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Maj J, Jankowska-Konsur A, Plomer-Niezgoda E, Sadakierska-Chudy A, Reich A. Altered expression of Bcl-2, c-Myc, H-Ras, K-Ras, and N-Ras does not influence the course of mycosis fungoides. Arch Med Sci 2013; 9:895-8. [PMID: 24273576 PMCID: PMC3832835 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2013.38684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2011] [Revised: 02/21/2012] [Accepted: 03/11/2012] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Data about genetic alterations in mycosis fungoides (MF) are limited and their significance not fully elucidated. The aim of the study was to explore the expression of various oncogenes in MF and to assess their influence on the disease course. MATERIAL AND METHODS Skin biopsies from 27 MF patients (14 with early MF and 13 with advanced disease) and 8 healthy volunteers were analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect Bcl-2, c-Myc, H-Ras, K-Ras and N-Ras expression. All PCR reactions were performed using an Applied Biosystems 7900HT Fast Real-Time PCR System and interpreted using Sequence Detection Systems software which utilizes the comparative delta Ct method. The level of mRNA was normalized to GAPDH expression. All data were analyzed statistically. RESULTS All evaluated oncogenes were found to be expressed in the skin from healthy controls and MF patients. Bcl-2 (-4.2 ±2.2 vs. -2.2 ±1.1; p = 0.01), H-Ras (-3.0 ±3.3 vs. 0.6 ±2.6; p = 0.01) and N-Ras (-3.6 ±2.0 vs. -1.1 ±2.4; p = 0.03) were expressed at significantly lower levels in MF. No relationships between oncogene expression and disease stage, presence of distant metastases and survival were observed (p > 0.05 for all comparisons). CONCLUSIONS The pathogenic role and prognostic significance of analyzed oncogenes in MF seem to be limited and further studies are needed to establish better prognostic factors for patients suffering from MF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Maj
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Alina Jankowska-Konsur
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Plomer-Niezgoda
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Anna Sadakierska-Chudy
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Molecular Techniques Unit, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
- Department of Genetic Diagnostics and Nutrigenomics, Chair of Clinical Biochemistry, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Adam Reich
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
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Maliniemi P, Vincendeau M, Mayer J, Frank O, Hahtola S, Karenko L, Carlsson E, Mallet F, Seifarth W, Leib-Mösch C, Ranki A. Expression of human endogenous retrovirus-w including syncytin-1 in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. PLoS One 2013; 8:e76281. [PMID: 24098463 PMCID: PMC3788054 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0076281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2013] [Accepted: 08/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathomechanism of mycosis fungoides (MF), the most common type of primary cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCLs) and a malignancy of non-recirculating, skin-resident T-cells, is unknown albeit underlying viral infections have been sought for. Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) are ancient retroviral sequences in the human genome and their transcription is often deregulated in cancers. We explored the transcriptional activity of HERV sequences in a total of 34 samples comprising MF and psoriasis skin lesions, as well as corresponding non-malignant skin using a retrovirus-specific microarray and quantitative RT-PCR. To identify active HERV-W loci, we cloned the HERV-W specific RT-PCR products, sequenced the cDNA clones and assigned the sequences to HERV-W loci. Finally, we used immunohistochemistry on MF patient and non-malignant inflammatory skin samples to confirm specific HERV-encoded protein expression. Firstly, a distinct, skin-specific transcription profile consisting of five constitutively active HERV groups was established. Although individual variability was common, HERV-W showed significantly increased transcription in MF lesions compared to clinically intact skin from the same patient. Predominantly transcribed HERV-W loci were found to be located in chromosomes 6q21 and 7q21.2, chromosomal regions typically altered in CTCL. Surprisingly, we also found the expression of 7q21.2/ERVWE1-encoded Syncytin-1 (Env) protein in MF biopsies and expression of Syncytin-1 was seen in malignant lymphocytes, especially in the epidermotropic ones, in 15 of 30 cases studied. Most importantly, no Syncytin-1 expression was detected in inflammatory dermatosis (Lichen ruber planus) with skin-homing, non-malignant T lymphocytes. The expression of ERVWE1 mRNA was further confirmed in 3/7 MF lesions analyzed. Our observations strengthen the association between activated HERVs and cancer. The study offers a new perspective into the pathogenesis of CTCL since we demonstrate that differences in HERV-W transcription levels between lesional MF and non-malignant skin are significant, and that ERVWE1-encoded Syncytin-1 is expressed in MF lymphoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilvi Maliniemi
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- * E-mail:
| | - Michelle Vincendeau
- Institute of Virology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Research Unit Cellular Signal Integration, Institute of Molecular Toxicology and Pharmacology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jens Mayer
- Department of Human Genetics, Center of Human and Molecular Biology, Medical Faculty, University of Saarland, Homburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Frank
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Mannheim Medical Center, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Sonja Hahtola
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Leena Karenko
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Emilia Carlsson
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Francois Mallet
- Joint Unit Hospices Civils de Lyon-bioMérieux, Cancer Biomarkers Research Group, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre Bénite, France
| | - Wolfgang Seifarth
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Mannheim Medical Center, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Christine Leib-Mösch
- Institute of Virology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Mannheim Medical Center, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Annamari Ranki
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Bedewi AEL, Youssef R, Halim DMA, Hegazy RA, Willis W, Miller LM, Sayed SS, Mofty MEL. Biochemical Changes Observed After PUVA Versus PUVA Plus Methotrexate Therapy in Mycosis Fungoides Using Synchrotron Infrared Microspectroscopy. Int J Pept Res Ther 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-012-9336-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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