1
|
Shurrab K, Alzghayar JN. Low-level laser therapy for skin rejuvenation: A safe and effective solution baked by data and visual evidence. J Cosmet Dermatol 2024; 23:3234-3240. [PMID: 38817003 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.16404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skin aging and photoaging is a process that may appear at a relatively early age, causing an aesthetic problem. Common signs of skin aging include wrinkles, dyspigmentation, and decreased elasticity. AIM Aim of this article is to study the effectiveness and safety of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) for skin rejuvenation. METHODS Thirty Syrian female patients aged 25-50 participated in this study and were diagnosed with moderate to severe melasma and wrinkles. The patients were divided into two groups and received LLLT with a wavelength of 660 nm emitting a continuous wave. The power density and dose used were 15.6 mW/cm2, and 3 J/cm2 respectively, and the laser effective area was 32 cm2. The evaluation was done before, during, and after 12 treatment sessions, based on photographs, in addition to the modified Melasma Area Severity Index (MASI), Pinch test, and Fitzpatrick's classification of facial wrinkling at baseline. RESULTS Comparing before, and after treatment, and between the two groups, revealed a significant improvement in skin rejuvenation, with a statistical significance (p < 0.05). Additional outcome measures included assessments of patient satisfaction scores, and no adverse effects or re-pigmentation were reported. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that LLLT may be a useful and safe therapeutic option in treating melasma, skin elasticity, and wrinkle improvement, which we advised to be integrated into treatment, and follow-up programs in cosmetics and dermatology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kawthar Shurrab
- Higher Institute for Laser Research and Applications, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Omatsu J, Yamashita T, Mori T, Osuji Y, Kawanabe R, Kuzumi A, Yoshizaki A, Yokota T, Yamazaki K, Sato S, Yoshizaki A. Neuromuscular electrical stimulation for facial wrinkles and sagging: The 8-week prospective, split-face, controlled trial in Asians. J Cosmet Dermatol 2024; 23:3222-3233. [PMID: 38992992 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.16403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to fill the knowledge gap regarding the effects of high frequency facial neuromuscular electrical stimulation (fNMES) on facial aging, using a device equipped with CERTEC (Cell Energy Regeneration Technology) operating between 40 and 190 kHz. METHODS This prospective split-face study was conducted at Tokyo University Hospital between March and May 2023 with 24 healthy adult women aged 30-59. The intervention group used the fNMES device along with basic skin care on one side of the face, and basic skin care alone on the other side for 8 weeks. Evaluations included changes in skin wrinkles, sagging, and blood flow. RESULTS This study found significant improvements in skin elasticity and degree of wrinkles in the areas intervened with fNMES (p < 0.05, respectively). In addition, the intervention resulted in significant improvements in jawline angle (p < 0.01), submental volume (p < 0.05), cheek volume (p < 0.05), maximum nasolabial fold depth (p = 0.03), and total volume of the nasolabial folds (p = 0.03). The fNMES intervention also showed improvement in blood flow (p < 0.05). These improvements were also subjectively assessed by the participants in subject questionnaires at 8 weeks after the intervention (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION This study suggests that high frequency fNMES effectively improves facial skin elasticity, reduces wrinkles and sagging, promotes blood flow, and contributes to overall facial appearance rejuvenation. Although further studies are needed, high frequency fNMES appeared promising as a noninvasive anti-aging therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Omatsu
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Yamashita
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toko Mori
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yurika Osuji
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ruriko Kawanabe
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ai Kuzumi
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Asako Yoshizaki
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomomi Yokota
- Face Lift Laboratory, Research and Development Department, YA-MAN Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kentaro Yamazaki
- Face Lift Laboratory, Research and Development Department, YA-MAN Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinichi Sato
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ayumi Yoshizaki
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Clinical Cannabinoid Research, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lee H, Hong J. Modulation of Photosensitizing Responses in Cell Culture Environments by Different Medium Components. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:10016. [PMID: 39337504 PMCID: PMC11432084 DOI: 10.3390/ijms251810016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2024] [Revised: 09/14/2024] [Accepted: 09/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Many cell culture experiments are performed under light to evaluate the photodynamic or photosensitizing efficacy of various agents. In this study, the modulation of photosensitizing responses and phototoxicity under cell culture conditions by different medium components was investigated. The significant levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated from DMEM, RPMI 1640, and MEM were observed under the irradiation of fluorescent light (FL) and white and blue LEDs, indicating that these media have their own photosensitizing properties; DMEM showed the most potent property. Phenol red-free DMEM (Pf-D) exhibited a stronger photosensitizing property than normal DMEM by 1.31 and 1.25 times under FL and blue LEDs, respectively; phenol red and riboflavin-free DMEM (PRbf-D) did not show any photosensitizing properties. The inhibitory effect on light transmission was more pronounced in DMEM than in RPMI, and the interference effect on green LED light was greatest at 57.8 and 27.4%, respectively; the effect disappeared in Pf-D. The media containing riboflavin induced strong phototoxicity in HaCaT keratinocytes by generating H2O2 under light irradiation, which was quenched by sodium pyruvate in the media. The presence of serum in the media was also reduced the phototoxicity; H2O2 levels in the media decreased serum content dependently. The phototoxicity of erythrosine B and protoporphyrin IX under FL was more sensitively pronounced in PRbf-D than in DMEM. The present results indicate that several medium components, including riboflavin, phenol red, sodium pyruvate, and serum, could modulate photosensitizing responses in a cell culture system by inducing photosensitizing activation and by interfering with irradiation efficacy and ROS generation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jungil Hong
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Science and Convergence Technology, Seoul Women’s University, Hwarang-ro 621, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01797, Republic of Korea;
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yamamoto H, Okada M, Sawaguchi Y, Yamada T. Expression of opsin and visual cycle-related enzymes in fetal rat skin keratinocytes and cellular response to blue light. Biochem Biophys Rep 2024; 39:101789. [PMID: 39104840 PMCID: PMC11298612 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2024.101789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The mechanism by which the skin, a non-visual tissue, responds to light remains unknown. To date, opsin expression has been demonstrated in keratinocytes, melanocytes, and fibroblasts, all of which are skin-derived cells. In this study, we examined whether the visual cycle, by which opsin activity is maintained, is present in skin keratinocytes. We also identified the wavelengths of light to which opsin in keratinocytes responds and explored their effects on skin keratinocytes. The fetal rat skin keratinocytes used in this study expressed OPN2, 3, and 5 in addition to enzymes involved in the visual cycle, and all-trans-retinal, which is produced by exposure to light, was reconverted to 11-cis-retinal, resulting in opsin activation. Using the production of all-trans-retinal after light exposure as an indicator, we discovered that keratinocytes responded to light at 450 nm. Furthermore, actin alpha cardiac muscle 1 expression in keratinocytes was enhanced and cell migration was suppressed by exposure to light at these wavelengths. These results indicate that keratinocytes express various opsins and have a visual cycle that keeps opsin active. Moreover, keratinocytes were shown to respond to the blue/UV region of the light spectrum, suggesting that opsin plays a role in the light response of the skin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Yamamoto
- Department of Health and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Food and Health Sciences, Aichi Shukutoku University, Nagakute City, Aichi, 480-1197, Japan
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Cell Biology, Nihon Pharmaceutical University, 10281 Komuro, Ina-machi, Kitaadachi-gun, Saitama, 362-0806, Japan
| | - Momo Okada
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Cell Biology, Nihon Pharmaceutical University, 10281 Komuro, Ina-machi, Kitaadachi-gun, Saitama, 362-0806, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Sawaguchi
- Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Toin University of Yokohama, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Yamada
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Cell Biology, Nihon Pharmaceutical University, 10281 Komuro, Ina-machi, Kitaadachi-gun, Saitama, 362-0806, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang JY, Patel P, Bitterman D, Jagdeo J. An Analysis of Dermatology-Related Red-Light Therapy Patient Questions on Reddit. Dermatol Surg 2024; 50:553-557. [PMID: 38460195 DOI: 10.1097/dss.0000000000004156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reddit is one of the world's most popular social media platforms and is increasingly used as a health information resource for patients on topics such as red-light (RL) therapy. OBJECTIVE In this article, the authors present an analysis of prevalent patient questions and concerns regarding RL therapy. METHODS All posts on the "Hot" page of the r/redlighttherapy subreddit were analyzed and categorized. RESULTS A total of 930 questions from 664 posts were analyzed. The most commonly asked question category was related to product recommendations or feedback (29.7%), followed by usage instructions (15.3%), safety and side effects (12.6%), and indications and efficacy (12.3%). CONCLUSION Understanding patient concerns and questions about RL, as expressed on online platforms like Reddit, can help clinicians improve patient satisfaction, education, and clinical outcomes. The study offers an innovative approach by using social media to uncover valuable patient insights that might not be easily observable within clinical settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Y Wang
- Department of Dermatology, State University of New York, Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York
- Dermatology Service, Veterans Affairs New York Harbor Healthcare System-Brooklyn Campus, Brooklyn, New York
| | - Paras Patel
- Rowan University School of Osteopathic Medicine, Stratford, New Jersey
- Dermatology Service, Veterans Affairs New York Harbor Healthcare System-Brooklyn Campus, Brooklyn, New York
| | - David Bitterman
- Dermatology Service, Veterans Affairs New York Harbor Healthcare System-Brooklyn Campus, Brooklyn, New York
- New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - Jared Jagdeo
- Department of Dermatology, State University of New York, Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York
- Dermatology Service, Veterans Affairs New York Harbor Healthcare System-Brooklyn Campus, Brooklyn, New York
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hernández-Bule ML, Naharro-Rodríguez J, Bacci S, Fernández-Guarino M. Unlocking the Power of Light on the Skin: A Comprehensive Review on Photobiomodulation. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4483. [PMID: 38674067 PMCID: PMC11049838 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Photobiomodulation (PBM) is a procedure that uses light to modulate cellular functions and biological processes. Over the past decades, PBM has gained considerable attention for its potential in various medical applications due to its non-invasive nature and minimal side effects. We conducted a narrative review including articles about photobiomodulation, LED light therapy or low-level laser therapy and their applications on dermatology published over the last 6 years, encompassing research studies, clinical trials, and technological developments. This review highlights the mechanisms of action underlying PBM, including the interaction with cellular chromophores and the activation of intracellular signaling pathways. The evidence from clinical trials and experimental studies to evaluate the efficacy of PBM in clinical practice is summarized with a special emphasis on dermatology. Furthermore, advancements in PBM technology, such as novel light sources and treatment protocols, are discussed in the context of optimizing therapeutic outcomes and improving patient care. This narrative review underscores the promising role of PBM as a non-invasive therapeutic approach with broad clinical applicability. Despite the need for further research to develop standard protocols, PBM holds great potential for addressing a wide range of medical conditions and enhancing patient outcomes in modern healthcare practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Stefano Bacci
- Research Unit of Histology and Embriology, Department of Biology, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy;
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Cha HG, Hur J, Pak CJ, Hong JP, Suh HP. Effect of a portable light emitting diode device on wound healing in a rat model. Int Wound J 2024; 21:e14335. [PMID: 37822047 PMCID: PMC10824621 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.14335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Light-emitting diode (LED) lights produce a variety of wavelengths that have demonstrable efficacy in therapeutic and aesthetic fields. However, a repetitive treatment regimen is required to produce treatment outcomes, which has created a need for portable LED devices. In this study, we aimed to develop a portable therapeutic LED device and investigate its healing effect on excisional wounds in a rat model. The 35 × 35 mm-sized LED device was used on a total of 30 rats with full-thickness wounds that were divided into two groups depending on radiation intensity (11.1 and 22.2 mW/cm2 group). LED irradiation was performed every 24 h for 30 min, over 14 days, in direct contact with the wound. Percentage wound closure was measured by photographic quantification and was assessed histologically using haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and Masson's Trichrome staining, and immunohistochemistry for Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and CD31. Percentage wound closure was significantly higher in 22.2 mW/cm2 irradiated wounds than that in the control wounds on days 7 and 10. The area of collagen deposition was remarkably larger in 22.2 mW/cm2 irradiated wounds than that in the control, with more horizontally organized fibres. CD31 immunostaining confirmed a significant increase in the number of microvessels in 22.2 mW/cm2 irradiated wounds than that in the control wounds, although there was no difference in VEGF immunostaining. Our novel portable LED device accelerates wound healing in a rat model, raising the possibility that portable LED devices can combine convenience with accessibility to play an innovative role in wound dressing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Han Gyu Cha
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon HospitalSoonchunhyang University College of MedicineBucheonSouth Korea
| | - Joon Hur
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Asan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea
| | - Changsik John Pak
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Asan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea
| | - Joon Pio Hong
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Asan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea
| | - Hyunsuk Peter Suh
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Asan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Galache TR, Sena MM, Tassinary JAF, Pavani C. Photobiomodulation for melasma treatment: Integrative review and state of the art. PHOTODERMATOLOGY, PHOTOIMMUNOLOGY & PHOTOMEDICINE 2024; 40:e12935. [PMID: 38018017 DOI: 10.1111/phpp.12935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Photobiomodulation therapy (PBM) is a versatile technique for treating skin diseases. Melasma, a chronic hyperpigmentation condition, has recently been associated with vascular features and dermal photoaging and poses significant management challenges. We review the recent literature on melasma etiology and the evidence supporting PBM as a therapeutic modality for melasma treatment. METHODS We conducted a comprehensive literature search in three different databases from May to August 2023, focusing on studies published in the past 10 years. The inclusion criteria comprised full-text studies investigating low-power lasers and/or light-emitting diodes (LEDs) in in vitro or in vivo models, as well as clinical trials. We excluded studies discussing alternative melasma therapies or lacking experimental data. We identified additional studies by searching the reference lists of the selected articles. RESULTS We identified nine relevant studies. Clinical studies, in agreement with in vitro experiments and animal models, suggest that PBM effectively reduces melasma-associated hyperpigmentation. Specific wavelengths (red: 630 nm; amber: 585 and 590 nm; infrared: 830 and 850 nm) at radiant exposures between 1 and 20 J/cm2 exert modulatory effects on tyrosinase activity, gene expression, and protein synthesis of melanocytic pathway components, and thus significantly reduce the melanin content. Additionally, PBM is effective in improving the dermal structure and reducing erythema and neovascularization, features recently identified as pathological components of melasma. CONCLUSION PBM emerges as a promising, contemporary, and non-invasive procedure for treating melasma. Beyond its role in inhibiting melanogenesis, PBM shows potential in reducing erythema and vascularization and improving dermal conditions. However, robust and well-designed clinical trials are needed to determine optimal light parameters and to evaluate the effects of PBM on melasma thoroughly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thais Rodrigues Galache
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Medicine, Universidade Nove de Julho, UNINOVE, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Michelle Mota Sena
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Medicine, Universidade Nove de Julho, UNINOVE, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Christiane Pavani
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Medicine, Universidade Nove de Julho, UNINOVE, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
He X, Jin S, Dai X, Chen L, Xiang L, Zhang C. The Emerging Role of Visible Light in Melanocyte Biology and Skin Pigmentary Disorders: Friend or Foe? J Clin Med 2023; 12:7488. [PMID: 38068540 PMCID: PMC10707362 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12237488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Electromagnetic radiation, notably visible light (VL), has complicated effects on human skin, particularly pigmentation, which have been largely overlooked. In this review, we discuss the photobiological mechanisms, pathological effects, clinical applications and therapeutic strategies of VL at varying wavelengths on melanocyte biology and skin pigmentary disorders. Different VL wavelengths may impose positive or negative effects, depending on their interactions with specific chromophores, photoaging, ROS production, circadian rhythm and other photon-mediated reactions. Further in vivo and in vitro studies are required to establish the pathologic mechanisms and application principles of VL in pigmentary disorders, as well as optimal photoprotection with coverage against VL wavelengths.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Leihong Xiang
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China; (X.H.); (S.J.); (X.D.); (L.C.)
| | - Chengfeng Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China; (X.H.); (S.J.); (X.D.); (L.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Grenier A, Morissette MC, Rochette PJ, Pouliot R. The combination of cigarette smoke and solar rays causes effects similar to skin aging in a bilayer skin model. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17969. [PMID: 37863977 PMCID: PMC10589246 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-44868-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Skin aging is a multifactorial process influenced by internal and external factors. The contribution of different environmental factors has been well established individually in the last few years. On the one hand, man is rarely exposed to a single factor, and on the other hand, there is very little knowledge about how these extrinsic factors may interact with each other or even how the skin may react to chronic exposure. This study aimed to evaluate the effect on skin aging of a chronic co-exposure of tissue-engineered skin substitutes to cigarette smoke extract (CSE) and solar simulator light (SSL). Skin substitutes were reconstructed according to the self-assembly method and then exposed to CSE followed by irradiation with SSL simultaneously transmitting UVA1, visible light and infrared. When skin substitutes were chronically exposed to CSE and SSL, a significant decrease in procollagen I synthesis and the inhibition of Smad2 phosphorylation of the TGF-β signaling pathway were observed. A 6.7-fold increase in MMP-1 activity was also observed when CSE was combined with SSL, resulting in a decrease in collagen III and collagen IV protein expression. The secretory profile resulting from the toxic synergy was investigated and several alterations were observed, notably an increase in the quantities of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The results also revealed the activation of the ERK1/2 (3.4-fold) and JNK (3.3-fold) pathways. Taken together, the results showed that a synergy between the two environmental factors could provoke premature skin aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexe Grenier
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, G1J 1Z4, Canada
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Mathieu C Morissette
- Québec Heart and Lung Institute-Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, G1V 4G5, Canada
- Département de Médecine, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Patrick J Rochette
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, G1J 1Z4, Canada
- Département d'Ophtalmologie et ORL-Chirurgie Cervico-Faciale, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Roxane Pouliot
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale de l'Université Laval/LOEX, Axe Médecine Régénératrice, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, G1J 1Z4, Canada.
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Liu Y, Yang J, Jiang B, Zheng G, Wang Y. Low-energy LED red light inhibits the NF-κB pathway and promotes hPDLSCs proliferation and osteogenesis in a TNF-α environment in vitro. Lasers Med Sci 2023; 38:240. [PMID: 37851127 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-023-03880-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
There are few studies on the effect of low-energy LED red light on periodontal tissue regeneration in an inflammatory environment. In this study, Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assays were used to detect the effects of TNF-α at three different concentrations (0, 10 ng/ml, and 20 ng/ml) on the proliferation of human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs), and 10 ng/ml was selected as the subsequent experimental stimulation concentration. CCK-8 assays were used to detect the effect of LED red light with energy density of 1 J/ cm2, 3 J/ cm2, and 5 J/cm2 on the proliferation of hPDLSCs. The promotion effect of energy density of 5 J/cm2 on the proliferation of hPDLSCS was the most obvious (p < 0.05). Set CON group, ODM group, ODM + 10 ng/ml TNF-α group, and ODM + 10 ng/ml TNF-α + 5 J/ cm2 LED red light group. Alkaline phosphatase staining and activity detection, alizarin red staining and calcium nodules quantitative detection of osteoblast differentiation products, real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR detection of osteoblast gene expression (Runx2, Col-I, OPN, OCN). The results showed that ODM showed the strongest osteoblast ability, followed by ODM + 10 ng/ml TNF-α + 5 J/ cm2 LED red light group. The osteoblast ability of ODM + 10 ng/ml TNF-α was decreased, but was not found in CON group. Western blot was used to detect the expression of NF-κB pathway protein and osteoblast-related proteins (Runx2, Col-I, OPN, OCN) after addition of PDTC inhibitor. The results showed that the expression of p-IκBα was increased and the expression of IκBα was decreased (p < 0.05). The expression of osteoblast protein increased after the addition of inhibitor (p < 0.05). Therefore, in an inflammatory environment constructed by 10 ng/ml TNF-α, 5 J/cm2 LED red light can upregulate the proliferation and osteogenesis of hPDLSCs by inhibiting NF-κB signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Liu
- Institute of Stomatology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
- The Third Hospital of Mianyang, Department of Stomatology, Mianyang, 621000, China
- Sichuan Mental Health Center, Mianyang, 621000, China
| | - Juan Yang
- Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, 646000, China
- Chenjiaqiao Hospital of Shapingba District Chongqing, Chongqing, 400000, China
| | - Bing Jiang
- Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, 646000, China
- Dazhou Hospital of Integrated TCM & Western Medicine Hospital, Dazhou, 635000, China
| | - Genzi Zheng
- Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, 646000, China
- The Third Hospital of Yibin, Department of Stomatology, Yibin, 644000, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Institute of Stomatology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China.
- Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, 646000, China.
- The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wang Z, Kwong CHT, Zhao H, Ding YF, Gao C, Zhang D, Cheng Q, Wei J, Zhang QW, Wang R. Microalgae Microneedle Supplies Oxygen for Antiphotoaging Treatment. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023; 6:3463-3471. [PMID: 37161309 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
UV exposure often triggers photoaging of the skin. Pharmacological treatment suffers from severe side effects as well as poor efficacy because of insufficient skin penetration. Dissolved oxygen has been previously shown to reverse photoaged skin; however, the treatment is often limited by the availability of equipment (e.g., high-pressure oxygen). Poor oxygen diffusion into the skin has also limited its therapeutic efficacy. Herein, we developed a microneedle patch to deliver living microalgae to the deeper layers of the skin for efficient oxygenation and reversal of photoaging. The continuous release of oxygen from microalgae in the skin through photosynthesis reversed the inflammatory microenvironment and reduced reactive oxygen species levels in the photodamaged skin, leading to collagen regeneration and reduced wrinkles. This study provides not only a means for highly efficient skin oxygenation and reversal of photoaging but also an important theoretical basis for the clinical treatment of photoaging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zeyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR 999078, China
| | - Cheryl H T Kwong
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR 999078, China
| | - Huichao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR 999078, China
| | - Yuan-Fu Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR 999078, China
| | - Cheng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR 999078, China
| | - Daiyan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR 999078, China
| | - Qian Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR 999078, China
| | - Jianwen Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR 999078, China
- Macau Society of Supramolecular Chemistry and Biomaterials, Macao SAR 999078, China
| | - Qing-Wen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR 999078, China
| | - Ruibing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR 999078, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Piccolo D, Crisman G, Dianzani C, Zalaudek I, Fusco I, Conforti C. New 675 nm Laser Device: The Innovative and Effective Non-Ablative Resurfacing Technique. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:1245. [PMID: 37512057 PMCID: PMC10386306 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59071245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Photo/chrono-aging is usually expressed as facial discolouration, wrinkles, redness, elastosis, laxity, and dehydration, thus representing major signs of ageing that often lead to a negative phycological impact on a patient's quality of life. Several types of treatment have been tested during the last decade, especially laser treatments. This article aims to share our experience in the treatment of photoaging with a new 675 nm laser source system on facial chrono-ageing. Materials and Methods: Thirty-five (35) patients were treated with the 675 nm laser device: 32 females (mean age 49 years) and 3 men (mean age 57 years), with Fitzpatrick skin types I-III (9% type I, 43% type II, 48% type III), facial wrinkles and hyperpigmented spots. The efficacy of this treatment was assessed using the Modified Fitzpatrick Wrinkles Scale (FWS), which was calculated before starting the treatment and after 6 months. The pain was evaluated using the VAS Pain Scale. Results: All 35 patients showed a significant improvement in facial wrinkles according to the FWS (from 1.96 to 1.73 at the 3-month follow-up, up to a value of 1.43 at 6 months). In a small group of patients, it was observed that 44% of them showed vascular moderate improvement and that 13% showed a vascular marked improvement after treatment. No side effects were detected except a mild erythematous rash in two patients, and the VAS Pain scale was assessed at 1.17. Conclusions: Red Touch allows a uniform and stable result to be achieved over time with minimum discomfort.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Caterina Dianzani
- Plastic Surgery Unit, Section of Dermatology, Campus Biomedico University, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Iris Zalaudek
- Dermatology Clinic, University of Trieste, 34126 Trieste, Italy
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Magni G, Pieri L, Fusco I, Madeddu F, Zingoni T, Rossi F. Laser emission at 675 nm: In vitro study evidence of a promising role in skin rejuvenation. Regen Ther 2023; 22:176-180. [PMID: 36819611 PMCID: PMC9930151 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2023.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Light-based therapies have been proven to influence and perhaps reverse skin ageing at clinical, molecular and histologic levels. Laser technology decreases photodamage by promoting collagen type I and III synthesis and enhancing the expression of heat shock protein. Aims: This study aims to assess different doses of 675 nm irradiation on human dermal fibroblast cells to evaluate the potential therapeutic effects on the rejuvenation process. Methods: This study employed a laser system that emits 675 nm wavelength: 260, 390, 520 and 650 J/cm2 doses were tested on adult human dermal fibroblast cells. Cellular viability, proliferation, and synthesis of type I and III collagen were studied. Results: No dose tested showed effects on cell viability and proliferation at 24 and 48 h from the irradiation. Doses of 260 and 520 J/cm2 causes a significant decrease in type I collagen fluorescence intensity, while 390 J/cm2 elicits a significant increase in type III collagen expression. Conclusions: Our results showed that 675 nm laser irradiation does not affect cell viability while modulating cell proliferation and collagen synthesis in human adult cultured fibroblasts in vitro. These findings suggest that 675 nm laser irradiation potentially plays a role in skin rejuvenation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giada Magni
- Istituto di Fisica Applicata "Nello Carrara", Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR - IFAC), Via Madonna del Piano, 10, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, 50019, Italy,Corresponding author. Istituto di Fisica Applicata "Nello Carrara", Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR - IFAC), Via Madonna del Piano, 10, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, 50019, Italy.
| | - Laura Pieri
- El.En. Group, Via Baldanzese, 17, 50041, Calenzano, Italy
| | - Irene Fusco
- El.En. Group, Via Baldanzese, 17, 50041, Calenzano, Italy
| | | | | | - Francesca Rossi
- Istituto di Fisica Applicata "Nello Carrara", Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR - IFAC), Via Madonna del Piano, 10, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, 50019, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Bragato EF, Pires JA, Momolli M, Guerra MB, Paisano AF, Ferrari RAM, Bussadori SK, Motta LJ, Fernandes KPS. Comparison of the effects of 2 frequencies of application of photobiomodulation on facial rejuvenation: Controlled, randomized, and double-blind clinical trial. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e32514. [PMID: 36749255 PMCID: PMC9902007 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000032514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Skin aging is an irreversible, slow and progressive process, mainly influenced by age, but also by external factors such as ultraviolet radiation, smoking, and alcohol, among others. It is increasingly common to look for procedures that slow down skin aging by limiting or hiding its effects on appearance. Studies have shown the benefits of photobiomodulation (PBM) for the skin, especially with the use of red light-emitting diodes. However, there is a high level of variability in the treatment parameters and frequency of application. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The objective of this study is to compare the effects of PBM with a light-emitting diode mask (660 nm, 6.4 mW/ cm², 8,02 J/ cm², 5.02 mW, 21 minutes) on facial rejuvenation using 2 frequency applications for 4 weeks: one group will receive PBM application on the face, twice a week and another group will receive PBM application 3 times a week. A group with simulated PBM applied twice a week for 4 weeks will be used as a control. The treatment will be performed on female participants aged between 45 and 60 years. After 4 weeks, evaluations of photographic images by specialists (Wrinkle Assessment Scale) as well as the quantitative analysis of the wrinkle size by the Image J software, the depth and width of wrinkles (assessment of face impressions by optical coherence tomography) and the level of Satisfaction with Facial Appearance Overall will be compared with data collected before the start of the study. All data will be analyzed statistically according to their distribution, seeking a level of statistical significance of 0.05. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This protocol was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Nove de Julho University (acceptance number: 4.365.565). This trial has been registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (ID: NCT04911140). This study is recruiting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erick Frank Bragato
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, Brazil
- * Correspondence: Erick Frank Bragato, Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo 01321001, Brazil (e-mail: )
| | - Jefferson André Pires
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcos Momolli
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marina Bertoni Guerra
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adriana Fernandes Paisano
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Raquel Agnelli Mesquita Ferrari
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sandra Kalil Bussadori
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lara Jansiski Motta
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Mota LR, Duarte IDS, Galache TR, Pretti KMDS, Neto OC, Motta LJ, Horliana ACRT, Silva DDFTD, Pavani C. Photobiomodulation Reduces Periocular Wrinkle Volume by 30%: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg 2023; 41:48-56. [PMID: 36780572 DOI: 10.1089/photob.2022.0114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate red and amber light-emitting diode protocols for facial rejuvenation at the same light dose. Background: The demand for minimally invasive cosmetic procedures to address skin aging has grown throughout the world. In vitro red and amber photobiomodulation (PBM) has been shown to improve collagen synthesis. Meanwhile, red PBM has already been studied in clinical trials; however, a comparison of the use of different wavelengths at the same light dose to reduce periocular wrinkles has not yet been performed. Methods: This split-face, randomized clinical trial recruited 137 women (40-65 years old) presenting with skin phototypes II-IV and Glogau photoaging scale types II-IV. The individuals received 10 sessions for 4 weeks of red (660 nm) and amber (590 nm) PBM (3.8 J/cm2), one at each side of the face. The outcomes, measured before and after the treatments, were the periocular wrinkle volume measured by VisioFace® RD equipment; hydration measured by the Corneometer CM 825; skin elasticity measured by the Cutometer Dual MPA 580; and quality of life determined by adapted versions of validated questionnaires [Melasma Quality of Life Scale-Brazilian Portuguese (MelasQoL-BP) and Skindex-29]. Results: There was a significant reduction in wrinkle volume after red (31.6%) and amber (29.9%) PBM. None of the treatments improved skin hydration and viscoelasticity. Both questionnaires showed improvements in participants' quality of life. Conclusions: PBM, both at red and amber wavelengths, is an effective tool for rejuvenation, producing a 30% wrinkle volume reduction. The technique has strong potential in patients with diabetes or those presenting with keloids, conditions for which highly inflammatory rejuvenating procedures are not indicated. Clinical trial registration number: REBEC-6YFCBM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lidiane Rocha Mota
- Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Postgraduate Program, Universidade Nove de Julho-UNINOVE, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Thais Rodrigues Galache
- Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Postgraduate Program, Universidade Nove de Julho-UNINOVE, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Katia Maria Dos Santos Pretti
- Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Postgraduate Program, Universidade Nove de Julho-UNINOVE, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Lara Jansiski Motta
- Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Postgraduate Program, Universidade Nove de Julho-UNINOVE, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Christiane Pavani
- Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Postgraduate Program, Universidade Nove de Julho-UNINOVE, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
García PN, Andrino RL. Feasibility and Safety of Using Combined Light-Emitting Diodes Versus Intense Pulsed Light Technology for the Improvement of Facial Hypervascularization in Adult Patients. Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg 2023; 41:64-72. [PMID: 36780573 DOI: 10.1089/photob.2022.0079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Superficial facial vascular lesions can be an aesthetic problem and a symptom of different skin diseases. Objective: It was to compare the efficacy and safety profiles of Dermalux® Tri-Wave MD, based on three combined light-emitting diodes (LEDs) technology and intense pulsed light (IPL) for reducing the excess of facial vascularization due to superficial cutaneous vascular lesions. Materials and methods: The study had a single-center, proof-of-concept, open-label, and prospective design. Two groups of adult patients were treated for facial hypervascularization, LED-Group with an LED device combining 633 and 830 nm and IPL-Group with an IPL (555-950 and 530-750 nm). Variables assessed were hemoglobin hyperconcentration (HH), hemoglobin-affected area (HAA) through Antera 3D®, and pain using the Numeric Pain Rating Scale. Results: Twenty subjects were included, 10 by group (50% female). LED-Group: Mean age 32.1 years (range, 21-46). IPL-Group: Mean age 34.5 years (range, 25-49). HH: LED-Group 100% had a moderate improvement; in the IPL-Group, 10% was moderate, and 90% was marked. HAA: LED-Group 10% had a slight improvement, 70% moderate, and 20% marked; in the IPL-Group, 100%, the improvement was marked. Seventy percent of LED-Group patients reported no pain, 30% mild; in the IPL-Group, 100% of patients reported severe pain. Conclusions: Treatment with combined red and near-infrared LEDs effectively reduced the excess of facial vascularization with moderate outcomes compared with IPL, but without secondary effects and no pain. This treatment could represent an effective, safe, and well-tolerated approach for facial vascular lesions.
Collapse
|
18
|
Borgia A, Raimondi R, Fossati G, De Rosa FP, Romano V, Borroni D, Vigo L, Scorcia V, Giannaccare G. Device-based therapies as a boost of conventional treatment in dry eye disease. EXPERT REVIEW OF OPHTHALMOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/17469899.2022.2147928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Borgia
- Eye Unit, Humanitas-Gradenigo Hospital, Turin, Italy
- Department of Corneal Diseases, St. Paul’s Eye Unit, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Raffaele Raimondi
- Humanitas University, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Fossati
- Humanitas University, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Vito Romano
- Eye Clinic, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Davide Borroni
- Department of Doctoral Studies, Riga Stradins University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia
| | - Luca Vigo
- Carones Ophthalmology Center, Milan, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Scorcia
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Magna Græcia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Giannaccare
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Magna Græcia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Sutterby E, Chheang C, Thurgood P, Khoshmanesh K, Baratchi S, Pirogova E. Investigating the effects of low intensity visible light on human keratinocytes using a customized LED exposure system. Sci Rep 2022; 12:18907. [PMID: 36344673 PMCID: PMC9640685 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23751-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Photobiomodulation (PBM) refers to the use of light to modulate cellular processes, and has demonstrated utility in improving wound healing outcomes, and reducing pain and inflammation. Despite the potential benefits of PBM, the precise molecular mechanisms through which it influences cell behavior are not yet well understood. Inconsistent reporting of key light parameters has created uncertainty around optimal exposure profiles. In addition, very low intensities of light, < 0.1 J/cm2, have not been thoroughly examined for their use in PBM. Here, we present a custom-made compact, and modular LED-based exposure system for studying the effects of very low-intensity visible light (cell proliferation, migration, ROS production, and mitochondrial membrane potential) of three different wavelengths in a parallel manner. The device allows for six repeats of three different exposure conditions plus a non-irradiated control on a single 24-well plate. The immortalised human keratinocyte cell line, HaCaT, was selected as a major cellular component of the skin epidermal barrier. Furthermore, an in vitro wound model was developed by allowing the HaCaT to form a confluent monolayer, then scratching the cells with a pipette tip to form a wound. Cells were exposed to yellow (585 nm, 0.09 mW, ~ 3.7 mJ/cm2), orange (610 nm, 0.8 mW, ~ 31 mJ/cm2), and red (660 nm, 0.8 mW, ~ 31 mJ/cm2) light for 10 min. 48 h post-irradiation, immunohistochemistry was performed to evaluate cell viability, proliferation, ROS production, and mitochondrial membrane potential. The results demonstrate increased proliferation and decreased scratch area for all exposure conditions, however only red light increased the mitochondrial activity. Oxidative stress levels did not increase for any of the exposures. The present exposure system provides opportunities to better understand the complex cellular mechanisms driven by the irradiation of skin cells with visible light.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily Sutterby
- grid.1017.70000 0001 2163 3550School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Chanly Chheang
- grid.1017.70000 0001 2163 3550School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC Australia
| | - Peter Thurgood
- grid.1017.70000 0001 2163 3550School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Khashayar Khoshmanesh
- grid.1017.70000 0001 2163 3550School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Sara Baratchi
- grid.1017.70000 0001 2163 3550School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC Australia
| | - Elena Pirogova
- grid.1017.70000 0001 2163 3550School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Kim JS, Lim STS. LED Light-Induced ROS Differentially Regulates Focal Adhesion Kinase Activity in HaCaT Cell Viability. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:1235-1246. [PMID: 35723305 PMCID: PMC8947587 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44030082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, changes in cell signaling mechanisms in skin cells induced by various wavelengths and intensities of light-emitting diodes (LED) were investigated, focusing on the activity of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) in particular. We examined the effect of LED irradiation on cell survival, the generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the activity of various cell-signaling proteins. Red LED light increased cell viability at all intensities, whereas strong green and blue LED light reduced cell viability, and this effect was reversed by NAC or DPI treatment. Red LED light caused an increase in ROS formation according to the increase in the intensity of the LED light, and green and blue LED lights led to sharp increases in ROS formation. In the initial reaction to LEDs, red LED light only increased the phosphorylation of FAK and extracellular-signal regulated protein kinase (ERK), whereas green and blue LED lights increased the phosphorylation of inhibitory-κB Kinase α (IKKα), c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and p38. The phosphorylation of these intracellular proteins was reduced via FAK inhibitor, NAC, and DPI treatments. Even after 24 h of LED irradiation, the activity of FAK and ERK appeared in cells treated with red LED light but did not appear in cells treated with green and blue LED lights. Furthermore, the activity of caspase-3 was confirmed along with cell detachment. Therefore, our results suggest that red LED light induced mitogenic effects via low levels of ROS–FAK–ERK, while green and blue LED lights induced cytotoxic effects via cellular stress and apoptosis signaling resulting from high levels of ROS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Sub Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Korea National University of Transportation, Jeungpyeong 27909, Chungbuk, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.-S.K.); (S.-T.S.L.)
| | - Ssang-Taek Steve Lim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688, USA
- Correspondence: (J.-S.K.); (S.-T.S.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Lietz-Kijak D, Ardan R. Physiotherapeutic Reduction of Orofacial Pain Using Extremely Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Field and Light-Emitting Diode Therapy-A Pilot Study. Pain Res Manag 2022; 2022:3115154. [PMID: 35178136 PMCID: PMC8847020 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3115154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pain is a natural response of the body to injury and one of the symptoms defining an inflammatory reaction. It is almost always present after orthognathic surgeries (OGS), but its severity is subjective in each patient. Postoperative care of the patient is aimed at minimizing of postoperative pain relief orofacial region. Options of physiotherapy include extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field (ELF EMF) and high-energy light-emitting diode (LED). Aim of the Study. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of physiotherapy combining ELF EMF and LED to reduce pain of the orofacial region in patients after OGS. Material and Methods. The study was conducted in thirty-two patients who underwent OGS to treat morphological defects. The participants were randomly divided into two groups: Physiotherapy group (PT) and Control group (CG). In both groups, patients were prescribed Paracetamol and nonsteroidal analgesics (NSAID-ibuprofen). Patients from the PT group additionally received postoperative physiotherapy immediately after leaving the surgical clinic in the form of ELF EMF and LED therapy. Physiotherapeutic treatments were performed for 10 days, three applications a day, at no cost to the patient. Pain intensity was assessed using the visual analogue scale (VAS), which is a reliable instrument for the measurement of pain intensity self-reported by the patient. RESULTS Faster reduction of pain was the major observation made in patients who received physiotherapy treatments. In all subjects, after 5 days of therapy, the pain intensity was reduced by about 50% or resolved completely. Effects of therapy were measured with the relative changes in the pain intensity score, showing what fraction of the initial pain was eliminated at the first stage and throughout the whole therapy. The analysis of relative changes instead of absolute changes allowed us, among other things, to eliminate the bias of the higher initial pain intensity in the CG group compared to the PT group. CONCLUSIONS The conducted research revealed that the combined use of ELF EMF and LED is beneficial in the reduction of pain of patients after OGS. The analgesic effects of physiotherapy in the treatment after OGS are necessary to continue research in this area and analyze the possibility of extending the indications for its use in other surgically treated maxillofacial diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danuta Lietz-Kijak
- Department of Propaedeutic Physical Diagnostics and Dental Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Roman Ardan
- Department of Econometrics, Faculty of Economic Sciences, Koszalin University of Technology, Koszalin, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
DiNatale L, Idkowiak-Baldys J, Zhuang Y, Gonzalez A, Stephens TJ, Jiang LI, Li W, Basson R, Bayat A. Novel Rotational Combination Regimen of Skin Topicals Improves Facial Photoaging: Efficacy Demonstrated in Double-Blinded Clinical Trials and Laboratory Validation. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:724344. [PMID: 34604259 PMCID: PMC8484331 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.724344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Topical antiaging products are often a first-line intervention to counter visible signs of facial photoaging, aiming for sustained cosmetic improvement. However, prolonged application of a single active topical compound was observed clinically to lead to a plateau effect in improving facial photoaging. In view of this, we set out to reduce this effect systematically using a multi-tiered approach with laboratory evidence and clinical trials. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effects of active topical ingredients applied either alone, in combination, or in a rotational manner on modulation of facial photoaging. The study methodology included in vitro, organotypic, and ex vivo skin explants; in vivo biopsy study; as well as clinical trials. We demonstrate for the first time that a pair of known antiaging ingredients applied rotationally, on human dermal fibroblasts, maximized pro-collagen I production. Indeed, rotational treatment with retinol and phytol/glycolic acid (PGA) resulted in better efficacy than application of each active ingredient alone as shown by explants and in vivo biopsy study, with penetration of active ingredients confirmed by Raman spectroscopy. Furthermore, two split-face, randomized, double-blinded clinical trials were conducted, one for 12 months to compare treated vs. untreated and the other for 6 months followed by a 2-month regression to compare treated vs. commercially marketed products. In both studies, rotational regimen showed superior results to its matching comparison as assessed by clinical grading and image analysis of crow's feet wrinkles. In conclusion, rotational regimen using retinol and PGA is effective in treating facial photoaging signs with long-lasting benefits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa DiNatale
- Global Innovation Center, Avon Products Inc., Avon Skin Care Institute, Suffern, NY, United States
| | - Jolanta Idkowiak-Baldys
- Global Innovation Center, Avon Products Inc., Avon Skin Care Institute, Suffern, NY, United States
| | - Young Zhuang
- Global Innovation Center, Avon Products Inc., Avon Skin Care Institute, Suffern, NY, United States
| | - Anthony Gonzalez
- Global Innovation Center, Avon Products Inc., Avon Skin Care Institute, Suffern, NY, United States
| | - Thomas J Stephens
- Thomas J. Stephens & Associates, Inc., Richardson, TX, United States
| | - Lily I Jiang
- Thomas J. Stephens & Associates, Inc., Richardson, TX, United States
| | - Weiping Li
- Centre for Dermatology Research, National Institute for Health Research Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Stopford Building, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Rubinder Basson
- Centre for Dermatology Research, National Institute for Health Research Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Stopford Building, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Ardeshir Bayat
- Centre for Dermatology Research, National Institute for Health Research Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Stopford Building, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Medical Research Council of South Africa Wound Healing Unit, Hair and Skin Research Laboratory, Division of Dermatology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Goo H, Mo S, Park HJ, Lee MY, Ahn JC. Treatment with LEDs at a wavelength of 642 nm enhances skin tumor proliferation in a mouse model. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 12:5583-5596. [PMID: 34692202 PMCID: PMC8515971 DOI: 10.1364/boe.427205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Photobiomodulation (PBM) is attracting increased attention in the fields of dermatology and cosmetics. PBM with a variety of light parameters has been used widely in skin care, but can cause certain types of unwanted cells to proliferate in the skin; this can lead to skin tumors, such as papillomas and cancers. We constructed a mouse model of human skin tumors using DMBA as an initiator and TPA as a promoter, and confirmed that LEDs with a wavelength of 642 nm (red light) increased tumor size, epidermal thickness, and systemic proinflammatory cytokine levels. These results indicated that skin tumor cell proliferation may result from the use of 642 nm LEDs, suggesting the need for regulation of skin care based on LED light therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyeyoon Goo
- Department of Medical Laser, Graduate School of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Medical Laser Research Center, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - SangJoon Mo
- Medical Laser Research Center, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeong Ju Park
- Medical Laser Research Center, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Young Lee
- Medical Laser Research Center, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Beckman Laser Institute Korea, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Contributed equally
| | - Jin-Chul Ahn
- Department of Medical Laser, Graduate School of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Medical Laser Research Center, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Beckman Laser Institute Korea, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Contributed equally
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Sun Q, Kim OS, He Y, Lim W, Ma G, Kim B, Kim Y, Kim O. Role of E2F1/ SPHK1 and HSP27 During Irradiation in a PMA-Induced Inflammatory Model. PHOTOBIOMODULATION PHOTOMEDICINE AND LASER SURGERY 2021; 38:512-520. [PMID: 32780686 DOI: 10.1089/photob.2019.4801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Background: Sphingosine kinase 1 (SPHK1) and heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) are important for antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects after red light irradiation in an inflammatory model. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate whether SPHK1 and HSP27 work independently or are dependent on some other regulator after 625 nm light-emitting diode irradiation in the human keratinocyte (HaCaT) cell line. Methods: Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between groups with or without 625 nm photobiomodulation (PBM) in the inflammatory model. Potential transcription factors (TFs) of key DEGs were predicted using the iRegulon plugin. The mechanism was investigated by analyzing mRNA and protein expression levels, prostaglandin E2 levels, and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) in phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-induced HaCaT cells after 625 nm PBM. Results: A total of 6 TFs (e.g., E2F1) and 51 key DEGs (e.g., SPHK1) were identified after 625 nm PBM in PMA-stimulated HaCaT cells. E2F1 worked as a regulator of SPHK1; however, it did not affect HSP27. E2F1 knockdown drastically decreased the SPHK1 expression level and increased the intracellular ROS, as well as the expression levels of inflammation-related proteins in PMA-induced HaCaT cells. In addition, the inhibition of HSP27 decreased the anti-inflammatory effect of 625 nm PBM. Conclusions: E2F1 worked as a TF of SPHK1 and exhibited anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects through SPHK1 in PMA-induced HaCaT cells after 625 nm PBM. HSP27 is essential for the 625 nm PBM-induced anti-inflammatory function. Therefore, E2F1/SPHK1 and HSP27 could be used as potential biomarkers for anti-inflammatory therapy with 625 nm PBM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiaochu Sun
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Ok-Su Kim
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Yuzhu He
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Wonbong Lim
- Department of Premedical Science, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Guowu Ma
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Byunggook Kim
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Young Kim
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Okjoon Kim
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Li WH, Seo I, Kim B, Fassih A, Southall MD, Parsa R. Low-level red plus near infrared lights combination induces expressions of collagen and elastin in human skin in vitro. Int J Cosmet Sci 2021; 43:311-320. [PMID: 33594706 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Light therapy has attracted medical interests as a safe, alternative treatment for photo-ageing and photo-damaged skin. Recent research suggested the therapeutic activity of red and infrared (IR) lights may be effective at much lower energy levels than those used clinically. This study was to evaluate the efficacy of low-level red plus near IR light emitting diode (LED) combination on collagen and elastin and ATP production. METHODS Human dermal fibroblasts or skin tissues were irradiated daily by red (640 nm) plus near IR (830 nm) LED lights combination at 0.5 mW/cm2 for 10 minutes (0.3 J/cm2 ). qPCR, ELISAs or histology were used to determine the gene and protein expressions. Fluorescent measurement was used to assess crosslinks of collagen and elastic fibres. ATP production was evaluated by ATP assay. RESULTS Treatment of human fibroblast cell cultures with low-level red plus near IR lights combination was found to significantly increase LOXL1, ELN and COL1A1 and COL3A1 gene expressions as well as the synthesis of the procollagen type I and elastin proteins. Treating human skin explants with low-level red plus near IR lights combination similarly induced significant increases in the same gene expressions, type III collagen and elastic fibre formation and crosslinks. ATP production was increased in human dermal fibroblasts after red plus near IR lights combination treatment. CONCLUSION Low-level red plus near IR lights combination stimulated the production of collagen and elastin production associated with anti-ageing benefits. These findings suggest that low-level red plus near IR LED light combination may provide an effective treatment opportunity for people with photo-aged skin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Hwa Li
- The Johnson & Johnson Skin Research Center, Johnson & Johnson Consumer Inc., Skillman, NJ, USA
| | - InSeok Seo
- The Johnson & Johnson Skin Research Center, Johnson & Johnson Consumer Inc., Skillman, NJ, USA
| | - Brian Kim
- The Johnson & Johnson Skin Research Center, Johnson & Johnson Consumer Inc., Skillman, NJ, USA
| | - Ali Fassih
- The Johnson & Johnson Skin Research Center, Johnson & Johnson Consumer Inc., Skillman, NJ, USA
| | - Michael D Southall
- The Johnson & Johnson Skin Research Center, Johnson & Johnson Consumer Inc., Skillman, NJ, USA
| | - Ramine Parsa
- The Johnson & Johnson Skin Research Center, Johnson & Johnson Consumer Inc., Skillman, NJ, USA
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Jornsamer C, Theerawattanawit C, Wichayachakorn C, Panchaprateep R, Kerr SJ, Asawanonda P, Rerknimitr P. Red light emitting diode as an adjuvant treatment for epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors-induced paronychia. J DERMATOL TREAT 2021; 33:1990-1994. [PMID: 33961534 DOI: 10.1080/09546634.2021.1927950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated the efficacy and safety of red light LED as an adjuvant treatment for epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor-induced paronychia. Eight patients were recruited in this randomized, single-blinded controlled trial. They were randomized to receive red-light on one hand or foot 2-3 times/week for 6 weeks while the contralateral side served as controls. The standard treatments were continued. Erythema and lesion elevation observed by Anthera® 3D, severity and pain scores were obtained at weeks 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8. The red light group showed significantly lower erythema, severity, and pain scores at weeks 4, 6, and 8. The elevation was significantly lower in the red light group at every follow-up visit. No adverse events occurred. Red light therapy may be an option as adjunctive treatment for EGFRi-induced paronychia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chanoknan Jornsamer
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Division of Dermatology, Skin and Allergy Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chinathip Theerawattanawit
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Division of Dermatology, Skin and Allergy Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chanitwan Wichayachakorn
- Department of Medicine, Division of Dermatology, Nail Clinic, Sclerotherapy Clinic, Dermatologic Surgery Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Ratchathorn Panchaprateep
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Division of Dermatology, Skin and Allergy Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Stephen J Kerr
- Center for Excellence in Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pravit Asawanonda
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Division of Dermatology, Skin and Allergy Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pawinee Rerknimitr
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Division of Dermatology, Skin and Allergy Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
De Cordova JA. Role of Photo-Biomodulation Therapy in Facial Rejuvenation and Facial Plastic Surgery. Facial Plast Surg 2021; 37:267-273. [PMID: 33588472 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1722980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Photo-biomodulation (PBM) also known as low-level laser therapy is a rising technology with multiple potential uses in medicine and recently in the cosmetic field for the treatment of skin conditions and skin rejuvenation. Due to its wound healing and anti-inflammatory properties, there is an increase in popularity in its use as adjunctive treatment before and after surgical procedures in the face and neck.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jose A De Cordova
- Department of ENT, Head and Neck Surgery, Jersey General Hospital, Jersey, United Kingdom.,VIDA Health & Aesthetics, Jersey, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Tartaglione MF, Eléxpuru Zabaleta M, Lazzarini R, Piva F, Busilacchi EM, Poloni A, Ledda C, Rapisarda V, Santarelli L, Bracci M. Apoptotic mechanism activated by blue light and cisplatinum in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma cells. Int J Mol Med 2021; 47:48. [PMID: 33576463 PMCID: PMC7891828 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2021.4881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
New approaches are being studied for the treatment of skin cancer. It has been reported that light combined with cisplatinum may be effective against skin cancer. In the present study, the effects of specific light radiations and cisplatinum on A431 cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) and HaCaT non-tumorigenic cell lines were investigated. Both cell lines were exposed to blue and red light sources for 3 days prior to cisplatinum treatment. Viability, apoptosis, cell cycle progression and apoptotic-related protein expression levels were investigated. The present results highlighted that combined treatment with blue light and cisplatinum was more effective in reducing cell viability compared with single treatments. Specifically, an increase in the apoptotic rate was observed when the cells were treated with blue light and cisplatinum, as compared to treatment with blue light or cisplatinum alone. Combined treatment with blue light and cisplatinum also caused cell cycle arrest at the S phase. Treatment with cisplatinum following light exposure induced the expression of apoptotic proteins in the A431 and HaCaT cell lines, which tended to follow different apoptotic mechanisms. On the whole, these data indicate that blue light combined with cisplatinum may be a promising treatment for cSCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Fiorella Tartaglione
- Section of Occupational Medicine, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, I-60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - María Eléxpuru Zabaleta
- Section of Occupational Medicine, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, I-60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Raffaella Lazzarini
- Section of Occupational Medicine, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, I-60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Francesco Piva
- Department of Specialistic Clinical and Odontostomatological Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, I-60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Elena Marinelli Busilacchi
- Section of Hematology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Science, Polytechnic University of Marche, I-60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Antonella Poloni
- Section of Hematology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Science, Polytechnic University of Marche, I-60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Caterina Ledda
- Section of Occupational Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, I-95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Venerando Rapisarda
- Section of Occupational Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, I-95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Lory Santarelli
- Section of Occupational Medicine, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, I-60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Massimo Bracci
- Section of Occupational Medicine, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, I-60126 Ancona, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Guermonprez C, Declercq L, Decaux G, Grimaud JA. Safety and efficacy of a novel home-use device for light-potentiated (LED) skin treatment. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2020; 13:e202000230. [PMID: 32949447 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202000230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Skin structure and function results from a dynamic interplay between dermal and epidermal cell types. Optimizing skin health through an effective and long-lasting skin care regime therefore requires a global approach, encompassing various mechanisms to stimulate this interplay beyond the action scope of a classical topical solution. This study evaluates the impact of a novel home-use device combining a topical serum, light-emitting diodes and massage on the clinical signs of extrinsic skin aging. The innovative principle relies on potentiating the effect of active ingredients contained in the topical serum with visible and near infra-red photons to prevent extracellular matrix degradation and promote its reconstruction. After in vitro and ex vivo investigations, a clinical study assessed the safety and efficacy of a daily treatment with the home-use device for 28 days. A significant increases in skin density and radiance while reducing the wrinkles was obtained with no side effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jean-Alexis Grimaud
- LightInDerm R&D, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
- Matriscience, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Shin DW. Various biological effects of solar radiation on skin and their mechanisms: implications for phototherapy. Anim Cells Syst (Seoul) 2020; 24:181-188. [PMID: 33029294 PMCID: PMC7473273 DOI: 10.1080/19768354.2020.1808528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The skin protects our body from various external factors, such as chemical and physical stimuli, microorganisms, and sunlight. Sunlight is a representative environmental factor that considerably influences the physiological activity of our bodies. The molecular mechanisms and detrimental effects of ultraviolet rays (UVR) on skin have been thoroughly investigated. Chronic exposure to UVR generally causes skin damage and eventually induces wrinkle formation and reduced elasticity of the skin. Several studies have shown that infrared rays (IR) also lead to the breakdown of collagen fibers in the skin. However, several reports have demonstrated that the appropriate use of UVR or IR can have beneficial effects on skin-related diseases. Additionally, it has been revealed that visible light of different wavelengths has various biological effects on the skin. Interestingly, several recent studies have reported that photoreceptors are also expressed in the skin, similar to those in the eyes. Based on these data, I discuss the various physiological effects of sunlight on the skin and provide insights on the use of phototherapy, which uses a specific wavelength of sunlight as a non-invasive method, to improve skin-related disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wook Shin
- College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Kang MH, Yu HY, Kim GT, Lim JE, Jang S, Park TS, Park JK. Near-infrared-emitting nanoparticles activate collagen synthesis via TGFβ signaling. Sci Rep 2020; 10:13309. [PMID: 32764617 PMCID: PMC7410846 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70415-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Research efforts towards developing near-infrared (NIR) therapeutics to activate the proliferation of human keratinocytes and collagen synthesis in the skin microenvironment have been minimal, and the subject has not been fully explored. Herein, we describe the novel synthesis Ag2S nanoparticles (NPs) by using a sonochemical method and reveal the effects of NIR irradiation on the enhancement of the production of collagen through NIR-emitting Ag2S NPs. We also synthesized Li-doped Ag2S NPs that exhibited significantly increased emission intensity because of their enhanced absorption ability in the UV-NIR region. Both Ag2S and Li-doped Ag2S NPs activated the proliferation of HaCaT (human keratinocyte) and HDF (human dermal fibroblast) cells with no effect on cell morphology. While Ag2S NPs upregulated TIMP1 by only twofold in HaCaT cells and TGF-β1 by only fourfold in HDF cells, Li-doped Ag2S NPs upregulated TGF-β1 by tenfold, TIMP1 by 26-fold, and COL1A1 by 18-fold in HaCaT cells and upregulated TGF-β1 by fivefold and COL1A1 by fourfold in HDF cells. Furthermore, Ag2S NPs activated TGF-β1 signaling by increasing the phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3. The degree of activation was notably higher in cells treated with Li-doped Ag2S NPs, mainly caused by the higher PL intensity from Li-doped Ag2S NPs. Ag2S NPs NIR activates cell proliferation and collagen synthesis in skin keratinocytes and HDF cells, which can be applied to clinical light therapy and the development of anti-wrinkle agents for cosmetics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Myung Hyun Kang
- Energy Materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Taejon, 34114, Korea
| | - Han Young Yu
- Department of Life Sciences, Gachon University, Sungnam, 1342, Korea
| | - Goon-Tae Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Gachon University, Sungnam, 1342, Korea
| | - Ji Eun Lim
- Energy Materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Taejon, 34114, Korea
| | - Seunghun Jang
- Center for Molecular Modeling and Simulation, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Taejon, 34114, Korea
| | - Tae-Sik Park
- Department of Life Sciences, Gachon University, Sungnam, 1342, Korea.
| | - Joung Kyu Park
- Energy Materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Taejon, 34114, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Kim DS, Song KU, Lee HK, Park JH, Kim BJ, Yoo KH, Shin JH. Synergistic effects of using novel home-use 660- and 850-nm light-emitting diode mask in combination with hyaluronic acid ampoule on photoaged Asian skin: A prospective, controlled study. J Cosmet Dermatol 2020; 19:2606-2615. [PMID: 32716115 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.13599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, light-emitting diode (LED) devices are among those mostly preferred for esthetic application because they improve the appearance of photoaged skin characterized by wrinkles, sagginess, pigmented lesions, and others. In addition, the use of hyaluronic acid (HA) for skin rejuvenation is already well proven. AIMS This study aims to evaluate the synergistic effects of using home-use LED mask device with HA ampoule. METHODS The total number of recruited subjects was 48:24 in Group A treated with both home-use LED mask device and HA ampoule and 24 in Group B treated with HA ampoule only, for 4 weeks. To assess the efficacy of the treatment, the following were used: Antera 3D CS, EOS 800D with Image-Pro Plus, DUB-USB, VisioFace Quick, and Visioscan VC98. RESULTS After treatment, the volume measurement (mm3 ) for prejowl sulci and nasolabial fold flattening as well as the area measurement (pixel) for lower chin firmness improvement was significantly reduced, and the number of pores (ea) for enlarged pores as well as the desquamation index (%) for the amount of corneocytes significantly decreased in both Group A and Group B. Moreover, the percentage of skin density significantly improved. Furthermore, Group A showed a significantly faster and higher rate of improvement than Group B. CONCLUSION The use of 660- and 850-nm home-use LED mask device can generate synergistic effects on home-use topical applications like HA on photoaged face, and such device can be safely and efficiently used daily in personal environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dae Sung Kim
- Research Development Center, CELLRETURN, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Ki Uk Song
- Clinical Research Consultant, Brighlans, Inc., Manila, Philippines
| | | | | | - Beom Joon Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kwang Ho Yoo
- Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Neves LMG, Parizotto NA, Tim CR, Floriano EM, Lopez RFV, Venâncio T, Fernandes JB, Cominetti MR. Polysaccharide-rich hydrogel formulation combined with photobiomodulation repairs UV-induced photodamage in mice skin. Wound Repair Regen 2020; 28:645-655. [PMID: 32590890 DOI: 10.1111/wrr.12826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Prolonged skin exposure to ultraviolet radiation (UVR) induces premature aging in both the epidermis and the dermis. Chronic exposure to UVR induces the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, activating c-Jun, c-Fos expression, and transcription factor of AP-1 activating protein. AP-1 activation results in the positive induction of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) synthesis, which degrade skin collagen fibers. Polysaccharides from the fruit of Lycium barbarum (LBP fraction) have a range of activities and have been demonstrate to repair the photodamage. In different approaches, laser application aims to recover the aged skin without destroying the epidermis, promoting a modulation, called photobiomodulation (PBM), which leads to protein synthesis and cell proliferation, favoring tissue repair. Here we developed a topical hydrogel formulation from a polysaccharide-rich fraction of Lycium barbarum fruits (LBP). This formulation was associated with PBM (red laser) to evaluate whether the isolated and combined treatments would reduce the UVR-mediated photodamage in mice skin. Hairless mice were photoaged for 6 weeks and then treated singly or in combination with LBP and PBM. Histological, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence analyses were used to investigate the levels of c-Fos, c-Jun, MMP-1, -2, and -9, collagen I, III, and FGF2. The combined regimen inhibited UVR-induced skin thickening, decreased the expression of c-Fos and c-Jun, as well as MMP-1, -2, and -9 and concomitantly increased the levels of collagen I, III, and FGF2. The PBM in combination with LBP treatment is a promising strategy for the repair of photodamaged skin, presenting potential clinical application in skin rejuvenation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lia Mara Grosso Neves
- Laboratory of Biology of Aging (LABEN), Department of Gerontology, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nivaldo Antonio Parizotto
- Joint Graduate Program in Physical Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology in Regenerative Medicine and Medical Chemistry, University of Araraquara, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Biomedical Engineering, University Brazil, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carla Roberta Tim
- Joint Graduate Program in Physical Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology in Regenerative Medicine and Medical Chemistry, University of Araraquara, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Elaine Medeiros Floriano
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Renata F Vianna Lopez
- Ribeirão Preto School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (FCFRP), University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tiago Venâncio
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - João Batista Fernandes
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcia Regina Cominetti
- Laboratory of Biology of Aging (LABEN), Department of Gerontology, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Kim TG, Chung J, Han J, Jin KH, Shin JH, Moon SW. Photochemical Retinopathy induced by blue light emitted from a light-emitting diode Face Mask: A case report and literature review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e20568. [PMID: 32541484 PMCID: PMC7302677 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000020568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Skin photobiomodulation involves the use of low doses of light of a specific wavelength to reduce skin inflammation and promote tissue repair. Recently, a face mask using a light-emitting diode (LED) to induce photobiomodulation has been widely introduced in the market. However, a short wavelength of high-energy blue light can cause retinal damage. We would like to report a rare case of photochemical retinopathy after using a blue LED face mask. PATIENT CONCERNS A 37-year-old woman presented with complaints of distorted vision. The patient was exposed to blue light from an LED face mask 1 month before presentation. DIAGNOSIS Color fundus photography revealed a yellowish chorioretinal lesion and optical coherence tomography revealed retinal pigment epithelium destruction in the parafoveal area. Fluorescein angiography revealed leakage from the lesion at the parafovea. The patient was diagnosed with blue LED-induced photochemical retinopathy. INTERVENTIONS Intravitreal bevacizumab was injected in the right eye. OUTCOMES After 4 weeks, dysmorphopsia was improved. LESSONS This case report demonstrates that retinal damage can occur in humans due to prolonged exposure to blue light. Therefore, it is important to be wary of eye exposure and ensure the eyes are covered during LED face mask use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tae Gi Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong
| | - Junkyu Chung
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong
| | | | - Kyung Hyun Jin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kyung Hee University Medical center, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae-Ho Shin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong
| | - Sang Woong Moon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Photobiomodulation-Underlying Mechanism and Clinical Applications. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9061724. [PMID: 32503238 PMCID: PMC7356229 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9061724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 235] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to explore the possibilities for the application of laser therapy in medicine and dentistry by analyzing lasers' underlying mechanism of action on different cells, with a special focus on stem cells and mechanisms of repair. The interest in the application of laser therapy in medicine and dentistry has remarkably increased in the last decade. There are different types of lasers available and their usage is well defined by different parameters, such as: wavelength, energy density, power output, and duration of radiation. Laser irradiation can induce a photobiomodulatory (PBM) effect on cells and tissues, contributing to a directed modulation of cell behaviors, enhancing the processes of tissue repair. Photobiomodulation (PBM), also known as low-level laser therapy (LLLT), can induce cell proliferation and enhance stem cell differentiation. Laser therapy is a non-invasive method that contributes to pain relief and reduces inflammation, parallel to the enhanced healing and tissue repair processes. The application of these properties was employed and observed in the treatment of various diseases and conditions, such as diabetes, brain injury, spinal cord damage, dermatological conditions, oral irritation, and in different areas of dentistry.
Collapse
|
36
|
585 nm light-emitting diodes inhibit melanogenesis through upregulating H19/miR-675 axis in LEDs-irradiated keratinocytes by paracrine effect. J Dermatol Sci 2020; 98:102-108. [PMID: 32278532 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2020.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND 585 nm light-emitting diodes have been proven to suppress melanogenesis in melanocytes. However, whether LEDs will influence normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEKs) and paracrine effect of LEDs-irradiated NHEKs in melanogenesis remains unknown. OBJECTIVE To elucidate the possible mechanisms in vitro of anti-melanogenic activity of 585 nm LEDs on paracrine effect of NHEKs and its exosomes. METHODS NHEKs irradiated with different fluences of 585 nm LEDs were evaluated the cell viability by CCK8 assay. Irradiated medium of NHEKs was co-cultured with melanocytes. Melanin content, tyrosinase activity and melanogenic enzymes activities were detected. Exosomes from NHEKs medium were isolated and characterized by electron microscopy and nanoparticle tracking analysis. The expression changes of H19 and its encoded exosomal miR-675 were analyzed. RESULTS Irradiation with 585 nm LEDs from 0 J/cm2 to 20 J/cm2 had no cytotoxic effect on NHEKs. After co-cultured with irradiated medium of NHEKs, melanin content and tyrosinase activity were reduced and the melanogenic activities were downregulated on both mRNA and protein levels of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), tyrosinase (TYR) and tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TRP-1). H19 and its derived exosomal miR-675 from NHEKs, which has been proven relevant to melanogenesis, were significantly upregulated after irradiation. Furthermore, H19 knockdown and miR-675 inhibition in NHEKs could attenuate the inhibition effect of 585 nm LEDs on melanogenesis. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that 585 nm LEDs could inhibit melanogenesis via the up-regulation of H19 and its derived exosomal miR-675 from NHEKs, which was considered as a novel paracrine factor in regulating melanogenesis.
Collapse
|
37
|
Jagdeo J, Nguyen JK, Ho D, Wang EB, Austin E, Mamalis A, Kaur R, Kraeva E, Schulman JM, Li CS, Hwang ST, Wun T, Maverakis E, Isseroff RR. Safety of light emitting diode-red light on human skin: Two randomized controlled trials. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2020; 13:e201960014. [PMID: 31483941 PMCID: PMC8887049 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201960014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 08/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/01/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Therapeutic applications of light emitting diode-red light (LED-RL) are expanding, yet data on its clinical effects are lacking. Our goal was to evaluate the safety of high fluence LED-RL (≥160 J/cm2 ). In two phase I, single-blind, dose escalation, randomized controlled trials, healthy subjects received LED-RL or mock irradiation to the forearm thrice weekly for 3 weeks at fluences of 160-640 J/cm2 for all skin types (STARS 1, n = 60) and at 480-640 J/cm2 for non-Hispanic Caucasians (STARS 2, n = 55). The primary outcome was the incidence of adverse events (AEs). The maximum tolerated dose was the highest fluence that did not elicit predefined AEs. Dose-limiting AEs, including blistering and prolonged erythema, occurred at 480 J/cm2 in STARS 1 (n = 1) and 640 J/cm2 in STARS 2 (n = 2). AEs of transient erythema and hyperpigmentation were mild. No serious AEs occurred. We determined that LED-RL is safe up to 320 J/cm2 for skin of color and 480 J/cm2 for non-Hispanic Caucasian individuals. LED-RL may exert differential cutaneous effects depending on race and ethnicity, with darker skin being more photosensitive. These findings may guide future studies to evaluate the efficacy of LED-RL for the treatment of various diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jared Jagdeo
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA
- Dermatology Service, Sacramento VA Medical Center, Mather, CA
| | - Julie K. Nguyen
- Department of Dermatology, The State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY
- Dermatology Service, VA New York Harbor Healthcare System Brooklyn Campus, Brooklyn, NY
| | - Derek Ho
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA
- Dermatology Service, Sacramento VA Medical Center, Mather, CA
| | - Erica B. Wang
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA
- Dermatology Service, Sacramento VA Medical Center, Mather, CA
| | - Evan Austin
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA
| | - Andrew Mamalis
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA
- Department of Dermatology, The State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY
| | - Ramanjot Kaur
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA
- Dermatology Service, Sacramento VA Medical Center, Mather, CA
| | - Ekaterina Kraeva
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA
- Dermatology Service, Sacramento VA Medical Center, Mather, CA
| | - Joshua M. Schulman
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA
- Dermatology Service, Sacramento VA Medical Center, Mather, CA
| | - Chin-Shang Li
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Division of Biostatistics, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA
| | - Samuel T. Hwang
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA
| | - Ted Wun
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Sacramento VA Medical Center, Mather, CA
- UC Davis Clinical and Translational Sciences Center, Sacramento, CA
| | - Emanual Maverakis
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA
| | - R. Rivkah Isseroff
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA
- Dermatology Service, Sacramento VA Medical Center, Mather, CA
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Suwal A, Hao JL, Zhou DD, Liu XF, Suwal R, Lu CW. Use of Intense Pulsed Light to Mitigate Meibomian Gland Dysfunction for Dry Eye Disease. Int J Med Sci 2020; 17:1385-1392. [PMID: 32624695 PMCID: PMC7330664 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.44288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Dry Eye Disease (DED) is a common ocular condition that needs prompt diagnosis and careful treatment interventions. If left untreated, it can lead to numerous sight-threatening complications, including ulceration of the cornea, blepharitis, alterations of the tear film, conjunctivitis, and in severe cases, may lead to scarring, thinning, and even perforation of the cornea. Intense pulsed light (IPL) is a non-laser high-intensity light source that has shown to play a valuable role in dry eye disease. Recent evidence from various research works has shown that IPL modifies the mechanism of meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD), which helps to relieve the symptoms of DED. In this review, we demonstrated the mechanism of action of IPL, including its benefits on DED. The emerging evidence shows that the role of IPL in DED is novel and therapeutic. These results direct us to conclude that IPL is a potentially beneficial tool and essential future therapy for dry eye disease. Advances in the treatment of DED will lead to a better quality of life. However, tools to recognize potentially severe side effects of DED earlier in order to treat or prevent them must be developed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Suwal
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, No. 71 of Xinmin St., Changchun, Jilin Province, 130021, China
| | - Ji-Long Hao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, No. 71 of Xinmin St., Changchun, Jilin Province, 130021, China
| | - Dan-Dan Zhou
- Department of Radiology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, No. 71 of Xinmin St., Changchun, Jilin Province, 130021, China
| | - Xiu-Fen Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, No. 71 of Xinmin St., Changchun, Jilin Province, 130021, China
| | - Raja Suwal
- Department of Radiology, Koshi Zonal Hospital, Biratnagar, Province No. 1, Nepal
| | - Cheng-Wei Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, No. 71 of Xinmin St., Changchun, Jilin Province, 130021, China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Blinded, Randomized, Controlled Trial Evaluating the Effects of Light-Emitting Diode Photomodulation on Lower Extremity Wounds Left to Heal by Secondary Intention. Dermatol Surg 2019; 46:605-611. [PMID: 31652220 DOI: 10.1097/dss.0000000000002195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Light-emitting diode (LED) has been used for wound healing because of its stimulatory effects on fibroblast proliferation, matrix synthesis, angiogenesis, and downmodulation of inflammatory reactions. OBJECTIVE The aim of the authors' study was to investigate the effects of red LED (wavelength 633 nm) photomodulation on lower extremity surgical defects left to heal by secondary intention. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fourteen subjects with surgical defects of the lower leg were irradiated with a 633 ± 3-nm light source for 20 minutes (105 mW/cm, 126 J/cm) at 4 weekly sessions. RESULTS The number of days required for wounds to heal was greater in the treatment group (63.2 ± 12.2 days) than in the control group (48.67 ± 11.1 days), although this difference was not statistically significant (p = .07). The percentage of the original wound remaining was not statistically different between treatment and control groups between Weeks 1 and 2 (p = .71) and Weeks 3 and 4 (p = .56). It was significant between Weeks 2 and 3 (p = .01). CONCLUSION This study revealed that red LED photomodulation at a wavelength of 633 nm did not result in clinical improvement in wound healing of surgical defects on the lower extremities.
Collapse
|
40
|
|
41
|
Giannaccare G, Taroni L, Senni C, Scorcia V. Intense Pulsed Light Therapy In The Treatment Of Meibomian Gland Dysfunction: Current Perspectives. CLINICAL OPTOMETRY 2019; 11:113-126. [PMID: 31802961 PMCID: PMC6802620 DOI: 10.2147/opto.s217639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/05/2019] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Dry eye disease (DED) is among the most common condition encountered during ophthalmic practice, reducing patient's quality of life and work productivity. Most of DED cases have an evaporative component originated from a meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD). Conventional treatments such as tear substitute, warm compresses, topical anti-inflammatory agents and/or antibiotics often are not able to provide a complete and long-term relief of symptoms and signs. Intense pulsed light (IPL) has been widely used in the field of dermatology to treat various skin conditions, and it has been recently introduced in the ophthalmic practice for the management of DED due to MGD. To date, several clinical studies showed positive results of IPL as adjuvant therapy for DED in terms of both safety and efficacy. The treatment is usually well accepted among patients for its non-invasive nature; very rare are the major adverse reactions. Moreover, results can be maintained over time with periodic sessions of IPL. This review summarizes the clinical outcomes of IPL therapy in MGD patients pointing out its potential role in the therapeutic algorithm of the disease. Further clinical investigations are desirable to identify factors able to predict the positive outcomes of the procedure and therefore to select in advance those patients who best benefit from IPL therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Giannaccare
- Department of Ophthalmology, University “Magna Græcia”, Catanzaro, Italy
- Correspondence: Giuseppe Giannaccare Department of Ophthalmology, University “Magna Græcia”, Viale Europa, Catanzaro, Germaneto88100, ItalyTel +39 3317186201 Email
| | - Leonardo Taroni
- Department of Ophthalmology, S. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Carlotta Senni
- Department of Ophthalmology, S. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Scorcia
- Department of Ophthalmology, University “Magna Græcia”, Catanzaro, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Silva ES, Machado GB, Lino-Dos-Santos-Franco A, Pavani C. Combination of Natural Extracts and Photobiomodulation in Keratinocytes Subjected to UVA Radiation. Photochem Photobiol 2018; 95:644-649. [PMID: 30267581 DOI: 10.1111/php.13026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Natural extracts (NE) with antioxidant properties can minimize the effects of photoaging. Photobiomodulation (PBM) has proven to be a useful tool for the modulation of cell metabolism. Here, we investigate the associations of antioxidants with PBM with the aim of promoting skin rejuvenation. We began with standardization of the experimental protocol. Extracts of chamomile, rosemary, blueberry, green tea, figs, pomegranate and nutwood were tested. A custom irradiation system (366 ± 10 nm) was used to simulate sun exposure. A light emitting diode system (640 ± 12.5 nm) was used for PBM. Viability assessments were performed by the (3-(4,5-Dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide) MTT assay method. Based on the results, radiant exposure to UVA was defined as 9 and 1 J cm-2 for PBM. Extract concentrations were established on the basis of dark toxicities, which ranged from 0.01% to 0.3%. The data show that PBM is a promising therapy to restore keratinocytes after UVA damage; however, the detailed mechanism and effects require further exploration. Moreover, although the combination of PBM with NE may be a useful strategy, the choice of a NE is challenging, since the working concentration and other properties, such as photosensitivity, may bring about unwanted results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elineides Santos Silva
- Post Graduate Program of Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho-UNINOVE, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Benedito Machado
- Post Graduate Program of Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho-UNINOVE, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Adriana Lino-Dos-Santos-Franco
- Post Graduate Program of Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho-UNINOVE, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Christiane Pavani
- Post Graduate Program of Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho-UNINOVE, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Yan G, Zhang L, Feng C, Gong R, Idiiatullina E, Huang Q, He M, Guo S, Yang F, Li Y, Ding F, Ma W, Pavlov V, Han Z, Wang Z, Xu C, Cai B, Yuan Y, Yang L. Blue light emitting diodes irradiation causes cell death in colorectal cancer by inducing ROS production and DNA damage. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2018; 103:81-88. [PMID: 30125666 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2018.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gege Yan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China; Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Lai Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China; Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Chao Feng
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China; Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Rui Gong
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China; Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Elina Idiiatullina
- Central Laboratory of Scientific Research, Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, 450008, Russia
| | - Qihe Huang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China; Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Mingyu He
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China; Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Shuyuan Guo
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Cardiovascular Institute, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China; Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China; Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Fengzhi Ding
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China; Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Wenya Ma
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China; Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Valentin Pavlov
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157011, China
| | - Zhenbo Han
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China; Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Zhiguo Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China; Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Chaoqian Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157011, China
| | - Benzhi Cai
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China; Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Ye Yuan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China; Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China.
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Tenis CA, Martins MD, Gonçalves MLL, da Silva DDFT, da Cunha Filho JJ, Martins MAT, Mesquita-Ferrari RA, Bussadori SK, Fernandes KPS. Efficacy of diode-emitting diode (LED) photobiomodulation in pain management, facial edema, trismus, and quality of life after extraction of retained lower third molars: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e12264. [PMID: 30212961 PMCID: PMC6156019 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000012264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In dentistry, one of the most common surgical procedures is the removal of retained third molars. This surgery generates great morbidity to the participants for causing pain, edema, and trismus due to surgical trauma. The objective of the present study is to evaluate the efficacy of photobiomodulation with light emitting diode (LED) in the control of pain, facial edema, trismus, and quality of life resulting from the extraction of retained lower third molars. METHODS A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial involving 38 adult participants, who meet the criteria of eligibility and agree to participate in the study. Before the surgeries are performed, the facial and mouth opening measures of all the participants will be taken. Immediately after the surgeries, participants will be randomized into 2 groups. In the LED group, participants will receive LED applications (intra oral with 660 nm, 12J and extraoral with 850 nm, 108J) in the immediate postoperative, first and second days after the surgical procedure. In the control group, the participants will be attended in the same way as in the LED group, however, the person in charge of the application will simulate the irradiation. Pain (EVA and NRS-101), postoperative edema, trismus, temperature, dysphagia, and hematoma will be evaluated after 1, 2, 5, and 7 days. The oral health impact profile (OHIP-14 Questionnaire) and anxiety analysis (Beck anxiety inventory -BAI) questionnaires will be applied preoperatively and 7 days after treatment. The appropriate statistical tests will be applied for each specific analysis in a significance level of 5%. DISCUSSION Although the use of low-power laser in the postoperative has shown good results in the control of postoperative sequelae, this is the first study on the efficacy of the use of LED in this situation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Manoela Domingues Martins
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Paulo Gama Avenue, Farroupilha , Porto Alegre, RS
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Sorbellini E, Rucco M, Rinaldi F. Photodynamic and photobiological effects of light-emitting diode (LED) therapy in dermatological disease: an update. Lasers Med Sci 2018; 33:1431-1439. [PMID: 30006754 PMCID: PMC6133043 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-018-2584-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Benefit deriving from the use of light is known since ancient time, but, only in the last decades of twentieth century, we witnessed the rapid expansion of knowledge and techniques. Light-emitted diode (LED)-based devices represent the emerging and safest tool for the treatment of many conditions such as skin inflammatory conditions, aging, and disorders linked to hair growth. The present work reviews the current knowledge about LED-based therapeutic approaches in different skin and hair disorders. LED therapy represents the emerging and safest tool for the treatment of many conditions such as skin inflammatory conditions, aging, and disorders linked to hair growth. The use of LED in the treatment of such conditions has now entered common practice among dermatologists. Additional controlled studies are still needed to corroborate the efficacy of such kind of treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Sorbellini
- International Hair Research Foundation (IHRF), Milan, Italy.
- Human Advanced Microbiome Project-HMAP, Milan, Italy.
| | | | - Fabio Rinaldi
- International Hair Research Foundation (IHRF), Milan, Italy
- Human Advanced Microbiome Project-HMAP, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Photobiomodulation of extracellular matrix enzymes in human nucleus pulposus cells as a potential treatment for intervertebral disk degeneration. Sci Rep 2018; 8:11654. [PMID: 30076336 PMCID: PMC6076240 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-30185-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is associated with imbalances between catabolic and anabolic responses, regulated by extracellular matrix (ECM)-modifying enzymes such as matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their endogenous tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs). Potential contributing factors, such as interleukin (IL)-1β and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, derived from infiltrated, activated macrophages within IVD tissues, can trigger abnormal production of ECM-modifying enzymes and progression of IVD degeneration. Novel therapies for regulating ECM-modifying enzymes can prevent or ameliorate IVD degeneration. Photobiomodulation (PBM), known to regulate wound repair, exhibits regenerative potential by modulating biological molecules. This study examined the effects of PBM, administered at various wavelengths (630, 525, and 465 nm) and energy densities (16, 32, and 64 J/cm2), on the production of ECM-modifying enzymes in replicated degenerative IVD. Our results showed that PBM selectively inhibited the production of ECM-modifying enzymes in a dose- and wavelength-dependent manner, suggesting that it could be a novel tool for treating symptomatic IVD degeneration.
Collapse
|
47
|
Mignon C, Uzunbajakava NE, Castellano-Pellicena I, Botchkareva NV, Tobin DJ. Differential response of human dermal fibroblast subpopulations to visible and near-infrared light: Potential of photobiomodulation for addressing cutaneous conditions. Lasers Surg Med 2018; 50:859-882. [PMID: 29665018 DOI: 10.1002/lsm.22823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND OBJECTIVES The past decade has witnessed a rapid expansion of photobiomodulation (PBM), demonstrating encouraging results for the treatment of cutaneous disorders. Confidence in this approach, however, is impaired not only by a lack of understanding of the light-triggered molecular cascades but also by the significant inconsistency in published experimental outcomes, design of the studies and applied optical parameters. This study aimed at characterizing the response of human dermal fibroblast subpopulations to visible and near-infrared (NIR) light in an attempt to identify the optical treatment parameters with high potential to address deficits in aging skin and non-healing chronic wounds. MATERIALS AND METHODS Primary human reticular and papillary dermal fibroblasts (DF) were isolated from the surplus of post-surgery human facial skin. An in-house developed LED-based device was used to irradiate cell cultures using six discrete wavelengths (450, 490, 550, 590, 650, and 850 nm). Light dose-response at a standard oxygen concentration (20%) at all six wavelengths was evaluated in terms of cell metabolic activity. This was followed by an analysis of the transcriptome and procollagen I production at a protein level, where cells were cultured in conditions closer to in vivo at 2% environmental oxygen and 2% serum. Furthermore, the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was accessed using real-time fluorescence confocal microscopy imaging. Here, production of ROS in the presence or absence of antioxidants, as well as the cellular localization of ROS, was evaluated. RESULTS In terms of metabolic activity, consecutive irradiation with short-wavelength light (⇐530 nm) exerted an inhibitory effect on DF, while longer wavelengths (>=590 nm) had essentially a neutral effect. Cell behavior following treatment with 450 nm was biphasic with two distinct states: inhibitory at low- to mid- dose levels (<=30 J/cm2 ), and cytotoxic at higher dose levels (>30 J/cm2 ). Cell response to blue light was accompanied by a dose-dependent release of ROS that was localized in the perinuclear area close to mitochondria, which was attenuated by an antioxidant. Overall, reticular DFs exhibited a greater sensitivity to light treatment at the level of gene expression than did papillary DFs, with more genes significantly up- or down- regulated. At the intra-cellular signaling pathway level, the up- or down- regulation of vital pathways was observed only for reticular DF, after treatment with 30 J/cm2 of blue light. At the cellular level, short visible wavelengths exerted a greater inhibitory effect on reticular DF. Several genes involved in the TGF-β signaling pathway were also affected. In addition, procollagen I production was inhibited. By contrast, 850 nm near-infrared (NIR) light (20 J/cm2 ) exerted a stimulatory metabolic effect in these cells, with no detectable intracellular ROS formation. Here too, reticular DF were more responsive than papillary DF. This stimulatory effect was only observed under in vivo-like low oxygen conditions, corresponding to normal dermal tissue oxygen levels (approximately 2%). CONCLUSION This study highlights a differential impact of light on human skin cells with upregulation of metabolic activity with NIR light, and inhibition of pro-collagen production and proliferation in response to blue light. These findings open-up new avenues for developing therapies for different cutaneous conditions (e.g., treatment of keloids and fibrosis) or differential therapy at distinct stages of wound healing. Lasers Surg. Med. 50:859-882, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charles Mignon
- Centre for Skin Sciences, University of Bradford, BD71DP, Bradford, United-Kingdom.,Philips Research, High Tech Campus, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | | | - Irene Castellano-Pellicena
- Centre for Skin Sciences, University of Bradford, BD71DP, Bradford, United-Kingdom.,Philips Research, High Tech Campus, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | | | - Desmond J Tobin
- Centre for Skin Sciences, University of Bradford, BD71DP, Bradford, United-Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Kim SK, You HR, Kim SH, Yun SJ, Lee SC, Lee JB. Skin photorejuvenation effects of light-emitting diodes (LEDs): a comparative study of yellow and red LEDs in vitro and in vivo. Clin Exp Dermatol 2018; 41:798-805. [PMID: 27663159 DOI: 10.1111/ced.12902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Red-coloured light-emitting diodes (LEDs) can improve skin photorejuvenation and regeneration by increasing cellular metabolic activity. AIM To evaluate the effectiveness of visible LEDs with specific wavelengths for skin photorejuvenation in vitro and in vivo. METHODS Normal human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) from neonatal foreskin were cultured and irradiated in vitro by LEDs at different wavelengths (410-850 nm) and doses (0-10 J/cm(2) ). In vivo experiments were performed on the skin of hairless mice. Expression of collagen (COL) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) was evaluated by semi-quantitative reverse transcription PCR (semi-qRT-PCR), western blotting and a procollagen type I C-peptide enzyme immunoassay (EIA). Haematoxylin and eosin and Masson trichrome stains were performed to evaluate histological changes. RESULTS In HDFs, COL I was upregulated and MMP-1 was downregulated in response to LED irradiation at 595 ± 2 and 630 ± 8 nm. In the EIA, a peak result was achieved at a dose of 5 J/cm(2) with LED at 595 ± 2 nm. In vivo, COL I synthesis was upregulated in a dose-dependent manner to both 595 and 630 nm LED irradiation, and this effect was prolonged to 21 days after a single irradiation with a dose of 100 J/cm(2) . These histological changes were consistent with the results of semi-qRT-PCR and western blots. CONCLUSION Specific LED treatment with 595 ± 2 and 630 ± 8 nm irradiation was able to modulate COL and MMPs in skin, with the effects persisting for at least 21 days after irradiation. These findings suggest that yellow and red LEDs might be useful tools for skin photorejuvenation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S K Kim
- Namak Oracle Dermatology Clinic, Gwangju, Jeollanam-do, Korea
| | - H R You
- Department of Dermatology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - S H Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - S J Yun
- Department of Dermatology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - S C Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - J B Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Nikolis A, Fauverghe S, Scapagnini G, Sotiriadis D, Kontochristopoulos G, Petridis A, Rigopoulos D, Dessinioti C, Kalokasidis K, Antoniou C. An extension of a multicenter, randomized, split-face clinical trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of chromophore gel-assisted blue light phototherapy for the treatment of acne. Int J Dermatol 2017; 57:94-103. [DOI: 10.1111/ijd.13814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Nikolis
- Division of Plastic Surgery; University of Montreal; Montreal Québec Canada
| | | | - Giovanni Scapagnini
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences; School of Medicine; University of Molise; Campobasso Italy
| | - Dimitrios Sotiriadis
- Department of Dermatology; Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Medical School; Papageorgiou General Hospital; Thessaloniki Greece
| | | | | | - Dimitrios Rigopoulos
- Attikon University General Hospital of Athens; University of Athens; Athens Greece
| | - Clio Dessinioti
- 1st Department of Dermatology; Andreas Syggros Hospital; University of Athens; Athens Greece
| | - Konstantinos Kalokasidis
- Department of Dermatology; Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Medical School; Papageorgiou General Hospital; Thessaloniki Greece
| | - Christina Antoniou
- 1st Department of Dermatology; Andreas Syggros Hospital; University of Athens; Athens Greece
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Dong J, Xiong D. Applications of Light Emitting Diodes in Health Care. Ann Biomed Eng 2017; 45:2509-2523. [PMID: 28948402 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-017-1930-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Light emitting diodes (LEDs) have become the main light sources for general lighting, due to their high lumen efficiency and long life time. Moreover, their high bandwidth and the availability of diverse wavelength contents ranging from ultraviolet to infrared empower them with great controllability in tuning brightness, pulse durations and spectra. These parameters are the essential ingredients of the applications in medical imaging and therapies. Despite the fast advances in both LED technologies and their applications, few reviews have been seen to link the controllable emission properties of LEDs to these applications. The objective of this paper is to bridge this gap by reviewing the main control techniques of LEDs that enable creating enhanced lighting patterns for imaging and generating effective photon doses for photobiomodulation. This paper also provides the basic mechanisms behind the effective LED therapies in treating cutaneous and neurological diseases. The emerging field of optogenetics is also discussed with a focus on the application of LEDs. The multidisciplinary topics reviewed in this paper can help the researchers in LEDs, imaging, light therapy and optogenetics better understand the basic principles in each other's field; and hence to stimulate the application of LEDs in health care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianfei Dong
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China.
| | - Daxi Xiong
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|