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Zhang J, Nishida Y, Koike H, Ito K, Zhuo L, Nishida K, Kimata K, Ikuta K, Sakai T, Urakawa H, Seki T, Imagama S. Hyaluronan in articular cartilage: Analysis of hip osteoarthritis and osteonecrosis of femoral head. J Orthop Res 2023; 41:307-315. [PMID: 35538609 DOI: 10.1002/jor.25364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Hyaluronan (HA) plays crucial roles in the maintenance of high-quality cartilage extracellular matrix. Several studies have reported the HA in synovial fluid in patients with osteoarthritis (OA), but few have described the changes of HA in articular cartilage of OA or idiopathic osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH). KIAA1199 was recently reported to have strong hyaluronidase activity. The aim of this study was to clarify the HA metabolism in OA and ONFH, particularly the involvement of KIAA1199. Immunohistochemical analysis of KIAA1199 and HA deposition was performed for human OA (n = 10), ONFH (n = 10), and control cartilage (n = 7). The concentration and molecular weight (MW) of HA were determined by competitive HA ELISA and Chromatography, respectively. Regarding HA metabolism-related molecules, HAS1, HAS2, HAS3, HYAL1, HYAL2, and KIAA1199 gene expression was assessed by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Histological analysis showed the overexpression of KIAA1199 in OA cartilage, which was accompanied by decreased hyaluronic acid binding protein (HABP) staining compared with ONFH and control. Little KIAA1199 expression was observed in cartilage at the collapsed area of ONFH, which was accompanied by a slight decrease in HABP staining. The messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of HAS2 and KIAA1199 was upregulated in OA cartilage, while the mRNA expression of genes related to HA catabolism in ONFH cartilage showed mostly a downward trend. The MW of HA in OA cartilage increased while that in ONFH cartilage decreased. HA metabolism in ONFH is suggested to be generally indolent, and is activated in OA including high expression of KIAA1199. Interestingly, MW of HA in OA cartilage was not reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiarui Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Nishida
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.,Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Koike
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kan Ito
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Lisheng Zhuo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kazuki Nishida
- Department of Biostatistics Section, Center for Advanced Medicine and Clinical Research, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Koji Kimata
- Multidisciplinary Pain Center, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kunihiro Ikuta
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Sakai
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Urakawa
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Taisuke Seki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Shiro Imagama
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
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Evrard C, Lambert de Rouvroit C, Poumay Y. Epidermal Hyaluronan in Barrier Alteration-Related Disease. Cells 2021; 10:3096. [PMID: 34831319 PMCID: PMC8618819 DOI: 10.3390/cells10113096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In skin, although the extracellular matrix (ECM) is highly developed in dermis and hypodermis, discrete intercellular spaces between cells of the living epidermal layers are also filled with ECM components. Herein, we review knowledge about structure, localization and role of epidermal hyaluronan (HA), a key ECM molecule. HA is a non-sulfated glycosaminoglycan non-covalently bound to proteins or lipids. Components of the basal lamina maintain some segregation between the epidermis and the underlying dermis, and all epidermal HA is locally synthesized and degraded. Functions of HA in keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation are still controversial. However, through interactions with partners, such as the TSG-6 protein, HA is involved in the formation, organization and stabilization of the epidermal ECM. In addition, epidermal HA is involved in the formation of an efficient epidermal barrier made of cornified keratinocytes. In atopic dermatitis (AD) with profuse alterations of the epidermal barrier, HA is produced in larger amounts by keratinocytes than in normal skin. Epidermal HA inside AD lesional skin is located in enlarged intercellular spaces, likely as the result of disease-related modifications of HA metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yves Poumay
- Research Unit for Molecular Physiology (URPhyM), Department of Medicine, Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (NARILIS), University of Namur, B-5000 Namur, Belgium; (C.E.); (C.L.d.R.)
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3
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Modulation of Gene Expression in a Sterile Atopic Dermatitis Model and Inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus Adhesion by Fucoidan. Dermatopathology (Basel) 2021; 8:69-83. [PMID: 33806193 PMCID: PMC8103255 DOI: 10.3390/dermatopathology8020012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis is a multifactorial pathology that includes perturbations of gene expression and increased adhesion of Staphylococcus aureus. Fucoidans are seaweed-derived sulfated fucose-rich polysaccharides that are known to be anti-inflammatory and may inhibit adhesion of pathogens. Fucoidan was assessed for effects on gene expression of an in vitro 3D model of atopic dermatitis. It was also assessed for inhibitory effects on the adhesion of bacteria onto 3D reconstructed skin. Fucoidan significantly altered gene expression in the atopic dermatitis model, and there was a trend to reduce periostin levels. Fucoidan significantly inhibited the adhesion of Staphylococcus aureus and Cutibacterium acnes but did not affect the adhesion of Staphylococcus epidermidis. Fucoidan may be a useful topical agent to assist in the management of atopic dermatitis.
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How KN, Yap WH, Lim CLH, Goh BH, Lai ZW. Hyaluronic Acid-Mediated Drug Delivery System Targeting for Inflammatory Skin Diseases: A Mini Review. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:1105. [PMID: 32848737 PMCID: PMC7397973 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.01105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid (HA), a major component of extracellular matrix has been widely applied in pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries due to its reported pharmacological properties. Various types of HA drug delivery system including nanoparticles, cryogel-based formulations, microneedle patches, and nano-emulsions were developed. There are studies reporting that several HA-based transdermal delivery systems exhibit excellent biocompatibility, enhanced permeability and efficient localized release of anti-psoriasis drugs and have shown to inhibit psoriasis-associated skin inflammation. Similarly HA is found in abundant at epidermis of atopic dermatitis (AD) suggesting its role in atopic AD pathology. Anti-allergenic effect of atopic eczema can be achieved through the inhibition of CD44 and protein kinase C alpha (PKCα) interaction by HA. Herein, we aim to evaluate the current innovation on HA drug delivery system and the other potential applications of HA in inflammatory skin diseases, focusing on atopic dermatitis and psoriasis. HA is typically integrated into different delivery systems including nanoparticles, liposomes, ethosomes and microneedle patches in supporting drug penetration through the stratum corneum layer of the skin. For instance, ethosomes and microneedle delivery system such as curcumin-loaded HA-modified ethosomes were developed to enhance skin retention and delivery of curcumin to CD44-expressing psoriatic cells whereas methotrexate-loaded HA-based microneedle was shown to enhance skin penetration of methotrexate to alleviate psoriasis-like skin inflammation. HA-based nanoparticles and pluronic F-127 based dual responsive (pH/temperature) hydrogels had been described to enhance drug permeation through and into the intact skin for AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Nien How
- Dermatology Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Wei Hsum Yap
- Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, School of Biosciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Calvin Lai Hock Lim
- Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, School of Biosciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Bey Hing Goh
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Biofunctional Molecule Exploratory Research Group (BMEX), School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
| | - Zee Wei Lai
- Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, School of Biosciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
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Kaya G, Kaya A, Sorg O, Saurat JH. Dermatoporosis: a further step to recognition. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2019; 32:189-191. [PMID: 29465833 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.14777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G Kaya
- Department of Dermatology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - A Kaya
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - O Sorg
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - J-H Saurat
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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6
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Dermatoporosis, a prevalent skin condition affecting the elderly: current situation and potential treatments. Clin Dermatol 2019; 37:346-350. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2019.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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7
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Murakami M, Muto J, Masuda-Kuroki K, Tsuda T, Mori H, Utsunomiya R, Shiraishi K, Sayama K. Pompholyx vesicles contain small clusters of cells with high levels of hyaluronate resembling the pustulovesicles of palmoplantar pustulosis. Br J Dermatol 2019; 181:1325-1327. [PMID: 31254390 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.18261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Murakami
- Department of Dermatology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
| | - J Muto
- Department of Dermatology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
| | - K Masuda-Kuroki
- Department of Dermatology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Tsuda
- Department of Dermatology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
| | - H Mori
- Department of Dermatology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
| | - R Utsunomiya
- Department of Dermatology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
| | - K Shiraishi
- Department of Dermatology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
| | - K Sayama
- Department of Dermatology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
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Kavasi RM, Berdiaki A, Spyridaki I, Papoutsidakis A, Corsini E, Tsatsakis A, Tzanakakis GN, Nikitovic D. Contact allergen (PPD and DNCB)-induced keratinocyte sensitization is partly mediated through a low molecular weight hyaluronan (LMWHA)/TLR4/NF-κB signaling axis. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2019; 377:114632. [PMID: 31226360 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2019.114632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is caused by topical exposure to chemical allergens. Keratinocytes play a key role in innate immunity, as well as in ACD progression. The transmembrane Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), strongly implicated in skin inflammation, has the ability to bind Damage Associated Molecular Patterns (DAMPs), like Low Molecular Weight Hyaluronan (LMWHA). Previously, we had determined that p-phenylenediamine (PPD) and 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) modulate keratinocyte HA deposition in a manner correlated to their sensitization. In the present study, we aimed to investigate putative co-operation of HA and TLR4 in the process of PPD and DNCB-induced keratinocyte activation. Contact sensitizers were shown to significantly increase the expression of Hyaluronan Synthases (HAS) and TLR4 in NCTC2544 human keratinocytes, as demonstrated by western blot and Real-Time PCR. These data, in correlation to earlier shown enhanced HA degradation suggest that the contact sensitizers facilitate HA turnover of keratinocytes and increase the release of pro-inflammatory, LMWHA fragments. Treatment with exogenous LMWHA enhanced TLR4, HAS levels and Nuclear factor-kappa beta (NF-κΒ) activation. PPD, DNCB and LMWHA-effects were shown to be partly executed through TLR4 downstream signaling as shown by Real-Time, western blot, siRNA and confocal microscopy approaches. Specifically, PPD and DNCB stimulated the activation of the TLR4 downstream mediator NF-κB. Therefore, the shown upregulation of TLR4 expression is suggested to further facilitate the release of endogenous, bioactive HA fragments and sustain keratinocyte activation. In conclusion, keratinocyte contact allergen-dependent sensitization is partly mediated through a LMWHA/TLR4/ NF-κB signaling axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela-Maria Kavasi
- Laboratory of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Aikaterini Berdiaki
- Laboratory of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Ioanna Spyridaki
- Laboratory of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Antonis Papoutsidakis
- Laboratory of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Emanuela Corsini
- Laboratory of Toxicology, ESP, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Department of Forensic Sciences and Toxicology, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - George N Tzanakakis
- Laboratory of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Dragana Nikitovic
- Laboratory of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece.
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Kim E, Kim D, Yoo S, Hong YH, Han SY, Jeong S, Jeong D, Kim JH, Cho JY, Park J. The skin protective effects of compound K, a metabolite of ginsenoside Rb1 from Panax ginseng. J Ginseng Res 2018; 42:218-224. [PMID: 29719469 PMCID: PMC5925615 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2017.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Revised: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Compound K (CK) is a ginsenoside, a metabolite of Panax ginseng. There is interest both in increasing skin health and antiaging using natural skin care products. In this study, we explored the possibility of using CK as a cosmetic ingredient. METHODS To assess the antiaging effect of CK, RT-PCR was performed, and expression levels of matrix metalloproteinase-1, cyclooxygenase-2, and type I collagen were measured under UVB irradiation conditions. The skin hydrating effect of CK was tested by RT-PCR, and its regulation was explored through immunoblotting. Melanin content, melanin secretion, and tyrosinase activity assays were performed. RESULTS CK treatment reduced the production of matrix metalloproteinase-1 and cyclooxygenase-2 in UVB irradiated NIH3T3 cells and recovered type I collagen expression level. Expression of skin hydrating factors-filaggrin, transglutaminase, and hyaluronic acid synthases-1 and -2-were augmented by CK and were modulated through the inhibitor of κBα, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, or extracellular signal-regulated kinases pathway. In the melanogenic response, CK did not regulate tyrosinase activity and melanin secretion, but increased melanin content in B16F10 cells was observed. CONCLUSION Our data showed that CK has antiaging and hydrating effects. We suggest that CK could be used in cosmetic products to protect the skin from UVB rays and increase skin moisture level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunji Kim
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Donghyun Kim
- Material Lab, Basic Research & Innovation Division, R&D Center, AmorePacific Corporation, Republic of Korea
| | - Sulgi Yoo
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yo Han Hong
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Yun Han
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonggu Jeong
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Deok Jeong
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Hoon Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Youl Cho
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Junseong Park
- Department of Engineering Chemistry, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
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De Vuyst E, Salmon M, Evrard C, Lambert de Rouvroit C, Poumay Y. Atopic Dermatitis Studies through In Vitro Models. Front Med (Lausanne) 2017; 4:119. [PMID: 28791291 PMCID: PMC5523664 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2017.00119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a complex inflammatory skin condition that is not fully understood. Epidermal barrier defects and Th2 immune response dysregulations are thought to play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of the disease. A vicious circle takes place between these alterations, and it can further be complicated by additional genetic and environmental factors. Studies investigating in more depth the etiology of the disease are thus needed in order to develop functional treatments. In recent years, there have been significant advances regarding in vitro models reproducing important features of AD. However, since a lot of models have been developed, finding the appropriate experimental setting can be difficult. Therefore, herein, we review the different types of in vitro models mimicking features of AD. The simplest models are two-dimensional culture systems composed of immune cells or keratinocytes, whereas three-dimensional skin or epidermal equivalents reconstitute more complex stratified tissues exhibiting barrier properties. In those models, hallmarks of AD are obtained, either by challenging tissues with interleukin cocktails overexpressed in AD epidermis or by silencing expression of pivotal genes encoding epidermal barrier proteins. Tissue equivalents cocultured with lymphocytes or containing AD patient cells are also described. Furthermore, each model is placed in its study context with a brief summary of the main results obtained. In conclusion, the described in vitro models are useful tools to better understand AD pathogenesis, but also to screen new compounds in the field of AD, which probably will open the way to new preventive or therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyne De Vuyst
- Cell and Tissue Laboratory, URPhyM-NARILIS, University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
| | | | - Céline Evrard
- Cell and Tissue Laboratory, URPhyM-NARILIS, University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
| | | | - Yves Poumay
- Cell and Tissue Laboratory, URPhyM-NARILIS, University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
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11
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HA metabolism in skin homeostasis and inflammatory disease. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 101:128-138. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Revised: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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12
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Dos Santos M, Metral E, Boher A, Rousselle P, Thepot A, Damour O. In vitro 3-D model based on extending time of culture for studying chronological epidermis aging. Matrix Biol 2015; 47:85-97. [PMID: 25840344 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2015.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Revised: 03/21/2015] [Accepted: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Skin aging is a complex phenomenon in which several mechanisms operate simultaneously. Among them, intrinsic aging is a time-dependent process, which leads to gradual skin changes affecting its structure and function such as thinning down of both epidermal and dermal compartments and a flattening and fragility of the dermo-epidermal junction. Today, several approaches have been proposed for the generation of aged skin in vitro, including skin explants from aged donors and three-dimensional skin equivalent treated by aging-inducing chemical compounds or engineered with human cells isolated from aged donors. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a new in vitro model of aging based on skin equivalent demonstrating the same phenotypic changes that were observed in chronological aging. By using prolonged culture as a proxy for cellular aging, we extended to 120 days the culture time of a skin equivalent model based on collagen-glycosaminoglycan-chitosan porous polymer and engineered with human skin cells from photo-protected sites of young donors. Morphological, immunohistological and ultrastructural analysis at different time points of the culture allowed characterizing the phenotypic changes observed in our model in comparison to samples of non photo-exposed normal human skin from different ages. We firstly confirmed that long-term cultured skin equivalents are still morphologically consistent and functionally active even after 120 days of culture. However, similar to in vivo chronological skin aging a significant decrease of the epidermis thickness as well as the number of keratinocyte expressing proliferation marker Ki67 are observed in extended culture time skin equivalent. Epidermal differentiation markers loricrin, filaggrin, involucrin and transglutaminase, also strongly decreased. Ultrastructural analysis of basement membrane showed typical features of aged skin such as duplication of lamina densa and alterations of hemidesmosomes. Moreover, the expression of hyaluronan and its surface receptor CD44 drastically decreased as observed during chronological skin aging. Finally, we found that the level of p16INK4A expression significantly increased supporting cellular senescence process associated to our model. To conclude, the major morphological and ultrastructural epidermal modifications observed in both our extended culture skin equivalent model and skin biopsies from old donors validate the relevance of our model for studying chronological aging, understanding and elucidating age-related modifications of basic skin biological processes. In addition, our model provides a unique tool for identifying new targeted molecules intended at improving the appearance of aging skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan Dos Santos
- Laboratoire des Substituts Cutanés, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, 5 place d'Arsonval, Pavillon i, 69437, Lyon, France; Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie Thérapeutique, Institut de Biologie et Chimie des Protéines, UMR 5305, CNRS, Univ. Lyon 1, SFR BioSciences Gerland-Lyon Sud, 7 passage du Vercors, 69367, Lyon, France
| | - Elodie Metral
- Laboratoire des Substituts Cutanés, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, 5 place d'Arsonval, Pavillon i, 69437, Lyon, France
| | - Aurélie Boher
- LabSkin Creations, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, 5 place d'Arsonval, Pavillon i, 69437, Lyon, France
| | - Patricia Rousselle
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie Thérapeutique, Institut de Biologie et Chimie des Protéines, UMR 5305, CNRS, Univ. Lyon 1, SFR BioSciences Gerland-Lyon Sud, 7 passage du Vercors, 69367, Lyon, France
| | - Amélie Thepot
- LabSkin Creations, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, 5 place d'Arsonval, Pavillon i, 69437, Lyon, France.
| | - Odile Damour
- Laboratoire des Substituts Cutanés, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, 5 place d'Arsonval, Pavillon i, 69437, Lyon, France; Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie Thérapeutique, Institut de Biologie et Chimie des Protéines, UMR 5305, CNRS, Univ. Lyon 1, SFR BioSciences Gerland-Lyon Sud, 7 passage du Vercors, 69367, Lyon, France
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di Martino E, Kelly G, Roulson JA, Knowles MA. Alteration of cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesion in urothelial cells: an oncogenic mechanism for mutant FGFR3. Mol Cancer Res 2014; 13:138-48. [PMID: 25223521 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-14-0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Activating mutations of FGFR3 are a common and early event in bladder cancer. Ectopic expression of mutant FGFR3 in normal urothelial cells has both pro-proliferative and antiapoptotic effects at confluence, suggesting that mutant cells are insensitive to cell-cell contact inhibition. Herein, detailed analysis revealed that these cells have reduced cell-cell adhesion, with large intercellular spaces observable at confluence, and diminished cell-substrate adhesion to collagen IV, collagen I, and fibronectin. These phenotypic alterations are accompanied by changes in the expression of genes involved in cell adhesion and extracellular matrix remodeling. Silencing of endogenous mutant FGFR3 in bladder cancer cells induced converse changes in transcript levels of CDH16, PLAU, MMP10, EPCAM, TNC, and HAS3, confirming them as downstream gene targets of mutant FGFR3. Overexpression of EPCAM, HAS3, and MMP10 transcripts was found in a large fraction of primary bladder tumors analyzed, supporting their key role in bladder tumorigenesis in vivo. However, no correlation was found between their protein and/or mRNA expression and FGFR3 mutation status in tumor specimens, indicating that these genes may be targeted by several converging oncogenic pathways. Overall, these results indicate that mutant FGFR3 favors the development and progression of premalignant bladder lesions by altering key genes regulating the cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesive properties of urothelial cells. IMPLICATIONS The ability of mutant FGFR3 to drive transcriptional expression profiles involved in tumor cell adhesion suggests a mechanism for expansion of premalignant urothelial lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica di Martino
- Section of Experimental Oncology, Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, St. James's University Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Gavin Kelly
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Service, Cancer Research UK, London Research Institute, Lincoln's Inn Fields Laboratories, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jo-An Roulson
- Section of Pathology and Tumour Biology, Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, St. James's University Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Margaret A Knowles
- Section of Experimental Oncology, Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, St. James's University Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom.
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14
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Malaisse J, Bourguignon V, De Vuyst E, Lambert de Rouvroit C, Nikkels AF, Flamion B, Poumay Y. Hyaluronan metabolism in human keratinocytes and atopic dermatitis skin is driven by a balance of hyaluronan synthases 1 and 3. J Invest Dermatol 2014; 134:2174-2182. [PMID: 24658508 DOI: 10.1038/jid.2014.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2013] [Revised: 02/21/2014] [Accepted: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Hyaluronan (HA) is a glycosaminoglycan synthesized directly into the extracellular matrix by three hyaluronan synthases (HAS1, HAS2, and HAS3). HA is abundantly synthesized by keratinocytes but its epidermal functions remain unclear. We used culture models to grow human keratinocytes as autocrine monolayers or as reconstructed human epidermis (RHE) to assess HA synthesis and HAS expression levels during the course of keratinocyte differentiation. In both the models, epidermal differentiation downregulates HAS3 mRNA expression while increasing HAS1 without significant changes in hyaluronidase expression. HA production correlates with HAS1 mRNA expression level during normal differentiation. To investigate the regulation of HAS gene expression during inflammatory conditions linked to perturbed differentiation, lesional and non-lesional skin biopsies of atopic dermatitis (AD) patients were analyzed. HAS3 mRNA expression level increases in AD lesions compared with healthy and non-lesional skin. Simultaneously, HAS1 expression decreases. Heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF) is upregulated in AD epidermis. An AD-like HAS expression pattern is observed in RHE incubated with HB-EGF. These results indicate that HAS1 is the main enzyme responsible for HA production by normal keratinocytes and thus, must be considered as an actor of normal keratinocyte differentiation. In contrast, HAS3 can be induced by HB-EGF and seems mainly involved in AD epidermis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémy Malaisse
- Research Unit of Molecular Physiology (URPHYM), NARILIS, University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
| | - Virginie Bourguignon
- Research Unit of Molecular Physiology (URPHYM), NARILIS, University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
| | - Evelyne De Vuyst
- Research Unit of Molecular Physiology (URPHYM), NARILIS, University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
| | | | - Arjen F Nikkels
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Bruno Flamion
- Research Unit of Molecular Physiology (URPHYM), NARILIS, University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
| | - Yves Poumay
- Research Unit of Molecular Physiology (URPHYM), NARILIS, University of Namur, Namur, Belgium.
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Inhibition of Putative Hyalurosome Platform in Keratinocytes as a Mechanism for Corticosteroid-Induced Epidermal Atrophy. J Invest Dermatol 2013; 133:1017-26. [DOI: 10.1038/jid.2012.439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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16
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Abstract
Dermatoporosis is a novel term proposed to describe the chronic cutaneous insufficiency/fragility syndrome characterized by an extreme skin atrophy. Dermatoporosis is principally due to chronological aging and long-term and unprotected sun exposure, but it may also result from the chronic use of topical and systemic corticosteroids. We have recently proposed a membrane organelle, hyalurosome, composed of molecules involved in hyaluronate (HA) metabolism and cell signaling in the keratinocytes, such as principal HA receptor CD44, heparin-binding epidermal growth factor (HB-EGF), HB-EGF receptor erbB1 and HA synthase 3 (HAS3), which is functionally defective in dermatoporosis and may be a target for intervention. Several lines of evidence suggest that hyalurosome is located in keratinocyte filopodia, thin, actin-rich plasma membrane protrusions implicated in cell motility. We have recently shown that keratinocyte filopodia are downregulated by corticosteroids in vitro. Intermediate size HA fragments (HAFi) inhibited the downregulation of filopodia induced by corticosteroids. Topical HAFi prevented the skin atrophy induced by topical corticosteroids in mice without interfering with their anti-inflammatory effect. Topical treatment with HAFi 1% of atrophic forearm skin of dermatoporosis patients for 1 month resulted in a significant clinical improvement and induced the expression of hyalurosome molecules. Topical retinaldehyde (RAL) and HAFi showed a synergy in HA production and pro-HB-EGF expression in mouse skin and in the correction of skin atrophy in dermatoporosis patients. Uncovering the molecular mechanisms implicating hyalurosome seems to be crucial to better understand the pathogenesis of dermatoporosis and to develop new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Kaya
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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