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D'Alessandro VF, Takeshita A, Yasuma T, Toda M, D'Alessandro-Gabazza CN, Okano Y, Tharavecharak S, Inoue C, Nishihama K, Fujimoto H, Kobayashi T, Yano Y, Gabazza EC. Transforming Growth Factorβ1 Overexpression Is Associated with Insulin Resistance and Rapidly Progressive Kidney Fibrosis under Diabetic Conditions. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214265. [PMID: 36430743 PMCID: PMC9693927 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a global health problem. Diabetic nephropathy is a common complication of diabetes mellitus and the leading cause of end-stage renal disease. The clinical course, response to therapy, and prognosis of nephropathy are worse in diabetic than in non-diabetic patients. The role of transforming growth factorβ1 in kidney fibrosis is undebatable. This study assessed whether the overexpression of transforming growth factorβ1 is associated with insulin resistance and the rapid progression of transforming growth factorβ1-mediated nephropathy under diabetic conditions. Diabetes mellitus was induced with streptozotocin in wild-type mice and transgenic mice with the kidney-specific overexpression of human transforming growth factorβ1. Mice treated with saline were the controls. Glucose tolerance and kidney fibrosis were evaluated. The blood glucose levels, the values of the homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance, and the area of kidney fibrosis were significantly increased, and the renal function was significantly impaired in the diabetic transforming growth factorβ1 transgenic mice compared to the non-diabetic transgenic mice, diabetic wild-type mice, and non-diabetic mice. Transforming growth factorβ1 impaired the regulatory effect of insulin on glucose in the hepatocyte and skeletal muscle cell lines. This study shows that transforming growth factorβ1 overexpression is associated with insulin resistance and rapidly progressive kidney fibrosis under diabetic conditions in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Fridman D'Alessandro
- Department of Immunology, Mie University Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Edobashi 2-174, Tsu 514-8507, Japan
| | - Atsuro Takeshita
- Department of Immunology, Mie University Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Edobashi 2-174, Tsu 514-8507, Japan
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Mie University Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Edobashi 2-174, Tsu 514-8507, Japan
| | - Taro Yasuma
- Department of Immunology, Mie University Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Edobashi 2-174, Tsu 514-8507, Japan
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Mie University Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Edobashi 2-174, Tsu 514-8507, Japan
| | - Masaaki Toda
- Department of Immunology, Mie University Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Edobashi 2-174, Tsu 514-8507, Japan
| | - Corina N D'Alessandro-Gabazza
- Department of Immunology, Mie University Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Edobashi 2-174, Tsu 514-8507, Japan
| | - Yuko Okano
- Department of Immunology, Mie University Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Edobashi 2-174, Tsu 514-8507, Japan
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Mie University Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Edobashi 2-174, Tsu 514-8507, Japan
| | - Suphachai Tharavecharak
- Department of Immunology, Mie University Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Edobashi 2-174, Tsu 514-8507, Japan
| | - Chisa Inoue
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Mie University Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Edobashi 2-174, Tsu 514-8507, Japan
| | - Kota Nishihama
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Mie University Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Edobashi 2-174, Tsu 514-8507, Japan
| | - Hajime Fujimoto
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical care Medicine, Mie University Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Edobashi 2-174, Tsu 514-8507, Japan
| | - Tetsu Kobayashi
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical care Medicine, Mie University Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Edobashi 2-174, Tsu 514-8507, Japan
| | - Yutaka Yano
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Mie University Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Edobashi 2-174, Tsu 514-8507, Japan
| | - Esteban C Gabazza
- Department of Immunology, Mie University Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Edobashi 2-174, Tsu 514-8507, Japan
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Mishra S, Charan M, Verma AK, Ramaswamy B, Ahirwar DK, Ganju RK. Racially Disparate Expression of mTOR/ERK-1/2 Allied Proteins in Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:601929. [PMID: 33996789 PMCID: PMC8120233 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.601929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies revealed that ethnic differences in mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK-1/2) signaling pathways might be associated with the development and progression of different human malignancies. The African American (AA) population has an increased rate of cancer incidence and mortality compared to the Caucasian American (CA) population. Although the socioeconomic differences across different ethnic groups contribute to the disparity in developing different cancers, recent scientific evidence indicates the association of molecular and genetic variations in racial disparities of different human malignancies. The mTOR and ERK-1/2 signaling pathways are one of the well-known oncogenic signaling mechanisms that regulate diverse molecular and phenotypic aspects of normal as well as cancer cells in response to different external or internal stimuli. To date, very few studies have been carried out to explore the significance of racial disparity with abnormal mTOR and ERK-1/2 kinase signaling pathways, which may contribute to the development of aggressive human cancers. In this review, we discuss the differential regulation of mTOR and ERK-1/2 kinase signaling pathways across different ethnic groups, especially between AA and CA populations. Notably, we observed that key signaling proteins associated with mTOR and ERK-1/2 pathway including transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), Akt, and VEGFR showed racially disparate expression in cancer patients. Overall, this review article encompasses the significance of racially disparate signaling molecules related to mTOR/ERK1/2 and their potential in developing tailor-made anti-cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Mishra
- Department of Pathology, Wexner Medical Center, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Manish Charan
- Department of Pathology, Wexner Medical Center, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Ajeet Kumar Verma
- Department of Pathology, Wexner Medical Center, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | | | - Dinesh Kumar Ahirwar
- Department of Pathology, Wexner Medical Center, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Ramesh K Ganju
- Department of Pathology, Wexner Medical Center, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
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King Thomas J, Mir H, Kapur N, Singh S. Racial Differences in Immunological Landscape Modifiers Contributing to Disparity in Prostate Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11121857. [PMID: 31769418 PMCID: PMC6966521 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11121857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer affects African Americans disproportionately by exhibiting greater incidence, rapid disease progression, and higher mortality when compared to their Caucasian counterparts. Additionally, standard treatment interventions do not achieve similar outcome in African Americans compared to Caucasian Americans, indicating differences in host factors contributing to racial disparity. African Americans have allelic variants and hyper-expression of genes that often lead to an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, possibly contributing to more aggressive tumors and poorer disease and therapeutic outcomes than Caucasians. In this review, we have discussed race-specific differences in external factors impacting internal milieu, which modify immunological topography as well as contribute to disparity in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeronay King Thomas
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30310, USA; (J.K.T.); (H.M.); (N.K.)
- Cancer Health Equity Institute, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30310, USA
| | - Hina Mir
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30310, USA; (J.K.T.); (H.M.); (N.K.)
- Cancer Health Equity Institute, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30310, USA
| | - Neeraj Kapur
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30310, USA; (J.K.T.); (H.M.); (N.K.)
- Cancer Health Equity Institute, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30310, USA
| | - Shailesh Singh
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30310, USA; (J.K.T.); (H.M.); (N.K.)
- Cancer Health Equity Institute, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30310, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-404-756-5718; Fax: +1-404-752-1179
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4
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Elliott B, Zackery DL, Eaton VA, Jones RT, Abebe F, Ragin CC, Khan SA. Ethnic differences in TGFβ-signaling pathway may contribute to prostate cancer health disparity. Carcinogenesis 2018; 39:546-555. [PMID: 29474521 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgy020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies show that the incidence and mortality rates of prostate cancer (PCa) are significantly higher in African-American (AA) men when compared with Caucasian (CA) men in the United States. Transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) signaling pathway is linked to health disparities in AAs. Recent studies suggest a role of TGFβ3 in cancer metastases and its effect on the migratory and invasive behavior; however, its role in PCa in AA men has not been studied. We determined the circulating levels of TGFβ3 in AA and CA men diagnosed with PCa using ELISA. We analyzed serum samples from both AA and CA men diagnosed with and without PCa. We show that AA PCa patients had higher levels of TGFβ3 protein compared with AA controls and CA patients. In fact, TGFβ3 protein levels in serum were higher in AA men without PCa compared with the CA population, which may correlate with more aggressive disease seen in AA men. Studies on AA-derived PCa cell lines revealed that TGFβ3 protein levels were also higher in these cells compared with CA-derived PCa cell lines. Our studies also reveal that TGFβ does not inhibit cell proliferation in AA-derived PCa cell lines, but it does induce migration and invasion through activation of PI3K pathway. We suggest that increased TGFβ3 levels are responsible for development of aggressive PCa in AA patients as a consequence of development of resistance to inhibitory effects of TGFβ on cell proliferation and induction of invasive metastatic behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bethtrice Elliott
- Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - DeAdra L Zackery
- Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Vanessa A Eaton
- Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Re'Josef T Jones
- Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Fisseha Abebe
- Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Department of Mathematical Sciences, Clark Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Camille C Ragin
- Fox Chase Cancer Center-Temple Health, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Shafiq A Khan
- Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Pantophlet AJ, Gerrits WJJ, Vonk RJ, van den Borne JJGC. Substantial replacement of lactose with fat in a high-lactose milk replacer diet increases liver fat accumulation but does not affect insulin sensitivity in veal calves. J Dairy Sci 2016; 99:10022-10032. [PMID: 27720157 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2016-11524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
In veal calves, the major portion of digestible energy intake originates from milk replacer (MR), with lactose and fat contributing approximately 45 and 35%, respectively. In veal calves older than 4 mo, prolonged high intakes of MR may lead to problems with glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity, ultimately resulting in sustained insulin resistance, hepatic steatosis, and impaired animal performance. The contribution of each of the dietary energy sources (lactose and fat) to deteriorated glucose homeostasis and insulin resistance is currently unknown. Therefore, an experiment was designed to compare the effects of a high-lactose and a high-fat MR on glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity in veal calves. Sixteen male Holstein-Friesian calves (120±2.8kg of BW) were assigned to either a high-lactose (HL) or a high-fat (HF) MR for 13 consecutive weeks. After at least 7 wk of adaptation, whole-body insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion were assessed by euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic and hyperglycemic clamps, respectively. Postprandial blood samples were collected to assess glucose, insulin, and triglyceride responses to feeding, and 24-h urine was collected to quantify urinary glucose excretion. At the end of the trial, liver and muscle biopsies were taken to assess triglyceride contents in these tissues. Long-term exposure of calves to HF or HL MR did not affect whole-body insulin sensitivity (averaging 4.2±0.5×10-2 [(mg/kg∙min)/(μU/mL)]) and insulin secretion. Responses to feeding were greater for plasma glucose and tended to be greater for plasma insulin in HL calves than in HF calves. Urinary glucose excretion was substantially higher in HL calves (75±13g/d) than in HF calves (21±6g/d). Muscle triglyceride content was not affected by treatment and averaged 4.5±0.6g/kg, but liver triglyceride content was higher in HF calves (16.4±0.9g/kg) than in HL calves (11.2±0.7g/kg), indicating increased hepatic fat accumulation. We conclude that increasing the contribution of fat to the digestible energy intake from the MR from 20 to 50%, at the expense of lactose does not affect whole-body insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion in calves. However, a high-lactose MR increases postprandial glucose and insulin responses, whereas a high-fat MR increases fat accumulation in liver but not muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Pantophlet
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Liver, Digestive and Metabolic Diseases, University Medical Centre Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - W J J Gerrits
- Animal Nutrition Group, Wageningen University, 6700 AH, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - R J Vonk
- Centre for Medical Biomics, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 RB, Groningen, the Netherlands
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Tsapenko MV, Nwoko RE, Borland TM, Voskoboev NV, Pflueger A, Rule AD, Lieske JC. Measurement of urinary TGF-β1 in patients with diabetes mellitus and normal controls. Clin Biochem 2013; 46:1430-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2013.05.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2013] [Revised: 05/04/2013] [Accepted: 05/09/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Abstract
The increasing prevalence of diabetes has led to DKD becoming the leading cause of ESRD in many regions. The economic cost of DKD will grow to prohibitive amounts unless strategies to prevent its onset or progression are urgently implemented. In type 1 and type 2 diabetes, the presence of microalbuminuria and macroalbuminuria confers increased risk of developing ESRD and of death. Comparison of recent studies with earlier historical studies shows that the incidence of ESRD and death has decreased in DKD. Increased risk of albuminuria has been identified in certain non-European ethnic groups. However, the initial concept of progression of DKD as an albuminuric phenotype involving development of microalbuminuria, macroalbuminuria, and then ESRD has had to be modified. Albumin excretion frequently regresses, and GFR can decline without abnormality in albumin excretion. There is emerging evidence that changes in renal function occurring early in the course of diabetes predict future outcomes. The major challenges are to prevent DKD onset, to detect it early, and to improve DKD outcomes globally.
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MESH Headings
- Albuminuria/epidemiology
- Albuminuria/etiology
- Albuminuria/physiopathology
- Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology
- Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology
- Cost of Illness
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/complications
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/epidemiology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/physiopathology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/epidemiology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/physiopathology
- Diabetic Nephropathies/epidemiology
- Diabetic Nephropathies/etiology
- Diabetic Nephropathies/physiopathology
- Diabetic Nephropathies/prevention & control
- Diabetic Nephropathies/urine
- Disease Progression
- Early Diagnosis
- Early Medical Intervention
- Epidemiologic Studies
- Ethnicity
- Glomerular Filtration Rate
- Humans
- Incidence
- Kidney Failure, Chronic/epidemiology
- Kidney Failure, Chronic/etiology
- Kidney Failure, Chronic/physiopathology
- Kidney Failure, Chronic/urine
- Outcome Assessment, Health Care
- Risk Factors
- Survival Analysis
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne T Reutens
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Alfred Centre, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia.
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