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Wang N, Ng J, Wang GP. Morphology-independent general-purpose optical surface tractor beam. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6836. [PMID: 39122709 PMCID: PMC11315692 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51100-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Optical tractor beams capable of pulling particles backward have garnered significant and increasing interest. Traditional optical tractor beams are limited to free space beams with small forward wavevectors, enabling them to pull selected particles. Here, we present a comprehensive theory for the optical force exerted by a surface wave using analytical and numerical calculations, revealing the relationship between the canonical momentum and optical forces. Based on this theory, we demonstrate a general purpose optical surface tractor beam that can pull any passive particle, regardless of size, composition, or geometry. The tractor beam utilizes a surface wave with negative canonical momentum characterized by a single well-defined negative Bloch k vector. The tractor beam relies on a mechanism where the negative incident force always surpasses the recoil force. As such, the tractor beam, when excited on the surface of a double-negative index metamaterial, can pull particles with different morphologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency Heterogeneous Integration, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jack Ng
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Guo Ping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency Heterogeneous Integration, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.
- College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.
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2
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Zhao Y, Chan HC, Bi K, Duan G, Liu M, Xie N, Yang Y. Chiral whispering gallery modes and chirality-dependent symmetric optical force induced by a spin-polarized surface wave of photonic Dirac semimetal. OPTICS LETTERS 2024; 49:4306-4309. [PMID: 39090920 DOI: 10.1364/ol.527933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Dirac degeneracy is a fourfold band crossing point in a three-dimensional momentum space, which possesses Fermi-arc-like surface states, and has extensive application prospects. In this work, we systematically study the exceptional effects of the robust chiral surface wave supported by photonic Dirac semimetal acts on the dielectric particles. Theoretical results show that orthogonal electromagnetic modes and helical or chiral whispering gallery modes (WGMs) of dielectric particles can be efficiently excited by the unidirectional spin-polarized surface wave. More importantly, optical forces exerted by the spin-polarized surface wave exhibit chirality-dependent symmetric behavior and high chiral Q factor with precise size selectivity. Our findings may provide potential applications in the area of chiral microcavity, spin optical devices, and optical manipulations.
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3
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Zhang Y, Li Z, Che Z, Zhang W, Zhang Y, Lin Z, Lv Z, Wu C, Han L, Tang J, Zhu W, Xiao Y, Zheng H, Zhong Y, Chen Z, Yu J. Dynamics of polarization-tuned mirror symmetry breaking in a rotationally symmetric system. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5586. [PMID: 38961090 PMCID: PMC11222497 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49696-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Lateral momentum conservation is typically kept in a non-absorptive rotationally symmetric system through mirror symmetry via Noether's theorem when illuminated by a homogeneous light wave. Therefore, it is still very challenging to break the mirror symmetry and generate a lateral optical force (LOF) in the rotationally symmetric system. Here, we report a general dynamic action in the SO(2) rotationally symmetric system, originating from the polarization-tuned mirror symmetry breaking (MSB) of the light scattering. We demonstrate theoretically and experimentally that MSB can be generally applied to the SO(2) rotationally symmetric system and tuned sinusoidally by polarization orientation, leading to a highly tunable and highly efficient LOF (9.22 pN/mW/μm-2) perpendicular to the propagation direction. The proposed MSB mechanism and LOF not only complete the sets of MSB of light-matter interaction and non-conservative force only using a plane wave but also provide extra polarization manipulation freedom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information and Sensing Technologies of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Optoelectronic Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Department of Optoelectronic Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Zhibin Li
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information and Sensing Technologies of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Optoelectronic Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Department of Optoelectronic Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Zhen Che
- Guangdong Science and Technology Infrastructure Center, Guangzhou, 510033, China
| | - Wang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information and Sensing Technologies of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Optoelectronic Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Department of Optoelectronic Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yusen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information and Sensing Technologies of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Optoelectronic Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Department of Optoelectronic Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Ziqi Lin
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information and Sensing Technologies of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Optoelectronic Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Department of Optoelectronic Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Zhan Lv
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information and Sensing Technologies of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Optoelectronic Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Department of Optoelectronic Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Chunling Wu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information and Sensing Technologies of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Optoelectronic Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Department of Optoelectronic Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Longwei Han
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information and Sensing Technologies of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Optoelectronic Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Department of Optoelectronic Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Jieyuan Tang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information and Sensing Technologies of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Optoelectronic Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Department of Optoelectronic Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Wenguo Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information and Sensing Technologies of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Optoelectronic Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Department of Optoelectronic Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yi Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information and Sensing Technologies of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Optoelectronic Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Department of Optoelectronic Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Huadan Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information and Sensing Technologies of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Optoelectronic Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Department of Optoelectronic Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yongchun Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information and Sensing Technologies of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Optoelectronic Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Department of Optoelectronic Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Zhe Chen
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information and Sensing Technologies of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Optoelectronic Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Department of Optoelectronic Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Jianhui Yu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information and Sensing Technologies of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Optoelectronic Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Department of Optoelectronic Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
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4
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Wu YJ, Yu PP, Liu YF, Zhuang JH, Wang ZQ, Li YM, Qiu CW, Gong L. Controllable Microparticle Spinning via Light without Spin Angular Momentum. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:253803. [PMID: 38996228 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.253803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
The spin angular momentum (SAM) of an elliptically or circularly polarized light beam can be transferred to matter to drive a spinning motion. It is counterintuitive to find that a light beam without SAM can also cause the spinning of microparticles. Here, we demonstrate controllable spinning of birefringent microparticles via a tightly focused radially polarized vortex beam that has no SAM prior to focusing. To this end, the orbital Hall effect is proposed to control the radial separation of two spin components in the focused field, and tunable transfer of local SAM to microparticles is achieved by manipulating the twisted wavefront of the source light. Our work broadens the perspectives for controllable exertion of optical torques via the spin-orbit interactions.
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5
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Tang W, Yan D, Qin K, Guo X, Zhong Y, Xu H, Yang H, Zou J. Single-Electrode Electrostatic Repulsion Phenomenon for Remote Actuation and Manipulation. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2024; 7:0393. [PMID: 38812533 PMCID: PMC11134173 DOI: 10.34133/research.0393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
One of the fundamental principles of electrostatics is that an uncharged object will be attracted to a charged object through electrostatic induction as the two approaches one another. We refer to the charged object as a single electrode and examine the scenario where a positive voltage is applied. Because of electrostatic induction phenomenon, single-electrode electrostatics only generates electrostatic attraction forces. Here, we discover that single-electrode electrostatics can generate electrostatic repulsion forces and define this new phenomenon as single-electrode electrostatic repulsion phenomenon. We investigate the fundamental electrostatic phenomena, giving a curve of electrostatic force versus voltage and then defining 3 regions. Remote actuation and manipulation are essential technologies that are of enormous concern, with tweezers playing an important role. Various tweezers designed on the basis of external fields of optics, acoustics, and magnetism can be used for remote actuation and manipulation, but some inherent drawbacks still exist. Tweezers would benefit greatly from our discovery in electrostatics. On the basis of this discovery, we propose the concept of electrostatic tweezers, which can achieve noncontact and remote actuation and manipulation. Experimental characterizations and successful applications in metamaterials, robots, and manipulating objects demonstrated that electrostatic tweezers can produce large deformation rates (>6,000%), fast actuation (>100 Hz), and remote manipulating distance (~15 cm) and have the advantages of simple device structure, easy control, lightweight, no dielectric breakdown, and low cost. Our work may deepen people's understanding of single-electrode electrostatics and opens new opportunities for remote actuation and manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems,
Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- School of Mechanical Engineering,
Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Process Equipment, College of Energy Engineering,
Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dong Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems,
Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- School of Mechanical Engineering,
Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kecheng Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems,
Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- School of Mechanical Engineering,
Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinyu Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems,
Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- School of Mechanical Engineering,
Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yiding Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems,
Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- School of Mechanical Engineering,
Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huxiu Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems,
Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- School of Mechanical Engineering,
Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huayong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems,
Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- School of Mechanical Engineering,
Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems,
Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- School of Mechanical Engineering,
Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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6
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Chen X, Liu S, Shen M, Shi J, Wu C, Song Z, Zhao Y. Dielectrophoretic characterization and selection of non-spherical flagellate algae in parallel channels with right-angle bipolar electrodes. LAB ON A CHIP 2024; 24:2506-2517. [PMID: 38619815 DOI: 10.1039/d4lc00165f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Non-spherical flagellate algae play an increasingly significant role in handling problematic issues as versatile biological micro/nanorobots and resources of valuable bioproducts. However, the commensalism of flagellate algae with distinct structures and constituents causes considerable difficulties in their further biological utilization. Therefore, it is imperative to develop a novel method to realize high-efficiency selection of non-spherical flagellate algae in a non-invasive manner. Enthused by these, we proposed a novel method to accomplish the selection of flagellate algae based on the numerical and experimental investigation of dielectrophoretic characterizations of flagellate algae. Firstly, an arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian method was utilized to study the electro-orientation and dielectrophoretic assembly process of spindle-shaped and ellipsoid-shaped cells in a uniform electric field. Secondly, we studied the equilibrium state of spherical, ellipsoid-shaped, and spindle-shaped cells under positive DEP forces actuated by right-angle bipolar electrodes. Thirdly, we investigated the dielectrophoretic assembly and escape processes of the non-spherical flagellate algae in continuous flow to explore their influences on the selection. Fourthly, freshwater flagellate algae (Euglena, H. pluvialis, and C. reinhardtii) and marine ones (Euglena, Dunaliella salina, and Platymonas) were separated to validate the feasibility and adaptability of this method. Finally, this approach was engineered in the selection of Euglena cells with high viability and motility. This method presents immense prospects in the selection of pure non-spherical flagellate algae with high motility for chronic wound healing, bio-micromotor construction, and decontamination with advantages of no sheath, strong reliability, and shape-insensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Chen
- School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066004, PR China.
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Precision Optical Sensing and Measurement Technology, Qinhuangdao, 066004, PR China.
| | - Shun Liu
- School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066004, PR China.
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Precision Optical Sensing and Measurement Technology, Qinhuangdao, 066004, PR China.
| | - Mo Shen
- School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066004, PR China.
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Precision Optical Sensing and Measurement Technology, Qinhuangdao, 066004, PR China.
| | - Jishun Shi
- School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066004, PR China.
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Precision Optical Sensing and Measurement Technology, Qinhuangdao, 066004, PR China.
| | - Chungang Wu
- School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066004, PR China.
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Precision Optical Sensing and Measurement Technology, Qinhuangdao, 066004, PR China.
| | - Zhipeng Song
- School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066004, PR China.
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Precision Optical Sensing and Measurement Technology, Qinhuangdao, 066004, PR China.
| | - Yong Zhao
- School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066004, PR China.
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Precision Optical Sensing and Measurement Technology, Qinhuangdao, 066004, PR China.
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7
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Lu W, Krasavin AV, Lan S, Zayats AV, Dai Q. Gradient-induced long-range optical pulling force based on photonic band gap. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2024; 13:93. [PMID: 38653978 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-024-01452-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Optical pulling provides a new degree of freedom in optical manipulation. It is generally believed that long-range optical pulling forces cannot be generated by the gradient of the incident field. Here, we theoretically propose and numerically demonstrate the realization of a long-range optical pulling force stemming from a self-induced gradient field in the manipulated object. In analogy to potential barriers in quantum tunnelling, we use a photonic band gap design in order to obtain the intensity gradients inside a manipulated object placed in a photonic crystal waveguide, thereby achieving a pulling force. Unlike the usual scattering-type optical pulling forces, the proposed gradient-field approach does not require precise elimination of the reflection from the manipulated objects. In particular, the Einstein-Laub formalism is applied to design this unconventional gradient force. The magnitude of the force can be enhanced by a factor of up to 50 at the optical resonance of the manipulated object in the waveguide, making it insensitive to absorption. The developed approach helps to break the limitation of scattering forces to obtain long-range optical pulling for manipulation and sorting of nanoparticles and other nano-objects. The developed principle of using the band gap to obtain a pulling force may also be applied to other types of waves, such as acoustic or water waves, which are important for numerous applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlong Lu
- Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Structure and Fundamental Interactions of Matter, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, School of Information and Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Alexey V Krasavin
- Department of Physics and London Centre for Nanotechnology, King's College London, London, WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Sheng Lan
- Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Structure and Fundamental Interactions of Matter, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, School of Information and Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Anatoly V Zayats
- Department of Physics and London Centre for Nanotechnology, King's College London, London, WC2R 2LS, UK.
| | - Qiaofeng Dai
- Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Structure and Fundamental Interactions of Matter, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, School of Information and Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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8
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Zhao Y, Zhou L, Jiang X, Zhu L, Shi Q. Optical Force Effects of Rayleigh Particles by Cylindrical Vector Beams. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:691. [PMID: 38668185 PMCID: PMC11053792 DOI: 10.3390/nano14080691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
High-order cylindrical vector beams possess flexible spatial polarization and exhibit new effects and phenomena that can expand the functionality and enhance the capability of optical systems. However, building a general analytical model for highly focused beams with different polarization orders remains a challenge. Here, we elaborately develop the vector theory of high-order cylindrical vector beams in a high numerical aperture focusing system and achieve the vectorial diffraction integrals for describing the tight focusing field with the space-variant distribution of polarization orders within the framework of Richards-Wolf diffraction theory. The analytical formulae include the exact three Cartesian components of electric and magnetic distributions in the tightly focused region. Additionally, utilizing the analytical formulae, we can achieve the gradient force, scattering force, and curl-spin force exerted on Rayleigh particles trapped by high-order cylindrical vector beams. These results are crucial for improving the design and engineering of the tightly focused field by modulating the polarization orders of high-order cylindrical vector beams, particularly for applications such as optical tweezers and optical manipulation. This theoretical analysis also extends to the calculation of complicated optical vortex vector fields and the design of diffractive optical elements with high diffraction efficiency and resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Zhao
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China; (Y.Z.)
| | - Liqiang Zhou
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China; (Y.Z.)
| | - Xiaotong Jiang
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China; (Y.Z.)
| | - Linwei Zhu
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China; (Y.Z.)
| | - Qiang Shi
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China; (Y.Z.)
- Moji-Nano Technology Co., Ltd., Yantai 264006, China
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9
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Ortiz-Rivero E, González-Gómez CD, Rica RA, Haro-González P. Effect of the Photoexcitation Wavelength and Polarization on the Generated Heat by a Nd-Doped Microspinner at the Microscale. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2308534. [PMID: 38573943 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202308534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Thermal control at small scales is critical for studying temperature-dependent biological systems and microfluidic processes. Concerning this, optical trapping provides a contactless method to remotely study microsized heating sources. This work introduces a birefringent luminescent microparticle of NaLuF4:Nd3+ as a local heater in a liquid system. When optically trapped with a circularly polarized laser beam, the microparticle rotates and heating is induced through multiphonon relaxation of the Nd3+ ions. The temperature increment in the surrounding medium is investigated, reaching a maximum heating of ≈5 °C within a 30 µm radius around the static particle under 51 mW laser excitation at 790 nm. Surprisingly, this study reveals that the particle's rotation minimally affects the temperature distribution, contrary to the intuitive expectation of liquid stirring. The influence of the microparticle rotation on the reduction of heating transfer is analyzed. Numerical simulations confirm that the thermal distribution remains consistent regardless of spinning. Instead, the orientation-dependence of the luminescence process emerges as a key factor responsible for the reduction in heating. The anisotropy in particle absorption and the lag between the orientation of the particle and the laser polarization angle contribute to this effect. Therefore, caution must be exercised when employing spinning polarization-dependent luminescent particles for microscale thermal analysis using rotation dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Ortiz-Rivero
- Nanomaterials for Bioimaging Group, Departamento de Física de Materiales, Facultad de Ciencias & Instituto de materiales Nicolás Cabrera, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Carlos D González-Gómez
- Nanoparticles Trapping Laboratory, Department of Applied Physics, Universidad de Granada, Granada, 18071, Spain
- Department of Applied Physics II, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, 29071, Spain
| | - Raúl A Rica
- Nanoparticles Trapping Laboratory, Department of Applied Physics, Universidad de Granada, Granada, 18071, Spain
- Research Unit "Modeling Nature" (MNat), Universidad de Granada, Granada, 18071, Spain
| | - Patricia Haro-González
- Nanomaterials for Bioimaging Group, Departamento de Física de Materiales, Facultad de Ciencias & Instituto de materiales Nicolás Cabrera, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28049, Spain
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10
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Kollipara PS, Wu Z, Yao K, Lin D, Ju Z, Zhang X, Jiang T, Ding H, Fang J, Li J, Korgel BA, Redwing JM, Yu G, Zheng Y. Three-Dimensional Optothermal Manipulation of Light-Absorbing Particles in Phase-Change Gel Media. ACS NANO 2024; 18:8062-8072. [PMID: 38456693 PMCID: PMC11285096 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c11162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Rational manipulation and assembly of discrete colloidal particles into architected superstructures have enabled several applications in materials science and nanotechnology. Optical manipulation techniques, typically operated in fluid media, facilitate the precise arrangement of colloidal particles into superstructures by using focused laser beams. However, as the optical energy is turned off, the inherent Brownian motion of the particles in fluid media impedes the retention and reconfiguration of such superstructures. Overcoming this fundamental limitation, we present on-demand, three-dimensional (3D) optical manipulation of colloidal particles in a phase-change solid medium made of surfactant bilayers. Unlike liquid crystal media, the lack of fluid flow within the bilayer media enables the assembly and retention of colloids for diverse spatial configurations. By utilizing the optically controlled temperature-dependent interactions between the particles and their surrounding media, we experimentally exhibit the holonomic microscale control of diverse particles for repeatable, reconfigurable, and controlled colloidal arrangements in 3D. Finally, we demonstrate tunable light-matter interactions between the particles and 2D materials by successfully manipulating and retaining these particles at fixed distances from the 2D material layers. Our experimental results demonstrate that the particles can be retained for over 120 days without any change in their relative positions or degradation in the bilayers. With the capability of arranging particles in 3D configurations with long-term stability, our platform pushes the frontiers of optical manipulation for distinct applications such as metamaterial fabrication, information storage, and security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavana Siddhartha Kollipara
- Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Zilong Wu
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Kan Yao
- Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Dongdong Lin
- Qian Xuesen Collaborative Research Center of Astrochemistry and Space Life Sciences, Department of Microelectronic Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Zhengyu Ju
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Xiaotian Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Taizhi Jiang
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Hongru Ding
- Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Jie Fang
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Jingang Li
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Brian A Korgel
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Joan M Redwing
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
- 2D Crystal Consortium, Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Guihua Yu
- Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Yuebing Zheng
- Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
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11
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Shoshi JS, Mahdy MRC, Rana MR. On chip all-optical distinguishing of independently placed distinct types of single Rayleigh particle. Heliyon 2024; 10:e26722. [PMID: 38434299 PMCID: PMC10906440 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
In order to determine whether a particle is plasmonic, dielectric, or chiral, different complex processes and chemicals are applied in lab setups and pharmaceutical industries. Sorting or categorizing a particle based on distinct optical forces can be a novel technique. When a beam of light interacts with a particle, it usually pushes the particle in the direction of the light's propagation. Counterintuitively, it can also pull the particle toward the light beam or move it toward a lateral direction. As far as we know, to date, no comprehensive report exists regarding a single optical arrangement capable of inducing entirely distinct behaviors of force for three disparate types of independently placed single Rayleigh particle. This study introduces an all-optical technique aimed at effectively sorting nanoscale Rayleigh-sized objects employing a plasmonic substrate, when each distinct type of single particle is placed over the substrate independently. Unfortunately, this proposed technique does not work for the cluster or mixture of distinct particles. In our proposed configuration, a simple linearly polarized plane wave is incident onto the plasmonic substrate, thereby engendering completely different responses from three different types of nanoparticles: Gold (plasmonic), SiO2 (dielectric), and Chiral particles. We conducted individual tests for our setup using linearly polarized plane waves at angles of 30-degree, 45-degree, and 60-degree individually. Consistent results were obtained across all angles. In each of the three distinct setups involving the aforementioned particle, a dielectric Rayleigh particle experiences an optical pulling force, a plasmonic Rayleigh particle experiences an optical pushing force, and a chiral Rayleigh particle encounters an optical lateral force. These distinctive force behaviors manifest as a result of the intricate interplay between the material properties of the nanoparticles and the characteristics of the plane-polarized beam, encompassing aspects such as plasmonic response, chirality, and refractive index. Moreover, this technique presents an environmentally sustainable and economically viable alternative to the utilization of expensive and potentially hazardous chemicals in nanoparticle sorting processes within industrial domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jannatul Shahrin Shoshi
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, North South University, Bashundhara, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - M R C Mahdy
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, North South University, Bashundhara, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mostafizur Rahman Rana
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, North South University, Bashundhara, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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12
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Astrath NGC, Bergmann EV, Anghinoni B, Flizikowski GAS, Novatski A, Jacinto C, Požar T, Kalin M, Malacarne LC, Baesso ML. Towards a comprehensive characterization of spatio-temporal dependence of light-induced electromagnetic forces in dielectric liquids. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5595. [PMID: 38454075 PMCID: PMC10920765 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56176-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The interaction of localized light with matter generates optical electrostriction within dielectric fluids, leading to a discernible change in the refractive index of the medium according to the excitation's light profile. This optical force holds critical significance in optical manipulation and plays a fundamental role in numerous photonic applications. In this study, we demonstrate the applicability of the pump-probe, photo-induced lensing (PIL) method to investigate optical electrostriction in various dielectric liquids. Notably, the thermal and nonlinear effects are observed to be temporally decoupled from the electrostriction effects, facilitating isolated observation of the latter. Our findings provide a comprehensive explanation of optical forces in the context of the recently introduced microscopic Ampère electromagnetic formalism, which is grounded in the dipolar approximation of electromagnetic sources within matter and characterizes electrostriction as an electromagnetic-induced stress within the medium. Here, the optical force density is re-obtained through a new Lagrangian approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- N G C Astrath
- Department of Physics, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, 87020-900, Brazil.
| | - E V Bergmann
- Department of Physics, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, 87020-900, Brazil
| | - B Anghinoni
- Department of Physics, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, 87020-900, Brazil
| | - G A S Flizikowski
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1N6N5, Canada
| | - A Novatski
- Department of Physics, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, PR, 84030-900, Brazil
| | - C Jacinto
- Institute of Physics, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió, AL, 57072-900, Brazil
| | - T Požar
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - M Kalin
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - L C Malacarne
- Department of Physics, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, 87020-900, Brazil
| | - M L Baesso
- Department of Physics, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, 87020-900, Brazil
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13
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Li H, Zhang B, Wang Y, Huang Z, Xu J, Ding J. Achieving focal invariance in different background refractive indices through a dual-environment metalens. APPLIED OPTICS 2024; 63:1600-1605. [PMID: 38437374 DOI: 10.1364/ao.511027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
A conventional metalens is designed with a fixed working environment, and its focal length depends on the background refractive index. In this study, we propose a dual-environment metalens that can maintain the same focal length in both media of air and water. The metalens consists of 16 types of meta-atoms with different geometries, which can cover the 0-2π phase range in both air and water. We perform finite-difference time-domain simulations to investigate the metalens and demonstrate that its focal length remains unchanged, regardless of whether the background medium is air or water. Furthermore, we investigated the optical forces within the focal field of the metalens in both air and water, indicating its potential trapping capability in these media. Our method provides a new insight into dual-environment metasurfaces and advances the methodology of electromagnetic structures in extensive applications.
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14
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Kumar V, Mirsky SK, Shaked NT, Gazit E. High Quantum Yield Amino Acid Carbon Quantum Dots with Unparalleled Refractive Index. ACS NANO 2024; 18:2421-2433. [PMID: 38190624 PMCID: PMC10811667 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c10792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) are one of the most promising types of fluorescent nanomaterials due to their exceptional water solubility, excellent optical properties, biocompatibility, chemical inertness, excellent refractive index, and photostability. Nitrogen-containing CQDs, which include amino acid based CQDs, are especially attractive due to their high quantum yield, thermal stability, and potential biomedical applications. Recent studies have attempted to improve the preparation of amino acid based CQDs. However, the highest quantum yield obtained for these dots was only 44%. Furthermore, the refractive indices of amino acid derived CQDs were not determined. Here, we systematically explored the performance of CQDs prepared from all 20 coded amino acids using modified hydrothermal techniques allowing more passivation layers on the surface of the dots to optimize their performance. Intriguingly, we obtained the highest refractive indices ever reported for any CQDs. The values differed among the amino acids, with the highest refractive indices found for positively charged amino acids including arginine-CQDs (∼2.1), histidine-CQDs (∼2.0), and lysine-CQDs (∼1.8). Furthermore, the arginine-CQDs reported here showed a nearly 2-fold increase in the quantum yield (∼86%) and a longer decay time (∼8.0 ns) compared to previous reports. In addition, we also demonstrated that all amino acid based CQD materials displayed excitation-dependent emission profiles (from UV to visible) and were photostable, water-soluble, noncytotoxic, and excellent for high contrast live cell imaging or bioimaging. These results indicate that amino acid based CQD materials are high-refractive-index materials applicable for optoelectronic devices, bioimaging, biosensing, and studying cellular organelles in vivo. This extraordinary RI may be highly useful for exploring cellular elements with different densities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay
Bhooshan Kumar
- The
Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise
Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, 6997801 Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Simcha K. Mirsky
- Department of Materials
Science and Engineering and Department of Biomedical Engineering,
Iby and Aladar Fleischman Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Natan T. Shaked
- Department of Materials
Science and Engineering and Department of Biomedical Engineering,
Iby and Aladar Fleischman Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Ehud Gazit
- The
Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise
Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, 6997801 Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Materials
Science and Engineering and Department of Biomedical Engineering,
Iby and Aladar Fleischman Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
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15
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Yao Y, Lin Y, Wu Z, Li Z, He X, Wu Y, Sun Z, Ding W, He L. Solute-particle separation in microfluidics enhanced by symmetrical convection. RSC Adv 2024; 14:1729-1740. [PMID: 38192326 PMCID: PMC10772704 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra07285a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The utilization of microfluidic technology for miniaturized and efficient particle sorting holds significant importance in fields such as biology, chemistry, and healthcare. Passive separation methods, achieved by modifying the geometric shapes of microchannels, enable gentle and straightforward enrichment and separation of particles. Building upon previous discussions regarding the effects of column arrays on fluid flow and particle separation within microchips, we introduced a column array structure into an H-shaped microfluidic chip. It was observed that this structure enhanced mass transfer between two fluids while simultaneously intercepting particles within one fluid, satisfying the requirements for particle interception. This enhancement was primarily achieved by transforming the originally single-mode diffusion-based mass transfer into dual-mode diffusion-convection mass transfer. By further optimizing the column array, it was possible to meet the basic requirements of mass transfer and particle interception with fewer microcolumns, thereby reducing device pressure drop and facilitating the realization of parallel and high-throughput microfluidic devices. These findings have enhanced the potential application of microfluidic systems in clinical and chemical engineering domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurou Yao
- Department of Thermal Science and Energy Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Yao Lin
- Department of Thermal Science and Energy Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Zerui Wu
- Department of Thermal Science and Energy Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Zida Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical School, Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 China
| | - Xuemei He
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230001 China
| | - Yun Wu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230001 China
| | - Zimin Sun
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230001 China
| | - Weiping Ding
- Department of Electronic Engineering and Information Science, University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Liqun He
- Department of Thermal Science and Energy Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
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16
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Biswas S, Mahdy MRC, Das SC, Bhuiyan MAI, Talukder MA. Controlling the counterintuitive optical repulsive thrust of nano dimers with counter propagating type waves and background medium. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0295679. [PMID: 38128032 PMCID: PMC10734998 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
This work focuses on the utilization of counter-propagating plane waves for optical manipulation, which provides a unique approach to control the behavior of Rayleigh and Dipolar nanoparticles immersed in a homogeneous or heterogeneous medium. Our study presents an interesting finding of a repulsive force between plasmonic-chiral heterodimers where the particles move away from each other in both near and far field regions. Interestingly, this repulsive thrust supports the wave like nature of light for the case of homogeneous background but particle type nature of light for heterogenous background. At first, we have investigated the theory underlying the optical trapping of the chiral particle and the impact of this phenomenon on the overall repulsive behavior of the heterodimers placed in air (homogeneous) background. After that, our proposed set-up has further been investigated putting in air-water interface (heterogenous background) and by varying light angle only a little bit. Our observation for this interface case is suggesting the transfer of Minkowski momentum of photon to each optically pulled Rayleigh or dipolar particle of the dimer set, which ultimately causes a broad-band giant repulsive thrust of the dimers. However, in absence of the other particle in the cluster, a single half-immersed particle does not experience the pulling force for the broad-band spectrum. The 'common' reason of the observed repulsive thrust of the dimers for both the aforementioned cases has been attributed to "modified" longitudinal Optical Binding Force (OBF). Technically, this work may open a new way to control the repulsion and attraction between the nanoparticles both in near and far field regions by utilizing the background and the counter-propagating waves. We also believe that this work manifests a possible simple set-up, which will support to observe a background dependent wave 'or' particle nature of light experimentally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudipta Biswas
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, United States of America
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, North South University, Bashundhara, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - M. R. C. Mahdy
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, North South University, Bashundhara, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Saikat Chandra Das
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, North South University, Bashundhara, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Abbe School of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Md. Ariful Islam Bhuiyan
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, North South University, Bashundhara, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Abir Talukder
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, North South University, Bashundhara, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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17
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Merabet B, Liu B, Li Z, Tian J, Guo K, Shah SAA, Guo Z. Vision transformers motivating superior OAM mode recognition in optical communications. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:38958-38969. [PMID: 38017986 DOI: 10.1364/oe.504841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Orbital angular momentum (OAM) has recently obtained tremendous research interest in free-space optical communications (FSO). During signal transmission within the free-space link, atmospheric turbulence (AT) poses a significant challenge as it diminishes the signal strength and introduce intermodal crosstalk, significantly reducing OAM mode detection accuracy. This issue directly impacts the performance of OAM-based communication systems and leads to a reduction in received information. To address this critical bottleneck of low mode recognition accuracy in OAM-based FSO-communications, a deep learning method based on vision transformers (ViT) is proposed for what we believe is for the first time. Designed carefully by numerous experts, the advanced self-attention mechanism of ViT captures more global information from the input image. To train the model, pretraining on a large dataset, named IMAGENET is conducted. Subsequently, we performed fine-tuning on our specific dataset, consisting of OAM beams that have undergone varying AT strengths. The computer simulation shows that based on ViT method, the multiple OAM modes can be recognized with a high accuracy (nearly 100%) under weak-to-moderate turbulence and with almost 98% accuracy even under long transmission distance with strong turbulence (C N2=1×10-14). Our findings highlight that leveraging ViT enables robust detection of complex OAM beams, mitigating the adverse effects caused by atmospheric turbulence.
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18
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Chen X, Zhao Y, Zhang Y, Li B, Li Y, Jiang L. Optical Manipulation of Soft Matter. SMALL METHODS 2023:e2301105. [PMID: 37818749 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202301105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Optical manipulation has emerged as a pivotal tool in soft matter research, offering superior applicability, spatiotemporal precision, and manipulation capabilities compared to conventional methods. Here, an overview of the optical mechanisms governing the interaction between light and soft matter materials during manipulation is provided. The distinct characteristics exhibited by various soft matter materials, including liquid crystals, polymers, colloids, amphiphiles, thin liquid films, and biological soft materials are highlighted, and elucidate their fundamental response characteristics to optical manipulation techniques. This knowledge serves as a foundation for designing effective strategies for soft matter manipulation. Moreover, the diverse range of applications and future prospects that arise from the synergistic collaboration between optical manipulation and soft matter materials in emerging fields are explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xixi Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Manipulation, Institute of Nanophotonics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China
| | - Yanan Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Manipulation, Institute of Nanophotonics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Manipulation, Institute of Nanophotonics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China
| | - Baojun Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Manipulation, Institute of Nanophotonics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China
| | - Yuchao Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Manipulation, Institute of Nanophotonics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China
| | - Lingxiang Jiang
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional and Intelligent Hybrid Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
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19
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Chen X, Liu S, Shen M, Gao Z, Hu S, Zhao Y. Dielectrophoretic assembly and separation of particles and cells in continuous flow. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2023; 15:4485-4493. [PMID: 37610139 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay00666b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Dielectrophoretic (DEP) separation has been recognized as a practical tool in the separation of cells and particles for clinical diagnosis, the pharmaceutical industry and environmental monitoring. Assembly of particles and cells under DEP force is a common phenomenon and has an influence on their separation but has not been understood fully. Encouraged by these aspects, we developed a microfluidic device with a bipolar electrode array to investigate the assembly and separation of particles and cells at a large scale. First, we studied the assembly and evolution mechanisms of particles of one type under an AC electric field. Then, we investigated the interaction and assembly of multiple particles with dissimilar properties under DEP force. Depending on the development of microfluidic devices, we visualize the assembly process of yeast cells at the electrode rims and of polystyrene particles at the channel centers, and explore the influence of pearl chain formation on their separation. With increasing flow velocity from 288 to 720 μL h-1, the purity of 5 μm polystyrene particles surpasses 94.9%. Furthermore, we studied the DEP response of Scenedesmus sp. and C. vulgaris, and explored the influence of cell chains on the isolation of C. vulgaris. The purity of Scenedesmus sp. and C. vulgaris witnessed a decrease from 95.7% to 90.8% when the flow rate increased from 288 to 864 μL h-1. Finally, we investigated the extension of the electric field under chains of Oocystis sp. at the electrode rims by studying chain formation and capture of C. vulgaris, and studied its effect on cell chain length, recovered cell purity and cell concentration. When chains of Oocystis sp. were formed, the purity of C. vulgaris kept unchanged and the concentration decreased from 2793 cells per μL to 2039 cells per μL. This work demonstrates continuous DEP-based assembly and separation of particles and cells, which facilitates high-efficiency isolation of targeted cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Chen
- School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066004, PR China.
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Precision Optical Sensing and Measurement Technology, Qinhuangdao, 066004, PR China
| | - Shun Liu
- School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066004, PR China.
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Precision Optical Sensing and Measurement Technology, Qinhuangdao, 066004, PR China
| | - Mo Shen
- School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066004, PR China.
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Precision Optical Sensing and Measurement Technology, Qinhuangdao, 066004, PR China
| | - Ziwei Gao
- School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066004, PR China.
| | - Sheng Hu
- School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066004, PR China.
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Precision Optical Sensing and Measurement Technology, Qinhuangdao, 066004, PR China
| | - Yong Zhao
- School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066004, PR China.
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Precision Optical Sensing and Measurement Technology, Qinhuangdao, 066004, PR China
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20
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Conteduca D, Brunetti G, Barth I, Quinn SD, Ciminelli C, Krauss TF. Multiplexed Near-Field Optical Trapping Exploiting Anapole States. ACS NANO 2023; 17:16695-16702. [PMID: 37603833 PMCID: PMC10510711 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c03100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Optical tweezers have had a major impact on bioscience research by enabling the study of biological particles with high accuracy. The focus so far has been on trapping individual particles, ranging from the cellular to the molecular level. However, biology is intrinsically heterogeneous; therefore, access to variations within the same population and species is necessary for the rigorous understanding of a biological system. Optical tweezers have demonstrated the ability of trapping multiple targets in parallel; however, the multiplexing capability becomes a challenge when moving toward the nanoscale. Here, we experimentally demonstrate a resonant metasurface that is capable of trapping a high number of nanoparticles in parallel, thereby opening up the field to large-scale multiplexed optical trapping. The unit cell of the metasurface supports an anapole state that generates a strong field enhancement for low-power near-field trapping; importantly, the anapole state is also more angle-tolerant than comparable resonant modes, which allows its excitation with a focused light beam, necessary for generating the required power density and optical forces. We use the anapole state to demonstrate the trapping of 100's of 100 nm polystyrene beads over a 10 min period, as well as the multiplexed trapping of lipid vesicles with a moderate intensity of <250 μW/μm2. This demonstration will enable studies relating to the heterogeneity of biological systems, such as viruses, extracellular vesicles, and other bioparticles at the nanoscale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donato Conteduca
- School
of Physics, Engineering and Technology, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | | | - Isabel Barth
- School
of Physics, Engineering and Technology, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Steven D. Quinn
- School
of Physics, Engineering and Technology, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
- York
Biomedical Research Institute, University
of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United
Kingdom
| | | | - Thomas F. Krauss
- School
of Physics, Engineering and Technology, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
- York
Biomedical Research Institute, University
of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United
Kingdom
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21
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Abedini-Nassab R, Sadeghidelouei N, Shields Iv CW. Magnetophoretic circuits: A review of device designs and implementation for precise single-cell manipulation. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1272:341425. [PMID: 37355317 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
Lab-on-a-chip tools have played a pivotal role in advancing modern biology and medicine. A key goal in this field is to precisely transport single particles and cells to specific locations on a chip for quantitative analysis. To address this large and growing need, magnetophoretic circuits have been developed in the last decade to manipulate a large number of single bioparticles in a parallel and highly controlled manner. Inspired by electrical circuits, magnetophoretic circuits are composed of passive and active circuit elements to offer commensurate levels of control and automation for transporting individual bioparticles. These specifications make them unique compared to other technologies in addressing crucial bioanalytical applications and answering fundamental questions buried in highly heterogeneous cell populations. In this comprehensive review, we describe key theoretical considerations for manufacturing and simulating magnetophoretic circuits. We provide a detailed tutorial for operating magnetophoretic devices containing different circuit elements (e.g., conductors, diodes, capacitors, and transistors). Finally, we provide a critical comparison of the utility of these devices to other microchip-based platforms for cellular manipulation, and discuss how they may address unmet needs in single-cell biology and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roozbeh Abedini-Nassab
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, P.O. Box: 14115-111, Iran.
| | - Negar Sadeghidelouei
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, P.O. Box: 14115-111, Iran
| | - C Wyatt Shields Iv
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80303, United States
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22
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Kim Y, Zheng Y. Advancing optothermal manipulation: decoupling temperature and flow fields in quasi-isothermal microscale streaming. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2023; 12:211. [PMID: 37652899 PMCID: PMC10471763 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-023-01246-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
By decoupling temperature and flow fields through symmetry-correlated laser scan sequences, ISO-FLUCS enables quasi-isothermal optofluidic microscale streaming. This technique offers precise control over fluid manipulation while minimizing thermal damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngsun Kim
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Yuebing Zheng
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA.
- Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA.
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23
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Wang Y, Chen J, Su G, Mei J, Li J. A Review of Single-Cell Microrobots: Classification, Driving Methods and Applications. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:1710. [PMID: 37763873 PMCID: PMC10537272 DOI: 10.3390/mi14091710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Single-cell microrobots are new microartificial devices that use a combination of single cells and artificial devices, with the advantages of small size, easy degradation and ease of manufacture. With externally driven strategies such as light fields, sound fields and magnetic fields, microrobots are able to carry out precise micromanipulations and movements in complex microenvironments. Therefore, single-cell microrobots have received more and more attention and have been greatly developed in recent years. In this paper, we review the main classifications, control methods and recent advances in the field of single-cell microrobot applications. First, different types of robots, such as cell-based microrobots, bacteria-based microrobots, algae-based microrobots, etc., and their design strategies and fabrication processes are discussed separately. Next, three types of external field-driven technologies, optical, acoustic and magnetic, are presented and operations realized in vivo and in vitro by applying these three technologies are described. Subsequently, the results achieved by these robots in the fields of precise delivery, minimally invasive therapy are analyzed. Finally, a short summary is given and current challenges and future work on microbial-based robotics are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Junyang Li
- School of Electronic Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266000, China; (Y.W.); (J.C.); (G.S.); (J.M.)
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24
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Gu C, Huang S, Fang F. Optimized design and experimental study of a macroscopic mirror to achieve linear amplification of optical force-induced displacement. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:28830-28849. [PMID: 37710694 DOI: 10.1364/oe.496374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
A new thin plane mirror with an Archimedes spiral structure (Archimedes-structure thin plane mirror - ATPM) that implements an elastic support boundary is proposed in this study. An optimal structure of ATPM is developed to achieve a linear displacement response with respect to optical forces. The displacement response of the optimized ATPM is analyzed by considering the combined effects of optical force and gravity. The distribution of the optical force density is calculated based on a tilted Gaussian laser beam. Experimental results demonstrate that the optimized ATPM can produce a steady-state displacement of 24.18 nm on average in a normal-gravity environment when subjected to an average optical force of 132.17 nN. When the optical force exceeds 133 nN, the nonlinearity of the displacement response of the optimized ATPM is less than 6.28%. An amplification of the optical force-induced displacement is achieved by more than 15 times compared with that for an unstructured mirror of the same size. The results of this study can assist the development of a miniaturized macroscale optical force platform based on an ATPM for practical applications including the in-situ laser power measurement and nN level force source in the atomic and close-to-atomic scale manufacturing.
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25
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Kollipara PS, Li X, Li J, Chen Z, Ding H, Kim Y, Huang S, Qin Z, Zheng Y. Hypothermal opto-thermophoretic tweezers. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5133. [PMID: 37612299 PMCID: PMC10447564 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40865-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Optical tweezers have profound importance across fields ranging from manufacturing to biotechnology. However, the requirement of refractive index contrast and high laser power results in potential photon and thermal damage to the trapped objects, such as nanoparticles and biological cells. Optothermal tweezers have been developed to trap particles and biological cells via opto-thermophoresis with much lower laser powers. However, the intense laser heating and stringent requirement of the solution environment prevent their use for general biological applications. Here, we propose hypothermal opto-thermophoretic tweezers (HOTTs) to achieve low-power trapping of diverse colloids and biological cells in their native fluids. HOTTs exploit an environmental cooling strategy to simultaneously enhance the thermophoretic trapping force at sub-ambient temperatures and suppress the thermal damage to target objects. We further apply HOTTs to demonstrate the three-dimensional manipulation of functional plasmonic vesicles for controlled cargo delivery. With their noninvasiveness and versatile capabilities, HOTTs present a promising tool for fundamental studies and practical applications in materials science and biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xiuying Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
| | - Jingang Li
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
- Laser Thermal Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Zhihan Chen
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Hongru Ding
- Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Youngsun Kim
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Suichu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Micro-Systems and Micro-Structures Manufacturing of Ministry of Education and School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 15001, China
| | - Zhenpeng Qin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
- Center for Advanced Pain Studies, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
| | - Yuebing Zheng
- Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA.
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA.
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26
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Nalupurackal G, Panja K, Chakraborty S, Roy S, Goswami J, Roy B, Singh R. Controlled roll rotation of a microparticle in a hydro-thermophoretic trap. PHYSICAL REVIEW RESEARCH 2023; 5:033005. [PMID: 37675386 PMCID: PMC7615027 DOI: 10.1103/physrevresearch.5.033005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, there has been a growing interest in controlling the motion of microparticles inside and outside a focused laser beam. A hydro-thermophoretic trap was recently reported [Nalupurackal et al., Soft Matter 18, 6825 (2022)], which can trap and manipulate microparticles and living cells outside a laser beam. Briefly, a hydro-thermophoretic trap works by the competition between thermoplasmonic flows due to laser heating of a substrate and thermophoresis away from the hotspot of the laser. Here, we extend that work to demonstrate the controlled roll rotation of a microparticle in a hydro-thermophoretic trap using experiments and theory. We experimentally measure the roll angular velocity of the trapped particle. We predict this roll rotation from theoretical computation of the fluid flow. The expression for the angular velocity fits the experimental data. Our method has potential applications in microrheology by employing a different mode of rotation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gokul Nalupurackal
- Department of Physics, Quantum Centre of Excellence for Diamond and Emergent Materials (QuCenDiEM), IIT Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Kingshuk Panja
- Department of Physics, IIT Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Snigdhadev Chakraborty
- Department of Physics, Quantum Centre of Excellence for Diamond and Emergent Materials (QuCenDiEM), IIT Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Srestha Roy
- Department of Physics, Quantum Centre of Excellence for Diamond and Emergent Materials (QuCenDiEM), IIT Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Jayesh Goswami
- Department of Physics, Quantum Centre of Excellence for Diamond and Emergent Materials (QuCenDiEM), IIT Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Basudev Roy
- Department of Physics, Quantum Centre of Excellence for Diamond and Emergent Materials (QuCenDiEM), IIT Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Rajesh Singh
- Department of Physics, IIT Madras, Chennai 600036, India
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27
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Zhu Y, You M, Shi Y, Huang H, Wei Z, He T, Xiong S, Wang Z, Cheng X. Optofluidic Tweezers: Efficient and Versatile Micro/Nano-Manipulation Tools. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:1326. [PMID: 37512637 PMCID: PMC10384111 DOI: 10.3390/mi14071326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Optical tweezers (OTs) can transfer light momentum to particles, achieving the precise manipulation of particles through optical forces. Due to the properties of non-contact and precise control, OTs have provided a gateway for exploring the mysteries behind nonlinear optics, soft-condensed-matter physics, molecular biology, and analytical chemistry. In recent years, OTs have been combined with microfluidic chips to overcome their limitations in, for instance, speed and efficiency, creating a technology known as "optofluidic tweezers." This paper describes static OTs briefly first. Next, we overview recent developments in optofluidic tweezers, summarizing advancements in capture, manipulation, sorting, and measurement based on different technologies. The focus is on various kinds of optofluidic tweezers, such as holographic optical tweezers, photonic-crystal optical tweezers, and waveguide optical tweezers. Moreover, there is a continuing trend of combining optofluidic tweezers with other techniques to achieve greater functionality, such as antigen-antibody interactions and Raman tweezers. We conclude by summarizing the main challenges and future directions in this research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Zhu
- Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Digital Optics, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Minmin You
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro and Nano Manufacture Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yuzhi Shi
- Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Digital Optics, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Haiyang Huang
- Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Digital Optics, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Zeyong Wei
- Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Digital Optics, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Tao He
- Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Digital Optics, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Sha Xiong
- School of Automation, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Zhanshan Wang
- Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Digital Optics, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xinbin Cheng
- Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Digital Optics, Shanghai 200092, China
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28
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Yun X, Liang Y, He M, Zhao T, Wang S, Lei M. Optical trapping of gold microparticles using linearly polarized, centrally obstructed Gaussian beams. APPLIED OPTICS 2023; 62:4813-4819. [PMID: 37707256 DOI: 10.1364/ao.491308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Metallic microparticles larger than the illumination wavelength are commonly considered poor optical trapping candidates due to their high extinction coefficient. This paper presents a numerical and experimental study on the three-dimensional (3D) trapping of gold microparticles using a centrally obstructed Gaussian beam based on the T-matrix method. The range of particle size for stable optical trapping is determined. For the trapping numerical aperture of 1.32 and illumination wavelength of 1.064 µm, numerical analysis proves that 3D trapping of gold microparticles with a radius bigger than 1.0 µm can be readily achieved. By imprinting a digital lens to the spatial light modulator, we slightly defocus the centrally obstructed Gaussian beam to shift the trapping location to the focal plane for clear observation. Experimental results demonstrate stable trapping of gold microparticles with a radius greater than 1.4 µm at high-power illumination, agreeing well with the theoretical predictions. The presented work should be of interest to the community applying metallic microparticles to relevant research.
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29
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Lialys L, Lialys J, Salandrino A, Ackley BD, Fardad S. Optical trapping of sub-millimeter sized particles and microorganisms. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8615. [PMID: 37244967 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35829-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023] Open
Abstract
While optical tweezers (OT) are mostly used for confining smaller size particles, the counter-propagating (CP) dual-beam traps have been a versatile method for confining both small and larger size particles including biological specimen. However, CP traps are complex sensitive systems, requiring tedious alignment to achieve perfect symmetry with rather low trapping stiffness values compared to OT. Moreover, due to their relatively weak forces, CP traps are limited in the size of particles they can confine which is about 100 μm. In this paper, a new class of counter-propagating optical tweezers with a broken symmetry is discussed and experimentally demonstrated to trap and manipulate larger than 100 μm particles inside liquid media. Our technique exploits a single Gaussian beam folding back on itself in an asymmetrical fashion forming a CP trap capable of confining small and significantly larger particles (up to 250 μm in diameter) based on optical forces only. Such optical trapping of large-size specimen to the best of our knowledge has not been demonstrated before. The broken symmetry of the trap combined with the retro-reflection of the beam has not only significantly simplified the alignment of the system, but also made it robust to slight misalignments and enhances the trapping stiffness as shown later. Moreover, our proposed trapping method is quite versatile as it allows for trapping and translating of a wide variety of particle sizes and shapes, ranging from one micron up to a few hundred of microns including microorganisms, using very low laser powers and numerical aperture optics. This in turn, permits the integration of a wide range of spectroscopy techniques for imaging and studying the optically trapped specimen. As an example, we will demonstrate how this novel technique enables simultaneous 3D trapping and light-sheet microscopy of C. elegans worms with up to 450 µm length.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurynas Lialys
- Department of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science, University of Kansas, Lawrence, 66045, USA
| | - Justinas Lialys
- Department of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science, University of Kansas, Lawrence, 66045, USA
| | - Alessandro Salandrino
- Department of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science, University of Kansas, Lawrence, 66045, USA
- I2S, Institute for Information Sciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, 66045, USA
| | - Brian D Ackley
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, 66045, USA
| | - Shima Fardad
- Department of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science, University of Kansas, Lawrence, 66045, USA.
- I2S, Institute for Information Sciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, 66045, USA.
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30
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Kollipara PS, Chen Z, Zheng Y. Optical Manipulation Heats up: Present and Future of Optothermal Manipulation. ACS NANO 2023; 17:7051-7063. [PMID: 37022087 PMCID: PMC10197158 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c00536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Optothermal manipulation is a versatile technique that combines optical and thermal forces to control synthetic micro-/nanoparticles and biological entities. This emerging technique overcomes the limitations of traditional optical tweezers, including high laser power, photon and thermal damage to fragile objects, and the requirement of refractive-index contrast between target objects and the surrounding solvents. In this perspective, we discuss how the rich opto-thermo-fluidic multiphysics leads to a variety of working mechanisms and modes of optothermal manipulation in both liquid and solid media, underpinning a broad range of applications in biology, nanotechnology, and robotics. Moreover, we highlight current experimental and modeling challenges in the pursuit of optothermal manipulation and propose future directions and solutions to the challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavana Siddhartha Kollipara
- Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, 78712, United States
| | - Zhihan Chen
- Materials Science and Engineering program and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Yuebing Zheng
- Materials Science and Engineering program and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
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31
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Tkachenko G, Truong VG, Esporlas CL, Sanskriti I, Nic Chormaic S. Evanescent field trapping and propulsion of Janus particles along optical nanofibers. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1691. [PMID: 36973283 PMCID: PMC10043011 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37448-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Small composite objects, known as Janus particles, drive sustained scientific interest primarily targeted at biomedical applications, where such objects act as micro- or nanoscale actuators, carriers, or imaging agents. A major practical challenge is to develop effective methods for the manipulation of Janus particles. The available long-range methods mostly rely on chemical reactions or thermal gradients, therefore having limited precision and strong dependency on the content and properties of the carrier fluid. To tackle these limitations, we propose the manipulation of Janus particles (here, silica microspheres half-coated with gold) by optical forces in the evanescent field of an optical nanofiber. We find that Janus particles exhibit strong transverse localization on the nanofiber and much faster propulsion compared to all-dielectric particles of the same size. These results establish the effectiveness of near-field geometries for optical manipulation of composite particles, where new waveguide-based or plasmonic solutions could be envisaged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgiy Tkachenko
- Light-Matter Interactions for Quantum Technologies Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, 904-0495, Okinawa, Japan.
| | - Viet Giang Truong
- Light-Matter Interactions for Quantum Technologies Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, 904-0495, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Cindy Liza Esporlas
- Light-Matter Interactions for Quantum Technologies Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, 904-0495, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Isha Sanskriti
- Light-Matter Interactions for Quantum Technologies Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, 904-0495, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Síle Nic Chormaic
- Light-Matter Interactions for Quantum Technologies Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, 904-0495, Okinawa, Japan.
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32
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Basics of Optical Force. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY C: PHOTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2023.100570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
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33
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Gong J, Zhang S, Duan G, Qi L, Yang Y. Optical force exerted on the two dimensional transition-metal dichalcogenide coated dielectric particle by Gaussian beam. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14314. [PMID: 36938475 PMCID: PMC10015242 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Two-dimensional transition-metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) exhibits a series of distinctive optical and electrical characteristics, which make it has a good application prospect in the field of optical manipulation. Based on the Mie theory, we investigate the radiation force exerted on the TMDC wrapped dielectric particle by Gaussian wave. Theoretical calculations show that the optical force spectra exhibit two resonant peaks in the visible region, which are generated by the interband exciton transitions in TMDC. Magnitude and morphology of the excitonic peaks could be modulated effectively by tuning the number of coated TMDC layers. Furthermore, the excitonic peaks transform significantly with particle size due to the variation of coupling strength between the dielectric particle and TMDC coating. The investigation provides potential applications in optical manipulations and light-matter interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingrui Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications, School of Science, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications, School of Science, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China
| | - Gaoyan Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications, School of Science, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China
| | - Limei Qi
- School of Electronic Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China
| | - Yang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications, School of Science, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China
- Corresponding author.
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Astrath N, Anghinoni B, Flizikowski G, Zanuto V, Malacarne L, Baesso M, Požar T, Razansky D. The role of electrostriction in the generation of acoustic waves by optical forces in water. PHOTOACOUSTICS 2023; 29:100445. [PMID: 36632605 PMCID: PMC9826844 DOI: 10.1016/j.pacs.2022.100445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
We present semi-analytical solutions describing the spatiotemporal distributions of temperature and pressure inside low-absorbing dielectrics excited by tightly focused laser beams. These solutions are compared to measurements in water associated with variations of the local refractive index due to acoustic waves generated by electrostriction, heat deposition, and the Kerr effect at different temperatures. The experimental results exhibited an excellent agreement with the modeling predictions, with electrostriction being the dominant transient effect in the acoustic wave generation. Measurements at 4 . 0 ∘ C show that the thermoelastic contribution to the optical signal is significantly reduced due to the low thermal expansion coefficient of water at this temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- N.G.C. Astrath
- Department of Physics, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, 87020-900 Maringá, Brazil
| | - B. Anghinoni
- Department of Physics, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, 87020-900 Maringá, Brazil
| | - G.A.S. Flizikowski
- Department of Physics, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, 87020-900 Maringá, Brazil
| | - V.S. Zanuto
- Department of Physics, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, 87020-900 Maringá, Brazil
| | - L.C. Malacarne
- Department of Physics, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, 87020-900 Maringá, Brazil
| | - M.L. Baesso
- Department of Physics, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, 87020-900 Maringá, Brazil
| | - T. Požar
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - D. Razansky
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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35
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Riccardi M, Martin OJF. Electromagnetic Forces and Torques: From Dielectrophoresis to Optical Tweezers. Chem Rev 2023; 123:1680-1711. [PMID: 36719985 PMCID: PMC9951227 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Electromagnetic forces and torques enable many key technologies, including optical tweezers or dielectrophoresis. Interestingly, both techniques rely on the same physical process: the interaction of an oscillating electric field with a particle of matter. This work provides a unified framework to understand this interaction both when considering fields oscillating at low frequencies─dielectrophoresis─and high frequencies─optical tweezers. We draw useful parallels between these two techniques, discuss the different and often unstated assumptions they are based upon, and illustrate key applications in the fields of physical and analytical chemistry, biosensing, and colloidal science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Riccardi
- Nanophotonics and Metrology Laboratory, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), EPFL-STI-NAM, Station 11, CH-1015Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Olivier J. F. Martin
- Nanophotonics and Metrology Laboratory, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), EPFL-STI-NAM, Station 11, CH-1015Lausanne, Switzerland
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36
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Himel MH, Sikder B, Ahmed T, Choudhury SM. Biomimicry in nanotechnology: a comprehensive review. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2023; 5:596-614. [PMID: 36756510 PMCID: PMC9890514 DOI: 10.1039/d2na00571a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Biomimicry has been utilized in many branches of science and engineering to develop devices for enhanced and better performance. The application of nanotechnology has made life easier in modern times. It has offered a way to manipulate matter and systems at the atomic level. As a result, the miniaturization of numerous devices has been possible. Of late, the integration of biomimicry with nanotechnology has shown promising results in the fields of medicine, robotics, sensors, photonics, etc. Biomimicry in nanotechnology has provided eco-friendly and green solutions to the energy problem and in textiles. This is a new research area that needs to be explored more thoroughly. This review illustrates the progress and innovations made in the field of nanotechnology with the integration of biomimicry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehedi Hasan Himel
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology Dhaka 1205 Bangladesh
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Brac University 66 Mohakhali Dhaka 1212 Bangladesh
| | - Bejoy Sikder
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology Dhaka 1205 Bangladesh
| | - Tanvir Ahmed
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology Dhaka 1205 Bangladesh
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Brac University 66 Mohakhali Dhaka 1212 Bangladesh
| | - Sajid Muhaimin Choudhury
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology Dhaka 1205 Bangladesh
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Zeng J, Wang J. Interrogating imaginary optical force by the complex Maxwell stress tensor theorem. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2023; 12:20. [PMID: 36627276 PMCID: PMC9832022 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-022-01049-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The complex Maxwell stress tensor theorem has been developed to relate the imaginary optical force, reactive strength of canonical momentum and total optical force of a nanoparticle, which is essential to perfect optical force efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinwei Zeng
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China.
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China.
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38
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Wu Z, Zhao J, Dou J, Liu J, Jing Q, Li B, Hu Y. Optical trapping of multiple particles based on a rotationally-symmetric power-exponent-phase vortex beam. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:42892-42901. [PMID: 36522999 DOI: 10.1364/oe.476031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, the optical trapping of multiple particles based on a rotationally-symmetric power-exponent-phase vortex beam (RSPEPVB) was introduced and demonstrated. Based on the theories of tight focusing and optical force, the optical force model of RSPEPVB was established to analyze the optical trapping force of tightly focused RSPEPVB. Then, an experimental setup of optical tweezer, by utilizing the RSPEPVB, was built to demonstrate that the optical tweezer of RSPEPVBs can achieve the optical trapping of multiple particles, and the number of captured particles is equal to the topological charge l of RSPEPVB, which shows that the RSPEPVBs can achieve multi-particles trapping with controllable number. Moreover, compared to vortex beam, the captured particles by RSPEPVB will not rotate around the circular light intensity distribution. The results will provide a new option for optical trapping of multiple particles in biomedicine, laser cooling and so on.
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39
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Abbassi MA, Mehrany K. Self-induced backaction in optical waveguides. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:42967-42981. [PMID: 36523006 DOI: 10.1364/oe.469326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we study the backaction effect on the force exerted upon Rayleigh particles in guided structures. We show that the backaction becomes stronger as the group velocity of the guided modes is decreased, which is not unexpected since the fall of group velocity increases the interaction time between the particle and the electromagnetic field. Interestingly, the sign of the group velocity affects the pushing and pulling nature of the exerted electromagnetic force. We specifically investigate the case of a single mode optical waveguide both in the propagating and evanescent regimes, and show that the backaction enables us to enhance the ratio of the potential depth to the trapping intensity, and thereby can be a beneficial tool for nondestructive trapping of small nanoparticles. We further show that backaction can induce some resonances in the optical force in the evanescent regime. These resonances can be employed for sorting of nanoparticles.
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40
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Nan F, Li X, Zhang S, Ng J, Yan Z. Creating stable trapping force and switchable optical torque with tunable phase of light. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eadd6664. [PMID: 36399578 PMCID: PMC9674277 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.add6664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Light-induced rotation of microscopic objects is of general interest as the objects may serve as micromotors. Such rotation can be driven by the angular momentum of light or recoil forces arising from special light-matter interactions. However, in the absence of intensity gradient, simultaneously controlling the position and switching the rotation direction is challenging. Here, we report stable optical trapping and switchable optical rotation of nanoparticle (NP)-assembled micromotors with programmed phase of light. We imprint customized phase gradients into a circularly polarized flat-top (i.e., no intensity gradient) laser beam to trap and assemble metal NPs into reconfigurable clusters. Modulating the phase gradients allows direction-switchable and magnitude-tunable optical torque in the same cluster under fixed laser wavelength and handedness. This work provides a valuable method to achieve reversible optical torque in micro/nanomotors, and new insights for optical trapping and manipulation using the phase gradient of a spatially extended light field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Nan
- Department of Applied Physical Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Shuailong Zhang
- School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jack Ng
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Zijie Yan
- Department of Applied Physical Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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41
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Shah ZH, Wu B, Das S. Multistimuli-responsive microrobots: A comprehensive review. Front Robot AI 2022; 9:1027415. [PMID: 36420129 PMCID: PMC9676497 DOI: 10.3389/frobt.2022.1027415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Untethered robots of the size of a few microns have attracted increasing attention for the potential to transform many aspects of manufacturing, medicine, health care, and bioengineering. Previously impenetrable environments have become available for high-resolution in situ and in vivo manipulations as the size of the untethered robots goes down to the microscale. Nevertheless, the independent navigation of several robots at the microscale is challenging as they cannot have onboard transducers, batteries, and control like other multi-agent systems, due to the size limitations. Therefore, various unconventional propulsion mechanisms have been explored to power motion at the nanoscale. Moreover, a variety of combinations of actuation methods has also been extensively studied to tackle different issues. In this survey, we present a thorough review of the recent developments of various dedicated ways to actuate and control multistimuli-enabled microrobots. We have also discussed existing challenges and evolving concepts associated with each technique.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sambeeta Das
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States
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42
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Zhang T, Wu S, Qin H, Wu H, Liu X, Li B, Zheng X. An Optically Controlled Virtual Microsensor for Biomarker Detection In Vivo. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2205760. [PMID: 36074977 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202205760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Current technologies for the real-time analysis of biomarkers in vivo, such as needle-type microelectrodes and molecular imaging methods based on exogenous contrast agents, are still facing great challenges in either invasive detection or lack of active control of the imaging probes. In this study, by combining the design concepts of needle-type microelectrodes and the fluorescence imaging method, a new technique is developed for detecting biomarkers in vivo, named as "optically controlled virtual microsensor" (OCViM). OCViM is established by the organic integration of a specially shaped laser beam and fluorescent nanoprobe, which serve as the virtual handle and sensor tip, respectively. The laser beam can trap and manipulate the nanoprobe in a programmable manner, and meanwhile excite it to generate fluorescence emission for biosensing. On this basis, fully active control of the nanoprobe is achieved noninvasively in vivo, and multipoint detection can be realized at sub-micrometer resolution by shifting a nanoprobe among multiple positions. By using OCViM, the overexpression and heterogenous distribution of biomarkers in the thrombus is studied in living zebrafish, which is further utilized for the evaluation of antithrombotic drugs. OCViM may provide a powerful tool for the mechanism study of thrombus progression and the evaluation of antithrombotic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiange Zhang
- Institute of Nanophotonics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China
| | - Shuai Wu
- Institute of Nanophotonics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China
| | - Haifeng Qin
- Institute of Nanophotonics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China
| | - Huaying Wu
- Institute of Nanophotonics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China
| | - Xiaoshuai Liu
- Institute of Nanophotonics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China
| | - Baojun Li
- Institute of Nanophotonics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China
| | - Xianchuang Zheng
- Institute of Nanophotonics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China
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Nieto-Vesperinas M, Xu X. The complex Maxwell stress tensor theorem: The imaginary stress tensor and the reactive strength of orbital momentum. A novel scenery underlying electromagnetic optical forces. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2022; 11:297. [PMID: 36224170 PMCID: PMC9556612 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-022-00979-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We uncover the existence of a universal phenomenon concerning the electromagnetic optical force exerted by light or other electromagnetic waves on a distribution of charges and currents in general, and of particles in particular. This conveys the appearence of underlying reactive quantities that hinder radiation pressure and currently observed time-averaged forces. This constitutes a novel paradigm of the mechanical efficiency of light on matter, and completes the landscape of the optical, and generally electromagnetic, force in photonics and classical electrodynamics; widening our understanding in the design of both illumination and particles in optical manipulation without the need of increasing the illuminating power, and thus lowering dissipation and heating. We show that this may be accomplished through the minimization of what we establish as the reactive strength of orbital (or canonical) momentum, which plays against the optical force a role analogous to that of the reactive power versus the radiation efficiency of an antenna. This long time overlooked quantity, important for current progress of optical manipulation, and that stems from the complex Maxwell theorem of conservation of complex momentum that we put forward, as well as its alternating flow associated to the imaginary part of the complex Maxwell stress tensor, conform the imaginary Lorentz force that we introduce in this work, and that like the reactive strength of orbital momentum, is antagonistic to the well-known time-averaged force; thus making this reactive Lorentz force indirectly observable near wavelengths at which the time-averaged force is lowered. The Minkowski and Abraham momenta are also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Nieto-Vesperinas
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas. Campus de Cantoblanco, Madrid, 28049, Spain.
| | - Xiaohao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Transient Optics and Photonics, Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, 710119, China.
- Institute of Nanophotonics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China.
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44
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Zhou LM, Shi Y, Zhu X, Hu G, Cao G, Hu J, Qiu CW. Recent Progress on Optical Micro/Nanomanipulations: Structured Forces, Structured Particles, and Synergetic Applications. ACS NANO 2022; 16:13264-13278. [PMID: 36053722 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c05634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Optical manipulation has achieved great success in the fields of biology, micro/nano robotics and physical sciences in the past few decades. To date, the optical manipulation is still witnessing substantial progress powered by the growing accessibility of the complex light field, advanced nanofabrication and developed understandings of light-matter interactions. In this perspective, we highlight recent advancements of optical micro/nanomanipulations in cutting-edge applications, which can be fostered by structured optical forces enabled with diverse auxiliary multiphysical field/forces and structured particles. We conclude with our vision of ongoing and futuristic directions, including heat-avoided and heat-utilized manipulation, nonlinearity-mediated trapping and manipulation, metasurface/two-dimensional material based optical manipulation, as well as interface-based optical manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei-Ming Zhou
- Department of Optical Engineering, School of Physics, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Yuzhi Shi
- Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhu
- Department of Optical Engineering, School of Physics, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Guangwei Hu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
| | - Guangtao Cao
- School of Physics and Electronic Sciences, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Jigang Hu
- Department of Optical Engineering, School of Physics, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Cheng-Wei Qiu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
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45
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The primeval optical evolving matter by optical binding inside and outside the photon beam. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5325. [PMID: 36088393 PMCID: PMC9464242 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33070-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractOptical binding has recently gained considerable attention because it enables the light-induced assembly of many-body systems; however, this phenomenon has only been described between directly irradiated particles. Here, we demonstrate that optical binding can occur outside the focal spot of a single tightly focused laser beam. By trapping at an interface, we assemble up to three gold nanoparticles with a linear arrangement which fully-occupies the laser focus. The trapping laser is efficiently scattered by this linear alignment and interacts with particles outside the focus area, generating several discrete arc-shape potential wells with a half-wavelength periodicity. Those external nanoparticles inside the arcs show a correlated motion not only with the linear aligned particles, but also between themselves even both are not directly illuminated. We propose that the particles are optically bound outside the focal spot by the back-scattered light and multi-channel light scattering, forming a dynamic optical binding network.
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46
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Ferrari H, Zapata-Rodríguez CJ, Cuevas M. Giant terahertz pulling force within an evanescent field induced by asymmetric wave coupling into radiative and bound modes. OPTICS LETTERS 2022; 47:4500-4503. [PMID: 36048689 DOI: 10.1364/ol.460202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Manipulation of nano-scale objects by engineering the electromagnetic waves in the environment medium is pivotal for several particle handling techniques using optical resonators, waveguiding, and plasmonic devices. In this Letter, we theoretically demonstrate the possibility of engineering a compact and tunable plasmon-based terahertz (THz) tweezer using a graphene monolayer that is deposited on a high-index dielectric substrate. When a nanoparticle located in a vacuum in the vicinity of the graphene monolayer is illuminated under total internal reflection, as light is launched from the substrate, such a device is shown to be capable of inducing an enhanced rotating dipole in the nanoparticle thus enabling asymmetric, directional near-field coupling into the graphene plasmon mode and the radiative modes in the substrate. As a result of the total momentum conservation, the net force exerted on the particle points in a direction opposite to the pushing scattering force of the exciting evanescent field. Our results can contribute to novel realizations of photonic devices based on polarization-dependent interactions between nanoparticles and electromagnetic mode fields.
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47
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Kiselev A, Achouri K, Martin OJF. Electromagnetic forces in the time domain. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:32215-32229. [PMID: 36242288 DOI: 10.1364/oe.461086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We look beyond the standard time-average approach and investigate optical forces in the time domain. The formalism is developed for both the Abraham and Minkowski momenta, which appear to converge in the time domain. We unveil an extremely rich - and by far unexplored - physics associated with the dynamics of the optical forces, which can even attain negative values over short time intervals or produce low frequency dynamics that can excite mechanical oscillations in macroscopic objects under polychromatic illumination. The magnitude of this beating force is tightly linked to the average one. Implications of this work for transient optomechanics are discussed.
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48
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Yasuhara A, Homma M, Sannomiya T. In Situ Observation of Structural and Optical Changes of Phase-Separated Ag-Cu Nanoparticles during a Dewetting Process via Transmission Electron Microscopy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:35020-35026. [PMID: 35857029 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c08588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Metallic nanoparticles with localized surface plasmon resonance have suitable optical properties for various applications such as optical filters, efficient photocatalysts, and high-sensitivity sensors. Phase-separated plasmonic nanoparticles with heterogeneous metastructures exhibit unique resonance features with separate optical field enhancements in each phase and hot electron transfer across the interface. Hence, interface engineering is crucial, particularly for catalyst applications. In this study, we investigated the evolution of the interface at high temperatures during nanoparticle formation using the dewetting method. We selected a Ag-Cu binary alloy system as a representative case and observed the nanoparticles via in situ transmission electron microscopy using a dedicated specimen heating holder. In situ elemental mapping revealed that the initial as-deposited film, which was composed of core-shell structures with Ag cores and Cu shells, converted into phase-separated Janus nanoparticles through marbled structures. A major structural change was observed at approximately 200 °C, which was in agreement with optical measurements. These results confirmed that the optical properties and metastructures of the phase-separated nanoparticles could be tuned by selecting the appropriate temperature and duration of the heat treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Yasuhara
- JEOL Ltd., 3-1-2 Musashino, Akishima, Tokyo 196-8558, Japan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technologies, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midoriku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Masahiro Homma
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technologies, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midoriku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Takumi Sannomiya
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technologies, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midoriku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
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49
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Lu D, Retama JR, Marin R, Marqués MI, Calderón OG, Melle S, Haro-González P, Jaque D. Thermoresponsive Polymeric Nanolenses Magnify the Thermal Sensitivity of Single Upconverting Nanoparticles. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2202452. [PMID: 35908155 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202202452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Lanthanide-based upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs) are trustworthy workhorses in luminescent nanothermometry. The use of UCNPs-based nanothermometers has enabled the determination of the thermal properties of cell membranes and monitoring of in vivo thermal therapies in real time. However, UCNPs boast low thermal sensitivity and brightness, which, along with the difficulty in controlling individual UCNP remotely, make them less than ideal nanothermometers at the single-particle level. In this work, it is shown how these problems can be elegantly solved using a thermoresponsive polymeric coating. Upon decorating the surface of NaYF4 :Er3+ ,Yb3+ UCNPs with poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM), a >10-fold enhancement in optical forces is observed, allowing stable trapping and manipulation of a single UCNP in the physiological temperature range (20-45 °C). This optical force improvement is accompanied by a significant enhancement of the thermal sensitivity- a maximum value of 8% °C+1 at 32 °C induced by the collapse of PNIPAM. Numerical simulations reveal that the enhancement in thermal sensitivity mainly stems from the high-refractive-index polymeric coating that behaves as a nanolens of high numerical aperture. The results in this work demonstrate how UCNP nanothermometers can be further improved by an adequate surface decoration and open a new avenue toward highly sensitive single-particle nanothermometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dasheng Lu
- Nanomaterials for Bioimaging Group (NanoBIG), Departamento de Física de Materiales, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28049, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Ciencia de Materiales Nicolás Cabrera, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28049, Spain
- Nanomaterials for Bioimaging Group (NanoBIG), Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria, IRYCIS, Ctra. Colmenar km. 9.100, Madrid, 28034, Spain
| | - Jorge Rubio Retama
- Nanomaterials for Bioimaging Group (NanoBIG), Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria, IRYCIS, Ctra. Colmenar km. 9.100, Madrid, 28034, Spain
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Plaza de Ramón y Cajal, s/n, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - Riccardo Marin
- Nanomaterials for Bioimaging Group (NanoBIG), Departamento de Física de Materiales, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28049, Spain
- Nanomaterials for Bioimaging Group (NanoBIG), Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria, IRYCIS, Ctra. Colmenar km. 9.100, Madrid, 28034, Spain
| | - Manuel I Marqués
- Instituto Universitario de Ciencia de Materiales Nicolás Cabrera, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28049, Spain
- Departamento de Física de Materiales and IFIMAC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Oscar G Calderón
- Departamento de Óptica, Facultad de Óptica y Optometría, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, 28037, Spain
| | - Sonia Melle
- Departamento de Óptica, Facultad de Óptica y Optometría, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, 28037, Spain
| | - Patricia Haro-González
- Nanomaterials for Bioimaging Group (NanoBIG), Departamento de Física de Materiales, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28049, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Ciencia de Materiales Nicolás Cabrera, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Daniel Jaque
- Nanomaterials for Bioimaging Group (NanoBIG), Departamento de Física de Materiales, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28049, Spain
- Nanomaterials for Bioimaging Group (NanoBIG), Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria, IRYCIS, Ctra. Colmenar km. 9.100, Madrid, 28034, Spain
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50
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Raj A, Schaich WL, Dragnea B. Orbital dynamics at atmospheric pressure in a lensed dual-beam optical trap. JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA. A, OPTICS, IMAGE SCIENCE, AND VISION 2022; 39:1468-1478. [PMID: 36215592 DOI: 10.1364/josaa.459301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Orbital dynamics of a dielectric microparticle in air using a lensed counter-propagating dual-beam trap was studied experimentally and by numerical simulations. Relationships between the dynamic parameters, trap geometry, and optical power were examined both experimentally and computationally. We found that this scheme can provide narrow bandwidth (δν/ν≈10-3) detection that is at least two orders of magnitude below typical values attainable with previously studied geometries. We predict that this characteristic makes the approach suitable for ultrasensitive in-situ detection of particle mass changes. In our experimental conditions, silica microspheres orbited on trajectories spanning tens of µm, at frequencies of up to ∼2kHz, at atmospheric pressure. With the help of simulations, we briefly discuss how the dual-beam lensed orbital trap approach can be further enhanced to gain unmatched capabilities to measure changes in the physical parameters associated with a particle interacting with its surrounding medium.
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