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Neill B, Romero AR, Fenton OS. Advances in Nonviral mRNA Delivery Materials and Their Application as Vaccines for Melanoma Therapy. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023:10.1021/acsabm.3c00721. [PMID: 37930174 PMCID: PMC11220486 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines are promising platforms for cancer immunotherapy because of their potential to encode for a variety of tumor antigens, high tolerability, and capacity to induce strong antitumor immune responses. However, the clinical translation of mRNA cancer vaccines can be hindered by the inefficient delivery of mRNA in vivo. In this review, we provide an overview of mRNA cancer vaccines by discussing their utility in treating melanoma. Specifically, we begin our review by describing the barriers that can impede mRNA delivery to target cells. We then review native mRNA structure and discuss various modification methods shown to enhance mRNA stability and transfection. Next, we outline the advantages and challenges of three nonviral carrier platforms (lipid nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles, and lipopolyplexes) frequently used for mRNA delivery. Last, we summarize preclinical and clinical studies that have investigated nonviral mRNA vaccines for the treatment of melanoma. In writing this review, we aim to highlight innovative nonviral strategies designed to address mRNA delivery challenges while emphasizing the exciting potential of mRNA vaccines as next-generation therapies for the treatment of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bevin Neill
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Adriana Retamales Romero
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Owen S. Fenton
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
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2
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Chang YT, Huang TH, Alalaiwe A, Hwang E, Fang JY. Small interfering RNA-based nanotherapeutics for treating skin-related diseases. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2023:1-16. [PMID: 37088710 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2023.2206646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION RNA interference (RNAi) has demonstrated great potential in treating skin-related diseases, as small interfering RNA (siRNA) can efficiently silence specific genes. The design of skin delivery systems for siRNA is important to protect the nucleic acid while facilitating both skin targeting and cellular ingestion. Entrapment of siRNA into nanocarriers can accomplish these aims, contributing to improved targeting, controlled release, and increased transfection. AREAS COVERED The siRNA-based nanotherapeutics for treating skin disorders are summarized. First, the mechanisms of RNAi are presented, followed by the introduction of challenges for skin therapy. Then, the different nanoparticle types used for siRNA skin delivery are described. Subsequently, we introduce the mechanisms of how nanoparticles enhance siRNA skin penetration. Finally, the current investigations associated with nanoparticulate siRNA application in skin disease management are reviewed. EXPERT OPINION The potential application of nanotherapeutic RNAi allows for a novel skin application strategy. Further clinical studies are required to confirm the findings in the cell-based or animal experiments. The capability of large-scale production and reproducibility of nanoparticle products are also critical for translation to commercialization. siRNA delivery by nanocarriers should be optimized to attain cutaneous targeting without the risk of toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Tzu Chang
- Pharmaceutics Laboratory, Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tse-Hung Huang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou and Keelung, Taiwan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety and Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Graduate Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Ahmed Alalaiwe
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Erica Hwang
- Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Jia-You Fang
- Pharmaceutics Laboratory, Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety and Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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3
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Solidum JGN, Ceriales JA, Ong EP, Ornos EDB, Relador RJL, Quebral EPB, Lapeña JFF, Tantengco OAG, Lee KY. Nanomedicine and nanoparticle-based delivery systems in plastic and reconstructive surgery. Maxillofac Plast Reconstr Surg 2023; 45:15. [PMID: 36995508 PMCID: PMC10060935 DOI: 10.1186/s40902-023-00383-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nanotechnology and nanomedicine are rising novel fields in plastic and reconstructive surgery (PRS). The use of nanomaterials often goes with regenerative medicine. Due to their nanoscale, these materials stimulate repair at the cellular and molecular levels. Nanomaterials may be placed as components of nanocomposite polymers allowing enhancement of overall biochemical and biomechanical properties with improved scaffold properties, cellular attachment, and tissue regeneration. They may also be formulated as nanoparticle-based delivery systems for controlled release of signal factors or antimicrobials, for example. However, more studies on nanoparticle-based delivery systems still need to be done in this field. Nanomaterials are also used as frameworks for nerves, tendons, and other soft tissues. MAIN BODY In this mini-review, we focus on nanoparticle-based delivery systems and nanoparticles targeting cells for response and regeneration in PRS. Specifically, we investigate their roles in various tissue regeneration, skin and wound healing, and infection control. Cell surface-targeted, controlled-release, and inorganic nanoparticle formulations with inherent biological properties have enabled enhanced wound healing, tumor visualization/imaging, tissue viability, and decreased infection, and graft/transplantation rejection through immunosuppression. CONCLUSIONS Nanomedicine is also now being applied with electronics, theranostics, and advanced bioengineering technologies. Overall, it is a promising field that can improve patient clinical outcomes in PRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jea Giezl N Solidum
- MD-PhD (Molecular Medicine) Program, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Ermita, Manila, 1000, Philippines
| | - Jeremy A Ceriales
- MD-PhD (Molecular Medicine) Program, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Ermita, Manila, 1000, Philippines
| | - Erika P Ong
- College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Ermita, Manila, 1000, Philippines
| | - Eric David B Ornos
- MD-PhD (Molecular Medicine) Program, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Ermita, Manila, 1000, Philippines
| | - Ruth Joy L Relador
- MD-PhD (Molecular Medicine) Program, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Ermita, Manila, 1000, Philippines
| | - Elgin Paul B Quebral
- MD-PhD (Molecular Medicine) Program, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Ermita, Manila, 1000, Philippines
| | - Jose Florencio F Lapeña
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Craniomaxillofacial Plastic and Restorative Surgery, College of Medicine - Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines Manila, Ermita, Manila, 1000, Philippines
| | - Ourlad Alzeus G Tantengco
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Ermita, Manila, 1000, Philippines.
- Department of Biology, College of Science, De La Salle University, Manila, 1004, Philippines.
| | - Ka Yiu Lee
- Swedish Winter Sports Research Centre, Department of Health Sciences, Mid Sweden University, Östersund, Sweden.
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4
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Weber LI, Hartl M. Strategies to target the cancer driver MYC in tumor cells. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1142111. [PMID: 36969025 PMCID: PMC10032378 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1142111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The MYC oncoprotein functions as a master regulator of cellular transcription and executes non-transcriptional tasks relevant to DNA replication and cell cycle regulation, thereby interacting with multiple proteins. MYC is required for fundamental cellular processes triggering proliferation, growth, differentiation, or apoptosis and also represents a major cancer driver being aberrantly activated in most human tumors. Due to its non-enzymatic biochemical functions and largely unstructured surface, MYC has remained difficult for specific inhibitor compounds to directly address, and consequently, alternative approaches leading to indirect MYC inhibition have evolved. Nowadays, multiple organic compounds, nucleic acids, or peptides specifically interfering with MYC activities are in preclinical or early-stage clinical studies, but none of them have been approved so far for the pharmacological treatment of cancer patients. In addition, specific and efficient delivery technologies to deliver MYC-inhibiting agents into MYC-dependent tumor cells are just beginning to emerge. In this review, an overview of direct and indirect MYC-inhibiting agents and their modes of MYC inhibition is given. Furthermore, we summarize current possibilities to deliver appropriate drugs into cancer cells containing derailed MYC using viral vectors or appropriate nanoparticles. Finding the right formulation to target MYC-dependent cancers and to achieve a high intracellular concentration of compounds blocking or attenuating oncogenic MYC activities could be as important as the development of novel MYC-inhibiting principles.
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5
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Nanoparticles for Topical Application in the Treatment of Skin Dysfunctions-An Overview of Dermo-Cosmetic and Dermatological Products. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415980. [PMID: 36555619 PMCID: PMC9780930 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanomaterials (NM) arouse interest in various fields of science and industry due to their composition-tunable properties and the ease of modification. They appear currently as components of many consumer products such as sunscreen, dressings, sports clothes, surface-cleaning agents, computer devices, paints, as well as pharmaceutical and cosmetics formulations. The use of NPs in products for topical applications improves the permeation/penetration of the bioactive compounds into deeper layers of the skin, providing a depot effect with sustained drug release and specific cellular and subcellular targeting. Nanocarriers provide advances in dermatology and systemic treatments. Examples are a non-invasive method of vaccination, advanced diagnostic techniques, and transdermal drug delivery. The mechanism of action of NPs, efficiency of skin penetration, and potential threat to human health are still open and not fully explained. This review gives a brief outline of the latest nanotechnology achievements in products used in topical applications to prevent and treat skin diseases. We highlighted aspects such as the penetration of NPs through the skin (influence of physical-chemical properties of NPs, the experimental models for skin penetration, methods applied to improve the penetration of NPs through the skin, and methods applied to investigate the skin penetration by NPs). The review summarizes various therapies using NPs to diagnose and treat skin diseases (melanoma, acne, alopecia, vitiligo, psoriasis) and anti-aging and UV-protectant nano-cosmetics.
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Li B, Tan T, Chu W, Zhang Y, Ye Y, Wang S, Qin Y, Tang J, Cao X. Co-delivery of paclitaxel (PTX) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) by targeting lipid nanoemulsions for cancer therapy. Drug Deliv 2022; 29:75-88. [PMID: 34964421 PMCID: PMC8735879 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2021.2018523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most common types of cancer in female patients with high morbidity and mortality. Multi-drug chemotherapy has significant advantages in the treatment of malignant tumors, especially in reducing drug toxicity, increasing drug sensitivity and reducing drug resistance. The objective of this research is to fabricate lipid nanoemulsions (LNs) for the co-delivery of PTX and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) with folic acid (FA) decorating (PTX/DHA-FA-LNs), and investigate the anti-tumor activity of the PTX/DHA-FA-LNs against breast cancer both in vitro and in vivo. PTX/DHA-FA-LNs showed a steady release of PTX and DHA from the drug delivery system (DDS) without any burst effect. Furthermore, the PTX/DHA-FA-LNs exhibited a dose-dependent cytotoxicity and a higher rate of apoptosis as compared with the other groups in MCF-7 cells. The cellular uptake study revealed that this LNs were more readily uptaken by MCF-7 cells and M2 macrophages in vitro. Additionally, the targeted effect of PTX/DHA-FA-LNs was aided by FA receptor-mediated endocytosis, and its cytotoxicity was proportional to the cellular uptake efficiency. The anti-tumor efficiency results showed that PTX/DHA-FA-LNs significant inhibited tumor volume growth, prolonged survival time, and reduced toxicity when compared with the other groups. These results indicated that DHA increases the sensitivity of tumor cells and tumor-associated macrophages (ATM2) to PTX, and synergistic effects of folate modification in breast cancer treatment, thus PTX/DHA-FA-LNs may be a promising nanocarrier for breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
- The Grade 3 Pharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tingfei Tan
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
- The Grade 3 Pharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weiwei Chu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
- The Grade 3 Pharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yuanzi Ye
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
- The Grade 3 Pharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Qin
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jihui Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xi Cao
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
- The Grade 3 Pharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
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7
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Okusha Y, Guerrero-Gimenez ME, Lang BJ, Borges TJ, Stevenson MA, Truman AW, Calderwood SK. MicroRNA-570 targets the HSP chaperone network, increases proteotoxic stress and inhibits mammary tumor cell migration. Sci Rep 2022; 12:15582. [PMID: 36114410 PMCID: PMC9481609 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19533-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The dynamic network of chaperone interactions known as the chaperome contributes significantly to the proteotoxic cell response and the malignant phenotype. To bypass the inherent redundancy in the network, we have used a microRNA (mir) approach to target multiple members of the chaperome simultaneously. We identified a potent microRNA, miR-570 that could bind the 3'untranslated regions of multiple HSP mRNAs and inhibit HSP synthesis. Transfection of cells with this miR species reduced expression of multiple HSPs, inhibited the heat shock response and reduced tumor cell growth while acted additively in combination with cytotoxic drugs. As overexpression of miR-570 elicited tumor suppressive effects, we inferred that this miR could play a potential role in inhibiting tumorigenesis and cancer cell growth. In accordance with this hypothesis, we determined a significant role for miR-570 in regulating markers of mammary tumor progression, including cell motility and invasion. Our data provide a proof of the principle that the tumor chaperome can be targeted by microRNAs suggesting a potential therapeutic avenue towards cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Okusha
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA. .,JSPS Overseas Research Fellow, Tokyo, 102-0083, Japan.
| | - Martin E. Guerrero-Gimenez
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XBeth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215 USA ,grid.412108.e0000 0001 2185 5065Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, School of Medicine, National University of Cuyo, 5500 Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Benjamin J. Lang
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XBeth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215 USA
| | - Thiago J. Borges
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XCenter for Transplantation Sciences, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129 USA
| | - Mary A. Stevenson
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XBeth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215 USA
| | - Andrew W. Truman
- grid.266859.60000 0000 8598 2218Department of Biological Sciences, The University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223 USA
| | - Stuart K. Calderwood
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XBeth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215 USA
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8
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De Marco I. Supercritical Fluids and Nanoparticles in Cancer Therapy. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:1449. [PMID: 36144072 PMCID: PMC9503529 DOI: 10.3390/mi13091449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles are widely used in the pharmaceutical industry due to their high surface-to-volume ratio. Among the many techniques used to obtain nanoparticles, those based on supercritical fluids ensure reduced dimensions, narrow particle size distributions, and a very low or zero solvent residue in the powders. This review focuses on using supercritical carbon dioxide-based processes to obtain the nanoparticles of compounds used for the treatment or prevention of cancer. The scientific literature papers have been classified into two groups: nanoparticles consisting of a single active principle ingredient (API) and carrier/API nanopowders. Various supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) based techniques for obtaining the nanoparticles were considered, along with the operating conditions and advantages and disadvantages of each process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iolanda De Marco
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy;
- Research Centre for Biomaterials BIONAM, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
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9
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Chen F, Geng Z, Wang L, Zhou Y, Liu J. Biomimetic Nanoparticles Enabled by Cascade Cell Membrane Coating for Direct Cross-Priming of T Cells. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2104402. [PMID: 34837321 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202104402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Despite the activation of T lymphocytes by antigen-presenting cells being responsible for eliciting antigen-specific immune responses, their crosstalking suffers from temporospatial limitations and endogenous influencing factors, which restrict the generation of a strong antitumor immunity. Here, cascade cell membrane coating is reported to prepare biomimetic nanoparticles (BNs) that can manipulate the cross-priming of T cells. BNs are obtained from coating nanoparticulate substrates with cell membranes extracted from dendritic cells (DCs) that are pre-pulsed with cancer cell membrane-coated nanoparticles. With a DC membrane that presents an array of cancer cell membrane antigen epitopes, BNs inherit the intrinsic membrane function of DCs, which can directly cross-prime T cells and provoke robust yet antigen-specific antitumor responses in multiple mouse models. Combination with clinical anti-programmed death-1 antibodies demonstrates a robust way of BNs to achieve desirable tumor regression and survival rate. This work spotlights the impact of nanoparticles on direct cross-priming of T cells and supports a unique yet modulate platform for boosting an effective adaptive immunity for immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangjie Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Zhongmin Geng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Jinyao Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
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10
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Systematic Review of Cancer Targeting by Nanoparticles Revealed a Global Association between Accumulation in Tumors and Spleen. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222313011. [PMID: 34884816 PMCID: PMC8657629 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222313011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Active targeting of nanoparticles toward tumors is one of the most rapidly developing topics in nanomedicine. Typically, this strategy involves the addition of cancer-targeting biomolecules to nanoparticles, and studies on this topic have mainly focused on the localization of such formulations in tumors. Here, the analysis of the factors determining efficient nanoparticle targeting and therapy, various parameters such as types of targeting molecules, nanoparticle type, size, zeta potential, dose, and the circulation time are given. In addition, the important aspects such as how active targeting of nanoparticles alters biodistribution and how non-specific organ uptake influences tumor accumulation of the targeted nanoformulations are discussed. The analysis reveals that an increase in tumor accumulation of targeted nanoparticles is accompanied by a decrease in their uptake by the spleen. There is no association between targeting-induced changes of nanoparticle concentrations in tumors and other organs. The correlation between uptake in tumors and depletion in the spleen is significant for mice with intact immune systems in contrast to nude mice. Noticeably, modulation of splenic and tumor accumulation depends on the targeting molecules and nanoparticle type. The median survival increases with the targeting-induced nanoparticle accumulation in tumors; moreover, combinatorial targeting of nanoparticle drugs demonstrates higher treatment efficiencies. Results of the comprehensive analysis show optimal strategies to enhance the efficiency of actively targeted nanoparticle-based medicines.
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11
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Khabazian E, Vakhshiteh F, Norouzi P, Fatahi Y, Dinarvand R, Atyabi F. Cationic Liposome Decorated with Cyclic RGD Peptide for Targeted Delivery of anti-STAT3 siRNA to Melanoma Cancer Cells. J Drug Target 2021; 30:522-533. [PMID: 34482780 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2021.1973481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Gene therapy is regarded as a valuable strategy for efficient cancer treatment. However, the design of effective delivery systems that can deliver gene materials such as siRNA specifically to the tumour tissues plays a pivotal role in cancer therapy. For this reason, a targeted cationic liposome for melanoma treatment was developed. This system consists of cyclic RGD peptide conjugated to DSPE-PEG2000, cholesterol, DOTAP, and DSPC as cationic and neutral lipids, respectively. Cyclic RGD was selected based on speculation that cyclic RGD would effectively transport anti-signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) siRNA into melanoma cell via integrin receptors. The prepared liposomes provided excellent stability against electrolyte and serum nucleases. Targeted liposomes remarkably exhibited higher cellular internalisation in comparison with the non-targeted system in flow cytometry and confocal microscopy. Furthermore, incorporating peptide on the surface of liposomes resulted in considerably high cytotoxicity, a 2.1-times raise in apoptosis induction, and a significantly enhanced STAT3 gene suppression as compared with the corresponding non-targeted formulation on B16F10 murine melanoma cells. Whole-body imaging confirmed the more significant tumour accumulation of targeted liposomes in B16F10 melanoma xenograft tumour-bearing mice. Consequently, c-RGD peptide modified liposome suggests a promising option for specific siRNA delivery into melanoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Khabazian
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 1417614411, Tehran, Iran
| | - Faezeh Vakhshiteh
- Nanotechnology Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parisa Norouzi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 1417614411, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yousef Fatahi
- Nanotechnology Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rassoul Dinarvand
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 1417614411, Tehran, Iran.,Nanotechnology Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Atyabi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 1417614411, Tehran, Iran.,Nanotechnology Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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12
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Mecozzi N, Vera O, Karreth FA. Squaring the circle: circRNAs in melanoma. Oncogene 2021; 40:5559-5566. [PMID: 34331015 PMCID: PMC8521449 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-01977-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs are emerging as critical molecules in the genesis, progression, and therapy resistance of cutaneous melanoma. This includes circular RNAs (circRNAs), a class of non-coding RNAs with distinct characteristics that forms through non-canonical back-splicing. In this review, we summarize the features and functions of circRNAs and introduce the current knowledge of the roles of circRNAs in melanoma. We also highlight the various mechanisms of action of the well-studied circRNA CDR1as and describe how it acts as a melanoma tumor suppressor. We further discuss the utility of circRNAs as biomarkers, therapeutic targets, and therapeutic agents in melanoma and outline challenges that must be overcome to comprehensively characterize circRNA functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicol Mecozzi
- Department of Molecular Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Olga Vera
- Department of Molecular Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Florian A Karreth
- Department of Molecular Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA.
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13
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Rehman TU, Bratlie KM. Improving selective targeting to cancer-associated fibroblasts by modifying liposomes with arginine based materials. J Drug Target 2021; 30:94-107. [PMID: 34116612 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2021.1941059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
A library of arginine-like surface modifiers was tested to improve the targetability of DOPE:DOPC liposomes towards myofibroblasts in a tumour microenvironment. Liposomes were characterised using zeta potential and dynamic light scattering. Cell viability remained unchanged for all liposomes. Liposomes were encapsulated using doxorubicin (DOX) with an encapsulation efficiency >94%. The toxicity of DOX-loaded liposomes was calculated via half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) for fibroblasts and myofibroblasts. These liposomes resulted in significantly lower IC50-values for myofibroblasts compared to fibroblasts, making them more toxic towards the myofibroblasts. Furthermore, a significant increase in cell internalisation was observed for myofibroblasts compared to fibroblasts, using fluorescein-loaded liposomes. Most importantly, a novel regression model was constructed to predict the IC50-values for different modifications using their physicochemical properties. Fourteen modifications (A-N) were used to train and validate this model; subsequently, this regression model predicted IC50-values for three new modifications (O, P and Q) for both fibroblasts and myofibroblasts. Predicted and measured IC50-values showed no significant difference for fibroblasts. For myofibroblasts, modification O showed no significant difference. This study demonstrates that the tested surface modifications can improve targeting to myofibroblasts in the presence of fibroblasts and hence are suitable drug delivery vehicles for myofibroblasts in a tumour microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanzeel Ur Rehman
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Kaitlin M Bratlie
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA.,Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
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Tian Y, Zeng J, Yang Z. MicroRNA-27b inhibits the development of melanoma by targeting MYC. Oncol Lett 2021; 21:370. [PMID: 33747226 PMCID: PMC7967934 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous malignant melanoma is a malignancy with one of the fastest increasing incidence rates worldwide; however, the mechanism underlying the occurrence and development of melanoma remains unclear. The aim of the present study was to identify novel biomarkers for the occurrence and development of melanoma. The results of the present study demonstrated that the expression levels of microRNA (miR)-27b were decreased in melanoma tissue samples compared with those in adjacent noncancerous tissue samples and cells according to online and experimental data. By contrast, MYC expression levels were upregulated in melanoma compared with those in adjacent noncancerous tissue samples. miR-27b overexpression significantly inhibited A375 and A2085 melanoma cell DNA synthesis, viability and invasive ability. Dual-luciferase reporter assay results demonstrated that miR-27b inhibited MYC expression through binding to the 3′-untranslated region of MYC mRNA. MYC knockdown in melanoma cells exerted similar effects to those of miR-27b overexpression on DNA synthesis, cell viability and invasive ability; the effects of miR-27b inhibition were significantly reversed by MYC knockdown. In conclusion, the miR-27b/MYC axis may modulate malignant melanoma cell biological behaviors and may be a potential target for melanoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Tian
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410005, P.R. China
| | - Juanni Zeng
- Department of Anorectal Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410005, P.R. China
| | - Zongliang Yang
- Department of Anorectal Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410005, P.R. China
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Charbe NB, Amnerkar ND, Ramesh B, Tambuwala MM, Bakshi HA, Aljabali AA, Khadse SC, Satheeshkumar R, Satija S, Metha M, Chellappan DK, Shrivastava G, Gupta G, Negi P, Dua K, Zacconi FC. Small interfering RNA for cancer treatment: overcoming hurdles in delivery. Acta Pharm Sin B 2020; 10:2075-2109. [PMID: 33304780 PMCID: PMC7714980 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2020.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In many ways, cancer cells are different from healthy cells. A lot of tactical nano-based drug delivery systems are based on the difference between cancer and healthy cells. Currently, nanotechnology-based delivery systems are the most promising tool to deliver DNA-based products to cancer cells. This review aims to highlight the latest development in the lipids and polymeric nanocarrier for siRNA delivery to the cancer cells. It also provides the necessary information about siRNA development and its mechanism of action. Overall, this review gives us a clear picture of lipid and polymer-based drug delivery systems, which in the future could form the base to translate the basic siRNA biology into siRNA-based cancer therapies.
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Key Words
- 1,3-propanediol, PEG-b-PDMAEMA-b-Ppy
- 2-propylacrylicacid, PAH-b-PDMAPMA-b-PAH
- APOB, apolipoprotein B
- AQP-5, aquaporin-5
- AZEMA, azidoethyl methacrylate
- Atufect01, β-l-arginyl-2,3-l-diaminopropionicacid-N-palmityl-N-oleyl-amide trihydrochloride
- AuNPs, gold nanoparticles
- B-PEI, branched polyethlenimine
- BMA, butyl methacrylate
- CFTR, cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene
- CHEMS, cholesteryl hemisuccinate
- CHOL, cholesterol
- CMC, critical micelles concentration
- Cancer
- DC-Chol, 3β-[N-(N′,N′-dimethylaminoethane)carbamoyl]cholesterol
- DMAEMA, 2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate
- DNA, deoxyribonucleic acid
- DOPC, dioleylphosphatidyl choline
- DOPE, dioleylphosphatidyl ethanolamine
- DOTAP, N-[1-(2,3-dioleoyloxy)propyl]-N,N,N-trimethylammonium methyl-sulfate
- DOTMA, N-[1-(2,3-dioleyloxy)propy]-N,N,N-trimethylammoniumchloride
- DOX, doxorubicin
- DSGLA, N,N-dis-tearyl-N-methyl-N-2[N′-(N2-guanidino-l-lysinyl)] aminoethylammonium chloride
- DSPC, 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
- DSPE, 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylethanolamine
- DSPE-MPEG, 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-[methoxy(polyethylene glycol)-2000] (ammonium salt)
- DSPE-PEG-Mal: 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-[maleimide(polyethylene glycol)-2000] (mmmonium salt), EPR
- Liposomes
- Micelles
- N-acetylgalactosamine, HIF-1α
- Nanomedicine
- PE-PCL-b-PNVCL, pentaerythritol polycaprolactone-block-poly(N-vinylcaprolactam)
- PLA, poly-l-arginine
- PLGA, poly lactic-co-glycolic acid
- PLK-1, polo-like kinase 1
- PLL, poly-l-lysine
- PPES-b-PEO-b-PPES, poly(4-(phenylethynyl)styrene)-block-PEO-block-poly(4-(phenylethynyl)styrene)
- PTX, paclitaxel
- PiRNA, piwi-interacting RNA
- Polymer
- RES, reticuloendothelial system
- RGD, Arg-Gly-Asp peptide
- RISC, RNA-induced silencing complex
- RNA, ribonucleic acid
- RNAi, RNA interference
- RNAse III, ribonuclease III enzyme
- SEM, scanning electron microscope
- SNALP, stable nucleic acid-lipid particles
- SiRNA, short interfering rNA
- Small interfering RNA (siRNA)
- S–Au, thio‒gold
- TCC, transitional cell carcinoma
- TEM, transmission electron microscopy
- Tf, transferrin
- Trka, tropomyosin receptor kinase A
- USPIO, ultra-small superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles
- UV, ultraviolet
- VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor
- ZEBOV, Zaire ebola virus
- enhanced permeability and retention, Galnac
- hypoxia-inducible factor-1α, KSP
- kinesin spindle protein, LDI
- lipid-protamine-DNA/hyaluronic acid, MDR
- lysine ethyl ester diisocyanate, LPD/LPH
- messenger RNA, MTX
- methotrexate, NIR
- methoxy polyethylene glycol-polycaprolactone, mRNA
- methoxypoly(ethylene glycol), MPEG-PCL
- micro RNA, MPEG
- multiple drug resistance, MiRNA
- nanoparticle, NRP-1
- near-infrared, NP
- neuropilin-1, PAA
- poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide), PDO
- poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide), pentaerythritol polycaprolactone-block-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)
- poly(acrylhydrazine)-block-poly(3-dimethylaminopropyl methacrylamide)-block-poly(acrylhydrazine), PCL
- poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate)-block poly(pyrenylmethyl methacrylate), PEG-b-PLL
- poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(l-lysine), PEI
- poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly(2-(diethylamino)ethyl methacrylate)-stat-poly(methoxyethyl methacrylate), PEO-b-PCL
- poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly(Ε-caprolactone), PE-PCL-b-PNIPAM
- poly(Ε-caprolactone), PCL-PEG
- poly(Ε-caprolactone)-polyethyleneglycol-poly(l-histidine), PCL-PEI
- polycaprolactone-polyethyleneglycol, PCL-PEG-PHIS
- polycaprolactone-polyethylenimine, PDMA
- polyethylenimine, PEO-b-P(DEA-Stat-MEMA
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitin Bharat Charbe
- Departamento de Quimica Orgánica, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
- Sri Adichunchunagiri College of Pharmacy, Sri Adichunchunagiri University, BG Nagar, Karnataka 571418, India
| | - Nikhil D. Amnerkar
- Adv V. R. Manohar Institute of Diploma in Pharmacy, Nagpur, Maharashtra 441110, India
| | - B. Ramesh
- Sri Adichunchunagiri College of Pharmacy, Sri Adichunchunagiri University, BG Nagar, Karnataka 571418, India
| | - Murtaza M. Tambuwala
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland BT52 1SA, UK
| | - Hamid A. Bakshi
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland BT52 1SA, UK
| | - Alaa A.A. Aljabali
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Yarmouk University, Irbid 21163, Jordan
| | - Saurabh C. Khadse
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, R.C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Dist. Dhule, Maharashtra 425 405, India
| | - Rajendran Satheeshkumar
- Departamento de Quimica Orgánica, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
| | - Saurabh Satija
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411 Punjab, India
| | - Meenu Metha
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411 Punjab, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar Chellappan
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Garima Shrivastava
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, Jaipur 302017, India
| | - Poonam Negi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, India
| | - Kamal Dua
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, India
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute (HMRI) and School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Flavia C. Zacconi
- Departamento de Quimica Orgánica, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
- Institute for Biological and Medical Engineering, Schools of Engineering, Medicine and Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 4860, Chile
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Elkhoury K, Koçak P, Kang A, Arab-Tehrany E, Ellis Ward J, Shin SR. Engineering Smart Targeting Nanovesicles and Their Combination with Hydrogels for Controlled Drug Delivery. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E849. [PMID: 32906833 PMCID: PMC7559099 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12090849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Smart engineered and naturally derived nanovesicles, capable of targeting specific tissues and cells and delivering bioactive molecules and drugs into them, are becoming important drug delivery systems. Liposomes stand out among different types of self-assembled nanovesicles, because of their amphiphilicity and non-toxic nature. By modifying their surfaces, liposomes can become stimulus-responsive, releasing their cargo on demand. Recently, the recognized role of exosomes in cell-cell communication and their ability to diffuse through tissues to find target cells have led to an increase in their usage as smart delivery systems. Moreover, engineering "smarter" delivery systems can be done by creating hybrid exosome-liposome nanocarriers via membrane fusion. These systems can be loaded in naturally derived hydrogels to achieve sustained and controlled drug delivery. Here, the focus is on evaluating the smart behavior of liposomes and exosomes, the fabrication of hybrid exosome-liposome nanovesicles, and the controlled delivery and routes of administration of a hydrogel matrix for drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Elkhoury
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; (K.E.); (P.K.); (A.K.)
- LIBio, University of Lorraine, F-54000 Nancy, France;
| | - Polen Koçak
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; (K.E.); (P.K.); (A.K.)
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Yeditepe University, TR-34755 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Alex Kang
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; (K.E.); (P.K.); (A.K.)
| | | | - Jennifer Ellis Ward
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
| | - Su Ryon Shin
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; (K.E.); (P.K.); (A.K.)
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Liu J, Wu Y, Fu C, Li B, Li L, Zhang R, Xu T, Xu ZP. Charge Reversion Simultaneously Enhances Tumor Accumulation and Cell Uptake of Layered Double Hydroxide Nanohybrids for Effective Imaging and Therapy. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e2002115. [PMID: 32608187 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202002115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Nanotheranostics have been actively sought in precision nanomedicine in recent years. However, insufficient tumor accumulation and limited cell uptake often impede the nanotheranostic efficacy. Herein, pH-sensitive charge-reversible polymer-coated layered double hydroxide (LDH) nanohybrids are devised to possess long circulation in blood but reserve surface charges in the weakly acidic tumor tissue to re-expose therapeutic LDH nanoparticles for enhanced tumor accumulation and cell uptake. In vitro experimental data demonstrate that charge-reversible nanohybrids mitigate the cell uptake in physiological conditions (pH 7.4), but remarkably facilitate internalization by tumor cells after charge reversion in the weakly acidic environment (pH 6.8). More significantly, about 6.0% of injected charge-reversible nanohybrids accumulate in the tumor tissue at 24 h post injection, far higher than the average accumulation (0.7%) reported elsewhere for nanoparticles. This high tumor accumulation clearly shows the tumor tissues in T1 -weighted magnetic resonance imaging. As a consequence, >95% inhibition of tumor growth in the B16F0-bearing mouse model is achieved via only one treatment combining RNAi and photothermal therapy under very mild irradiation (808 nm laser, 0.3 W cm-2 for 180 s). The current research thus demonstrates a new strategy to functionalize nanoparticles and simultaneously enhance their tumor accumulation and cell internalization for effective cancer theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianping Liu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Yilun Wu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Changkui Fu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Bei Li
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Li Li
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Run Zhang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Tiefeng Xu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Cancer Institute of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, 570102, China
| | - Zhi Ping Xu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
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Novel thymoquinone lipidic core nanocapsules with anisamide-polymethacrylate shell for colon cancer cells overexpressing sigma receptors. Sci Rep 2020; 10:10987. [PMID: 32620860 PMCID: PMC7335198 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-67748-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The biggest challenge in colorectal cancer therapy is to avoid intestinal drug absorption before reaching the colon, while focusing on tumor specific delivery with high local concentration and minimal toxicity. In our work, thymoquinone (TQ)-loaded polymeric nanocapsules were prepared using the nanoprecipitation technique using Eudragit S100 as polymeric shell. Conjugation of anisamide as a targeting ligand for sigma receptors overexpressed by colon cancer cells to Eudragit S100 was carried out via carbodiimide coupling reaction, and was confirmed by thin layer chromatography and 1H-NMR. TQ nanocapsules were characterized for particle size, surface morphology, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency % (EE%), in vitro drug release and physical stability. A cytotoxicity study on three colon cancer cell lines (HT-29, HCT-116, Caco-2) was performed. Results revealed that the polymeric nanocapsules were successfully prepared, and the in vitro characterization showed a suitable size, zeta potential, EE% and physical stability. TQ exhibited a delayed release pattern from the nanocapsules in vitro. Anisamide-targeted TQ nanocapsules showed higher cytotoxicity against HT-29 cells overexpressing sigma receptors compared to their non-targeted counterparts and free TQ after incubation for 48 h, hence delineating anisamide as a promising ligand for active colon cancer targeting.
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Zhang J, Li X, Huang L. Anticancer activities of phytoconstituents and their liposomal targeting strategies against tumor cells and the microenvironment. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2020; 154-155:245-273. [PMID: 32473991 PMCID: PMC7704676 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Various bioactive ingredients have been extracted from Chinese herbal medicines (CHMs) that affect tumor progression and metastasis. To further understand the mechanisms of CHMs in cancer therapy, this article summarizes the effects of five categories of CHMs and their active ingredients on tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment. Despite their treatment potential, the undesirable physicochemical properties (poor permeability, instability, high hydrophilicity or hydrophobicity, toxicity) and unwanted pharmacokinetic profiles (short half-life in blood and low bioavailability) restrict clinical studies of CHMs. Therefore, development of liposomes through relevant surface modifying techniques to achieve targeted CHM delivery for cancer cells, i.e., extracellular and intracellular targets and targets in tumor microenvironment or vasculature, have been reviewed. Current challenges of liposomal targeting of these phytoconstituents and future perspective of CHM applications are discussed to provide an informative reference for interested readers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi, China
| | - Leaf Huang
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States.
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Cao X, Tan T, Zhu D, Yu H, Liu Y, Zhou H, Jin Y, Xia Q. Paclitaxel-Loaded Macrophage Membrane Camouflaged Albumin Nanoparticles for Targeted Cancer Therapy. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:1915-1928. [PMID: 32256068 PMCID: PMC7090179 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s244849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Melanoma is the most common symptom of aggressive skin cancer, and it has become a serious health concern worldwide in recent years. The metastasis rate of malignant melanoma remains high, and it is highly difficult to cure with the currently available treatment options. Effective yet safe therapeutic options are still lacking. Alternative treatment options are in great demand to improve the therapeutic outcome against advanced melanoma. This study aimed to develop albumin nanoparticles (ANPs) coated with macrophage plasma membranes (RANPs) loaded with paclitaxel (PTX) to achieve targeted therapy against malignant melanoma. METHODS Membrane derivations were achieved by using a combination of hypotonic lysis, mechanical membrane fragmentation, and differential centrifugation to empty the harvested cells of their intracellular contents. The collected membrane was then physically extruded through a 400 nm porous polycarbonate membrane to form macrophage cell membrane vesicles. Albumin nanoparticles were prepared through a well-studied nanoprecipitation process. At last, the two components were then coextruded through a 200 nm porous polycarbonate membrane. RESULTS Using paclitaxel as the model drug, PTX-loaded RANPs displayed significantly enhanced cytotoxicity and apoptosis rates compared to albumin nanoparticles without membrane coating in the murine melanoma cell line B16F10. RANPs also exhibited significantly higher internalization efficiency in B16F10 cells than albumin nanoparticles without a membrane coating. Next, a B16F10 tumor xenograft mouse model was established to explore the biodistribution profiles of RANPs, which showed prolonged blood circulation and selective accumulation at the tumor site. PTX-loaded RANPs also demonstrated greatly improved antitumor efficacy in B16F10 tumor-bearing mouse xenografts. CONCLUSION Albumin-based nanoscale delivery systems coated with macrophage plasma membranes offer a highly promising approach to achieve tumor-targeted therapy following systemic administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Cao
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
- The Grade 3 Pharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tingfei Tan
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
- The Grade 3 Pharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dongchun Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
- The Grade 3 Pharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haixia Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
- The Grade 3 Pharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yaru Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
- The Grade 3 Pharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haiyun Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
- The Grade 3 Pharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong Jin
- Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Quan Xia
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
- The Grade 3 Pharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
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Paulmurugan R, Malhotra M, Massoud TF. The protean world of non-coding RNAs in glioblastoma. J Mol Med (Berl) 2019; 97:909-925. [PMID: 31129756 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-019-01798-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Non-coding ribonucleic acids (ncRNAs) are a diverse group of RNA molecules that are mostly not translated into proteins following transcription. We review the role of ncRNAs in the pathobiology of glioblastoma (GBM), and their potential applications for GBM therapy. Significant advances in our understanding of the protean manifestations of ncRNAs have been made, allowing us to better decipher the molecular complexity of GBM. A large number of regulatory ncRNAs appear to have a greater influence on the molecular pathology of GBM than thought previously. Importantly, also, a range of therapeutic approaches are emerging whereby ncRNA-based systems may be used to molecularly target GBM. The most successful of these is RNA interference, and some of these strategies are being evaluated in ongoing clinical trials. However, a number of limitations exist in the clinical translation of ncRNA-based therapeutic systems, such as delivery mechanisms and cytotoxicity; concerted research endeavors are currently underway in an attempt to overcome these. Ongoing and future studies will determine the potential practical role for ncRNA-based therapeutic systems in the clinical management of GBM. These applications may be especially promising, given that current treatment options are limited and prognosis remains poor for this challenging malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramasamy Paulmurugan
- Cellular Pathway Imaging Laboratory (CPIL), Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, 3155 Porter Drive, Palo Alto, CA, 94305, USA.
| | - Meenakshi Malhotra
- Laboratory of Experimental and Molecular Neuroimaging (LEMNI), Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Grant S-031, Stanford, CA, 94305-5105, USA
| | - Tarik F Massoud
- Laboratory of Experimental and Molecular Neuroimaging (LEMNI), Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Grant S-031, Stanford, CA, 94305-5105, USA.
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Wang L, Pei J, Cong Z, Zou Y, Sun T, Davitt F, Garcia-Gil A, Holmes JD, O'Driscoll CM, Rahme K, Guo J. Development of anisamide-targeted PEGylated gold nanorods to deliver epirubicin for chemo-photothermal therapy in tumor-bearing mice. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:1817-1833. [PMID: 30880982 PMCID: PMC6413758 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s192520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gold nanorods (AuNRs), due to the optical and electronic properties namely the surface plasma resonance, have been developed to achieve the light-mediated photothermal therapy (PTT) for cancer. However, PTT alone may suffer from inefficient tumor killing. Recently, the combination of PTT and chemotherapy has been utilized to achieve synergistic anticancer effects. METHODS In this study, AuNRs capped with hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), poly(acrylic acid) (PAA), and PEGylated anisamide (a ligand known to target the sigma receptor) have been developed to produce a range of negatively charged anisamide-targeted PEGylated AuNRs (namely Au-CTAB-PAA-PEG-AA) for the combination of PTT and chemotherapy (termed as chemo-photothermal therapy [CPTT]). Epirubicin (EPI, an anthracycline drug) was efficiently loaded onto the surface of Au800-CTAB-PAA-PEG-AA via the electrostatic interaction forming Au800-CTAB-PAA-PEG-AA.EPI complex. RESULTS The resultant complex demonstrated pH-dependent drug release, facilitated nucleus trafficking of EPI, and induced antiproliferative effects in human prostate cancer PC-3 cells. When Au800-CTAB-PAA-PEG-AA.EPI complex was further stimulated with desired laser irradiation, the synergistic outcome was evident in PC-3 xenograft mice. CONCLUSION These results demonstrate a promising strategy for clinical application of CPTT in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limei Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China, ;
- Department of Pharmacy, The General Hospital of FAW, Changchun 130011, China
| | - Jin Pei
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China, ;
| | - Zhongcheng Cong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China, ;
| | - Yifang Zou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China, ;
| | - Tianmeng Sun
- The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Fionán Davitt
- School of Chemistry and the Tyndall National Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- CRANN, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Adrià Garcia-Gil
- School of Chemistry and the Tyndall National Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- CRANN, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Justin D Holmes
- School of Chemistry and the Tyndall National Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- CRANN, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Kamil Rahme
- School of Chemistry and the Tyndall National Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Applied Science, Notre Dame University (Louaize), Zouk Mosbeh 1200, Lebanon
| | - Jianfeng Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China, ;
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Luan X, Rahme K, Cong Z, Wang L, Zou Y, He Y, Yang H, Holmes JD, O'Driscoll CM, Guo J. Anisamide-targeted PEGylated gold nanoparticles designed to target prostate cancer mediate: Enhanced systemic exposure of siRNA, tumour growth suppression and a synergistic therapeutic response in combination with paclitaxel in mice. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2019; 137:56-67. [PMID: 30779980 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2019.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Small interfering RNA (siRNA) has recently illustrated therapeutic potential for malignant disorders. However, the clinical application of siRNA-based therapeutics is significantly retarded by the paucity of successful delivery systems. Recently, multifunctional gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) as non-viral delivery carriers have shown promise for transporting chemotherapeutics, proteins/peptides, and genes. In this study, AuNPs capped with polyethylenimine (PEI) and PEGylated anisamide (a ligand known to target the sigma receptor) have been developed to produce a range of positively charged anisamide-targeted PEGylated AuNPs (namely Au-PEI-PEG-AA). The anisamide-targeted AuNPs effectively complexed siRNA via electrostatic interaction, and the resultant complex (Au110-PEI-PEG5000-AA.siRNA) illustrated favourable physicochemical characteristics, including particle size, surface charge, and stability. In vitro, anisamide-targeted AuNPs selectively bound to human prostate cancer PC-3 cells, inducing efficient endosomal escape of siRNA, and effective downregulation of the RelA gene. In vivo, prolonged systemic exposure of siRNA was achieved by anisamide-targeted AuNPs resulting in significant tumour growth suppression in a PC3 xenograft mouse model without an increase in toxicity. In addition, a combination of siRNA-mediated NF-κB knockdown using anisamide-targeted AuNPs with Paclitaxel produced a synergistic therapeutic response, thus providing a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Luan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Kamil Rahme
- Department of Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Applied Science, Notre Dame University (Louaize), Zouk Mosbeh, Lebanon; Department of Chemistry and the Tyndall National Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Zhongcheng Cong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Limei Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; Department of Pharmacy, The General Hospital of FAW, Changchun 130011, China
| | - Yifang Zou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Yan He
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Hao Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Justin D Holmes
- Department of Chemistry and the Tyndall National Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; AMBER@CRANN, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | | | - Jianfeng Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
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Bae CS, Ahn T. Diacylglycerol in Cationic Nanoparticles Stimulates Oxidative Stress-Mediated Death of Cancer Cells. Lipids 2019; 53:1059-1067. [DOI: 10.1002/lipd.12124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Sik Bae
- College of Veterinary Medicine; Chonnam National University; 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186 Republic of Korea
| | - Taeho Ahn
- College of Veterinary Medicine; Chonnam National University; 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186 Republic of Korea
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25
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Li X, Wu J, Zhang X, Chen W. Glutathione reductase-mediated thiol oxidative stress suppresses metastasis of murine melanoma cells. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 129:256-267. [PMID: 30086340 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Malignant melanoma is a highly metastatic and life-threatening cancer. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play important roles in cancer initiation and progression including metastasis. It has been reported that the oxidative stress spontaneously generated in circulating melanoma cells was able to suppress distant metastasis in vivo. However, little is known regarding the effects and mechanism of glutathione reductase (GR) inhibition-induced oxidative stress in regulation of melanoma metastasis. Here, we demonstrate that GR inhibition generates oxidative stress and suppresses lung metastasis and subcutaneous growth of melanoma in vivo. In addition, inhibitory effects by GR activity reduction were observed on cell proliferation, colony formation, cell adhesion, migration and invasion in melanoma cells in vitro. GR inhibition-induced oxidative stress was also found to block epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) by decreasing the expression of Vimentin, ERK1/2, transcription factor Snail and increasing the expression of E-cadherin. In addition, actin rearrangement, a key element involved in cell motility, was also affected by GR-mediated oxidative stress possibly through protein S-glutathionylation on actin. In conclusion, this study identifies GR as an effective regulator of oxidative stress that affects the multistep processes of metastasis in melanoma cells, and it becomes a potential target for melanoma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Li
- Zhejiang Cancer Research Institute, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310022, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310022, China
| | - Junzhou Wu
- Zhejiang Cancer Research Institute, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310022, China
| | - Xiaoying Zhang
- ACEA Bio CO., Ltd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310030, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Zhejiang Cancer Research Institute, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310022, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310022, China.
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Mazzio EA, Soliman KFA. Whole-transcriptomic Profile of SK-MEL-3 Melanoma Cells Treated with the Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor: Trichostatin A. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2018; 15:349-364. [PMID: 30194076 DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malignant melanoma cells can rapidly acquire phenotypic properties making them resistant to radiation and mainline chemotherapies such as decarbonize or kinase inhibitors that target RAS-proto-oncogene independent auto-activated mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK)/through dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase (MEK). Both drug resistance and inherent transition from melanocytic nevi to malignant melanoma involve the overexpression of histone deacetylases (HDACs) and a B-Raf proto-oncogene (BRAF) mutation. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this work, the effects of an HDAC class I and II inhibitor trichostatin A (TSA) on the whole transcriptome of SK-MEL-3 cells carrying a BRAF mutation was examined. RESULTS The data obtained show that TSA was an extremely potent HDAC inhibitor within SK-MEL-3 nuclear lysates, where TSA was then optimized for appropriate sub-lethal concentrations for in vitro testing. The whole-transcriptome profile shows a basic phenotype dominance in the SK-MEL-3 cell line for i) synthesis of melanin, ii) phagosome acidification, iii) ATP hydrolysis-coupled proton pumps and iv) iron transport systems. While TSA did not affect the aforementioned major systems, it evoked a dramatic change to the transcriptome: reflected by a down-regulation of 810 transcripts and up-regulation of 833, with fold-change from -15.27 to +31.1 FC (p<0.00001). Largest differentials were found for the following transcripts: Up-regulated: Tetraspanin 13 (TSPAN13), serpin family i member 1 (SERPINI1), ATPase Na+/K+ transporting subunit beta 2 (ATP1B2), nicotinamide nucleotide adenylyl transferase 2 (NMNAT2), platelet-derived growth factor receptor-like (PDGFRL), cytochrome P450 family 1 subfamily A member 1 (CYP1A1), prostate androgen-regulated mucin-like protein 1 (PARM1), secretogranin II (SCG2), SYT11 (synaptotagmin 11), rhophilin associated tail protein 1 like (ROPN1L); down-regulated: polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 3 (GALNT3), carbonic anhydrase 14 (CAXIV), BCL2-related protein A1 (BCL2A1), protein kinase C delta (PRKCD), transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 1 (TRPM1), ubiquitin associated protein 1 like (UBAP1L), glutathione peroxidase 8 (GPX8), interleukin 16 (IL16), tumor protein p53 (TP53), and serpin family H member 1 (SERPINH1). There was no change to any of the HDAC transcripts (class I, II and IV), the sirtuin HDAC family (1-6) or the BRAF proto-oncogene v 599 transcripts. However, the data showed that TSA down-regulated influential transcripts that drive the BRAF-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 oncogenic pathway (namely PRKCD and MYC proto-oncogene which negatively affected the cell-cycle distribution. Mitotic inhibition was corroborated by functional pathway analysis and flow cytometry confirming halt at the G2 phase, occurring in the absence of toxicity. CONCLUSION TSA does not alter HDAC transcripts nor BRAF itself, but down-regulates critical components of the MAPK/MEK/BRAF oncogenic pathway, initiating a mitotic arrest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Mazzio
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A and M University, Tallahassee, FL, U.S.A
| | - Karam F A Soliman
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A and M University, Tallahassee, FL, U.S.A.
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27
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Chitosan-Carboxymethyl-5-Fluorouracil-Folate Conjugate Particles: Microwave Modulated Uptake by Skin and Melanoma Cells. J Invest Dermatol 2018; 138:2412-2422. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.04.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 04/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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28
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Sharma VK, Raimondi V, Ruggero K, Pise-Masison CA, Cavallari I, Silic-Benussi M, Ciminale V, D'Agostino DM. Expression of miR-34a in T-Cells Infected by Human T-Lymphotropic Virus 1. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:832. [PMID: 29780367 PMCID: PMC5945834 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV-1) immortalizes T-cells and is the causative agent of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL). HTLV-1 replication and transformation are governed by multiple interactions between viral regulatory proteins and host cell factors that remain to be fully elucidated. The present study investigated the impact of HTLV-1 infection on the expression of miR-34a, a microRNA whose expression is downregulated in many types of cancer. Results of RT-PCR assays showed that five out of six HTLV-1-positive cell lines expressed higher levels of miR-34a compared to normal PBMC or purified CD4+ T-cells. ATLL cell line ED, which did not express miR-34a, showed methylation of the miR-34a promoter. Newly infected PBMC and samples from 10 ATLL patients also showed a prominent increase in miR-34a expression compared to PBMC controls. The primary miR-34a transcript expressed in infected cell line C91PL contained binding motifs for NF-κB and p53. Pharmacological inhibition of NF-κB with Bay 11-7082 indicated that this pathway contributes to sustain miR-34a levels in infected cells. Treatment of infected cell lines with the p53 activator nutlin-3a resulted in a further increase in miR-34a levels, thus confirming it as a transcriptional target of p53. Nutlin-3a-treated cells showed downregulation of known miR-34a targets including the deacetylase SIRT1, which was accompanied by increased acetylation of p53, a substrate of SIRT1. Transfection of C91PL cells with a miR-34a mimic also led to downregulation of mRNA targets including SIRT1 as well as the pro-apoptotic factor BAX. Unlike nutlin-3a, the miR-34a mimic did not cause cell cycle arrest or reduce cell viability. On the other hand, sequestration of miR-34a with a sponge construct resulted in an increase in death of C91PL cells. These findings provide evidence for a functional role for miR-34a in fine-tuning the expression of target genes that influence the turnover of HTLV-1-infected cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varun K Sharma
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Katia Ruggero
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Cynthia A Pise-Masison
- Animal Models and Retroviral Vaccines Section, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | | | | | - Vincenzo Ciminale
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV - IRCCS, Padova, Italy
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29
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Chen X. Current and future technological advances in transdermal gene delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2018; 127:85-105. [PMID: 29273516 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2017.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2017] [Revised: 11/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Transdermal gene delivery holds significant advantages as it is able to minimize the problems of systemic administration such as enzymatic degradation, systemic toxicity, and poor delivery to target tissues. This technology has the potential to transform the treatment and prevention of a range of diseases. However, the skin poses a great barrier for gene delivery because of the "bricks-and-mortar" structure of the stratum corneum and the tight junctions between keratinocytes in the epidermis. This review systematically summarizes the typical physical and chemical approaches to overcome these barriers and facilitate gene delivery via skin for applications in vaccination, wound healing, skin cancers and skin diseases. Next, the advantages and disadvantages of different approaches are discussed and the insights for future development are provided.
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30
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Acharya R, Saha S, Ray S, Hazra S, Mitra MK, Chakraborty J. siRNA-nanoparticle conjugate in gene silencing: A future cure to deadly diseases? MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 76:1378-1400. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Revised: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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31
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Cancer nanotheranostics: A review of the role of conjugated ligands for overexpressed receptors. Eur J Pharm Sci 2017; 104:273-292. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2017.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Revised: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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32
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Liu J, Ding W, Ruan R, Zou L, Chen M, Wei P, Wen L. A Theoretical Study on Inhibition of Melanoma with Controlled and Targeted Delivery of siRNA via Skin Using SPACE-EGF. Ann Biomed Eng 2017; 45:1407-1419. [PMID: 28349327 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-017-1825-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Melanoma is a potentially lethal skin cancer with high mortality rate. Recently, the peptide-mediated transdermal delivery of small interference RNA (siRNA) emerges as a promising strategy to treat melanoma by inducing the apoptosis of tumor cells, but the related theoretical model describing the delivery of siRNA under the effect of SPACE-EGF, the growth inhibition of melanoma and the dynamic expanding of the bump on the skin due to the growth of melanoma has not been reported yet. In this article, a theoretical model is developed to describe the percutaneous siRNA delivery mediated by SPACE-EGF to melanoma and the growth inhibition of melanoma. The results present the spatial-temporal distribution of siRNA and the growth of melanoma under the inhibition of siRNA, which shows a good consistency with the experimental results. In addition, this model represents the uplift process of tumors on the skin surface. The model presented here is a useful tool to understand the whole process of the SPACE-EGF-mediated delivery of the siRNA to melanoma through skin, to predict the therapeutic effect, and to optimize the therapeutic strategy, providing valuable references for the treatment of melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanjuan Liu
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, Anhui, China
- Department of Electronic Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, Anhui, China
| | - Weiping Ding
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, Anhui, China.
- Department of Electronic Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, Anhui, China.
| | - Renquan Ruan
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, Anhui, China
| | - Lili Zou
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, Anhui, China
- Department of Electronic Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, Anhui, China
| | - Ming Chen
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, Anhui, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038, Anhui, China
| | - Pengfei Wei
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, Anhui, China
| | - Longping Wen
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, Anhui, China
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Dasargyri A, Kümin CD, Leroux JC. Targeting Nanocarriers with Anisamide: Fact or Artifact? ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2017; 29:1603451. [PMID: 27885719 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201603451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Revised: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Encapsulating chemotherapeutics in nanoparticles can reduce the side effects of intravenous administration and improve their antitumor efficacy. Additionally, surface decoration of the nanocarriers with tumor-targeting ligands may enhance their specificity for cancer cells overexpressing the corresponding ligand-binding counterpart. The focus here is on anisamide, a low-molecular-weight benzamide derivative used as a tumor-directing moiety in functionalized nanosystems, based on its alleged interaction with Sigma receptors. The scintigraphic agents that initially inspired the use of anisamide for tumor targeting are described, and the published anisamide-tethered nanocarrier formulations are reviewed, together with a critical overview of the ligand's tumor-targeting properties. Moreover, anisamide's putative but dubious cellular target, the Sigma-1 receptor, is discussed with regard to its subcellular localization and implications in cancer. Data from in vivo studies reveal that the effect of anisamide on the antitumor efficacy of the decorated nanosystems varies considerably among the published reports. Together with the evidence questioning the interaction of anisamide with the Sigma receptors, the variability of anisamide's effect on the tumor deposition and the antitumor efficacy of the decorated drug carriers calls into question the extent of the ligand's tumor-targeting effect. Further research is necessary to elucidate the ligand's utility in tumor targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athanasia Dasargyri
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETHZ), Zurich, 8093, Switzerland
| | - Carole D Kümin
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETHZ), Zurich, 8093, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Christophe Leroux
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETHZ), Zurich, 8093, Switzerland
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34
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Theranostic barcoded nanoparticles for personalized cancer medicine. Nat Commun 2016; 7:13325. [PMID: 27830705 PMCID: PMC5109543 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms13325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Personalized medicine promises to revolutionize cancer therapy by matching the most effective treatment to the individual patient. Using a nanoparticle-based system, we predict the therapeutic potency of anticancer medicines in a personalized manner. We carry out the diagnostic stage through a multidrug screen performed inside the tumour, extracting drug activity information with single cell sensitivity. By using 100 nm liposomes, loaded with various cancer drugs and corresponding synthetic DNA barcodes, we find a correlation between the cell viability and the drug it was exposed to, according to the matching barcodes. Based on this screen, we devise a treatment protocol for mice bearing triple-negative breast-cancer tumours, and its results confirm the diagnostic prediction. We show that the use of nanotechnology in cancer care is effective for generating personalized treatment protocols. Determining the most effective treatment for each cancer patient is a key challenge in cancer therapy. In this article, the authors show, in a mouse model of breast cancer, that DNA barcoded nanoparticles can be used for pre-screening the efficacy of anticancer drugs.
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35
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Saavedra-Alonso S, Zapata-Benavides P, Chavez-Escamilla AK, Manilla-Muñoz E, Zamora-Avila DE, Franco-Molina MA, Rodriguez-Padilla C. WT1 shRNA delivery using transferrin-conjugated PEG liposomes in an in vivo model of melanoma. Exp Ther Med 2016; 12:3778-3784. [PMID: 28105110 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2016.3851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The global incidence of melanoma is increasing. Mortality from melanoma is influenced primarily by metastasis in advanced stages of the disease. Current treatments are largely ineffective; thus, novel gene delivery approaches that target tumor-specific markers may be useful for the treatment of melanoma. Systemic administration of encapsulated RNA-interference plasmids targeted against tumor cells is a potential alternative therapy for cancer. Formulations of transferrin (Tf)-conjugated polyethylene glycol (PEG) liposomes loaded with short hairpin RNA (shRNA) against WT1 (Lip + RNAi + Tf), PEG liposomes loaded with shRNA against WT1 (Lip + RNAi), Tf-conjugated PEG liposomes loaded with pEGFP-N3 (Lip + GFP + Tf) and saline solution as negative control (untreated) were administered systemically to C57BL/6 mice implanted subcutaneously with a melanoma cell line. Tumor volume, body weight, tumor weight, survival and relative expression of WT1 were evaluated. No significant differences in net body weight were identified between groups. The tumor volume decreased from 7,871 mm3 (SD±2,087) in the untreated group to 5,981 mm3 (SD±2,099) in the Lip + RNAi + Tf group. The tumor weight was reduced, from 8.8 g (SD±0.30) in the untreated group to 5.5 g (SD±0.87) in the Lip + RNAi + Tf group. An increase of 37% in survival was also observed in the group treated with Lip + RNAi + Tf in comparison to the untreated group. Tumors treated with Lip + RNAi + Tf also showed a decrease in the mean relative expression of WT1 of 0.21 (SD±0.28) folds compared with 1.8 (SD±2.49) folds in untreated group, 1.34 (SD±0.43) folds in Lip + RNAi group and of 1.89 (SD±0.69) folds in Lip + GFP + Tf group. Systemic administration of transferrin-conjugated PEG liposomes loaded with shRNA against WT1 reduced WT1 expression and tumor size and increased survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Saavedra-Alonso
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Nuevo León (UANL), San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, México
| | - Pablo Zapata-Benavides
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Nuevo León (UANL), San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, México
| | - Ana Karina Chavez-Escamilla
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Nuevo León (UANL), San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, México
| | - Edgar Manilla-Muñoz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Nuevo León (UANL), San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, México
| | - Diana Elisa Zamora-Avila
- Department of Genetics, Veterinary Medicine Faculty, Autonomous University of Nuevo León (UANL), Escobedo, Nuevo León, México
| | - Moisés Armides Franco-Molina
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Nuevo León (UANL), San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, México
| | - Cristina Rodriguez-Padilla
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Nuevo León (UANL), San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, México
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Park J, Park J, Pei Y, Xu J, Yeo Y. Pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of recently-developed siRNA nanomedicines. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2016; 104:93-109. [PMID: 26686832 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2015.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Revised: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Small interfering RNA (siRNA) is a promising drug candidate, expected to have broad therapeutic potentials toward various diseases including viral infections and cancer. With recent advances in bioconjugate chemistry and carrier technology, several siRNA-based drugs have advanced to clinical trials. However, most cases address local applications or diseases in the filtering organs, reflecting remaining challenges in systemic delivery of siRNA. The difficulty in siRNA delivery is in large part due to poor circulation stability and unfavorable pharmacokinetics and biodistribution profiles of siRNA. This review describes the pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of siRNA nanomedicines, focusing on those reported in the past 5years, and their pharmacological effects in selected disease models such as hepatocellular carcinoma, liver infections, and respiratory diseases. The examples discussed here will provide an insight into the current status of the art and unmet needs in siRNA delivery.
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Ruan R, Chen M, Sun S, Wei P, Zou L, Liu J, Gao D, Wen L, Ding W. Topical and Targeted Delivery of siRNAs to Melanoma Cells Using a Fusion Peptide Carrier. Sci Rep 2016; 6:29159. [PMID: 27374619 PMCID: PMC4931591 DOI: 10.1038/srep29159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Topical application of siRNAs through the skin is a potentially effective strategy for the treatment of melanoma tumors. In this study, we designed a new and safe fusion peptide carrier SPACE-EGF to improve the skin and cell penetration function of the siRNAs and their targeting ability to B16 cells, such that the apoptosis of B16 cells can be induced. The results show that the carrier is stable and less toxic. The EGF motif does not affect the skin and cell penetration function of the SPACE. Because EGF can strongly bind EGFR, which is overexpressed in cancer cells, the targeting ability of the SPACE-EGF-siRNA complex is increased. In vitro experiments indicate that GAPDH siRNAs conjugated with SPACE-EGF can significantly reduce the GAPDH concentration in B16 cells, and c-Myc siRNAs can cause the gene silencing of c-Myc and thus the apoptosis of cells. In vivo experiments show that the topical application of c-Myc siRNAs delivered by SPACE-EGF through the skin can significantly inhibit the growth of melanoma tumors. This work may provide insight into the development of new transdermal drug carriers to treat a variety of skin disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renquan Ruan
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China.,Department of Electronic Science and Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China.,School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China.,Fujian Longsheng Biotechnology (Group) Co., Ltd., Longyan, Fujian 364000, China
| | - Ming Chen
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China.,Department of Pharmacology, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230038, China
| | - Sijie Sun
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Pengfei Wei
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Lili Zou
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China.,Department of Electronic Science and Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China.,Department of Electronic Science and Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Dayong Gao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Longping Wen
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Weiping Ding
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China.,Department of Electronic Science and Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
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Liu CH, Chan KM, Chiang T, Liu JY, Chern GG, Hsu FF, Wu YH, Liu YC, Chen Y. Dual-Functional Nanoparticles Targeting CXCR4 and Delivering Antiangiogenic siRNA Ameliorate Liver Fibrosis. Mol Pharm 2016; 13:2253-62. [PMID: 27224003 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.5b00913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The progression of liver fibrosis, an intrinsic response to chronic liver injury, is associated with hepatic hypoxia, angiogenesis, abnormal inflammation, and significant matrix deposition, leading to the development of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Due to the complex pathogenesis of liver fibrosis, antifibrotic drug development has faced the challenge of efficiently and specifically targeting multiple pathogenic mechanisms. Therefore, CXCR4-targeted nanoparticles (NPs) were formulated to deliver siRNAs against vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) into fibrotic livers to block angiogenesis during the progression of liver fibrosis. AMD3100, a CXCR4 antagonist that was incorporated into the NPs, served dual functions: it acted as a targeting moiety and suppressed the progression of fibrosis by inhibiting the proliferation and activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). We demonstrated that CXCR4-targeted NPs could deliver VEGF siRNAs to fibrotic livers, decrease VEGF expression, suppress angiogenesis and normalize the distorted vessels in the fibrotic livers in the carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced mouse model. Moreover, blocking SDF-1α/CXCR4 by CXCR4-targeted NPs in combination with VEGF siRNA significantly prevented the progression of liver fibrosis in CCl4-treated mice. In conclusion, the multifunctional CXCR4-targeted NPs delivering VEGF siRNAs provide an effective antifibrotic therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Hung Liu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Kun-Ming Chan
- Chang Gung Transplantation Institute, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine , Taoyuan, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Tsaiyu Chiang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Jia-Yu Liu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Guann-Gen Chern
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Fu-Fei Hsu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica , Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yu-Hsuan Wu
- Chang Gung Transplantation Institute, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine , Taoyuan, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Ya-Chi Liu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yunching Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, R.O.C
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Brys AK, Gowda R, Loriaux DB, Robertson GP, Mosca PJ. Nanotechnology-based strategies for combating toxicity and resistance in melanoma therapy. Biotechnol Adv 2016; 34:565-577. [PMID: 26826558 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2016.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2015] [Revised: 11/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Drug toxicity and resistance remain formidable challenges in cancer treatment and represent an area of increasing attention in the case of melanoma. Nanotechnology represents a paradigm-shifting field with the potential to mitigate drug resistance while improving drug delivery and minimizing toxicity. Recent clinical and pre-clinical studies have demonstrated how a diverse array of nanoparticles may be harnessed to circumvent known mechanisms of drug resistance in melanoma to improve therapeutic efficacy. In this review, we discuss known mechanisms of resistance to various melanoma therapies and possible nanotechnology-based strategies that could be used to overcome these barriers and improve the pharmacologic arsenal available to combat advanced stage melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam K Brys
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, United States
| | - Raghavendra Gowda
- Department of Pharmacology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, United States
| | - Daniel B Loriaux
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, United States
| | - Gavin P Robertson
- Department of Pharmacology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, United States
| | - Paul J Mosca
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, United States.
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Yun CH, Bae CS, Ahn T. Cargo-Free Nanoparticles Containing Cationic Lipids Induce Reactive Oxygen Species and Cell Death in HepG2 Cells. Biol Pharm Bull 2016; 39:1338-46. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b16-00264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chul-Ho Yun
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University
| | - Chun-Sik Bae
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University
| | - Taeho Ahn
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University
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van Waarde A, Rybczynska AA, Ramakrishnan NK, Ishiwata K, Elsinga PH, Dierckx RAJO. Potential applications for sigma receptor ligands in cancer diagnosis and therapy. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2015; 1848:2703-14. [PMID: 25173780 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2014.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2014] [Revised: 08/04/2014] [Accepted: 08/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Sigma receptors (sigma-1 and sigma-2) represent two independent classes of proteins. Their endogenous ligands may include the hallucinogen N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) and sphingolipid-derived amines which interact with sigma-1 receptors, besides steroid hormones (e.g., progesterone) which bind to both sigma receptor subpopulations. The sigma-1 receptor is a ligand-regulated molecular chaperone with various ion channels and G-protein-coupled membrane receptors as clients. The sigma-2 receptor was identified as the progesterone receptor membrane component 1 (PGRMC1). Although sigma receptors are over-expressed in tumors and up-regulated in rapidly dividing normal tissue, their ligands induce significant cell death only in tumor tissue. Sigma ligands may therefore be used to selectively eradicate tumors. Multiple mechanisms appear to underlie cell killing after administration of sigma ligands, and the signaling pathways are dependent both on the type of ligand and the type of tumor cell. Recent evidence suggests that the sigma-2 receptor is a potential tumor and serum biomarker for human lung cancer and an important target for inhibiting tumor invasion and cancer progression. Current radiochemical efforts are focused on the development of subtype-selective radioligands for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. Right now, the mostpromising tracers are [18F]fluspidine and [18F]FTC-146 for sigma-1 receptors and [11C]RHM-1 and [18F]ISO-1 for the sigma-2 subtype. Nanoparticles coupled to sigma ligands have shown considerable potential for targeted delivery of antitumor drugs in animal models of cancer, but clinical studies exploring this strategy in cancer patients have not yet been reported. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Membrane channels and transporters in cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aren van Waarde
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Anna A Rybczynska
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Nisha K Ramakrishnan
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Kiichi Ishiwata
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Research Team for Neuroimaging, 35-2 Sakae-Cho, Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Philip H Elsinga
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rudi A J O Dierckx
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; University of Ghent, University Hospital, De Pintelaan 185, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
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Child HW, Hernandez Y, Conde J, Mullin M, Baptista P, de la Fuente JM, Berry CC. Gold nanoparticle-siRNA mediated oncogene knockdown at RNA and protein level, with associated gene effects. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2015; 10:2513-25. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm.15.95] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims: RNAi is a powerful tool for gene silencing that can be used to reduce undesirable overexpression of oncogenes as a novel form of cancer treatment. However, when using RNAi as a therapeutic tool there is potential for associated gene effects. This study aimed to utilize gold nanoparticles to deliver siRNA into HeLa cells. Results: Knockdown of the c-myc oncogene by RNAi, at the RNA, protein and cell proliferation level was achieved, while also identifying associated gene responses. Discussion: The gold nanoparticles used in this study present an excellent delivery platform for siRNA, but do note associated gene changes. Conclusion: The study highlights the need to more widely assess the cell physiological response to RNAi treatment, rather than focus on the immediate RNA levels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yulán Hernandez
- Instituto de Nanociencia de Aragón, University of Zaragoza, C/Mariano Esquillor s/n Zaragoza, Spain
| | - João Conde
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Institute for Medical Engineering & Science, Harvard-MIT Division for Health Sciences & Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139-4307, USA
| | - Margaret Mullin
- Integrated Microscopy Facility, Joseph Black Building, Glasgow University, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Pedro Baptista
- UCIBIO, CIGMH, Departamento de Ciencias da Vida, Faculdade de Ciencias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus de Caparica, Portugal
| | - Jesus Maria de la Fuente
- Instituto de Nanociencia de Aragón, University of Zaragoza, C/Mariano Esquillor s/n Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón (ICMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, c/Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
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Belmadi N, Midoux P, Loyer P, Passirani C, Pichon C, Le Gall T, Jaffres PA, Lehn P, Montier T. Synthetic vectors for gene delivery: An overview of their evolution depending on routes of administration. Biotechnol J 2015; 10:1370-89. [DOI: 10.1002/biot.201400841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Revised: 02/26/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Liu R, Wang Y, Li X, Bao W, Xia G, Chen W, Cheng J, Xu Y, Guo L, Chen B. Synthesis and characterization of tumor-targeted copolymer nanocarrier modified by transferrin. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2015; 9:2705-19. [PMID: 26045659 PMCID: PMC4448924 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s80948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
To increase the encapsulation of hydrophilic antitumor agent daunorubicin (DNR) and multidrug resistance reversal agent tetrandrine (Tet) in the drug delivery system of nano-particles (NPs), a functional copolymer NP composed of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), poly-L-lysine (PLL), and polyethylene glycol (PEG) was synthesized and then loaded with DNR and Tet simultaneously to construct DNR/Tet–PLGA–PLL–PEG-NPs using a modified double-emulsion solvent evaporation/diffusion method. And to increase the targeted antitumor effect, DNR/Tet–PLGA–PLL–PEG-NPs were further modified with transferrin (Tf) due to its specific binding to Tf receptors (TfR), which is highly expressed on the surface of tumor cells. In this study, the influence of the diversity of formulation parameters was investigated systematically, such as drug loading, mean particle size, molecular weight, the concentration of PLGA–PLL–PEG–Tf, volume ratio of acetone to dichloromethane, the concentration of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) in the external aqueous phase, the volume ratio of the internal aqueous phase to the external aqueous phase, and the type of surfactants in the internal aqueous phase. Meanwhile, its possible effect on cell viability was evaluated. Our results showed that the regular spherical DNR/Tet–PLGA–PLL–PEG–Tf-NPs with a smooth surface, a relatively low polydispersity index, and a diameter of 213.0±12.0 nm could be produced. The encapsulation efficiency was 70.23%±1.91% for DNR and 86.5%±0.70% for Tet, the moderate drug loading was 3.63%±0.15% for DNR and 4.27%±0.13% for Tet. Notably, the accumulated release of DNR and Tet could be sustained over 1 week, and the Tf content was 2.18%±0.04%. In cell viability tests, DNR/Tet–PLGA–PLL–PEG–Tf-NPs could inhibit the proliferation of K562/ADR cells in a dose-dependent manner, and the half maximal inhibitory concentration value (total drug) of DNR/Tet–PLGA–PLL–PEG–Tf-NPs was lower than that of DNR, a mixture of DNR and Tet, and DNR/Tet–PLGA–PLL–PEG-NPs. These results clearly indicate that the PLGA–PLL–PEG formulation is a potential drug delivery system for hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs, and that Tf modification may increase its targeting properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Liu
- Department of Hematology (Key Department of Jiangsu Medicine), Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China ; Faculty of Oncology, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yonglu Wang
- Department of Hematology (Key Department of Jiangsu Medicine), Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China ; College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueming Li
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Bao
- Department of Hematology (Key Department of Jiangsu Medicine), Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China ; Faculty of Oncology, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Guohua Xia
- Department of Hematology (Key Department of Jiangsu Medicine), Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China ; Faculty of Oncology, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Cheng
- Department of Hematology (Key Department of Jiangsu Medicine), Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China ; Faculty of Oncology, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanlong Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Liting Guo
- Department of Hematology (Key Department of Jiangsu Medicine), Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China ; Faculty of Oncology, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Baoan Chen
- Department of Hematology (Key Department of Jiangsu Medicine), Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China ; Faculty of Oncology, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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siRNA-based spherical nucleic acids reverse impaired wound healing in diabetic mice by ganglioside GM3 synthase knockdown. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:5573-8. [PMID: 25902507 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1505951112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Spherical nucleic acid (SNA) gold nanoparticle conjugates (13-nm-diameter gold cores functionalized with densely packed and highly oriented nucleic acids) dispersed in Aquaphor have been shown to penetrate the epidermal barrier of both intact mouse and human skin, enter keratinocytes, and efficiently down-regulate gene targets. ganglioside-monosialic acid 3 synthase (GM3S) is a known target that is overexpressed in diabetic mice and responsible for causing insulin resistance and impeding wound healing. GM3S SNAs increase keratinocyte migration and proliferation as well as insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF1) receptor activation under both normo- and hyperglycemic conditions. The topical application of GM3S SNAs (50 nM) to splinted 6-mm-diameter full-thickness wounds in diet-induced obese diabetic mice decreases local GM3S expression by >80% at the wound edge through an siRNA pathway and fully heals wounds clinically and histologically within 12 d, whereas control-treated wounds are only 50% closed. Granulation tissue area, vascularity, and IGF1 and EGF receptor phosphorylation are increased in GM3S SNA-treated wounds. These data capitalize on the unique ability of SNAs to naturally penetrate the skin and enter keratinocytes without the need for transfection agents. Moreover, the data further validate GM3 as a mediator of the delayed wound healing in type 2 diabetes and support regional GM3 depletion as a promising therapeutic direction.
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Protamine-oligonucleotide-nanoparticles: Recent advances in drug delivery and drug targeting. Eur J Pharm Sci 2015; 75:54-9. [PMID: 25896372 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2015.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Revised: 04/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/10/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Application of oligonucleotides as active compounds has become a crucial field of pharmaceutical research in recent years. In order to improve inadequate transfection rate and to avoid rapid enzymatic degradation of antisense oligonucleotides (AS-ODNs) a novel nanoparticulate delivery system was reported by our group at the beginning of 2000. AS-ODNs are condensed by the polycationic peptide protamine into solid particles in the size range of 100-200nm. Nanoparticle formation is driven by a self-assembling process based on electrostatic interactions between the oppositely charged biomolecules. This new delivery system was named "proticles" and showed very efficient protection against enzymatic digestion, high transfection rates and significant antisense effects in vitro. Throughout broader research, this promising approach was enlarged, and AS-ODNs were replaced by siRNA or CpG-oligonucleotides to address the aspect of immune-modulation and vaccination. More recent studies on proticles verified upscaling of the self-assembling process as well as the potential of proticle formulations for active drug targeting, like tumor- or atherosclerotic plaque targeting. Thereby also the application for diagnostic purposes was emphasized. This review will focus on the characterization of the nucleoprotein protamine as well as on the variety of possible nucleotides/peptides which were already assembled into the proticle matrix. Furthermore it will provide an insight into the broad area of application where proticles can present a valuable tool for successful oligonucleotide delivery.
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Skin cancer and new treatment perspectives: A review. Cancer Lett 2015; 357:8-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2014.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2014] [Revised: 10/31/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Recent advances in targeted nanoparticles drug delivery to melanoma. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2014; 11:769-94. [PMID: 25555352 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2014.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Revised: 10/31/2014] [Accepted: 11/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Melanoma is one of the most aggressive skin cancers, notorious for its high multidrug resistance and low survival rate. Conventional therapies (e.g., dacarbazine, interferon-alpha-2b and interleukin-2) are limited by low response rate and demonstrate no overall survival benefit. Novel targeted therapies (e.g., vemurafenib, dabrafenib and trametinib) have higher initial response rate and clear impact on the overall survival, but relapse usually occurs within 6 to 9 months. Although immunotherapy (e.g., ipilimumab, pembrolizumab and nivolumab) can achieve long-term and durable response, rate of adverse events is extremely high. With the development of nanotechnology, the applications of nanocarriers are widely expected to change the landscape of melanoma therapy for foreseeable future. In this review, we will relate recent advances in the application of multifunctional nanocarriers for targeted drug delivery to melanoma, in melanoma nanotheranostics and combination therapy, and nanopharmaceutical associated melanoma clinical trials, followed by challenges and perspectives. From the clinical editor: The team of authors describes the current treatment regimes of malignant melanoma emphasizing the importance of achieving a better efficacy and the need to develop a better understanding of melanoma tumorigenesis.
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Drug delivery nanoparticles in skin cancers. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:895986. [PMID: 25101298 PMCID: PMC4102061 DOI: 10.1155/2014/895986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2013] [Accepted: 04/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Nanotechnology involves the engineering of functional systems at nanoscale, thus being attractive for disciplines ranging from materials science to biomedicine. One of the most active research areas of the nanotechnology is nanomedicine, which applies nanotechnology to highly specific medical interventions for prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases, including cancer disease. Over the past two decades, the rapid developments in nanotechnology have allowed the incorporation of multiple therapeutic, sensing, and targeting agents into nanoparticles, for detection, prevention, and treatment of cancer diseases. Nanoparticles offer many advantages as drug carrier systems since they can improve the solubility of poorly water-soluble drugs, modify pharmacokinetics, increase drug half-life by reducing immunogenicity, improve bioavailability, and diminish drug metabolism. They can also enable a tunable release of therapeutic compounds and the simultaneous delivery of two or more drugs for combination therapy. In this review, we discuss the recent advances in the use of different types of nanoparticles for systemic and topical drug delivery in the treatment of skin cancer. In particular, the progress in the treatment with nanocarriers of basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and melanoma has been reported.
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50
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Wen Y, Meng WS. Recent In Vivo Evidences of Particle-Based Delivery of Small-Interfering RNA (siRNA) into Solid Tumors. J Pharm Innov 2014; 9:158-173. [PMID: 25221632 PMCID: PMC4161233 DOI: 10.1007/s12247-014-9183-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Small-interfering RNA (siRNA) is both a powerful tool in research and a promising therapeutic platform to modulate expression of disease-related genes. Malignant tumors are attractive disease targets for nucleic acid-based therapies. siRNA directed against oncogenes, and genes driving metastases or angiogenesis have been evaluated in animal models and in some cases, in humans. The outcomes of these studies indicate that drug delivery is a significant limiting factor. This review provides perspectives on in vivo validated nanoparticle-based siRNA delivery systems. Results of recent advances in liposomes and polymeric and inorganic formulations illustrate the need for mutually optimized attributes for performance in systemic circulation, tumor interstitial space, plasma membrane, and endosomes. Physiochemical properties conducive to efficient siRNA delivery are summarized and directions for future research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wen
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Duquesne University, 600, Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15282, USA
| | - Wilson S. Meng
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Duquesne University, 600, Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15282, USA
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