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Tan Y, Tian H, Mai J, Wang H, Yang M, Liu S. A case of congenital cataracts with hypotrichosis caused by compound heterozygous variants in the LSS gene. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2024; 12:e2320. [PMID: 37947113 PMCID: PMC10767675 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.2320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with biallelic variants in the lanosterol synthase (LSS) gene has been reported to exhibit phenotypes as follows: non-syndromic form of hypotrichosis, congenital cataracts, and alopecia with intellectual disability or growth retardation. However, genotype-phenotype correlations in the LSS gene are still not completely clear. METHODS In this study, we reported a Chinese girl who had congenital cataracts with hypotrichosis. The trio exome sequencing was performed to elucidate the genetic cause of the patient. RESULTS We identified compound heterozygous variants (c.296G>A, p.G99D and c.1025T>G, p.I342S) in the LSS gene. Both variants altered the amino acid coding at highly conserved amino acid residues and were predicted to be deleterious using prediction software. CONCLUSION Our report expands the spectrum of variants in the LSS gene and will be helpful for genotype-phenotype correlations study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Tan
- Department of Medical GeneticsWest China Second University Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and ChildrenMinistry of Education, Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Huan Tian
- Department of Medical GeneticsWest China Second University Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and ChildrenMinistry of Education, Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Jingqun Mai
- Department of Medical GeneticsWest China Second University Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and ChildrenMinistry of Education, Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - He Wang
- Department of Medical GeneticsWest China Second University Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and ChildrenMinistry of Education, Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Mei Yang
- Department of Medical GeneticsWest China Second University Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and ChildrenMinistry of Education, Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Shanling Liu
- Department of Medical GeneticsWest China Second University Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and ChildrenMinistry of Education, Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
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2
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Kataria S, Dabas P, Saraswathy KN, Sachdeva MP, Jain S. Investigating the morphology and genetics of scalp and facial hair characteristics for phenotype prediction. Sci Justice 2023; 63:135-148. [PMID: 36631178 DOI: 10.1016/j.scijus.2022.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Microscopic traits and ultrastructure of hair such as cross-sectional shape, pigmentation, curvature, and internal structure help determine the level of variations between and across human populations. Apart from cosmetics and anthropological applications, such as determining species, somatic origin (body area), and biogeographic ancestry, the evidential value of hair has increased with rapid progression in the area of forensic DNA phenotyping (FDP). Individuals differ in the features of their scalp hair (greying, shape, colour, balding, thickness, and density) and facial hair (eyebrow thickness, monobrow, and beard thickness) features. Scalp and facial hair characteristics are genetically controlled and lead to visible inter-individual variations within and among populations of various ethnic origins. Hence, these characteristics can be exploited and made more inclusive in FDP, thereby leading to more comprehensive, accurate, and robust prediction models for forensic purposes. The present article focuses on understanding the genetics of scalp and facial hair characteristics with the goal to develop a more inclusive approach to better understand hair biology by integrating hair microscopy with genetics for genotype-phenotype correlation research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suraj Kataria
- Department of Anthropology, University of Delhi, India.
| | - Prashita Dabas
- Amity Institute of Forensic Sciences, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | | | - M P Sachdeva
- Department of Anthropology, University of Delhi, India.
| | - Sonal Jain
- Department of Anthropology, University of Delhi, India.
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3
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Inaba A, Harada H, Ikezaki S, Kumakami-Sakano M, Arai H, Azumane M, Ohshima H, Morikawa K, Kano K, Aoki J, Otsu K. LPA6-RhoA signals regulate junctional complexes for polarity and morphology establishment of maturation stage ameloblasts. J Oral Biosci 2022; 64:85-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2022.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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4
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Hayashi R, Shimomura Y. Update of recent findings in genetic hair disorders. J Dermatol 2021; 49:55-67. [PMID: 34676598 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.16204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Genetic hair disorders, although unusual, are not very rare, and dermatologists often have opportunities to see patients. Significant advances in molecular genetics have led to identifying many causative genes for genetic hair disorders, including the recently identified causative genes, such as LSS and C3ORF52. Many patients have been detected with autosomal recessive woolly hair/hypotrichosis in the Japanese population caused by founder mutations in the LIPH gene. Additionally, many patients with genetic hair disorders caused by other genes have been reported in East Asia including Japan. Understanding genetic hair disorders is essential for dermatologists, and the findings obtained from analyzing these diseases will contribute to revealing the mechanisms of hair follicle morphogenesis and development in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Hayashi
- Division of Dermatology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yutaka Shimomura
- Department of Dermatology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
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5
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Akiyama M. Isolated autosomal recessive woolly hair/hypotrichosis: genetics, pathogenesis and therapies. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2021; 35:1788-1796. [PMID: 33988877 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.17350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Isolated autosomal recessive woolly hair/hypotrichosis (ARWH) is a rare hereditary hair disease characterized by tightly curled sparse hair at birth or in early infancy. Patients with ARWH consist of genetically heterogeneous groups. Woolly hair autosomal recessive 1 (ARWH1) (MIM #278150), woolly hair autosomal recessive 2 (ARWH2) (MIM #604379) and woolly hair autosomal recessive 3 (ARWH3) (MIM #616760) are caused by mutations in LPAR6, LIPH and KRT25, respectively. In addition, nonsense variants in C3ORF52 (*611956) were identified in ARWH patients. The frequencies of the mutations in the causative genes in ARWH patients are thought to differ by ethnicity and country/geographical area. Large numbers of ARWH families with LIPH mutations have been described only in populations from Japan, Pakistan and the Volga-Ural region of Russia. In that region of Russia, most ARWH families have an extremely prevalent founder mutation, the deletion of exon 4, in LIPH. In the Pakistani population, 47.2% of ARWH families had the disease due to LIPH mutations and 52.8% of them carried LPAR6 mutations. The prevalent, recurrent LIPH mutation c.659_660delTA (p.Ile220Argfs*29) was found in more than half of Pakistani ARWH families with LIPH mutations. Most Japanese ARWH families (98.7%) harbour LIPH mutations, including the two highly prevalent, recurrent LIPH mutations c.736T>A (p.Cys246Ser) and c.742C>A (p.His248Asn). In ARWH patients whose disease was due to LIPH, LPAR6 or C3ORF52 mutations, the loss of function of LIPH, LPAR6 or C3ORF52 leads to reduced LIPH-LPA-LPAR6 signalling, resulting in the decreased transactivation of EGFR signalling and the phenotype of underdeveloped hairs. Our recent prospective interventional study suggests that topical minoxidil might be a promising treatment for ARWH due to LIPH mutations, although sufficiently effective treatments have not been established for ARWH yet.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Akiyama
- Department of Dermatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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6
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Murata M, Hayashi R, Kawakami Y, Morizane S, Shimomura Y. Two cases of severe congenital hypotrichosis caused by compound heterozygous mutations in the
LSS
gene. J Dermatol 2020; 48:392-396. [DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.15679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mami Murata
- Department of Dermatology Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine UbeJapan
| | - Ryota Hayashi
- Division of Dermatology Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences NiigataJapan
| | - Yoshio Kawakami
- Department of Dermatology Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Okayama Japan
| | - Shin Morizane
- Department of Dermatology Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Okayama Japan
| | - Yutaka Shimomura
- Department of Dermatology Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine UbeJapan
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7
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Tahara U, Ono N, Aoki S, Kawai T, Nakabayashi K, Hata K, Amagai M, Kubo A. Case of autosomal recessive woolly hair/hypotrichosis with a homozygous c.736T>A mutation of LIPH caused by maternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 3. J Dermatol 2020; 47:e393-e394. [PMID: 32783278 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.15550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Umi Tahara
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noriko Ono
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satomi Aoki
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoko Kawai
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Biology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Nakabayashi
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Biology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Hata
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Biology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masayuki Amagai
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akiharu Kubo
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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8
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Yanagida K, Valentine WJ. Druggable Lysophospholipid Signaling Pathways. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1274:137-176. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-50621-6_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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LPA Induces Keratinocyte Differentiation and Promotes Skin Barrier Function through the LPAR1/LPAR5-RHO-ROCK-SRF Axis. J Invest Dermatol 2019; 139:1010-1022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.10.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Lei L, Su J, Chen J, Chen W, Chen X, Peng C. The role of lysophosphatidic acid in the physiology and pathology of the skin. Life Sci 2018; 220:194-200. [PMID: 30584899 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.12.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 11/25/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is the simplest phospholipid found in nature. LPA is mainly biosynthesized in tissues and cells by autotoxin and PA-PLA1α/PA-PLA1β and is degraded by lipid phosphate phosphatases (LPPs). It is an important component of biofilm, an extracellular signal transmitter and intracellular second messenger. After targeting to endothelial differentiation gene (Edg) family LPA receptors (LPA1, LPA2, LPA3) and non-Edg family LPA receptors (LPA4, LPA5, LPA6), LPA mediates physiological and pathological processes such as embryonic development, angiogenesis, tumor progression, fibrogenesis, wound healing, ischemia/reperfusion injury, and inflammatory reactions. These processes are induced through signaling pathways including mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt, protein kinase C (PKC)-GSK3β-β-catenin, Rho, Stat, and hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α). LPA is involved in multiple physiological and pathological processes in the skin. It not only regulates skin function but also plays an important role in hair follicle development, skin wound healing, pruritus, skin tumors, and scleroderma. Pharmacological inhibition of LPA synthesis or antagonization of LPA receptors is a new strategy for the treatment of various skin disorders. This review focuses on the current understanding of the pathophysiologic role of LPA in the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Lei
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Juan Su
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Junchen Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Wangqing Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
| | - Cong Peng
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
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11
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Pośpiech E, Chen Y, Kukla-Bartoszek M, Breslin K, Aliferi A, Andersen JD, Ballard D, Chaitanya L, Freire-Aradas A, van der Gaag KJ, Girón-Santamaría L, Gross TE, Gysi M, Huber G, Mosquera-Miguel A, Muralidharan C, Skowron M, Carracedo Á, Haas C, Morling N, Parson W, Phillips C, Schneider PM, Sijen T, Syndercombe-Court D, Vennemann M, Wu S, Xu S, Jin L, Wang S, Zhu G, Martin NG, Medland SE, Branicki W, Walsh S, Liu F, Kayser M. Towards broadening Forensic DNA Phenotyping beyond pigmentation: Improving the prediction of head hair shape from DNA. Forensic Sci Int Genet 2018; 37:241-251. [PMID: 30268682 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsigen.2018.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Human head hair shape, commonly classified as straight, wavy, curly or frizzy, is an attractive target for Forensic DNA Phenotyping and other applications of human appearance prediction from DNA such as in paleogenetics. The genetic knowledge underlying head hair shape variation was recently improved by the outcome of a series of genome-wide association and replication studies in a total of 26,964 subjects, highlighting 12 loci of which 8 were novel and introducing a prediction model for Europeans based on 14 SNPs. In the present study, we evaluated the capacity of DNA-based head hair shape prediction by investigating an extended set of candidate SNP predictors and by using an independent set of samples for model validation. Prediction model building was carried out in 9674 subjects (6068 from Europe, 2899 from Asia and 707 of admixed European and Asian ancestries), used previously, by considering a novel list of 90 candidate SNPs. For model validation, genotype and phenotype data were newly collected in 2415 independent subjects (2138 Europeans and 277 non-Europeans) by applying two targeted massively parallel sequencing platforms, Ion Torrent PGM and MiSeq, or the MassARRAY platform. A binomial model was developed to predict straight vs. non-straight hair based on 32 SNPs from 26 genetic loci we identified as significantly contributing to the model. This model achieved prediction accuracies, expressed as AUC, of 0.664 in Europeans and 0.789 in non-Europeans; the statistically significant difference was explained mostly by the effect of one EDAR SNP in non-Europeans. Considering sex and age, in addition to the SNPs, slightly and insignificantly increased the prediction accuracies (AUC of 0.680 and 0.800, respectively). Based on the sample size and candidate DNA markers investigated, this study provides the most robust, validated, and accurate statistical prediction models and SNP predictor marker sets currently available for predicting head hair shape from DNA, providing the next step towards broadening Forensic DNA Phenotyping beyond pigmentation traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Pośpiech
- Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa st. 9, 30-387, Kraków, Poland; Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa st. 7A, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Yan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beichen West Road 1-104, Chaoyang, Beijing, 100101, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Shijingshan, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Magdalena Kukla-Bartoszek
- Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa st. 7, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Krystal Breslin
- Department of Biology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI), IN, USA
| | - Anastasia Aliferi
- King's Forensics, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jeppe D Andersen
- Section of Forensic Genetics, Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederik V's Vej 11, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - David Ballard
- King's Forensics, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lakshmi Chaitanya
- Department of Genetic Identification, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Ana Freire-Aradas
- Institute of Legal Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Melatengürtel 60/62, D-50823, Cologne, Germany; Forensic Genetics Unit, Institute of Forensic Sciences, R/ San Francisco s/n, Faculty of Medicine, 15782, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Kristiaan J van der Gaag
- Division of Biological Traces, Netherlands Forensic Institute, P.O. Box 24044, 2490 AA, The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - Lorena Girón-Santamaría
- Forensic Genetics Unit, Institute of Forensic Sciences, R/ San Francisco s/n, Faculty of Medicine, 15782, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Theresa E Gross
- Institute of Legal Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Melatengürtel 60/62, D-50823, Cologne, Germany
| | - Mario Gysi
- Zurich Institute of Forensic Medicine, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gabriela Huber
- Institute of Legal Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, Müllerstrasse 44, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ana Mosquera-Miguel
- Forensic Genetics Unit, Institute of Forensic Sciences, R/ San Francisco s/n, Faculty of Medicine, 15782, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Charanya Muralidharan
- Department of Biology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI), IN, USA
| | - Małgorzata Skowron
- Department of Dermatology, Collegium Medicum of the Jagiellonian University, Skawińska st. 8, 31-066, Kraków, Poland
| | - Ángel Carracedo
- Forensic Genetics Unit, Institute of Forensic Sciences, R/ San Francisco s/n, Faculty of Medicine, 15782, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, KSA, Saudi Arabia
| | - Cordula Haas
- Zurich Institute of Forensic Medicine, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Niels Morling
- Section of Forensic Genetics, Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederik V's Vej 11, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Walther Parson
- Institute of Legal Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, Müllerstrasse 44, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria; Forensic Science Program, The Pennsylvania State University, 13 Thomas Building, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Christopher Phillips
- Forensic Genetics Unit, Institute of Forensic Sciences, R/ San Francisco s/n, Faculty of Medicine, 15782, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Peter M Schneider
- Institute of Legal Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Melatengürtel 60/62, D-50823, Cologne, Germany
| | - Titia Sijen
- Division of Biological Traces, Netherlands Forensic Institute, P.O. Box 24044, 2490 AA, The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - Denise Syndercombe-Court
- King's Forensics, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London, United Kingdom
| | - Marielle Vennemann
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University of Münster, Röntgenstr. 23, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Sijie Wu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Shijingshan, Beijing, 100049, PR China; Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yue Yang Road Shanghai, 200031, PR China
| | - Shuhua Xu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Shijingshan, Beijing, 100049, PR China; Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yue Yang Road Shanghai, 200031, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, 2005 Song Hu Road Shanghai, 200438, PR China; School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai-Tech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Pudong, Shanghai, 201210, PR China
| | - Li Jin
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yue Yang Road Shanghai, 200031, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, 2005 Song Hu Road Shanghai, 200438, PR China
| | - Sijia Wang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Shijingshan, Beijing, 100049, PR China; Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yue Yang Road Shanghai, 200031, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, 2005 Song Hu Road Shanghai, 200438, PR China
| | - Ghu Zhu
- Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Royal Brisbane Hospital, QLD 4029, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Nick G Martin
- Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Royal Brisbane Hospital, QLD 4029, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Sarah E Medland
- Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Royal Brisbane Hospital, QLD 4029, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Wojciech Branicki
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa st. 7A, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Susan Walsh
- Department of Biology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI), IN, USA
| | - Fan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beichen West Road 1-104, Chaoyang, Beijing, 100101, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Shijingshan, Beijing, 100049, PR China; Department of Genetic Identification, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Manfred Kayser
- Department of Genetic Identification, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, Netherlands.
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12
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Asano N, Okita T, Yasuno S, Yamaguchi M, Kashiwagi K, Kanekura T, Shimomura Y. Identification of a novel splice site mutation in the LIPH
gene in a Japanese family with autosomal recessive woolly hair. J Dermatol 2018; 46:e19-e20. [DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.14534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nobuyuki Asano
- Department of Dermatology; Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine; Ube Japan
| | - Tomoko Okita
- Department of Dermatology; Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine; Ube Japan
| | - Shuichiro Yasuno
- Department of Dermatology; Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine; Ube Japan
| | - Michiya Yamaguchi
- Department of Dermatology; Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine; Ube Japan
| | - Keisuke Kashiwagi
- Department of Dermatology; Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine; Ube Japan
| | - Takuro Kanekura
- Department of Dermatology; Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences; Kagoshima Japan
| | - Yutaka Shimomura
- Department of Dermatology; Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine; Ube Japan
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13
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Zhang Y, Topham DJ, Thakar J, Qiu X. FUNNEL-GSEA: FUNctioNal ELastic-net regression in time-course gene set enrichment analysis. Bioinformatics 2018; 33:1944-1952. [PMID: 28334094 PMCID: PMC5939227 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btx104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Motivation Gene set enrichment analyses (GSEAs) are widely used in genomic research to identify underlying biological mechanisms (defined by the gene sets), such as Gene Ontology terms and molecular pathways. There are two caveats in the currently available methods: (i) they are typically designed for group comparisons or regression analyses, which do not utilize temporal information efficiently in time-series of transcriptomics measurements; and (ii) genes overlapping in multiple molecular pathways are considered multiple times in hypothesis testing. Results We propose an inferential framework for GSEA based on functional data analysis, which utilizes the temporal information based on functional principal component analysis, and disentangles the effects of overlapping genes by a functional extension of the elastic-net regression. Furthermore, the hypothesis testing for the gene sets is performed by an extension of Mann-Whitney U test which is based on weighted rank sums computed from correlated observations. By using both simulated datasets and a large-scale time-course gene expression data on human influenza infection, we demonstrate that our method has uniformly better receiver operating characteristic curves, and identifies more pathways relevant to immune-response to human influenza infection than the competing approaches. Availability and Implementation The methods are implemented in R package FUNNEL, freely and publicly available at: https://github.com/yunzhang813/FUNNEL-GSEA-R-Package. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology
| | - David J Topham
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Juilee Thakar
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Xing Qiu
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology
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14
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Mizukami Y, Hayashi R, Tsuruta D, Shimomura Y, Sugawara K. Novel splice site mutation in the LIPH gene in a patient with autosomal recessive woolly hair/hypotrichosis: Case report and published work review. J Dermatol 2018; 45:613-617. [PMID: 29464811 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.14257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Autosomal recessive woolly hair is a relatively rare hereditary hair disorder characterized by sparse, short, curly hair. This condition is known to be caused by mutations in the LIPH gene, LPAR6 gene or KRT25 gene. In the Japanese population, most patients with autosomal recessive woolly hair carry one of two founder mutations in the LIPH gene, c.736T>A (p.Cys246Ser) or c.742C>A (p.His248Asn). However, occasionally, individuals with this condition carry compound heterozygous mutations, typically one founder mutation and another mutation. In this study, we describe a patient with a compound heterozygous mutation in the LIPH gene at c.736T>A and c.1095-3C>G. The latter mutation created a novel splice site. This was the fourth splice site mutation to be described in the LIPH gene. Furthermore, we performed an in vitro transcription assay in cultured cells, and demonstrated that the c.1095-3C>G mutation led to a frame-shift, which created a premature termination codon at the protein level (p.Glu366Ilefs*7). Finally, we summarized the mutations previously reported for the LIPH gene. Our findings provide further clues as to the molecular basis of autosomal recessive woolly hair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukari Mizukami
- Department of Dermatology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ryota Hayashi
- Division of Dermatology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Daisuke Tsuruta
- Department of Dermatology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yutaka Shimomura
- Department of Dermatology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
| | - Koji Sugawara
- Department of Dermatology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
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15
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Chang XD, Gu YJ, Dai S, Chen XR, Zhang CL, Zhao HS, Song QH. Novel mutations in the lipase H gene lead to secretion defects of LIPH in Chinese patients with autosomal recessive woolly hair/hypotrichosis (ARWH/HT). Mutagenesis 2017; 32:599-606. [PMID: 29346610 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/gex043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Autosomal recessive woolly hair/hypotrichosis (ARWH/HT: OMIM #278150/604379) is a rare hereditary hair disease characterized by tightly curled hair at birth which can lead to sparse hair later in life. The mutations in both LIPH and LPAR6/P2RY5 are responsible for autosomal recessive woolly hair with or without hypotrichosis (ARWH/HT). To conduct clinical and genetic investigations in four patients from three unrelated Chinese Han families with ARWH/HT, we performed mutation screening of LIPH and LPAR6/P2RY5 gene and identified four mutations in LIPH: c.454G>A, c.614A>G, c.736T>A, c.742C>A. c.736T>A and c.742C>A mutations were reported in previous studies, and c.454G>A, c.614A>G were identified for the first time. We carried out functional studies of the two mutants with c.454G>A (p.Gly152Arg, G152R) or c.614A>G (p.His205Arg, H205R). Interestingly, both of them lead to secretion defects of LIPH, which are involved in the pathogenesis of ARWH/HT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Dan Chang
- Department of Dermatology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ya-Juan Gu
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Shan Dai
- Department of Dermatology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xue-Rong Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chun-Lei Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hong-Shan Zhao
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Human Disease Genomics Center, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Qing-Hua Song
- Department of Dermatology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
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16
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Takeichi T, Tanahashi K, Taki T, Kono M, Sugiura K, Akiyama M. Mutational analysis of 29 patients with autosomal-recessive woolly hair and hypotrichosis: LIPH
mutations are extremely predominant in autosomal-recessive woolly hair and hypotrichosis in Japan. Br J Dermatol 2017; 177:290-292. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.15070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Takeichi
- Department of Dermatology; Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine; Nagoya Japan
| | - K. Tanahashi
- Department of Dermatology; Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine; Nagoya Japan
| | - T. Taki
- Department of Dermatology; Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine; Nagoya Japan
| | - M. Kono
- Department of Dermatology; Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine; Nagoya Japan
| | - K. Sugiura
- Department of Dermatology; Fujita Health University School of Medicine; Toyoake Japan
| | - M. Akiyama
- Department of Dermatology; Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine; Nagoya Japan
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17
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18
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Kinoshita‐Ise M, Kubo A, Sasaki T, Umegaki‐Arao N, Amagai M, Ohyama M. Identification of factors contributing to phenotypic divergence via quantitative image analyses of autosomal recessive woolly hair/hypotrichosis with homozygous c.736T>A
LIPH
mutation. Br J Dermatol 2016; 176:138-144. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.14836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Kinoshita‐Ise
- Department of Dermatology Keio University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan
- Department of Dermatology Kyorin University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan
| | - A. Kubo
- Department of Dermatology Keio University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan
| | - T. Sasaki
- Department of Dermatology Keio University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan
- KOSÉ Endowed Program for Skin Care and Allergy Prevention Keio University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan
| | - N. Umegaki‐Arao
- Department of Dermatology Keio University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan
| | - M. Amagai
- Department of Dermatology Keio University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan
| | - M. Ohyama
- Department of Dermatology Keio University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan
- Department of Dermatology Kyorin University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan
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19
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Journey toward unraveling the molecular basis of hereditary hair disorders. J Dermatol Sci 2016; 84:232-238. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2016.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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20
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Itoh E, Nakahara T, Furumura M, Furue M, Shimomura Y. Case of autosomal recessive woolly hair/hypotrichosis with atopic dermatitis. J Dermatol 2016; 44:1185-1186. [DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.13660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eriko Itoh
- Division of Skin Surface Sensing; Department of Dermatology; Graduate School of Medical Sciences; Kyushu University; Fukuoka Japan
- Department of Dermatology; Fukuoka Dental College; Fukuoka Japan
| | - Takeshi Nakahara
- Division of Skin Surface Sensing; Department of Dermatology; Graduate School of Medical Sciences; Kyushu University; Fukuoka Japan
| | - Minao Furumura
- Department of Dermatology; Fukuoka Dental College; Fukuoka Japan
| | - Masutaka Furue
- Department of Dermatology; Graduate School of Medical Sciences; Kyushu University; Fukuoka Japan
| | - Yutaka Shimomura
- Division of Dermatology; Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences; Niigata University; Niigata Japan
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21
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Human Hair and the Impact of Cosmetic Procedures: A Review on Cleansing and Shape-Modulating Cosmetics. COSMETICS 2016. [DOI: 10.3390/cosmetics3030026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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22
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Intragenic deletion mutation in the gene desmoglein 4 underlies autosomal recessive hypotrichosis in six consanguineous families. J Taibah Univ Med Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2015.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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23
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Matsuo Y, Tanaka A, Shimomura Y, Hide M. Novel splice site mutation in LIPH identified in a Japanese patient with autosomal recessive woolly hair. J Dermatol 2016; 43:1384-1385. [PMID: 27094727 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.13373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshimi Matsuo
- Department of Dermatology, Integrated Health Sciences, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Akio Tanaka
- Department of Dermatology, Integrated Health Sciences, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
| | - Yutaka Shimomura
- Division of Dermatology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Michihiro Hide
- Department of Dermatology, Integrated Health Sciences, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
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24
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Hayashi R, Inoue A, Suga Y, Aoki J, Shimomura Y. Analysis of unique mutations in the LPAR6 gene identified in a Japanese family with autosomal recessive woolly hair/hypotrichosis: Establishment of a useful assay system for LPA6. J Dermatol Sci 2015; 78:197-205. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2015.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Revised: 02/14/2015] [Accepted: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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25
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Basit S, Khan S, Ahmad W. Genetics of human isolated hereditary hair loss disorders. Clin Genet 2014; 88:203-12. [DOI: 10.1111/cge.12531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2014] [Revised: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 10/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Basit
- Center for Genetics and Inherited Diseases; Taibah University; Almadinah Almunawwarah Saudi Arabia
| | - S. Khan
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering; Kohat University of Science and Technology; Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan
| | - W. Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences; Quaid-i-Azam University; Islamabad Pakistan
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26
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Hayashi R, Inui S, Farooq M, Ito M, Shimomura Y. Expression studies of a novel splice site mutation in theLIPHgene identified in a Japanese patient with autosomal recessive woolly hair. J Dermatol 2014; 41:890-4. [DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.12623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Accepted: 08/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Hayashi
- Division of Dermatology; Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences; Niigata Japan
- Laboratory of Genetic Skin Diseases; Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences; Niigata Japan
| | - Shigeki Inui
- Department of Regenerative Dermatology; Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine; Suita Japan
| | - Muhammad Farooq
- Laboratory of Genetic Skin Diseases; Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences; Niigata Japan
| | - Masaaki Ito
- Division of Dermatology; Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences; Niigata Japan
| | - Yutaka Shimomura
- Laboratory of Genetic Skin Diseases; Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences; Niigata Japan
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27
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Hayashi R, Akasaka T, Ito M, Shimomura Y. Compound heterozygous mutations in two distinct catalytic residues of theLIPHgene underlie autosomal recessive woolly hair in a Japanese family. J Dermatol 2014; 41:937-8. [DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.12612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Hayashi
- Division of Dermatology; Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences; Niigata Japan
- Laboratory of Genetic Skin Diseases; Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences; Niigata Japan
| | - Toshihide Akasaka
- Department of Dermatology; School of Medicine; Iwate Medical University; Morioka Japan
| | - Masaaki Ito
- Division of Dermatology; Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences; Niigata Japan
| | - Yutaka Shimomura
- Laboratory of Genetic Skin Diseases; Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences; Niigata Japan
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28
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Cui M, Jin H, Shi X, Qu G, Liu L, Ding X, Wang Y, Niu C. Lipase member H is a novel secreted protein associated with a poor prognosis for breast cancer patients. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:11461-5. [PMID: 25123262 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2436-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2014] [Accepted: 08/04/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study is to identify the expression status and clinical implications of lipase member H (LIPH) in breast cancer in order to develop strategies for breast cancer management. LIPH expression status was detected in 346 breast cancer specimens by immunohistochemistry. The relationship between LIPH expression, clinico-pathological parameters, and prognosis of breast cancer was determined. LIPH expression was higher in breast cancer specimens than in paracarcinoma tissues (P=0.01). In total, 64.74% (224/346) of breast cancer samples had high expression of the LIPH protein. LIPH was related to tumor size, histological grade, lymph node metastasis, and distant metastasis (P=0.073, 0.001, 0.001, and 0.001, respectively). Furthermore, individuals with high LIPH expression had a significantly higher rate of distant metastasis and poorer disease-specific survival than those with no or low LIPH expression (P=0.01). A Cox regression test indicated that the LIPH protein was an independent prognostic factor (P=0.001). LIPH was differentially expressed in breast cancer individuals and is an independent prognostic factor for breast cancer as well as a potential target for its management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meizi Cui
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, China
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29
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DeStefano GM, Kurban M, Anyane-Yeboa K, Dall'Armi C, Di Paolo G, Feenstra H, Silverberg N, Rohena L, López-Cepeda LD, Jobanputra V, Fantauzzo KA, Kiuru M, Tadin-Strapps M, Sobrino A, Vitebsky A, Warburton D, Levy B, Salas-Alanis JC, Christiano AM. Mutations in the cholesterol transporter gene ABCA5 are associated with excessive hair overgrowth. PLoS Genet 2014; 10:e1004333. [PMID: 24831815 PMCID: PMC4022463 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1004333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2013] [Accepted: 03/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Inherited hypertrichoses are rare syndromes characterized by excessive hair growth that does not result from androgen stimulation, and are often associated with additional congenital abnormalities. In this study, we investigated the genetic defect in a case of autosomal recessive congenital generalized hypertrichosis terminalis (CGHT) (OMIM135400) using whole-exome sequencing. We identified a single base pair substitution in the 5' donor splice site of intron 32 in the ABC lipid transporter gene ABCA5 that leads to aberrant splicing of the transcript and a decrease in protein levels throughout patient hair follicles. The homozygous recessive disruption of ABCA5 leads to reduced lysosome function, which results in an accumulation of autophagosomes, autophagosomal cargos as well as increased endolysosomal cholesterol in CGHT keratinocytes. In an unrelated sporadic case of CGHT, we identified a 1.3 Mb cryptic deletion of chr17q24.2-q24.3 encompassing ABCA5 and found that ABCA5 levels are dramatically reduced throughout patient hair follicles. Collectively, our findings support ABCA5 as a gene underlying the CGHT phenotype and suggest a novel, previously unrecognized role for this gene in regulating hair growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gina M. DeStefano
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Mazen Kurban
- Department of Dermatology, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Kwame Anyane-Yeboa
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Claudia Dall'Armi
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Gilbert Di Paolo
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Heather Feenstra
- St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Nanette Silverberg
- St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Luis Rohena
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | | | - Vaidehi Jobanputra
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Katherine A. Fantauzzo
- Department of Dermatology, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Maija Kiuru
- Department of Dermatology, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Marija Tadin-Strapps
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Antonio Sobrino
- New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Anna Vitebsky
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Dorothy Warburton
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Brynn Levy
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | | | - Angela M. Christiano
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
- Department of Dermatology, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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30
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Geach TJ, Faas L, Devader C, Gonzalez-Cordero A, Tabler JM, Brunsdon H, Isaacs HV, Dale L. An essential role for LPA signalling in telencephalon development. Development 2014; 141:940-9. [PMID: 24496630 DOI: 10.1242/dev.104901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) has wide-ranging effects on many different cell types, acting through G-protein-coupled receptors such as LPAR6. We show that Xenopus lpar6 is expressed from late blastulae and is enriched in the mesoderm and dorsal ectoderm of early gastrulae. Expression in gastrulae is an early response to FGF signalling. Transcripts for lpar6 are enriched in the neural plate of Xenopus neurulae and loss of function caused forebrain defects, with reduced expression of telencephalic markers (foxg1, emx1 and nkx2-1). Midbrain (en2) and hindbrain (egr2) markers were unaffected. Foxg1 expression requires LPAR6 within ectoderm and not mesoderm. Head defects caused by LPAR6 loss of function were enhanced by co-inhibiting FGF signalling, with defects extending into the hindbrain (en2 and egr2 expression reduced). This is more severe than expected from simple summation of individual defects, suggesting that LPAR6 and FGF have overlapping or partially redundant functions in the anterior neural plate. We observed similar defects in forebrain development in loss-of-function experiments for ENPP2, an enzyme involved in the synthesis of extracellular LPA. Our study demonstrates a role for LPA in early forebrain development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy J Geach
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, Anatomy Building, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
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31
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Nissimov JN, Das Chaudhuri AB. Hair curvature: a natural dialectic and review. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2014; 89:723-66. [PMID: 24617997 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2012] [Revised: 12/18/2013] [Accepted: 01/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Although hair forms (straight, curly, wavy, etc.) are present in apparently infinite variations, each fibre can be reduced to a finite sequence of tandem segments of just three types: straight, bent/curly, or twisted. Hair forms can thus be regarded as resulting from genetic pathways that induce, reverse or modulate these basic curvature modes. However, physical interconversions between twists and curls demonstrate that strict one-to-one correspondences between them and their genetic causes do not exist. Current hair-curvature theories do not distinguish between bending and twisting mechanisms. We here introduce a multiple papillary centres (MPC) model which is particularly suitable to explain twisting. The model combines previously known features of hair cross-sectional morphology with partially/completely separated dermal papillae within single follicles, and requires such papillae to induce differential growth rates of hair cortical material in their immediate neighbourhoods. The MPC model can further help to explain other, poorly understood, aspects of hair growth and morphology. Separate bending and twisting mechanisms would be preferentially affected at the major or minor ellipsoidal sides of fibres, respectively, and together they exhaust the possibilities for influencing hair-form phenotypes. As such they suggest dialectic for hair-curvature development. We define a natural-dialectic (ND) which could take advantage of speculative aspects of dialectic, but would verify its input data and results by experimental methods. We use this as a top-down approach to first define routes by which hair bending or twisting may be brought about and then review evidence in support of such routes. In particular we consider the wingless (Wnt) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathways as paradigm pathways for molecular hair bending and twisting mechanisms, respectively. In addition to the Wnt canonical pathway, the Wnt/Ca(2+) and planar cell polarity (PCP) pathways, and others, can explain many alternatives and specific variations of hair bending phenotypes. Mechanisms for hair papilla budding or its division by bisection or fission can explain MPC formation. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal (EMT) and mesenchymal-to-epithelial (MET) transitions, acting in collaboration with epithelial-mesenchymal communications are also considered as mechanisms affecting hair growth and its bending and twisting. These may be treated as sub-mechanisms of an overall development from neural-crest stem cell (NCSC) lineages to differentiated hair follicle (HF) cell types, thus providing a unified framework for hair growth and development.
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32
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Tanahashi K, Sugiura K, Kono M, Takama H, Hamajima N, Akiyama M. Highly prevalent LIPH founder mutations causing autosomal recessive woolly hair/hypotrichosis in Japan and the genotype/phenotype correlations. PLoS One 2014; 9:e89261. [PMID: 24586639 PMCID: PMC3929696 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0089261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2013] [Accepted: 01/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in LIPH cause of autosomal recessive woolly hair/hypotrichosis (ARWH), and the 2 missense mutations c.736T>A (p.Cys246Ser) and c.742C>A (p.His248Asn) are considered prevalent founder mutations for ARWH in the Japanese population. To reveal genotype/phenotype correlations in ARWH cases in Japan and the haplotypes in 14 Japanese patients from 14 unrelated Japanese families. 13 patients had woolly hair, and 1 patient had complete baldness since birth. An LIPH mutation search revealed homozygous c.736T>A mutations in 10 of the patients. Compound heterozygous c.736T>A and c.742C>A mutations were found in 3 of the patients, and homozygous c.742C>A mutation in 1 patient. The phenotype of mild hypotrichosis with woolly hair was restricted to the patients with the homozygous c.736T>A mutation. The severe phenotype of complete baldness was seen in only 1 patient with homozygous c.742C>A. Haplotype analysis revealed that the alleles containing the LIPH c.736T>A mutation had a haplotype identical to that reported previously, although 4 alleles out of 5 chromosomes containing the LIPH c.742C>A mutation had a different haplotype from the previously reported founder allele. These alleles with c.742C>A are thought to be the third founder LIPH mutation causing ARWH. To accurately determine the prevalence of the founder mutations, we investigated allele frequencies of those mutations in 819 Japanese controls. Heterozygous c.736T>A mutations were found in 13 controls (allele frequency: 0.0079; carrier rate: 0.016), and heterozygous c.742C>A mutations were found in 2 controls (allele frequency: 0.0012; carrier rate: 0.0024). In conclusion, this study confirms the more accurate allele frequencies of the pathogenic founder mutations of LIPH and shows that there is a third founder mutation in Japan. In addition, the present findings suggest that the mutation patterns of LIPH might be associated with hypotrichosis severity in ARWH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kana Tanahashi
- Department of Dermatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kazumitsu Sugiura
- Department of Dermatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Michihiro Kono
- Department of Dermatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | - Nobuyuki Hamajima
- Department of Healthcare Administration, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masashi Akiyama
- Department of Dermatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Matsuno N, Kunisada M, Kanki H, Simomura Y, Nishigori C. A case of autosomal recessive woolly hair/hypotrichosis with alternation in severity: deterioration and improvement with age. Case Rep Dermatol 2014; 5:363-7. [PMID: 24474919 PMCID: PMC3901624 DOI: 10.1159/000357208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Autosomal recessive woolly hair/hypotrichosis (ARWH/H) is a nonsyndromic hair abnormality characterized by sparse, short and curly hair (WH/H). We report the case of a 3-year-old female, with no consanguineous ancestry, who exhibited WH/H. Normal hair was observed at birth, but severe hair loss had developed within the first 6 months; however, her hair density had improved somewhat by age 3. Light microscopy showed hair shaft invaginations, and polarized light microscopy suggested complete medullary disruption of the hair. Direct sequence analysis of peripheral blood showed a homozygous missense mutation in exon 6 of the lipase H gene (LIPH: c.736T>A, p.Cys246Ser), and the exact same mutation was found in the heterozygous state in both parents. The initial deterioration followed by improvement with age observed in this case suggests that the clinical course of ARWH/H may vary among patients with the same mutation in LIPH detected in this case, indicating that additional factors may influence the effect of LIPH on hair development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoko Matsuno
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Related, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Niigata, Japan
| | - Makoto Kunisada
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Related, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Niigata, Japan
| | - Haruhisa Kanki
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Related, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yutaka Simomura
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Related, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Niigata, Japan
| | - Chikako Nishigori
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Related, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Niigata, Japan
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A novel mutation, c.699C>G (p.C233W), in the LIPH gene leads to a loss of the hydrolytic activity and the LPA6 activation ability of PA-PLA1α in autosomal recessive wooly hair/hypotrichosis. J Dermatol Sci 2013; 72:61-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2013.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2012] [Revised: 04/16/2013] [Accepted: 05/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Liu LH, Chen G, Wang JW, Liu SX, Wang JB, Zhou FS, Zhu J, Sun LD, Gao M, Wang PG, Yang S, Zhang XJ. A novel deletion mutation in theLPAR6gene underlies autosomal recessive woolly hair with hypotrichosis. Clin Exp Dermatol 2013; 38:796-8. [DOI: 10.1111/ced.12129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Radden LA, Child KM, Adkins EB, Spacek DV, Feliciano AM, King TR. The wooly mutation (wly) on mouse chromosome 11 is associated with a genetic defect in Fam83g. BMC Res Notes 2013; 6:189. [PMID: 23656696 PMCID: PMC3663780 DOI: 10.1186/1756-0500-6-189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2012] [Accepted: 05/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mice homozygous for the spontaneous wooly mutation (abbreviated wly) are recognized as early as 3–4 weeks of age by the rough or matted appearance of their coats. Previous genetic analysis has placed wly in a 5.9 Mb interval on Chromosome 11 that contains over 200 known genes. Assignment of wly to one of these genes is needed in order to provide probes that would ultimately facilitate a complete molecular analysis of that gene’s role in the normal and disrupted development of the mammalian integument. Results Here, a large intraspecific backcross family was used to genetically map wly to a smaller (0.8 Mb) span on mouse Chromosome 11 that includes fewer than 20 genes. DNA sequencing of the coding regions in two of these candidates known to be expressed in skin has revealed a 955 bp, wly-specific deletion. This deletion, which lies within the coordinates of both Slc5a10 [for solute carrier family 5 (sodium/glucose cotransporter), member 10] and Fam83g (for family with sequence similarity 83, member G), alters the splicing of mutant Fam83g transcripts only, and is predicted to result in a severely truncated (probably non-functional) protein product. Conclusion We suggest that this mutation in Fam83g is the likely basis of the mouse wooly phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Legairre A Radden
- Biomolecular Sciences, Central Connecticut State University, 1615 Stanley Street, New Britain, CT 06053, USA
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Harada K, Inozume T, Kawamura T, Shibagaki N, Kinoshita T, Deguchi N, Shimada S. Two cases of autosomal recessive woolly hair withLIPHgene mutations. Int J Dermatol 2013; 52:572-4. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-4632.2012.05775.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kazutoshi Harada
- Department of Dermatology; Faculty of Medicine; University of Yamanashi; Chuo-shi; Japan
| | - Takashi Inozume
- Department of Dermatology; Faculty of Medicine; University of Yamanashi; Chuo-shi; Japan
| | - Tatsuyoshi Kawamura
- Department of Dermatology; Faculty of Medicine; University of Yamanashi; Chuo-shi; Japan
| | - Naotaka Shibagaki
- Department of Dermatology; Faculty of Medicine; University of Yamanashi; Chuo-shi; Japan
| | | | - Nobuhiro Deguchi
- Department of Dermatology; Yamanashi Kosei Hospital; Yamanashi-shi; Japan
| | - Shinji Shimada
- Department of Dermatology; Faculty of Medicine; University of Yamanashi; Chuo-shi; Japan
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Westgate GE, Botchkareva NV, Tobin DJ. The biology of hair diversity. Int J Cosmet Sci 2013; 35:329-36. [PMID: 23363384 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2012] [Accepted: 01/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gillian E Westgate
- Centre for Skin Sciences; School of Life Sciences; University of Bradford; Richmond Road Bradford West Yorkshire BD7 1DP UK
- Westgate Consultancy Ltd; Court Lane Stevington Bedfordshire MK43 7QT UK
| | - Natalia V Botchkareva
- Centre for Skin Sciences; School of Life Sciences; University of Bradford; Richmond Road Bradford West Yorkshire BD7 1DP UK
| | - Desmond J Tobin
- Centre for Skin Sciences; School of Life Sciences; University of Bradford; Richmond Road Bradford West Yorkshire BD7 1DP UK
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Tariq M, Azhar A, Baig SM, Dahl N, Klar J. A novel mutation in the Lipase H gene underlies autosomal recessive hypotrichosis and woolly hair. Sci Rep 2012; 2:730. [PMID: 23066499 PMCID: PMC3470015 DOI: 10.1038/srep00730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2012] [Accepted: 08/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the lipase member H (LIPH) gene cause autosomal recessive hypotrichosis with woolly hair. We report herein on five consanguineous families from Pakistan segregating hypotrichosis and woolly hair. Genetic investigation using polymorphic microsatellite markers revealed homozygosity for a region spanning the HYPT7 locus on chromosome 3 in affected individuals of all five families. Sequence analysis of the LIPH gene revealed a novel nonsense mutation (p.Arg260X) associated with hypotrichosis without woolly hair in one family. In the remaining four families we identified previously described mutations in a homozygous state in affected members. These findings extend the spectrum of known LIPH mutations in the Pakistani population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Tariq
- Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering-NIBGE, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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A Missense Mutation within the Helix Initiation Motif of the Keratin K71 Gene Underlies Autosomal Dominant Woolly Hair/Hypotrichosis. J Invest Dermatol 2012; 132:2342-2349. [DOI: 10.1038/jid.2012.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Holmes RS, Cox LA. Comparative structures and evolution of vertebrate lipase H (LIPH) genes and proteins: a relative of the phospholipase A1 gene families. 3 Biotech 2012. [PMCID: PMC3482443 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-012-0087-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipase H (LIPH) is a membrane-bound phospholipase generating 2-acyl lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) in the body. LPA is a lipid mediator required for maintaining homeostasis of diverse biological functions and in activating cell surface receptors such as P2Y5, which plays an essential role in hair growth. Bioinformatic methods were used to predict the amino acid sequences, secondary and tertiary structures, and gene locations for LIPH genes and encoded proteins using data from several vertebrate genome projects. Vertebrate LIPH genes contained ten coding exons transcribed on either the positive or negative DNA strands. Evidence is presented for duplicated LIPH genes for the chicken and zebra fish genomes. Vertebrate LIPH protein subunits shared 56–97 % sequence identities and exhibited sequence alignments and identities for key LIPH amino acid residues as well as extensive conservation of predicted secondary and tertiary structures with those previously reported for horse pancreatic lipase (LIPP), with ‘N-signal peptide’, ‘lipase,’ and ‘plat’ structural domains. Comparative studies of vertebrate LIPH sequences with other phospholipase A1-like lipases (LIPI and PS-PLA1), as well as vascular and pancreatic lipases, confirmed predictions for LIPH N-terminal signal peptides (residues 1–18); a conserved vertebrate LIPH N-glycosylation site (66NVT for human LIPH); active site ‘triad’ residues (Ser 154; Asp 178; His 248); disulfide bond residues (233–246; 270–281; 284–292; 427–446), and a ‘short’ 12 residue ‘active site lid’, which is comparable to other phospholipases examined. Phylogenetic analyses demonstrated the relationships and potential evolutionary origins of the vertebrate LIPH family of genes related to, but distinct from other phospholipase A1-like genes (LIPI and PS-PLA1), and from vascular lipase and pancreatic lipase gene families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger S. Holmes
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX USA
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
- School of Biomolecular and Physical Sciences, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD 4111 Australia
| | - Laura A. Cox
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX USA
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
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The β9 Loop Domain of PA-PLA1α Has a Crucial Role in Autosomal Recessive Woolly Hair/Hypotrichosis. J Invest Dermatol 2012; 132:2093-5. [DOI: 10.1038/jid.2012.96] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Tanahashi K, Sugiura K, Takeichi T, Takama H, Shinkuma S, Shimizu H, Akiyama M. Prevalent founder mutation c.736T>A of LIPH in autosomal recessive woolly hair of Japanese leads to variable severity of hypotrichosis in adulthood. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2012; 27:1182-4. [PMID: 22449147 DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-3083.2012.04526.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mutations in LIPH are a cause of autosomal recessive woolly hair (ARWH). Homozygous c.736T>A (p.Cys246Ser), and compound heterozygous c.736T>A and c.742C>A (p.His248Asn) have been reported in 5 and 7 Japanese children with ARWH respectively. The severity of hypotrichosis is known to be able to change in the clinical course, and the mutation patterns of LIPH do not always correlate with the severity of hypotrichosis in ARWH caused by other mutation sites of LIPH. However, all 12 Japanese children previously reported to have ARWH have shown similar severity of hypotrichosis. OBJECTIVE In this study, we investigated the clinical features and molecular basis of ARWH in patients including three adults (three adults and two children) from five non-related Japanese families. METHODS Five families of Japanese origin that presented with woolly hair were studied. The phenotype was confirmed by clinical examination. Direct automated DNA sequencing of the LIPH gene was performed to identify the mutations in our probands. RESULTS All patients had had woolly hair since birth. Homozygous c.736T>A mutations were found in four patients, including three adult cases, and compound heterozygous c.736T>A and c.742C>A mutations were found in one child patient. The two adults and two children had only sparse scalp hair, although one adult woman had mild hypotrichosis with long hairs. CONCLUSION Some patients with homozygous c.736T>A can have a mild hypotrichosis phenotype with long hairs in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Tanahashi
- Department of Dermatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
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Kurban M, Wajid M, Shimomura Y, Christiano AM. Mutations in LPAR6/P2RY5 and LIPH are associated with woolly hair and/or hypotrichosis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2012; 27:545-9. [PMID: 22385360 DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-3083.2012.04472.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Woolly hair (WH) belongs to a family of disorders characterized by hair shaft anomalies that clinically presents with tightly curled hair, which can be divided into syndromic and non-syndromic forms of WH. We have recently identified mutations in both LPAR6/P2RY5 and LIPH that are associated with autosomal recessive woolly hair (ARWH). OBJECTIVE To study the underlying genetic causes of autosomal woolly hair in Pakistani population. METHODS We studied 10 Pakistani families with ARWH for mutations in LPAR6/P2RY5 and LIPH and then performed haplotype analysis to confirm their segregation in the families. RESULTS We identified five mutations in LPAR6/P2RY5, among which three were recurrent and two were novel in eight Pakistani families. We then showed that two of the mutations in LPAR6/P2RY5 are founder mutations in Pakistani families. Moreover, we identified two recurrent mutations in the LIPH gene in two Pakistani families. CONCLUSION Our study extends the spectrum of mutations in LPAR6/P2RY5 gene and underscores those mutations in LPAR6/P2RY5 and LIPH result in similar phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kurban
- Department of Dermatology, Columbia University, New York, USA
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Kitamura H, Makide K, Shuto A, Ikubo M, Inoue A, Suzuki K, Sato Y, Nakamura S, Otani Y, Ohwada T, Aoki J. GPR34 is a receptor for lysophosphatidylserine with a fatty acid at the sn-2 position. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 151:511-8. [DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvs011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Unveiling the roots of monogenic genodermatoses: genotrichoses as a paradigm. J Invest Dermatol 2011; 132:906-14. [PMID: 22170492 DOI: 10.1038/jid.2011.408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The past two decades have seen significant and unprecedented progress in human genetics owing to the advent of novel molecular biological technologies and major developments in computational methods. Dermatology has benefited from and, in some cases, led these advances. In this article, we review major discoveries in the field of inherited hair diseases, which illustrate the changes that genodermatology has undergone in recent years from a mostly descriptive discipline through the elucidation of the molecular basis of numerous disorders, up to the first attempts at translating these new findings into novel preventive and therapeutic tools to the benefit of our patients.
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Inoue A, Arima N, Ishiguro J, Prestwich GD, Arai H, Aoki J. LPA-producing enzyme PA-PLA₁α regulates hair follicle development by modulating EGFR signalling. EMBO J 2011; 30:4248-60. [PMID: 21857648 DOI: 10.1038/emboj.2011.296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2011] [Accepted: 07/20/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent genetic studies of human hair disorders have suggested a critical role of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) signalling in hair follicle development, mediated by an LPA-producing enzyme, phosphatidic acid-selective phospholipase A(1)α (PA-PLA(1)α, also known as LIPH), and a recently identified LPA receptor, P2Y5 (also known as LPA(6)). However, the underlying molecular mechanism is unknown. Here, we show that epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signalling underlies LPA-induced hair follicle development. PA-PLA(1)α-deficient mice generated in this study exhibited wavy hairs due to the aberrant formation of the inner root sheath (IRS) in hair follicles, which resembled mutant mice defective in tumour necrosis factor α converting enzyme (TACE), transforming growth factor α (TGFα) and EGFR. PA-PLA(1)α was co-localized with TACE, TGFα and tyrosine-phosphorylated EGFR in the IRS. In PA-PLA(1)α-deficient hair follicles, cleaved TGFα and tyrosine-phosphorylated EGFR, as well as LPA, were significantly reduced. LPA, P2Y5 agonists and recombinant PA-PLA(1)α enzyme induced P2Y5- and TACE-mediated ectodomain shedding of TGFα through G12/13 pathway and consequent EGFR transactivation in vitro. These data demonstrate that a PA-PLA(1)α-LPA-P2Y5 axis regulates differentiation and maturation of hair follicles via a TACE-TGFα-EGFR pathway, thus underscoring the physiological importance of LPA-induced EGFR transactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asuka Inoue
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan. or
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