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Stockelman KA, Bain AR, Goulding A, DeSouza NM, Rahaman C, Maly L, Greiner JJ, Stauffer BL, DeSouza CA. Negative Influence of Insufficient Sleep on Endothelial Vasodilator and Fibrinolytic Function in Hypertensive Adults. Hypertension 2021; 78:1829-1840. [PMID: 34488434 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.121.17781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly A Stockelman
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder (K.A.S., A.G., N.M.D., C.R., L.M., J.J.G., C.A.D.)
| | - Anthony R Bain
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Windsor, ON, Canada (A.R.B.)
| | - Anabel Goulding
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder (K.A.S., A.G., N.M.D., C.R., L.M., J.J.G., C.A.D.)
| | - Noah M DeSouza
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder (K.A.S., A.G., N.M.D., C.R., L.M., J.J.G., C.A.D.)
| | - Clay Rahaman
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder (K.A.S., A.G., N.M.D., C.R., L.M., J.J.G., C.A.D.)
| | - Lukas Maly
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder (K.A.S., A.G., N.M.D., C.R., L.M., J.J.G., C.A.D.)
| | - Jared J Greiner
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder (K.A.S., A.G., N.M.D., C.R., L.M., J.J.G., C.A.D.)
| | - Brian L Stauffer
- Department of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Center, University of Colorado Denver (B.L.S., C.A.D.).,Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Denver Health Medical Center, CO (B.L.S.)
| | - Christopher A DeSouza
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder (K.A.S., A.G., N.M.D., C.R., L.M., J.J.G., C.A.D.).,Department of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Center, University of Colorado Denver (B.L.S., C.A.D.)
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2
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Zhao L, Meng X, Zhang QY, Dong XQ, Zhou XL. A narrative review of prehypertension and the cardiovascular system: effects and potential pathogenic mechanisms. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:170. [PMID: 33569472 PMCID: PMC7867937 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-5482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In 1939, Robinson and Brucer first proposed the concept of prehypertension (PHTN), which was defined as a systolic blood pressure of 120–139 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure of 80–89 mmHg. PHTN is a major global health risk that adversely affects human health, especially the cardiovascular system. People with PHTN have a higher risk of developing cardiovascular diseases, including stroke, coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction and total cardiovascular events. However, there are few systematic summaries of the relationship between PHTN and the cardiovascular system. Furthermore, because the definition of ‘normal BP’ and the advantages of more intensive BP control remain unclear, there is no consensus on optimal interventions. In an attempt to provide information for clinicians or professionals who are interested in reducing the risk associated with PHTN, we review the existing studies to provide references for them with the effects of PHTN on the cardiovascular system and the potential pathogenic mechanisms of PHTN, including inflammatory responses, insulin resistance, endothelial dysfunction, sympathovagal imbalance, activation of the renin-angiotensin system and others. PHTN is highly prevalent and has adverse effects on health. An effective public health strategy is important to prevent the progression of PHTN. We envisage that this information will increase the public attention of PHTN and help to provide more strategies to reduce the risk of cardiovascular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Meng
- Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qiong-Yu Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xue-Qi Dong
- Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xian-Liang Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Effects of circulating extracellular microvesicles from spinal cord-injured adults on endothelial cell function. Clin Sci (Lond) 2020; 134:777-789. [PMID: 32219341 DOI: 10.1042/cs20200047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
People with spinal cord injury (SCI) have three- to four-fold greater risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) compared with those without SCI. Although circulating extracellular microvesicles are key effectors of vascular health and disease, how their functional phenotype might be altered with SCI is unknown. The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of microvesicles isolated from SCI adults on endothelial cell inflammation and oxidative stress as well as endothelial nitric oxide (NO) synthase (eNOS) activation and tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) expression. Eighteen young and middle-aged adults were studied: 10 uninjured (7M/3F; age: 39 ± 3 years) and 8 cervical level spinal cord injured (SCI; 7M/1F; 46 ± 4 years; cervical injury: C3: n=1; C5: n=4; C6: n=3). Circulating microvesicles were isolated, enumerated and collected from plasma by flow cytometry. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were cultured and treated with microvesicles from either the uninjured or SCI adults. Microvesicles from SCI adults did not affect cellular markers or mediators of inflammation and oxidative stress. However, microvesicles from the SCI adults significantly blunted eNOS activation, NO bioavailability and t-PA production. Intercellular expression of phosphorylated eNOS at Ser1177 and Thr495 sites, specifically, were ∼65% lower and ∼85% higher, respectively, in cells treated with microvesicles from SCI compared with uninjured adults. Decreased eNOS activity and NO production as well as impaired t-PA bioavailability renders the vascular endothelium highly susceptible to atherosclerosis and thrombosis. Thus, circulating microvesicles may contribute to the increased risk of vascular disease and thrombotic events associated with SCI.
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Hijmans JG, Diehl KJ, Bammert TD, Kavlich PJ, Lincenberg GM, Greiner JJ, Stauffer BL, DeSouza CA. Association between hypertension and circulating vascular-related microRNAs. J Hum Hypertens 2018; 32:440-447. [PMID: 29615793 PMCID: PMC6026553 DOI: 10.1038/s41371-018-0061-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
microRNAs (miRNAs) have a key role in regulating inflammation, vascular health and in turn, cardiovascular disease. Specifically, altered circulating expression of miR-17, miR-21, miR-34a, miR-92a, miR-126, miR-145, miR-146a, and miR-150 has been linked with the pathogenesis and progression of cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to determine whether the circulating profile of these vascular-related miRNAs is disrupted with hypertension. Thirty sedentary, middle-aged adults were studied: 15 normotensive (10M/5F; age: 56 ± 1 year; BP: 113/71 ± 2/1 mmHg) and 15 hypertensive (10M/5F; 56 ± 2 year; 140/87 ± 2/2 mmHg). All subjects were non-obese and free of other cardiometabolic disorders. Circulating miRNAs were determined in plasma using standard RT-PCR techniques with miRNA primers of interest. Expression was normalized to exogenous C. elegans miR-39 and reported as relative expression in arbitrary units (AU). Circulating expression of miR-34a (9.18 ± 0.94 vs 5.33 ± 0.91 AU) was higher (~170%; P < 0.01) whereas the expression of miR-21 (1.32 ± 0.25 vs 2.50 ± 0.29 AU), miR-126 (0.85 ± 0.10 vs 1.74 ± 0.27 AU) and miR-146a (1.50 ± 0.20 vs 3.10 ± 0.50 AU) were markedly lower (~50%, ~55%, and ~55% respectively; P < 0.05) in the hypertensive vs normotensive groups. Moreover, circulating levels of miR-34a, miR-21, and miR-126 were significantly related to systolic blood pressure (r = 0.48, r = -0.38; r = -0.48); whereas, miR-146a was significantly related to both systolic (r = -0.58) and diastolic (r = -0.55) blood pressure. There were no significant group differences in circulating miR-17, miR-92a, miR-145, and miR-150. In summary, these results suggest that hypertension, independent of other cardiometabolic risk factors, adversely affects the circulating profile of a subset of vascular-related miRNAs that have been link to CVD risk and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie G Hijmans
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Kyle J Diehl
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Tyler D Bammert
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Philip J Kavlich
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Grace M Lincenberg
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Jared J Greiner
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Brian L Stauffer
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
- Department of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Center, University of Colorado, Denver, CO, 80262, USA
- Denver Health Medical Center, Denver, CO, 80204, USA
| | - Christopher A DeSouza
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Center, University of Colorado, Denver, CO, 80262, USA.
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Stauffer BL, Dow CA, Diehl KJ, Bammert TD, Greiner JJ, DeSouza CA. Nebivolol, But Not Metoprolol, Treatment Improves Endothelial Fibrinolytic Capacity in Adults With Elevated Blood Pressure. J Am Heart Assoc 2017; 6:JAHA.117.007437. [PMID: 29122812 PMCID: PMC5721799 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.117.007437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascular endothelial fibrinolytic function is impaired in adults with prehypertension and hypertension and plays a mechanistic role in the development of atherothrombotic events. The influence of β-blockers on endothelial fibrinolysis is unknown. This study compared the effects of chronic nebivolol and metoprolol treatment on endothelial tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) release in adults with elevated blood pressure (BP). METHODS AND RESULTS Forty-four middle-aged adults (36% women) with elevated BP completed a 3-month, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial comparing nebivolol (5 mg/d), metoprolol succinate (100 mg/d), and placebo. Net endothelial t-PA release was determined in vivo in response to intrabrachial infusions of bradykinin and sodium nitroprusside before and after each intervention. In a subset, the dose-response curves to bradykinin and sodium nitroprusside were repeated with a coinfusion of the antioxidant vitamin C. At baseline, resting BP and endothelial t-PA release were comparable between the 3 groups. BP decreased to a similar extent (≈10 mm Hg) in the nebivolol- and metoprolol-treated groups. There was a substantial increase (≈30%; P<0.05) in the capacity of the endothelium to release t-PA following chronic treatment with nebivolol but not metoprolol or placebo. Mitigating oxidant stress with vitamin C coinfusion potentiated t-PA release (90%; P<0.05) at baseline in all groups. However, after the intervention, t-PA release was unchanged by vitamin C coinfusion in the nebivolol group only. CONCLUSIONS Nebivolol but not metoprolol improves endothelial t-PA release in adults with elevated BP. This may be an important vascular benefit of nebivolol. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01595516.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian L Stauffer
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO .,Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO.,Denver Health Medical Center, Denver, CO
| | - Caitlin A Dow
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO
| | - Kyle J Diehl
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO
| | - Tyler D Bammert
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO
| | - Jared J Greiner
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO
| | - Christopher A DeSouza
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO.,Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO
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It is time to contend with the endothelial consequences of prehypertension. J Hum Hypertens 2015; 29:457-8. [PMID: 25566875 DOI: 10.1038/jhh.2014.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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