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Yang J, Zhuang H, Li J, Nunez-Nescolarde AB, Luo N, Chen H, Li A, Qu X, Wang Q, Fan J, Bai X, Ye Z, Gu B, Meng Y, Zhang X, Wu D, Sia Y, Jiang X, Chen W, Combes AN, Nikolic-Paterson DJ, Yu X. The secreted micropeptide C4orf48 enhances renal fibrosis via an RNA-binding mechanism. J Clin Invest 2024; 134:e178392. [PMID: 38625739 PMCID: PMC11093611 DOI: 10.1172/jci178392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Renal interstitial fibrosis is an important mechanism in the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) to end-stage kidney disease. However, we lack specific treatments to slow or halt renal fibrosis. Ribosome profiling identified upregulation of a secreted micropeptide, C4orf48 (Cf48), in mouse diabetic nephropathy. Cf48 RNA and protein levels were upregulated in tubular epithelial cells in human and experimental CKD. Serum Cf48 levels were increased in human CKD and correlated with loss of kidney function, increasing CKD stage, and the degree of active interstitial fibrosis. Cf48 overexpression in mice accelerated renal fibrosis, while Cf48 gene deletion or knockdown by antisense oligonucleotides significantly reduced renal fibrosis in CKD models. In vitro, recombinant Cf48 (rCf48) enhanced TGF-β1-induced fibrotic responses in renal fibroblasts and epithelial cells independently of Smad3 phosphorylation. Cellular uptake of Cf48 and its profibrotic response in fibroblasts operated via the transferrin receptor. RNA immunoprecipitation-sequencing identified Cf48 binding to mRNA of genes involved in the fibrotic response, including Serpine1, Acta2, Ccn2, and Col4a1. rCf48 binds to the 3'UTR of Serpine1 and increases mRNA half-life. We identify the secreted Cf48 micropeptide as a potential enhancer of renal fibrosis that operates as an RNA-binding peptide to promote the production of extracellular matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Nephrology, National Health Commission and Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongjie Zhuang
- Department of Paediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinhua Li
- Department of Nephrology and
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory on Immunological and Genetic Kidney Diseases, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- The Second Clinical College, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
- Department of Nephrology, Monash Health and Department of Medicine and
| | - Ana B. Nunez-Nescolarde
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ning Luo
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Nephrology, National Health Commission and Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huiting Chen
- The Second Clinical College, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Andy Li
- Department of Nephrology, Monash Health and Department of Medicine and
| | - Xinli Qu
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Nephrology and
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory on Immunological and Genetic Kidney Diseases, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinjin Fan
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Nephrology, National Health Commission and Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyan Bai
- Department of Nephrology and
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory on Immunological and Genetic Kidney Diseases, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiming Ye
- Department of Nephrology and
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory on Immunological and Genetic Kidney Diseases, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bing Gu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yue Meng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xingyuan Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics, UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Biostatistics, UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Youyang Sia
- School of Life Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyun Jiang
- Department of Paediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Nephrology, National Health Commission and Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Alexander N. Combes
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Xueqing Yu
- Department of Nephrology and
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory on Immunological and Genetic Kidney Diseases, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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Wang MY, Yu TX, Wang QY, Han X, Hu X, Ye SJ, Long XH, Wang Y, Zhu H, Luo W, Liang G. OTUD1 promotes hypertensive kidney fibrosis and injury by deubiquitinating CDK9 in renal epithelial cells. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2024; 45:765-776. [PMID: 38110583 PMCID: PMC10943066 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-023-01192-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertensive renal disease (HRD) contributes to the progression of kidney dysfunction and ultimately leads to end-stage renal disease. Understanding the mechanisms underlying HRD is critical for the development of therapeutic strategies. Deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) have been recently highlighted in renal pathophysiology. In this study, we investigated the role of a DUB, OTU Domain-Containing Protein 1 (OTUD1), in HRD models. HRD was induced in wild-type or Otud1 knockout mice by chronic infusion of angiotensin II (Ang II, 1 μg/kg per min) through a micro-osmotic pump for 4 weeks. We found that OTUD1 expression levels were significantly elevated in the kidney tissues of Ang II-treated mice. Otud1 knockout significantly ameliorated Ang II-induced HRD, whereas OTUD1 overexpression exacerbated Ang II-induced kidney damage and fibrosis. Similar results were observed in TCMK-1 cells but not in SV40 MES-13 cells following Ang II (1 μM) treatment. In Ang II-challenged TCMK-1 cells, we demonstrated that OTUD1 bound to CDK9 and induced CDK9 deubiquitination: OTUD1 catalyzed K63 deubiquitination on CDK9 with its Cys320 playing a critical role, promoting CDK9 phosphorylation and activation to induce inflammatory responses and fibrosis in kidney epithelial cells. Administration of a CDK9 inhibitor NVP-2 significantly ameliorated Ang II-induced HRD in mice. This study demonstrates that OTUD1 mediates HRD by targeting CDK9 in kidney epithelial cells, suggesting OTUD1 is a potential target in treating this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Yang Wang
- Department of Pharmacy and Institute of Inflammation, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, China
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Beihua University, Jilin, 132013, China
| | - Tian-Xiang Yu
- Department of Pharmacy and Institute of Inflammation, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, China
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Qin-Yan Wang
- Department of Pharmacy and Institute of Inflammation, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, China
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Xue Han
- Department of Pharmacy and Institute of Inflammation, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, China
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Xiang Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Shi-Ju Ye
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Xiao-Hong Long
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Hong Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Wu Luo
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China.
| | - Guang Liang
- Department of Pharmacy and Institute of Inflammation, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, China.
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China.
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, China.
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3
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Gu YY, Liu XS, Lan HY. Therapeutic potential for renal fibrosis by targeting Smad3-dependent noncoding RNAs. Mol Ther 2024; 32:313-324. [PMID: 38093516 PMCID: PMC10861968 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2023.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is a characteristic hallmark of chronic kidney disease (CKD) that ultimately results in renal failure, leaving patients with few therapeutic options. TGF-β is a master regulator of renal fibrosis and mediates progressive renal fibrosis via both canonical and noncanonical signaling pathways. In the canonical Smad signaling, Smad3 is a key mediator in tissue fibrosis and mediates renal fibrosis via a number of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs). In this regard, targeting Smad3-dependent ncRNAs may offer a specific therapy for renal fibrosis. This review highlights the significance and innovation of TGF-β/Smad3-associated ncRNAs as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in renal fibrogenesis. In addition, the underlying mechanisms of these ncRNAs and their future perspectives in the treatment of renal fibrosis are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Yu Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Departments of Medicine and Therapeutics, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, and Lui Che Woo Institute of Innovative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Departments of Nephrology and Pathology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xu-Sheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Hui-Yao Lan
- Departments of Medicine and Therapeutics, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, and Lui Che Woo Institute of Innovative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Departments of Nephrology and Pathology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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Jash R, Maparu K, Seksaria S, Das S. Decrypting the Pathological Pathways in IgA Nephropathy. RECENT ADVANCES IN INFLAMMATION & ALLERGY DRUG DISCOVERY 2024; 18:43-56. [PMID: 37870060 DOI: 10.2174/0127722708275167231011102924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
IgAN is the most common form of glomerulonephritis affecting 2000000 people annually. The disease ultimately progresses to chronic renal failure and ESRD. In this article, we focused on a comprehensive understanding of the pathogenesis of the disease and thus identifying different target proteins that could be essential in therapeutic approaches in the management of the disease. Aberrantly glycosylated IgA1 produced by the suppression of the enzyme β-1, 3 galactosyltransferase ultimately triggered the formation of IgG autoantibodies which form complexes with Gd-IgA1. The complex gets circulated through the blood vessels through monocytes and ultimately gets deposited in the glomerular mesangial cells via CD71 receptors present locally. This complex triggers the inflammatory pathways activating the alternate complement system, various types of T Cells, toll-like receptors, cytokines, and chemokines ultimately recruiting the phagocytic cells to eliminate the Gd-IgA complex. The inflammatory proteins cause severe mesangial and podocyte damage in the kidney which ultimately initiates the repair process following chronic inflammation by an important protein named TGFβ1. TGF β1 is an important protein produced during chronic inflammation mediating the repair process via various downstream transduction proteins and ultimately producing fibrotic proteins which help in the repair process but permanently damage the glomerular cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajiv Jash
- Department of Pharmacology, Sanaka Educational Trust's Group Of Institutions, Malandighi, Durgapur, 713212, West Bengal, India
- Department of Pharmacy, JIS University, Kolkata, 700109, West Bengal, India
| | - Kousik Maparu
- Department of Pharmacology, Sanaka Educational Trust's Group Of Institutions, Malandighi, Durgapur, 713212, West Bengal, India
| | - Sanket Seksaria
- Department of Pharmacology, Sanaka Educational Trust's Group Of Institutions, Malandighi, Durgapur, 713212, West Bengal, India
| | - Saptarshi Das
- Department of Pharmacy, JIS University, Kolkata, 700109, West Bengal, India
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5
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Chen Y, Rui R, Wang L, Wang H, Zhu B, Cao A. Huangqi decoction ameliorates kidney injury in db/db mice by regulating the BMP/Smad signaling pathway. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:209. [PMID: 37365530 PMCID: PMC10294356 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-04029-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims to investigate the mechanism underlying the beneficial effects of Huangqi decoction (HQD) on Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) in diabetic db/db mice. METHODS Eight-week-old male diabetic db/db mice were randomly divided into four groups: Model (1% CMC), HQD-L (0.12 g/kg), HQD-M (0.36 g/kg), and HQD-H (1.08 g/kg) groups. Non-diabetic db/m mice were served as the control group. These mice received HQD treatment for 8 weeks. After treatment, the kidney function, histopathology, micro-assay, and protein expression levels were assessed. RESULTS HQD treatment improved the albumin/creatine ratio (ACR) and 24 h urinary albumin excretion, prevented the pathological phenotypes of increased glomerular volume, widened mesangial areas, the of mesangial matrix proliferation, foot process effacement, decreased nephrin expression and reduced number of podocytes. Expression profiling analysis revealed global transcriptional changes that predicted related functions, diseases and pathways. HQD treatment activated protein expressions of BMP2, BMP7, BMPR2, and active-Rap1, while inhibiting Smad1 and phospho-ERK. In addition, HQD was associated with improvements in lipid deposition in the kidneys of db/db mice. CONCLUSION HQD ameliorated the progression of DKD in db/db mice by regulating BMP transcription and downstream targets, inhibiting the phosphorylation of ERK and the expression of Smad1, promoting Rap1 binding to GTP, and regulating the lipid metabolism. These findings provide a potential therapeutic approach for treating DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Laboratory of Renal Disease, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 164 LanXi Road, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Rong Rui
- Department of Nephrology, Laboratory of Renal Disease, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 164 LanXi Road, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Laboratory of Renal Disease, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 164 LanXi Road, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Laboratory of Renal Disease, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 164 LanXi Road, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Bingbing Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, Laboratory of Renal Disease, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 164 LanXi Road, Shanghai, 200062, China.
| | - Aili Cao
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China.
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Li J, Qu X, Guan C, Luo N, Chen H, Li A, Zhuang H, Yang J, Diao H, Zeng S, Wang Q, Fan J, Jiang M, Bai X, Ye Z, Jiang X, Chen W, Nikolic-Paterson DJ, Yu X. Mitochondrial micropeptide MOXI promotes fibrotic gene transcription by translocation to the nucleus and bridging N-acetyltransferase 14 with transcription factor c-Jun. Kidney Int 2023; 103:886-902. [PMID: 36804379 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2023.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Progressive fibrosis is a hallmark of chronic kidney disease, but we lack effective treatments to halt this destructive process. Micropeptides (peptides of no more than 100 amino acids) encoded by small open reading frames represent a new class of eukaryotic regulators. Here, we describe that the micropeptide regulator of β-oxidation (MOXI) regulates kidney fibrosis. MOXI expression was found to be up-regulated in human fibrotic kidney disease, and this correlated with the degree of fibrosis and loss of kidney function. MOXI was expressed in the cytoplasm and mitochondria of cultured tubular epithelial cells and translocated to the nucleus upon Transforming Growth Factor-β1 stimulation. Deletion of Moxi protected mice against fibrosis and inflammation in the folic acid and unilateral ureteral obstruction models. As a potential molecular therapy, treatment with an antisense MOXI oligonucleotide effectively knocked-down MOXI expression and protected against kidney fibrosis in both models. Bimolecular fluorescence complementation identified the enzyme N-acetyltransferase 14 (Nat14) and transcription factor c-Jun as MOXI binding partners. The MOXI/Nat14/c-Jun complex enhances basal and Transforming Growth Factor-β1 induced collagen I gene promoter activity. Phosphorylation at T49 is required for MOXI nuclear localization and for complex formation with Nat14 and c-Jun. Furthermore, mice with a MoxiT49A point mutation were protected in the models of kidney fibrosis. Thus, our studies demonstrate a key role for the micropeptide MOXI in kidney fibrosis and identify a new function of MOXI in forming a transcriptional complex with Nat14 and c-Jun.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhua Li
- The Second Clinical College, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China; Department of Nephrology, Monash Health and Monash University Department of Medicine, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Nephrology, National Health Commission and Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China; Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Xinli Qu
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Chengnong Guan
- The Second Clinical College, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Ning Luo
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Nephrology, National Health Commission and Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huiting Chen
- The Second Clinical College, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Andy Li
- Department of Nephrology, Monash Health and Monash University Department of Medicine, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Hongjie Zhuang
- Department of Paediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiayi Yang
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Nephrology, National Health Commission and Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Diao
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Nephrology, National Health Commission and Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuhan Zeng
- Department of Paediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing Wang
- The Second Clinical College, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinjin Fan
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Nephrology, National Health Commission and Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengjie Jiang
- Department of Paediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyan Bai
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory on Immunological and Genetic Kidney Diseases, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiming Ye
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory on Immunological and Genetic Kidney Diseases, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyun Jiang
- Department of Paediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Nephrology, National Health Commission and Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - David J Nikolic-Paterson
- Department of Nephrology, Monash Health and Monash University Department of Medicine, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Xueqing Yu
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory on Immunological and Genetic Kidney Diseases, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
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7
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He XL, Hu YH, Chen JM, Zhang DQ, Yang HL, Zhang LZ, Mu YP, Zhang H, Chen GF, Liu W, Liu P. SNS-032 attenuates liver fibrosis by anti-active hepatic stellate cells via inhibition of cyclin dependent kinase 9. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1016552. [PMID: 36313366 PMCID: PMC9597511 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1016552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is a common pathological process of all chronic liver diseases. Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) play a central role in the development of liver fibrosis. Cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (CDK9) is a cell cycle kinase that regulates mRNA transcription and elongation. A CDK9 inhibitor SNS-032 has been reported to have good effects in anti-tumor. However, the role of SNS-032 in the development of liver fibrosis is unclear. In this study, SNS-032 was found to alleviate hepatic fibrosis by inhibiting the activation and inducing the apoptosis of active HSCs in carbon tetrachloride-induced model mice. In vitro, SNS-032 inhibited the activation and proliferation of active HSCs and induced the apoptosis of active HSCs by downregulating the expression of CDK9 and its downstream signal transductors, such phosphorylated RNA polymerase II and Bcl-2. CDK9 short hairpin RNA was transfected into active HSCs to further elucidate the mechanism of the above effects. Similar results were observed in active HSCs after CDK9 knockdown. In active HSCs with CDK9 knockdown, the expression levels of CDK9, phosphorylated RNA polymerase II, XIAP, Bcl-2, Mcl-1, and ɑ-SMA significantly decreased, whereas those of cleaved-PARP1 and Bax decreased prominently. These results indicated that SNS-032 is a potential drug and CDK9 might be a new prospective target for the treatment of liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Li He
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong-Hong Hu
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-Mei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ding-Qi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hai-Lin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin-Zhang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong-Ping Mu
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Gao-Feng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Liu, ; Ping Liu,
| | - Ping Liu
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Liu, ; Ping Liu,
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8
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Lipatova A, Krasnov G, Vorobyov P, Melnikov P, Alekseeva O, Vershinina Y, Brzhozovskiy A, Goliusova D, Maganova F, Zakirova N, Kudryavtseva A, Moskalev A. Effects of Siberian fir terpenes extract Abisil on antioxidant activity, autophagy, transcriptome and proteome of human fibroblasts. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:20050-20080. [PMID: 34428743 PMCID: PMC8436938 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background: Abisil is an extract of Siberian fir terpenes with antimicrobial and wound healing activities. Previous studies revealed that Abisil has geroprotective, anti-tumorigenic, and anti-angiogenic effects. Abisil decreased the expression of cyclin D1, E1, A2, and increased the phosphorylation rate of AMPK. Objective: In the present study, we analyzed the effect of Abisil on autophagy, the mitochondrial potential of embryonic human lung fibroblasts. We evaluated its antioxidant activity and analyzed the transcriptomic and proteomic effects of Abisil treatment. Results: Abisil treatment resulted in activation of autophagy, reversal of rotenone-induced elevation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and several-fold decrease of mitochondrial potential. Lower doses of Abisil (25 μg/ml) showed a better oxidative effect than high doses (50 or 125 μg/ml). Estimation of metabolic changes after treatment with 50 μg/ml has not shown any changes in oxygen consumption rate, but extracellular acidification rate decreased significantly. Abisil treatment (5 and 50 μg/ml) of MRC5-SV40 cells induced a strong transcriptomic shift spanning several thousand genes (predominantly, expression decrease). Among down-regulated genes, we noticed an over-representation of genes involved in cell cycle progression, oxidative phosphorylation, and fatty acid biosynthesis. Additionally, we observed predominant downregulation of genes encoding for kinases. Proteome profiling also revealed that the content of hundreds of proteins is altered after Abisil treatment (mainly, decreased). These proteins were involved in cell cycle regulation, intracellular transport, RNA processing, translation, mitochondrial organization. Conclusions: Abisil demonstrated antioxidant and autophagy stimulating activity. Treatment with Abisil results in the predominant downregulation of genes involved in the cell cycle and oxidative phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasiya Lipatova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - George Krasnov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia.,Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Pavel Vorobyov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Pavel Melnikov
- V. Serbsky National Research Center for Psychiatry and Narcology, Moscow 119034, Russia
| | - Olga Alekseeva
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Yulia Vershinina
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | | | - Daria Goliusova
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | | | - Natalia Zakirova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia.,Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Anna Kudryavtseva
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia.,Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Alexey Moskalev
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia.,Institute of Biology of Federal Research Center "Komi Science Center" of Ural Branch of RAS, Syktyvkar 167982, Russia.,Russian Clinical and Research Center of Gerontology, Moscow 129226, Russia
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9
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Yang X, Luo W, Li L, Hu X, Xu M, Wang Y, Feng J, Qian J, Guan X, Zhao Y, Liang G. CDK9 inhibition improves diabetic nephropathy by reducing inflammation in the kidneys. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2021; 416:115465. [PMID: 33631230 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2021.115465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a chronic inflammatory renal disease induced by hyperglycemia. Recent studies have implicated cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (CDK9) in inflammatory responses and renal fibrosis. In this study, we explored a potential role of CDK9 in DN by using cultured mouse mesangial cell line SV40 MES-13 and streptozotocin-induced type 1 mouse model of diabetes. We inhibited CDK9 in mice and in cultured cells by a highly selective CDK9 inhibitor, LDC000067 (LDC), and evaluated inflammatory and fibrogenic outcome by mRNA and protein analyses. Our studies show that treatment of diabetic mice with LDC significantly inhibits the levels of inflammatory cytokines and fibrogenic genes in kidney specimens. These reductions were associated with improved renal function. We also found that LDC treatment suppressed MAPK-AP1 activation. We then confirmed the involvement of CDK9 in cultured SV40 MES-13 cells and showed that deficiency in CDK9 prevents glucose-induced inflammatory and fibrogenic proteins. This protection was also afforded by suppression of MAPK-AP1. Taken together, our results how that hyperglycemia activates CDK9-MAPK-AP1 axis in kidneys to induce inflammation and fibrosis, leading to renal dysfunction. Our findings also suggest that CDK9 may serve as a potential therapeutic target for DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Yang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wu Luo
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiang Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mingjiang Xu
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianpeng Feng
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianchang Qian
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xinfu Guan
- The Affiliated Cangnan Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yunjie Zhao
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Guang Liang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; The Affiliated Cangnan Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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10
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Revisiting Cell Death Responses in Fibrotic Lung Disease: Crosstalk between Structured and Non-Structured Cells. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:diagnostics10070504. [PMID: 32708315 PMCID: PMC7400296 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10070504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis is a life-threatening disorder caused by excessive formation of connective tissue that can affect several critical organs. Innate immune cells are involved in the development of various disorders, including lung fibrosis. To date, several hematopoietic cell types have been implicated in fibrosis, including pro-fibrotic monocytes like fibrocytes and segregated-nucleus-containing atypical monocytes (SatMs), but the precise cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying its development remain unclear. Repetitive injury and subsequent cell death response are triggering events for lung fibrosis development. Crosstalk between lung structured and non-structured cells is known to regulate the key molecular event. We recently reported that RNA-binding motif protein 7 (RBM7) expression is highly upregulated in the fibrotic lung and plays fundamental roles in fibrosis development. RBM7 regulates nuclear degradation of NEAT1 non-coding RNA, resulting in sustained apoptosis in the lung epithelium and fibrosis. Apoptotic epithelial cells produce CXCL12, which leads to the recruitment of pro-fibrotic monocytes. Apoptosis is also the main source of autoantigens. Recent studies have revealed important functions for natural autoantibodies that react with specific sets of self-antigens and are unique to individual diseases. Here, we review recent insights into lung fibrosis development in association with crosstalk between structured cells like lung epithelial cells and non-structured cells like migrating immune cells, and discuss their relevance to acquired immunity through natural autoantibody production.
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11
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Gong P, Zhang Z, Zhang D, Zou Z, Zhang Q, Ma H, Li J, Liao L, Dong J. Effects of endothelial progenitor cells transplantation on hyperlipidemia associated kidney damage in ApoE knockout mouse model. Lipids Health Dis 2020; 19:53. [PMID: 32209093 PMCID: PMC7093994 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-020-01239-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hyperlipidaemia causes kidney damage over the long term. We investigated the effect of the administration of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) on the progression of kidney damage in a mouse model of hyperlipidaemia. Methods Apolipoprotein E-knockout (ApoE−/−) mice were treated with a high-cholesterol diet after spleen resection. Twenty-four weeks later, the mice were divided into two groups and intravenously injected with PBS or EPCs. Six weeks later, the recruitment of EPCs to the kidney was monitored by immunofluorescence. The lipid, endothelial cell, and collagen contents in the kidney were evaluated by specific immunostaining. The protein expression levels of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), Smad2/3, and phospho-Smad3 (p-smad3) were detected by western blot analysis. Results ApoE−/− mice treated with a high-fat diet demonstrated glomerular lipid deposition, enlargement of the glomerular mesangial matrix, endothelial cell enlargement accompanied by vacuolar degeneration and an area of interstitial collagen in the kidney. Six weeks after EPC treatment, only a few EPCs were detected in the kidney tissues of ApoE−/− mice, mainly in the kidney interstitial area. No significant differences in TGF-β, p-smad3 or smad2/3 expression were found between the PBS group and the EPC treatment group (TGF-β expression, PBS group: 1.06 ± 0.09, EPC treatment group: 1.09 ± 0.17, P = 0.787; p-smad3/smad2/3 expression: PBS group: 1.11 ± 0.41, EPC treatment group: 1.05 ± 0.33, P = 0.861). Conclusions Our findings demonstrate that hyperlipidaemia causes basement membrane thickening, glomerulosclerosis and the vascular degeneration of endothelial cells. The long-term administration of EPCs substantially has limited effect in the progression of kidney damage in a mouse model of hyperlipidaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piyun Gong
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Zhongwen Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250014, China.,Department of Endocrinology and Metabology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Dongmei Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Ninth Hospital of Xi'an, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Zhiwei Zou
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Huimei Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Jingxiu Li
- Quality control office, People's Hospital of Gaoqing, Zibo, 256300, China
| | - Lin Liao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250014, China. .,Department of Endocrinology and Metabology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250014, China.
| | - Jianjun Dong
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
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12
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Gu YY, Liu XS, Huang XR, Yu XQ, Lan HY. Diverse Role of TGF-β in Kidney Disease. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:123. [PMID: 32258028 PMCID: PMC7093020 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation and fibrosis are two pathological features of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) has been long considered as a key mediator of renal fibrosis. In addition, TGF-β also acts as a potent anti-inflammatory cytokine that negatively regulates renal inflammation. Thus, blockade of TGF-β inhibits renal fibrosis while promoting inflammation, revealing a diverse role for TGF-β in CKD. It is now well documented that TGF-β1 activates its downstream signaling molecules such as Smad3 and Smad3-dependent non-coding RNAs to transcriptionally and differentially regulate renal inflammation and fibrosis, which is negatively regulated by Smad7. Therefore, treatments by rebalancing Smad3/Smad7 signaling or by specifically targeting Smad3-dependent non-coding RNAs that regulate renal fibrosis or inflammation could be a better therapeutic approach. In this review, the paradoxical functions and underlying mechanisms by which TGF-β1 regulates in renal inflammation and fibrosis are discussed and novel therapeutic strategies for kidney disease by targeting downstream TGF-β/Smad signaling and transcriptomes are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Yu Gu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xu-Sheng Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Ru Huang
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Immunity and Genetics of Chronic Kidney Disease, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xue-Qing Yu
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Immunity and Genetics of Chronic Kidney Disease, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui-Yao Lan
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Immunity and Genetics of Chronic Kidney Disease, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China
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13
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Chen L, Yang T, Lu DW, Zhao H, Feng YL, Chen H, Chen DQ, Vaziri ND, Zhao YY. Central role of dysregulation of TGF-β/Smad in CKD progression and potential targets of its treatment. Biomed Pharmacother 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.02.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 236] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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14
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Izumi Y, Inoue H, Nakayama Y, Eguchi K, Yasuoka Y, Matsuo N, Nonoguchi H, Kakizoe Y, Kuwabara T, Mukoyama M. TSS-Seq analysis of low pH-induced gene expression in intercalated cells in the renal collecting duct. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0184185. [PMID: 28859164 PMCID: PMC5578634 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0184185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic acidosis often results from chronic kidney disease; in turn, metabolic acidosis accelerates the progression of kidney injury. The mechanisms for how acidosis facilitates kidney injury are not fully understood. To investigate whether low pH directly affects the expression of genes controlling local homeostasis in renal tubules, we performed transcription start site sequencing (TSS-Seq) using IN-IC cells, a cell line derived from rat renal collecting duct intercalated cells, with acid loading for 24 h. Peak calling identified 651 up-regulated and 128 down-regulated TSSs at pH 7.0 compared with those at pH 7.4. Among them, 424 and 38 TSSs were ≥ 1.0 and ≤ -1.0 in Log2 fold change, which were annotated to 193 up-regulated and 34 down-regulated genes, respectively. We used gene ontology analysis and manual curation to profile the up-regulated genes. The analysis revealed that many up-regulated genes are involved in renal fibrosis, implying potential molecular mechanisms induced by metabolic acidosis. To verify the activity of the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS), a candidate pathway activated by acidosis, we examined the expression of proteins from cells treated with a proteasome inhibitor, MG132. The expression of ubiquitinated proteins was greater at pH 7.0 than at pH 7.4, suggesting that low pH activates the UPS. The in vivo study demonstrated that acid loading increased the expression of ubiquitin proteins in the collecting duct cells in mouse kidneys. Motif analysis revealed Egr1, the mRNA expression of which was increased at low pH, as a candidate factor that possibly stimulates gene expression in response to low pH. In conclusion, metabolic acidosis can facilitate renal injury and fibrosis during kidney disease by locally activating various pathways in the renal tubules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichiro Izumi
- Department of Nephrology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hideki Inoue
- Department of Nephrology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yushi Nakayama
- Department of Nephrology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Koji Eguchi
- Department of Nephrology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yukiko Yasuoka
- Department of Physiology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Naomi Matsuo
- Department of Nephrology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nonoguchi
- Department of Internal Medicine and Education & Research Center, Kitasato University Medical Center, Kitamoto, Japan
| | - Yutaka Kakizoe
- Department of Nephrology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Takashige Kuwabara
- Department of Nephrology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Masashi Mukoyama
- Department of Nephrology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
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15
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Activation of FXR protects against renal fibrosis via suppressing Smad3 expression. Sci Rep 2016; 6:37234. [PMID: 27853248 PMCID: PMC5112546 DOI: 10.1038/srep37234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is the common pathway of most chronic kidney disease progression to end-stage renal failure. The nuclear receptor FXR (farnesoid X receptor), a multiple functional transcription factor, plays an important role in protecting against fibrosis. The TGFβ-Smad signaling has a central role in kidney fibrosis. However, it remains unclear whether FXR plays direct anti-fibrotic effect in renal fibrosis via regulating TGFβ-Smad pathway. In this study, we found that the level of FXR was negatively correlated with that of Smad3 and fibronectin (a marker of fibrosis) in human fibrotic kidneys. Activation of FXR suppressed kidney fibrosis and downregulated Smad3 expression, which was markedly attenuated by FXR antagonist. Moreover, the FXR-mediated repression of fibrosis was significantly alleviated by ectopic expression of Smad3. Luciferase reporter assay revealed that FXR activation inhibited the transcriptional activity of Smad3 gene promoter. The in vivo experiments showed that FXR agonist protected against renal fibrosis and downregulated Smad3 expression in UUO mice. These results suggested that FXR may serve as an important negative regulator for manipulating Smad3 expression, and the FXR/Smad3 pathway may be a novel target for the treatment of renal fibrosis.
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16
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Sun YBY, Qu X, Caruana G, Li J. The origin of renal fibroblasts/myofibroblasts and the signals that trigger fibrosis. Differentiation 2016; 92:102-107. [DOI: 10.1016/j.diff.2016.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 212] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Revised: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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