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Ma L, Mi N, Wang Z, Bao R, Fang J, Ren Y, Xu X, Zhang H, Tang Y. Knockdown of IRF8 alleviates neuroinflammation through regulating microglial activation in Parkinson's disease. J Chem Neuroanat 2024; 138:102424. [PMID: 38670441 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2024.102424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation associated with microglial activation plays a role in the development of Parkinson's disease (PD). The upregulation of interferon regulatory factor 8 (IRF8) in microglia following peripheral nerve injury has been observed to induce microglial activation. This suggests the potential therapeutic significance of IRF8 in PD. This research aims to explore the effects of IRF8 on the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced PD mouse model and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced neuroinflammation, along with its underlying mechanisms. The study examines the differential expression of IRF8 and its effects on neuropathological changes using a PD mouse model and a PD model established from BV2 cells in vitro. IRF8 was found to be prominently expressed in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) region of PD mice and LPS-stimulated BV2 cells, while the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and dopamine (DA) content in the SNpc region of PD mice was notably reduced. MPTP treatment and LPS stimulation intensified microglial activation, inflammation, and activation of the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway in vivo and in vitro, respectively. Upon IRF8 silencing in the PD mouse and cell models, the knockdown of IRF8 ameliorated MPTP-induced behavioral deficits, increased the counts of TH and Nissl-positive neurons and DA content, reduced the number of Iba-1-positive microglia, and reduced the content of inflammatory factors, possibly by inhibiting the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway. Similar outcomes were observed in the PD cell model. In conclusion, the suppression of IRF8 alleviates neuroinflammation through regulating microglial activation in PD models in vivo and in vitro by the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Ma
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China; Department of Neurology, Jilin City Hospital of Chemical Industry, Jilin City, Jilin, China
| | - Na Mi
- Department of Neurology, Chifeng Municipal Hospital, Chifeng, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Rui Bao
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jing Fang
- Department of Neurology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yajing Ren
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiuzhi Xu
- General Medical Department, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hongjia Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Jilin City Hospital of Chemical Industry, Jilin City, Jilin, China.
| | - Ying Tang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
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Kesper C, Viestenz A, Wiese-Rischke C, Scheller M, Hammer T. Impact of the transcription factor IRF8 on limbal epithelial progenitor cells in a mouse model. Exp Eye Res 2022; 218:108985. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2022.108985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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The IFN-γ-p38, ERK kinase axis exacerbates neutrophilic chronic rhinosinusitis by inducing the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Mucosal Immunol 2019; 12:601-611. [PMID: 30804419 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-019-0149-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a heterogeneous and multifactorial inflammatory disease characterized by involvement of diverse types of inflammatory cells. Asian CRS patients frequently show infiltration of neutrophils and an elevated level of interferon (IFN)-γ; by contrast, western patients exhibit eosinophil infiltration and enhanced levels of Th2-related cytokines. Neutrophilia in tissues decreases sensitivity to corticosteroids, but the mechanisms underlying the progression of neutrophilic CRS are unclear. In this study, we investigated the role of IFN-γ in CRS patients with marked neutrophil infiltration. We report that the IFN-γ level is upregulated in the tissues of these patients, particularly those with non-eosinophilic nasal polyps. The level of IFN-γ was significantly correlated with markers of the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). We further demonstrated that IFN-γ induced the EMT via the p38 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathways in a manner distinct from the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α, SMAD, and NF-κB signaling pathways. In a murine nasal polyp (NP) model, blocking the p38 and ERK signaling pathways prevented NP formation and chemotactic cytokine secretion by neutrophils but not eosinophils. Taken together, our results suggest that IFN-γ can induce the EMT in nasal epithelial cells, and thus blocking the p38 and ERK pathways could be an effective therapeutic strategy against neutrophil-dominant CRS.
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Sung JY, Yoon K, Ye SK, Goh SH, Park SY, Kim JH, Kang HG, Kim YN, Park BK. Upregulation of transforming growth factor-beta type I receptor by interferon consensus sequence-binding protein in osteosarcoma cells. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2019; 1866:761-772. [PMID: 30710564 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2019.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) is a known tumor suppressor, which also exerts a tumor promoting activity at an advanced stage of cancer. Previously, we reported that expression of interferon consensus sequence-binding protein (ICSBP), also known as interferon regulatory factor-8, is positively correlated with TGF-β type I receptor (TGF-β RI) expression in osteosarcoma patient tissues. In this study, we demonstrated that ICSBP upregulated TGF-β RI and induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition-like phenomena in human osteosarcoma cell lines. As determined by soft agar growth of osteosarcoma cells and xenografted mouse models, ICSBP increased tumorigenicity, which was reversed by ICSBP knock-down or a TGF-β RI inhibitor. To test whether ICSBP directly regulates the promoter activity of TGF-β RI, we performed a TGF-β RI promoter assay, an electro mobility shift assay, and a chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. We observed that TGF-β RI promoter was activated in ICSBP-overexpressing osteosarcoma cells. Exploiting serial deletions and mutations of the TGF-β RI promoter, we found a putative ICSBP-binding site at nucleotides -216/-211 (GGXXTC) in the TGF-β RI promoter. Our data suggest that ICSBP upregulates TGF-β RI expression by binding to this site, causing ICSBP-mediated tumor progression in osteosarcoma cells. In addition, we found a positive correlation between ICSBP and TGF-β RI expression in several types of tumors using the cBioportal database. SUMMARY: We demonstrated that interferon consensus sequence-binding protein upregulates transforming growth factor-beta type I receptor (TGF-β RI) expression by binding to nucleotides -216/-211 (GGXXTC) in the TGF-β RI promoter, which resulted in increased tumorigenicity and tumor progression in human osteosarcoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jee Young Sung
- Rare Cancer Branch, Division of Clinical Research, National Cancer Center, 323 Ilsan-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungsil Yoon
- Comparative Biomedicine Research Branch, Division of Translational Science, National Cancer Center, 323 Ilsan-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Kyu Ye
- Department of Pharmacology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Ho Goh
- Precision Medicine Branch, Division of Precision Medicine, National Cancer Center, 323 Ilsan-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Seog-Yun Park
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center, 323 Ilsan-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - June Hyuk Kim
- Orthopaedic Oncology Clinic, National Cancer Center, 323 Ilsan-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Guy Kang
- Orthopaedic Oncology Clinic, National Cancer Center, 323 Ilsan-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Nyun Kim
- Comparative Biomedicine Research Branch, Division of Translational Science, National Cancer Center, 323 Ilsan-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10408, Republic of Korea.
| | - Byung-Kiu Park
- Rare Cancer Branch, Division of Clinical Research, National Cancer Center, 323 Ilsan-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10408, Republic of Korea.
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Cripto-1 promotes resistance to drug-induced apoptosis by activating the TAK-1/NF-κB/survivin signaling pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 104:729-737. [PMID: 29807222 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.05.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Revised: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cripto-1 is an oncogenic protein that belongs to the epidermal growth factor (EGF)-cripto-1/FRL1/cryptic (CFC) family. It has been shown to stimulate tumorigenesis and metastasis by promoting cancer cell proliferation, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and tumor angiogenesis. However, the role of Cripto-1 in cell survival and apoptosis remains largely undefined. In the present study, we found that Cripto-1 is significantly upregulated in a number of human cancer cell lines. The membrane-associated but not the soluble form of Cripto-1 promotes resistance to drug-induced caspase-3 cleavage, an indicator of apoptosis. Consequently, Cripto-1 silencing sensitizes human cancer cells to chemotherapy drugs including cytarabine, cisplatin and taxol. Our mechanistic studies revealed that Cripto-1 promotes apoptosis resistance by inducing NF-κB-mediated Survivin expression through activation of TAK-1. We also found that Cripto-1 silencing does not affect growth of un-treated cancer cells, and Cripto-1 forms self-assembled punctiforms and changes its subcellular distribution upon cytarabine treatment. Thus, the anti-apoptotic activity of Cripto-1 could be an inducible function that can be activated by external stimuli such as drug stimulation. Our findings suggested that targeting the Cripto-1/TAK-1/NF-κB/Survivin pathway may be an effective approach to combat apoptosis resistance in cancer.
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Luo X, Xiong X, Shao Q, Xiang T, Li L, Yin X, Li X, Tao Q, Ren G. The tumor suppressor interferon regulatory factor 8 inhibits β-catenin signaling in breast cancers, but is frequently silenced by promoter methylation. Oncotarget 2017; 8:48875-48888. [PMID: 28388578 PMCID: PMC5564732 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Interferon (IFN) regulatory factor 8 is encoded by a novel candidate tumor suppressor gene (IRF8), its promotor is frequently methylated in multiple cancers. However, the promoter methylation status, functions and underlying mechanisms of IRF8 in breast cancer remain unclear. We found that IRF8 was downregulated in breast cancer cell lines and primary tumors, compared with normal breast tissues, mainly because of aberrant promoter methylation. However, its expression was not associated with pathological characteristics. Restoration of IRF8 expression suppressed cell proliferation, colony formation, 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine incorporation, cell migration and invasion, and induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in vitro. IRF8 also inhibited xenograft growth in nude mice in vivo. Competition with IRF8 function by IRF8 mutant (K79E) enhanced cell migration and invasion in 4T1 murine cells in vitro. Importantly, IRF8, as both downstream target gene and regulator of IFN-γ/STAT1 signaling, inhibited canonical β-catenin signaling. These findings identify IRF8 as a novel tumor suppressor regulating IFN-γ/STAT1 signaling and β-catenin signaling in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinrong Luo
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Endocrine and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xin Xiong
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qing Shao
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tingxiu Xiang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lili Li
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, Department of Clinical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sir YK Pao Center for Cancer and Li Ka Shine Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong and CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Xuedong Yin
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Endocrine and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xia Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qian Tao
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, Department of Clinical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sir YK Pao Center for Cancer and Li Ka Shine Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong and CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Guosheng Ren
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Endocrine and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Interferon consensus sequence-binding protein (ICSBP) promotes epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-like phenomena, cell-motility, and invasion via TGF-β signaling in U2OS cells. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e1224. [PMID: 24832596 PMCID: PMC4047854 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2013] [Revised: 02/23/2014] [Accepted: 03/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Interferon consensus sequence-binding protein (ICSBP) is a transcription factor induced by interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and a member of the interferon regulatory factor (IRF) family. ICSBP is predominantly expressed in hematopoietic cells and regulates the immune response and cell growth and differentiation. However, little is known about its function in non-hematopoietic cells. Here we show a novel function for ICSBP in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-like phenomena (ELP), cell motility, and invasion in human osteosarcoma cell lines, including U2OS cells. IFN-γ treatment induced ICSBP expression and EMT-like morphological change in U2OS cells, which were suppressed by ICSBP knockdown. To further investigate the role of ICSBP in ELP, we established a stable U2OS cell line that overexpresses ICSBP. ICSBP expression caused U2OS cells to have a more elongated shape and an increased vimentin and fibronectin expression. ICSBP expression also promoted adhesiveness, motility, and invasiveness of U2OS cells. ICSBP upregulated transforming growth factor (TGF)-β receptors and activated TGF-β signaling cascades, which were responsible for ELP as well as increased cell motility and invasion. In addition, ICSBP-induced TGF-β receptor activation resulted in the upregulation of Snail. Knockdown of Snail attenuated the ICSBP-induced augmentation of cell motility and invasion. Upregulation of Snail, ELP, and increased invasion by ICSBP expression were also observed in other osteosarcoma cell lines, such as Saos-2 and 143B. Furthermore, ICSBP and TGF-β receptor I were expressed in 45/54 (84%) and 47/54 (87%) of human osteosarcoma tissues, respectively, and showed significant correlation (r=0.47, P=0.0007) with respect to their expression levels. Taken altogether, these data demonstrate a novel function for ICSBP in ELP, cell motility, and invasion through the TGF-β and Snail signaling pathways.
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