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Yao Y, Yuan M, Shi M, Li W, Sha Y, Zhang Y, Yuan C, Luo J, Li Z, Liao C, Xu K, Niu M. Halting multiple myeloma with MALT1 inhibition: suppressing BCMA-induced NF-κB and inducing immunogenic cell death. Blood Adv 2024; 8:4003-4016. [PMID: 38820414 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2023012394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Because multiple myeloma (MM) poses a formidable therapeutic challenge despite recent progress, exploring novel targets is crucial. Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation protein 1 (MALT1) emerges as a promising paracaspase with druggable potential, especially unexplored in MM. Our study provided compelling evidence demonstrating a statistically significant elevation of MALT1 expression in human primary MM cells. Moreover, elevated MALT1 expression was associated with a poorer prognosis in MM. Genetic deletion of MALT1 reduced cell growth, colony formation, and tumor growth in vivo. Pharmacological inhibition with 1 μM of a small-molecular MALT1 inhibitor, Mi-2, effectively inhibited cell growth, inducing mitochondria-dependent apoptotic cell death. Mechanistically, MALT1 inhibition disrupted diverse signal transduction pathways, notably impeding nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). Significantly, the inhibition of MALT1 demonstrated a substantial suppression of NF-κB activation by elevating inhibitor of NF-κB, disrupting the nuclear localization of p65 and c-REL. This effect was observed in both the basal state and when stimulated by B-cell maturation antigen, highlighting the pivotal role of MALT1 inhibition in influencing MM cell survival. It was noteworthy that Mi-2 induces properties associated with immunogenic cell death (ICD), as evidenced by increased calreticulin, adenosine triphosphate release, and high-mobility group protein B1 upregulation, consequently triggering ICD-associated immune activation and enhancing CD8+ T-cell cytotoxicity in vitro. In conclusion, our research highlights MALT1 as a promising druggable target for therapeutic interventions in MM, providing insights into its molecular mechanisms in MM progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Yao
- Blood Disease Institute, Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Mei Yuan
- Blood Disease Institute, Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Min Shi
- Blood Disease Institute, Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Wenyu Li
- Blood Disease Institute, Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yuqian Sha
- Blood Disease Institute, Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Blood Disease Institute, Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Canli Yuan
- Blood Disease Institute, Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jianping Luo
- Blood Disease Institute, Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Zhenyu Li
- Blood Disease Institute, Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Chengcheng Liao
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Kailin Xu
- Blood Disease Institute, Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Mingshan Niu
- Blood Disease Institute, Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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Pakjoo M, Ahmadi SE, Zahedi M, Jaafari N, Khademi R, Amini A, Safa M. Interplay between proteasome inhibitors and NF-κB pathway in leukemia and lymphoma: a comprehensive review on challenges ahead of proteasome inhibitors. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:105. [PMID: 38331801 PMCID: PMC10851565 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01433-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The current scientific literature has extensively explored the potential role of proteasome inhibitors (PIs) in the NF-κB pathway of leukemia and lymphoma. The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) is a critical component in regulating protein degradation in eukaryotic cells. PIs, such as BTZ, are used to target the 26S proteasome in hematologic malignancies, resulting in the prevention of the degradation of tumor suppressor proteins, the activation of intrinsic mitochondrial-dependent cell death, and the inhibition of the NF-κB signaling pathway. NF-κB is a transcription factor that plays a critical role in the regulation of apoptosis, cell proliferation, differentiation, inflammation, angiogenesis, and tumor migration. Despite the successful use of PIs in various hematologic malignancies, there are limitations such as resistant to these inhibitors. Some reports suggest that PIs can induce NF-κB activation, which increases the survival of malignant cells. This article discusses the various aspects of PIs' effects on the NF-κB pathway and their limitations. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Pakjoo
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
- ATMP department, Breast cancer research center, Motamed cancer institute, ACECR, P.O. BOX:15179/64311, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Esmaeil Ahmadi
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Zahedi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Allied Medicine, Student Research Committee, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Niloofar Jaafari
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reyhane Khademi
- Thalassemia & Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ali Amini
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Majid Safa
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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3
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Wang Y, Huang Q, He F. Aberrant blood MALT1 and its relevance with multiple organic dysfunctions, T helper cells, inflammation, and mortality risk of sepsis patients. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24331. [PMID: 35262976 PMCID: PMC8993658 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background MALT1 is linked with multiple organic dysfunctions, inflammatory storm, and T helper (Th) cell differentiation. Herein, the current study aimed to investigate the correlation of peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) MALT1 with Th1 cells, Th17 cells, and prognosis of sepsis patients. Methods In general, 78 sepsis patients and 40 health controls (HCs) were enrolled. MALT1 expression was detected in PBMCs from all subjects by RT‐qPCR. Besides, Th1 and Th17 cells were measured in PBMCs from sepsis patients by flow cytometry; interleukin 17A (IL‐17A) and interferon gamma (IFN‐γ) were determined in serum from sepsis patients by ELISA. Results MALT1 expression was higher in sepsis patients than HCs (p < 0.001). MALT1 expression was positively correlated with Th17 cells (rs = 0.291, p = 0.038) and IL‐17A (rs = 0.383, p = 0.001), but not with Th1 cells (rs = 0.204, p = 0.151) or IFN‐γ (rs = 0.175, p = 0.125) in sepsis patients. MALT1 expression was positively correlated with APACHE II score (rs = 0.275, p = 0.015), C‐reactive protein (CRP) (rs = 0.257, p = 0.023), and sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score (rs = 0.306, p = 0.006) (MALT1 expression was positively correlated with SOFA respiratory system score (rs = 0.348, p = 0.002), and SOFA liver score (rs = 0.260, p = 0.021), but not with SOFA scores in nervous system, cardio vascular system, coagulation, and renal system (all p > 0.05)). MALT1 expression (p = 0.010), Th1 cells (p = 0.010), Th17 cells (p = 0.038), and IL‐17A (p = 0.012), except for IFN‐γ (p = 0.102), elevated in sepsis deaths compared with sepsis survivors. Conclusion PBMC MALT1 is highly expressed in sepsis patients with its overexpression associated with multiple organic dysfunctions, elevated Th17 cells, and increased mortality risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibin Wang
- Department of Central Intensive Care Unit, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Qinghe Huang
- Department of Central Intensive Care Unit, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Fuyun He
- Department of Central Intensive Care Unit, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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4
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Zhang YY, Peng J, Luo XJ. Post-translational modification of MALT1 and its role in B cell- and T cell-related diseases. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 198:114977. [PMID: 35218741 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.114977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation protein 1 (MALT1) is a multifunctional protein. MALT1 functions as an adaptor protein to assemble and recruit proteins such as B-cell lymphoma 10 (BCL10) and caspase-recruitment domain (CARD)-containing coiled-coil protein 11 (CARD11). Conversely it also acts as a paracaspase to cleave specified substrates. Because of its involvement in immunity, inflammation and cancer through its dual functions of scaffolding and catalytic activity, MALT1 is becoming a promising therapeutic target in B cell- and T cell-related diseases. There is growing evidence that the function of MALT1 is subtly modulated via post-translational modifications. This review summarized recent progress in relevant studies regarding the physiological and pathophysiological functions of MALT1, post-translational modifications of MALT1 and its role in B cell- and T cell- related diseases. In addition, the current available MALT1 inhibitors were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Yue Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Jun Peng
- Department of Pharmacology, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China.
| | - Xiu-Ju Luo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, China.
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5
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Fung SY, Lu HY, Sharma M, Sharma AA, Saferali A, Jia A, Abraham L, Klein T, Gold MR, Noterangelo LD, Overall CM, Turvey SE. MALT1-Dependent Cleavage of HOIL1 Modulates Canonical NF-κB Signaling and Inflammatory Responsiveness. Front Immunol 2021; 12:749794. [PMID: 34721419 PMCID: PMC8552041 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.749794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) is a critical transcription factor involved in regulating cell activation, inflammation, and survival. The linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex (LUBAC) which consists of HOIL1, HOIP, and SHARPIN, catalyzes the linear ubiquitination of target proteins—a post-translational modification that is essential for NF-κB activation. Human germline pathogenic variants that dysregulate linear ubiquitination and NF-κB signaling are associated with immunodeficiency and/or autoinflammation including dermatitis, recurrent fevers, systemic inflammation and enteropathy. We previously identified MALT1 paracaspase as a novel negative regulator of LUBAC by proteolytic cleavage of HOIL1. To directly investigate the impact of HOIL1 cleavage activity on the inflammatory response, we employed a stable transduction system to express and directly compare non-cleavable HOIL1 with wild-type HOIL1 in primary HOIL1-deficient patient skin fibroblasts. We discovered that non-cleavable HOIL1 resulted in enhanced NF-κB signaling in response to innate stimuli. Transcriptomics revealed enrichment of inflammation and proinflammatory cytokine-related pathways after stimulation. Multiplexed cytokine assays confirmed a ‘hyperinflammatory’ phenotype in these cells. This work highlights the physiological importance of MALT1-dependent cleavage and modulation of HOIL1 on NF-κB signaling and inflammation, provides a mechanism for the autoinflammation observed in MALT1-deficient patients, and will inform the development of therapeutics that target MALT1 paracaspase and LUBAC function in treating autoinflammatory skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Yu Fung
- Department of Pediatrics, British Columbia Children's Hospital and The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Province and Ministry Co-Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics and Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Henry Y Lu
- Department of Pediatrics, British Columbia Children's Hospital and The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Experimental Medicine Program, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Mehul Sharma
- Department of Pediatrics, British Columbia Children's Hospital and The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Experimental Medicine Program, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Ashish A Sharma
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Aabida Saferali
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Alicia Jia
- Department of Pediatrics, British Columbia Children's Hospital and The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Libin Abraham
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Theo Klein
- Department of Analytical Solutions, Ducares/Triskelion BV, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Michael R Gold
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Luigi D Noterangelo
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Christopher M Overall
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Oral Biological and Medical Science, Center for Blood Research, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Stuart E Turvey
- Department of Pediatrics, British Columbia Children's Hospital and The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Experimental Medicine Program, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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6
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Samarina N, Ssebyatika G, Tikla T, Waldmann JY, Abere B, Nanna V, Marasco M, Carlomagno T, Krey T, Schulz TF. Recruitment of phospholipase Cγ1 to the non-structural membrane protein pK15 of Kaposi Sarcoma-associated herpesvirus promotes its Src-dependent phosphorylation. PLoS Pathog 2021; 17:e1009635. [PMID: 34143834 PMCID: PMC8244865 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Kaposi Sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) causes three human malignancies, Kaposi Sarcoma (KS), Primary Effusion Lymphoma (PEL) and the plasma cell variant of multicentric Castleman’s Disease (MCD), as well as an inflammatory cytokine syndrome (KICS). Its non-structural membrane protein, pK15, is among a limited set of viral proteins expressed in KSHV-infected KS tumor cells. Following its phosphorylation by Src family tyrosine kinases, pK15 recruits phospholipase C gamma 1 (PLCγ1) to activate downstream signaling cascades such as the MEK/ERK, NFkB and PI3K pathway, and thereby contributes to the increased proliferation and migration as well as the spindle cell morphology of KSHV-infected endothelial cells. Here, we show that a phosphorylated Y481EEVL motif in pK15 preferentially binds into the PLCγ1 C-terminal SH2 domain (cSH2), which is involved in conformational changes occurring during the activation of PLCγ1 by receptor tyrosine kinases. We determined the crystal structure of a pK15 12mer peptide containing the phosphorylated pK15 Y481EEVL motif in complex with a shortened PLCγ1 tandem SH2 (tSH2) domain. This structure demonstrates that the pK15 peptide binds to the PLCγ1 cSH2 domain in a position that is normally occupied by the linker region connecting the PLCγ1 cSH2 and SH3 domains. We also show that longer pK15 peptides containing the phosphorylated pK15 Y481EEVL motif can increase the Src-mediated phosphorylation of the PLCγ1 tSH2 region in vitro. This pK15-induced increase in Src-mediated phosphorylation of PLCγ1 can be inhibited with the small pK15-derived peptide which occupies the PLCγ1 cSH2 domain. Our findings thus suggest that pK15 may act as a scaffold protein to promote PLCγ1 activation in a manner similar to the cellular scaffold protein SLP-76, which has been shown to promote PLCγ1 activation in the context of T-cell receptor signaling. Reminiscent of its positional homologue in Epstein-Barr Virus, LMP2A, pK15 may therefore mimic aspects of antigen-receptor signaling. Our findings also suggest that it may be possible to inhibit the recruitment and activation of PLCγ1 pharmacologically. Kaposi’s Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus (KSHV) causes three human malignancies (Kaposi Sarcoma, Primary Effusion Lymphoma, Multicentric Castleman’s Disease) and an inflammatory condition, KICS. One of its non-structural membrane proteins, pK15, is expressed in tumor cells and has previously been shown to contribute to its ability to reactivate from latency and to its pathogenetic properties in endothelial cells by recruiting the cellular signaling enzyme phospholipase Cγ1 (PLCγ1). Here we investigate the interaction of pK15 with PLCγ1, report the structure of a PLCγ1 domain in complex with a pK15 peptide and show that pK15 primes PLCγ1 for phosphorylation by the cellular kinase Src. We also show that the pK15-dependent activation of PLCγ1 can be inhibited with a small peptide. Our findings therefore identify the pK15-PLCγ1 interaction as a putative druggable target and provide the basis for the development of small molecule inhibitors that could perhaps serve to inhibit KSHV replication and pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naira Samarina
- Institute of Virology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research, Hannover Braunschweig Site, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Tanvi Tikla
- Institute of Virology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research, Hannover Braunschweig Site, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ja-Yun Waldmann
- Institute of Virology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research, Hannover Braunschweig Site, Hannover, Germany
| | - Bizunesh Abere
- Institute of Virology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research, Hannover Braunschweig Site, Hannover, Germany
| | - Vittoria Nanna
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Teresa Carlomagno
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Krey
- Institute of Virology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research, Hannover Braunschweig Site, Hannover, Germany
- Excellence Cluster 2155 RESIST, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Centre for Structural Systems Biology (CSSB), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thomas F. Schulz
- Institute of Virology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research, Hannover Braunschweig Site, Hannover, Germany
- Excellence Cluster 2155 RESIST, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- * E-mail:
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7
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Liang X, Cao Y, Li C, Yu H, Yang C, Liu H. MALT1 as a promising target to treat lymphoma and other diseases related to MALT1 anomalies. Med Res Rev 2021; 41:2388-2422. [PMID: 33763890 DOI: 10.1002/med.21799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation protein 1 (MALT1) is a key adaptor protein that regulates the NF-κB pathway, in which MALT1 functions as a scaffold protein and protease to trigger downstream signals. The abnormal expression of MALT1 is closely associated with lymphomagenesis and other diseases, including solid tumors and autoimmune diseases. MALT1 is the only protease in the underlying pathogenesis of these diseases, and its proteolytic activity can be pharmacologically regulated. Therefore, MALT1 is a potential and promising target for anti-lymphoma and other MALT1-related disease treatments. Currently, the development of MALT1 inhibitors is still in its early stages. This review presents an overview of MALT1, particularly its X-ray structures and biological functions, and elaborates on the pathogenesis of diseases associated with its dysregulation. We then summarize previously reported MALT1 inhibitors, focusing on their molecular structure, biological activity, structure-activity relationship, and limitations. Finally, we propose future research directions to accelerate the discovery of novel MALT1 inhibitors with clinical applications. Overall, this review provides a comprehensive and systematic overview of MALT1-related research advances and serves as a theoretical basis for drug discovery and research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuewu Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - YiChun Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunpu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Haolan Yu
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenghua Yang
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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8
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Quancard J, Simic O, Pissot Soldermann C, Aichholz R, Blatter M, Renatus M, Erbel P, Melkko S, Endres R, Sorge M, Kieffer L, Wagner T, Beltz K, Mcsheehy P, Wartmann M, Régnier CH, Calzascia T, Radimerski T, Bigaud M, Weiss A, Bornancin F, Schlapbach A. Optimization of the In Vivo Potency of Pyrazolopyrimidine MALT1 Protease Inhibitors by Reducing Metabolism and Increasing Potency in Whole Blood. J Med Chem 2020; 63:14594-14608. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jean Quancard
- Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Oliver Simic
- Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Carole Pissot Soldermann
- Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Reiner Aichholz
- Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Markus Blatter
- Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Martin Renatus
- Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Paulus Erbel
- Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Samu Melkko
- Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ralf Endres
- Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mickael Sorge
- Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Laurence Kieffer
- Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Trixie Wagner
- Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Karen Beltz
- Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Paul Mcsheehy
- Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Markus Wartmann
- Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Catherine H. Régnier
- Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Calzascia
- Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Radimerski
- Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marc Bigaud
- Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Weiss
- Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Frédéric Bornancin
- Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Achim Schlapbach
- Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
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9
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The interplay between EBV and KSHV viral products and NF-κB pathway in oncogenesis. Infect Agent Cancer 2020; 15:62. [PMID: 33072180 PMCID: PMC7559203 DOI: 10.1186/s13027-020-00317-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Among the DNA tumor viruses Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV), account for a considerable percentage of virus-associated cancers. Deregulation of transcription factors signaling pathways is one of the most significant oncogenic characteristics of EBV and KSHV. NF-κB is a transcription factor that play a remarkable role in oncogenesis because of its function as a master regulator of a spectrum of genes involved in physiological and pathophysiological process. Constitutive activation of NF-κB is a frequent and well-described event in many human malignancies. Compelling evidence represent EBV and KSHV are capable of targeting different components of NF-κB cascade. Here, we summarized recent findings to clarify the precise relationship between dysregulation of NF-κB and EBV and KSHV-related malignancies. This essay also emphasizes on contribution of various viral products in developing cancer through alteration of NF-κB signaling pathway.
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10
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Regulation of KSHV Latency and Lytic Reactivation. Viruses 2020; 12:v12091034. [PMID: 32957532 PMCID: PMC7551196 DOI: 10.3390/v12091034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is associated with three malignancies— Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS), primary effusion lymphoma (PEL), and multicentric Castleman’s disease (MCD). Central to the pathogenesis of these diseases is the KSHV viral life cycle, which is composed of a quiescent latent phase and a replicative lytic phase. While the establishment of latency enables persistent KSHV infection and evasion of the host immune system, lytic replication is essential for the dissemination of the virus between hosts and within the host itself. The transition between these phases, known as lytic reactivation, is controlled by a complex set of environmental, host, and viral factors. The effects of these various factors converge on the regulation of two KSHV proteins whose functions facilitate each phase of the viral life cycle—latency-associated nuclear antigen (LANA) and the master switch of KSHV reactivation, replication and transcription activator (RTA). This review presents the current understanding of how the transition between the phases of the KSHV life cycle is regulated, how the various phases contribute to KSHV pathogenesis, and how the viral life cycle can be exploited as a therapeutic target.
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11
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Staal J, Driege Y, Haegman M, Kreike M, Iliaki S, Vanneste D, Lork M, Afonina IS, Braun H, Beyaert R. Defining the combinatorial space of PKC::CARD‐CC signal transduction nodes. FEBS J 2020; 288:1630-1647. [DOI: 10.1111/febs.15522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jens Staal
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology Ghent University Ghent Belgium
- Center for Inflammation Research Unit of Molecular Signal Transduction in Inflammation VIB Ghent Belgium
| | - Yasmine Driege
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology Ghent University Ghent Belgium
- Center for Inflammation Research Unit of Molecular Signal Transduction in Inflammation VIB Ghent Belgium
| | - Mira Haegman
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology Ghent University Ghent Belgium
- Center for Inflammation Research Unit of Molecular Signal Transduction in Inflammation VIB Ghent Belgium
| | - Marja Kreike
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology Ghent University Ghent Belgium
- Center for Inflammation Research Unit of Molecular Signal Transduction in Inflammation VIB Ghent Belgium
| | - Styliani Iliaki
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology Ghent University Ghent Belgium
- Center for Inflammation Research Unit of Molecular Signal Transduction in Inflammation VIB Ghent Belgium
| | - Domien Vanneste
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology Ghent University Ghent Belgium
- Center for Inflammation Research Unit of Molecular Signal Transduction in Inflammation VIB Ghent Belgium
| | - Marie Lork
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology Ghent University Ghent Belgium
- Center for Inflammation Research Unit of Molecular Signal Transduction in Inflammation VIB Ghent Belgium
| | - Inna S. Afonina
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology Ghent University Ghent Belgium
- Center for Inflammation Research Unit of Molecular Signal Transduction in Inflammation VIB Ghent Belgium
| | - Harald Braun
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology Ghent University Ghent Belgium
- Center for Inflammation Research Unit of Molecular Signal Transduction in Inflammation VIB Ghent Belgium
| | - Rudi Beyaert
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology Ghent University Ghent Belgium
- Center for Inflammation Research Unit of Molecular Signal Transduction in Inflammation VIB Ghent Belgium
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12
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Wong JP, Stuhlmiller TJ, Giffin LC, Lin C, Bigi R, Zhao J, Zhang W, Bravo Cruz AG, Park SI, Earp HS, Dittmer DP, Frye SV, Wang X, Johnson GL, Damania B. Kinome profiling of non-Hodgkin lymphoma identifies Tyro3 as a therapeutic target in primary effusion lymphoma. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:16541-16550. [PMID: 31346082 PMCID: PMC6697815 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1903991116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs) make up the majority of lymphoma diagnoses and represent a very diverse set of malignancies. We sought to identify kinases uniquely up-regulated in different NHL subtypes. Using multiplexed inhibitor bead-mass spectrometry (MIB/MS), we found Tyro3 was uniquely up-regulated and important for cell survival in primary effusion lymphoma (PEL), which is a viral lymphoma infected with Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV). Tyro3 was also highly expressed in PEL cell lines as well as in primary PEL exudates. Based on this discovery, we developed an inhibitor against Tyro3 named UNC3810A, which hindered cell growth in PEL, but not in other NHL subtypes where Tyro3 was not highly expressed. UNC3810A also significantly inhibited tumor progression in a PEL xenograft mouse model that was not seen in a non-PEL NHL model. Taken together, our data suggest Tyro3 is a therapeutic target for PEL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason P Wong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Timothy J Stuhlmiller
- Department of Pharmacology and Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Louise C Giffin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Carolina Lin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Rachele Bigi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Center for AIDS Research, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Jichen Zhao
- Center for Integrative Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Weihe Zhang
- Center for Integrative Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Ariana G Bravo Cruz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Steven I Park
- Department of Medicine and Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - H Shelton Earp
- Department of Medicine and Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Dirk P Dittmer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Center for AIDS Research, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Stephen V Frye
- Center for Integrative Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- Center for Integrative Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599;
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Gary L Johnson
- Department of Pharmacology and Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599;
| | - Blossom Damania
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599;
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13
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Mlynarczyk C, Fontán L, Melnick A. Germinal center-derived lymphomas: The darkest side of humoral immunity. Immunol Rev 2019; 288:214-239. [PMID: 30874354 PMCID: PMC6518944 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
One of the unusual features of germinal center (GC) B cells is that they manifest many hallmarks of cancer cells. Accordingly, most B-cell neoplasms originate from the GC reaction, and characteristically display abundant point mutations, structural genomic lesions, and clonal diversity from the genetic and epigenetic standpoints. The dominant biological theme of GC-derived lymphomas is mutation of genes involved in epigenetic regulation and immune receptor signaling, which come into play at critical transitional stages of the GC reaction. Hence, mechanistic studies of these mutations reveal fundamental insight into the biology of the normal and malignant GC B cell. The BCL6 transcription factor plays a central role in establishing the GC phenotype in B cells, and most lymphomas are dependent on BCL6 to maintain survival, proliferation, and perhaps immune evasion. Many lymphoma mutations have the commonality of enhancing the oncogenic functions of BCL6, or overcoming some of its tumor suppressive effects. Herein, we discuss how unique features of the GC reaction create vulnerabilities that select for particular lymphoma mutations. We examine the interplay between epigenetic programming, metabolism, signaling, and immune regulatory mechanisms in lymphoma, and discuss how these are leading to novel precision therapy strategies to treat lymphoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coraline Mlynarczyk
- Department of MedicineDivision of Hematology & Medical OncologyWeill Cornell MedicineNew York CityNew York
| | - Lorena Fontán
- Department of MedicineDivision of Hematology & Medical OncologyWeill Cornell MedicineNew York CityNew York
| | - Ari Melnick
- Department of MedicineDivision of Hematology & Medical OncologyWeill Cornell MedicineNew York CityNew York
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14
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Meloni L, Verstrepen L, Kreike M, Staal J, Driege Y, Afonina IS, Beyaert R. Mepazine Inhibits RANK-Induced Osteoclastogenesis Independent of Its MALT1 Inhibitory Function. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23123144. [PMID: 30513612 PMCID: PMC6320945 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23123144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation protein 1 (MALT1) is an intracellular cysteine protease (paracaspase) that plays an integral role in innate and adaptive immunity. The phenothiazine mepazine has been shown to inhibit the proteolytic activity of MALT1 and is frequently used to study its biological role. MALT1 has recently been suggested as a therapeutic target in rheumatoid arthritis. Here, we analyzed the effect of mepazine on the receptor activator of nuclear factor κ-B (RANK)-induced osteoclastogenesis. The treatment of mouse bone marrow precursor cells with mepazine strongly inhibited the RANK ligand (RANKL)-induced formation of osteoclasts, as well as the expression of several osteoclast markers, such as TRAP, cathepsin K, and calcitonin. However, RANKL induced osteoclastogenesis equally well in bone marrow cells derived from wild-type and Malt1 knock-out mice. Furthermore, the protective effect of mepazine was not affected by MALT1 deficiency. Additionally, the absence of MALT1 did not affect RANK-induced nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) and activator protein 1 (AP-1) activation. Overall, these studies demonstrate that MALT1 is not essential for RANK-induced osteoclastogenesis, and implicate a MALT1-independent mechanism of action of mepazine that should be taken into account in future studies using this compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Meloni
- Unit of Molecular Signal Transduction in Inflammation, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium.
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Lynn Verstrepen
- Unit of Molecular Signal Transduction in Inflammation, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium.
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Marja Kreike
- Unit of Molecular Signal Transduction in Inflammation, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium.
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Jens Staal
- Unit of Molecular Signal Transduction in Inflammation, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium.
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Yasmine Driege
- Unit of Molecular Signal Transduction in Inflammation, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium.
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Inna S Afonina
- Unit of Molecular Signal Transduction in Inflammation, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium.
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Rudi Beyaert
- Unit of Molecular Signal Transduction in Inflammation, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium.
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium.
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15
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Biology and management of primary effusion lymphoma. Blood 2018; 132:1879-1888. [DOI: 10.1182/blood-2018-03-791426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) is a rare B-cell malignancy that most often occurs in immunocompromised patients, such as HIV-infected individuals and patients receiving organ transplantation. The main characteristic of PEL is neoplastic effusions in body cavities without detectable tumor masses. The onset of the disease is associated with latent infection of human herpes virus 8/Kaposi sarcoma–associated herpes virus, and the normal counterpart of tumor cells is B cells with plasmablastic differentiation. A condition of immunodeficiency and a usual absence of CD20 expression lead to the expectation of the lack of efficacy of anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody; clinical outcomes of the disease remain extremely poor, with an overall survival at 1 year of ∼30%. Although recent progress in antiretroviral therapy has improved outcomes of HIV-infected patients, its benefit is still limited in patients with PEL. Furthermore, the usual high expression of programmed death ligand 1 in tumor cells, one of the most important immune-checkpoint molecules, results in the immune escape of tumor cells from the host immune defense, which could be the underlying mechanism of poor treatment efficacy. Molecular-targeted therapies for the activating pathways in PEL, including NF-κB, JAK/STAT, and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/AKT, have emerged to treat this intractable disease. A combination of immunological recovery from immune deficiency, overcoming the immune escape, and the development of more effective drugs will be vital for improving the outcomes of PEL patients in the future.
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16
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Bardet M, Seeholzer T, Unterreiner A, Woods S, Krappmann D, Bornancin F. MALT1 activation by TRAF6 needs neither BCL10 nor CARD11. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 506:48-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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17
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Juilland M, Thome M. Holding All the CARDs: How MALT1 Controls CARMA/CARD-Dependent Signaling. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1927. [PMID: 30214442 PMCID: PMC6125328 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The scaffold proteins CARMA1-3 (encoded by the genes CARD11, -14 and -10) and CARD9 play major roles in signaling downstream of receptors with immunoreceptor tyrosine activation motifs (ITAMs), G-protein coupled receptors (GPCR) and receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK). These receptors trigger the formation of oligomeric CARMA/CARD-BCL10-MALT1 (CBM) complexes via kinases of the PKC family. The CBM in turn regulates gene expression by the activation of NF-κB and AP-1 transcription factors and controls transcript stability. The paracaspase MALT1 is the only CBM component having an enzymatic (proteolytic) activity and has therefore recently gained attention as a potential drug target. Here we review recent advances in the understanding of the molecular function of the protease MALT1 and summarize how MALT1 scaffold and protease function contribute to the transmission of CBM signals. Finally, we will highlight how dysregulation of MALT1 function can cause pathologies such as immunodeficiency, autoimmunity, psoriasis, and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Juilland
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Margot Thome
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
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18
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McAuley JR, Freeman TJ, Ekambaram P, Lucas PC, McAllister-Lucas LM. CARMA3 Is a Critical Mediator of G Protein-Coupled Receptor and Receptor Tyrosine Kinase-Driven Solid Tumor Pathogenesis. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1887. [PMID: 30158935 PMCID: PMC6104486 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The CARMA–Bcl10–MALT1 (CBM) signalosome is an intracellular protein complex composed of a CARMA scaffolding protein, the Bcl10 linker protein, and the MALT1 protease. This complex was first recognized because the genes encoding its components are targeted by mutation and chromosomal translocation in lymphoid malignancy. We now know that the CBM signalosome plays a critical role in normal lymphocyte function by mediating antigen receptor-dependent activation of the pro-inflammatory, pro-survival NF-κB transcription factor, and that deregulation of this signaling complex promotes B-cell lymphomagenesis. More recently, we and others have demonstrated that a CBM signalosome also operates in cells outside of the immune system, including in several solid tumors. While CARMA1 (also referred to as CARD11) is expressed primarily within lymphoid tissues, the related scaffolding protein, CARMA3 (CARD10), is more widely expressed and participates in a CARMA3-containing CBM complex in a variety of cell types. The CARMA3-containing CBM complex operates downstream of specific G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and/or growth factor receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs). Since inappropriate expression and activation of GPCRs and/or RTKs underlies the pathogenesis of several solid tumors, there is now great interest in elucidating the contribution of CARMA3-mediated cellular signaling in these malignancies. Here, we summarize the key discoveries leading to our current understanding of the role of CARMA3 in solid tumor biology and highlight the current gaps in our knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Randall McAuley
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.,Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Tanner J Freeman
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Prasanna Ekambaram
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Peter C Lucas
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.,Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Linda M McAllister-Lucas
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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19
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Fontán L, Qiao Q, Hatcher JM, Casalena G, Us I, Teater M, Durant M, Du G, Xia M, Bilchuk N, Chennamadhavuni S, Palladino G, Inghirami G, Philippar U, Wu H, Scott DA, Gray NS, Melnick A. Specific covalent inhibition of MALT1 paracaspase suppresses B cell lymphoma growth. J Clin Invest 2018; 128:4397-4412. [PMID: 30024860 DOI: 10.1172/jci99436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The paracaspase MALT1 plays an essential role in activated B cell-like diffuse large B cell lymphoma (ABC DLBCL) downstream of B cell and TLR pathway genes mutated in these tumors. Although MALT1 is considered a compelling therapeutic target, the development of tractable and specific MALT1 protease inhibitors has thus far been elusive. Here, we developed a target engagement assay that provides a quantitative readout for specific MALT1-inhibitory effects in living cells. This enabled a structure-guided medicinal chemistry effort culminating in the discovery of pharmacologically tractable, irreversible substrate-mimetic compounds that bind the MALT1 active site. We confirmed that MALT1 targeting with compound 3 is effective at suppressing ABC DLBCL cells in vitro and in vivo. We show that a reduction in serum IL-10 levels exquisitely correlates with the drug pharmacokinetics and degree of MALT1 inhibition in vitro and in vivo and could constitute a useful pharmacodynamic biomarker to evaluate these compounds in clinical trials. Compound 3 revealed insights into the biology of MALT1 in ABC DLBCL, such as the role of MALT1 in driving JAK/STAT signaling and suppressing the type I IFN response and MHC class II expression, suggesting that MALT1 inhibition could prime lymphomas for immune recognition by cytotoxic immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Fontán
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Qi Qiao
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - John M Hatcher
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, and.,Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Gabriella Casalena
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ilkay Us
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Matt Teater
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Matt Durant
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Guangyan Du
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, and.,Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Min Xia
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Natalia Bilchuk
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Spandan Chennamadhavuni
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, and.,Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Giuseppe Palladino
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Giorgio Inghirami
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Ulrike Philippar
- Oncology Discovery, Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Hao Wu
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David A Scott
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, and.,Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nathanael S Gray
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, and.,Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ari Melnick
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, New York, USA
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20
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Hunte R, Alonso P, Thomas R, Bazile CA, Ramos JC, van der Weyden L, Dominguez-Bendala J, Khan WN, Shembade N. CADM1 is essential for KSHV-encoded vGPCR-and vFLIP-mediated chronic NF-κB activation. PLoS Pathog 2018; 14:e1006968. [PMID: 29698475 PMCID: PMC5919438 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Approximately 12% of all human cancers worldwide are caused by infections with oncogenic viruses. Kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus/human herpesvirus 8 (KSHV/HHV8) is one of the oncogenic viruses responsible for human cancers, including Kaposi's sarcoma (KS), Primary Effusion Lymphoma (PEL), and the lymphoproliferative disorder multicentric Castleman's disease (MCD). Chronic inflammation mediated by KSHV infection plays a decisive role in the development and survival of these cancers. NF-κB, a family of transcription factors regulating inflammation, cell survival, and proliferation, is persistently activated in KSHV-infected cells. The KSHV latent and lytic expressing oncogenes involved in NF-κB activation are vFLIP/K13 and vGPCR, respectively. However, the mechanisms by which NF-κB is activated by vFLIP and vGPCR are poorly understood. In this study, we have found that a host molecule, Cell Adhesion Molecule 1 (CADM1), is robustly upregulated in KSHV-infected PBMCs and KSHV-associated PEL cells. Further investigation determined that both vFLIP and vGPCR interacted with CADM1. The PDZ binding motif localized at the carboxyl terminus of CADM1 is essential for both vGPCR and vFLIP to maintain chronic NF-κB activation. Membrane lipid raft associated CADM1 interaction with vFLIP is critical for the initiation of IKK kinase complex and NF-κB activation in the PEL cells. In addition, CADM1 played essential roles in the survival of KSHV-associated PEL cells. These data indicate that CADM1 plays key roles in the activation of NF-κB pathways during latent and lytic phases of the KSHV life cycle and the survival of KSHV-infected cells.
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MESH Headings
- Cell Adhesion Molecule-1/genetics
- Cell Adhesion Molecule-1/metabolism
- Herpesvirus 8, Human/pathogenicity
- Humans
- Lymphoma, Primary Effusion/genetics
- Lymphoma, Primary Effusion/metabolism
- Lymphoma, Primary Effusion/virology
- NF-kappa B/genetics
- NF-kappa B/metabolism
- Receptors, Chemokine/genetics
- Receptors, Chemokine/metabolism
- Sarcoma, Kaposi/genetics
- Sarcoma, Kaposi/metabolism
- Sarcoma, Kaposi/virology
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
- Viral Proteins/genetics
- Viral Proteins/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Hunte
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Viral Oncology Program, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, The University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States of America
| | - Patricia Alonso
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Viral Oncology Program, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, The University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States of America
| | - Remy Thomas
- Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Doha, Qatar
| | - Cassandra Alexandria Bazile
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Viral Oncology Program, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, The University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States of America
| | - Juan Carlos Ramos
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, and Center for AIDS Research and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Louise van der Weyden
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Juan Dominguez-Bendala
- Diabetes Research Institute, Miller School of Medicine, The University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States of America
| | - Wasif Noor Khan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Viral Oncology Program, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, The University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States of America
| | - Noula Shembade
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Viral Oncology Program, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, The University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States of America
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Juilland M, Bonsignore L, Thome M. MALT1 protease activity in primary effusion lymphoma. Oncotarget 2017; 9:12542-12543. [PMID: 29560084 PMCID: PMC5849148 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 12/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Juilland
- University of Lausanne, Department of Biochemistry, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Luca Bonsignore
- University of Lausanne, Department of Biochemistry, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Margot Thome
- University of Lausanne, Department of Biochemistry, Epalinges, Switzerland
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Abere B, Mamo TM, Hartmann S, Samarina N, Hage E, Rückert J, Hotop SK, Büsche G, Schulz TF. The Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) non-structural membrane protein K15 is required for viral lytic replication and may represent a therapeutic target. PLoS Pathog 2017; 13:e1006639. [PMID: 28938025 PMCID: PMC5627962 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Revised: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is the infectious cause of the highly vascularized tumor Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS), which is characterized by proliferating spindle cells of endothelial origin, extensive neo-angiogenesis and inflammatory infiltrates. The KSHV K15 protein contributes to the angiogenic and invasive properties of KSHV-infected endothelial cells. Here, we asked whether K15 could also play a role in KSHV lytic replication. Deletion of the K15 gene from the viral genome or its depletion by siRNA lead to reduced virus reactivation, as evidenced by the decreased expression levels of KSHV lytic proteins RTA, K-bZIP, ORF 45 and K8.1 as well as reduced release of infectious virus. Similar results were found for a K1 deletion virus. Deleting either K15 or K1 from the viral genome also compromised the ability of KSHV to activate PLCγ1, Erk1/2 and Akt1. In infected primary lymphatic endothelial (LEC-rKSHV) cells, which have previously been shown to spontaneously display a viral lytic transcription pattern, transfection of siRNA against K15, but not K1, abolished viral lytic replication as well as KSHV-induced spindle cell formation. Using a newly generated monoclonal antibody to K15, we found an abundant K15 protein expression in KS tumor biopsies obtained from HIV positive patients, emphasizing the physiological relevance of our findings. Finally, we used a dominant negative inhibitor of the K15-PLCγ1 interaction to establish proof of principle that pharmacological intervention with K15-dependent pathways may represent a novel approach to block KSHV reactivation and thereby its pathogenesis. Both the latent and lytic replication phases of the KSHV life cycle are thought to contribute to its persistence and pathogenesis. The non-structural signaling membrane protein K15 is involved in the angiogenic and invasive properties of KSHV-infected endothelial cells. Here we show that the K15 protein is required for virus replication, early viral gene expression and virus production through its activation of the cellular signaling pathways PLCγ1 and Erk 1/2. K15 is abundantly expressed in KSHV-infected lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) and contributes to KSHV-induced endothelial spindle cell formation. The abundant K15 protein expression observed in LECs is also observed in KS tumors. We also show that it may be possible to target K15 in order to intervene therapeutically with KSHV lytic replication and pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bizunesh Abere
- Institute of Virology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research, Hannover–Braunschweig Site, Germany
| | - Tamrat M. Mamo
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Silke Hartmann
- Institute of Virology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research, Hannover–Braunschweig Site, Germany
| | - Naira Samarina
- Institute of Virology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research, Hannover–Braunschweig Site, Germany
| | - Elias Hage
- Institute of Virology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research, Hannover–Braunschweig Site, Germany
| | - Jessica Rückert
- Institute of Virology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research, Hannover–Braunschweig Site, Germany
| | - Sven-Kevin Hotop
- German Centre for Infection Research, Hannover–Braunschweig Site, Germany
- Department of Chemical Biology, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Guntram Büsche
- Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas F. Schulz
- Institute of Virology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research, Hannover–Braunschweig Site, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Ways and waves of MALT1 paracaspase activation. Cell Mol Immunol 2017; 15:8-11. [PMID: 28782755 DOI: 10.1038/cmi.2017.77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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