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Grewling Ł, Ribeiro H, Antunes C, Apangu GP, Çelenk S, Costa A, Eguiluz-Gracia I, Galveias A, Gonzalez Roldan N, Lika M, Magyar D, Martinez-Bracero M, Ørby P, O'Connor D, Penha AM, Pereira S, Pérez-Badia R, Rodinkova V, Xhetani M, Šauliene I, Skjøth CA. Outdoor airborne allergens: Characterization, behavior and monitoring in Europe. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 905:167042. [PMID: 37709071 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Aeroallergens or inhalant allergens, are proteins dispersed through the air and have the potential to induce allergic conditions such as rhinitis, conjunctivitis, and asthma. Outdoor aeroallergens are found predominantly in pollen grains and fungal spores, which are allergen carriers. Aeroallergens from pollen and fungi have seasonal emission patterns that correlate with plant pollination and fungal sporulation and are strongly associated with atmospheric weather conditions. They are released when allergen carriers come in contact with the respiratory system, e.g. the nasal mucosa. In addition, due to the rupture of allergen carriers, airborne allergen molecules may be released directly into the air in the form of micronic and submicronic particles (cytoplasmic debris, cell wall fragments, droplets etc.) or adhered onto other airborne particulate matter. Therefore, aeroallergen detection strategies must consider, in addition to the allergen carriers, the allergen molecules themselves. This review article aims to present the current knowledge on inhalant allergens in the outdoor environment, their structure, localization, and factors affecting their production, transformation, release or degradation. In addition, methods for collecting and quantifying aeroallergens are listed and thoroughly discussed. Finally, the knowledge gaps, challenges and implications associated with aeroallergen analysis are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Grewling
- Laboratory of Aerobiology, Department of Systematic and Environmental Botany, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland.
| | - Helena Ribeiro
- Department of Geosciences, Environment and Spatial Plannings of the Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto and Earth Sciences Institute (ICT), Portugal
| | - Celia Antunes
- Department of Medical and Health Sciences, School of Health and Human Development & ICT-Institute of Earth Sciences, IIFA, University of Évora, 7000-671 Évora, Portugal
| | | | - Sevcan Çelenk
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Ana Costa
- Department of Medical and Health Sciences, School of Health and Human Development & ICT-Institute of Earth Sciences, IIFA, University of Évora, 7000-671 Évora, Portugal
| | - Ibon Eguiluz-Gracia
- Allergy Unit, Hospital Regional Universitario de Malaga, Malaga 29010, Spain
| | - Ana Galveias
- Department of Medical and Health Sciences, School of Health and Human Development & ICT-Institute of Earth Sciences, IIFA, University of Évora, 7000-671 Évora, Portugal
| | - Nestor Gonzalez Roldan
- Group of Biofunctional Metabolites and Structures, Priority Research Area Chronic Lung Diseases, Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Lung Center, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Airway Research Center North (ARCN), Borstel, Germany; Pollen Laboratory, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Mirela Lika
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tirana, Tirana, Albania
| | - Donát Magyar
- National Center for Public Health and Pharmacy, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Pia Ørby
- Department of Environmental Science, Danish Big Data Centre for Environment and Health (BERTHA) Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - David O'Connor
- School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin D09 E432, Ireland
| | - Alexandra Marchã Penha
- Water Laboratory, School of Sciences and Technology, ICT-Institute of Earth Sciences, IIFA, University of Évora. 7000-671 Évora, Portugal
| | - Sónia Pereira
- Department of Geosciences, Environment and Spatial Plannings of the Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto and Earth Sciences Institute (ICT), Portugal
| | - Rosa Pérez-Badia
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | | | - Merita Xhetani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tirana, Tirana, Albania
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Upadhyay E, Mohammad AlMass AA, Dasgupta N, Rahman S, Kim J, Datta M. Assessment of Occupational Health Hazards Due to Particulate Matter Originated from Spices. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16091519. [PMID: 31035724 PMCID: PMC6538991 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16091519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Spices have been known for their various health activities; however, they also possess the allergic potential for the respiratory system and the skin as they are fine particulate matter. Persons involved in spice agriculture and food industries are at greater risk since they are exposed to a considerable amount of combustible dust, which may be the cause of fire and explosion and adversely affect the health. These workers may experience allergy, long-term and short-term respiratory issues including occupational asthma, dermatitis, etc. Some spices induce T cell-based inflammatory reaction upon contact recognition of the antigen. Antigen Presenting Cells (APC) on binding to the causative metabolite results in activation of macrophages by allergen cytokine interleukin (IL)-12 and tumor necrosis factor-beta (TNF). Cross-reactivity for protein allergens is another factor which seems to be a significant trigger for the stimulation of allergic reactions. Thus, it was imperative to perform a systematic review along with bioinformatics based representation of some evident allergens has been done to identify the overall conservation of epitopes. In the present manuscript, we have covered a multifold approach, i.e., to categorize the spice particles based on a clear understanding about nature, origin, mechanisms; to assess metabolic reactions of the particles after exposure as well as knowledge on the conditions of exposure along with associated potential health effects. Another aim of this study is to provide some suggestions to prevent and to control the exposure up to some extent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Era Upadhyay
- Amity institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan 302 002, India.
| | - Afnan Ahmad Mohammad AlMass
- Emergency Medicine Department, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh 11321, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Nandita Dasgupta
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Engineering and Technology, Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam Technical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226031, India.
| | - Safikur Rahman
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 712-749, Korea.
| | - Jihoe Kim
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 712-749, Korea.
| | - Manali Datta
- Amity institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan 302 002, India.
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LaKind JS, Overpeck J, Breysse PN, Backer L, Richardson SD, Sobus J, Sapkota A, Upperman CR, Jiang C, Beard CB, Brunkard JM, Bell JE, Harris R, Chretien JP, Peltier RE, Chew GL, Blount BC. Exposure science in an age of rapidly changing climate: challenges and opportunities. JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE & ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2016; 26:529-538. [PMID: 27485992 PMCID: PMC5071542 DOI: 10.1038/jes.2016.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Climate change is anticipated to alter the production, use, release, and fate of environmental chemicals, likely leading to increased uncertainty in exposure and human health risk predictions. Exposure science provides a key connection between changes in climate and associated health outcomes. The theme of the 2015 Annual Meeting of the International Society of Exposure Science-Exposures in an Evolving Environment-brought this issue to the fore. By directing attention to questions that may affect society in profound ways, exposure scientists have an opportunity to conduct "consequential science"-doing science that matters, using our tools for the greater good and to answer key policy questions, and identifying causes leading to implementation of solutions. Understanding the implications of changing exposures on public health may be one of the most consequential areas of study in which exposure scientists could currently be engaged. In this paper, we use a series of case studies to identify exposure data gaps and research paths that will enable us to capture the information necessary for understanding climate change-related human exposures and consequent health impacts. We hope that paper will focus attention on under-developed areas of exposure science that will likely have broad implications for public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judy S LaKind
- LaKind Associates, LLC, 106 Oakdale Avenue, Catonsville, 21228 MD USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, 21201 MD USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Hershey Medical Center, Penn State U College of Medicine, Hershey, 17033 PA USA
| | - Jonathan Overpeck
- Institute of the Environment, University of Arizona, ENR2 Building, Room N523, 1064 East Lowell Street, PO Box 210137, Tucson, 85721-013 7 AZ USA
| | - Patrick N Breysse
- National Center for Environmental Health/Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, 4770 Buford Highway, NE, MS-F60,, Atlanta, 30341 GA USA
| | - Lorrie Backer
- National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway, NE, MS-F60, Atlanta, 30341 GA USA
| | - Susan D Richardson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, 631 Sumter Street, JM Palms Center for GSR, Columbia, 29208 SC USA
| | - Jon Sobus
- National Exposure Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Mail Code: E205-04, Research Triangle Park, 27711 NC USA
| | - Amir Sapkota
- Maryland Institute for Applied Environmental Health, University of Maryland School of Public Health, College Park, 20742 MD USA
| | - Crystal R Upperman
- Maryland Institute for Applied Environmental Health, University of Maryland School of Public Health, College Park, 20742 MD USA
| | - Chengsheng Jiang
- Maryland Institute for Applied Environmental Health, University of Maryland School of Public Health, College Park, 20742 MD USA
| | - C Ben Beard
- Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, Bacterial Diseases Branch, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Mail Stop P-02, 3156 Rampart Road, Fort Collins, 80521 CO USA
| | - J M Brunkard
- Waterborne Diseases Prevention Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Mail Stop C-09, 1600 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, 30333 GA USA
| | - Jesse E Bell
- Cooperative Institute for Climate and Satellites—NC, North Carolina State University, 151 Patton Avenue, Asheville, 28801 NC USA
| | - Ryan Harris
- USAF, 14th Weather Squadron (DoD Applied Climate Services), Asheville, NC USA
| | - Jean-Paul Chretien
- Armed Forces Health Surveillance Branch, Defense Health Agency, Silver Spring, MD USA
| | - Richard E Peltier
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, 149 Goessmann Laboratory, 686 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, 01003 MA USA
| | - Ginger L Chew
- Division of Environmental Hazards and Health Effects, Air Pollution and Respiratory Health Branch, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway, NE, MS-F60, Atlanta, 30341 GA USA
| | - Benjamin C Blount
- Tobacco and Volatiles Branch of the Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway, NE, MS F47, Atlanta, 30341 GA USA
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Barnes CS, Allenbrand R, Mohammed M, Gard L, Pacheco F, Kennedy K, Portnoy JM, Ciaccio C. Measurement of aeroallergens from furnace filters. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2014; 114:221-5. [PMID: 25457862 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2014.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2014] [Revised: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 10/06/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure assessment is an important component of allergic disease diagnosis and management. Analysis for allergen content in vacuumed dust has been used traditionally. OBJECTIVE To study allergen levels of dust taken from high-efficiency furnace filters in Midwestern homes. METHODS Furnace filters used were FQT12 1-inch disposable filters with high-efficiency media placed in homes enrolled in the Kansas City Safe and Healthy Homes Project. Dust was removed from the filters by vacuuming. Fungal culture was used to obtain counts of viable spores. Aeroallergens Fel d1, Can f1, Mus m1, Der f1, Der p1, and Bla g2 and antigenic material from Alternaria, Aspergillus, Cladosporium, and Penicillium species were measured using commercially available immunoassay materials. RESULTS Sixty filters were recovered from 56 homes after an average 135 days in situ. Mean weight of dust recovered was 2.43 g and correlated well with the time the filter was in place. Viable spore counts ranged to 4.8 × 10(7) per gram of dust. Mean fungal antigenic material ranged to 42 μg per gram for Cladosporium species. Mean aeroallergen material ranged to 7 μg per gram for Fel d1. Aeroallergen measurements were above the level of detection in 100% of houses for Fel d1 and 89% of houses for Bla g2. Levels of Fel d1 and Can f1 were strongly positively correlated. CONCLUSION Allergens from 5 common aeroallergen species and antigenic material from 4 common fungal taxa can be measured in dust taken from high-efficiency furnace filters.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Luke Gard
- The Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri
| | | | - Kevin Kennedy
- The Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Jay M Portnoy
- The Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri
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Rivera-Mariani FE, Mihalic JN, Rule AM, Breysse PN. Immunodetection and quantification of airborne (1-3)-β-D-glucan-carrying particles with the halogen immunoassay. J Immunol Methods 2013. [PMID: 23201385 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2012.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Fungal cell wall components, such as (1-3)-β-D-glucan, are known to be capable of activating the innate immune system and pose a respiratory health risk in different environments. Mass-based non-viable techniques commonly used for assessment of fungal exposures could be β-D-glucan-specific, but are limited to analysis of liquid extracts. The variable solubility of different β-D-glucans may underestimate β-D-glucan exposure and long sampling times required for mass-based methods make assessing short-term exposures difficult. In this study, we evaluated the utility of the halogen immunoassay (HIA), an immunoblotting technique previously used for allergens, to immunodetect and quantify β-D-glucan-carrying particles (BGCPs). The HIA was able to detect BGCPs without background staining when β-D-glucan standards and air samples collected at a poultry house during short sampling periods were evaluated. The image analysis protocol previously developed by our group for mouse allergen allowed simultaneous immunodetection and quantification of β-D-glucan-containing particles. Our results suggest that the HIA holds promise for quantifying β-D-glucan exposures. To our knowledge, this is the first time in which the HIA was used for non-allergenic compounds of microbial or fungal origins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Félix E Rivera-Mariani
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States.
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