streptococcus mutans cells for the very first time to construct a mltG knock-out bacterial strain, e.g., ΔmltG S. mutans. Systematic comparative investigations revealed that doubling time (Td), survival, enzymatic efficiencies, pH tolerance, bio-synthesise of lipid, proteins and DNA, biofilm formation and dentine lesions were significantly (p < 0.001) compromised in case of ΔmltG S. mutans than wild type strain. The qRT-PCR based gene expression profiling revealed that transcriptional expression of critically important genes involved in biofilm, metabolism, and stress response were dysregulated in the mutant. Besides, an incredible reduction in dentine caries development was found in the molar teeth of Wistar rats and also in human extracted teeth. Concisely, these trends obtained evidently advocated the fact that the deletion of mltG gene can be a potential target to impair the S. mutans virulence through severe growth retardation, thereby reducing the virulence potential of S. mutans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Zaidi
- grid.411340.30000 0004 1937 0765Medical Microbiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Interdisciplinary, Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002 UP India
| | - Khursheed Ali
- grid.411340.30000 0004 1937 0765Medical Microbiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Interdisciplinary, Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002 UP India
| | - Yadya M. Chawla
- grid.425195.e0000 0004 0498 7682ICGEB-Emory Vaccine Center, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Asad U. Khan
- grid.411340.30000 0004 1937 0765Medical Microbiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Interdisciplinary, Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002 UP India
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Avraham M, Steinberg D, Barak T, Shalish M, Feldman M, Sionov RV. Improved Anti-Biofilm Effect against the Oral Cariogenic Streptococcus mutans by Combined Triclosan/CBD Treatment. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11020521. [PMID: 36831057 PMCID: PMC9953046 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus mutans is a Gram-positive bacterium highly associated with dental caries, and it has a strong biofilm-forming ability, especially in a sugar-rich environment. Many strategies have been undertaken to prevent dental caries by targeting these bacteria. Recently, we observed that a sustained-release varnish containing triclosan and cannabidiol (CBD) was more efficient than each compound alone in preventing biofilm formation by the fungus Candida albicans, which is frequently involved in oral infections together with S. mutans. It was therefore inquiring to study the effect of this drug combination on S. mutans. We observed that the combined treatment of triclosan and CBD had stronger anti-bacterial and anti-biofilm activity than each compound alone, thus enabling the use of lower concentrations of each drug to achieve the desired effect. The combined drug treatment led to an increase in the SYTO 9low, propidium iodide (PI)high bacterial population as analyzed by flow cytometry, indicative for bacteria with disrupted membrane. Both triclosan and CBD induced membrane hyperpolarization, although there was no additive effect on this parameter. HR-SEM images of CBD-treated bacteria show the appearance of elongated and swollen bacteria with several irregular septa structures, and upon combined treatment with triclosan, the bacteria took on a swollen ellipse and sometimes oval morphology. Increased biofilm formation was observed at sub-MIC concentrations of each compound alone, while combining the drugs at these sub-MIC concentrations, the biofilm formation was prevented. The inhibition of biofilm formation was confirmed by CV biomass staining, MTT metabolic activity, HR-SEM and live/dead together with exopolysaccharide (EPS) staining visualized by spinning disk confocal microscopy. Importantly, the concentrations required for the anti-bacterial and anti-biofilm activities toward S. mutans were non-toxic to the normal Vero epithelial cells. In conclusion, the data obtained in this study propose a beneficial role of combined triclosan/CBD treatment for potential protection against dental caries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maayan Avraham
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Ein Kerem Campus, Institute of Biomedical and Oral Research (IBOR), The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
- Division of Biotechnology, Strauss Campus, Hadassah Academic College, Jerusalem 9514223, Israel
| | - Doron Steinberg
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Ein Kerem Campus, Institute of Biomedical and Oral Research (IBOR), The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
| | - Tamar Barak
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Ein Kerem Campus, Institute of Biomedical and Oral Research (IBOR), The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
- Hadassah Medical Center, Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
| | - Miriam Shalish
- Hadassah Medical Center, Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
| | - Mark Feldman
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Ein Kerem Campus, Institute of Biomedical and Oral Research (IBOR), The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
| | - Ronit Vogt Sionov
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Ein Kerem Campus, Institute of Biomedical and Oral Research (IBOR), The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Puvača N, Ljubojević Pelić D, Pelić M, Bursić V, Tufarelli V, Piemontese L, Vuković G. Microbial Resistance to Antibiotics and Biofilm Formation of Bacterial Isolates from Different Carp Species and Risk Assessment for Public Health. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12010143. [PMID: 36671344 PMCID: PMC9855140 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12010143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this research was to investigate the effects of biofilm on antibiotic resistance of the bacterial isolates present in fish meat and to assess the risk of antibiotic residues for public health. Common carp, silver carp and grass carp fishes were purchased from retail stores for an in vitro biofilm investigation and a drug-resistant pattern determination. In all samples, up to 104 CFU/g of bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, Aeromonas hydrophila, Shewanella putrefaciens, Vibrio spp. and Staphylococcus spp., were observed. Isolates from the samples and their biofilms were subjected to an antibiogram assay using antibiotics such as amoxicillin, ampicillin, cefotaxime, ciprofloxacin, chloramphenicol, gentamicin, streptomycin, tetracycline and trimethoprim. Obtained results showed that some of the isolates were sensitive to antibiotics and some were resistant. Results of LC-MS/MS analysis showed that antibiotics residues were present in fish samples in the range between 4.9 and 199.4 µg/kg, with a total sum of 417.1 µg/kg. Estimated daily intake (EDI) was established to be 0.274 μg/kg of body weight/day for men and 0.332 μg/kg of body weight/day for women, with an acceptable daily intake (ADI) of 8.5 and 7.0 µg/kg of body weight/day for men and women, respectively. The results of the present study, therefore, highlight the safe consumption of fresh fish.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikola Puvača
- Department of Engineering Management in Biotechnology, Faculty of Economics and Engineering Management in Novi Sad, University Business Academy in Novi Sad, Cvećarska 2, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +381-65-219-1284
| | | | - Miloš Pelić
- Scientific Veterinary Institute Novi Sad, Rumenački Put 20, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Vojislava Bursić
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 8, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Vincenzo Tufarelli
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Jonian Area (DiMePRe-J), Section of Veterinary Science and Animal Production, University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, 70010 Bari, Italy
| | - Luca Piemontese
- Department of Pharmacy—Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Gorica Vuković
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Guo M, Yang K, Zhou Z, Chen Y, Zhou Z, Chen P, Huang R, Wang X. Inhibitory effects of Stevioside on Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans dual-species biofilm. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1128668. [PMID: 37089575 PMCID: PMC10113668 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1128668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Streptococcus mutans is the most prevalent biofilm-forming pathogen in dental caries, while Candida albicans is often detected in the presence of S. mutans. Methods We aimed to evaluate the anti-caries effect of stevioside in medium trypticase soy broth (TSB) with or without sucrose supplementation compared with the same sweetness sucrose and xylitol in a dual-species model of S. mutans and C. albicans, based on planktonic growth, crystal violet assay, acid production, biofilm structural imaging, confocal laser scanning microscopy, and RNA sequencing. Results Our results showed that compared with sucrose, stevioside significantly inhibited planktonic growth and acid production, changed the structure of the mixed biofilm, and reduced the viability of biofilm and the production of extracellular polysaccharides in dual-species biofilm. Through RNA-seq, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway impact analysis showed that stevioside decreased sucrose metabolism and increased galactose and intracellular polysaccharide metabolism in S. mutans, and decreased genes related to GPI-modified proteins and secreted aspartyl proteinase (SAP) family in C. albicans. In contrast to xylitol, stevioside also inhibited the transformation of fungal morphology of C. albicans, which did not form mycelia and thus had reduced pathogenicity. Stevioside revealed a superior suppression of dual-species biofilm formation compared to sucrose and a similar anti-caries effect with xylitol. However, sucrose supplementation diminished the suppression of stevioside on S. mutans and C. albicans. Conclusions Our study is the first to confirm that stevioside has anticariogenic effects on S. mutans and C. albicans in a dual-species biofilm. As a substitute for sucrose, it may help reduce the risk of developing dental caries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhu Guo
- Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Kuan Yang
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhifei Zhou
- Department of Stomatology, General Hospital of Tibet Military Region, Chinese People’s Liberation Army, Lhasa, Tibet, China
| | - Yujiang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Ziye Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Ruizhe Huang
- Department of Oral Prevention, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Ruizhe Huang,
| | - Xiaojing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- Xiaojing Wang,
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Xiao J, Zeng Y, Rustchenko E, Huang X, Wu TT, Falsetta ML. Dual transcriptome of Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans interplay in biofilms. J Oral Microbiol 2023; 15:2144047. [PMID: 36389056 PMCID: PMC9662060 DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2022.2144047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To assess the interactions between Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans during cariogenic biofilm formation. Methods The S. mutans and C. albicans duo-species biofilms were formed in 1% sucrose to mimic the high caries risk challenges. The biofilm structure was assessed using two-photon laser confocal microscopy. The transcriptome of 48h-biofilms was assessed by RNA-Seq. The expression of S. mutans and C. albicans virulence genes was examined via real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Results The morphogenesis of C. albicans-S. mutans duo-species biofilms was significantly altered when comparing to S. mutans or C. albicans single-species biofilm. Duo-species biofilms exhibited unique expression profile with a large number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including a higher expression of S. mutans atpD (acid-adaptive), C. albicans CHT2 (fungal cell wall chitin remodeling), and C. albicans SOD3 (cytotoxic oxygen radical destroying) (p < 0.05). KEGG pathway analyses further revealed that the majority of the up-regulated DEGs are related to microbial metabolism. Furthermore, the expressions of S. mutans and C. albicans key virulence genes (gtfB, gtfC, gtfD, ECE1, HWP1, ERG4, CHT2) were associated with sugar availability-related and time-related dynamics. Conclusion Cross-kingdom interactions impact S. mutans-C. albicans biofilm formations and dynamic expressions of virulence genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Xiao
- Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Yan Zeng
- Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Elena Rustchenko
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Xinyan Huang
- Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Tong Tong Wu
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Megan L. Falsetta
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Negrini TDC, Ren Z, Miao Y, Kim D, Simon-Soro Á, Liu Y, Koo H, Arthur RA. Dietary sugars modulate bacterial-fungal interactions in saliva and inter-kingdom biofilm formation on apatitic surface. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:993640. [PMID: 36439211 PMCID: PMC9681999 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.993640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacteria and fungi can interact to form inter-kingdom biofilms in the oral cavity. Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans are frequently detected in saliva and in dental biofilms associated with early childhood caries (tooth-decay), a prevalent oral disease induced by dietary sugars. However, how different sugars influence this bacterial-fungal interaction remains unclear. Here, we investigate whether specific sugars affect the inter-kingdom interaction in saliva and subsequent biofilm formation on tooth-mimetic surfaces. The microbes were incubated in saliva containing common dietary sugars (glucose and fructose, sucrose, starch, and combinations) and analyzed via fluorescence imaging and quantitative computational analyses. The bacterial and fungal cells in saliva were then transferred to hydroxyapatite discs (tooth mimic) to allow microbial binding and biofilm development. We found diverse bacterial-fungal aggregates which varied in size, structure, and spatial organization depending on the type of sugars. Sucrose and starch+sucrose induced the formation of large mixed-species aggregates characterized by bacterial clusters co-bound with fungal cells, whereas mostly single-cells were found in the absence of sugar or in the presence of glucose and fructose. Notably, both colonization and further growth on the apatitic surface were dependent on sugar-mediated aggregation, leading to biofilms with distinctive spatial organizations and 3D architectures. Starch+sucrose and sucrose-mediated aggregates developed into large and highly acidogenic biofilms with complex network of bacterial and fungal cells (yeast and hyphae) surrounded by an intricate matrix of extracellular glucans. In contrast, biofilms originated from glucose and fructose-mediated consortia (or without sugar) were sparsely distributed on the surface without structural integration, growing predominantly as individual species with reduced acidogenicity. These findings reveal the impact of dietary sugars on inter-kingdom interactions in saliva and how they mediate biofilm formation with distinctive structural organization and varying acidogenicity implicated with human tooth-decay.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thais de Cássia Negrini
- Biofilm Research Laboratories, Center for Innovation & Precision Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States,Department of Orthodontics and Divisions of Pediatric Dentistry & Community Oral Health, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States,Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sao Paulo State University, Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Zhi Ren
- Biofilm Research Laboratories, Center for Innovation & Precision Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States,Department of Orthodontics and Divisions of Pediatric Dentistry & Community Oral Health, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Yilan Miao
- Biofilm Research Laboratories, Center for Innovation & Precision Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States,Department of Orthodontics and Divisions of Pediatric Dentistry & Community Oral Health, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Dongyeop Kim
- Biofilm Research Laboratories, Center for Innovation & Precision Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States,Department of Orthodontics and Divisions of Pediatric Dentistry & Community Oral Health, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States,Department of Preventive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, and Institute of Oral Bioscience, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Áurea Simon-Soro
- Biofilm Research Laboratories, Center for Innovation & Precision Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States,Department of Orthodontics and Divisions of Pediatric Dentistry & Community Oral Health, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States,Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Yuan Liu
- Biofilm Research Laboratories, Center for Innovation & Precision Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States,Department of Orthodontics and Divisions of Pediatric Dentistry & Community Oral Health, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States,Preventive & Restorative Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Hyun Koo
- Biofilm Research Laboratories, Center for Innovation & Precision Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States,Department of Orthodontics and Divisions of Pediatric Dentistry & Community Oral Health, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Rodrigo Alex Arthur
- Biofilm Research Laboratories, Center for Innovation & Precision Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States,Department of Orthodontics and Divisions of Pediatric Dentistry & Community Oral Health, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States,Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, Dental School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil,*Correspondence: Rodrigo Alex Arthur,
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Du Q, Ren B, Zhou X, Zhang L, Xu X. Cross-kingdom interaction between Candida albicans and oral bacteria. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:911623. [PMID: 36406433 PMCID: PMC9668886 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.911623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Candida albicans is a symbiotic fungus that commonly colonizes on oral mucosal surfaces and mainly affects immuno-compromised individuals. Polymicrobial interactions between C. albicans and oral microbes influence the cellular and biochemical composition of the biofilm, contributing to change clinically relevant outcomes of biofilm-related oral diseases, such as pathogenesis, virulence, and drug-resistance. Notably, the symbiotic relationships between C. albicans and oral bacteria have been well-documented in dental caries, oral mucositis, endodontic and periodontal diseases, implant-related infections, and oral cancer. C. albicans interacts with co-existing oral bacteria through physical attachment, extracellular signals, and metabolic cross-feeding. This review discusses the bacterial-fungal interactions between C. albicans and different oral bacteria, with a particular focus on the underlying mechanism and its relevance to the development and clinical management of oral diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Du
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Biao Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuedong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Liu Y, Wang Z, Zhou Z, Ma Q, Li J, Huang J, Lei L, Zhou X, Cheng L, Zou J, Ren B. Candida albicans CHK1 gene regulates its cross-kingdom interactions with Streptococcus mutans to promote caries. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 106:7251-7263. [PMID: 36195704 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-12211-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The cross-kingdom interactions between Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans have played important roles in early childhood caries (ECC). However, the key pathways of C. albicans promoting the cariogenicity of S. mutans are still unclear. Here, we found that C. albicans CHK1 gene was highly upregulated in their dual-species biofilms. C. albicans chk1Δ/Δ significantly reduced the synergistical growth promotion, biofilm formation, and exopolysaccharides (EPS) production of S. mutans, the key cariogenic agent, compared to C. albicans wild type (WT) and CHK1 complementary strains. C. albicans WT upregulated the expressions of S. mutans EPS biosynthesis genes gtfB, gtfC, and gtfD, and their regulatory genes vicR and vicK, but chk1Δ/Δ had no effects. Both C. albicans WT and chk1Δ/Δ failed to promote the biofilm formation and EPS production of S. mutans ΔvicK and antisense-vicR strains, indicating that C. albicans CHK1 upregulated S. mutans vicR and vicK to increase the EPS biosynthesis gene expression, then enhanced the EPS production and biofilm formation to promote the cariogenicity. In rat caries model, the coinfection with chk1Δ/Δ and S. mutans decreased the colonization of S. mutans and developed less caries especially the severe caries compared to that from the combinations of S. mutans with C. albicans WT, indicating the essential role of C. albicans CHK1 gene in the development of dental caries. Our study for the first time demonstrated the key roles of C. albicans CHK1 gene in dental caries and suggested that it may be a practical target to reduce or treat ECC. KEY POINTS: • C. albicans CHK1 gene is important for its interaction with S. mutans. • CHK1 regulates S. mutans two-component system to promote its cariogenicity. • CHK1 gene regulates the cariogenicity of S. mutans in rat dental caries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaqi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.,Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.,Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Ziyi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.,Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Qizhao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.,Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.,Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.,Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Lei Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.,Department of Preventive Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuedong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.,Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Lei Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.,Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China. .,Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Biao Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Plunder S, Burkard M, Lauer UM, Venturelli S, Marongiu L. Determination of phage load and administration time in simulated occurrences of antibacterial treatments. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:1040457. [PMID: 36388928 PMCID: PMC9650209 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.1040457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The use of phages as antibacterials is becoming more and more common in Western countries. However, a successful phage-derived antibacterial treatment needs to account for additional features such as the loss of infective virions and the multiplication of the hosts. The parameters critical inoculation size (V F ) and failure threshold time (T F ) have been introduced to assure that the viral dose (V ϕ) and administration time (T ϕ) would lead to the extinction of the targeted bacteria. The problem with the definition of V F and T F is that they are non-linear equations with two unknowns; thus, obtaining their explicit values is cumbersome and not unique. The current study used machine learning to determine V F and T F for an effective antibacterial treatment. Within these ranges, a Pareto optimal solution of a multi-criterial optimization problem (MCOP) provided a pair of V ϕ and T ϕ to facilitate the user's work. The algorithm was tested on a series of in silico microbial consortia that described the outgrowth of a species at high cell density by another species initially present at low concentration. The results demonstrated that the MCOP-derived pairs of V ϕ and T ϕ could effectively wipe out the bacterial target within the context of the simulation. The present study also introduced the concept of mediated phage therapy, where targeting booster bacteria might decrease the virulence of a pathogen immune to phagial infection and highlighted the importance of microbial competition in attaining a successful antibacterial treatment. In summary, the present work developed a novel method for investigating phage/bacteria interactions that can help increase the effectiveness of the application of phages as antibacterials and ease the work of microbiologists.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Plunder
- Department of Mathematics, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Burkard
- Department of Nutritional Biochemistry, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Ulrich M. Lauer
- Department of Internal Medicine VIII, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sascha Venturelli
- Department of Nutritional Biochemistry, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
- Department of Vegetative and Clinical Physiology, Institute of Physiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Luigi Marongiu
- Department of Nutritional Biochemistry, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine VIII, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Yin W, Zhang Z, Shuai X, Zhou X, Yin D. Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester (CAPE) Inhibits Cross-Kingdom Biofilm Formation of Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0157822. [PMID: 35980199 PMCID: PMC9602599 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01578-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans exhibit strong cariogenicity through cross-kingdom biofilm formation during the pathogenesis of dental caries. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), a natural compound, has potential antimicrobial effects on each species individually, but there are no reports of its effect on this dual-species biofilm. This study aimed to explore the effects of CAPE on cariogenic biofilm formation by S. mutans and C. albicans and the related mechanisms. The effect of CAPE on planktonic cell growth was investigated, and crystal violet staining, the anthrone-sulfuric acid assay and confocal laser scanning microscopy were used to evaluate biofilm formation. The structures of the formed biofilms were observed using scanning electron microscopy. To explain the antimicrobial effect of CAPE, quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was applied to monitor the relative expression levels of cariogenic genes. Finally, the biocompatibility of CAPE in human oral keratinocytes (HOKs) was evaluated using the CCK-8 assay. The results showed that CAPE suppressed the growth, biofilm formation and extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) synthesis of C. albicans and S. mutans in the coculture system of the two species. The expression of the gtf gene was also suppressed by CAPE. The efficacy of CAPE was concentration dependent, and the compound exhibited acceptable biocompatibility. Our research lays the foundation for further study of the application of the natural compound CAPE as a potential antimicrobial agent to control dental caries-associated cross-kingdom biofilms. IMPORTANCE Severe dental caries is a multimicrobial infectious disease that is strongly induced by the cross-kingdom biofilm formed by S. mutans and C. albicans. This study aimed to investigate the potential of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) as a natural product in the prevention of severe caries. This study clarified the inhibitory effect of CAPE on cariogenic biofilm formation and the control of cariogenic genes. It deepens our understanding of the synergistic cariogenic effect of S. mutans and C. albicans and provides a new perspective for the prevention and control of dental caries with CAPE. These findings may contribute to the development of CAPE as a promising antimicrobial agent targeting this caries-related cross-kingdom biofilm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wumeng Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Zhong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Xinxing Shuai
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Xuedong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Derong Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Interkingdom assemblages in human saliva display group-level surface mobility and disease-promoting emergent functions. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2209699119. [PMID: 36191236 PMCID: PMC9565521 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2209699119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungi and bacteria form multicellular biofilms causing many human infections. How such distinctive microbes act in concert spatiotemporally to coordinate disease-promoting functionality remains understudied. Using multiscale real-time microscopy and computational analysis, we investigate the dynamics of fungal and bacterial interactions in human saliva and their biofilm development on tooth surfaces. We discovered structured interkingdom assemblages displaying emergent functionalities to enhance collective surface colonization, survival, and growth. Further analyses revealed an unexpected group-level surface mobility with coordinated “leaping-like” and “walking-like” motions while continuously growing. These mobile groups of growing cells promote rapid spatial spreading of both species across surfaces, causing more extensive tooth decay. Our findings show multicellular interkingdom assemblages acting like supraorganisms with functionalities that cannot be achieved without coassembly. Fungi and bacteria often engage in complex interactions, such as the formation of multicellular biofilms within the human body. Knowledge about how interkingdom biofilms initiate and coalesce into higher-level communities and which functions the different species carry out during biofilm formation remain limited. We found native-state assemblages of Candida albicans (fungi) and Streptococcus mutans (bacteria) with highly structured arrangement in saliva from diseased patients with childhood tooth decay. Further analyses revealed that bacterial clusters are attached within a network of fungal yeasts, hyphae, and exopolysaccharides, which bind to surfaces as a preassembled cell group. The interkingdom assemblages exhibit emergent functions, including enhanced surface colonization and growth rate, stronger tolerance to antimicrobials, and improved shear resistance, compared to either species alone. Notably, we discovered that the interkingdom assemblages display a unique form of migratory spatial mobility that enables fast spreading of biofilms across surfaces and causes enhanced, more extensive tooth decay. Using mutants, selective inactivation of species, and selective matrix removal, we demonstrate that the enhanced stress resistance and surface mobility arise from the exopolymeric matrix and require the presence of both species in the assemblage. The mobility is directed by fungal filamentation as hyphae extend and contact the surface, lifting the assemblage with a “forward-leaping motion.” Bacterial cell clusters can “hitchhike” on this mobile unit while continuously growing, to spread across the surface three-dimensionally and merge with other assemblages, promoting community expansion. Together, our results reveal an interkingdom assemblage in human saliva that behaves like a supraorganism, with disease-causing emergent functionalities that cannot be achieved without coassembly.
Collapse
|
22
|
Lu Y, Lei L, Deng Y, Zhang H, Xia M, Wei X, Yang Y, Hu T. RNase III coding genes modulate the cross-kingdom biofilm of Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:957879. [PMID: 36246231 PMCID: PMC9563999 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.957879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus mutans constantly coexists with Candida albicans in plaque biofilms of early childhood caries (ECC). The progression of ECC can be influenced by the interactions between S. mutans and C. albicans through exopolysaccharides (EPS). Our previous studies have shown that rnc, the gene encoding ribonuclease III (RNase III), is implicated in the cariogenicity of S. mutans by regulating EPS metabolism. The DCR1 gene in C. albicans encodes the sole functional RNase III and is capable of producing non-coding RNAs. However, whether rnc or DCR1 can regulate the structure or cariogenic virulence of the cross-kingdom biofilm of S. mutans and C. albicans is not yet well understood. By using gene disruption or overexpression assays, this study aims to investigate the roles of rnc and DCR1 in modulating the biological characteristics of dual-species biofilms of S. mutans and C. albicans and to reveal the molecular mechanism of regulation. The morphology, biomass, EPS content, and lactic acid production of the dual-species biofilm were assessed. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and transcriptomic profiling were performed to unravel the alteration of C. albicans virulence. We found that both rnc and DCR1 could regulate the biological traits of cross-kingdom biofilms. The rnc gene prominently contributed to the formation of dual-species biofilms by positively modulating the extracellular polysaccharide synthesis, leading to increased biomass, biofilm roughness, and acid production. Changes in the microecological system probably impacted the virulence as well as polysaccharide or pyruvate metabolism pathways of C. albicans, which facilitated the assembly of a cariogenic cross-kingdom biofilm and the generation of an augmented acidic milieu. These results may provide an avenue for exploring new targets for the effective prevention and treatment of ECC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yangyu Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Preventive Dentistry, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Preventive Dentistry, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yalan Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Preventive Dentistry, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Preventive Dentistry, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mengying Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Preventive Dentistry, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xi Wei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Preventive Dentistry, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Yingming Yang,
| | - Tao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Preventive Dentistry, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Tao Hu,
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Yu D, Liu Z. The research progress in the interaction between Candida albicans and cancers. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:988734. [PMID: 36246294 PMCID: PMC9554461 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.988734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Candida albicans is an opportunistic pathogenic fungus, which tends to infect the host with defective immune function including cancer patients. A growing number of studies have shown that C. albicans infection increases the host susceptibility to cancer such as oral, gastric, and colorectal cancer. Cancer and anti-cancer treatment may also affect the colonization of C. albicans. C. albicans may promote the development of cancer by damaging mucosal epithelium, inducing the production of carcinogens, triggering chronic inflammation including Th17 cell-mediated immune response. In this article, we aim to elaborate the interaction between C. albicans and cancers development and summarize the potential molecular mechanisms, so as to provide theoretical basis for prevention, diagnosis and treatment of cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dalang Yu
- School of Basic Medicine, Fuzhou Medical College of Nanchang University, Fuzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zhiping Liu
- School of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- *Correspondence: Zhiping Liu,
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Shi Y, Liang J, Zhou X, Ren B, Wang H, Han Q, Li H, Cheng L. Effects of a Novel, Intelligent, pH-Responsive Resin Adhesive on Cariogenic Biofilms In Vitro. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11091014. [PMID: 36145446 PMCID: PMC9502692 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11091014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Secondary caries often result in a high failure rate of resin composite restoration. Herein, we studied the dodecylmethylaminoethyl methacrylate−modified resin adhesive (DMAEM@RA) to investigate its pH-responsive antimicrobial effect on Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans dual-species biofilms and on secondary caries. Methods: Firstly, the pH-responsive antimicrobial experiments including colony-forming units, scanning electron microscopy and exopoly-saccharide staining were measured. Secondly, lactic acid measurement and transverse microradiography analysis were performed to determine the preventive effect of DMAEM@RA on secondary caries. Lastly, quantitative real-time PCR was applied to investigate the antimicrobial effect of DMAEM@RA on cariogenic virulence genes. Results: DMAEM@RA significantly inhibited the growth, EPS, and acid production of Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans dual-species biofilms under acidic environments (p < 0.05). Moreover, at pH 5 and 5.5, DMAEM@RA remarkably decreased the mineral loss and lesion depth of tooth hard tissue (p < 0.05) and down-regulated the expression of cariogenic genes, virulence-associated genes, and pH-regulated genes of dual-species biofilms (p < 0.05). Conclusions: DMAEM@RA played an antibiofilm role on Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans dual-species biofilms, prevented the demineralization process, and attenuated cariogenic virulence in a pH-dependent manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jingou Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xuedong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Biao Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Haohao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qi Han
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Department of Oral Pathology, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Correspondence: (H.L.); (L.C.)
| | - Lei Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Correspondence: (H.L.); (L.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Quorum Sensing and Quorum Quenching with a Focus on Cariogenic and Periodontopathic Oral Biofilms. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10091783. [PMID: 36144385 PMCID: PMC9503171 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10091783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous in vitro studies highlight the role of quorum sensing in the pathogenicity and virulence of biofilms. This narrative review discusses general principles in quorum sensing, including Gram-positive and Gram-negative models and the influence of flow, before focusing on quorum sensing and quorum quenching in cariogenic and periodontopathic biofilms. In cariology, quorum sensing centres on the role of Streptococcus mutans, and to a lesser extent Candida albicans, while Fusobacterium nucleatum and the red complex pathogens form the basis of the majority of the quorum sensing research on periodontopathic biofilms. Recent research highlights developments in quorum quenching, also known as quorum sensing inhibition, as a potential antimicrobial tool to attenuate the pathogenicity of oral biofilms by the inhibition of bacterial signalling networks. Quorum quenchers may be synthetic or derived from plant or bacterial products, or human saliva. Furthermore, biofilm inhibition by coating quorum sensing inhibitors on dental implant surfaces provides another potential application of quorum quenching technologies in dentistry. While the body of predominantly in vitro research presented here is steadily growing, the clinical value of quorum sensing inhibitors against in vivo oral polymicrobial biofilms needs to be ascertained.
Collapse
|
26
|
Roik A, Reverter M, Pogoreutz C. A roadmap to understanding diversity and function of coral reef-associated fungi. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2022; 46:6615459. [PMID: 35746877 PMCID: PMC9629503 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuac028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Tropical coral reefs are hotspots of marine productivity, owing to the association of reef-building corals with endosymbiotic algae and metabolically diverse bacterial communities. However, the functional importance of fungi, well-known for their contribution to shaping terrestrial ecosystems and global nutrient cycles, remains underexplored on coral reefs. We here conceptualize how fungal functional traits may have facilitated the spread, diversification, and ecological adaptation of marine fungi on coral reefs. We propose that functions of reef-associated fungi may be diverse and go beyond their hitherto described roles of pathogens and bioeroders, including but not limited to reef-scale biogeochemical cycles and the structuring of coral-associated and environmental microbiomes via chemical mediation. Recent technological and conceptual advances will allow the elucidation of the physiological, ecological, and chemical contributions of understudied marine fungi to coral holobiont and reef ecosystem functioning and health and may help provide an outlook for reef management actions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Roik
- Corresponding author: Helmholtz Institute for Functional Marine Biodiversity at the University of Oldenburg (HIFMB), Ammerländer Heerstrasse 231, D-26129 Oldenburg, Germany. E-mail:
| | - Miriam Reverter
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Wilhelmshaven, 26046, Germany,School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth PL4 8AA, United Kingdom
| | - Claudia Pogoreutz
- Corresponding author: Laboratory for Biological Geochemistry, School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.,
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Sadiq FA, Hansen MF, Burmølle M, Heyndrickx M, Flint S, Lu W, Chen W, Zhang H. Towards understanding mechanisms and functional consequences of bacterial interactions with members of various kingdoms in complex biofilms that abound in nature. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2022; 46:6595875. [PMID: 35640890 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuac024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The microbial world represents a phenomenal diversity of microorganisms from different kingdoms of life which occupy an impressive set of ecological niches. Most, if not all, microorganisms once colonise a surface develop architecturally complex surface-adhered communities which we refer to as biofilms. They are embedded in polymeric structural scaffolds serve as a dynamic milieu for intercellular communication through physical and chemical signalling. Deciphering microbial ecology of biofilms in various natural or engineered settings has revealed co-existence of microorganisms from all domains of life, including Bacteria, Archaea and Eukarya. The coexistence of these dynamic microbes is not arbitrary, as a highly coordinated architectural setup and physiological complexity show ecological interdependence and myriads of underlying interactions. In this review, we describe how species from different kingdoms interact in biofilms and discuss the functional consequences of such interactions. We highlight metabolic advances of collaboration among species from different kingdoms, and advocate that these interactions are of great importance and need to be addressed in future research. Since trans-kingdom biofilms impact diverse contexts, ranging from complicated infections to efficient growth of plants, future knowledge within this field will be beneficial for medical microbiology, biotechnology, and our general understanding of microbial life in nature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Faizan Ahmed Sadiq
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.,Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Technology & Food Sciences Unit, Melle, Belgium
| | - Mads Frederik Hansen
- Section of Microbiology, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mette Burmølle
- Section of Microbiology, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marc Heyndrickx
- Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Technology & Food Sciences Unit, Melle, Belgium.,Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Poultry Diseases, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Steve Flint
- School of Food and Advanced Technology, Massey University, Private Bag, 11222, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Wenwei Lu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.,State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Wei Chen
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.,State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.,State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Costa RC, Bertolini M, Costa Oliveira BE, Nagay BE, Dini C, Benso B, Klein MI, Barāo VAR, Souza JGS. Polymicrobial biofilms related to dental implant diseases: unravelling the critical role of extracellular biofilm matrix. Crit Rev Microbiol 2022; 49:370-390. [PMID: 35584310 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2022.2062219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Biofilms are complex tri-dimensional structures that encase microbial cells in an extracellular matrix comprising self-produced polymeric substances. The matrix rich in extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) contributes to the unique features of biofilm lifestyle and structure, enhancing microbial accretion, biofilm virulence, and antimicrobial resistance. The role of the EPS matrix of biofilms growing on biotic surfaces, especially dental surfaces, is largely unravelled. To date, there is a lack of a broad overview of existing literature concerning the relationship between the EPS matrix and the dental implant environment and its role in implant-related infections. Here, we discuss recent advances in the critical role of the EPS matrix on biofilm growth and virulence on the dental implant surface and its effect on the etiopathogenesis and progression of implant-related infections. Similar to other biofilms associated with human diseases/conditions, EPS-enriched biofilms on implant surfaces promote microbial accumulation, microbiological shift, cross-kingdom interaction, antimicrobial resistance, biofilm virulence, and, consequently, peri-implant tissue damage. But intriguingly, the protagonism of EPS role on implant-related infections and the development of matrix-target therapeutic strategies has been neglected. Finally, we highlight the need for more in-depth analyses of polymicrobial interactions within EPS matrix and EPS-targeting technologies' rationale for disrupting the complex biofilm microenvironment with more outstanding translation to implant applications in the near future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raphael C Costa
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Martinna Bertolini
- Department of Oral Health and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | | | - Bruna E Nagay
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Caroline Dini
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Bruna Benso
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, CA, Chile
| | - Marlise I Klein
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, São Paulo State University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Valentim A R Barāo
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Joāo Gabriel S Souza
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, Brazil.,Dental Science School (Faculdade de Ciências Odontológicas - FCO), Montes Claros, Brazil.,Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Sāo Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Li X, Liu Y, Yang X, Li C, Song Z. The Oral Microbiota: Community Composition, Influencing Factors, Pathogenesis, and Interventions. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:895537. [PMID: 35572634 PMCID: PMC9100676 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.895537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The human oral cavity provides a habitat for oral microbial communities. The complexity of its anatomical structure, its connectivity to the outside, and its moist environment contribute to the complexity and ecological site specificity of the microbiome colonized therein. Complex endogenous and exogenous factors affect the occurrence and development of the oral microbiota, and maintain it in a dynamic balance. The dysbiotic state, in which the microbial composition is altered and the microecological balance between host and microorganisms is disturbed, can lead to oral and even systemic diseases. In this review, we discuss the current research on the composition of the oral microbiota, the factors influencing it, and its relationships with common oral diseases. We focus on the specificity of the microbiota at different niches in the oral cavity, the communities of the oral microbiome, the mycobiome, and the virome within oral biofilms, and interventions targeting oral pathogens associated with disease. With these data, we aim to extend our understanding of oral microorganisms and provide new ideas for the clinical management of infectious oral diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Li
- School of Stomatology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yanmei Liu
- School of Stomatology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xingyou Yang
- Molecular Biotechnology Platform, Public Center of Experimental Technology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Chengwen Li
- Molecular Biotechnology Platform, Public Center of Experimental Technology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Chengwen Li,
| | - Zhangyong Song
- Molecular Biotechnology Platform, Public Center of Experimental Technology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Zhangyong Song,
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Microbial Involvement in the Bioremediation of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon Polluted Soils: Challenges and Perspectives. ENVIRONMENTS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/environments9040052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, soil contamination by total petroleum hydrocarbons is still one of the most widespread forms of contamination. Intervention technologies are consolidated; however, full-scale interventions turn out to be not sustainable. Sustainability is essential not only in terms of costs, but also in terms of restoration of the soil resilience. Bioremediation has the possibility to fill the gap of sustainability with proper knowledge. Bioremediation should be optimized by the exploitation of the recent “omic” approaches to the study of hydrocarburoclastic microbiomes. To reach the goal, an extensive and deep knowledge in the study of bacterial and fungal degradative pathways, their interactions within microbiomes and of microbiomes with the soil matrix has to be gained. “Omic” approaches permits to study both the culturable and the unculturable soil microbial communities active in degradation processes, offering the instruments to identify the key organisms responsible for soil contaminant depletion and restoration of soil resilience. Tools for the investigation of both microbial communities, their degradation pathways and their interaction, will be discussed, describing the dedicated genomic and metagenomic approaches, as well as the interpretative tools of the deriving data, that are exploitable for both optimizing bio-based approaches for the treatment of total petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soils and for the correct scaling up of the technologies at the industrial scale.
Collapse
|
31
|
Yılmaz Öztürk B, Yenice Gürsu B, Dağ İ. In vitro effect of farnesol on planktonic cells and dual biofilm formed by Candida albicans and Escherichia coli. BIOFOULING 2022; 38:355-366. [PMID: 35546788 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2022.2066530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Many biofilm studies have focused on axial biofilms, however biofilms in nature and in vivo environment are multi-species. Farnesol is a sesquiterpene alcohol found in many essential oils. This study investigated the in vitro effects of farnesol on planktonic cells and biofilms of Candida albicans and Escherichia coli. The ultrastructural morphology of farnesol treated cells was evaluated by TEM. According to the XTT results, farnesol caused a significant decrease in metabolic activity and scanning electron microscope images confirmed a reduction in the preformed biofilm as a result of farnesol treatment for single species C. albicans and E. coli biofilms. Although farnesol has less effect on dual species biofilm compared to the single species biofilms, its effect on the dual biofilm was found to be stronger than amphotericin B or ampicillin. Further studies are needed to clarify the role of farnesol on fungal-bacterial biofilms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Betül Yılmaz Öztürk
- Eskişehir Osmangazi University Central Research Laboratory Application and Research Center, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Bükay Yenice Gürsu
- Eskişehir Osmangazi University Central Research Laboratory Application and Research Center, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - İlknur Dağ
- Eskişehir Osmangazi University Central Research Laboratory Application and Research Center, Eskişehir, Turkey
- Vocational Health Services High School, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Menon LU, Scoffield JA, Jackson JG, Zhang P. Candida albicans and Early Childhood Caries. FRONTIERS IN DENTAL MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fdmed.2022.849274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Early childhood caries (ECC) is a highly prevalent and costly chronic oral infectious disease in preschool children. Candida albicans has been frequently detected in children and has demonstrated cariogenic traits. However, since ECC is a multifactorial infectious disease with many predisposing non-microbial factors, it remains to be elucidated whether the presence and accumulation of C. albicans in ECC is merely a consequence of the adaptation of C. albicans to a cariogenic oral environment, or it plays an active role in the initiation and progression of dental caries. This review aims to summarize the current knowledge on C. albicans and the risk of ECC, with a focus on its synergistic relationship with the cariogenic pathogen Streptococcus mutans. We also highlight recent advances in the development of approaches to disrupt C. albicans-S. mutans cross-kingdom biofilms in ECC prevention and treatment. Longitudinal clinical studies, including interventional clinical trials targeting C. albicans, are necessary to ascertain if C. albicans indeed contributes in a significant manner to the initiation and progression of ECC. In addition, further work is needed to understand the influence of other bacteria and fungi of oral microbiota on C. albicans-S. mutans interactions in ECC.
Collapse
|
33
|
Tao L, Wang M, Guan G, Zhang Y, Hao T, Li C, Li S, Chen Y, Huang G. Streptococcus mutans suppresses filamentous growth of Candida albicans through secreting mutanocyclin, an unacylated tetramic acid. Virulence 2022; 13:542-557. [PMID: 35311622 PMCID: PMC8942415 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2022.2046952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Li Tao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guobo Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tingting Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shuaihu Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yihua Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guanghua Huang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microorganisms
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Biofilm through the Looking Glass: A Microbial Food Safety Perspective. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11030346. [PMID: 35335670 PMCID: PMC8954374 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11030346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Food-processing facilities harbor a wide diversity of microorganisms that persist and interact in multispecies biofilms, which could provide an ecological niche for pathogens to better colonize and gain tolerance against sanitization. Biofilm formation by foodborne pathogens is a serious threat to food safety and public health. Biofilms are formed in an environment through synergistic interactions within the microbial community through mutual adaptive response to their long-term coexistence. Mixed-species biofilms are more tolerant to sanitizers than single-species biofilms or their planktonic equivalents. Hence, there is a need to explore how multispecies biofilms help in protecting the foodborne pathogen from common sanitizers and disseminate biofilm cells from hotspots and contaminate food products. This knowledge will help in designing microbial interventions to mitigate foodborne pathogens in the processing environment. As the global need for safe, high-quality, and nutritious food increases, it is vital to study foodborne pathogen behavior and engineer new interventions that safeguard food from contamination with pathogens. This review focuses on the potential food safety issues associated with biofilms in the food-processing environment.
Collapse
|
35
|
Lu X, Wang Y, Chen C, Feng Z, Huo Y, Zhou D. C12-HSL is an across-boundary signal molecule that could alleviate fungi Galactomyces's filamentation: A new mechanism on activated sludge bulking. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 204:111823. [PMID: 34400160 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Fungal bulking is caused by fungi excessive growth and morphological changes, resulting from the evolution toward fungi dominant activated sludge. Communication across fungi and bacteria boundary that mediated by bacterial signal molecules (SMs) probably is the central induce caused fungal bulking occurrence. In this work, it intended to identify the bacterial SM that affected fungal bulking, and verified its roles in regulate the spore germination and hyphal growth. We found C12-HSL concentration decreased significantly from 12.36 to 3.38 ng/g-VSS (P < 0.05) when fungal sludge bulking happened, and filamentous Galactomyces's relatively abundant was correlatively enriched. To test the effects of this SM, trace commercial C12-HSL was added to pure cultured Galactomyces, in which spore germination rates decreased by 20 % and hyphal extension inhibited by 15 %. Ras1-cAMP-PKA and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways of Galactomyces were responsible for signal C12-HSL transduction, which inhibited peroxisome biosynthesis, suppressed the biological activity of the actin cytoskeleton, and disrupted intercellular organelle transport. All these results showed C12-HSL was the functional SM that could suppress the development of fungal filamentous. This study provided a new insight into the sludge bulking mechanism from view of cross-kingdom communication.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Lu
- Jilin Engineering Lab for Water Pollution Control and Resources Recovery, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Quality, Safety & Environmental Protection Department, Shanxi Road & Bridge Construction Group Co., Ltd, Taiyuan, 030000, China
| | - Congli Chen
- Jilin Engineering Lab for Water Pollution Control and Resources Recovery, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Zhixuan Feng
- Jilin Engineering Lab for Water Pollution Control and Resources Recovery, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Yang Huo
- School of Physics, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130117, China.
| | - Dandan Zhou
- Jilin Engineering Lab for Water Pollution Control and Resources Recovery, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130117, China.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Fakhruddin KS, Samaranayake LP, Hamoudi RA, Ngo HC, Egusa H. Diversity of site-specific microbes of occlusal and proximal lesions in severe- early childhood caries (S-ECC). J Oral Microbiol 2022; 14:2037832. [PMID: 35173909 PMCID: PMC8843124 DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2022.2037832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Severe-early childhood caries (S-ECC) a global problem of significant concern, commonly manifest on the occlusal, and proximal surfaces of affected teeth. Despite the major ecological differences between these two niches the compositional differences, if any, in the microbiota of such lesions is unknown. Methods Deep-dentine caries samples from asymptomatic primary molars of children with S-ECC (n 19) belonging to caries-code 5/6, (ICDAS classification) were evaluated. Employing two primer pools, we amplified and compared the bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequences of the seven hypervariable regions (V2—V4 and V6—V9) using NGS-based assay. Results Bray-Curtisevaluation indicated that occlusal lesions (OL) had a more homogeneous community than the proximal lesions (PL) with significant compositional differences at the species level (p = 0.01; R- 0.513). Together, the occlusal and proximal niches harbored 263 species, of which 202 (76.8%) species were common to both , while 49 (18.6%) and 12 (4.6%) disparate species were exclusively isolated from the proximal and occlusal niches, respectively. The most commonl genera at both niches included Streptococcus, Prevotella, and Lactobacillus. S. mutans was predominant in PL (p ≤ 0.05), and Atopobium parvulum (p = 0.01) was predominant in OL. Conclusions Distinct differences exist between the caries microbiota of occlusal and proximal caries in S-ECC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kausar Sadia Fakhruddin
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
- Division of Molecular and Regenerative Prosthodontics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai-city, Japan
| | | | - Rifat Akram Hamoudi
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Hien Chi Ngo
- Uwa Dental School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Hiroshi Egusa
- Division of Molecular and Regenerative Prosthodontics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai-city, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Green RM, Bicker KL. Development of an Anti-Biofilm Screening Technique Leads to the Discovery of a Peptoid with Efficacy against Candida albicans. ACS Infect Dis 2022; 8:310-320. [PMID: 35107257 PMCID: PMC9972850 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.1c00449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Bacteria and fungi can secrete and reside within a complex polysaccharide matrix, forming a biofilm that protects these pathogens from the immune response and conventional antibiotics. Because many microbial pathogens grow within biofilms in clinical settings, there is a need for antimicrobial agents effective against biofilm-protected infections. We report the adaptation of a phenotypic high-throughput assay for discovering antimicrobial peptoids toward the screening of combinatorial libraries against established biofilms. This method, termed the Inverted Peptoid Library Agar Diffusion (iPLAD) assay, required optimization of growth media, reducing reagent, and fungal viability reporter. Once optimized, iPLAD was used to screen a combinatorial peptoid library against Candida albicans, a biofilm-forming fungal pathogen responsible for most hospital-acquired infections. This screening resulted in a lipopeptoid termed RMG9-11 with excellent activity against several species of Candida, including drug-resistant strains of C. albicans and the emerging and dangerous C. auris. Additionally, the cytotoxicity of RMG9-11 against several mammalian cell lines was minimal. This work provides a new method for the identification of compounds effective against biofilm-protected pathogens and demonstrates its utility by identifying a promising anti-Candida peptoid.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R. Madison Green
- Department of Chemistry, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, Tennessee 37132, United States
| | - Kevin L. Bicker
- Department of Chemistry, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, Tennessee 37132, United States
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Cannon RD. Oral Fungal Infections: Past, Present, and Future. FRONTIERS IN ORAL HEALTH 2022; 3:838639. [PMID: 35187534 PMCID: PMC8850356 DOI: 10.3389/froh.2022.838639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral fungal infections have afflicted humans for millennia. Hippocrates (ca. 460-370 BCE) described two cases of oral aphthae associated with severe underlying diseases that could well have been oral candidiasis. While oral infections caused by other fungi such as cryptococcosis, aspergillosis, mucormycosis, histoplasmosis, blastomycosis, and coccidioidomycosis occur infrequently, oral candidiasis came to the fore during the AIDS epidemic as a sentinel opportunistic infection signaling the transition from HIV infection to AIDS. The incidence of candidiasis in immunocompromised AIDS patients highlighted the importance of host defenses in preventing oral fungal infections. A greater understanding of the nuances of human immune systems has revealed that mucosal immunity in the mouth delivers a unique response to fungal pathogens. Oral fungal infection does not depend solely on the fungus and the host, however, and attention has now focussed on interactions with other members of the oral microbiome. It is evident that there is inter-kingdom signaling that affects microbial pathogenicity. The last decade has seen significant advances in the rapid qualitative and quantitative analysis of oral microbiomes and in the simultaneous quantification of immune cells and cytokines. The time is ripe for the application of machine learning and artificial intelligence to integrate more refined analyses of oral microbiome composition (including fungi, bacteria, archaea, protozoa and viruses—including SARS-CoV-2 that causes COVID-19). This analysis should incorporate the quantification of immune cells, cytokines, and microbial cell signaling molecules with signs of oral fungal infections in order to better diagnose and predict susceptibility to oral fungal disease.
Collapse
|
39
|
Ardizzoni A, Boaretto G, Pericolini E, Pinetti D, Capezzone de Joannon A, Durando L, Ragni L, Blasi E. Effects of benzydamine and mouthwashes containing benzydamine on Candida albicans adhesion, biofilm formation, regrowth, and persistence. Clin Oral Investig 2022; 26:3613-3625. [PMID: 35066687 PMCID: PMC8979862 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-021-04330-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Objectives To assess the effects of benzydamine and mouthwashes (MoWs) containing benzydamine on different stages of Candida albicans biofilm: adhesion, formation, persistence, and regrowth (if perturbed). Materials and methods C. albicans CA1398, carrying the bioluminescence ACT1p-gLUC59 fusion product, was employed. Fungal cells were exposed for 1′, 5′, or 15′ to 4 different benzydamine concentrations (0.075 to 0.6%) to 2 mouthwashes (MoWs) containing benzydamine and to a placebo MoW (without benzydamine). Treated cells were tested for adhesion (90 min) and biofilm formation (24-h assay). Next, 24- and 48-h-old biofilms were exposed to benzydamine and MoWs to assess regrowth and persistence, respectively. The effects of benzydamine, MoWs containing benzydamine, and placebo on different biofilm stages were quantified by bioluminescence assay and by the production of quorum sensing (QS) molecules. Results Benzydamine and MoWs containing benzydamine impaired C. albicans ability to adhere and form biofilm, counteracted C. albicans persistence and regrowth, and impaired a 48-h-old biofilm. Some of these effects paralleled with alterations in QS molecule secretion. Conclusions Our results show for the first time that benzydamine and MoWs containing benzydamine impair C. albicans capacity to form biofilm and counteract biofilm persistence and regrowth. Clinical relevance Benzydamine and MoWs containing benzydamine capacity to affect C. albicans biofilm provides an interesting tool to prevent and treat oral candidiasis. Likely, restraining C. albicans colonization through daily oral hygiene may counteract colonization and persistence by other critical oral pathogens, such as Streptococcus mutans, whose increased virulence has been linked to the presence of C. albicans biofilm. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00784-021-04330-8.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Ardizzoni
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences with interest in Transplant, Oncological and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi, 287, 41125, Modena, Italy.
| | - Giorgia Boaretto
- Graduate School of Microbiology and Virology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Eva Pericolini
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences with interest in Transplant, Oncological and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi, 287, 41125, Modena, Italy
- Graduate School of Microbiology and Virology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Diego Pinetti
- Centro Interdipartimentale Grandi Strumenti (C.I.G.S.), University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | | | - Lucia Durando
- Global R&D PLCM-Angelini Pharma S.p.A., via Vecchia del Pinocchio 22, 60131, Ancona, Italy
| | - Lorella Ragni
- Global R&D PLCM-Angelini Pharma S.p.A., via Vecchia del Pinocchio 22, 60131, Ancona, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Blasi
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences with interest in Transplant, Oncological and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi, 287, 41125, Modena, Italy
- Graduate School of Microbiology and Virology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Fan Q, Wang H, Mao C, Li J, Zhang X, Grenier D, Yi L, Wang Y. Structure and Signal Regulation Mechanism of Interspecies and Interkingdom Quorum Sensing System Receptors. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:429-445. [PMID: 34989570 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c04751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Quorum sensing (QS) is a signaling mechanism for cell-to-cell communication between bacteria, fungi, and even eukaryotic hosts such as plant and animal cells. Bacteria in real life do not exist as isolated organisms but are found in complex, dynamic, and microecological environments. The study of interspecies QS and interkingdom QS is a valuable approach for exploring bacteria-bacteria interactions and bacteria-host interaction mechanisms and has received considerable attention from researchers. The correct combination of QS signals and receptors is key to initiating the QS process. Compared with intraspecies QS, the signal regulation mechanism of interspecies QS and interkingdom QS is often more complicated, and the distribution of receptors is relatively wide. The present review focuses on the latest progress with respect to the distribution, structure, and signal transduction of interspecies and interkingdom QS receptors and provides a guide for the investigation of new QS receptors in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingying Fan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pathogen and Immunology of Animal of Luoyang, Luoyang 471000, China
| | - Haikun Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pathogen and Immunology of Animal of Luoyang, Luoyang 471000, China
| | - Chenlong Mao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pathogen and Immunology of Animal of Luoyang, Luoyang 471000, China
| | - Jinpeng Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pathogen and Immunology of Animal of Luoyang, Luoyang 471000, China
| | - Xiaoling Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pathogen and Immunology of Animal of Luoyang, Luoyang 471000, China
| | - Daniel Grenier
- Groupe de Recherche en Écologie Buccale (GREB), Faculté de Médecine Dentaire, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec G1 V 0A6, Canada
| | - Li Yi
- College of Life Science, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Yang Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pathogen and Immunology of Animal of Luoyang, Luoyang 471000, China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis in Periodontitis in Adolescents and Young Adults. Int J Microbiol 2022; 2022:4625368. [PMID: 35058983 PMCID: PMC8766183 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4625368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim This study aims to evaluate the association of Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis with periodontitis in adolescents and young adults in a Moroccan population. Methods 426 subjects aged between 12 and 25 years were recruited for the study. A pool of plaque sample was taken. Samples were cultured on Sabouraud Chloramphenicol medium at 37°C for 24–48 hours and then identified by the Vitek 2 YST system. Clinical data and presence of Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis were analyzed using Jamovi (Version 1.8). Results Candida albicans was observed in 25 subjects among 68 diseased patients (37%) and in 60 subjects among 358 healthy patients (17%). It can be reported that under normal yeast conditions, there is a statistically significant difference between these two groups (P < 0.001). Candida dubliniensis was more prevalent in periodontitis than in healthy subjects (P=0.026). Regarding clinical variables, subgroups of periodontitis subjects showed significant statistical differences for periodontal probing depth, clinical attachment loss, and number of decayed teeth in advanced periodontitis in comparison with initial or mild periodontitis. The results also indicate that the presence of the two species of Candida is not related to gender or age (P > 0.05) nor related to the severity of the periodontal disease in this population. Conclusion Within the limits of our study, Candida albicans is more frequently associated with periodontitis. The potential role of C. albicans in periodontitis pathogenesis is very complex. More studies on biofilm associated with different forms of periodontitis are necessary. It is also important to assess the coexistence of periodontitis and caries and the associated biofilms.
Collapse
|
42
|
Alkhars N, Zeng Y, Alomeir N, Al Jallad N, Wu T, Aboelmagd S, Youssef M, Jang H, Fogarty C, Xiao J. Oral Candida Predicts Streptococcus mutans Emergence in Underserved US Infants. J Dent Res 2022; 101:54-62. [PMID: 34018817 PMCID: PMC8721728 DOI: 10.1177/00220345211012385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the cariogenic role of Candida suggested from recent studies, oral Candida acquisition in children at high risk for early childhood caries (ECC) and its association with cariogenic bacteria Streptococcus mutans remain unclear. Although ECC disproportionately afflicts socioeconomically disadvantaged and racial-minority children, microbiological studies focusing on the underserved group are scarce. Our prospective cohort study examined the oral colonization of Candida and S. mutans among 101 infants exclusively from a low-income and racial-minority background in the first year of life. The Cox hazard proportional model was fitted to assess factors associated with the time to event of the emergence of oral Candida and S. mutans. Oral Candida colonization started as early as 1 wk among 13% of infants, increased to 40% by 2 mo, escalated to 48% by 6 mo, and remained the same level until 12 mo. S. mutans in saliva was detected among 20% infants by 12 mo. The emergence of S. mutans by year 1 was 3.5 times higher (hazard ratio [HR], 3.5; confidence interval [CI], 1.1-11.3) in infants who had early colonization of oral Candida compared to those who were free of oral Candida (P = 0.04) and 3 times higher (HR, 3.0; CI, 1.3-6.9) among infants whose mother had more than 3 decayed teeth (P = 0.01), even after adjusting demographics, feeding, mother's education, and employment status. Infants' salivary S. mutans abundance was positively correlated with infants' Candida albicans (P < 0.01) and Candida krusei levels (P < 0.05). Infants' oral colonization of C. albicans was positively associated with mother's oral C. albicans carriage and education (P < 0.01) but negatively associated with mother's employment status (P = 0.01). Future studies are warranted to examine whether oral Candida modulates the oral bacterial community as a whole to become cariogenic during the onset and progression of ECC, which could lead to developing novel ECC predictive and preventive strategies from a fungal perspective.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N. Alkhars
- Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Y. Zeng
- Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA,Department of Forensic Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - N. Alomeir
- Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - N. Al Jallad
- Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - T.T. Wu
- Department of Biostatistics and computational biology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - S. Aboelmagd
- Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - M. Youssef
- Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - H. Jang
- Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - C. Fogarty
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - J. Xiao
- Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA,J. Xiao, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, 625 Elmwood Ave, Rochester, NY 14620, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Montoya C, Kurylec J, Baraniya D, Tripathi A, Puri S, Orrego S. Antifungal Effect of Piezoelectric Charges on PMMA Dentures. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:4838-4846. [PMID: 34596379 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c00926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Candida-associated denture stomatitis is a recurring disease affecting up to 67% of denture wearers. Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) remains the main material employed in the fabrication of dentures due to its desirable physical, mechanical, and aesthetic properties. However, the improvement of its antimicrobial properties remains a challenge. To address this need, we developed PMMA composite filled with piezoelectric nanoparticles of barium titanate (BaTiO3) for therapeutic effects. Candida albicans biofilms were cultivated on the surface of the composites under continuous cyclic mechanical loading to activate the piezoelectric charges and to resemble mastication patterns. The interactions between biofilms and biomaterials were evaluated by measuring the biofilm biomass, metabolic activity, and the number of viable cells. To explore the antifungal mechanisms, changes in the expression of genes encoding adhesins and superoxide dismutase were assessed using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. With the addition of piezoelectric nanoparticles, we observed a significant reduction in the biofilm formation and interference in the yeast-to-hyphae transition compared to the standard PMMA. Moreover, we observed that the cyclic deformation of biomaterial surfaces without antifungal agents produced increased biomass, metabolic activity, and a number of viable cells compared to the static/no-deformed surfaces. Cyclic deformation appears to be a novel mechanobiological signal that enables pathogenicity and virulence of C. albicans cells with increased expression of the yeast-to-hyphae transition genes. The outcome of this study opens new opportunities for the design of antifungal dentures for improved clinical service and reduced need for cleaning methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Montoya
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Kornberg School of Dentistry, Temple University. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140, United States
| | - Julia Kurylec
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Kornberg School of Dentistry, Temple University. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140, United States
| | - Divyashri Baraniya
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Kornberg School of Dentistry, Temple University. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140, United States
| | - Aparna Tripathi
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Kornberg School of Dentistry, Temple University. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140, United States
| | - Sumant Puri
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Kornberg School of Dentistry, Temple University. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140, United States
| | - Santiago Orrego
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Kornberg School of Dentistry, Temple University. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140, United States.,Bioengineering Department, College of Engineering, Temple University. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Green RM, Bicker KL. Discovery and Characterization of a Rapidly Fungicidal and Minimally Toxic Peptoid against Cryptococcus neoformans. ACS Med Chem Lett 2021; 12:1470-1477. [PMID: 34531956 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.1c00327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
A limited number of antifungals are available to treat infections caused by fungal pathogens such as Cryptococcus neoformans and Candida albicans. Current clinical antifungals are generally toxic, and increasing resistance to these therapies is being observed, necessitating new, effective, and safe antifungals. Peptoids, or N-substituted glycines, have shown promise as antimicrobial agents against bacteria, fungi, and parasites. Herein we report the discovery and characterization of an antifungal peptoid termed RMG8-8. This compound was originally discovered from a combinatorial peptoid library using the Peptoid Library Agar Diffusion assay to screen against C. albicans. Though the efficacy of RMG8-8 against C. albicans was modest (25 μg/mL), the efficacy against C. neoformans was excellent (1.56 μg/mL). Cytotoxicity against a panel of cell lines proved RMG8-8 to be minimally toxic, with selectivity ratios ranging from 34 to 121. Additional studies were carried out to determine the pharmacological importance of each peptoid monomer in RMG8-8, characterize the killing kinetics of this compound against C. neoformans (t 1/2 = 6.5 min), and evaluate plasma protein binding and proteolytic stability. Finally, a liposomal lysis assay suggested that RMG8-8 likely exerts fungal killing through membrane permeabilization, the generally accepted mechanism of action for most antimicrobial peptides and peptoids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R. Madison Green
- Department of Chemistry, Middle Tennessee State University, 1301 E. Main St., Murfreesboro, Tennessee 37132, United States
| | - Kevin L. Bicker
- Department of Chemistry, Middle Tennessee State University, 1301 E. Main St., Murfreesboro, Tennessee 37132, United States
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Villar CC, Dongari-Bagtzoglou A. Fungal diseases: Oral dysbiosis in susceptible hosts. Periodontol 2000 2021; 87:166-180. [PMID: 34463992 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The oral cavity is colonized by a large number of microorganisms that are referred to collectively as the oral microbiota. These indigenous microorganisms have evolved in symbiotic relationships with the oral mucosal immune system and are involved in maintaining homeostasis in the oral cavity. Although Candida species are commonly found in the healthy oral cavity without causing infection, these fungi can become pathogenic. Recents advances indicate that the development of oral candidiasis is driven both by Candida albicans overgrowth in a dysbiotic microbiome and by disturbances in the host's immune system. Perturbation of the oral microbiota triggered by host-extrinsic (ie, medications), host-intrinsic (ie, host genetics), and microbiome-intrinsic (ie, microbial interactions) factors may increase the risk of oral candidiasis. In this review, we provide an overview of the oral mycobiome, with a particular focus on the interactions of Candida albicans with some of the most common oral bacteria and the oral mucosal immune system. Also, we present a summary of our current knowledge of the host-intrinsic and host-extrinsic factors that can predispose to oral candidiasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Cunha Villar
- Division of Periodontics, Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Anna Dongari-Bagtzoglou
- Department of Oral Health and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Connecticut School of Dental Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Meyer F, Enax J, Epple M, Amaechi BT, Simader B. Cariogenic Biofilms: Development, Properties, and Biomimetic Preventive Agents. Dent J (Basel) 2021; 9:dj9080088. [PMID: 34436000 PMCID: PMC8394942 DOI: 10.3390/dj9080088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral biofilms will build up within minutes after cleaning of the dental hard tissues. While the application of remineralizing agents is a well-known approach to prevent dental caries, modern oral care products offer also additional active agents to maintain oral health. Human saliva contains many different organic and inorganic compounds that help to buffer organic acids produced by cariogenic microorganisms. However, most oral care products only contain remineralizing agents. To improve the benefit of those products, further active ingredients are needed. Books, review articles, and original research papers were included in this narrative review. Putting all these data together, we give an overview of oral biofilms and active compounds used in modern oral care products to interact with them. The special focus is on inorganic compounds and their interaction with oral biofilms. While organic compounds have several limitations (e.g., cell toxicity), inorganic compounds based on calcium and/or phosphate (e.g., sodium bicarbonate, hydroxyapatite, calcium carbonate) offer several advantages when used in oral care products. Calcium release can inhibit demineralization, and the release of hydroxide and phosphate ions might help in the buffering of acids. Therefore, the focus of this review is to summarize the scientific background of further active ingredients that can be used for oral care formulations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frederic Meyer
- Research Department, Dr. Kurt Wolff GmbH & Co. KG, Johanneswerkstr. 34-36, 33611 Bielefeld, Germany; (J.E.); (B.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-521-8808-6061
| | - Joachim Enax
- Research Department, Dr. Kurt Wolff GmbH & Co. KG, Johanneswerkstr. 34-36, 33611 Bielefeld, Germany; (J.E.); (B.S.)
| | - Matthias Epple
- Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CeNIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitaetsstr. 5-7, 45117 Essen, Germany;
| | - Bennett T. Amaechi
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA;
| | - Barbara Simader
- Research Department, Dr. Kurt Wolff GmbH & Co. KG, Johanneswerkstr. 34-36, 33611 Bielefeld, Germany; (J.E.); (B.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Sweet M, Villela H, Keller-Costa T, Costa R, Romano S, Bourne DG, Cárdenas A, Huggett MJ, Kerwin AH, Kuek F, Medina M, Meyer JL, Müller M, Pollock FJ, Rappé MS, Sere M, Sharp KH, Voolstra CR, Zaccardi N, Ziegler M, Peixoto R. Insights into the Cultured Bacterial Fraction of Corals. mSystems 2021; 6:e0124920. [PMID: 34156291 PMCID: PMC8269258 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.01249-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacteria associated with coral hosts are diverse and abundant, with recent studies suggesting involvement of these symbionts in host resilience to anthropogenic stress. Despite their putative importance, the work dedicated to culturing coral-associated bacteria has received little attention. Combining published and unpublished data, here we report a comprehensive overview of the diversity and function of culturable bacteria isolated from corals originating from tropical, temperate, and cold-water habitats. A total of 3,055 isolates from 52 studies were considered by our metasurvey. Of these, 1,045 had full-length 16S rRNA gene sequences, spanning 138 formally described and 12 putatively novel bacterial genera across the Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Actinobacteria phyla. We performed comparative genomic analysis using the available genomes of 74 strains and identified potential signatures of beneficial bacterium-coral symbioses among the strains. Our analysis revealed >400 biosynthetic gene clusters that underlie the biosynthesis of antioxidant, antimicrobial, cytotoxic, and other secondary metabolites. Moreover, we uncovered genomic features-not previously described for coral-bacterium symbioses-potentially involved in host colonization and host-symbiont recognition, antiviral defense mechanisms, and/or integrated metabolic interactions, which we suggest as novel targets for the screening of coral probiotics. Our results highlight the importance of bacterial cultures to elucidate coral holobiont functioning and guide the selection of probiotic candidates to promote coral resilience and improve holistic and customized reef restoration and rehabilitation efforts. IMPORTANCE Our paper is the first study to synthesize currently available but decentralized data of cultured microbes associated with corals. We were able to collate 3,055 isolates across a number of published studies and unpublished collections from various laboratories and researchers around the world. This equated to 1,045 individual isolates which had full-length 16S rRNA gene sequences, after filtering of the original 3,055. We also explored which of these had genomes available. Originally, only 36 were available, and as part of this study, we added a further 38-equating to 74 in total. From this, we investigated potential genetic signatures that may facilitate a host-associated lifestyle. Further, such a resource is an important step in the selection of probiotic candidates, which are being investigated for promoting coral resilience and potentially applied as a novel strategy in reef restoration and rehabilitation efforts. In the spirit of open access, we have ensured this collection is available to the wider research community through the web site http://isolates.reefgenomics.org/ with the hope many scientists across the globe will ask for access to these cultures for future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Sweet
- Aquatic Research Facility, Environmental Sustainability Research Centre, University of Derby, Derby, United Kingdom
| | - Helena Villela
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Tina Keller-Costa
- Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences (iBB), University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
- Instituto Superior Técnico (IST), University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Rodrigo Costa
- Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences (iBB), University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
- Instituto Superior Técnico (IST), University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
- Department of Energy, Joint Genome Institute and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Stefano Romano
- Gut Microbes and Health, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - David G. Bourne
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, Australia
| | - Anny Cárdenas
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Megan J. Huggett
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, NSW, Australia
- Centre for Marine Ecosystems Research, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | | | - Felicity Kuek
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, Australia
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
| | - Mónica Medina
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Julie L. Meyer
- Soil and Water Sciences Department, Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Moritz Müller
- Faculty of Engineering, Computing and Science, Swinburne University of Technology Sarawak Campus, Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - F. Joseph Pollock
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
- Hawaii and Palmyra Programs, The Nature Conservancy, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
| | - Michael S. Rappé
- Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology, University of Hawaii, Kaneohe, Hawaii, USA
| | - Mathieu Sere
- Aquatic Research Facility, Environmental Sustainability Research Centre, University of Derby, Derby, United Kingdom
| | - Koty H. Sharp
- Department of Biology and Marine Biology, Roger Williams University, Bristol, Rhode Island, USA
| | | | - Nathan Zaccardi
- Department of Biology and Marine Biology, Roger Williams University, Bristol, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Maren Ziegler
- Department of Animal Ecology and Systematics, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Raquel Peixoto
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Red Sea Research Center (RSRC), Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Khan F, Bamunuarachchi NI, Pham DTN, Tabassum N, Khan MSA, Kim YM. Mixed biofilms of pathogenic Candida-bacteria: regulation mechanisms and treatment strategies. Crit Rev Microbiol 2021; 47:699-727. [PMID: 34003065 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2021.1921696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Mixed-species biofilm is one of the most frequently recorded clinical problems. Mixed biofilms develop as a result of interactions between microorganisms of a single or multiple species (e.g. bacteria and fungi). Candida spp., particularly Candida albicans, are known to associate with various bacterial species to form a multi-species biofilm. Mixed biofilms of Candida spp. have been previously detected in vivo and on the surfaces of many biomedical instruments. Treating infectious diseases caused by mixed biofilms of Candida and bacterial species has been challenging due to their increased resistance to antimicrobial drugs. Here, we review and discuss the clinical significance of mixed Candida-bacteria biofilms as well as the signalling mechanisms involved in Candida-bacteria interactions. We also describe possible approaches for combating infections associated with mixed biofilms, such as the use of natural or synthetic drugs and combination therapy. The review presented here is expected to contribute to the advances in the biomedical field on the understanding of underlying interaction mechanisms of pathogens in mixed biofilm, and alternative approaches to treating the related infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fazlurrahman Khan
- Research Center for Marine Integrated Bionics Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Nilushi Indika Bamunuarachchi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea.,Department of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Ocean University of Sri Lanka, Tangalle, Sri Lanka
| | - Dung Thuy Nguyen Pham
- Center of Excellence for Biochemistry and Natural Products, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,NTT Hi-Tech Institute, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Nazia Tabassum
- Industrial Convergence Bionix Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Mohd Sajjad Ahmad Khan
- Department of Basic Sciences, Deanship of Preparatory Year and Supporting Studies, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Young-Mog Kim
- Research Center for Marine Integrated Bionics Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea.,Department of Food Science and Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
d'Enfert C, Kaune AK, Alaban LR, Chakraborty S, Cole N, Delavy M, Kosmala D, Marsaux B, Fróis-Martins R, Morelli M, Rosati D, Valentine M, Xie Z, Emritloll Y, Warn PA, Bequet F, Bougnoux ME, Bornes S, Gresnigt MS, Hube B, Jacobsen ID, Legrand M, Leibundgut-Landmann S, Manichanh C, Munro CA, Netea MG, Queiroz K, Roget K, Thomas V, Thoral C, Van den Abbeele P, Walker AW, Brown AJP. The impact of the Fungus-Host-Microbiota interplay upon Candida albicans infections: current knowledge and new perspectives. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2021; 45:fuaa060. [PMID: 33232448 PMCID: PMC8100220 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuaa060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Candida albicans is a major fungal pathogen of humans. It exists as a commensal in the oral cavity, gut or genital tract of most individuals, constrained by the local microbiota, epithelial barriers and immune defences. Their perturbation can lead to fungal outgrowth and the development of mucosal infections such as oropharyngeal or vulvovaginal candidiasis, and patients with compromised immunity are susceptible to life-threatening systemic infections. The importance of the interplay between fungus, host and microbiota in driving the transition from C. albicans commensalism to pathogenicity is widely appreciated. However, the complexity of these interactions, and the significant impact of fungal, host and microbiota variability upon disease severity and outcome, are less well understood. Therefore, we summarise the features of the fungus that promote infection, and how genetic variation between clinical isolates influences pathogenicity. We discuss antifungal immunity, how this differs between mucosae, and how individual variation influences a person's susceptibility to infection. Also, we describe factors that influence the composition of gut, oral and vaginal microbiotas, and how these affect fungal colonisation and antifungal immunity. We argue that a detailed understanding of these variables, which underlie fungal-host-microbiota interactions, will present opportunities for directed antifungal therapies that benefit vulnerable patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christophe d'Enfert
- Unité Biologie et Pathogénicité Fongiques, Département de Mycologie, Institut Pasteur, USC 2019 INRA, 25, rue du Docteur Roux, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Ann-Kristin Kaune
- Aberdeen Fungal Group, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Ashgrove Road West, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Leovigildo-Rey Alaban
- BIOASTER Microbiology Technology Institute, 40 avenue Tony Garnier, 69007 Lyon, France
- Université de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 25, rue du Docteur Roux, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Sayoni Chakraborty
- Microbial Immunology Research Group, Emmy Noether Junior Research Group Adaptive Pathogenicity Strategies, and the Department of Microbial Pathogenicity Mechanisms, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology – Hans Knöll Institute, Beutenbergstraße 11a, 07745 Jena, Germany
- Institute of Microbiology, Friedrich Schiller University, Neugasse 25, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Nathaniel Cole
- Gut Microbiology Group, Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen, Ashgrove Road West, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Margot Delavy
- Unité Biologie et Pathogénicité Fongiques, Département de Mycologie, Institut Pasteur, USC 2019 INRA, 25, rue du Docteur Roux, 75015 Paris, France
- Université de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 25, rue du Docteur Roux, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Daria Kosmala
- Unité Biologie et Pathogénicité Fongiques, Département de Mycologie, Institut Pasteur, USC 2019 INRA, 25, rue du Docteur Roux, 75015 Paris, France
- Université de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 25, rue du Docteur Roux, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Benoît Marsaux
- ProDigest BV, Technologiepark 94, B-9052 Gent, Belgium
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ricardo Fróis-Martins
- Immunology Section, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 266a, Zurich 8057, Switzerland
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, Zürich 8057, Switzerland
| | - Moran Morelli
- Mimetas, Biopartner Building 2, J.H. Oortweg 19, 2333 CH Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Diletta Rosati
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 28, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Marisa Valentine
- Microbial Immunology Research Group, Emmy Noether Junior Research Group Adaptive Pathogenicity Strategies, and the Department of Microbial Pathogenicity Mechanisms, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology – Hans Knöll Institute, Beutenbergstraße 11a, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Zixuan Xie
- Gut Microbiome Group, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Passeig Vall d'Hebron 119–129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yoan Emritloll
- Unité Biologie et Pathogénicité Fongiques, Département de Mycologie, Institut Pasteur, USC 2019 INRA, 25, rue du Docteur Roux, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Peter A Warn
- Magic Bullet Consulting, Biddlecombe House, Ugbrook, Chudleigh Devon, TQ130AD, UK
| | - Frédéric Bequet
- BIOASTER Microbiology Technology Institute, 40 avenue Tony Garnier, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Marie-Elisabeth Bougnoux
- Unité Biologie et Pathogénicité Fongiques, Département de Mycologie, Institut Pasteur, USC 2019 INRA, 25, rue du Docteur Roux, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Stephanie Bornes
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMRF0545, 20 Côte de Reyne, 15000 Aurillac, France
| | - Mark S Gresnigt
- Microbial Immunology Research Group, Emmy Noether Junior Research Group Adaptive Pathogenicity Strategies, and the Department of Microbial Pathogenicity Mechanisms, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology – Hans Knöll Institute, Beutenbergstraße 11a, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Bernhard Hube
- Microbial Immunology Research Group, Emmy Noether Junior Research Group Adaptive Pathogenicity Strategies, and the Department of Microbial Pathogenicity Mechanisms, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology – Hans Knöll Institute, Beutenbergstraße 11a, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Ilse D Jacobsen
- Microbial Immunology Research Group, Emmy Noether Junior Research Group Adaptive Pathogenicity Strategies, and the Department of Microbial Pathogenicity Mechanisms, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology – Hans Knöll Institute, Beutenbergstraße 11a, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Mélanie Legrand
- Unité Biologie et Pathogénicité Fongiques, Département de Mycologie, Institut Pasteur, USC 2019 INRA, 25, rue du Docteur Roux, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Salomé Leibundgut-Landmann
- Immunology Section, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 266a, Zurich 8057, Switzerland
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, Zürich 8057, Switzerland
| | - Chaysavanh Manichanh
- Gut Microbiome Group, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Passeig Vall d'Hebron 119–129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carol A Munro
- Aberdeen Fungal Group, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Ashgrove Road West, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Mihai G Netea
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 28, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Karla Queiroz
- Mimetas, Biopartner Building 2, J.H. Oortweg 19, 2333 CH Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Karine Roget
- NEXBIOME Therapeutics, 22 allée Alan Turing, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Vincent Thomas
- BIOASTER Microbiology Technology Institute, 40 avenue Tony Garnier, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Claudia Thoral
- NEXBIOME Therapeutics, 22 allée Alan Turing, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | - Alan W Walker
- Gut Microbiology Group, Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen, Ashgrove Road West, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Alistair J P Brown
- MRC Centre for Medical Mycology, Department of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Geoffrey Pope Building, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Tsutsumi-Arai C, Arai Y, Terada-Ito C, Imamura T, Tatehara S, Ide S, Wakabayashi N, Satomura K. Microbicidal effect of 405-nm blue LED light on Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans dual-species biofilms on denture base resin. Lasers Med Sci 2021; 37:857-866. [PMID: 33931832 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-021-03323-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated: (1) the microbicidal effect of 405-nm blue LED light irradiation on biofilm formed by Candida albicans hyphae and Streptococcus mutans under dual-species condition on denture base resin, (2) the generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by irradiation, and (3) the existence of intracellular porphyrins, which act as a photosensitizer. Denture base resin specimens were prepared and C. albicans and S. mutans dual-species biofilms were allowed to form on the specimens. The biofilms were irradiated with 405-nm blue LED light and analyzed using the colony-forming unit assay, fluorescence microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Single-species biofilms of C. albicans and S. mutans formed on the specimens were irradiated with 405-nm blue LED light. After the irradiation, the intracellular ROS levels in C. albicans and S. mutans cells were measured. In addition, the level of intracellular porphyrins in C. albicans and S. mutans were measured. Irradiation for more than 30 min significantly inhibited the colony formation ability of C. albicans and S. mutans. Fluorescence microscopy revealed that almost all C. albicans and S. mutans cells were killed by irradiation. SEM images showed various cell damage patterns. Irradiation led to the generation of intracellular ROS and porphyrins were present in both C. albicans and S. mutans cells. In conclusion, irradiation with 405-nm blue light-emitting diode light for 40 min effectively disinfect C. albicans hyphae and S. mutans dual-species biofilms and possibly react with intracellular porphyrins resulting in generation of ROS in each microorganism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiaki Tsutsumi-Arai
- Department of Oral Medicine and Stomatology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, 2-1-3, Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-8501, Japan.
| | - Yuki Arai
- Department of Removable Partial Prosthodontics, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan
| | - Chika Terada-Ito
- Department of Oral Medicine and Stomatology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, 2-1-3, Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-8501, Japan
| | - Takahiro Imamura
- Department of Oral Medicine and Stomatology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, 2-1-3, Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-8501, Japan
| | - Seiko Tatehara
- Department of Oral Medicine and Stomatology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, 2-1-3, Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-8501, Japan
| | - Shinji Ide
- Department of Oral Medicine and Stomatology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, 2-1-3, Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-8501, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Wakabayashi
- Department of Removable Partial Prosthodontics, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan
| | - Kazuhito Satomura
- Department of Oral Medicine and Stomatology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, 2-1-3, Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-8501, Japan
| |
Collapse
|