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Yu Y, Guo Y, Zhu J, Shen R, Tang J. Chemotherapy drug combinations induced maternal ovarian damage and long-term effect on fetal reproductive system in mice. Eur J Pharm Sci 2024; 201:106860. [PMID: 39043317 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2024.106860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
With the postponement of female reproductive age and the higher incidence of cancer in young people, fertility preservation has become increasingly important in childbearing age. Chemotherapy during pregnancy is crucial for maternal cancer treatments and fetal outcomes. It is a need to further study ovarian damage caused by chemotherapy drug combinations and long-term effects on offspring development, and a detailed understanding of side effects of chemotherapy drugs. In this study, chemotherapy drug combinations significantly impacted on ovarian function, especially epirubicin/cyclophosphamide (EC) combination led to an unbalance in the development of the left and right ovary. Exposure to EC and cisplatin/paclitaxel (TP) increased the number of progenitor follicles while decreased the count of antral follicles and corpora luteum. As to the estrus cycle, EC exposure resulted in a longer estrus period and diestrus period, while TP exposure only extended the diestrus period. EC and TP affected steroid biosynthesis by reducing the expression of SF1 and P450arom.γ-H2AX was detected in both EC and TP exposure groups. As to the impact on the offspring from 4T1 tumor-bearing pregnant mice injected with EC, no significant difference was observed in the physical and neurological development compared to the control, but the ovarian weights, estrus cycles of the offspring were significantly different. Chemotherapy drug combinations exhibit ovarian toxicity, not only causing direct damage on the follicle cells but also disrupting steroid biosynthesis. The reproductive system of offspring from maternal tumor-bearing mice exposed to chemotherapy drugs was observed disorder, but the concrete mechanism still needs further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yu
- Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Yang Guo
- Shanghai Laboratory Animal Research Center, 3577 Road, Pudong District, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jialei Zhu
- Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Ruling Shen
- Shanghai Laboratory Animal Research Center, 3577 Road, Pudong District, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Jing Tang
- Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200090, China.
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2
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Park SJ, Park SJ, Kwon YW, Choi EH. Synergistic combination of RAD51-SCR7 improves CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing efficiency by preventing R-loop accumulation. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2024; 35:102274. [PMID: 39161621 PMCID: PMC11331969 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2024.102274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024]
Abstract
CRISPR-Cas9 has emerged as a powerful tool for genome editing. However, Cas9 genome editing faces challenges, including low efficiency and off-target effects. Here, we report that combined treatment with RAD51, a key factor in homologous recombination, and SCR7, a DNA ligase IV small-molecule inhibitor, enhances CRISPR-Cas9-mediated genome-editing efficiency in human embryonic kidney 293T and human induced pluripotent stem cells, as confirmed by cyro- transmission electron microscopy and functional analyses. First, our findings reveal the crucial role of RAD51 in homologous recombination (HR)-mediated DNA repair process. Elevated levels of exogenous RAD51 promote a post-replication step via single-strand DNA gap repair process, ensuring the completion of DNA replication. Second, using the all-in-one CRISPR-Cas9-RAD51 system, highly expressed RAD51 improved the multiple endogenous gene knockin/knockout efficiency and insertion/deletion (InDel) mutation by activating the HR-based repair pathway in concert with SCR7. Sanger sequencing shows distinct outcomes for RAD51-SCR7 in the ratio of InDel mutations in multiple genome sites. Third, RAD51-SCR7 combination can induce efficient R-loop resolution and DNA repair by enhanced HR process, which leads to DNA replication stalling and thus is advantageous to CRISPR-Cas9-based stable genome editing. Our study suggests promising applications in genome editing by enhancing CRISPR-Cas9 efficiency through RAD51 and SCR7, offering potential advancements in biotechnology and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Ji Park
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (DGMIF), Deagu 41061, South Korea
| | - Seo Jung Park
- New Drug Development Center, Osong Medical Innovation Foundation, Cheongju 28160, South Korea
| | - Yang Woo Kwon
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (DGMIF), Deagu 41061, South Korea
| | - Eui-Hwan Choi
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (DGMIF), Deagu 41061, South Korea
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3
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Ling YY, Li ZY, Mu X, Kong YJ, Hao L, Wang WJ, Shen QH, Zhang YB, Tan CP. Self-assembly of a ruthenium-based cGAS-STING photoactivator for carrier-free cancer immunotherapy. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 275:116638. [PMID: 38950489 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
The cGAS (cyclic GMP-AMP synthase)-STING (stimulator of interferon genes) pathway promotes antitumor immune responses by sensing cytosolic DNA fragments leaked from nucleus and mitochondria. Herein, we designed a highly charged ruthenium photosensitizer (Ru1) with a β-carboline alkaloid derivative as the ligand for photo-activating of the cGAS-STING pathway. Due to the formation of multiple non-covalent intermolecular interactions, Ru1 can self-assemble into carrier-free nanoparticles (NPs). By incorporating the triphenylphosphine substituents, Ru1 can target and photo-damage mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) to cause the cytoplasmic DNA leakage to activate the cGAS-STING pathway. Finally, Ru1 NPs show potent antitumor effects and elicit intense immune responses in vivo. In conclusion, we report the first self-assembling mtDNA-targeted photosensitizer, which can effectively activate the cGAS-STING pathway, thus providing innovations for the design of new photo-immunotherapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Yi Ling
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Functional Molecular Engineering, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Zhi-Yuan Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Functional Molecular Engineering, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Xia Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction, Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, PR China
| | - Ya-Jie Kong
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Functional Molecular Engineering, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Liang Hao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Functional Molecular Engineering, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Wen-Jin Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Functional Molecular Engineering, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Qing-Hua Shen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Functional Molecular Engineering, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Yue-Bin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction, Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, PR China.
| | - Cai-Ping Tan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Functional Molecular Engineering, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
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4
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Chen S, Bi K, Liang H, Wu Z, Huang M, Chen X, Dong G, Sheng C. PROTAC derivatization of natural products for target identification and drug discovery: Design of evodiamine-based PROTACs as novel REXO4 degraders. J Adv Res 2024; 63:219-230. [PMID: 37913903 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2023.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Natural products (NPs) play a crucial role in the development of therapeutic drugs. However, it is still highly challenging to identify the targets of NPs. Besides, NPs usually exert their pharmacological activities via acting on multiple targets or pathways, which also poses great difficulties for the target identification of NPs. OBJECTIVES Inspired by our continuous efforts in designing drug-like protein degraders, this study introduced a successful example for the target identification and drug discovery of natural products evodiamine by employing PROTAC technology. METHODS Taking advantages of proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC), herein an integrated strategy combining PROTAC derivatization, quantitative proteomic analysis and binding affinity validation was developed for target identification and drug discovery of antitumor NP evodiamine. RESULTS In this study, both highly potent PROTACs and negative controls were designed for quantitative proteomic analysis. Furthermore, REXO4 was confirmed as a direct target of 3-fluoro-10-hydroxylevodiamine, which induced cell death through ROS. In addition, the PROTAC 13c effectively degraded REXO4 both in vitro and in vivo, leading to potent antitumor activities and reduced toxic side effects. CONCLUSION In summary, we developed an integrated strategy for the target identification and drug discovery of NPs, which was successfully applied to the PROTAC derivatization and target characterization of evodiamine. This proof-of-concept study highlighted the superiority of PROTAC technology in target identification of NPs and accelerated the process of NPs-based drug discovery, exhibiting broad application in NP-based drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuqiang Chen
- The Center for Basic Research and Innovation of Medicine and Pharmacy (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University (Naval Medical University), Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China.
| | - Kaijian Bi
- The Center for Basic Research and Innovation of Medicine and Pharmacy (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University (Naval Medical University), Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Huixin Liang
- The Center for Basic Research and Innovation of Medicine and Pharmacy (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University (Naval Medical University), Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhe Wu
- The Center for Basic Research and Innovation of Medicine and Pharmacy (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University (Naval Medical University), Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoqiang Dong
- The Center for Basic Research and Innovation of Medicine and Pharmacy (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University (Naval Medical University), Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunquan Sheng
- The Center for Basic Research and Innovation of Medicine and Pharmacy (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University (Naval Medical University), Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China.
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5
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Aumer T, Däther M, Bergmayr L, Kartika S, Zeng T, Ge Q, Giorgio G, Hess AJ, Michalakis S, Traube FR. The type of DNA damage response after decitabine treatment depends on the level of DNMT activity. Life Sci Alliance 2024; 7:e202302437. [PMID: 38906675 PMCID: PMC11192838 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202302437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Decitabine and azacytidine are considered as epigenetic drugs that induce DNA methyltransferase (DNMT)-DNA crosslinks, resulting in DNA hypomethylation and damage. Although they are already applied against myeloid cancers, important aspects of their mode of action remain unknown, highly limiting their clinical potential. Using a combinatorial approach, we reveal that the efficacy profile of both compounds primarily depends on the level of induced DNA damage. Under low DNMT activity, only decitabine has a substantial impact. Conversely, when DNMT activity is high, toxicity and cellular response to both compounds are dramatically increased, but do not primarily depend on DNA hypomethylation or RNA-associated processes. By investigating proteome dynamics on chromatin, we show that decitabine induces a strictly DNMT-dependent multifaceted DNA damage response based on chromatin recruitment, but not expression-level changes of repair-associated proteins. The choice of DNA repair pathway hereby depends on the severity of decitabine-induced DNA lesions. Although under moderate DNMT activity, mismatch (MMR), base excision (BER), and Fanconi anaemia-dependent DNA repair combined with homologous recombination are activated in response to decitabine, high DNMT activity and therefore immense replication stress induce activation of MMR and BER followed by non-homologous end joining.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Aumer
- Institute of Chemical Epigenetics Munich, Department of Chemistry, University of Munich (LMU), München, Germany
- https://ror.org/02kkvpp62 TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich (TUM), München, Germany
| | - Maike Däther
- Institute of Chemical Epigenetics Munich, Department of Chemistry, University of Munich (LMU), München, Germany
- https://ror.org/02kkvpp62 TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich (TUM), München, Germany
| | - Linda Bergmayr
- https://ror.org/02kkvpp62 TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich (TUM), München, Germany
| | - Stephanie Kartika
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Munich (LMU), München, Germany
| | - Theodor Zeng
- https://ror.org/02kkvpp62 TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich (TUM), München, Germany
| | - Qingyi Ge
- https://ror.org/02kkvpp62 TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich (TUM), München, Germany
| | - Grazia Giorgio
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital LMU Munich, München, Germany
| | - Alexander J Hess
- https://ror.org/02kkvpp62 TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich (TUM), München, Germany
| | | | - Franziska R Traube
- Institute of Chemical Epigenetics Munich, Department of Chemistry, University of Munich (LMU), München, Germany
- https://ror.org/02kkvpp62 TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich (TUM), München, Germany
- Institute of Biochemistry and Technical Biochemistry, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
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6
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Huang M, Zhu X, Wang C, He L, Li L, Wang H, Fan G, Wang Y. PINX1 loss confers susceptibility to PARP inhibition in pan-cancer cells. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:610. [PMID: 39174499 PMCID: PMC11341912 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-07009-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
PARP1 is crucial in DNA damage repair, chromatin remodeling, and transcriptional regulation. The principle of synthetic lethality has effectively guided the application of PARP inhibitors in treating tumors carrying BRCA1/2 mutations. Meanwhile, PARP inhibitors have exhibited efficacy in BRCA-proficient patients, further highlighting the necessity for a deeper understanding of PARP1 function and its inhibition in cancer therapy. Here, we unveil PIN2/TRF1-interacting telomerase inhibitor 1 (PINX1) as an uncharacterized PARP1-interacting protein that synergizes with PARP inhibitors upon its depletion across various cancer cell lines. Loss of PINX1 compromises DNA damage repair capacity upon etoposide treatment. The vulnerability of PINX1-deficient cells to etoposide and PARP inhibitors could be effectively restored by introducing either a full-length or a mutant form of PINX1 lacking telomerase inhibitory activity. Mechanistically, PINX1 is recruited to DNA lesions through binding to the ZnF3-BRCT domain of PARP1, facilitating the downstream recruitment of the DNA repair factor XRCC1. In the absence of DNA damage, PINX1 constitutively binds to PARP1, promoting PARP1-chromatin association and transcription of specific DNA damage repair proteins, including XRCC1, and transcriptional regulators, including GLIS3. Collectively, our findings identify PINX1 as a multifaceted partner of PARP1, crucial for safeguarding cells against genotoxic stress and emerging as a potential candidate for targeted tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Huang
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaotong Zhu
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liying He
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haopeng Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Research and Trial Center, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Gaofeng Fan
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Clinical Research and Trial Center, Shanghai, 201210, China.
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Clinical and Translational Research Center, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
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7
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Yero A, Goulet JP, Shi T, Costiniuk CT, Routy JP, Tremblay C, Mboumba Bouassa RS, Alexandrova Y, Pagliuzza A, Chomont N, Ancuta P, Jenabian MA. Altered memory CCR6 + Th17-polarised T-cell function and biology in people with HIV under successful antiretroviral therapy and HIV elite controllers. EBioMedicine 2024; 107:105274. [PMID: 39178742 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2024.105274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite successful antiretroviral therapy (ART), frequencies and immunological functions of memory CCR6+ Th17-polarised CD4+ T-cells are not fully restored in people with HIV (PWH). Moreover, long-lived Th17 cells contribute to HIV persistence under ART. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying these observations remain understudied. METHODS mRNA-sequencing was performed using Illumina technology on freshly FACS-sorted memory CCR6+CD4+ T-cells from successfully ART-treated (ST), elite controllers (EC), and uninfected donors (HD). Gene expression validation was performed by RT-PCR, flow cytometry, and in vitro functional assays. FINDINGS Decreased Th17 cell frequencies in STs and ECs versus HDs coincided with reduced Th17-lineage cytokine production in vitro. Accordingly, the RORγt/RORC2 repressor NR1D1 was upregulated, while the RORγt/RORC2 inducer Semaphorin 4D was decreased in memory CCR6+ T-cells of STs and ECs versus HDs. The presence of HIV-DNA in memory CCR6+ T-cells of ST and EC corresponded with the downregulation of HIV restriction factors (SERINC3, KLF3, and RNF125) and HIV inhibitors (tetraspanins), along with increased expression of the HIV-dependency factor MRE11, indicative of higher susceptibility/permissiveness to HIV-1 infection. Furthermore, markers of DNA damage/modification were elevated in memory CCR6+ T-cells of STs and ECs versus HDs, in line with their increased activation (CD38/HLA-DR), senescence/exhaustion phenotype (CTLA-4/PD-1/CD57) and their decreased expression of proliferation marker Ki-67. INTERPRETATION These results reveal new molecular mechanisms of Th17 cell deficit in ST and EC PWH despite a successful control of HIV-1 replication. This knowledge points to potential therapeutic interventions to limit HIV-1 infection and restore frequencies, effector functions, and senescence/exhaustion in Th17 cells. FUNDING This study was funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR, operating grant MOP 142294, and the Canadian HIV Cure Enterprise [CanCURE 2.0] Team Grant HB2 164064), and in part, by the Réseau SIDA et maladies infectieuses du Fonds de recherche du Québec-Santé (FRQ-S).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Yero
- Department of Biological Sciences and CERMO-FC Research Centre, Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM), Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Tao Shi
- Department of Biological Sciences and CERMO-FC Research Centre, Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM), Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Cecilia T Costiniuk
- Chronic Viral Illness Service and Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jean-Pierre Routy
- Chronic Viral Illness Service and Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Cecile Tremblay
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CR-CHUM), Montreal, QC, Canada; Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Ralph-Sydney Mboumba Bouassa
- Department of Biological Sciences and CERMO-FC Research Centre, Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM), Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Yulia Alexandrova
- Department of Biological Sciences and CERMO-FC Research Centre, Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM), Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Amélie Pagliuzza
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CR-CHUM), Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Nicolas Chomont
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CR-CHUM), Montreal, QC, Canada; Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Petronela Ancuta
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CR-CHUM), Montreal, QC, Canada; Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Mohammad-Ali Jenabian
- Department of Biological Sciences and CERMO-FC Research Centre, Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM), Montreal, QC, Canada; Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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8
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Biswal P, Mallick B. miR-185-5p rewires cisplatin resistance by restoring miR-203a-3p expression via downregulation of SOX9. DNA Repair (Amst) 2024; 142:103750. [PMID: 39173500 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2024.103750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
Chemotherapeutic drug resistance is a challenge for the effective treatment of OSCC. There are a couple of studies on the involvement of microRNAs (miRNAs) in chemoresistance of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), but the exact molecular events in many cases are not clearly understood. In this work, we intend to track down key miRNA(s) and unveil their regulatory molecular mechanisms in imparting chemoresistance in this lethal cancer. We analyzed gene and miRNA array profiles of drug-resistant OSCC cells, predicted miRNA targets, performed enrichment analysis, and validated our findings in cisplatin-sensitive and cisplatin-resistant SCC9 and H357 OSCC cells. We evaluated the anticancer and chemosensitivity roles of selected miRNA by adopting several molecular assays like qRT-PCR, MTT assay, wound healing assay, fluorescence imaging by DCFHDA, AO/EB staining, DAPI, and γ-H2AX accumulation assay. We also validated the miRNA-target binding by qRT-PCR and luciferase reporter assay. Among the enriched miRNAs, we found miR-185-5p downregulated in cisplatin-resistant OSCC cells as a signature miRNA modulating chemoresistance. The upregulation of miR-185-5p by mimic transfection restores cisplatin sensitivity by decreasing cell viability in a dose-dependent manner and increasing ROS-induced DNA damage and apoptosis. miR-185-5p overexpression increases miR-203a-3p expression through negative regulation of SOX9. siRNA-mediated silencing of the SOX9 also shows similar results. Mechanistically, miR-185-5p dependent miR-203a-3p expression decreases cisplatin efflux and cisplatin-induced DNA damage repair by regulating ABCC1, ABCB1, RRM2, and RAN. This study will pave the way for employing this miR-185-5p as a combination therapeutic strategy to combat cisplatin resistance in oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyajit Biswal
- RNAi and Functional Genomics Lab., Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela, Odisha 769008, India
| | - Bibekanand Mallick
- RNAi and Functional Genomics Lab., Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela, Odisha 769008, India.
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9
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Kahale F, Alemi H, Naderi A, Deshpande N, Lee S, Wang S, Singh RB, Dohlman T, Yin J, Jurkunas U, Dana R. Neuropeptide alpha-Melanocyte stimulating hormone preserves corneal endothelial morphology in a murine model of Fuchs dystrophy. Sci Rep 2024; 14:18842. [PMID: 39138334 PMCID: PMC11322312 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-69416-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy is a heterogenous disease with multifactorial etiology, and genetic, epigenetic, and exogenous factors contributing to its pathogenesis. DNA damage plays a significant role, with ultraviolet-A (UV-A) emerging as a key contributing factor. We investigate the potential application of neuropeptide α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH) in mitigating oxidative stress induced endothelial damage. First, we examined the effects of α-MSH on a cultured human corneal endothelial cell line (HCEnC-21T) exposed to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) induced oxidative DNA damage. We performed immunofluorescence and flow cytometry to assess DNA damage and cell death in the cultured cells. Additionally, we used an established mouse model that utilizes ultraviolet light to induce corneal endothelial cell damage resulting in decreased CEnC number, increased cell size variability, and decreased percentage of hexagonal cells. This endothelial decompensation leads to an increase in corneal thickness. Following UV-A exposure, the mice were systemically treated with α-MSH, either immediately after exposure (early treatment) or beginning two weeks post-exposure (delayed treatment). To evaluate treatment efficacy, we analyzed CEnC density and morphology using in vivo confocal microscopy, and central corneal thickness using anterior segment optical coherence tomography. Our findings demonstrated that α-MSH treatment effectively protects HCEnC-21T from free-radical induced oxidative DNA damage and subsequent cell death. In vivo, α-MSH treatment, mitigated the loss of CEnC density, deterioration of cell morphology and suppression of the resultant corneal swelling. These results underline the potential application of α-MSH as a therapeutic agent for mitigating corneal endothelial damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Kahale
- Laboratory of Corneal Immunology, Transplantation and Regeneration, Department of Ophthalmology, Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, 20 Staniford Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Hamid Alemi
- Laboratory of Corneal Immunology, Transplantation and Regeneration, Department of Ophthalmology, Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, 20 Staniford Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Amirreza Naderi
- Laboratory of Corneal Immunology, Transplantation and Regeneration, Department of Ophthalmology, Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, 20 Staniford Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Neha Deshpande
- Laboratory of Corneal Immunology, Transplantation and Regeneration, Department of Ophthalmology, Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, 20 Staniford Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Seokjoo Lee
- Laboratory of Corneal Immunology, Transplantation and Regeneration, Department of Ophthalmology, Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, 20 Staniford Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Shudan Wang
- Laboratory of Corneal Immunology, Transplantation and Regeneration, Department of Ophthalmology, Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, 20 Staniford Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Rohan Bir Singh
- Laboratory of Corneal Immunology, Transplantation and Regeneration, Department of Ophthalmology, Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, 20 Staniford Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Thomas Dohlman
- Laboratory of Corneal Immunology, Transplantation and Regeneration, Department of Ophthalmology, Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, 20 Staniford Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Jia Yin
- Laboratory of Corneal Immunology, Transplantation and Regeneration, Department of Ophthalmology, Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, 20 Staniford Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Ula Jurkunas
- Laboratory of Corneal Immunology, Transplantation and Regeneration, Department of Ophthalmology, Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, 20 Staniford Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Reza Dana
- Laboratory of Corneal Immunology, Transplantation and Regeneration, Department of Ophthalmology, Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, 20 Staniford Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
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10
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Simanov G, Rocques N, Romero S, de Koning L, Vacher S, Dubois T, Bièche I, Gautreau AM. The Arp2/3 inhibitory protein Arpin inhibits homology-directed DNA repair. Biol Cell 2024:e2400073. [PMID: 39118570 DOI: 10.1111/boc.202400073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND INFORMATION Arpin, an Arp2/3 inhibitory protein, inhibits lamellipodial protrusions and cell migration. Arpin expression is lost in tumor cells of several cancer types. RESULTS Here we analyzed expression levels of Arpin and various markers using Reverse Phase Protein Array (RPPA) in human mammary carcinomas. We found that Arpin protein levels were correlated with those of several DNA damage response markers. Arpin-null cells display enhanced clustering of double stand breaks (DSBs) when cells are treated with a DNA damaging agent, in line with a previously described role of the Arp2/3 complex in promoting DSB clustering for homologous DNA repair (HDR) in the nucleus. Using a specific HDR assay, we further showed that Arpin depletion increased HDR efficiency two-fold through its ability to inactivate the Arp2/3 complex. CONCLUSIONS Arpin regulates both cell migration in the cytosol and HDR in the nucleus. SIGNIFICANCE Loss of Arpin expression coordinates enhanced cell migration with up-regulated DNA repair, which is required when DNA damage is induced by active cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gleb Simanov
- Laboratory of Structural Biology of the Cell (BIOC), UMR7654 CNRS/Ecole polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France
| | - Nathalie Rocques
- Laboratory of Structural Biology of the Cell (BIOC), UMR7654 CNRS/Ecole polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France
| | - Stéphane Romero
- Laboratory of Structural Biology of the Cell (BIOC), UMR7654 CNRS/Ecole polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France
| | - Leanne de Koning
- Department of Translational Research, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Vacher
- Department of Genetics, Pharmacogenomics Unit, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Thierry Dubois
- Department of Translational Research, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Ivan Bièche
- Department of Genetics, Pharmacogenomics Unit, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Alexis M Gautreau
- Laboratory of Structural Biology of the Cell (BIOC), UMR7654 CNRS/Ecole polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France
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11
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Sala R, Esquer H, Kellett T, Kearns JT, Awolade P, Zhou Q, LaBarbera DV. CHD1L Regulates Cell Survival in Breast Cancer and Its Inhibition by OTI-611 Impedes the DNA Damage Response and Induces PARthanatos. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8590. [PMID: 39201277 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25168590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The Chromodomain helicase DNA-binding protein 1-like (CHD1L) is a nucleosome remodeling enzyme, which plays a key role in chromatin relaxation during the DNA damage response. Genome editing has shown that deletion of CHD1L sensitizes cells to PARPi, but the effect of its pharmacological inhibition has not been defined. Triple-negative breast cancer SUM149PT, HCC1937, and MDA-MB-231 cells were used to assess the mechanism of action of the CHD1Li OTI-611. Cytotoxicity as a single agent or in combination with standard-of-care treatments was assessed in tumor organoids. Immunofluorescence was used to assess the translocation of PAR and AIF to the cytoplasm or the nucleus and to study markers of DNA damage or apoptosis. Trapping of PARP1/2 or CHD1L onto chromatin was also assessed by in situ subcellular fractionation and immunofluorescence and validated by Western blot. We show that the inhibition of CHD1L's ATPase activity by OTI-611 is cytotoxic to triple-negative breast cancer tumor organoids and synergizes with PARPi and chemotherapy independently of the BRCA mutation status. The inhibition of the remodeling function blocks the phosphorylation of H2AX, traps CHD1L on chromatin, and leaves PAR chains on PARP1/2 open for hydrolysis. PAR hydrolysis traps PARP1/2 at DNA damage sites and mediates PAR translocation to the cytoplasm, release of AIF from the mitochondria, and induction of PARthanatos. The targeted inhibition of CHD1L's oncogenic function by OTI-611 signifies an innovative therapeutic strategy for breast cancer and other cancers. This approach capitalizes on CHD1L-mediated DNA repair and cell survival vulnerabilities, thereby creating synergy with standard-of-care therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Sala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Hector Esquer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- The CU Anschutz Center for Drug Discovery, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- The University of Colorado Cancer Center, The University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Timothy Kellett
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Jeffrey T Kearns
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Paul Awolade
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Qiong Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- The CU Anschutz Center for Drug Discovery, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- The University of Colorado Cancer Center, The University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Daniel V LaBarbera
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- The CU Anschutz Center for Drug Discovery, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- The University of Colorado Cancer Center, The University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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12
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Xie Y, Xiao D, Li D, Peng M, Peng W, Duan H, Yang X. Combined strategies with PARP inhibitors for the treatment of BRCA wide type cancer. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1441222. [PMID: 39156700 PMCID: PMC11327142 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1441222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Genomic instability stands out as a pivotal hallmark of cancer, and PARP inhibitors (PARPi) emerging as a groundbreaking class of targeted therapy drugs meticulously crafted to inhibit the repair of DNA single-strand breaks(SSB) in tumor cells. Currently, PARPi have been approved for the treatment of ovarian cancer, pancreatic cancer, breast cancer, and prostate cancer characterized by homologous recombination(HR) repair deficiencies due to mutations in BRCA1/2 or other DNA repair associated genes and acquiring the designation of breakthrough therapy. Nonetheless, PARPi exhibit limited efficacy in the majority of HR-proficient BRCA1/2 wild-type cancers. At present, the synergistic approach of combining PARPi with agents that induce HR defects, or with chemotherapy and radiotherapy to induce substantial DNA damage, significantly enhances the efficacy of PARPi in BRCA wild-type or HR-proficient patients, supporting extension the use of PARPi in HR proficient patients. Therefore, we have summarized the effects and mechanisms of the combined use of drugs with PARPi, including the combination of PARPi with HR defect-inducing drugs such as ATRi, CHKi, HR indirectly inducing drugs like VEGFRi, CDKi, immune checkpoint inhibitors and drugs instigating DNA damage such as chemotherapy or radiotherapy. In addition, this review discusses several ongoing clinical trials aimed at analyzing the clinical application potential of these combined treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijun Xie
- Department of Oncology, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Engineering Research Center of Reproduction and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of Fish of Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Di Xiao
- Department of Oncology, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Engineering Research Center of Reproduction and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of Fish of Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Duo Li
- Department of Oncology, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Engineering Research Center of Reproduction and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of Fish of Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Mei Peng
- Department of Oncology, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Engineering Research Center of Reproduction and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of Fish of Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Peng
- Department of Oncology, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Engineering Research Center of Reproduction and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of Fish of Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Huaxin Duan
- Department of Oncology, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Engineering Research Center of Reproduction and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of Fish of Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoping Yang
- Department of Oncology, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Engineering Research Center of Reproduction and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of Fish of Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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13
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Ahn J, Lee JW, Nam SM, Kim DK, Cho SK, Choi HK. Integrative multi-omics analysis reveals ortho-topolin riboside exhibits anticancer activity by regulating metabolic pathways in radio-resistant triple negative breast cancer cells. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 398:111089. [PMID: 38823535 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2024.111089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Radio-resistant triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is resistant to conventional drugs and radiation therapy. ortho-topolin riboside (oTR) has been evaluated for its anticancer activity in several types of cancer cells. However, its anti-proliferative activity in radio-resistant TNBC cells has not yet been reported. Therefore, we investigated the anti-proliferative activity of oTR in radio-resistant TNBC cells, and performed metabolome, lipidome, transcriptome, and proteome profiling to reveal the mechanisms of the anticancer activity of oTR. oTR showed cytotoxicity against radio-resistant TNBC cells with an inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of 7.78 μM. Significantly decreased (p value < 0.05) basal and compensatory glycolysis were observed in the oTR-treated group than untreated group. Mitochondrial spare respiratory capacity, which is relevant to cell fitness and flexibility, was significantly decreased (p value < 0.05) in the oTR-treated group. The major metabolic pathways significantly altered by oTR according to metabolome, transcriptome, and proteome profiles were the glycerolipid/glycerophospholipid pathway (log2(FC) of MGLL = -0.13, log2(FC) of acylglycerol lipase = -1.35, log2(FC) of glycerol = -0.81), glycolysis (log2(FC) of EGLN1 = 0.16, log2(FC) of EGLN1 = 0.62, log2(FC) of glucose = -0.76, log2(FC) of lactate = -0.81), and kynurenine pathway (log2(FC) of KYNU = 0.29, log2(FC) of kynureninase = 0.55, log2(FC) of alanine = 0.72). Additionally, proline metabolism (log2(FC) of PYCR1 = -0.17, log2(FC) of proline = -0.73) was significantly altered in the metabolomic and transcriptomic profiles. The MAPK signaling pathway (log2(FC) of CCN1 = -0.15, log2(FC) of CCN family member 1 = -1.02) and Rap 1 signaling pathway (log2(FC) of PARD6B = -0.28, log2(FC) of PAR6B = -3.13) were also significantly altered in transcriptomic and proteomic profiles. The findings of this study revealed that oTR has anticancer activity in radio-resistant TNBC cells by affecting various metabolic pathways, suggesting the potential of oTR as a novel anticancer agent for radio-resistant TNBC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyoung Ahn
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Won Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Min Nam
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Kyeong Kim
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology and Science, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Somi Kim Cho
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology and Science, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, Republic of Korea; Subtropical/Tropical Organism Gene Bank, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyung-Kyoon Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea.
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14
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Johnson BA, Liu AZ, Bi T, Dong Y, Li T, Zhou D, Narkar A, Wu Y, Sun SX, Larman TC, Zhu J, Li R. Simple aneuploidy evades p53 surveillance and promotes niche factor-independent growth in human intestinal organoids. Mol Biol Cell 2024; 35:br15. [PMID: 38985518 PMCID: PMC11321050 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e24-04-0166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Aneuploidy is nearly ubiquitous in tumor genomes, but the role of aneuploidy in the early stages of cancer evolution remains unclear. Here, by inducing heterogeneous aneuploidy in non-transformed human colon organoids (colonoids), we investigated how the effects of aneuploidy on cell growth and differentiation may promote malignant transformation. Previous work implicated p53 activation as a downstream response to aneuploidy induction. We found that simple aneuploidy, characterized by 1-3 gained or lost chromosomes, resulted in little or modest p53 activation and cell cycle arrest when compared with more complex aneuploid cells. Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis revealed that the degree of p53 activation was strongly correlated with karyotype complexity. Single-cell tracking showed that cells could continue to divide despite the observation of one to a few lagging chromosomes. Unexpectedly, colonoids with simple aneuploidy exhibited impaired differentiation after niche factor withdrawal. These findings demonstrate that simple aneuploid cells can escape p53 surveillance and may contribute to niche factor-independent growth of cancer-initiating colon stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blake A. Johnson
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205
| | - Albert Z. Liu
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205
| | - Tianhao Bi
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205
| | - Yi Dong
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205
| | - Taibo Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218
| | - Dingjingyu Zhou
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205
| | - Akshay Narkar
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205
| | - Yufei Wu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218
- Institute for NanoBio Technology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218
| | - Sean X. Sun
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218
- Institute for NanoBio Technology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218
| | - Tatianna C. Larman
- Department of Pathology, Division of Gastrointestinal/Liver Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205
| | - Jin Zhu
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore
| | - Rong Li
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117558, Singapore
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15
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Gallego-Rentero M, López Sánchez A, Nicolás-Morala J, Alcaraz-Laso P, Zhang N, Juarranz Á, González S, Carrasco E. The effect of Fernblock® in preventing blue-light-induced oxidative stress and cellular damage in retinal pigment epithelial cells is associated with NRF2 induction. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2024; 23:1471-1484. [PMID: 38909335 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-024-00606-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
Blue light exposure of the ocular apparatus is currently rising. This has motivated a growing concern about potential deleterious effects on different eye structures. To address this, ARPE-19 cells were used as a model of the retinal pigment epithelium and subjected to cumulative expositions of blue light. The most relevant cellular events previously associated with blue-light-induced damage were assessed, including alterations in cell morphology, viability, cell proliferation, oxidative stress, inflammation, and the induction of DNA repair cellular mechanisms. Consistent with previous reports, our results provide evidence of cellular alterations resulting from repeated exposure to blue light irradiation. In this context, we explored the potential protective properties of the vegetal extract from Polypodium leucotomos, Fernblock® (FB), using the widely known treatment with lutein as a reference for comparison. The only changes observed as a result of the sole treatment with either FB or lutein were a slight but significant increase in γH2AX+ cells and the raise in the nuclear levels of NRF2. Overall, our findings indicate that the treatment with FB (similarly to lutein) prior to blue light irradiation can alleviate blue-light-induced deleterious effects in RPE cells, specifically preventing the drop in both cell viability and percentage of EdU+ cells, as well as the increase in ROS generation, percentage of γH2AX+ nuclei (more efficiently with FB), and TNF-α secretion (the latter restored only by FB to similar levels to those of the control). On the contrary, the induction in the P21 expression upon blue light irradiation was not prevented neither by FB nor by lutein. Notably, the nuclear translocation of NRF2 induced by blue light was similar to that observed in cells pre-treated with FB, while lutein pre-treatment resulted in nuclear NRF2 levels similar to control cells, suggesting key differences in the mechanism of cellular protection exerted by these compounds. These results may represent the foundation ground for the use of FB as a new ingredient in the development of alternative prophylactic strategies for blue-light-associated diseases, a currently rising medical interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Gallego-Rentero
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Jimena Nicolás-Morala
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Paula Alcaraz-Laso
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Noelia Zhang
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángeles Juarranz
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Salvador González
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Alcalá de Henares University, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Elisa Carrasco
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
- Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain.
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CBM); Instituto Universitario de Biología Molecular-IUBM (Universidad Autónoma de Madrid), Madrid, Spain.
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16
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Shi Y, Huang R, Zhang Y, Feng Q, Pan X, Wang L. RNA Interference Induces BRCA1 Gene Methylation and Increases the Radiosensitivity of Breast Cancer Cells. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2024; 39:406-424. [PMID: 35180362 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2021.0346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the relationship between breast cancer susceptibility gene-1 (BRCA1) gene methylation and the radiosensitivity of breast cancer. Materials and Methods: The authors studied three breast cancer cell lines: MDA-MB-435, MDA-MB-231, and MCF-7 cells. They constructed five short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) and five small interfering RNAs to target selected promoter loci and initiate sequence-specific methylation in breast cancer cells. Pyrosequencing was used to analyze the state of DNA methylation. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to detect BRCA1 mRNA expression and RNA-directed DNA methylation (RdDM)-related gene expression. Western blotting was performed to analyze BRCA1 protein expression. Colony formation assays and γ-histone H2A foci formation assays were conducted to assess the surviving fraction (SF) and double-strand break (DSB) repair ability of cells after irradiation. Results: The authors constructed five strains of lentivirus vectors and five plasmid vectors targeting BRCA1 promoter region. In MDA-MB-435 cells, lentivirus-mediated RNA interference targeting Site 1 of BRCA1 increased the methylation levels of BRCA1 and reduced BRCA1 mRNA and protein expression. The SF and the ability to repair DNA DSBs were reduced in the combined LV-BRCA1RNAi-Site 1 infection and irradiation group. Conclusions: The authors' findings suggest that the shRNA suppressed the expression levels of the BRCA1 gene and reduced the SF and DNA repair ability of cells after irradiation through RdDM. In summary, the radiosensitivity of breast cancer cells may correlate with BRCA1 methylation. Advances in Knowledge: The authors first utilized a lentivirus-based shRNA-mediated specific-sequence DNA methylation of the BRCA1 gene mediated by RdDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuebin Shi
- Department of Pathology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Rui Huang
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Qiang Feng
- Department of Pathology, 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xinyan Pan
- Department of Pathology, 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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17
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Lu G, Zou Z, Xin M, Meng Y, Cheng Z, Du Z, Gu J, Zhang X, Zou Y. Carbamoylation at C-8 position of natural 3-arylcoumarin scaffold for the discovery of novel PARP-1 inhibitors with potent anticancer activity. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 277:116726. [PMID: 39116535 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Revised: 07/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Structural modification based on natural privileged scaffolds has proven to be an attractive approach to generate potential antitumor candidates with high potency and specific targeting. As a continuation of our efforts to identify potent PARP-1 inhibitors, natural 3-arylcoumarin scaffold was served as the starting point for the construction of novel structural unit for PARP-1 inhibition. Herein, a series of novel 8-carbamyl-3-arylcoumarin derivatives were designed and synthesized. The antiproliferative activities of target compounds against four BRCA-mutated cancer cells (SUM149PT, HCC1937, MDA-MB-436 and Capan-1) were evaluated. Among them, compound 9b exhibited excellent antiproliferative effects against SUM149PT, HCC1937 and Capan-1 cells with IC50 values of 0.62, 1.91 and 4.26 μM, respectively. Moreover, 9b could significantly inhibit the intracellular PARP-1/2 activity in SUM149PT cells with IC50 values of 2.53 nM and 6.45 nM, respectively. Further mechanism studies revealed that 9b could aggravate DNA double-strand breaks, increase ROS production, decrease mitochondrial membrane potential, arrest cell cycle at G2/M phase and ultimately induce apoptosis in SUM149PT cells. In addition, molecular docking study demonstrated that the binding mode of 9b with PARP-1 was similar to that of niraparib, forming multiple hydrogen bond interactions with the active site of PARP-1. Taken together, these findings suggest that 8-carbamyl-3-arylcoumarin scaffold could serve as an effective structural unit for PARP-1 inhibition and offer a valuable paradigm for the structural modification of natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqing Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Anti-Infective Drug Discovery and Development, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Zhiru Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Anti-Infective Drug Discovery and Development, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Meixiu Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Anti-Infective Drug Discovery and Development, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Yingfen Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Anti-Infective Drug Discovery and Development, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Zhuo Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Anti-Infective Drug Discovery and Development, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Zhibo Du
- Zhongshan Wanhan Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Zhongshan, 528451, PR China
| | - Jiayi Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Anti-Infective Drug Discovery and Development, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Xuejing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Anti-Infective Drug Discovery and Development, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Yong Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Anti-Infective Drug Discovery and Development, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
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18
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Dzhemileva LU, D'yakonov VA, Egorova KS, Ananikov VP. Mechanisms of cytotoxicity in six classes of ionic liquids: Evaluating cell cycle impact and genotoxic and apoptotic effects. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 364:142964. [PMID: 39074667 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs), earlier praised for their eco-friendliness, have emerged as key chemicals in advancing green chemistry, catalysis, solvent development, and more. However, the discovery of their notable toxicity has led to a controversial reputation of ILs and has shifted the research landscape towards understanding their biological impacts. The present study examines the mechanism of cytotoxicity of 32 ILs across six classes, highlighting their effects on the cell cycle of the Jurkat cell line. Focusing on five ILs with pronounced cytotoxicity, we uncover their genotoxic effects and their role in inducing apoptosis. Our findings suggest intricate interplay between the extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways at different time points after exposure to ILs. Moreover, the ILs studied displayed marked genotoxicity, likely stemming from the accumulation of double-strand DNA breaks in the Jurkat cells. This investigation offers a comprehensive view on interactions of ILs with eukaryotic cells, thereby providing new guidelines for developing safer pharmaceutical and industrial applications of these chemicals. The results not only broaden and enhance the previous perceptions but also open new avenues in research, emphasizing the dual potential of ILs in innovation and safety, and marking a significant step towards integrating chemical innovations with biological safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilya U Dzhemileva
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Vladimir A D'yakonov
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Ksenia S Egorova
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
| | - Valentine P Ananikov
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
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19
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Eroz I, Kakkar PK, Lazar RA, El-Jawhari J. Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Myelodysplastic Syndromes and Leukaemia. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1677. [PMID: 39200142 PMCID: PMC11351218 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12081677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are one of the main residents in the bone marrow (BM) and have an essential role in the regulation of haematopoietic stem cell (HSC) differentiation and proliferation. Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs) are a group of myeloid disorders impacting haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSCPs) that are characterised by BM failure, ineffective haematopoiesis, cytopenia, and a high risk of transformation through the expansion of MDS clones together with additional genetic defects. It has been indicated that MSCs play anti-tumorigenic roles such as in cell cycle arrest and pro-tumorigenic roles including the induction of metastasis in MDS and leukaemia. Growing evidence has shown that MSCs have impaired functions in MDS, such as decreased proliferation capacity, differentiation ability, haematopoiesis support, and immunomodulation function and increased inflammatory alterations within the BM through some intracellular pathways such as Notch and Wnt and extracellular modulators abnormally secreted by MSCs, including increased expression of inflammatory factors and decreased expression of haematopoietic factors, contributing to the development and progression of MDSs. Therefore, MSCs can be targeted for the treatment of MDSs and leukaemia. However, it remains unclear what drives MSCs to behave abnormally. In this review, dysregulations in MSCs and their contributions to myeloid haematological malignancies will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilayda Eroz
- Biosciences Department, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK (P.K.K.); (R.A.L.)
| | - Prabneet Kaur Kakkar
- Biosciences Department, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK (P.K.K.); (R.A.L.)
| | - Renal Antoinette Lazar
- Biosciences Department, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK (P.K.K.); (R.A.L.)
| | - Jehan El-Jawhari
- Biosciences Department, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK (P.K.K.); (R.A.L.)
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
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20
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Kompella P, Wang G, Durrett RE, Lai Y, Marin C, Liu Y, Habib SL, DiGiovanni J, Vasquez KM. Obesity increases genomic instability at DNA repeat-mediated endogenous mutation hotspots. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6213. [PMID: 39043652 PMCID: PMC11266421 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50006-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity is associated with increased cancer risk, yet the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Obesity-associated cancers involve disruptions in metabolic and cellular pathways, which can lead to genomic instability. Repetitive DNA sequences capable of adopting alternative DNA structures (e.g., H-DNA) stimulate mutations and are enriched at mutation hotspots in human cancer genomes. However, it is not known if obesity impacts DNA repeat-mediated endogenous mutation hotspots. We address this gap by measuring mutation frequencies in obese and normal-weight transgenic reporter mice carrying either a control human B-DNA- or an H-DNA-forming sequence (from a translocation hotspot in c-MYC in Burkitt lymphoma). Here, we discover that H-DNA-induced DNA damage and mutations are elevated in a tissue-specific manner, and DNA repair efficiency is reduced in obese mice compared to those on the control diet. These findings elucidate the impact of obesity on cancer-associated endogenous mutation hotspots, providing mechanistic insight into the link between obesity and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallavi Kompella
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Dell Pediatric Research Institute, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Guliang Wang
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Dell Pediatric Research Institute, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Russell E Durrett
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Yanhao Lai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Celeste Marin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Yuan Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Samy L Habib
- South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - John DiGiovanni
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Dell Pediatric Research Institute, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Karen M Vasquez
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Dell Pediatric Research Institute, Austin, TX, USA.
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21
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Kang E, Kang C, Lee YS, Lee SJV. Brief guide to senescence assays using cultured mammalian cells. Mol Cells 2024; 47:100102. [PMID: 39053732 DOI: 10.1016/j.mocell.2024.100102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2024] [Revised: 07/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a crucial biological process associated with organismal aging and many chronic diseases. Here, we present a brief guide to mammalian senescence assays, including the measurement of cell cycle arrest, change in cellular morphology, senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) staining, and the expression of senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). This work will be useful for biologists with minimum expertise in cellular senescence assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunseok Kang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Chanhee Kang
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Young-Sam Lee
- Department of New Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu 42988, South Korea
| | - Seung-Jae V Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, South Korea.
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22
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Zhang X, Venkatachalapathy S, Paysan D, Schaerer P, Tripodo C, Uhler C, Shivashankar GV. Unsupervised representation learning of chromatin images identifies changes in cell state and tissue organization in DCIS. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6112. [PMID: 39030176 PMCID: PMC11271523 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50285-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is a pre-invasive tumor that can progress to invasive breast cancer, a leading cause of cancer death. We generate a large-scale tissue microarray dataset of chromatin images, from 560 samples from 122 female patients in 3 disease stages and 11 phenotypic categories. Using representation learning on chromatin images alone, without multiplexed staining or high-throughput sequencing, we identify eight morphological cell states and tissue features marking DCIS. All cell states are observed in all disease stages with different proportions, indicating that cell states enriched in invasive cancer exist in small fractions in normal breast tissue. Tissue-level analysis reveals significant changes in the spatial organization of cell states across disease stages, which is predictive of disease stage and phenotypic category. Taken together, we show that chromatin imaging represents a powerful measure of cell state and disease stage of DCIS, providing a simple and effective tumor biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Zhang
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA
- Eric and Wendy Schmidt Center, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, USA
| | - Saradha Venkatachalapathy
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Switzerland
- Laboratory of Nanoscale Biology, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Paysan
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Switzerland
- Laboratory of Nanoscale Biology, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Paulina Schaerer
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Switzerland
- Laboratory of Nanoscale Biology, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Claudio Tripodo
- Tumor Immunology Unit, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
- IFOM, FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Caroline Uhler
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA.
- Eric and Wendy Schmidt Center, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, USA.
| | - G V Shivashankar
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Switzerland.
- Laboratory of Nanoscale Biology, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland.
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23
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Tak H, Anirudh J, Chattopadhyay A, Naick BH. Argonaute protein assisted drug discovery for miRNA-181c-5p and target gene ATM translation repression: a computational approach. Mol Divers 2024:10.1007/s11030-024-10855-3. [PMID: 39026118 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-024-10855-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
The miRNA binds to AGO's seed region, prompting the exploration of small molecules that can offset miRNA repression of target mRNA. This miRNA-181c-5p was found to be upregulated in the chronic traumatic encephalopathy, a prevalent neurodegenerative disease in contact sports and military personals. The research aimed to identify compounds that disrupt the AGO-assisted loop formation between miRNA-181c-5p and ATM, consequently repressing the translation of ATM. Target genes from commonly three databases (DIANA-microT-CDS, miRDB, RNA22 and TargetScan) were subjected to functional annotation and clustering analysis using DAVID bioinformatics tool. Haddock server were employed to make miRNA-181c-5p:ATM-AGO complex. A total of 2594 small molecules were screened using Glide XP based on their highest binding affinity towards the complex, through a three-phase docking approach. The top 5 compounds (DB00674-Galantamine, DB00371-Meprobamate, DB00694-Daunorubicin, DB00837-Progabide, and DB00851-Dacarbazine) were further analyzed for stability in the miRNA-181c-5p:ATM-AGO-ligand complex interaction using GROMACS (version 2023.2). Hence, these findings suggest that these molecules hold potential for facilitating AGO-assisted repression of ATM gene translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harshita Tak
- Department of Sports Biosciences, School of Sports Science, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, India
| | - Jivanage Anirudh
- Department of Sports Biosciences, School of Sports Science, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, India
| | - Arpan Chattopadhyay
- Department of Sports Biosciences, School of Sports Science, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, India
| | - B Hemanth Naick
- Department of Sports Biosciences, School of Sports Science, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, India.
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24
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Israel JS, Marcelin LM, Thomas C, Szczyrbová E, Fuessel S, Puhr M, Linxweiler J, Yalala S, Zwart WT, Baniahmad A, van Goubergen J, Itkonen HM, Sharp A, O'Neill E, Pretze M, Miederer M, Erb HHH. Emerging frontiers in androgen receptor research for prostate Cancer: insights from the 2nd international androgen receptor Symposium. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2024; 43:194. [PMID: 39014480 PMCID: PMC11253403 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-024-03125-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Continued exploration of the androgen receptor (AR) is crucial, as it plays pivotal roles in diverse diseases such as prostate cancer (PCa), serving as a significant therapeutic focus. Therefore, the Department of Urology Dresden hosted an international meeting for scientists and clinical oncologists to discuss the newest advances in AR research. The 2nd International Androgen Receptor Symposium was held in Dresden, Saxony, Germany, from 26-27.04.2024, organised by Dr. Holger H.H. Erb. Following the format of the first meeting, more than 35 scientists from 8 countries attended the event to discuss recent developments, research challenges, and identification of venues in AR research. An important new feature was the involvement of PhD students and young investigators, acknowledging the high scientific quality of their work. The symposium included three covers: new advances from clinical research, basic and translational research, and novel strategies to target AR. Moreover, based on its increasing clinical relevance, a PSMA theranostic mini-symposium was added at the end of the AR symposium to allow the audience to discuss the newest advances in PSMA theranostic. This report focuses on the highlights and discussions of the meeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justus Simon Israel
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Laura-Maria Marcelin
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Christian Thomas
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Eva Szczyrbová
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Pathology, Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University and University Hospital, Olomouc, 779 00, Czech Republic
| | - Susanne Fuessel
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin Puhr
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Shivani Yalala
- Department of Biochemistry and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Wilbert T Zwart
- Division of Oncogenomics, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Aria Baniahmad
- Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Harri M Itkonen
- Department of Biochemistry and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Adam Sharp
- Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK
| | - Edward O'Neill
- MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Marc Pretze
- Institut für Radiopharmazie, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, D-01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Matthias Miederer
- Department of Translational Imaging in Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT/UCC) Dresden: Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, University of Technology Dresden (TUD), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, and Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
| | - Holger H H Erb
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
- Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany.
- Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus an der Technischen Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany.
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25
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Hong Y, Li X, Li J, He Q, Huang M, Tang Y, Chen X, Chen J, Tang KJ, Wei C. H3K27ac acts as a molecular switch for doxorubicin-induced activation of cardiotoxic genes. Clin Epigenetics 2024; 16:91. [PMID: 39014511 PMCID: PMC11251309 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-024-01709-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Doxorubicin (Dox) is an effective chemotherapeutic drug for various cancers, but its clinical application is limited by severe cardiotoxicity. Dox treatment can transcriptionally activate multiple cardiotoxicity-associated genes in cardiomyocytes, the mechanisms underlying this global gene activation remain poorly understood. METHODS AND RESULTS Herein, we integrated data from animal models, CUT&Tag and RNA-seq after Dox treatment, and discovered that the level of H3K27ac (a histone modification associated with gene activation) significantly increased in cardiomyocytes following Dox treatment. C646, an inhibitor of histone acetyltransferase, reversed Dox-induced H3K27ac accumulation in cardiomyocytes, which subsequently prevented the increase of Dox-induced DNA damage and apoptosis. Furthermore, C646 alleviated cardiac dysfunction in Dox-treated mice by restoring ejection fraction and reversing fractional shortening percentages. Additionally, Dox treatment increased H3K27ac deposition at the promoters of multiple cardiotoxic genes including Bax, Fas and Bnip3, resulting in their up-regulation. Moreover, the deposition of H3K27ac at cardiotoxicity-related genes exhibited a broad feature across the genome. Based on the deposition of H3K27ac and mRNA expression levels, several potential genes that might contribute to Dox-induced cardiotoxicity were predicted. Finally, the up-regulation of H3K27ac-regulated cardiotoxic genes upon Dox treatment is conservative across species. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, Dox-induced epigenetic modification, specifically H3K27ac, acts as a molecular switch for the activation of robust cardiotoxicity-related genes, leading to cardiomyocyte death and cardiac dysfunction. These findings provide new insights into the relationship between Dox-induced cardiotoxicity and epigenetic regulation, and identify H3K27ac as a potential target for the prevention and treatment of Dox-induced cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Hong
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinlan Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiuyi He
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Manbing Huang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yubo Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ke-Jing Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chao Wei
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.74 Zhongshan Rd.2, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
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26
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Cheng L, Rui Y, Wang Y, Chen S, Su J, Yu XF. A glimpse into viral warfare: decoding the intriguing role of highly pathogenic coronavirus proteins in apoptosis regulation. J Biomed Sci 2024; 31:70. [PMID: 39003473 PMCID: PMC11245872 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-024-01062-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Coronaviruses employ various strategies for survival, among which the activation of endogenous or exogenous apoptosis stands out, with viral proteins playing a pivotal role. Notably, highly pathogenic coronaviruses such as SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, and MERS-CoV exhibit a greater array of non-structural proteins compared to low-pathogenic strains, facilitating their ability to induce apoptosis via multiple pathways. Moreover, these viral proteins are adept at dampening host immune responses, thereby bolstering viral replication and persistence. This review delves into the intricate interplay between highly pathogenic coronaviruses and apoptosis, systematically elucidating the molecular mechanisms underpinning apoptosis induction by viral proteins. Furthermore, it explores the potential therapeutic avenues stemming from apoptosis inhibition as antiviral agents and the utilization of apoptosis-inducing viral proteins as therapeutic modalities. These insights not only shed light on viral pathogenesis but also offer novel perspectives for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leyi Cheng
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Yajuan Rui
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Yanpu Wang
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Shiqi Chen
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Jiaming Su
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China.
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China.
| | - Xiao-Fang Yu
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China.
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China.
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Roshan P, Biswas A, Anagnos S, Luebbers R, Harish K, Ahmed S, Li M, Nguyen N, Zhou G, Tedeschi F, Hathuc V, Lin Z, Hamilton Z, Origanti S. Modulation of ribosomal subunit associations by eIF6 is critical for mitotic exit and cancer progression. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.24.600220. [PMID: 38979253 PMCID: PMC11230244 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.24.600220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Moderating the pool of active ribosomal subunits is critical for maintaining global translation rates. A factor crucial for modulating the 60S ribosomal subunits is eukaryotic translation initiation factor 6. Release of eIF6 from 60S is essential to permit 60S interactions with 40S. Here, using the N106S mutant of eIF6, we show that disrupting eIF6 interaction with 60S leads to an increase in vacant 80S. It further highlights a dichotomy in the anti-association activity of eIF6 that is distinct from its role in 60S biogenesis and shows that the nucleolar localization of eIF6 is not dependent on uL14-BCCIP interactions. Limiting active ribosomal pools markedly deregulates translation especially in mitosis and leads to chromosome segregation defects, mitotic exit delays and mitotic catastrophe. Ribo-Seq analysis of the eIF6-N106S mutant shows a significant downregulation in the translation efficiencies of mitotic factors and specifically transcripts with long 3'UTRs. eIF6-N106S mutation also limits cancer invasion, and this role is correlated with the overexpression of eIF6 only in high-grade invasive cancers suggesting that deregulation of eIF6 is probably not an early event in cancers. Thus, this study highlights the segregation of eIF6 functions and its role in moderating 80S availability for mitotic translation and cancer progression.
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Tanga S, Karmakar A, Hota A, Banerjee P, Maji B. Design and synthesis of nucleic acid nano-environment interactome-targeting small molecule PROTACs and their anticancer activity. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:12502-12509. [PMID: 38873939 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr01006j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Targeted protein degradation through PROteolysis TArgeting Chimeras (PROTACs) is a relatively new modality in cellular interventions. The minimum requirement for PROTACs to function is forming a tertiary complex of the protein of interest (POI), E3 ligase, and the molecular glue PROTAC. Here, we propose a new approach to modulate the nano-environment interactome of a non-protein target through a plausible quaternary complex of interactome-biomolecule of interest (BOI)-PROTAC and E3 ligase. We report nucleic acid-targeting PROTAC (NA-TAC) molecules by conjugating DNA-binding and E3 ligase ligands. We demonstrate that NA-TACs can target the G-quadruplex DNA and induce elevated DNA damage and cytotoxicity compared to the conventional G-quadruplex binding ligands. Our new class of NA-TACs lays the foundation for small molecule-based non-protein targeting PROTACs for interactome and nanoenvironment mapping and nucleic acid-targeted precision medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadiya Tanga
- Ashoka University, Department of Chemistry, Rajiv Gandhi Education City, Sonipat, Haryana 131029, India
- Bose Institute, Department of Biological Sciences, EN 80, Sector V, Bidhannagar, Kolkata 700091, West Bengal, India.
| | - Arkadeep Karmakar
- Bose Institute, Department of Biological Sciences, EN 80, Sector V, Bidhannagar, Kolkata 700091, West Bengal, India.
| | - Arpita Hota
- Bose Institute, Department of Biological Sciences, EN 80, Sector V, Bidhannagar, Kolkata 700091, West Bengal, India.
| | - Paramita Banerjee
- S N Bose National Centre for Basic Science, JD Block, Sector 3, Bidhannagar, Kolkata 700106, West Bengal, India
| | - Basudeb Maji
- Bose Institute, Department of Biological Sciences, EN 80, Sector V, Bidhannagar, Kolkata 700091, West Bengal, India.
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Cohen A, Lubenski L, Mouzon A, Kupiec M, Weisman R. TORC2 is required for the accumulation of γH2A in response to DNA damage. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:107531. [PMID: 38971312 PMCID: PMC11321321 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024] Open
Abstract
TOR protein kinases serve as the catalytic subunit of the TORC1 and TORC2 complexes, which regulate cellular growth, proliferation, and survival. In the fission yeast, Schizosaccharomyces pombe, cells lacking TORC2 or its downstream kinase Gad8 (AKT or SGK1 in human cells) exhibit sensitivity to a wide range of stress conditions, including DNA damage stress. One of the first responses to DNA damage is the phosphorylation of C-terminal serine residues within histone H2AX in human cells (γH2AX), or histone H2A in yeast cells (γH2A). The kinases responsible for γH2A in S. pombe are the two DNA damage checkpoint kinases Rad3 and Tel1 (ATR and ATM, respectively, in human cells). Here we report that TORC2-Gad8 signaling is required for accumulation of γH2A in response to DNA damage and during quiescence. Using the TOR-specific inhibitor, Torin1, we demonstrate that the effect of TORC2 on γH2A in response to DNA damage is immediate, rather than adaptive. The lack of γH2A is restored by deletion mutations of transcription and chromatin modification factors, including loss of components of Paf1C, SAGA, Mediator, and the bromo-domain proteins Bdf1/Bdf2. Thus, we suggest that TORC2-Gad8 may affect the accumulation of γH2A by regulating chromatin structure and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adiel Cohen
- Department of Natural Sciences, The Open University of Israel, Ranana, Israel
| | - Lea Lubenski
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine & Cancer Research, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ava Mouzon
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine & Cancer Research, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Martin Kupiec
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine & Cancer Research, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ronit Weisman
- Department of Natural Sciences, The Open University of Israel, Ranana, Israel.
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30
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Velayutham N, Garbern JC, Elwell HLT, Zhuo Z, Rüland L, Elcure Alvarez F, Frontini S, Rodriguez Carreras Y, Eichholtz M, Ricci‐Blair E, Shaw JY, Bouffard AH, Sokol M, Mancheño Juncosa E, Rhoades S, van den Berg D, Kreymerman A, Aoyama J, Höfflin J, Ryan H, Ho Sui S, Lee RT. P53 Activation Promotes Maturational Characteristics of Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes in 3-Dimensional Suspension Culture Via FOXO-FOXM1 Regulation. J Am Heart Assoc 2024; 13:e033155. [PMID: 38934864 PMCID: PMC11255683 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.033155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current protocols generate highly pure human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) in vitro that recapitulate characteristics of mature in vivo cardiomyocytes. Yet, a risk of arrhythmias exists when hiPSC-CMs are injected into large animal models. Thus, understanding hiPSC-CM maturational mechanisms is crucial for clinical translation. Forkhead box (FOX) transcription factors regulate postnatal cardiomyocyte maturation through a balance between FOXO and FOXM1. We also previously demonstrated that p53 activation enhances hiPSC-CM maturation. Here, we investigate whether p53 activation modulates the FOXO/FOXM1 balance to promote hiPSC-CM maturation in 3-dimensional suspension culture. METHODS AND RESULTS Three-dimensional cultures of hiPSC-CMs were treated with Nutlin-3a (p53 activator, 10 μM), LOM612 (FOXO relocator, 5 μM), AS1842856 (FOXO inhibitor, 1 μM), or RCM-1 (FOXM1 inhibitor, 1 μM), starting 2 days after onset of beating, with dimethyl sulfoxide (0.2% vehicle) as control. P53 activation promoted hiPSC-CM metabolic and electrophysiological maturation alongside FOXO upregulation and FOXM1 downregulation, in n=3 to 6 per group for all assays. FOXO inhibition significantly decreased expression of cardiac-specific markers such as TNNT2. In contrast, FOXO activation or FOXM1 inhibition promoted maturational characteristics such as increased contractility, oxygen consumption, and voltage peak maximum upstroke velocity, in n=3 to 6 per group for all assays. Further, by single-cell RNA sequencing of n=2 LOM612-treated cells compared with dimethyl sulfoxide, LOM612-mediated FOXO activation promoted expression of cardiac maturational pathways. CONCLUSIONS We show that p53 activation promotes FOXO and suppresses FOXM1 during 3-dimensional hiPSC-CM maturation. These results expand our understanding of hiPSC-CM maturational mechanisms in a clinically-relevant 3-dimensional culture system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nivedhitha Velayutham
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell InstituteHarvard UniversityCambridgeMAUSA
| | - Jessica C. Garbern
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell InstituteHarvard UniversityCambridgeMAUSA
- Department of CardiologyBoston Children’s HospitalBostonMAUSA
| | - Hannah L. T. Elwell
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell InstituteHarvard UniversityCambridgeMAUSA
| | - Zhu Zhuo
- Bioinformatics Core, Department of BiostatisticsHarvard T.H. Chan School of Public HealthBostonMAUSA
| | - Laura Rüland
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell InstituteHarvard UniversityCambridgeMAUSA
| | - Farid Elcure Alvarez
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell InstituteHarvard UniversityCambridgeMAUSA
| | - Sara Frontini
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell InstituteHarvard UniversityCambridgeMAUSA
| | - Yago Rodriguez Carreras
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell InstituteHarvard UniversityCambridgeMAUSA
| | - Marie Eichholtz
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell InstituteHarvard UniversityCambridgeMAUSA
| | - Elisabeth Ricci‐Blair
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell InstituteHarvard UniversityCambridgeMAUSA
| | - Jeanna Y. Shaw
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell InstituteHarvard UniversityCambridgeMAUSA
| | - Aldric H. Bouffard
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell InstituteHarvard UniversityCambridgeMAUSA
| | - Morgan Sokol
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell InstituteHarvard UniversityCambridgeMAUSA
| | - Estela Mancheño Juncosa
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell InstituteHarvard UniversityCambridgeMAUSA
| | | | - Daphne van den Berg
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell InstituteHarvard UniversityCambridgeMAUSA
| | - Alexander Kreymerman
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell InstituteHarvard UniversityCambridgeMAUSA
| | - Junya Aoyama
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell InstituteHarvard UniversityCambridgeMAUSA
| | | | | | - Shannan Ho Sui
- Bioinformatics Core, Department of BiostatisticsHarvard T.H. Chan School of Public HealthBostonMAUSA
| | - Richard T. Lee
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell InstituteHarvard UniversityCambridgeMAUSA
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of MedicineBrigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
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31
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Hu Y, Mostert D, Orgler C, Andler O, Zischka H, Kazmaier U, Vollmar AM, Braig S, Sieber SA, Zahler S. Thermal Proteome Profiling Reveals Insight to Antiproliferative and Pro-Apoptotic Effects of Lagunamide A in the Modulation of DNA Damage Repair. Chembiochem 2024; 25:e202400024. [PMID: 38716781 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202400024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Lagunamide A is a biologically active natural product with a yet unidentified molecular mode of action. Cellular studies revealed that lagunamide A is a potent inhibitor of cancer cell proliferation, promotes apoptosis and causes mitochondrial dysfunction. To decipher the cellular mechanism responsible for these effects, we utilized thermal protein profiling (TPP) and identified EYA3 as a stabilized protein in cells upon lagunamide A treatment. EYA3, involved in the DNA damage repair process, was functionally investigated via siRNA based knockdown studies and corresponding effects of lagunamide A on DNA repair were confirmed. Furthermore, we showed that lagunamide A sensitized tumor cells to treatment with the drug doxorubicin highlighting a putative therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudong Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Butenandtstr. 5, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Dietrich Mostert
- Center for Functional Protein Assemblies (CPA), Department of Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry II, Technical University of Munich, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Christina Orgler
- Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Butenandtstr. 5, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Oliver Andler
- Organic Chemistry, Saarland University, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Hans Zischka
- Institute of Molecular Toxicology and Pharmacology, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Toxicology and Environmental Hygiene, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Uli Kazmaier
- Organic Chemistry, Saarland University, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Angelika M Vollmar
- Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Butenandtstr. 5, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Simone Braig
- Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Butenandtstr. 5, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Stephan A Sieber
- Center for Functional Protein Assemblies (CPA), Department of Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry II, Technical University of Munich, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Stefan Zahler
- Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Butenandtstr. 5, 81377, Munich, Germany
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32
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Lim LQJ, Adler L, Hajaj E, Soria LR, Perry RBT, Darzi N, Brody R, Furth N, Lichtenstein M, Bab-Dinitz E, Porat Z, Melman T, Brandis A, Malitsky S, Itkin M, Aylon Y, Ben-Dor S, Orr I, Pri-Or A, Seger R, Shaul Y, Ruppin E, Oren M, Perez M, Meier J, Brunetti-Pierri N, Shema E, Ulitsky I, Erez A. ASS1 metabolically contributes to the nuclear and cytosolic p53-mediated DNA damage response. Nat Metab 2024; 6:1294-1309. [PMID: 38858597 PMCID: PMC11272581 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-024-01060-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Downregulation of the urea cycle enzyme argininosuccinate synthase (ASS1) in multiple tumors is associated with a poor prognosis partly because of the metabolic diversion of cytosolic aspartate for pyrimidine synthesis, supporting proliferation and mutagenesis owing to nucleotide imbalance. Here, we find that prolonged loss of ASS1 promotes DNA damage in colon cancer cells and fibroblasts from subjects with citrullinemia type I. Following acute induction of DNA damage with doxorubicin, ASS1 expression is elevated in the cytosol and the nucleus with at least a partial dependency on p53; ASS1 metabolically restrains cell cycle progression in the cytosol by restricting nucleotide synthesis. In the nucleus, ASS1 and ASL generate fumarate for the succination of SMARCC1, destabilizing the chromatin-remodeling complex SMARCC1-SNF5 to decrease gene transcription, specifically in a subset of the p53-regulated cell cycle genes. Thus, following DNA damage, ASS1 is part of the p53 network that pauses cell cycle progression, enabling genome maintenance and survival. Loss of ASS1 contributes to DNA damage and promotes cell cycle progression, likely contributing to cancer mutagenesis and, hence, adaptability potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisha Qiu Jin Lim
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Lital Adler
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Emma Hajaj
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Medicine D, Beilinson Hospital, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Leandro R Soria
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Rotem Ben-Tov Perry
- Department of Immunology and Regenerative Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Naama Darzi
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Ruchama Brody
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Noa Furth
- Department of Immunology and Regenerative Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Michal Lichtenstein
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Elizabeta Bab-Dinitz
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Ziv Porat
- Department of Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Tevie Melman
- Department of Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Alexander Brandis
- Department of Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Sergey Malitsky
- Department of Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Maxim Itkin
- Department of Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Yael Aylon
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Shifra Ben-Dor
- Department of Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Irit Orr
- Department of Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Amir Pri-Or
- The De Botton Protein Profiling Institute of the Nancy and Stephen Grand Israel National Center for Personalized Medicine, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Rony Seger
- Department of Immunology and Regenerative Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Yoav Shaul
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Eytan Ruppin
- Cancer Data Science Lab, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Moshe Oren
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Minervo Perez
- Cancer Data Science Lab, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jordan Meier
- Cancer Data Science Lab, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Nicola Brunetti-Pierri
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Pozzuoli, Italy
- Department of Translational Medicine, Medical Genetics, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Scuola Superiore Meridionale (SSM, School of Advanced Studies), Genomics and Experimental Medicine Program, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Efrat Shema
- Department of Immunology and Regenerative Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Igor Ulitsky
- Department of Immunology and Regenerative Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Ayelet Erez
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
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Gomes AR, Tavares-da-Silva EJ, Costa SC, Varela CL, Abrantes AM, Gonçalves AC, Alves R, Botelho MF, Roleira FMF, Pires AS. Steroidal epoxides as anticancer agents in lung, prostate and breast cancers: The case of 1,2-epoxysteroids. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 225:116266. [PMID: 38710333 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Cancer continues to be a serious threat to human health worldwide. Lung, prostate and triple-negative breast cancers are amongst the most incident and deadliest cancers. Steroidal compounds are one of the most diversified therapeutic classes of compounds and they were proven to be efficient against several types of cancer. The epoxide function has been frequently associated with anticancer activity, particularly the 1,2-epoxide function. For this reason, three 1,2-epoxysteroid derivatives previously synthesised (EP1, EP2 and EP3) and one synthesised for the first time (oxysteride) were evaluated against H1299 (lung), PC3 (prostate) and HCC1806 (triple-negative breast) cancer cell lines. A human non-tumour cell line, MRC-5 (normal lung cell line) was also used. EP2 was the most active compound in all cell lines with IC50 values of 2.50, 3.67 and 1.95 µM, followed by EP3 with IC50 values of 12.65, 15.10 and 14.16 µM in H1299, PC3 and HCC1806 cells, respectively. Additional studies demonstrated that EP2 and EP3 induced cell death by apoptosis at lower doses and apoptosis/necrosis at higher doses, proving that their effects were dose-dependent. Both compounds also exerted their cytotoxicity by ROS production and by inducing double-strand breaks. Furthermore, EP2 and EP3 proved to be much less toxic against a normal lung cell line, MRC5, indicating that both compounds might be selective, and they also demonstrated suitable in silico ADME and toxicity parameters. Finally, none of the compounds induced haemoglobin release. Altogether, these results point out the extreme relevance of both compounds, especially EP2, in the potential treatment of these types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana R Gomes
- Univ Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) area of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Biophysics Institute of Faculty of Medicine, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Pólo III - Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Coimbra, Portugal; Univ Coimbra, CERES, Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Pólo III - Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Coimbra, Portugal; Univ Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Elisiário J Tavares-da-Silva
- Univ Coimbra, CERES, Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Pólo III - Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Saúl C Costa
- Univ Coimbra, Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Pólo III - Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Carla L Varela
- Univ Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), Coimbra, Portugal; Univ Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Pólo III - Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Coimbra, Portugal; Univ Coimbra, CERES, Department of Chemical Engineering, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana M Abrantes
- Univ Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) area of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Biophysics Institute of Faculty of Medicine, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Pólo III - Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Coimbra, Portugal; Univ Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), Coimbra, Portugal; Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Praceta Professor Mota Pinto, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana C Gonçalves
- Univ Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), Coimbra, Portugal; Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Praceta Professor Mota Pinto, Coimbra, Portugal; Univ Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) area of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Laboratory of Oncobiology and Hematology and University Clinics of Hematology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Portugal
| | - Raquel Alves
- Univ Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), Coimbra, Portugal; Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Praceta Professor Mota Pinto, Coimbra, Portugal; Univ Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) area of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Laboratory of Oncobiology and Hematology and University Clinics of Hematology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Portugal
| | - Maria F Botelho
- Univ Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) area of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Biophysics Institute of Faculty of Medicine, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Pólo III - Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Coimbra, Portugal; Univ Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), Coimbra, Portugal; Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Praceta Professor Mota Pinto, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Fernanda M F Roleira
- Univ Coimbra, CERES, Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Pólo III - Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana S Pires
- Univ Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) area of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Biophysics Institute of Faculty of Medicine, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Pólo III - Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Coimbra, Portugal; Univ Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), Coimbra, Portugal; Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Praceta Professor Mota Pinto, Coimbra, Portugal.
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34
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Salvatierra-Fréchou DM, Verstraeten SV. Tl(I) and Tl(III)-induce genotoxicity, reticulum stress and autophagy in PC12 Adh cells. Arch Toxicol 2024; 98:2085-2100. [PMID: 38619592 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-024-03752-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Thallium (Tl) and its two cationic species, Tl(I) and Tl(III), are toxic for most living beings. In this work, we investigated the effects of Tl (10-100 µM) on the viability and proliferation capacity of the adherent variant of PC12 cells (PC12 Adh cells). While both Tl(I) and Tl(III) halted cell proliferation from 24 h of incubation, their viability was ~ 90% even after 72 h of treatment. At 24 h, increased levels of γH2AX indicated the presence of DNA double-strand breaks. Simultaneously, increased expression of p53 and its phosphorylation at Ser15 were observed, which were associated with decreased levels of p-AKTSer473 and p-mTORSer2448. At 72 h, the presence of large cytoplasmic vacuoles together with increased autophagy predictor values suggested that Tl may induce autophagy in these cells. This hypothesis was corroborated by images obtained by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and from the decreased expression at 72 h of incubation of SQSTM-1 and increased LC3β-II to LC3β-I ratio. TEM images also showed enlarged ER that, together with the increased expression of IRE1-α from 48 h of incubation, indicated that Tl-induced ER stress preceded autophagy. The inhibition of autophagy flux with chloroquine increased cell mortality, suggesting that autophagy played a cytoprotective role in Tl toxicity in these cells. Together, results indicate that Tl(I) or Tl(III) are genotoxic to PC12 Adh cells which respond to the cations inducing ER stress and cytoprotective autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damiana M Salvatierra-Fréchou
- Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas (IQUIFIB), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junín 956, C1113AAD, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sandra V Verstraeten
- Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas (IQUIFIB), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junín 956, C1113AAD, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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35
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Sajeeda A, Rashid H, Malik TA, Sharma RR, Bhat AM, Kumar A, Naikoo SH, Sheikh TA. Seabuckthorn pulp extract alleviates UV-B-induced skin photo-damage by significantly reducing oxidative stress-mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress and DNA Damage in human primary skin fibroblasts and Balb/c mice skin. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:46979-46993. [PMID: 38985420 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-34219-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Skin homeostasis is predominantly compromised by exposure to UV-B irradiation, leading to several physiopathological processes at cellular and tissue levels that deteriorate skin function and integrity. The current study investigated the photo-protective role of seabuckthorn fruit pulp (SBT) extract against UV-B-induced damage in primary human skin fibroblasts (HDFs) and Balb/C mice skin. We subjected HDFs and Balb/C mice to UV-B irradiation and measured multiple cellular damage indicators. We found that UV-B-irradiated HDFs treated with SBT had a considerably greater survival rate than cells exposed to UV-B radiation alone. The UV-B irradiation-induced ROS generation led to the degradation of the extracellular matrix, inflammation, DNA damage, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and apoptosis. SBT treatment significantly reduced these manifestations. Topical application of SBT alleviated UV-B-induced epidermal thickening, leukocyte infiltration, and degradation of extracellular matrix in Balb/c mice skin. Based on our results, we conclude that SBT has the potential to be developed as a therapeutic/cosmetic remedy for the prevention of skin photo-damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archoo Sajeeda
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Uttar Pradesh-201 002, Ghaziabad, India
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu Tawi, Jammu, Kashmir, India
| | - Haroon Rashid
- Sher-E-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences (SKIMS), Soura, Sringar-190011, Jammu, Kashmir, India
| | - Tanveer Ahmad Malik
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Uttar Pradesh-201 002, Ghaziabad, India
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu Tawi, Jammu, Kashmir, India
| | - Raghu Rai Sharma
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Uttar Pradesh-201 002, Ghaziabad, India
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu Tawi, Jammu, Kashmir, India
| | - Aalim Maqsood Bhat
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Uttar Pradesh-201 002, Ghaziabad, India
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu Tawi, Jammu, Kashmir, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu Tawi, Jammu, Kashmir, India
| | - Shahid Hussain Naikoo
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Uttar Pradesh-201 002, Ghaziabad, India
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu Tawi, Jammu, Kashmir, India
| | - Tasduq Abdullah Sheikh
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Uttar Pradesh-201 002, Ghaziabad, India.
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu Tawi, Jammu, Kashmir, India.
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36
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Orobeti S, Sima LE, Porosnicu I, Diplasu C, Giubega G, Cojocaru G, Ungureanu R, Dobrea C, Serbanescu M, Mihalcea A, Stancu E, Staicu CE, Jipa F, Bran A, Axente E, Sandel S, Zamfirescu M, Tiseanu I, Sima F. First in vitro cell co-culture experiments using laser-induced high-energy electron FLASH irradiation for the development of anti-cancer therapeutic strategies. Sci Rep 2024; 14:14866. [PMID: 38937505 PMCID: PMC11211417 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-65137-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Radiation delivery at ultrahigh dose rates (UHDRs) has potential for use as a new anticancer therapeutic strategy. The FLASH effect induced by UHDR irradiation has been shown to maintain antitumour efficacy with a reduction in normal tissue toxicity; however, the FLASH effect has been difficult to demonstrate in vitro. The objective to demonstrate the FLASH effect in vitro is challenging, aiming to reveal a differential response between cancer and normal cells to further identify cell molecular mechanisms. New high-intensity petawatt laser-driven accelerators can deliver very high-energy electrons (VHEEs) at dose rates as high as 1013 Gy/s in very short pulses (10-13 s). Here, we present the first in vitro experiments carried out on cancer cells and normal non-transformed cells concurrently exposed to laser-plasma accelerated (LPA) electrons. Specifically, melanoma cancer cells and normal melanocyte co-cultures grown on chamber slides were simultaneously irradiated with LPA electrons. A non-uniform dose distribution on the cell cultures was revealed by Gafchromic films placed behind the chamber slide supporting the cells. In parallel experiments, cell co-cultures were exposed to pulsed X-ray irradiation, which served as positive controls for radiation-induced nuclear DNA double-strand breaks. By measuring the impact on discrete areas of the cell monolayers, the greatest proportion of the damaged DNA-containing nuclei was attained by the LPA electrons at a cumulative dose one order of magnitude lower than the dose obtained by pulsed X-ray irradiation. Interestingly, in certain discrete areas, we observed that LPA electron exposure had a different effect on the DNA damage in healthy normal human epidermal melanocyte (NHEM) cells than in A375 melanoma cells; here, the normal cells were less affected by the LPA exposure than cancer cells. This result is the first in vitro demonstration of a differential response of tumour and normal cells exposed to FLASH irradiation and may contribute to the development of new cell culture strategies to explore fundamental understanding of FLASH-induced cell effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefana Orobeti
- National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics (INFLPR), 409 Atomistilor Street, RO-077125, Magurele, Romania
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry of the Romanian Academy, 296 Splaiul Independentei, 060031, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Livia Elena Sima
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry of the Romanian Academy, 296 Splaiul Independentei, 060031, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ioana Porosnicu
- National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics (INFLPR), 409 Atomistilor Street, RO-077125, Magurele, Romania
| | - Constantin Diplasu
- National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics (INFLPR), 409 Atomistilor Street, RO-077125, Magurele, Romania
| | - Georgiana Giubega
- National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics (INFLPR), 409 Atomistilor Street, RO-077125, Magurele, Romania
| | - Gabriel Cojocaru
- National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics (INFLPR), 409 Atomistilor Street, RO-077125, Magurele, Romania
| | - Razvan Ungureanu
- National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics (INFLPR), 409 Atomistilor Street, RO-077125, Magurele, Romania
| | - Cosmin Dobrea
- National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics (INFLPR), 409 Atomistilor Street, RO-077125, Magurele, Romania
| | - Mihai Serbanescu
- National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics (INFLPR), 409 Atomistilor Street, RO-077125, Magurele, Romania
| | - Alexandru Mihalcea
- National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics (INFLPR), 409 Atomistilor Street, RO-077125, Magurele, Romania
| | - Elena Stancu
- National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics (INFLPR), 409 Atomistilor Street, RO-077125, Magurele, Romania
| | - Cristina Elena Staicu
- National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics (INFLPR), 409 Atomistilor Street, RO-077125, Magurele, Romania
| | - Florin Jipa
- National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics (INFLPR), 409 Atomistilor Street, RO-077125, Magurele, Romania
| | - Alexandra Bran
- National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics (INFLPR), 409 Atomistilor Street, RO-077125, Magurele, Romania
| | - Emanuel Axente
- National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics (INFLPR), 409 Atomistilor Street, RO-077125, Magurele, Romania
| | - Simion Sandel
- National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics (INFLPR), 409 Atomistilor Street, RO-077125, Magurele, Romania
| | - Marian Zamfirescu
- National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics (INFLPR), 409 Atomistilor Street, RO-077125, Magurele, Romania
| | - Ion Tiseanu
- National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics (INFLPR), 409 Atomistilor Street, RO-077125, Magurele, Romania
| | - Felix Sima
- National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics (INFLPR), 409 Atomistilor Street, RO-077125, Magurele, Romania.
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Jansen SA, Cutilli A, de Koning C, van Hoesel M, Frederiks CL, Saiz Sierra L, Nierkens S, Mokry M, Nieuwenhuis EE, Hanash AM, Mocholi E, Coffer PJ, Lindemans CA. Chemotherapy-induced intestinal epithelial damage directly promotes galectin-9-driven modulation of T cell behavior. iScience 2024; 27:110072. [PMID: 38883813 PMCID: PMC11176658 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The intestine is vulnerable to chemotherapy-induced damage due to the high rate of intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) proliferation. We have developed a human intestinal organoid-based 3D model system to study the direct effect of chemotherapy-induced IEC damage on T cell behavior. Exposure of intestinal organoids to busulfan, fludarabine, and clofarabine induced damage-related responses affecting both the capacity to regenerate and transcriptional reprogramming. In ex vivo co-culture assays, prior intestinal organoid damage resulted in increased T cell activation, proliferation, and migration. We identified galectin-9 (Gal-9) as a key molecule released by damaged organoids. The use of anti-Gal-9 blocking antibodies or CRISPR/Cas9-mediated Gal-9 knock-out prevented intestinal organoid damage-induced T cell proliferation, interferon-gamma release, and migration. Increased levels of Gal-9 were found early after HSCT chemotherapeutic conditioning in the plasma of patients who later developed acute GVHD. Taken together, chemotherapy-induced intestinal damage can influence T cell behavior in a Gal-9-dependent manner which may provide novel strategies for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suze A. Jansen
- Division of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3584GX, the Netherlands
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht 3584CS, the Netherlands
- Regenerative Medicine Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3584CT, the Netherlands
| | - Alessandro Cutilli
- Regenerative Medicine Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3584CT, the Netherlands
- Center of Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3584CG, the Netherlands
| | - Coco de Koning
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht 3584CS, the Netherlands
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584GX Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Marliek van Hoesel
- Division of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3584GX, the Netherlands
- Regenerative Medicine Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3584CT, the Netherlands
| | - Cynthia L. Frederiks
- Regenerative Medicine Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3584CT, the Netherlands
- Center of Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3584CG, the Netherlands
| | - Leire Saiz Sierra
- Division of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3584GX, the Netherlands
- Regenerative Medicine Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3584CT, the Netherlands
| | - Stefan Nierkens
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht 3584CS, the Netherlands
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584GX Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Michal Mokry
- Division of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3584GX, the Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3584GX, the Netherlands
| | - Edward E.S. Nieuwenhuis
- Division of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3584GX, the Netherlands
- Regenerative Medicine Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3584CT, the Netherlands
- University College Roosevelt, Utrecht University, Middelburg 4331CB, the Netherlands
| | - Alan M. Hanash
- Departments of Medicine and Human Oncology & Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Enric Mocholi
- Regenerative Medicine Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3584CT, the Netherlands
- Center of Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3584CG, the Netherlands
| | - Paul J. Coffer
- Division of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3584GX, the Netherlands
- Regenerative Medicine Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3584CT, the Netherlands
- Center of Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3584CG, the Netherlands
| | - Caroline A. Lindemans
- Division of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3584GX, the Netherlands
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht 3584CS, the Netherlands
- Regenerative Medicine Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3584CT, the Netherlands
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38
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Zhang H, Xing C, Yan B, Lei H, Guan Y, Zhang S, Kang Y, Pang J. Paclitaxel Overload Supramolecular Oxidative Stress Nanoamplifier with a CDK12 Inhibitor for Enhanced Cancer Therapy. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:3685-3702. [PMID: 38779908 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.4c00260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Combination therapy has emerged as a promising approach for treating tumors, although there is room for improvement. This study introduced a novel strategy that combined the enhancement of apoptosis, ferroptosis, and DNA damage to improve therapeutic outcomes for prostate cancer. Specifically, we have developed a supramolecular oxidative stress nanoamplifier, which was comprised of β-cyclodextrin, paclitaxel, and ferrocene-poly(ethylene glycol). Paclitaxel within the system disrupted microtubule dynamics, inducing G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis. Concurrently, ferrocene utilized hydrogen peroxide to generate toxic hydroxyl radicals in cells through the Fenton reaction, triggering a cascade of reactive oxygen species expansion, reduction of glutathione levels, lipid peroxidation, and ferroptosis. The increased number of hydroxyl radicals and the inhibitory effect of THZ531 on DNA repair mechanisms exacerbated DNA damage within tumor cells. As expected, the supramolecular nanoparticles demonstrated excellent drug delivery ability to tumor cells or tissues, exhibited favorable biological safety in vivo, and enhanced the killing effect on prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Department of Urology, Kidney and Urology Center, Pelvic Floor Disorders Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, P. R. China
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, P. R. China
| | - Chengyuan Xing
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, P. R. China
| | - Binyuan Yan
- Department of Urology, Kidney and Urology Center, Pelvic Floor Disorders Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, P. R. China
| | - Hanqi Lei
- Department of Urology, Kidney and Urology Center, Pelvic Floor Disorders Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, P. R. China
| | - Yupeng Guan
- Department of Urology, Kidney and Urology Center, Pelvic Floor Disorders Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, P. R. China
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, P. R. China
| | - Shiqiang Zhang
- Department of Urology, Kidney and Urology Center, Pelvic Floor Disorders Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, P. R. China
| | - Yang Kang
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, P. R. China
| | - Jun Pang
- Department of Urology, Kidney and Urology Center, Pelvic Floor Disorders Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, P. R. China
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39
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Paul SK, Oshima M, Patil A, Sone M, Kato H, Maezawa Y, Kaneko H, Fukuyo M, Rahmutulla B, Ouchi Y, Tsujimura K, Nakanishi M, Kaneda A, Iwama A, Yokote K, Eto K, Takayama N. Retrotransposons in Werner syndrome-derived macrophages trigger type I interferon-dependent inflammation in an atherosclerosis model. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4772. [PMID: 38858384 PMCID: PMC11164933 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48663-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The underlying mechanisms of atherosclerosis, the second leading cause of death among Werner syndrome (WS) patients, are not fully understood. Here, we establish an in vitro co-culture system using macrophages (iMφs), vascular endothelial cells (iVECs), and vascular smooth muscle cells (iVSMCs) derived from induced pluripotent stem cells. In co-culture, WS-iMφs induces endothelial dysfunction in WS-iVECs and characteristics of the synthetic phenotype in WS-iVSMCs. Transcriptomics and open chromatin analysis reveal accelerated activation of type I interferon signaling and reduced chromatin accessibility of several transcriptional binding sites required for cellular homeostasis in WS-iMφs. Furthermore, the H3K9me3 levels show an inverse correlation with retrotransposable elements, and retrotransposable element-derived double-stranded RNA activates the DExH-box helicase 58 (DHX58)-dependent cytoplasmic RNA sensing pathway in WS-iMφs. Conversely, silencing type I interferon signaling in WS-iMφs rescues cell proliferation and suppresses cellular senescence and inflammation. These findings suggest that Mφ-specific inhibition of type I interferon signaling could be targeted to treat atherosclerosis in WS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudip Kumar Paul
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Motohiko Oshima
- Division of Stem Cell and Molecular Medicine, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Masamitsu Sone
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
- Hibernation Metabolism, Physiology and Development Group, Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hisaya Kato
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yoshiro Maezawa
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiyori Kaneko
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masaki Fukuyo
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Bahityar Rahmutulla
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yasuo Ouchi
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kyoko Tsujimura
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | | | - Atsushi Kaneda
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Atsushi Iwama
- Division of Stem Cell and Molecular Medicine, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koutaro Yokote
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
| | - Koji Eto
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
- Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Naoya Takayama
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
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Chung HY, Lee GS, Nam SH, Lee JH, Han JP, Song S, Kim GD, Jung C, Hyeon DY, Hwang D, Choi BO, Yeom SC. Morc2a variants cause hydroxyl radical-mediated neuropathy and are rescued by restoring GHKL ATPase. Brain 2024; 147:2114-2127. [PMID: 38227798 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awae017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the Microrchidia CW-type zinc finger 2 (MORC2) GHKL ATPase module cause a broad range of neuropathies, such as Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2Z; however, the aetiology and therapeutic strategy are not fully understood. Previously, we reported that the Morc2a p.S87L mouse model exhibited neuropathy and muscular dysfunction through DNA damage accumulation. In the present study, we analysed the gene expression of Morc2a p.S87L mice and designated the primary causing factor. We investigated the pathological pathway using Morc2a p.S87L mouse embryonic fibroblasts and human fibroblasts harbouring MORC2 p.R252W. We subsequently assessed the therapeutic effect of gene therapy administered to Morc2a p.S87L mice. This study revealed that Morc2a p.S87L causes a protein synthesis defect, resulting in the loss of function of Morc2a and high cellular apoptosis induced by high hydroxyl radical levels. We considered the Morc2a GHKL ATPase domain as a therapeutic target because it simultaneously complements hydroxyl radical scavenging and ATPase activity. We used the adeno-associated virus (AAV)-PHP.eB serotype, which has a high CNS transduction efficiency, to express Morc2a or Morc2a GHKL ATPase domain protein in vivo. Notably, AAV gene therapy ameliorated neuropathy and muscular dysfunction with a single treatment. Loss-of-function characteristics due to protein synthesis defects in Morc2a p.S87L were also noted in human MORC2 p.S87L or p.R252W variants, indicating the correlation between mouse and human pathogenesis. In summary, CMT2Z is known as an incurable genetic disorder, but the present study demonstrated its mechanisms and treatments based on established animal models. This study demonstrates that the Morc2a p.S87L variant causes hydroxyl radical-mediated neuropathy, which can be rescued through AAV-based gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Yoon Chung
- Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology and Institute of Green-Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Kangwon 25354, Korea
| | - Geon Seong Lee
- Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology and Institute of Green-Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Kangwon 25354, Korea
| | - Soo Hyun Nam
- Samsung Medical Center, Cell & Gene Therapy Institute, Seoul 06351, Korea
| | - Jeong Hyeon Lee
- Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology and Institute of Green-Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Kangwon 25354, Korea
| | - Jeong Pil Han
- Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology and Institute of Green-Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Kangwon 25354, Korea
| | - Sumin Song
- Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology and Institute of Green-Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Kangwon 25354, Korea
| | - Gap-Don Kim
- Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology and Institute of Green-Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Kangwon 25354, Korea
| | - Choonkyun Jung
- Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology and Institute of Green-Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Kangwon 25354, Korea
| | - Do Young Hyeon
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Daehee Hwang
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Bioinformatics Institute, Bio-MAX, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Ok Choi
- Samsung Medical Center, Cell & Gene Therapy Institute, Seoul 06351, Korea
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology, Seoul 06351, Korea
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Korea
| | - Su Cheong Yeom
- Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology and Institute of Green-Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Kangwon 25354, Korea
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, WCU Biomodulation Major, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
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41
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Prabhu KS, Kuttikrishnan S, Ahmad N, Habeeba U, Mariyam Z, Suleman M, Bhat AA, Uddin S. H2AX: A key player in DNA damage response and a promising target for cancer therapy. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 175:116663. [PMID: 38688170 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer is caused by a complex interaction of factors that interrupt the normal growth and division of cells. At the center of this process is the intricate relationship between DNA damage and the cellular mechanisms responsible for maintaining genomic stability. When DNA damage is not repaired, it can cause genetic mutations that contribute to the initiation and progression of cancer. On the other hand, the DNA damage response system, which involves the phosphorylation of the histone variant H2AX (γH2AX), is crucial in preserving genomic integrity by signaling and facilitating the repair of DNA double-strand breaks. This review provides an explanation of the molecular dynamics of H2AX in the context of DNA damage response. It emphasizes the crucial role of H2AX in recruiting and localizing repair machinery at sites of chromatin damage. The review explains how H2AX phosphorylation, facilitated by the master kinases ATM and ATR, acts as a signal for DNA damage, triggering downstream pathways that govern cell cycle checkpoints, apoptosis, and the cellular fate decision between repair and cell death. The phosphorylation of H2AX is a critical regulatory point, ensuring cell survival by promoting repair or steering cells towards apoptosis in cases of catastrophic genomic damage. Moreover, we explore the therapeutic potential of targeting H2AX in cancer treatment, leveraging its dual function as a biomarker of DNA integrity and a therapeutic target. By delineating the pathways that lead to H2AX phosphorylation and its roles in apoptosis and cell cycle control, we highlight the significance of H2AX as both a prognostic tool and a focal point for therapeutic intervention, offering insights into its utility in enhancing the efficacy of cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirti S Prabhu
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar.
| | - Shilpa Kuttikrishnan
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar
| | - Nuha Ahmad
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar
| | - Ummu Habeeba
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar
| | - Zahwa Mariyam
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar
| | - Muhammad Suleman
- Laboratory of Animal Research Center, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Ajaz A Bhat
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity and Cancer Program, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Shahab Uddin
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar; Laboratory of Animal Research Center, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar; Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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42
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Zhang X, Guo J, Shi X, Zhou X, Chen Q. LUC7L3 is a downstream factor of SRSF1 and prevents genomic instability. CELL INSIGHT 2024; 3:100170. [PMID: 38590928 PMCID: PMC10999515 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellin.2024.100170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
The RNA-binding protein LUC7L3 is the human homolog of yeast U1 small nuclear RNA (snRNA)-related splicing factor Luc7p. While the primary function of LUC7L3 as an RNA-binding protein is believed to be involved in RNA metabolism, particularly in the splicing process, its exact role and other functions are still not fully understood. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the role of LUC7L3 and its impact on cell proliferation. Our study revealed that LUC7L3 depletion impairs cell proliferation compared to the other Luc7p paralogs, resulting in cell apoptosis and senescence. We explored the underlying mechanisms and found that LUC7L3 depletion leads to R-loop accumulation, DNA replication stress, and genome instability. Furthermore, we discovered that LUC7L3 depletion caused abnormalities in spindle assembly, leading to the formation of multinuclear cells. This was attributed to the dysregulation of protein translation of spindle-associated proteins. Additionally, we investigated the interplay between LUC7L3 and SRSF1 and identified SRSF1 as an upper stream regulator of LUC7L3, promoting the translation of LUC7L3 protein. These findings highlight the importance of LUC7L3 in maintaining genome stability and its relationship with SRSF1 in this regulatory pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaqing Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Medical Research Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Jing Guo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Medical Research Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Xin Shi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Medical Research Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Medical Research Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Qiang Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Medical Research Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Clinical Medical Research Center of Peritoneal Cancer of Wuhan, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Hubei Province Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
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43
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Castilho RM, Castilho LS, Palomares BH, Squarize CH. Determinants of Chromatin Organization in Aging and Cancer-Emerging Opportunities for Epigenetic Therapies and AI Technology. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:710. [PMID: 38927646 PMCID: PMC11202709 DOI: 10.3390/genes15060710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This review article critically examines the pivotal role of chromatin organization in gene regulation, cellular differentiation, disease progression and aging. It explores the dynamic between the euchromatin and heterochromatin, coded by a complex array of histone modifications that orchestrate essential cellular processes. We discuss the pathological impacts of chromatin state misregulation, particularly in cancer and accelerated aging conditions such as progeroid syndromes, and highlight the innovative role of epigenetic therapies and artificial intelligence (AI) in comprehending and harnessing the histone code toward personalized medicine. In the context of aging, this review explores the use of AI and advanced machine learning (ML) algorithms to parse vast biological datasets, leading to the development of predictive models for epigenetic modifications and providing a framework for understanding complex regulatory mechanisms, such as those governing cell identity genes. It supports innovative platforms like CEFCIG for high-accuracy predictions and tools like GridGO for tailored ChIP-Seq analysis, which are vital for deciphering the epigenetic landscape. The review also casts a vision on the prospects of AI and ML in oncology, particularly in the personalization of cancer therapy, including early diagnostics and treatment optimization for diseases like head and neck and colorectal cancers by harnessing computational methods, AI advancements and integrated clinical data for a transformative impact on healthcare outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rogerio M. Castilho
- Laboratory of Epithelial Biology, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1078, USA; (L.S.C.); (C.H.S.)
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1078, USA
| | - Leonard S. Castilho
- Laboratory of Epithelial Biology, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1078, USA; (L.S.C.); (C.H.S.)
| | - Bruna H. Palomares
- Oral Diagnosis Department, Piracicaba School of Dentistry, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba 13414-903, Sao Paulo, Brazil;
| | - Cristiane H. Squarize
- Laboratory of Epithelial Biology, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1078, USA; (L.S.C.); (C.H.S.)
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1078, USA
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Feng Y, Huang Z, Ma X, Zong X, Tesic V, Ding B, Wu CYC, Lee RHC, Zhang Q. Photobiomodulation Inhibits Ischemia-Induced Brain Endothelial Senescence via Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:633. [PMID: 38929072 PMCID: PMC11200452 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13060633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent research suggests that photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) positively impacts the vascular function associated with various cerebrovascular diseases. Nevertheless, the specific mechanisms by which PBMT improves vascular function remain ambiguous. Since endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) is crucial in regulating vascular function following cerebral ischemia, we investigated whether eNOS is a key element controlling cerebrovascular function and the senescence of vascular endothelial cells following PBMT treatment. Both rat photothrombotic (PT) stroke and in vitro oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD)-induced vascular endothelial injury models were utilized. We demonstrated that treatment with PBMT (808 nm, 350 mW/cm2, 2 min/day) for 7 days significantly reduced PT-stroke-induced vascular permeability. Additionally, PBMT inhibited the levels of endothelial senescence markers (senescence green and p21) and antiangiogenic factor (endostatin), while increasing the phospho-eNOS (Ser1177) in the peri-infarct region following PT stroke. In vitro study further indicated that OGD increased p21, endostatin, and DNA damage (γH2AX) levels in the brain endothelial cell line, but they were reversed by PBMT. Intriguingly, the beneficial effects of PBMT were attenuated by a NOS inhibitor. In summary, these findings provide novel insights into the role of eNOS in PBMT-mediated protection against cerebrovascular senescence and endothelial dysfunction following ischemia. The use of PBMT as a therapeutic is a promising strategy to improve endothelial function in cerebrovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Feng
- Institute for Cerebrovascular and Neuroregeneration Research, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
| | - Zhihai Huang
- Institute for Cerebrovascular and Neuroregeneration Research, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
| | - Xiaohui Ma
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
| | - Xuemei Zong
- Institute for Cerebrovascular and Neuroregeneration Research, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
| | - Vesna Tesic
- Institute for Cerebrovascular and Neuroregeneration Research, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
| | - Baojin Ding
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
| | - Celeste Yin-Chieh Wu
- Institute for Cerebrovascular and Neuroregeneration Research, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
| | - Reggie Hui-Chao Lee
- Institute for Cerebrovascular and Neuroregeneration Research, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
| | - Quanguang Zhang
- Institute for Cerebrovascular and Neuroregeneration Research, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
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Nojima H, Kaida A, Matsuya Y, Uo M, Yoshimura RI, Arazi L, Miura M. DNA damage response in a 2D-culture model by diffusing alpha-emitters radiation therapy (Alpha-DaRT). Sci Rep 2024; 14:11468. [PMID: 38769339 PMCID: PMC11106084 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62071-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Diffusing alpha-emitters radiation therapy (Alpha-DaRT) is a unique method, in which interstitial sources carrying 224Ra release a chain of short-lived daughter atoms from their surface. Although DNA damage response (DDR) is crucial to inducing cell death after irradiation, how the DDR occurs during Alpha-DaRT treatment has not yet been explored. In this study, we temporo-spatially characterized DDR such as kinetics of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) and cell cycle, in two-dimensional (2D) culture conditions qualitatively mimicking Alpha-DaRT treatments, by employing HeLa cells expressing the Fucci cell cycle-visualizing system. The distribution of the alpha-particle pits detected by a plastic nuclear track detector, CR-39, strongly correlated with γH2AX staining, a marker of DSBs, around the 224Ra source, but the area of G2 arrested cells was more widely spread 24 h from the start of the exposure. Thereafter, close time-lapse observation revealed varying cell cycle kinetics, depending on the distance from the source. A medium containing daughter nuclides prepared from 224Ra sources allowed us to estimate the radiation dose after 24 h of exposure, and determine surviving fractions. The present experimental model revealed for the first time temporo-spatial information of DDR occurring around the source in its early stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitomi Nojima
- Department of Dental Radiology and Radiation Oncology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kaida
- Department of Dental Radiology and Radiation Oncology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan
| | - Yusuke Matsuya
- Nuclear Science and Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 2-4 Shirakata, Tokai, Ibaraki, 319-1195, Japan
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12 Nishi-5, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Motohiro Uo
- Department of Advanced Biomaterials, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan
| | - Ryo-Ichi Yoshimura
- Department of Radiation Therapeutics and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan
| | - Lior Arazi
- Unit of Nuclear Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O.B. 653, 8410501, Be'er-Sheva, Israel
| | - Masahiko Miura
- Department of Dental Radiology and Radiation Oncology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan.
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Runnebohm AM, Wijeratne HRS, Justice SAP, Wijeratne AB, Roy G, Singh N, Hergenrother P, Boothman DA, Motea EA, Mosley AL. IB-DNQ and Rucaparib dual treatment alters cell cycle regulation and DNA repair in triple negative breast cancer cells. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.15.594427. [PMID: 38798459 PMCID: PMC11118307 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.15.594427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Background Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), characterized by the lack of three canonical receptors, is unresponsive to commonly used hormonal therapies. One potential TNBC-specific therapeutic target is NQO1, as it is highly expressed in many TNBC patients and lowly expressed in non-cancer tissues. DNA damage induced by NQO1 bioactivatable drugs in combination with Rucaparib-mediated inhibition of PARP1-dependent DNA repair synergistically induces cell death. Methods To gain a better understanding of the mechanisms behind this synergistic effect, we used global proteomics, phosphoproteomics, and thermal proteome profiling to analyze changes in protein abundance, phosphorylation and protein thermal stability. Results Very few protein abundance changes resulted from single or dual agent treatment; however, protein phosphorylation and thermal stability were impacted. Histone H2AX was among several proteins identified to have increased phosphorylation when cells were treated with the combination of IB-DNQ and Rucaparib, validating that the drugs induced persistent DNA damage. Thermal proteome profiling revealed destabilization of H2AX following combination treatment, potentially a result of the increase in phosphorylation. Kinase substrate enrichment analysis predicted altered activity for kinases involved in DNA repair and cell cycle following dual agent treatment. Further biophysical analysis of these two processes revealed alterations in SWI/SNF complex association and tubulin / p53 interactions. Conclusions Our findings that the drugs target DNA repair and cell cycle regulation, canonical cancer treatment targets, in a way that is dependent on increased expression of a protein selectively found to be upregulated in cancers without impacting protein abundance illustrate that multi-omics methodologies are important to gain a deeper understanding of the mechanisms behind treatment induced cancer cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avery M Runnebohm
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - H R Sagara Wijeratne
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Sarah A Peck Justice
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
- Department of Biology, Marian University, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Aruna B Wijeratne
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
- IU Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Gitanjali Roy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | | | - Paul Hergenrother
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL
| | - David A Boothman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
- IU Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Edward A Motea
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
- IU Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Amber L Mosley
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
- IU Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
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Ho TJ, Tsai BCK, Debakshee G, Shibu MA, Kuo CH, Lin CH, Lin PY, Lin SZ, Kuo WW, Huang CY. Ohwia caudata aqueous extract attenuates senescence in aging adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29729. [PMID: 38698985 PMCID: PMC11064092 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Stem cells exhibit pluripotency and self-renewal abilities. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells can potentially be used to reconstruct various tissues. They possess significant versatility and alleviate various aging-related diseases. Unfortunately, aging leads to senescence, apoptosis, and a decline in regenerative capacity in adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells. These changes necessitate a strategy to mitigate the effects of aging on stem cells. Ohwia caudata (O. caudata) has therapeutic effects against several illnesses. However, studies on whether O. caudata has therapeutic effects against aging are lacking. In this study, we aimed to identify potential therapeutic anti-aging effects in the crude aqueous extract of O. caudata on adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Using 0.1 μM doxorubicin, we induced aging in human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hADMSCs) and evaluated whether various concentrations of O. caudata aqueous extract exhibit anti-aging effects on them. The O. caudata extract exhibited significant antioxidant effects on hADMSCs without any toxicity. Furthermore, after treatment with the O. caudata aqueous extract, the levels of mitochondrial superoxide, DNA double-strand breaks, and telomere shortening were reduced in the hADMSCs subjected to doxorubicin-induced aging. The extract also suppressed doxorubicin-induced aging by upregulating klotho and downregulating p21 in hADMSCs. These findings indicated that the O. caudata extract exhibited anti-aging properties that modulated hADMSC homeostasis. Therefore, it could be a potential candidate for restoring the self-renewal ability and multipotency of aging hADMSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsung-Jung Ho
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Integration Center of Traditional Chinese and Modern Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Bruce Chi-Kang Tsai
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Goswami Debakshee
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Marthandam Asokan Shibu
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Chia-Hua Kuo
- Department of Sports Sciences, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry, University of Taipei, Tianmu Campus, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Science, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA, USA
- School of Physical Education and Sports Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Chih-Hsueh Lin
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Family Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Yu Lin
- Buddhist Compassion Relief Tzu Chi Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Shinn-Zong Lin
- Bioinnovation Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program for Biotechnology Industry, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Center of General Education, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, Taiwan
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48
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Thirman HL, Hayes MJ, Brown LE, Porco JA, Irish JM. Single Cell Profiling Distinguishes Leukemia-Selective Chemotypes. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.01.591362. [PMID: 38826485 PMCID: PMC11142275 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.01.591362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
A central challenge in chemical biology is to distinguish molecular families in which small structural changes trigger large changes in cell biology. Such families might be ideal scaffolds for developing cell-selective chemical effectors - for example, molecules that activate DNA damage responses in malignant cells while sparing healthy cells. Across closely related structural variants, subtle structural changes have the potential to result in contrasting bioactivity patterns across different cell types. Here, we tested a 600-compound Diversity Set of screening molecules from the Boston University Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD) in a novel phospho-flow assay that tracked fundamental cell biological processes, including DNA damage response, apoptosis, M-phase cell cycle, and protein synthesis in MV411 leukemia cells. Among the chemotypes screened, synthetic congeners of the rocaglate family were especially bioactive. In follow-up studies, 37 rocaglates were selected and deeply characterized using 12 million additional cellular measurements across MV411 leukemia cells and healthy peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Of the selected rocaglates, 92% displayed significant bioactivity in human cells, and 65% selectively induced DNA damage responses in leukemia and not healthy human blood cells. Furthermore, the signaling and cell-type selectivity were connected to structural features of rocaglate subfamilies. In particular, three rocaglates from the rocaglate pyrimidinone (RP) structural subclass were the only molecules that activated exceptional DNA damage responses in leukemia cells without activating a detectable DNA damage response in healthy cells. These results indicate that the RP subset should be extensively characterized for anticancer therapeutic potential as it relates to the DNA damage response. This single cell profiling approach advances a chemical biology platform to dissect how systematic variations in chemical structure can profoundly and differentially impact basic functions of healthy and diseased cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah L. Thirman
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Chemical & Physical Biology Program, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Madeline J. Hayes
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Lauren E. Brown
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - John A. Porco
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jonathan M. Irish
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
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Shah P, Hill R, Dion C, Clark SJ, Abakir A, Willems J, Arends MJ, Garaycoechea JI, Leitch HG, Reik W, Crossan GP. Primordial germ cell DNA demethylation and development require DNA translesion synthesis. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3734. [PMID: 38702312 PMCID: PMC11068800 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47219-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Mutations in DNA damage response (DDR) factors are associated with human infertility, which affects up to 15% of the population. The DDR is required during germ cell development and meiosis. One pathway implicated in human fertility is DNA translesion synthesis (TLS), which allows replication impediments to be bypassed. We find that TLS is essential for pre-meiotic germ cell development in the embryo. Loss of the central TLS component, REV1, significantly inhibits the induction of human PGC-like cells (hPGCLCs). This is recapitulated in mice, where deficiencies in TLS initiation (Rev1-/- or PcnaK164R/K164R) or extension (Rev7 -/-) result in a > 150-fold reduction in the number of primordial germ cells (PGCs) and complete sterility. In contrast, the absence of TLS does not impact the growth, function, or homeostasis of somatic tissues. Surprisingly, we find a complete failure in both activation of the germ cell transcriptional program and in DNA demethylation, a critical step in germline epigenetic reprogramming. Our findings show that for normal fertility, DNA repair is required not only for meiotic recombination but for progression through the earliest stages of germ cell development in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranay Shah
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, CB2 0QH, UK.
| | - Ross Hill
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Camille Dion
- MRC Laboratory of Medical Sciences, London, W12 0HS, UK
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, W12 0HS, UK
| | - Stephen J Clark
- Altos Labs, Cambridge, UK
- Epigenetics Programme, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Abdulkadir Abakir
- Altos Labs, Cambridge, UK
- Epigenetics Programme, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Jeroen Willems
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW), Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Juan I Garaycoechea
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW), Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Harry G Leitch
- MRC Laboratory of Medical Sciences, London, W12 0HS, UK
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, W12 0HS, UK
| | - Wolf Reik
- Altos Labs, Cambridge, UK
- Epigenetics Programme, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Gerry P Crossan
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, CB2 0QH, UK.
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50
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Li S, Roy ER, Wang Y, Watkins T, Cao W. DLK-MAPK Signaling Coupled with DNA Damage Promotes Intrinsic Neurotoxicity Associated with Non-Mutated Tau. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:2978-2995. [PMID: 37955806 PMCID: PMC11043018 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03720-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent form of neurodegeneration. Despite the well-established link between tau aggregation and clinical progression, the major pathways driven by this protein to intrinsically damage neurons are incompletely understood. To model AD-relevant neurodegeneration driven by tau, we overexpressed non-mutated human tau in primary mouse neurons and observed substantial axonal degeneration and cell death, a process accompanied by activated caspase 3. Mechanistically, we detected deformation of the nuclear envelope and increased DNA damage response in tau-expressing neurons. Gene profiling analysis further revealed significant alterations in the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway; moreover, inhibitors of dual leucine zipper kinase (DLK) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) were effective in alleviating wild-type human tau-induced neurodegeneration. In contrast, mutant P301L human tau was less toxic to neurons, despite causing comparable DNA damage. Axonal DLK activation induced by wild-type tau potentiated the impact of DNA damage response, resulting in overt neurotoxicity. In summary, we have established a cellular tauopathy model highly relevant to AD and identified a functional synergy between the DLK-MAPK axis and DNA damage response in the neuronal degenerative process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanming Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Ethan R Roy
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Yanyu Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Trent Watkins
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Wei Cao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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