1
|
Effects of Genistein on Common Kidney Diseases. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14183768. [PMID: 36145144 PMCID: PMC9506319 DOI: 10.3390/nu14183768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Genistein is a naturally occurring phytoestrogen (soy or soybean products) that is classified as an isoflavone, and its structure is similar to that of endogenous estrogens; therefore, genistein can exert an estrogen-like effect via estrogen receptors. Additionally, genistein is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, which enables it to block abnormal cell growth and proliferation signals through the inhibition of tyrosine kinase. Genistein is also an angiogenesis inhibitor and an antioxidant. Genistein has effects on kidney cells, some of the kidney’s physiological functions, and a variety of kidney diseases. First, genistein exerts a protective effect on normal cells by reducing the inflammatory response, inhibiting apoptosis, inhibiting oxidative stress, inhibiting remodeling, etc., but after cell injury, the protective effect of genistein decreases or even has the opposite effect. Second, genistein can regulate renin intake to maintain blood pressure balance, regulate calcium uptake to regulate Ca2+ and Pi balances, and reduce vasodilation to promote diuresis. Third, genistein has beneficial effects on a variety of kidney diseases (including acute kidney disease, kidney cancer, and different chronic kidney diseases), such as reducing symptoms, delaying disease progression, and improving prognosis. Therefore, this paper reviews animal and human studies on the protective effects of genistein on the kidney in vivo and in vitro to provide a reference for clinical research in the future.
Collapse
|
2
|
Activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1α ameliorates mitochondrial dysfunction and protects podocytes from aldosterone-induced injury. Kidney Int 2012; 82:771-89. [DOI: 10.1038/ki.2012.188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
3
|
Kim YS, Park HJ, Joo SY, Hong MH, Kim KH, Hong YJ, Kim JH, Park HW, Jeong MH, Cho JG, Park JC, Ahn Y. The Protective Effect of Curcumin on Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Korean Circ J 2008. [DOI: 10.4070/kcj.2008.38.7.353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Sook Kim
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Hye Jeong Park
- The Heart Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Soo Yeon Joo
- The Heart Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Moon Hwa Hong
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Kye Hun Kim
- The Heart Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Young Joon Hong
- The Heart Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Ju Han Kim
- The Heart Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Hyung Wook Park
- The Heart Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Myung Ho Jeong
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
- The Heart Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
- Clinical Trial Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jeong Gwan Cho
- The Heart Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jong Chun Park
- The Heart Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Youngkeun Ahn
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
- The Heart Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
- Clinical Trial Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hung WC, Huang DD, Chien PS, Yeh CM, Chen PY, Chi WC, Huang HJ. Protein tyrosine dephosphorylation during copper-induced cell death in rice roots. CHEMOSPHERE 2007; 69:55-62. [PMID: 17585992 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2007.04.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2006] [Revised: 04/17/2007] [Accepted: 04/25/2007] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Early signalling events that control the process of heavy metal-induced cell death are largely unknown in plants. In mammals protein tyrosine phosphorylation plays an important role in the activation of programmed cell death. We thus examined the involvement of tyrosine phosphorylation in Cu-induced rice cell death. This investigation demonstrates that Cu induces cell death and DNA fragmentation in rice root cells. In the presence of Cu, the level of phosphotyrosine accumulation declined in the band of 45 kDa, p45. To analyze the role of tyrosine dephosphorylation for the regulation of Cu-induced cell death more precisely, we increased levels of tyrosine phosphorylation using the protein tyrosine phosphatase inhibitor, sodium orthovanadate (Na(3)VO(4)). Treatment of rice roots with Na(3)VO(4) blocked Cu-induced cell death and protein tyrosine dephosphorylation. In addition, the antioxidant GSH and the calcium chelator EGTA significantly abolished Cu-induced cell death and protein tyrosine dephosphorylation. These results provide evidence that dephosphorylation of a tyrosine-phosphorylated protein, p45, is an important step in the Cu-triggered signalling transduction pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Chi Hung
- Department of Life Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1 University Road, 701 Tainan, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
de Graauw M, Le Dévédec S, Tijdens I, Smeets MB, Deelder AM, van de Water B. Proteomic Analysis of Alternative Protein Tyrosine Phosphorylation in 1,2-Dichlorovinyl-Cysteine-Induced Cytotoxicity in Primary Cultured Rat Renal Proximal Tubular Cells. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2007; 322:89-100. [PMID: 17442843 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.106.117689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Toxicant exposure affects the activity of various protein tyrosine kinases. Using phosphotyrosine proteomics, we identified proteins that were differentially phosphorylated before renal cell detachment and apoptosis. Treatment of primary cultured rat proximal tubular epithelial cells with the model nephrotoxicant S-(1,2-dichlorovinyl)-L-cysteine (DCVC) resulted in early reorganization of F-actin stress fibers and formation of lamellipodia, which was followed by cell detachment from the matrix and apoptosis. This was prevented by genistein-mediated inhibition of protein tyrosine kinases and enhanced by inhibition of protein tyrosine phosphatases using vanadate. Phosphotyrosine proteomics revealed that DCVC-induced renal cell apoptosis was preceded by changes in the tyrosine phosphorylation status of a subset of proteins, as identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization/time of flight-mass spectrometry (MS)/MS including actin-related protein 2 (Arp2), cytokeratin 8, t-complex protein 1 (TCP-1), chaperone containing TCP-1, and gelsolin precursor. The major differentially tyrosine-phosphorylated protein was Arp2, whereas phosphorylation of Arp3 was not affected. Arp2 was located in the lamellipodia that were formed before the onset of apoptosis. Because DCVC-induced cell detachment and apoptosis is regulated by tyrosine kinases, we propose that alterations in tyrosine phosphorylation of a subset of proteins, including Arp2, play a role in the regulation of the F-actin reorganization and lamellipodia formation that precede renal cell apoptosis caused by nephrotoxicants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marjo de Graauw
- Division of Toxicology, Leiden/Amsterdam Center for Drug Research, Gorlaeus Laboratoria, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Devarajan P, Mishra J, Supavekin S, Patterson LT, Steven Potter S. Gene expression in early ischemic renal injury: clues towards pathogenesis, biomarker discovery, and novel therapeutics. Mol Genet Metab 2003; 80:365-76. [PMID: 14654349 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2003.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Acute renal failure (ARF) represents a common and serious problem in clinical medicine. Renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is the major cause of ARF in the native and transplanted kidney. Several decades of research have provided successful therapeutic approaches in animal models, but translational efforts in humans have yielded disappointing results. The major reasons for this include a lack of early markers for ARF (and hence a delay in initiating therapy), and the multi-factorial nature of the disease. This review focuses on the use of cDNA microarrays to elucidate the molecular genetic mechanisms underlying tubule cell apoptosis, and to identify novel biomarkers for early renal IRI. Also presented is a comparative temporal analysis of cDNA microarray results from mature kidneys following IRI and during normal nephrogenesis. Molecular genetic evidence for the notion that regeneration recapitulates development in the kidney, and that injured tubule cells possess the capacity to de-differentiate to the earliest stages of development, is presented. The implications of these findings to the ability of the kidney to repair itself and potential strategies for accelerating recovery are briefly discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prasad Devarajan
- Department of Nephrology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Medical Center and Research Foundation, 3333 Burnet Avenue, MLC 7022, Cincinnati, OH 45229-3039, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Plaisance I, Duthe F, Sarrouilhe D, Hervé JC. The metabolic inhibitor antimycin A can disrupt cell-to-cell communication by an ATP- and Ca(2+)-independent mechanism. Pflugers Arch 2003; 447:181-94. [PMID: 14504927 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-003-1158-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2003] [Revised: 06/27/2003] [Accepted: 07/24/2003] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In cardiac myocytes of new-born rats, the degree of intercellular communication through gap junctional channels closely depends on the metabolic state of the cells. In contrast, in stably transfected HeLa cells expressing rat cardiac connexin43 (Cx43, the main channel-forming protein present in ventricular myocytes), a major part of junctional communication persisted in ATP-depleted conditions, in the presence of a metabolic inhibitor (KCN) or of a broad spectrum inhibitor of protein kinases (H7). However, another metabolic inhibitor, antimycin A, which like cyanide inhibits electron transfer in the respiratory chain, totally interrupted cell-to-cell communication between Cx43-HeLa cells, even in whole-cell conditions, when ATP (5 mM) was present. Antimycin A caused a modest increase in cytosolic calcium concentration; however, junctional uncoupling still occurred when this rise was prevented. Conditions of ischemic insult (e.g. ischemia or chemical hypoxia) frequently cause the activation of protein kinases, particularly of Src and MAP kinases, and such activations are known to markedly disrupt gap junctional communication. Antimycin-induced junctional uncoupling occurred even in the presence of inhibitors of these kinases. Antimycin A appears able to cause junctional uncoupling either through the ATP depletion it induces as a metabolic poison or via a direct action on gap junction constituents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Plaisance
- Communications Jonctionnelles, UMR CNRS 6558, Faculté de Sciences Fondamentales et Appliquées, Université de Poitiers, 40 avenue du R. Pineau, 86022 Poitiers, France
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Moffatt J, Kennedy DO, Kojima A, Hasuma T, Yano Y, Otani S, Murakami A, Koshimizu K, Ohigashi H, Matsui-Yuasa I. Involvement of protein tyrosine phosphorylation and reduction of cellular sulfhydryl groups in cell death induced by 1' -acetoxychavicol acetate in Ehrlich ascites tumor cells. Chem Biol Interact 2002; 139:215-30. [PMID: 11823008 DOI: 10.1016/s0009-2797(01)00301-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Elucidation of the mechanisms underlying potential anticancer drugs continues and unraveling these mechanisms would not only provide a conceptual framework for drug design but also promote use of natural products for chemotherapy. To further evaluate the efficacy of the anticancer activity of 1'-acetoxychavicol acetate (ACA), this study investigates the underlying mechanisms by which ACA induces death of Ehrlich ascites tumor cells. ACA treatment induced loss of cell viability, and Western blotting analysis revealed that the compound stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation of several proteins with 27 and 70 kDa proteins being regulated in both dose- and time-dependent manner prior to loss of viability. Protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor herbimycin A moderately protected cells from ACA-induced toxicity. In addition, cellular glutathione and protein sulfydryl groups were also significantly reduced both dose- and time-dependently during evidence of cell death. Replenishing thiol levels by antioxidant, N-acetylcysteine (NAC), an excellent supplier of glutathione and precursor of glutathione, substantially recovered the viability loss, but the recovery being time-dependent, as late addition of NAC (at least 30 min after ACA addition to cultures) was, however, ineffective. Addition of NAC to ACA treated cultures also abolished tyrosine phosphorylation of the 27 kDa protein. These results, at least partly, identify cellular sulfhydryl groups and protein tyrosine phosphorylation as targets of ACA cytotoxicity in tumor cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jerry Moffatt
- Department of Food and Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Human Life Science, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Devarajan P, De Leon M, Talasazan F, Schoenfeld AR, Davidowitz EJ, Burk RD. The von Hippel-Lindau gene product inhibits renal cell apoptosis via Bcl-2-dependent pathways. J Biol Chem 2001; 276:40599-605. [PMID: 11514546 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m103424200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have reported a protective role for the von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) gene products against pro-apoptotic cellular stresses, but the mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we examined the role of VHL in renal cells subjected to chemical hypoxia, using four VHL-negative and two VHL-positive cell lines. VHL-negative renal carcinoma cells underwent apoptosis following chemical hypoxia (short-term glucose deprivation and antimycin treatment), as evidenced by morphologic changes and internucleosomal DNA cleavage. Reintroduction of VHL expression prevented this apoptosis. VHL-negative cells displayed a significant (greater than 5-fold) activation of caspase 9 and release of cytochrome c into the cytosol following chemical hypoxia. In contrast, VHL-positive cells showed minimal caspase 9 activation, and absence of cytochrome c release under the same conditions. Caspase 8 was only minimally activated in both VHL-negative and -positive cells. In addition, VHL-positive cells displayed a striking up-regulation of Bcl-2 expression (5-fold) following chemical hypoxia. Antisense oligonucleotides to Bcl-2 significantly down-regulated Bcl-2 protein expression in VHL-positive cells and rendered them sensitive to apoptosis. Overexpression of Bcl-2 in VHL-negative cells conferred resistance to apoptosis. Our results suggest that VHL protects renal cells from apoptosis via Bcl-2-dependent pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Devarajan
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Morin D, Barthélémy S, Zini R, Labidalle S, Tillement JP. Curcumin induces the mitochondrial permeability transition pore mediated by membrane protein thiol oxidation. FEBS Lett 2001; 495:131-6. [PMID: 11322961 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-5793(01)02376-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin is a natural compound showing antiproliferative properties. Recent studies suggest that these properties might be due to its ability to induce apoptosis in tumor cells. As mitochondria play a pivotal role in the induction of the apoptotic process, we analyzed the effect of curcumin on mitochondrial function. Curcumin induced an increase in rat liver mitochondrial membrane permeability, resulting in swelling, loss of membrane potential and inhibition of ATP synthesis. These effects were mediated by the opening of the permeability transition pore. Curcumin pore induction involved the oxidation of membrane thiol functions and required the presence of low Ca(2+) concentrations. These data suggest that mitochondria might be a target by which curcumin induces apoptosis of tumor cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Morin
- Laboratoire de Pharmacologie, Faculté de Médecine, Créteil, France.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
JONES ERICA, SHOSKES DANIELA. THE EFFECT OF MYCOPHENOLATE MOFETIL AND POLYPHENOLIC BIOFLAVONOIDS ON RENAL ISCHEMIA REPERFUSION INJURY AND REPAIR. J Urol 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-5347(05)67871-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- ERIC A. JONES
- From the Division of Urology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California
| | - DANIEL A. SHOSKES
- From the Division of Urology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
THE EFFECT OF MYCOPHENOLATE MOFETIL AND POLYPHENOLIC BIOFLAVONOIDS ON RENAL ISCHEMIA REPERFUSION INJURY AND REPAIR. J Urol 2000. [DOI: 10.1097/00005392-200003000-00086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
|
13
|
Cragg MS, Howatt WJ, Bloodworth L, Anderson VA, Morgan BP, Glennie MJ. Complement mediated cell death is associated with DNA fragmentation. Cell Death Differ 2000; 7:48-58. [PMID: 10713720 DOI: 10.1038/sj.cdd.4400627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we demonstrate for the first time that complement attack of target cells, in the presence of suitably high levels of serum, can induce the oligonucleosomal DNA fragmentation characteristic of apoptosis. This phenomenon requires membrane permeabilisation induced by formation of the complete membrane attack complex and relies on physiologically relevant levels of serum. TUNEL analysis detected complement mediated DNA fragmentation as early as 30 min after the addition of serum and electron microscopy confirmed that chromatin became condensed after complement attack. Various experiments implicate serum DNase I as the mediator of this DNA fragmentation. Intriguingly, membrane permeability induced by melittin gave rise to similar serum dependent DNA fragmentation. The implications of these results for the study of apoptosis in vitro and in vivo are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M S Cragg
- Cancer Sciences Division, Tenovus Laboratory, Southampton University Hospital, Southampton SO16 6YD
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Hehner SP, Hofmann TG, Ratter F, Dröge W, Schmitz ML. Inhibition of tyrosine phosphatases antagonizes CD95-mediated apoptosis. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1999; 264:132-9. [PMID: 10447681 DOI: 10.1046/j.1432-1327.1999.00587.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Ligation of the CD95 receptor resulted in a transient increase of cellular tyrosine phosphorylation. The inhibition of protein tyrosine phosphatases by pervanadate, a potent activator of B cells and T cells through the induction of tyrosine phosphorylation and downstream signaling events in the activation cascade, antagonized CD95-triggered apoptosis. Pervanadate exerted its inhibitory effect only during the early phase of apoptosis prior to the CD95-induced decrease of the mitochondrial transmembrane potential. Inhibition of tyrosine phosphatases delayed the cleavage and activation of caspase-8 and caspase-3 and antagonized the tyrosine dephosphorylation of the CD95 receptor-associated phosphoproteins p61 and p89/92. In contrast, ligation of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor resulted in a continuous tyrosine dephosphorylation of cellular proteins. Pervanadate-induced tyrosine phosphorylation increased the TNF-alpha-induced cytotoxicity and NF-kappaB activation, suggesting that it stimulates early signaling events prior to the separation of the two signaling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S P Hehner
- Department of Immunochemistry, German Cancer Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Feldenberg LR, Thevananther S, del Rio M, de Leon M, Devarajan P. Partial ATP depletion induces Fas- and caspase-mediated apoptosis in MDCK cells. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY 1999; 276:F837-46. [PMID: 10362772 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.1999.276.6.f837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Brief periods of in vitro hypoxia/ischemia induce apoptosis of cultured renal epithelial cells, but the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. We show that partial ATP depletion (approximately 10-65% of control) results in a duration-dependent induction of apoptosis in Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells, as evidenced by internucleosomal DNA cleavage (DNA laddering and in situ nick end labeling), morphological changes (cell shrinkage), and plasma membrane alterations (externalization of phosphatidylserine). The ATP-depleted cells display a significant upregulation of Fas, Fas ligand, and the Fas-associating protein with death domain (FADD). Exogenous application of stimulatory Fas monoclonal antibodies also induces apoptosis in nonischemic MDCK cells, indicating that they retain Fas-dependent pathways of programmed cell death. Furthermore, cleavage of poly(ADP)ribose polymerase (PARP) is evident after ATP depletion, indicating activation of caspases. Indeed, the apoptotic cells display a significant increase in caspase-8 (FLICE) activity. Finally, apoptosis induced by ATP depletion is ameliorated by pretreatment with inhibitors of caspase-8 (IETD), caspase-1 (YVAD), or caspase-3 (DEVD) but is not affected by inhibitors of serine proteases (TPCK). Our results indicate that partial ATP depletion of MDCK cells results in apoptosis and that Fas- and caspase-mediated pathways may play a critical role.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L R Feldenberg
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Shoskes DA. Effect of bioflavonoids quercetin and curcumin on ischemic renal injury: a new class of renoprotective agents. Transplantation 1998; 66:147-52. [PMID: 9701255 DOI: 10.1097/00007890-199807270-00001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonimmune renal injury plays an important role in acute and chronic rejection by triggering an injury response through cytokine and chemokine release. Bioflavonoids are agents with potential immunosuppressive and renoprotective properties. We studied the effects of quercetin and curcumin, two bioflavonoids, on ischemia-reperfusion in the rat. METHODS Rats underwent 30 min of left renal pedicle occlusion with simultaneous right nephrectomy and were pretreated with quercetin or curcumin. Serial serum creatinine was measured, and renal expression of the chemokines regulated upon activation, normal T-cell expressed and secreted (RANTES), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and allograft inflammatory factor (AIF) was quantified by polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Pretreatment with quercetin or curcumin resulted in preservation of histological integrity, with a decrease in tubular damage and interstitial inflammation. On day 2 after ischemia-reperfusion, quercetin pretreatment decreased the mean serum creatinine level from 6.5+/-1.4 to 3.3+/-0.5 mg/dl (P=0.06). On day 7, the creatinine level for control animals was 7.5+/-1.5 mg/dl, which was significantly decreased by pretreatment with quercetin, curcumin, or both together (creatinine levels: 1.6+/-1.3, 1.8+/-0.2, and 2.0+/-0.4 mg/dl, respectively; all P<0.05 vs. untreated). By semiquantitative polymerase chain reaction, RANTES, MCP-1, and AIF were detected at high levels in kidneys on day 2 but not in normal kidneys. Pretreatment with quercetin or curcumin strongly attenuated this expression. CONCLUSION Quercetin and curcumin reduce ischemia-reperfusion injury and its inflammatory sequelae. The bioflavonoids hold promise as agents that can reduce immune and nonimmune renal injury, the key risk factors in chronic graft loss.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D A Shoskes
- Department of Surgery, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, UCLA School of Medicine, Torrance, California 90509, USA.
| |
Collapse
|