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Moyano P, Ruiz M, García JM, Frejo MT, Anadon Baselga MJ, Lobo M, García J, Del Pino J. Oxidative stress and cell death induction by amitraz and its metabolite BTS-27271 mediated through cytochrome P450 and NRF2 pathway alteration in primary hippocampal cell. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 129:87-96. [PMID: 31029719 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.04.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 04/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Amitraz is a neurotoxic formamidine pesticide that induces cell death in hippocampal neurons, although its mechanisms are unknown. Amitraz produces reactive oxygen species (ROS), which could lead to cell death. Amitraz was shown to induce different cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoenzymes involved with ROS and apoptotic cell death induction. Finally, amitraz was described to decrease the activity of antioxidant enzymes regulated through KEAP1/NRF2 pathway, thus likely leading to a reduction of ROS elimination and to cell death induction. We evaluated the effect of amitraz or BTS-27271 co-treatment with or without the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine and/or the unspecific CYP inhibitor 1-aminobenzotriazole on cell viability and its related mechanisms in wild type and silenced primary hippocampal neurons after 24 h treatment. We observed that amitraz produced oxidative stress and CYPs induction leading to apoptotic cell death. ROS generation was partially mediated by CYPs induction and downregulation of NRF2-pathway through KEAP1 overexpression. These data could help explain the mechanism by which amitraz induces cell death and oxidative stress and provide a therapeutic strategy to protect against this effect in case of poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Moyano
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medicine School, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Matilde Ruiz
- Department of Legal Medicine, Psychiatry and Pathology, Medicine School, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Manuel García
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medicine School, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Teresa Frejo
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medicine School, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - María José Anadon Baselga
- Department of Legal Medicine, Psychiatry and Pathology, Medicine School, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Margarita Lobo
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medicine School, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jimena García
- Department of Pharmacology, Health Sciences School, Alfonso X University, 28691, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Del Pino
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medicine School, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
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Taurine Supplementation Alleviates Puromycin Aminonucleoside Damage by Modulating Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Mitochondrial-Related Apoptosis in Rat Kidney. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10060689. [PMID: 29843457 PMCID: PMC6024760 DOI: 10.3390/nu10060689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Taurine (TAU) is a sulfur-containing beta amino acid that is not involved in protein composition and anabolism, conditionally essential in mammals provided through diet. Growing evidence supports a protective role of TAU supply in osmoregulation, calcium flux, and reduction of inflammation and oxidant damage in renal diseases like diabetes. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, due to abnormal proteostasis, is a contributor to nephrotic syndrome and related renal damage. Here, we investigated the effect of dietary TAU (1.5% in drinking water for 15 days) in an established rat model that mimics human minimal change nephrosis, consisting of a single puromycin aminonucleoside (PAN) injection (intraperitoneally 15 mg/100 g body weight), with sacrifice after eight days. TAU limited proteinuria and podocytes foot processes effacement, and balanced slit diaphragm nephrin and glomerular claudin 1 expressions. In cortical proximal tubules, TAU improved lysosomal density, ER perimeter, restored proper ER-mitochondria tethering and mitochondrial cristae, and decreased inflammation. Remarkably, TAU downregulated glomerular ER stress markers (GRP78, GRP94), pro-apoptotic C/EBP homologous protein, activated caspase 3, tubular caspase1, and mitochondrial chaperone GRP75, but maintained anti-apoptotic HSP25. In conclusion, TAU, by targeting upstream ER stress separate from mitochondria dysfunctions at crucial renal sites, might be a promising dietary supplement in the treatment of the drug-resistant nephrotic syndrome.
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Subacute nicotine co-exposure has no effect on 2,2',3,5',6- pentachlorobiphenyl disposition but alters hepatic cytochrome P450 expression in the male rat. Toxicology 2015; 338:59-68. [PMID: 26463278 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2015.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Revised: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are metabolized by cytochrome P450 2B enzymes (CYP2B) and nicotine is reported to alter CYP2B activity in the brain and liver. To test the hypothesis that nicotine influences PCB disposition, 2,2',3,5',6-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB 95) and its metabolites were quantified in tissues of adult male Wistar rats exposed to PCB 95 (6mg/kg/d, p.o.) in the absence or presence of nicotine (1.0mg/kg/d of the tartrate salt, s.c.) for 7 consecutive days. PCB 95 was enantioselectively metabolized to hydroxylated (OH-) PCB metabolites, resulting in a pronounced enrichment of E1-PCB 95 in all tissues investigated. OH-PCBs were detected in blood and liver tissue, but were below the detection limit in adipose, brain and muscle tissues. Co-exposure to nicotine did not change PCB 95 disposition. CYP2B1 mRNA and CYP2B protein were not detected in brain tissues but were detected in liver. Co-exposure to nicotine and PCB 95 increased hepatic CYP2B1 mRNA but did not change CYP2B protein levels relative to vehicle control animals. However, hepatic CYP2B protein in animals co-exposed to PCB 95 and nicotine were reduced compared to animals that received only nicotine. Quantification of CYP2B3, CYP3A2 and CYP1A2 mRNA identified significant effects of nicotine and PCB 95 co-exposure on hepatic CYP3A2 and hippocampal CYP1A2 transcripts. Our findings suggest that nicotine co-exposure does not significantly influence PCB 95 disposition in the rat. However, these studies suggest a novel influence of PCB 95 and nicotine co-exposure on hepatic cytochrome P450 (P450) expression that may warrant further attention due to the increasing use of e-cigarettes and related products.
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del Pino J, Moyano-Cires PV, Anadon MJ, Díaz MJ, Lobo M, Capo MA, Frejo MT. Molecular Mechanisms of Amitraz Mammalian Toxicity: A Comprehensive Review of Existing Data. Chem Res Toxicol 2015; 28:1073-94. [DOI: 10.1021/tx500534x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Javier del Pino
- Departament of Toxicology
and Pharmacology, Veterinary School, and ‡Department of
Toxicology and Legal Medicine, Medicine School, Complutense University of Madrid, Avda. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Paula Viviana Moyano-Cires
- Departament of Toxicology
and Pharmacology, Veterinary School, and ‡Department of
Toxicology and Legal Medicine, Medicine School, Complutense University of Madrid, Avda. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Jose Anadon
- Departament of Toxicology
and Pharmacology, Veterinary School, and ‡Department of
Toxicology and Legal Medicine, Medicine School, Complutense University of Madrid, Avda. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Jesús Díaz
- Departament of Toxicology
and Pharmacology, Veterinary School, and ‡Department of
Toxicology and Legal Medicine, Medicine School, Complutense University of Madrid, Avda. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Margarita Lobo
- Departament of Toxicology
and Pharmacology, Veterinary School, and ‡Department of
Toxicology and Legal Medicine, Medicine School, Complutense University of Madrid, Avda. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Andrés Capo
- Departament of Toxicology
and Pharmacology, Veterinary School, and ‡Department of
Toxicology and Legal Medicine, Medicine School, Complutense University of Madrid, Avda. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Teresa Frejo
- Departament of Toxicology
and Pharmacology, Veterinary School, and ‡Department of
Toxicology and Legal Medicine, Medicine School, Complutense University of Madrid, Avda. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Periyasamy-Thandavan S, Takhar S, Singer A, Dohn MR, Jackson WH, Welborn AE, LeRoith D, Marrero M, Thangaraju M, Huang S, Schoenlein PV. Insulin-like growth factor 1 attenuates antiestrogen- and antiprogestin-induced apoptosis in ER+ breast cancer cells by MEK1 regulation of the BH3-only pro-apoptotic protein Bim. Breast Cancer Res 2012; 14:R52. [PMID: 22429491 PMCID: PMC3446386 DOI: 10.1186/bcr3153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2011] [Revised: 02/13/2012] [Accepted: 03/19/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction In this pre-clinical in vitro study conducted in estrogen receptor positive (ER+) breast cancer cells, we have characterized the effects of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-1) on the cytostatic and cytotoxic action of antiestrogen treatment when used as a single agent or in combination with the antiprogestin mifepristone (MIF). Our goal was to identify new molecular targets to improve the efficacy of hormonal therapy in breast cancer patients that have a poor response to hormonal therapy, in part, due to high circulating levels of unbound insulinIGF-1. Methods IGF-1-mediated effects on cytostasis and apoptotic cell death were determined with cell counts conducted in the presence and absence of trypan blue; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays to determine the intracellular levels of cleaved cytokeratin 18, a marker of epithelial cancer cell apoptosis; and immunoblot analysis to determine the levels of cleaved poly-ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) and lamin A that result from caspase-dependent apoptosis. Cytotoxicity was further characterized by determination of the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the percent of mitochondrial membrane depolarization in cell populations treated with the different hormones in the presence and absence of IGF-1. Small molecule inhibitors of the dual-specificity protein kinase MEK1, MEK1 siRNA, Bim siRNA, and vectors overexpressing MEK1 wild type and mutant, dominant negative cDNA were used to identify key IGF-1 downstream prosurvival effectors. Results IGF-1, at physiologically relevant levels, blocked the cytotoxic action(s) of the antiestrogens 4-hydroxytamoxifen (4-OHT) and tamoxifen (TAM) when used as single agents or in combination with the antiprogestin MIF. The antiapoptotic action of IGF-1 was mediated primarily through the action of MEK1. MEK1 expression reduced the levels of ROS and mitochondrial membrane depolarization induced by the hormonal treatments via a mechanism that involved the phosphorylation and proteasomal turnover of the proapoptotic BH3-only Bcl-2 family member Bim. Importantly, small-molecule inhibitors of MEK1 circumvented the prosurvival action of IGF-1 by restoring Bim to levels that more effectively mediated apoptosis in ER+ breast cancer cells. Conclusion his study provides strong support for the use of MEK1 inhibitors in combination with hormonal therapy to effectively affect cytostasis and activate a Bim-dependent apoptotic pathway in ER+ breast cancer cells. We discuss that MEK1 blockade may be a particularly effective treatment for women with high circulating levels of IGF-1, which have been correlated to a poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudharsan Periyasamy-Thandavan
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Georgia Health Sciences University, 1459 Laney Walker Blvd,, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
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Liu H, Tian N, Arany I, Bigler SA, Waxman DJ, Shah SV, Baliga R. Cytochrome P450 2B1 mediates complement-dependent sublytic injury in a model of membranous nephropathy. J Biol Chem 2010; 285:40901-10. [PMID: 20947506 PMCID: PMC3003390 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.165498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2010] [Revised: 09/27/2010] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Membranous nephropathy is a disease that affects the filtering units of the kidney, the glomeruli, and results in proteinuria accompanied by loss of kidney function. Passive Heymann nephritis is an experimental model that mimics membranous nephropathy in humans, wherein the glomerular epithelial cell (GEC) injury induced by complement C5b-9 leads to proteinuria. We examined the role of cytochrome P450 2B1 (CYP2B1) in this complement-mediated sublytic injury. Overexpression of CYP2B1 in GECs significantly increased the formation of reactive oxygen species, cytotoxicity, and collapse of the actin cytoskeleton following treatment with anti-tubular brush-border antiserum (anti-Fx1A). In contrast, silencing of CYP2B1 markedly attenuated anti-Fx1A-induced reactive oxygen species generation and cytotoxicity with preservation of the actin cytoskeleton. Gelsolin, which maintains an organized actin cytoskeleton, was significantly decreased by complement C5b-9-mediated injury but was preserved in CYP2B1-silenced cells. In rats injected with anti-Fx1A, the cytochrome P450 inhibitor cimetidine blocked an increase in catalytic iron and ROS generation, reduced the formation of malondialdehyde adducts, maintained a normal distribution of nephrin in the glomeruli, and provided significant protection at the onset of proteinuria. Thus, GEC CYP2B1 contributes to complement C5b-9-mediated injury and plays an important role in the pathogenesis of passive Heymann nephritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Liu
- From the Departments of Pediatrics and
| | - Niu Tian
- From the Departments of Pediatrics and
| | | | - Steven A. Bigler
- Pathology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi 39216
| | - David J. Waxman
- the Division of Cell and Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, and
| | - Sudhir V. Shah
- the Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205
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