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Antioxidant Activity and Cytotoxicity against Cancer Cell Lines of the Extracts from Novel Xylaria Species Associated with Termite Nests and LC-MS Analysis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10101557. [PMID: 34679692 PMCID: PMC8533195 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10101557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Xylaria species associated with termite nests or soil have been considered rare species in nature and the few which have been reported upon have been found to act as a rich source of bioactive metabolites. This study evaluated 10 ethyl acetate extracts of five new Xylaria species associated with termite nests or soil for their antioxidant activity, and cytotoxicity against different cancer and normal cell lines. DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities of the extracts demonstrated strong capacity with low IC50 values. The highest observed activities belonged to X. vinacea SWUF18-2.3 having IC50 values of 0.194 ± 0.031 mg/mL for DPPH assay and 0.020 ± 0.004 mg/mL for ABTS assay. Total phenolic content ranged from 0.826 ± 0.123 to 3.629 ± 0.381 g GAE/g crude extract which correlated with antioxidant activities. The high total phenolic content could contribute to the high antioxidant activities. Cytotoxicity was recorded against A549, HepG2, HeLa and PNT2 and resulted in broad spectrum to specific activity depending on the cell lines. The highest activities were observed with X. subintraflava SWUF16-11.1 which resulted in 11.15 ± 0.32 to 13.17 ± 2.37% cell viability at a concentration of 100 µg/mL. Moreover, LC-MS fingerprints indicated over 61 peaks from all isolates. There were 18 identified and 43 unidentified compounds compared to mass databases. The identified compounds were from various groups of diterpenoids, diterpenes, cytochalasin, flavones, flavonoids, polyphenols, steroids and derivatives, triterpenoids and tropones. These results indicate that Xylaria spp. has abundant secondary metabolites that could be further explored for their therapeutic properties.
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Becker K, Stadler M. Recent progress in biodiversity research on the Xylariales and their secondary metabolism. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2021; 74:1-23. [PMID: 33097836 PMCID: PMC7732752 DOI: 10.1038/s41429-020-00376-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The families Xylariaceae and Hypoxylaceae (Xylariales, Ascomycota) represent one of the most prolific lineages of secondary metabolite producers. Like many other fungal taxa, they exhibit their highest diversity in the tropics. The stromata as well as the mycelial cultures of these fungi (the latter of which are frequently being isolated as endophytes of seed plants) have given rise to the discovery of many unprecedented secondary metabolites. Some of those served as lead compounds for development of pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals. Recently, the endophytic Xylariales have also come in the focus of biological control, since some of their species show strong antagonistic effects against fungal and other pathogens. New compounds, including volatiles as well as nonvolatiles, are steadily being discovered from these ascomycetes, and polythetic taxonomy now allows for elucidation of the life cycle of the endophytes for the first time. Moreover, recently high-quality genome sequences of some strains have become available, which facilitates phylogenomic studies as well as the elucidation of the biosynthetic gene clusters (BGC) as a starting point for synthetic biotechnology approaches. In this review, we summarize recent findings, focusing on the publications of the past 3 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Becker
- Department Microbial Drugs, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research GmbH, Inhoffenstraße 7, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research Association (DZIF), partner site Hannover-Braunschweig, Inhoffenstraße 7, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Marc Stadler
- Department Microbial Drugs, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research GmbH, Inhoffenstraße 7, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany.
- German Centre for Infection Research Association (DZIF), partner site Hannover-Braunschweig, Inhoffenstraße 7, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany.
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Kim TY, Jang JY, Yu NH, Chi WJ, Bae CH, Yeo JH, Park AR, Hur JS, Park HW, Park JY, Park JH, Lee SK, Kim JC. Nematicidal activity of grammicin produced by Xylaria grammica KCTC 13121BP against Meloidogyne incognita. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2018; 74:384-391. [PMID: 28851010 DOI: 10.1002/ps.4717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Revised: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The endolichenic fungus Xylaria grammica KCTC 13121BP showed strong nematicidal activity against Meloidogyne incognita. This study aimed to identify the nematicidal metabolites and to evaluate the efficacy of the strain as a biocontrol agent under pot and field conditions. RESULTS Bioassay-guided fractionation and instrumental analyses led to grammicin being identified as the nematicidal metabolite. Because patulin is a mycotoxic isomer of grammicin and is known to have strong antibacterial and cytotoxic activities, several biological activities of the two compounds were compared. Grammicin showed strong second-stage juvenile killing and egg-hatching inhibitory effects, with a 50% effective concentration at 72 h (EC50/72 h ) of 15.9 µg/mL and a 50% effective concentration at 14 days (EC50/14 days ) of 5.87 µg/mL, respectively, whereas patulin was virtually inactive in both respects. Patulin was strongly active toward various phytopathogenic bacteria in vitro, whereas grammicin was weakly so. Patulin at the concentration range of 0.1-10 µg/mL also showed dose-dependent cytotoxicity toward the human first-trimester trophoblast cell line SW.71, whereas grammicin was not toxic toward this cell line. In pot and field experiments, a wettable powder-type formulation and fermentation broth filtrate of X. grammica KCTC 13121BP effectively suppressed the development of root-knot nematode disease on tomato and melon plants. CONCLUSION The results suggest that X. grammica and grammicin may have potential applications for control of root-knot nematode disease of various crops. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Yoon Kim
- Division of Applied Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ja Yeong Jang
- Division of Applied Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Nan Hee Yu
- Division of Applied Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Jae Chi
- Biological and Genetic Resources Assessment Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Hwan Bae
- Biological and Genetic Resources Assessment Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Hong Yeo
- Biological and Genetic Resources Assessment Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ae Ran Park
- Division of Applied Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Seon Hur
- Korean Lichen Research Institute, Suncheon National University, Suncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae Woong Park
- R&D Division, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Yeon Park
- Laboratory of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 PLUS Project Team, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Hwan Park
- Laboratory of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 PLUS Project Team, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Ki Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Cheol Kim
- Division of Applied Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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Maezono SMB, Park GE, Lee YR. Regiospecific construction of diverse and polyfunctionalized γ-pyrone cores by indium(iii)-catalyzed annulation of diazodicarbonyls with active methylenes, 4-hydroxycoumarins, or 4-hydroxyquinolinone. Org Chem Front 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8qo01006d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An efficient and novel annulation protocol for the construction of diverse and polyfunctionalized γ-pyrones via an InBr3-catalyzed reaction is described.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ga Eul Park
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Yeungnam University
- Gyeongsan 712-749
- Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Rok Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Yeungnam University
- Gyeongsan 712-749
- Republic of Korea
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Guo C, Wu P, Xue J, Li H, Wei X. Xylaropyrones B and C, new γ-pyrones from the endophytic fungus Xylaria sp. SC1440. Nat Prod Res 2017; 32:1525-1531. [PMID: 29022356 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2017.1385013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Two new γ-pyrones, xylaropyrones B (1) and C (2), together with three known compounds, xylaropyrone (3), annularin A (4) and annularin C (5), were isolated from solid cultures of the endophytic fungus Xylaria sp. SC1440. The structures of these compounds were determined mainly by analysis of their NMR spectroscopic data. The relative configurations of 1 and 2 were assigned on the basis of J-based configurational analysis, and the absolute configurations were established by experimental and TDDFT calculated ECD spectra. The isolated compounds were evaluated for cytotoxic and tyrosinase inhibitory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenjia Guo
- a Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou , People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Wu
- a Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou , People's Republic of China
| | - Jinghua Xue
- a Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou , People's Republic of China
| | - Hanxiang Li
- a Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyi Wei
- a Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou , People's Republic of China
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A new cytotoxic and anti-fungal C-glycosylated benz[α]anthraquinone from the broth of endophytic Streptomyces blastomycetica strain F4-20. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2016; 70:301-303. [PMID: 27804951 DOI: 10.1038/ja.2016.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2016] [Revised: 08/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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García-Méndez MC, Macías-Ruvalcaba NA, Lappe-Oliveras P, Hernández-Ortega S, Macías-Rubalcava ML. Phytotoxic Potential of Secondary Metabolites and Semisynthetic Compounds from Endophytic Fungus Xylaria feejeensis Strain SM3e-1b Isolated from Sapium macrocarpum. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:4255-4263. [PMID: 27159617 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b01111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Bioactivity-directed fractionation of the combined culture medium and mycelium extract of the endophytic fungus Xylaria feejeensis strain SM3e-1b, isolated from Sapium macrocarpum, led to the isolation of three known natural products: (4S,5S,6S)-4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-5-methyl-5,6-epoxycyclohex-2-enone or coriloxine, 1; 2-hydroxy-5-methoxy-3-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione, 2; and 2,6-dihydroxy-5-methoxy-3-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione or fumiquinone B, 3. This is the first report of compound 3 being isolated from this species. Additionally, four new derivatives of coriloxine were prepared: (4R,5S,6R)-6-chloro-4,5-dihydroxy-3-methoxy-5-methylcyclohex-2-enone, 4; 6-hydroxy-5-methyl-3-(methylamino)cyclohexa-2,5- diene-1,4-dione, 5; (4R,5R,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-3-methoxy-5-methyl-6-(phenylamino)cyclohex-2-enone, 6; and 2-((4-butylphenyl)amino)-5-methoxy-3-methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione, 7. X-ray analysis allowed us to unambiguously determine the structures and absolute configuration of semisynthetic derivatives 4, 5, and 6. The phytotoxic activity of the three isolated natural products and the coriloxine derivatives is reported. Germination of the seed, root growth, and oxygen uptake of the seedlings of Trifolium pratense, Medicago sativa, Panicum miliaceum, and Amaranthus hypochondriacus were significantly inhibited by all of the tested compounds. In general, they were more effective inhibiting root elongation than suppressing the germination and seedling oxygen uptake processes as shown by their IC50 values.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Norma A Macías-Ruvalcaba
- Facultad de Quı́mica, Departamento de Fisicoquı́mica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria , Coyoacán, México, D.F. 04510, México
| | - Patricia Lappe-Oliveras
- Instituto de Biologı́a, Departamento de Botánica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria , Coyoacán, México, D.F. 04510, México
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Maha A, Rukachaisirikul V, Phongpaichit S, Poonsuwan W, Sakayaroj J. Dimeric chromanone, cyclohexenone and benzamide derivatives from the endophytic fungus Xylaria sp. PSU-H182. Tetrahedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2016.03.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Song F, Wu SH, Zhai YZ, Xuan QC, Wang T. Secondary Metabolites from the GenusXylariaand Their Bioactivities. Chem Biodivers 2014; 11:673-94. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201200286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Bipolamides A and B, triene amides isolated from the endophytic fungus Bipolaris sp. MU34. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2013; 67:167-70. [PMID: 24192556 DOI: 10.1038/ja.2013.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2013] [Revised: 09/06/2013] [Accepted: 09/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
As a result of the continued screening for new metabolites produced by endophytic fungi from Thai medicinal plants, two new triene fatty acid amides, bipolamides A (1) and B (2), were discovered from the endophytic fungus Bipolaris sp. MU34. The structures of all of the isolated compounds were elucidated on the basis of the spectroscopic data of NMR and MS. An antimicrobial assay revealed that bipolamide B (2) had moderate antifungal activity against Cladosporium cladosporioides FERMS-9, Cladosporium cucumerinum NBRC 6370, Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATCC 9804, Aspergillus niger ATCC 6275 and Rhisopus oryzae ATCC 10404, with Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 16, 32, 32, 64 and 64 μg ml(-1), respectively.
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Chen J, Zhang LC, Xing YM, Wang YQ, Xing XK, Zhang DW, Liang HQ, Guo SX. Diversity and taxonomy of endophytic xylariaceous fungi from medicinal plants of Dendrobium (Orchidaceae). PLoS One 2013; 8:e58268. [PMID: 23472167 PMCID: PMC3589337 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0058268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2012] [Accepted: 02/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendrobium spp. are traditional Chinese medicinal plants, and the main effective ingredients (polysaccharides and alkaloids) have pharmacologic effects on gastritis infection, cancer, and anti-aging. Previously, we confirmed endophytic xylariaceous fungi as the dominant fungi in several Dendrobium species of tropical regions from China. In the present study, the diversity, taxonomy, and distribution of culturable endophytic xylariaceous fungi associated with seven medicinal species of Dendrobium (Orchidaceae) were investigated. Among the 961 endophytes newly isolated, 217 xylariaceous fungi (morphotaxa) were identified using morphological and molecular methods. The phylogenetic tree constructed using nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS), large subunit of ribosomal DNA (LSU), and beta-tubulin sequences divided these anamorphic xylariaceous isolates into at least 18 operational taxonomic units (OTUs). The diversity of the endophytic xylariaceous fungi in these seven Dendrobium species was estimated using Shannon and evenness indices, with the results indicating that the dominant Xylariaceae taxa in each Dendrobium species were greatly different, though common xylariaceous fungi were found in several Dendrobium species. These findings implied that different host plants in the same habitats exhibit a preference and selectivity for their fungal partners. Using culture-dependent approaches, these xylariaceous isolates may be important sources for the future screening of new natural products and drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Chen
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li-Chun Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong-Mei Xing
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yun-Qiang Wang
- Botanical Garden of Xishuangbanna South Medicine, Jinghong, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Ke Xing
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Da-Wei Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Han-Qiao Liang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shun-Xing Guo
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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Mycoleptione, a new chromone derivative isolated from the endophytic fungus Mycoleptodiscus sp. MU41. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2012; 65:627-9. [DOI: 10.1038/ja.2012.80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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