1
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Ghaemimanesh F, Mehravar M, Milani S, Poursani EM, Saliminejad K. The multifaceted role of sortilin/neurotensin receptor 3 in human cancer development. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:6271-6281. [PMID: 33634506 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Sortilin (also known as neurotensin receptor 3) is a multitasking protein implicated in numerous pathophysiological processes, including cancer development, cardiovascular impairment, Alzheimer-type dementia, and depression. Although the definitive role of sortilin in human solid and hematological malignancies has been evidenced, few articles reviewed the task. The aim of the current review is to unravel the mechanisms by which sortilin controls oncogenicity and cancer progression; and also to summarize and discuss the original data obtained from international research laboratories on this topic. Questions on how sortilin is involving in the impairment of cell junctions, in exosomes composition and release, as well as in the regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor trafficking are also responded. In addition, we provide a special focus on the regulatory role of sortilin in signal transduction by either neurotrophins or neurotensin in normal and malignant cells. The relevance of sortilin with normal and cancer stem cells is also discussed. The last section provides a general overview of sortilin applications as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in the context of cancer detection. Finally, we comment on the future research aspects in which the field of cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy might be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Ghaemimanesh
- Monoclonal Antibody Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Mehravar
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Development and Stem Cells Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Saeideh Milani
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ensieh M Poursani
- Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kioomars Saliminejad
- Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
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2
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Ouyang S, Jia B, Xie W, Yang J, Lv Y. Mechanism underlying the regulation of sortilin expression and its trafficking function. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:8958-8971. [PMID: 32474917 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
This review summarizes and analyzes the updated information on the regulation of sortilin expression and its trafficking function. Evidence indicates that the expression and function of sortilin are closely regulated at four levels: DNA, messenger RNA (mRNA), protein, and trafficking function. DNA methylation, several mutations, and minor single-nucleotide polymorphisms within DNA fragments affect the expression of SORT1 gene. A few transcription factors and microRNAs modulate its transcription as well as the splicing or stability of the mRNA. Moreover, several translation factors control the synthesis of sortilin protein, and posttranslational modifications affect its degradation processes. Multiple adaptor molecules modulate the sortilin trafficking function in the anterograde or retrograde pathway. Recent advances in the regulation of sortilin expression and function, and its related mechanisms will help the ongoing research related to sortilin and promote future clinical application via sortilin intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhui Ouyang
- Department of Anatomy, Clinical Anatomy & Reproductive Medicine Application Institute, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Bo Jia
- Department of Anatomy, Clinical Anatomy & Reproductive Medicine Application Institute, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Wei Xie
- Department of Anatomy, Clinical Anatomy & Reproductive Medicine Application Institute, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Endocrinology of the First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Yuncheng Lv
- Department of Anatomy, Clinical Anatomy & Reproductive Medicine Application Institute, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems Medicine, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
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3
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Gao A, Cayabyab FS, Chen X, Yang J, Wang L, Peng T, Lv Y. Implications of Sortilin in Lipid Metabolism and Lipid Disorder Diseases. DNA Cell Biol 2017; 36:1050-1061. [DOI: 10.1089/dna.2017.3853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anbo Gao
- Clinical Anatomy & Reproductive Medicine Application Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Francisco S. Cayabyab
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Xi Chen
- Clinical Anatomy & Reproductive Medicine Application Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Metabolism & Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Li Wang
- Clinical Anatomy & Reproductive Medicine Application Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Tianhong Peng
- Clinical Anatomy & Reproductive Medicine Application Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Yuncheng Lv
- Clinical Anatomy & Reproductive Medicine Application Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
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4
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Yuan XH, Yao C, Oh JH, Park CH, Tian YD, Han M, Kim JE, Chung JH, Jin ZH, Lee DH. Vasoactive intestinal peptide stimulates melanogenesis in B16F10 mouse melanoma cells via CREB/MITF/tyrosinase signaling. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 477:336-42. [PMID: 27343558 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.06.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), one of the major skin neuropeptides, has been suggested to have active roles in the pathogenesis of inflammatory skin disorders such as atopic dermatitis and psoriasis, which can commonly cause post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation. However, the effect of VIP on melanogenesis remains unknown. In this study, we showed that the melanin contents, tyrosinase activity, and gene expression of tyrosinase and microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) were significantly increased by treatment with VIP in B16F10 mouse melanoma cells and the stimulatory melanogenic effect was further examined in human epidermal melanocytes (HEMns). In addition, phosphorylated levels of CRE-binding protein (CREB) and protein kinase A (PKA) were markedly increased after VIP treatment, but not p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), or Akt, indicating the possible PKA-CREB signaling pathway involved in VIP-induced melanogenesis. This result was further verified by the fact that VIP induced increased melanin synthesis, and protein levels of phosphorylated CREB, MITF, tyrosinase were significantly attenuated by H89 (a specific PKA inhibitor). These data suggest that VIP-induced upregulation of tyrosinase through the CREB-MITF signaling pathway plays an important role in finding new treatment strategy for skin inflammatory diseases related pigmentation disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Hua Yuan
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 110-744, Republic of Korea; Department of Dermatology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, 133000, Jilin, China; Laboratory of Cutaneous Aging Research, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 110-744, Republic of Korea; Institute of Human-Environment Interface Biology, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, 110-744, Republic of Korea.
| | - Cheng Yao
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 110-744, Republic of Korea; Laboratory of Cutaneous Aging Research, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 110-744, Republic of Korea; Institute of Human-Environment Interface Biology, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, 110-744, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, 110-744, Republic of Korea
| | - Jang-Hee Oh
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 110-744, Republic of Korea; Laboratory of Cutaneous Aging Research, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 110-744, Republic of Korea; Institute of Human-Environment Interface Biology, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, 110-744, Republic of Korea
| | - Chi-Hyun Park
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 110-744, Republic of Korea; Laboratory of Cutaneous Aging Research, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 110-744, Republic of Korea; Institute of Human-Environment Interface Biology, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, 110-744, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Dan Tian
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 110-744, Republic of Korea; Laboratory of Cutaneous Aging Research, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 110-744, Republic of Korea; Institute of Human-Environment Interface Biology, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, 110-744, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, 110-744, Republic of Korea
| | - Mira Han
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 110-744, Republic of Korea; Laboratory of Cutaneous Aging Research, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 110-744, Republic of Korea; Institute of Human-Environment Interface Biology, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, 110-744, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, 110-744, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Eun Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 110-744, Republic of Korea; Laboratory of Cutaneous Aging Research, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 110-744, Republic of Korea; Institute of Human-Environment Interface Biology, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, 110-744, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Ho Chung
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 110-744, Republic of Korea; Laboratory of Cutaneous Aging Research, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 110-744, Republic of Korea; Institute of Human-Environment Interface Biology, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, 110-744, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, 110-744, Republic of Korea
| | - Zhe-Hu Jin
- Department of Dermatology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, 133000, Jilin, China.
| | - Dong Hun Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 110-744, Republic of Korea; Laboratory of Cutaneous Aging Research, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 110-744, Republic of Korea; Institute of Human-Environment Interface Biology, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, 110-744, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, 110-744, Republic of Korea.
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5
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Roselli S, Pundavela J, Demont Y, Faulkner S, Keene S, Attia J, Jiang CC, Zhang XD, Walker MM, Hondermarck H. Sortilin is associated with breast cancer aggressiveness and contributes to tumor cell adhesion and invasion. Oncotarget 2016; 6:10473-86. [PMID: 25871389 PMCID: PMC4496368 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The neuronal membrane protein sortilin has been reported in a few cancer cell lines, but its expression and impact in human tumors is unclear. In this study, sortilin was analyzed by immunohistochemistry in a series of 318 clinically annotated breast cancers and 53 normal breast tissues. Sortilin was detected in epithelial cells, with increased levels in cancers, as compared to normal tissues (p = 0.0088). It was found in 79% of invasive ductal carcinomas and 54% of invasive lobular carcinomas (p < 0.0001). There was an association between sortilin expression and lymph node involvement (p = 0.0093), suggesting a relationship with metastatic potential. In cell culture, sortilin levels were higher in cancer cell lines compared to non-tumorigenic breast epithelial cells and siRNA knockdown of sortilin inhibited cancer cell adhesion, while proliferation and apoptosis were not affected. Breast cancer cell migration and invasion were also inhibited by sortilin knockdown, with a decrease in focal adhesion kinase and SRC phosphorylation. In conclusion, sortilin participates in breast tumor aggressiveness and may constitute a new therapeutic target against tumor cell invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Séverine Roselli
- School of Biomedical Sciences & Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan NSW 2308, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, New Lambton NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Jay Pundavela
- School of Biomedical Sciences & Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan NSW 2308, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, New Lambton NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Yohann Demont
- INSERM U908, IFR-147, Universite Lille 1, Villeneuve d'Ascq 59655, France.,INSERM U1138, Equipe 11, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris 75006, France
| | - Sam Faulkner
- School of Biomedical Sciences & Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan NSW 2308, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, New Lambton NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Sheridan Keene
- School of Biomedical Sciences & Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan NSW 2308, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, New Lambton NSW 2305, Australia
| | - John Attia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, New Lambton NSW 2305, Australia.,School of Public Health & Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Chen Chen Jiang
- School of Biomedical Sciences & Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan NSW 2308, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, New Lambton NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Xu Dong Zhang
- School of Biomedical Sciences & Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan NSW 2308, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, New Lambton NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Marjorie M Walker
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, New Lambton NSW 2305, Australia.,School of Public Health & Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Hubert Hondermarck
- School of Biomedical Sciences & Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan NSW 2308, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, New Lambton NSW 2305, Australia
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