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Man MQ, Wakefield JS, Mauro TM, Elias PM. Regulatory Role of Nitric Oxide in Cutaneous Inflammation. Inflammation 2022; 45:949-964. [PMID: 35094214 PMCID: PMC11249049 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-021-01615-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO), a signaling molecule, regulates biological functions in multiple organs/tissues, including the epidermis, where it impacts permeability barrier homeostasis, wound healing, and antimicrobial defense. In addition, NO participates in cutaneous inflammation, where it exhibits pro-inflammatory properties via the cyclooxygenase/prostaglandin pathway, migration of inflammatory cells, and cytokine production. Yet, NO can also inhibit cutaneous inflammation through inhibition of T cell proliferation and leukocyte migration/infiltration, enhancement of T cell apoptosis, as well as through down-regulation of cytokine production. Topical applications of NO-releasing products can alleviate atopic dermatitis in humans and in murine disease models. The underlying mechanisms of these discrepant effects of NO on cutaneous inflammation remain unknown. In this review, we briefly review the regulatory role of NO in cutaneous inflammation and its potential, underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao-Qiang Man
- Dermatology Service Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510091, China.
| | - Joan S Wakefield
- Dermatology Service Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Theodora M Mauro
- Dermatology Service Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Peter M Elias
- Dermatology Service Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Mehling R, Schwenck J, Lemberg C, Trautwein C, Zizmare L, Kramer D, Müller A, Fehrenbacher B, Gonzalez-Menendez I, Quintanilla-Martinez L, Schröder K, Brandes RP, Schaller M, Ruf W, Eichner M, Ghoreschi K, Röcken M, Pichler BJ, Kneilling M. Immunomodulatory role of reactive oxygen species and nitrogen species during T cell-driven neutrophil-enriched acute and chronic cutaneous delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions. Theranostics 2021; 11:470-490. [PMID: 33391487 PMCID: PMC7738859 DOI: 10.7150/thno.51462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) are important regulators of inflammation. The exact impact of ROS/RNS on cutaneous delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction (DTHR) is controversial. The aim of our study was to identify the dominant sources of ROS/RNS during acute and chronic trinitrochlorobenzene (TNCB)-induced cutaneous DTHR in mice with differently impaired ROS/RNS production. Methods: TNCB-sensitized wild-type, NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2)- deficient (gp91phox-/-), myeloperoxidase-deficient (MPO-/-), and inducible nitric oxide synthase-deficient (iNOS-/-) mice were challenged with TNCB on the right ear once to elicit acute DTHR and repetitively up to five times to induce chronic DTHR. We measured ear swelling responses and noninvasively assessed ROS/RNS production in vivo by employing the chemiluminescence optical imaging (OI) probe L-012. Additionally, we conducted extensive ex vivo analyses of inflamed ears focusing on ROS/RNS production and the biochemical and morphological consequences. Results: The in vivo L-012 OI of acute and chronic DTHR revealed completely abrogated ROS/RNS production in the ears of gp91phox-/- mice, up to 90 % decreased ROS/RNS production in the ears of MPO-/- mice and unaffected ROS/RNS production in the ears of iNOS-/- mice. The DHR flow cytometry analysis of leukocytes derived from the ears with acute DTHR confirmed our in vivo L-012 OI results. Nevertheless, we observed no significant differences in the ear swelling responses among all the experimental groups. The histopathological analysis of the ears of gp91phox-/- mice with acute DTHRs revealed slightly enhanced inflammation. In contrast, we observed a moderately reduced inflammatory immune response in the ears of gp91phox-/- mice with chronic DTHR, while the inflamed ears of MPO-/- mice exhibited the strongest inflammation. Analyses of lipid peroxidation, 8-hydroxy-2'deoxyguanosine levels, redox related metabolites and genomic expression of antioxidant proteins revealed similar oxidative stress in all experimental groups. Furthermore, inflamed ears of wild-type and gp91phox-/- mice displayed neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation exclusively in acute but not chronic DTHR. Conclusions: MPO and NOX2 are the dominant sources of ROS/RNS in acute and chronic DTHR. Nevertheless, depletion of one primary source of ROS/RNS exhibited only marginal but conflicting impact on acute and chronic cutaneous DTHR. Thus, ROS/RNS are not a single entity, and each species has different properties at certain stages of the disease, resulting in different outcomes.
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Magrone T, Jirillo E, Magrone M, Russo MA, Romita P, Massari F, Foti C. Red Grape Polyphenol Oral Administration Improves Immune Response in Women Affected by Nickel-Mediated Allergic Contact Dermatitis. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2020; 21:374-384. [PMID: 32167433 DOI: 10.2174/1871530320666200313152648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our previous findings demonstrated that in vitro supplementation of polyphenols, extracted from seeds of red grape (Nero di Troia cultivar), to peripheral lymphomonocytes from patients affected by allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) to nickel (Ni) could reduce the release of proinflammatory cytokines and nitric oxide (NO), while increasing the levels of interleukin (IL)-10, an anti-inflammatory cytokine. OBJECTIVE To assess whether an intervention with oral administration of polyphenols leads to a reduction of peripheral biomarkers in ACD patients. METHODS At T0, 25 patients affected by ACD to Ni were orally administered with 300 mg polyphenols prodie extracted from seeds of red grape (Nero di Troia cultivar) (NATUR-OX®) for 3 months (T1). The other 25 patients affected by ACD to Ni received placebo only for the same period of time. Serum biomarkers were analyzed at T0 and T1. In both groups, seven dropouts were recorded. RESULTS At T1 in comparison to T0, in treated patients, values of interferon-γ, IL-4, IL-17, pentraxin 3 and NO decreased, while IL-10 levels increased when compared with T0 values. Conversely, in placebo- treated patients, no modifications of biomarkers were evaluated at T1. CONCLUSION Present laboratory data rely on the anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic properties of polyphenols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thea Magrone
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sensory Organs, School of Medicine, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Emilio Jirillo
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sensory Organs, School of Medicine, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Manrico Magrone
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sensory Organs, School of Medicine, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Matteo A Russo
- MEBIC Consortium, San Raffaele Open University of Rome and IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Romita
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari, School of Medicine, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Massari
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari, School of Medicine, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Caterina Foti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari, School of Medicine, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
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Thwe PM, Amiel E. The role of nitric oxide in metabolic regulation of Dendritic cell immune function. Cancer Lett 2017; 412:236-242. [PMID: 29107106 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.10.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Revised: 09/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are canonical antigen presenting cells of the immune system and serve as a bridge between innate and adaptive immune responses. When DCs are activated by a stimulus through toll-like receptors (TLRs), DCs undergo a process of maturation defined by cytokine & chemokine secretion, co-stimulatory molecule expression, antigen processing and presentation, and the ability to activate T cells. DC maturation is coupled with an increase in biosynthetic demand, which is fulfilled by a TLR-driven upregulation in glycolytic metabolism. Up-regulation of glycolysis in activated DCs provides these cells with molecular building blocks and cellular energy required for DC activation, and inhibition of glycolysis during initial activation impairs both the survival and effector function of activated DCs. Evidence shows that DC glycolytic upregulation is controlled by two distinct pathways, an early burst of glycolysis that is nitric oxide (NO) -independent, and a sustained commitment to glycolysis in NO-producing DC subsets. This review will address the complex role of NO in regulating DC metabolism and effector function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phyu M Thwe
- Cell, Molecular, and Biomedical Sciences Program, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA; Department of Medical Laboratory and Radiation Sciences, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Eyal Amiel
- Cell, Molecular, and Biomedical Sciences Program, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA; Department of Medical Laboratory and Radiation Sciences, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA.
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Suwanpradid J, Shih M, Pontius L, Yang B, Birukova A, Guttman-Yassky E, Corcoran DL, Que LG, Tighe RM, MacLeod AS. Arginase1 Deficiency in Monocytes/Macrophages Upregulates Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase To Promote Cutaneous Contact Hypersensitivity. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 199:1827-1834. [PMID: 28747341 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1700739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The innate immune components that modulate allergic contact hypersensitivity (CHS) responses are poorly defined. Using human skin from contact dermatitis patients and a mouse model of CHS, we find that hapten allergens disrupt the Arginase1 (Arg1) and inducible NO synthase (iNOS) dynamic in monocytes/macrophages (mono/MΦ), which renders those cells ineffectual in suppressing skin inflammation. Mice lacking Arg1 in MΦ develop increased CHS characterized by elevated ear thickening, mono/MΦ-dominated dermal inflammation, and increased iNOS and IL-6 expression compared with control mice. Treatment of Arg1flox/flox; LysMCre+/- mice with a selective NOS inhibitor or knockout of Nos2, encoding iNOS, significantly ameliorates CHS. Our findings suggest a critical role for Arg1 in mono/MΦ in suppressing CHS through dampening Nos2 expression. These results support that increasing Arg1 may be a potential therapeutic avenue in treating allergic contact dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael Shih
- Department of Dermatology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Lauren Pontius
- Department of Dermatology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Bin Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710
| | | | - Emma Guttman-Yassky
- Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY 10029
| | - David L Corcoran
- Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708; and
| | - Loretta G Que
- Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Robert M Tighe
- Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Amanda S MacLeod
- Department of Dermatology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710; .,Duke Immunology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710
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Li W, Wu X, Xu X, Wang W, Song S, Liang K, Yang M, Guo L, Zhao Y, Li R. Coenzyme Q10 Suppresses TNF-α-Induced Inflammatory Reaction In Vitro and Attenuates Severity of Dermatitis in Mice. Inflammation 2016; 39:281-289. [PMID: 26341816 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-015-0248-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Anti-oxidant coenzyme Q10 (Co-Q10) is commonly used in clinic. Recently, Co-Q10 was reported to antagonize TNF-α-induced inflammation and play a protective role in various inflammatory conditions. However, its role in dermatitis is unknown. Herein, RAW264.7 macrophage cell line was cultured with stimulation of TNF-α, and administration of Co-Q10 alleviated TNF-α-mediated inflammatory reaction in vitro. Furthermore, oxazolone-induced dermatitis mice model was established, and treatment of Co-Q10 markedly attenuated dermatitis phenotype in this mice model. Moreover, the protective role of Co-Q10 in vitro and in dermatitis was probably due to its repression on NF-κB signaling. Collectively, Co-Q10 may represent a potential molecular target for prevention and treatment of inflammatory skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Li
- Department of Pathology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojuan Wu
- Department of Pathology and Physiopathology, Shandong University Medical School, 44 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangling Xu
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenhan Wang
- Department of Pathology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Sijia Song
- Department of Pathology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Liang
- Department of Pathology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Yang
- Department of Pathology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Linlin Guo
- Department of Pathology and Physiopathology, Shandong University Medical School, 44 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunpeng Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ruifeng Li
- Department of Pathology and Physiopathology, Shandong University Medical School, 44 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China.
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Fuseler JW, Valarmathi MT. Nitric Oxide Modulates Postnatal Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Migration. Front Cell Dev Biol 2016; 4:133. [PMID: 27933292 PMCID: PMC5122209 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2016.00133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a small free-radical gas molecule, which is highly diffusible and can activate a wide range of downstream effectors, with rapid and widespread cellular effects. NO is a versatile signaling mediator with a plethora of cellular functions. For example, NO has been shown to regulate actin, the microfilament, dependent cellular functions, and also acts as a putative stem cell differentiation-inducing agent. In this study, using a wound-healing model of cellular migration, we have explored the effect of exogenous NO on the kinetics of movement and morphological changes in postnatal bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Cellular migration kinetics and morphological changes of the migrating MSCs were measured in the presence of an NO donor (S-Nitroso-N-Acetyl-D,L-Penicillamine, SNAP), especially, to track the dynamics of single-cell responses. Two experimental conditions were assessed, in which SNAP (200 μM) was applied to the MSCs. In the first experimental group (SN-1), SNAP was applied immediately following wound formation, and migration kinetics were determined for 24 h. In the second experimental group (SN-2), MSCs were pretreated for 7 days with SNAP prior to wound formation and the determination of migration kinetics. The generated displacement curves were further analyzed by non-linear regression analysis. The migration displacement of the controls and NO treated MSCs (SN-1 and SN-2) was best described by a two parameter exponential functions expressing difference constant coefficients. Additionally, changes in the fractal dimension (D) of migrating MSCs were correlated with their displacement kinetics for all the three groups. Overall, these data suggest that NO may evidently function as a stop migration signal by disordering the cytoskeletal elements required for cell movement and proliferation of MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- John W Fuseler
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Mani T Valarmathi
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana, IL, USA
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Zhan R, Yang S, He W, Wang F, Tan J, Zhou J, Yang S, Yao Z, Wu J, Luo G. Nitric oxide enhances keratinocyte cell migration by regulating Rho GTPase via cGMP-PKG signalling. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0121551. [PMID: 25799230 PMCID: PMC4370851 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0121551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2014] [Accepted: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Nitric oxide (NO) has been shown to improve wound healing, but the mechanism underlying this function is not well defined. Here, we explored the effect of NO on the migration of a human keratinocyte cell line (HaCaT) and its possible mechanism. Methods The effects of NO on HaCaT cells in the presence of different concentrations of the NO donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP) were evaluated in a cell migration assay. Subsequently, the cytoskeleton reorganization of cultured HaCaT cells stained with rhodamine-phalloidin was observed with a confocal laser scanning microscope. The mRNA expression and active proteins of CDC42, Rac1 and RhoA in the cultured cells were determined via RT-PCR and pull-down assays, respectively. Furthermore, the roles of various inhibitors or agonists specific to cGMP, PKG and CDC42, Rac1, RhoA in the effects of NO on HaCaT cell migration, F-actin stress fibre formation, and Rho GTPase expression were observed. Results It was also found HaCaT cell migration was increased by SNP in a dose-dependent manner, and the other two NO donors either spermine NONOate or SNAP had almost the same effects on HaCat cell migrations. The formation of F-actin stress fibres in SNP-treated HaCaT cells was increased. The mRNA expression and the active proteins of CDC42, Rac1 and RhoA were found to be upregulated after SNP treatment. Similar effects were observed after the cells were treated with a cGMP or PKG agonist. Additionally, the SNP-mediated upregulation of the mRNA expression and the active proteins of CDC42, Rac1 and RhoA were inhibited by the addition of an inhibitor of cGMP or PKG. Moreover, the SNP-mediated promoting effects of migration and cytoskeleton reorganization were inhibited by treatment with inhibitors of cGMP, PKG, CDC42, Rac1 and RhoA respectively. Conclusion Our data indicated that the stimulatory effects of NO on cell migration of HaCaT cells are mediated by the cGMP signalling pathway via the upregulation of Rho-GTPase expression, which might promote cytoskeleton reorganization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rixing Zhan
- Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Key Laboratory of Disease Proteomics of Chongqing, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shiwei Yang
- Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Key Laboratory of Disease Proteomics of Chongqing, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Weifeng He
- Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Key Laboratory of Disease Proteomics of Chongqing, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fan Wang
- Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Key Laboratory of Disease Proteomics of Chongqing, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianglin Tan
- Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Key Laboratory of Disease Proteomics of Chongqing, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Junyi Zhou
- Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Key Laboratory of Disease Proteomics of Chongqing, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Sisi Yang
- Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Key Laboratory of Disease Proteomics of Chongqing, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhihui Yao
- Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Key Laboratory of Disease Proteomics of Chongqing, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jun Wu
- Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Key Laboratory of Disease Proteomics of Chongqing, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- * E-mail: (JW); (GL)
| | - Gaoxing Luo
- Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Key Laboratory of Disease Proteomics of Chongqing, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- * E-mail: (JW); (GL)
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Amiel E, Everts B, Fritz D, Beauchamp S, Ge B, Pearce EL, Pearce EJ. Mechanistic target of rapamycin inhibition extends cellular lifespan in dendritic cells by preserving mitochondrial function. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 193:2821-30. [PMID: 25108022 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1302498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
TLR-mediated activation of dendritic cells (DCs) is associated with a metabolic transition in which mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation is inhibited by endogenously synthesized NO and the cells become committed to glucose and aerobic glycolysis for survival. We show that inhibition of mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) extends the lifespan of TLR-activated DCs by inhibiting the induction of NO production, thereby allowing the cells to continue to use their mitochondria to generate ATP, and allowing them the flexibility to use fatty acids or glucose as nutrients to fuel core metabolism. These data provide novel mechanistic insights into how mTOR modulates DC metabolism and cellular longevity following TLR activation and provide an explanation for previous findings that mTOR inhibition enhances the efficacy of DCs in autologous vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eyal Amiel
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Radiation Sciences, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405; Trudeau Institute, Saranac Lake, NY 12983; and
| | - Bart Everts
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Daniel Fritz
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Radiation Sciences, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405
| | - Saritha Beauchamp
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Radiation Sciences, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405
| | - Burong Ge
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Radiation Sciences, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405
| | - Erika L Pearce
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Edward J Pearce
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
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Kuroishi T, Bando K, Endo Y, Sugawara S. Metal Allergens Induce Nitric Oxide Production by Mouse Dermal Fibroblasts via the Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-2α–Dependent Pathway. Toxicol Sci 2013; 135:119-28. [DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kft142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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11
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Abstract
TLR agonists initiate a rapid activation program in dendritic cells (DCs) that requires support from metabolic and bioenergetic resources. We found previously that TLR signaling promotes aerobic glycolysis and a decline in oxidative phosphorylation (OXHPOS) and that glucose restriction prevents activation and leads to premature cell death. However, it remained unclear why the decrease in OXPHOS occurs under these circumstances. Using real-time metabolic flux analysis, in the present study, we show that mitochondrial activity is lost progressively after activation by TLR agonists in inflammatory blood monocyte-derived DCs that express inducible NO synthase. We found that this is because of inhibition of OXPHOS by NO and that the switch to glycolysis is a survival response that serves to maintain ATP levels when OXPHOS is inhibited. Our data identify NO as a profound metabolic regulator in inflammatory monocyte-derived DCs.
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Schmid M, Wege AK, Ritter U. Characteristics of "Tip-DCs and MDSCs" and Their Potential Role in Leishmaniasis. Front Microbiol 2012; 3:74. [PMID: 22416241 PMCID: PMC3298847 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2012.00074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2011] [Accepted: 02/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the first description of dendritic cells (DCs) by Steinman and Cohn (1973), the myeloid lineage of leukocytes was investigated intensively. Nowadays it is obvious that myeloid cells, especially DCs, are crucial for the adaptive and innate immune response against intracellular pathogens such as Leishmania major parasites. Based on the overlapping expression of molecules that were commonly used to classify myeloid cells, it becomes difficult to denominate those cell types precisely. Of note, most of these markers used for myeloid cell identification are expressed on a broad range of myeloid cells, and should therefore be handled with care if used for subtyping of myeloid cells. In this mini-review we aim to discuss the relative impact of DCs that release TNF and nitric oxide (Tip-DCs) and myeloid cells with suppressive capacities (myeloid-derived suppressor cells, MDSCs) in infectious diseases such as experimental leishmaniasis. In our point of view it cannot be excluded that the novel subsets that were denominated as “Tip-DCs” and “MDSCs” might not be classical “subsets” but rather represent myeloid cells in a transient maturation stage expressing different genes, in response to the surrounding environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Schmid
- Institute of Immunology, University of Regensburg Regensburg, Germany
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Orita K, Hiramoto K, Kobayashi H, Ishii M, Sekiyama A, Inoue M. Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and α-melanocyte-stimulating hormones of iNOS origin play important roles in the allergic reactions of atopic dermatitis in mice. Exp Dermatol 2011; 20:911-4. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0625.2011.01360.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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14
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Sugita K, Kabashima K, Sakabe JI, Yoshiki R, Tanizaki H, Tokura Y. FTY720 regulates bone marrow egress of eosinophils and modulates late-phase skin reaction in mice. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2010; 177:1881-7. [PMID: 20802177 DOI: 10.2353/ajpath.2010.100119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Eosinophilia in the blood and skin is frequently observed in patients with certain inflammatory skin diseases, such as atopic dermatitis. However, the mechanism underlying eosinophil circulation and the role of eosinophils in cutaneous immune responses remain unclear. In repeated hapten application-induced cutaneous responses in BALB/c mice, the administration of FTY720 before the last challenge decreased the number of skin-infiltrating eosinophils and reduced the late-phase reaction. A similar reduction of the late-phase reaction was observed by a sphingosine-1-phosphate G protein-coupled receptor (S1P1)-selective agonist, SEW2871. We monitored numerous alterations of eosinophils in the blood, spleen, bone marrow, and lymph nodes of interleukin-5 transgenic mice, used as an eosinophilia model, following FTY720 administration. The number of circulating eosinophils was significantly decreased after treatment with FTY720, and eosinophils accumulated in the bone marrow. In addition, eosinophils expressed S1P1, S1P3, and S1P4 mRNAs, and their chemotactic response to S1P was abolished by FTY720 as well as by SEW2871. These findings suggest that FTY720 affects the number of eosinophils in both the blood and skin by inhibiting the egress of eosinophils from the bone marrow and thus downmodulating the late-phase reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazunari Sugita
- Department of Dermatology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan.
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