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Mao C, Poimenidou M, Craig BT. Current Knowledge and Perspectives of Immunotherapies for Neuroblastoma. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2865. [PMID: 39199637 PMCID: PMC11353182 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16162865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2024] [Revised: 08/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NBL) cells highly express disialoganglioside GD2, which is restricted and weakly expressed in selected healthy cells, making it a desirable target of immunotherapy. Over the past two decades, application of dinutuximab, an anti-GD2 monoclonal antibody (mAb), has been one of the few new therapies to substantially improve outcomes to current levels. Given the persistent challenge of relapse and therapeutic resistance, there is an urgent need for new effective and tolerable treatment options for high-risk NBL. Recent breakthroughs in immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapeutics have not translated into high-risk NBL, like many other major pediatric solid tumors. Given the suppressed tumor microenvironment (TME), single ICIs like anti-CTLA4 and anti-PD1 have not demonstrated significant antitumor response rates. Meanwhile, emerging studies are reporting novel advancements in GD2-based therapies, targeted therapies, nanomedicines, and other immunotherapies such as adoptive transfer of natural killer (NK) cells and chimeric antigen receptors (CARs), and these hold interesting promise for the future of high-risk NBL patient care. Herein, we summarize the current state of the art in NBL therapeutic options and highlight the unique challenges posed by NBL that have limited the successful adoption of immune-modifying therapies. Through this review, we aim to direct the field's attention to opportunities that may benefit from a combination immunotherapy strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenkai Mao
- Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA;
- Center for Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA;
| | - Maria Poimenidou
- Center for Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA;
| | - Brian T. Craig
- Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA;
- Center for Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA;
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Polychronopoulos PA, Bedoya-Reina OC, Johnsen JI. The Neuroblastoma Microenvironment, Heterogeneity and Immunotherapeutic Approaches. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1863. [PMID: 38791942 PMCID: PMC11119056 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16101863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is a peripheral nervous system tumor that almost exclusively occurs in young children. Although intensified treatment modalities have led to increased patient survival, the prognosis for patients with high-risk disease is still around 50%, signifying neuroblastoma as a leading cause of cancer-related deaths in children. Neuroblastoma is an embryonal tumor and is shaped by its origin from cells within the neural crest. Hence, neuroblastoma usually presents with a low mutational burden and is, in the majority of cases, driven by epigenetically deregulated transcription networks. The recent development of Omic techniques has given us detailed knowledge of neuroblastoma evolution, heterogeneity, and plasticity, as well as intra- and intercellular molecular communication networks within the neuroblastoma microenvironment. Here, we discuss the potential of these recent discoveries with emphasis on new treatment modalities, including immunotherapies which hold promise for better future treatment regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Alkinoos Polychronopoulos
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet, 11883 Stockholm, Sweden; (P.A.P.); (O.C.B.-R.)
| | - Oscar C. Bedoya-Reina
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet, 11883 Stockholm, Sweden; (P.A.P.); (O.C.B.-R.)
- School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, 70182 Örebro, Sweden
| | - John Inge Johnsen
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet, 11883 Stockholm, Sweden; (P.A.P.); (O.C.B.-R.)
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3
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Zhou Y, Zhang Y, Xu J, Wang Y, Yang Y, Wang W, Gu A, Han B, Shurin GV, Zhong R, Shurin MR, Zhong H. Schwann cell-derived exosomes promote lung cancer progression via miRNA-21-5p. Glia 2024; 72:692-707. [PMID: 38192185 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Schwann cells (SCs), the primary glial cells of the peripheral nervous system, which have been identified in many solid tumors, play an important role in cancer development and progression by shaping the tumor immunoenvironment and supporting the development of metastases. Using different cellular, molecular, and genetic approaches with integrated bioinformatics analysis and functional assays, we revealed the role of human SC-derived exosomal miRNAs in lung cancer progression in vitro and in vivo. We found that exosomal miRNA-21 from SCs up-regulated the proliferation, motility, and invasiveness of human lung cancer cells in vitro, which requires functional Rab small GTPases Rab27A and Rab27B in SCs for exosome release. We also revealed that SC exosomal miRNA-21-5p regulated the functional activation of tumor cells by targeting metalloprotease inhibitor RECK in tumor cells. Integrated bioinformatic analyses showed that hsa-miRNA-21-5p is associated with poor prognosis in patients with lung adenocarcinoma and can promote lung cancer progression through multiple signaling pathways including the MAPK, PI3K/Akt, and TNF signaling. Furthermore, in mouse xenograft models, SC exosomes and SC exosomal hsa-miRNA-21-5p augmented human lung cancer cell growth and lymph node metastasis in vivo. Together our data revealed, for the first time, that SC-secreted exosomes and exosomal miRNA-21-5p promoted the proliferation, motility, and spreading of human lung cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Thus, exosomal miRNA-21 may play an oncogenic role in SC-accelerated progression of lung cancer and this pathway may serve as a new therapeutic target for further evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianlin Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weimin Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Aiqin Gu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Baohui Han
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Galina V Shurin
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Runbo Zhong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Michael R Shurin
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Hua Zhong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Akanda MR, Ahn EJ, Kim YJ, Salam SMA, Noh MG, Kim SS, Jung TY, Kim IY, Kim CH, Lee KH, Moon KS. Different Expression and Clinical Implications of Cancer-Associated Fibroblast (CAF) Markers in Brain Metastases. J Cancer 2023; 14:464-479. [PMID: 36860926 PMCID: PMC9969586 DOI: 10.7150/jca.80115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims: This study assessed the expression and clinical relevance of cancer-asssociated fibroblast (CAF)-related biomarkers in brain metastasis (BM). Moreover, molecular characterization of patient-derived primary CAFs and normal fibroblasts (NFs) was performed. Methods: Sixty-eight patients with BM from various primary cancer types were selected. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and immunofluorescence (IF) staining were performed to evaluate the expression of various CAF-related biomarkers. CAFs and NFs were isolated from fresh tissues. Results: Various CAF-related biomarkers were expressed in CAFs in BMs of different primary cancers. However, only PDGFR-β, α-SMA, and collagen type I were associated with BM size. PDGFR-β and α-SMA were associated with BM recurrence after resection. PDGFR-β was associated with recurrence-free survival (RFS). Interestingly, high expression of PDGFR-β and α-SMA was found in the patients with previous chemotherapy or radiotherapy for primary cancer. In primary cell culture, PDGFR-β and α-SMA were expressed at higher levels in patient-derived CAFs than in NFs or cancer cells. The origins of CAF in BM were presumed to be pericytes of blood vessels, circulating endothelial progenitor cells, or transformed astrocytes of the peritumoral glial stroma. Conclusion: Our results suggest that high expression of CAF-related biomarkers, particularly PDGFR-β and α-SMA, is associated with poor prognosis and recurrence in patients with BM. With the elucidation of the role and origins of CAF in the tumor microenvironment, CAF can be a new imperative target for BM immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Rashedunnabi Akanda
- Department of Pathology, Chonnam National University Research Institute of Medical Science, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital and Medical School, Hwasun, Jeollanam-do, South Korea.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh
| | - Eun-Jung Ahn
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chonnam National University Research Institute of Medical Science, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital and Medical School, Hwasun, Jeollanam-do, South Korea
| | - Yeong Jin Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chonnam National University Research Institute of Medical Science, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital and Medical School, Hwasun, Jeollanam-do, South Korea
| | - S M Abdus Salam
- Department of Pathology, Chonnam National University Research Institute of Medical Science, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital and Medical School, Hwasun, Jeollanam-do, South Korea
| | - Myung-Giun Noh
- Department of Pathology, Chonnam National University Research Institute of Medical Science, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital and Medical School, Hwasun, Jeollanam-do, South Korea
| | - Sung Sun Kim
- Department of Pathology, Chonnam National University Research Institute of Medical Science, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital and Medical School, Hwasun, Jeollanam-do, South Korea
| | - Tae-Young Jung
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chonnam National University Research Institute of Medical Science, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital and Medical School, Hwasun, Jeollanam-do, South Korea
| | - In-Young Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chonnam National University Research Institute of Medical Science, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital and Medical School, Hwasun, Jeollanam-do, South Korea
| | - Chang-Hyun Kim
- Department of Surgery, Chonnam National University Research Institute of Medical Science, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital and Medical School, Hwasun, Jeollanam-do, South Korea
| | - Kyung-Hwa Lee
- Department of Pathology, Chonnam National University Research Institute of Medical Science, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital and Medical School, Hwasun, Jeollanam-do, South Korea.,BioMedical Sciences Graduate Program (BMSGP), Chonnam National University, Hwasun Jeollanam-do, South Korea.,✉ Corresponding authors: Kyung-Sub Moon, Department of Neurosurgery, Chonnam National University Research Institute of Medical Science, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital and Medical School, 322 Seoyang-ro, Hwasun-eup, Hwasun-gun, Jeollanam-do, 58128, South Korea. Tel.: +82-61-379-7666, / Fax: +82-61-379-7673, E-mail: . Kyung-Hwa Lee, Department of Pathology, Chonnam National University Research Institute of Medical Science, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital and Medical School, 322 Seoyang-ro, Hwasun-eup, Hwasun-gun, Jeollanam-do, 58128, South Korea. Tel.: +82-61-379-7050, / Fax: +82-61-379-7099, E-mail:
| | - Kyung-Sub Moon
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chonnam National University Research Institute of Medical Science, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital and Medical School, Hwasun, Jeollanam-do, South Korea.,✉ Corresponding authors: Kyung-Sub Moon, Department of Neurosurgery, Chonnam National University Research Institute of Medical Science, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital and Medical School, 322 Seoyang-ro, Hwasun-eup, Hwasun-gun, Jeollanam-do, 58128, South Korea. Tel.: +82-61-379-7666, / Fax: +82-61-379-7673, E-mail: . Kyung-Hwa Lee, Department of Pathology, Chonnam National University Research Institute of Medical Science, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital and Medical School, 322 Seoyang-ro, Hwasun-eup, Hwasun-gun, Jeollanam-do, 58128, South Korea. Tel.: +82-61-379-7050, / Fax: +82-61-379-7099, E-mail:
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Louault K, Porras T, Lee MH, Muthugounder S, Kennedy RJ, Blavier L, Sarte E, Fernandez GE, Yang F, Pawel BR, Shimada H, Asgharzadeh S, DeClerck YA. Fibroblasts and macrophages cooperate to create a pro-tumorigenic and immune resistant environment via activation of TGF-β/IL-6 pathway in neuroblastoma. Oncoimmunology 2022; 11:2146860. [PMID: 36479153 PMCID: PMC9721439 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2022.2146860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) and their precursor mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) are often detected together in tumors, but how they cooperate is not well understood. Here, we show that TAM and CAF are the most abundant nonmalignant cells and are present together in untreated human neuroblastoma (NB) tumors that are also poorly infiltrated with T and natural killer (NK) cells. We then show that MSC and CAF-MSC harvested from NB tumors protected human monocytes (MN) from spontaneous apoptosis in an interleukin (IL)-6 dependent mechanism. The interactions of MN and MSC with NB cells resulted in a significant induction or increase in the expression of several pro-tumorigenic cytokines/chemokines (TGF-β1, MCP-1, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-4) but not of anti-tumorigenic cytokines (TNF-α, IL-12) by MN or MSC, while also inducing cytokine expression in quiescent NB cells. We then identified a TGF-β1/IL-6 pathway where TGF-β1 stimulated the expression of IL-6 in NB cells and MSC, promoting TAM survival. Evidence for the contribution of TAM and MSC to the activation of this pathway was then provided in xenotransplanted NB tumors and patients with primary tumors by demonstrating a direct correlation between the presence of CAF and p-SMAD2 and p-STAT3. The data highlight a new mechanism of interaction between TAM and CAF supporting their pro-tumorigenic function in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Louault
- Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles and the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Tania Porras
- Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles and the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Meng-Hua Lee
- Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles and the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sakunthala Muthugounder
- Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles and the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Rebekah J. Kennedy
- Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles and the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Laurence Blavier
- Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles and the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Emily Sarte
- Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles and the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - G. Esteban Fernandez
- The Saban Research Institute, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Fusheng Yang
- Department of Pathology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Bruce R. Pawel
- Department of Pathology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Hiroyuki Shimada
- Departments of Pathology and Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Shahab Asgharzadeh
- Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles and the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA,Department of Pathology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yves A. DeClerck
- Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles and the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA,CONTACT Yves A. DeClerck ; Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles and the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA90027, USA
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6
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Single-cell profiling of peripheral neuroblastic tumors identifies an aggressive transitional state that bridges an adrenergic-mesenchymal trajectory. Cell Rep 2022; 41:111455. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Abstract
Purpose of Review The evolving information of the initiation, tumor cell heterogeneity, and plasticity of childhood neuroblastoma has opened up new perspectives for developing therapies based on detailed knowledge of the disease. Recent Findings The cellular origin of neuroblastoma has begun to unravel and there have been several reports on tumor cell heterogeneity based on transcriptional core regulatory circuitries that have given us important information on the biology of neuroblastoma as a developmental disease. This together with new insight of the tumor microenvironment which acts as a support for neuroblastoma growth has given us the prospect for designing better treatment approaches for patients with high-risk neuroblastoma. Here, we discuss these new discoveries and highlight some emerging therapeutic options. Summary Neuroblastoma is a disease with multiple facets. Detailed biological and molecular knowledge on neuroblastoma initiation, heterogeneity, and the communications between cells in the tumor microenvironment holds promise for better therapies.
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Shim J, Goldsmith KC. A New Player in Neuroblastoma: YAP and Its Role in the Neuroblastoma Microenvironment. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13184650. [PMID: 34572875 PMCID: PMC8472533 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13184650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is the most common extra-cranial pediatric solid tumor that accounts for more than 15% of childhood cancer-related deaths. High risk neuroblastomas that recur during or after intense multimodal therapy have a <5% chance at a second sustained remission or cure. The solid tumor microenvironment (TME) has been increasingly recognized to play a critical role in cancer progression and resistance to therapy, including in neuroblastoma. The Yes-Associated Protein (YAP) in the Hippo pathway can regulate cancer proliferation, tumor initiation, and therapy response in many cancer types and as such, its role in the TME has gained interest. In this review, we focus on YAP and its role in neuroblastoma and further describe its demonstrated and potential effects on the neuroblastoma TME. We also discuss the therapeutic strategies for inhibiting YAP in neuroblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Shim
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA;
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Kelly C. Goldsmith
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA;
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-404-727-2655
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Pelosi A, Fiore PF, Di Matteo S, Veneziani I, Caruana I, Ebert S, Munari E, Moretta L, Maggi E, Azzarone B. Pediatric Tumors-Mediated Inhibitory Effect on NK Cells: The Case of Neuroblastoma and Wilms' Tumors. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13102374. [PMID: 34069127 PMCID: PMC8156764 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13102374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Neuroblastoma (NB) and Wilms’ tumor (WT) are the most common childhood solid extracranial tumors. The current treatments consist of a combination of surgery and chemotherapy or radiotherapy in high-risk patients. Such treatments are responsible for significant adverse events requiring long-term monitoring. Thus, a main challenge in NB and WT treatment is the development of novel therapeutic strategies to eliminate or minimize the adverse effects. The characterization of the immune environment could allow for the identification of new therapeutic targets. Herein, we described the interaction between these tumors and innate immune cells, in particular natural killer cells and monocytes. The detection of the immunosuppressive activity of specific NB and WT tumor cells on natural killer cells and on monocytes could offer novel cellular and molecular targets for an effective immunotherapy of NB and WT. Abstract Natural killer (NK) cells play a key role in the control of cancer development, progression and metastatic dissemination. However, tumor cells develop an array of strategies capable of impairing the activation and function of the immune system, including NK cells. In this context, a major event is represented by the establishment of an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) composed of stromal cells, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, tumor-associated macrophages, regulatory T cells and cancer cells themselves. The different immunoregulatory cells infiltrating the TME, through the release of several immunosuppressive molecules or by cell-to-cell interactions, cause an impairment of the recruitment of NK cells and other lymphocytes with effector functions. The different mechanisms by which stromal and tumor cells impair NK cell function have been particularly explored in adult solid tumors and, in less depth, investigated and discussed in a pediatric setting. In this review, we will compare pediatric and adult solid malignancies concerning the respective mechanisms of NK cell inhibition, highlighting novel key data in neuroblastoma and Wilms’ tumor, two of the most frequent pediatric extracranial solid tumors. Indeed, both tumors are characterized by the presence of stromal cells acting through the release of immunosuppressive molecules. In addition, specific tumor cell subsets inhibit NK cell cytotoxic function by cell-to-cell contact mechanisms likely controlled by the transcriptional coactivator TAZ. These findings could lead to a more performant diagnostic approach and to the development of novel immunotherapeutic strategies targeting the identified cellular and molecular targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Pelosi
- Immunology Research Area, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (A.P.); (P.F.F.); (S.D.M.); (I.V.); (L.M.)
| | - Piera Filomena Fiore
- Immunology Research Area, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (A.P.); (P.F.F.); (S.D.M.); (I.V.); (L.M.)
| | - Sabina Di Matteo
- Immunology Research Area, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (A.P.); (P.F.F.); (S.D.M.); (I.V.); (L.M.)
| | - Irene Veneziani
- Immunology Research Area, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (A.P.); (P.F.F.); (S.D.M.); (I.V.); (L.M.)
| | - Ignazio Caruana
- Department of Paediatric Haematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University Children’s Hospital of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; (I.C.); (S.E.)
| | - Stefan Ebert
- Department of Paediatric Haematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University Children’s Hospital of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; (I.C.); (S.E.)
| | - Enrico Munari
- Pathology Unit, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25121 Brescia, Italy;
| | - Lorenzo Moretta
- Immunology Research Area, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (A.P.); (P.F.F.); (S.D.M.); (I.V.); (L.M.)
| | - Enrico Maggi
- Immunology Research Area, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (A.P.); (P.F.F.); (S.D.M.); (I.V.); (L.M.)
- Correspondence: (E.M.); (B.A.)
| | - Bruno Azzarone
- Immunology Research Area, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (A.P.); (P.F.F.); (S.D.M.); (I.V.); (L.M.)
- Correspondence: (E.M.); (B.A.)
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Frosch J, Leontari I, Anderson J. Combined Effects of Myeloid Cells in the Neuroblastoma Tumor Microenvironment. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:1743. [PMID: 33917501 PMCID: PMC8038814 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13071743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite multimodal treatment, survival chances for high-risk neuroblastoma patients remain poor. Immunotherapeutic approaches focusing on the activation and/or modification of host immunity for eliminating tumor cells, such as chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells, are currently in development, however clinical trials have failed to reproduce the preclinical results. The tumor microenvironment is emerging as a major contributor to immune suppression and tumor evasion in solid cancers and thus has to be overcome for therapies relying on a functional immune response. Among the cellular components of the neuroblastoma tumor microenvironment, suppressive myeloid cells have been described as key players in inhibition of antitumor immune responses and have been shown to positively correlate with more aggressive disease, resistance to treatments, and overall poor prognosis. This review article summarizes how neuroblastoma-driven inflammation induces suppressive myeloid cells in the tumor microenvironment and how they in turn sustain the tumor niche through suppressor functions, such as nutrient depletion and generation of oxidative stress. Numerous preclinical studies have suggested a range of drug and cellular therapy approaches to overcome myeloid-derived suppression in neuroblastoma that warrant evaluation in future clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - John Anderson
- UCL Institute of Child Health, Developmental Biology and Cancer Section, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK; (J.F.); (I.L.)
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11
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Quinn CH, Beierle AM, Beierle EA. Artificial Tumor Microenvironments in Neuroblastoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13071629. [PMID: 33915765 PMCID: PMC8037559 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13071629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Children with high-risk neuroblastoma have limited therapeutic options poor survival rates. The neuroblastoma tumor microenvironment contributes the lack of response to many interventions so innovative methods are needed to study the effects of the tumor microenvironment on new therapies. In this manuscript, we review the current literature related to the components of the tumor microenvironment and to the use of three-dimensional printing as modality to study cancer. This review highlights the potential for using three-dimensional printing to create an artificial tumor microenvironment in the presence of neuroblastoma to provide improved preclinical testing of novel therapies. Abstract In the quest to advance neuroblastoma therapeutics, there is a need to have a deeper understanding of the tumor microenvironment (TME). From extracellular matrix proteins to tumor associated macrophages, the TME is a robust and diverse network functioning in symbiosis with the solid tumor. Herein, we review the major components of the TME including the extracellular matrix, cytokines, immune cells, and vasculature that support a more aggressive neuroblastoma phenotype and encumber current therapeutic interventions. Contemporary treatments for neuroblastoma are the result of traditional two-dimensional culture studies and in vivo models that have been translated to clinical trials. These pre-clinical studies are costly, time consuming, and neglect the study of cofounding factors such as the contributions of the TME. Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting has become a novel approach to studying adult cancers and is just now incorporating portions of the TME and advancing to study pediatric solid. We review the methods of 3D bioprinting, how researchers have included TME pieces into the prints, and highlight present studies using neuroblastoma. Ultimately, incorporating the elements of the TME that affect neuroblastoma responses to therapy will improve the development of innovative and novel treatments. The use of 3D bioprinting to achieve this aim will prove useful in developing optimal therapies for children with neuroblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin H. Quinn
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35205, USA;
| | - Andee M. Beierle
- Division of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35205, USA;
| | - Elizabeth A. Beierle
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35205, USA;
- Correspondence:
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12
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Schwann cell plasticity regulates neuroblastic tumor cell differentiation via epidermal growth factor-like protein 8. Nat Commun 2021; 12:1624. [PMID: 33712610 PMCID: PMC7954855 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21859-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Adult Schwann cells (SCs) possess an inherent plastic potential. This plasticity allows SCs to acquire repair-specific functions essential for peripheral nerve regeneration. Here, we investigate whether stromal SCs in benign-behaving peripheral neuroblastic tumors adopt a similar cellular state. We profile ganglioneuromas and neuroblastomas, rich and poor in SC stroma, respectively, and peripheral nerves after injury, rich in repair SCs. Indeed, stromal SCs in ganglioneuromas and repair SCs share the expression of nerve repair-associated genes. Neuroblastoma cells, derived from aggressive tumors, respond to primary repair-related SCs and their secretome with increased neuronal differentiation and reduced proliferation. Within the pool of secreted stromal and repair SC factors, we identify EGFL8, a matricellular protein with so far undescribed function, to act as neuritogen and to rewire cellular signaling by activating kinases involved in neurogenesis. In summary, we report that human SCs undergo a similar adaptive response in two patho-physiologically distinct situations, peripheral nerve injury and tumor development.
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13
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Wei CJ, Gu YH, Wang W, Ren JY, Cui XW, Lian X, Liu J, Wang HJ, Gu B, Li QF, Wang ZC. A narrative review of the role of fibroblasts in the growth and development of neurogenic tumors. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:1462. [PMID: 33313207 PMCID: PMC7723559 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-3218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Neurogenic tumors, a group of tumors arising from neurogenic elements, could theoretically appear in every region of human bodies wherever nerves exist. Patients with these tumors suffer from both physical and psychological problems. However, as a relatively rare tumor type, therapies are relatively scarce for these tumors due to the limited understanding of the underlying mechanisms. Recently, a tailored tumor microenvironment containing multiple types of nonneoplastic cells has been considered to play an essential role in tumor survival, growth, and metastasis. Fibroblasts are a crucial constituent of the tumor microenvironment and have been found to promote tumor growth via multiple mechanisms. However, the understanding of the pivotal role of fibroblasts in the tumorigenesis and development of the neurogenic tumors is still incomplete, and studies in this area show differences in rates of progression among different neurogenic tumor subtypes. Nevertheless, all these neural crest-originated neoplasms show some similarities in the tumor microenvironment, indicating that studies of one subtype of neurogenic tumor might assist in clarifying the underlying mechanisms of other subtypes. This review aims to provide current studies showing the impacts of fibroblasts on major benign/malignant subtypes of neurogenic tumors, including neurofibromatosis type 1, neuroblastomas, pheochromocytomas, and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors. Multiple related mechanisms such as the fibroblasts regulating the tumor inflammation, angiogenesis, metabolism, and microenvironment establishment have been studied up to present. Consistently, we focus on how studies on various subtypes of these neurogenic tumors contribute to the establishment of potential future directions for further studies in this area. Clarifying the underlying mechanisms by which fibroblasts promote the growth and metastasis of neurogenic tumors will indicate new therapeutic targets for further clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Jiang Wei
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Hui Gu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie-Yi Ren
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xi-Wei Cui
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiang Lian
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Liu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui-Jing Wang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Gu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing-Feng Li
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi-Chao Wang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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14
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Blavier L, Yang RM, DeClerck YA. The Tumor Microenvironment in Neuroblastoma: New Players, New Mechanisms of Interaction and New Perspectives. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12102912. [PMID: 33050533 PMCID: PMC7599920 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12102912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The contribution of the tumor microenvironment (TME) to cancer progression has been well recognized in recent decades. As cancer therapeutic strategies are increasingly precise and include immunotherapies, knowledge of the nature and function of the TME in a tumor becomes essential. Our understanding of the TME in neuroblastoma (NB), the second most common solid tumor in children, has significantly progressed from an initial focus on its Schwannian component to a better awareness of its complex nature, which includes not only immune but also non-immune cells such as cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), the contribution of which to inflammation and interaction with tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) is now recognized. Recent studies on the TME landscape of NB tumors also suggest significant differences between MYCN-amplified (MYCN-A) and non-amplified (MYCN-NA) tumors, in their content in stromal and inflammatory cells and their immunosuppressive activity. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by cells in the TME and microRNAs (miRs) present in their cargo could play important roles in the communication between NB cells and the TME. This review article discusses these new aspects of the TME in NB and the impact that information on the TME landscape in NB will have in the design of precise, biomarker-integrated clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurence Blavier
- The Saban Research Institute, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; (L.B.); (R.-M.Y.)
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Ren-Ming Yang
- The Saban Research Institute, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; (L.B.); (R.-M.Y.)
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Yves A. DeClerck
- The Saban Research Institute, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; (L.B.); (R.-M.Y.)
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-323-382-5548 or +1-323-361-5648
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15
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Joshi S. Targeting the Tumor Microenvironment in Neuroblastoma: Recent Advances and Future Directions. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2057. [PMID: 32722460 PMCID: PMC7465822 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common pediatric tumor malignancy that originates from the neural crest and accounts for more than 15% of all the childhood deaths from cancer. The neuroblastoma cancer research has long been focused on the role of MYCN oncogene amplification and the contribution of other genetic alterations in the progression of this malignancy. However, it is now widely accepted that, not only tumor cells, but the components of tumor microenvironment (TME), including extracellular matrix, stromal cells and immune cells, also contribute to tumor progression in neuroblastoma. The complexity of different components of tumor stroma and their resemblance with surrounding normal tissues pose huge challenges for therapies targeting tumor microenvironment in NB. Hence, the detailed understanding of the composition of the TME of NB is crucial to improve existing and future potential immunotherapeutic approaches against this childhood cancer. In this review article, I will discuss different components of the TME of NB and the recent advances in the strategies, which are used to target the tumor microenvironment in neuroblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Joshi
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0815, USA
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16
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McNerney KO, Karageorgos SA, Hogarty MD, Bassiri H. Enhancing Neuroblastoma Immunotherapies by Engaging iNKT and NK Cells. Front Immunol 2020; 11:873. [PMID: 32457760 PMCID: PMC7225357 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common extracranial solid tumor in children and, in the high-risk group, has a 5-year mortality rate of ~50%. The high mortality rate and significant treatment-related morbidities associated with current standard of care therapies belie the critical need for more tolerable and effective treatments for this disease. While the monoclonal antibody dinutuximab has demonstrated the potential for immunotherapy to improve overall NB outcomes, the 5-year overall survival of high-risk patients has not yet substantially changed. The frequency and type of invariant natural killer T cells (iNKTs) and natural killer cells (NKs) has been associated with improved outcomes in several solid and liquid malignancies, including NB. Indeed, iNKTs and NKs inhibit tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) and myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), kill cancer stem cells (CSCs) and neuroblasts, and robustly secrete cytokines to recruit additional immune effectors. These capabilities, and promising pre-clinical and early clinical data suggest that iNKT- and NK-based therapies may hold promise as both stand-alone and combination treatments for NB. In this review we will summarize the biologic features of iNKTs and NKs that confer advantages for NB immunotherapy, discuss the barriers imposed by the NB tumor microenvironment, and examine the current state of such therapies in pre-clinical models and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin O McNerney
- Division of Oncology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Spyridon A Karageorgos
- School of Medicine, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Michael D Hogarty
- Division of Oncology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Hamid Bassiri
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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17
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Marayati R, Quinn CH, Beierle EA. Immunotherapy in Pediatric Solid Tumors-A Systematic Review. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:E2022. [PMID: 31847387 PMCID: PMC6966467 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11122022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Revised: 12/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite advances in the treatment of many pediatric solid tumors, children with aggressive and high-risk disease continue to have a dismal prognosis. For those presenting with metastatic or recurrent disease, multiple rounds of intensified chemotherapy and radiation are the typical course of action, but more often than not, this fails to control the progression of the disease. Thus, new therapeutics are desperately needed to improve the outcomes for these children. Recent advances in our understanding of both the immune system's biology and its interaction with tumors have led to the development of novel immunotherapeutics as alternative treatment options for these aggressive malignancies. Immunotherapeutic approaches have shown promising results for pediatric solid tumors in early clinical trials, but challenges remain concerning safety and anti-tumor efficacy. In this review, we aim to discuss and summarize the main classes of immunotherapeutics used to treat pediatric solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Elizabeth A. Beierle
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (R.M.); (C.H.Q.)
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18
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Exploring Cancer Cell Behavior In Vitro in Three-Dimensional Multicellular Bioprintable Collagen-Based Hydrogels. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11020180. [PMID: 30764492 PMCID: PMC6406373 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11020180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In vitro cancer 3D models are valuable tools to provide mechanistic insight into solid tumor growth, invasion, and drug delivery. The 3D spheroid model of solid tumors has been the most popular cancer model in use until now. However, previous studies have shown that these spheroid models lack sufficient morphological parameters, which may affect their response to chemicals. In this work, we proposed the fabrication of miniaturized 3D cancer models using collagen type I-based bioprintable bioinks. In the context of a mimicking model for advanced neuroblastoma studies, we showed that cancer cells contained in bioprintable bioinks formed Homer Wright-like rosettes, maintained their proliferative capacities and produced an equivalent Vimentin-rich matrix unlike that of non-bioprintable bioinks which made for poorer models. In addition, bioprintable bioinks were successfully bioprinted as compartmentalized 3D models in the centimeter scale, which was not feasible using non-bioprintable bioinks. In contrast to non-bioprintable hydrogels, we did not observe contraction in their bioprintable counterparts, which is an advantage for prospective 3D bioprinted models that should attain stable rheological and mechanical properties after bioprinting. By adopting this proposed system for the use of patient-derived primary tumor cells, the approach could be introduced as a first line strategy in precision medicine for testing the response of neuroblastoma cells to drugs, especially when disease progresses rapidly or patients do not respond to actual therapy regimens.
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19
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Larsson K, Kock A, Kogner P, Jakobsson PJ. Targeting the COX/mPGES-1/PGE 2 Pathway in Neuroblastoma. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1161:89-100. [PMID: 31562624 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-21735-8_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The importance of prostaglandin E2 in cancer progression is well established, but research on its role in cancer has so far mostly been focused on epithelial cancer in adults while the knowledge about the contribution of prostaglandin E2 to childhood malignancies is limited. Neuroblastoma, an extracranial solid tumor of the sympathetic nervous system, mainly affects young children. Patients with tumors classified as high-risk have poor survival despite receiving intensive treatment, illustrating a need for new treatments complimenting existing ones. The basis of neuroblastoma treatment e.g. chemotherapy and radiation therapy, target the proliferating genetically unstable tumor cells leading to treatment resistance and relapses. The tumor microenvironment is an avenue, still to a great extent, unexplored and lacking effective targeted therapies. Cancer-associated fibroblasts is the main source of prostaglandin E2 in neuroblastoma contributing to angiogenesis, immunosuppression and tumor growth. Prostaglandin E2 is formed from its precursor arachidonic acid in a two-step enzymatic reaction. Arachidonic acid is first converted by cyclooxygenases into prostaglandin H2 and then further converted by microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 into prostaglandin E2. We believe targeting of microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 in cancer-associated fibroblasts will be an effective future therapeutic strategy in fighting neuroblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Larsson
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Anna Kock
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per Kogner
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per-Johan Jakobsson
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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20
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Ma X, Yang Y, Wang Z, Sun W, Zhang D, Wu B, Wu H, Lu Z, Cui P. Surgical removal of adult recurrent neuroblastoma located in the posterior mediastinum and retroperitoneum: A case report. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e13642. [PMID: 30558057 PMCID: PMC6320002 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000013642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Adult recurrent neuroblastoma is extremely rare, especially in the posterior mediastinum and retroperitoneal cavity. The surgical treatment of this special part of the tumor is also a clinical difficulty. PATIENT CONCERNS This study reports a case of a 24-year-old man with a history of treated posterior mediastinal neuroblastoma. Enhanced computed tomography found a heterogeneously enhancing mass occupying the retroperitoneal and posterior mediastinum, and the initial impression was recurrent neuroblastoma. DIAGNOSES The patient was diagnosed with recurrent neuroblastoma based on his medical history and histopathological results. INTERVENTIONS The young adult underwent radical resection of recurrent neuroblastoma in posterior mediastinum and retroperitoneum through thoracoabdominal incision. OUTCOMES The young patient recovered to normal within 10 days after surgery and had no relapse for following-up 12 months. LESSONS Despite the difficulty of surgery, it is feasible to remove the tumor in the posterior mediastinum and retroperitoneal cavity safely.
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21
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Linares-Clemente P, Aguilar-Morante D, Rodríguez-Prieto I, Ramírez G, de Torres C, Santamaría V, Pascual-Vaca D, Colmenero-Repiso A, Vega FM, Mora J, Cabello R, Márquez C, Rivas E, Pardal R. Neural crest derived progenitor cells contribute to tumor stroma and aggressiveness in stage 4/M neuroblastoma. Oncotarget 2017; 8:89775-89792. [PMID: 29163787 PMCID: PMC5685708 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Pediatric tumors arise upon oncogenic transformation of stem/progenitor cells during embryonic development. Given this scenario, the existence of non-tumorigenic stem cells included within the aberrant tumoral niche, with a potential role in tumor biology, is an intriguing and unstudied possibility. Here, we describe the presence and function of non-tumorigenic neural crest-derived progenitor cells in aggressive neuroblastoma (NB) tumors. These cells differentiate into neural crest typical mesectodermal derivatives, giving rise to tumor stroma and promoting proliferation and tumor aggressiveness. Furthermore, an analysis of gene expression profiles in stage 4/M NB revealed a neural crest stem cell (NCSC) gene signature that was associated to stromal phenotype and high probability of relapse. Thus, this NCSC gene expression signature could be used in prognosis to improve stratification of stage 4/M NB tumors. Our results might facilitate the design of new therapies by targeting NCSCs and their contribution to tumor stroma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Linares-Clemente
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Departamento de Fisiología Médica y Biofísica, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Diana Aguilar-Morante
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Departamento de Fisiología Médica y Biofísica, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Ismael Rodríguez-Prieto
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Departamento de Fisiología Médica y Biofísica, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Gema Ramírez
- Departamento de Oncología Pediátrica, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Carmen de Torres
- Departamento de Oncología, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vicente Santamaría
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Departamento de Fisiología Médica y Biofísica, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain.,Departamento de Oncología Pediátrica, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Diego Pascual-Vaca
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Departamento de Fisiología Médica y Biofísica, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain.,Departamento de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Ana Colmenero-Repiso
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Departamento de Fisiología Médica y Biofísica, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Francisco M Vega
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Departamento de Fisiología Médica y Biofísica, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Jaume Mora
- Departamento de Oncología, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosa Cabello
- Departamento de Cirugía Pediátrica, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Catalina Márquez
- Departamento de Oncología Pediátrica, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Eloy Rivas
- Departamento de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Ricardo Pardal
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Departamento de Fisiología Médica y Biofísica, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
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22
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Borriello L, Nakata R, Sheard MA, Fernandez GE, Sposto R, Malvar J, Blavier L, Shimada H, Asgharzadeh S, Seeger RC, DeClerck YA. Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Share Characteristics and Protumorigenic Activity with Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. Cancer Res 2017; 77:5142-5157. [PMID: 28687621 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-2586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Revised: 04/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) have been suggested to originate from mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC), but their relationship with MSCs is not clear. Here, we have isolated from primary human neuroblastoma tumors a population of αFAP- and FSP-1-expressing CAFs that share phenotypic and functional characteristics with bone marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSC). Analysis of human neuroblastoma tumors also confirmed the presence of αFAP- and FSP-1-positive cells in the tumor stroma, and their presence correlated with that of M2 tumor-associated macrophages. These cells (designated CAF-MSCs) enhanced in vitro neuroblastoma cell proliferation, survival, and resistance to chemotherapy and stimulated neuroblastoma tumor engraftment and growth in immunodeficient mice, indicating an effect independent of the immune system. The protumorigenic activity of MSCs in vitro and in xenografted mice was dependent on the coactivation of JAK2/STAT3 and MEK/ERK1/2 in neuroblastoma cells. In a mouse model of orthotopically implanted neuroblastoma cells, inhibition of JAK2/STAT3 and MEK/ERK/1/2 by ruxolitinib and trametinib potentiated tumor response to etoposide and increased overall survival. These data point to a new type of protumorigenic CAF in the tumor microenvironment of neuroblastoma and to STAT3 and ERK1/2 as mediators of their activity. Cancer Res; 77(18); 5142-57. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Borriello
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.,Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.,The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Rie Nakata
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.,Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.,The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Michael A Sheard
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.,Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.,The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - G Esteban Fernandez
- The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Richard Sposto
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.,Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.,The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.,Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Jemily Malvar
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.,Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.,The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Laurence Blavier
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.,Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.,The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Hiroyuki Shimada
- The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.,Department of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Shahab Asgharzadeh
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.,Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.,The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.,Department of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Robert C Seeger
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.,Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.,The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Yves A DeClerck
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California. .,Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.,The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
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23
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Hashimoto O, Yoshida M, Koma YI, Yanai T, Hasegawa D, Kosaka Y, Nishimura N, Yokozaki H. Collaboration of cancer-associated fibroblasts and tumour-associated macrophages for neuroblastoma development. J Pathol 2016; 240:211-23. [PMID: 27425378 PMCID: PMC5095779 DOI: 10.1002/path.4769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Revised: 06/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid tumour in children and is histologically classified by its Schwannian stromal cells. Although having fewer Schwannian stromal cells is generally associated with more aggressive phenotypes, the exact roles of other stromal cells (mainly macrophages and fibroblasts) are unclear. Here, we examined 41 cases of neuroblastoma using immunohistochemistry for the tumour-associated macrophage (TAM) markers CD68, CD163, and CD204, and a cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF) marker, alpha smooth muscle actin (αSMA). Each case was assigned to low/high groups on the basis of the number of TAMs or three groups on the basis of the αSMA-staining area for CAFs. Both the number of TAMs and the area of CAFs were significantly correlated with clinical stage, MYCN amplification, bone marrow metastasis, histological classification, histological type, and risk classification. Furthermore, TAM settled in the vicinity of the CAF area, suggesting their close interaction within the tumour microenvironment. We next determined the effects of conditioned medium of a neuroblastoma cell line (NBCM) on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) and peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC)-derived macrophages in vitro. The TAM markers CD163 and CD204 were significantly up-regulated in PBMC-derived macrophages treated with NBCM. The expression of αSMA by BM-MSCs was increased in NBCM-treated cells. Co-culturing with CAF-like BM-MSCs did not enhance the invasive ability but supported the proliferation of tumour cells, whereas tumour cells co-cultured with TAM-like macrophages had the opposite effect. Intriguingly, TAM-like macrophages enhanced not only the invasive abilities of tumour cells and BM-MSCs but also the proliferation of BM-MSCs. CXCL2 secreted from TAM-like macrophages plays an important role in tumour invasiveness. Taken together, these results indicate that PBMC-derived macrophages and BM-MSCs are recruited to a tumour site and activated into TAMs and CAFs, respectively, followed by the formation of favourable environments for neuroblastoma progression. © 2016 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Okito Hashimoto
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Makiko Yoshida
- Department of Pathology, Kobe Children's Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yu-Ichiro Koma
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tomoko Yanai
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Kobe Children's Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - Daiichiro Hasegawa
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Kobe Children's Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Kosaka
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Kobe Children's Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Nishimura
- Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yokozaki
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan.
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24
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Neuroblastoma patient-derived orthotopic xenografts reflect the microenvironmental hallmarks of aggressive patient tumours. Cancer Lett 2016; 375:384-389. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2016.02.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Revised: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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25
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Garner EF, Beierle EA. Cancer Stem Cells and Their Interaction with the Tumor Microenvironment in Neuroblastoma. Cancers (Basel) 2015; 8:cancers8010005. [PMID: 26729169 PMCID: PMC4728452 DOI: 10.3390/cancers8010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2015] [Revised: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma, a solid tumor arising from neural crest cells, accounts for over 15% of all pediatric cancer deaths. The interaction of neuroblastoma cancer-initiating cells with their microenvironment likely plays an integral role in the maintenance of resistant disease and tumor relapse. In this review, we discuss the interaction between neuroblastoma cancer-initiating cells and the elements of the tumor microenvironment and how these interactions may provide novel therapeutic targets for this difficult to treat disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan F Garner
- Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA.
| | - Elizabeth A Beierle
- Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA.
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26
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Borriello L, Seeger RC, Asgharzadeh S, DeClerck YA. More than the genes, the tumor microenvironment in neuroblastoma. Cancer Lett 2015; 380:304-14. [PMID: 26597947 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Revised: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is the second most common solid tumor in children. Since the seminal discovery of the role of amplification of the MYCN oncogene in the pathogenesis of neuroblastoma in the 1980s, much focus has been on the contribution of genetic alterations in the progression of this cancer. However it is now clear that not only genetic events play a role but that the tumor microenvironment (TME) substantially contributes to the biology of neuroblastoma. In this article, we present a comprehensive review of the literature on the contribution of the TME to the ten hallmarks of cancer in neuroblastoma and discuss the mechanisms of communication between neuroblastoma cells and the TME that underlie the influence of the TME on neuroblastoma progression. We end our review by discussing how the knowledge acquired over the last two decades in this field is now leading to new clinical trials targeting the TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Borriello
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA
| | - Robert C Seeger
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA
| | - Shahab Asgharzadeh
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA
| | - Yves A DeClerck
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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27
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COX/mPGES-1/PGE2 pathway depicts an inflammatory-dependent high-risk neuroblastoma subset. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:8070-5. [PMID: 26080408 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1424355112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The majority of solid tumors are presented with an inflammatory microenvironment. Proinflammatory lipid mediators including prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) contribute to the establishment of inflammation and have been linked to tumor growth and aggressiveness. Here we show that high-risk neuroblastoma with deletion of chromosome 11q represents an inflammatory subset of neuroblastomas. Analysis of enzymes involved in the production of proinflammatory lipid mediators showed that 11q-deleted neuroblastoma tumors express high levels of microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 (mPGES-1) and elevated levels of PGE2. High mPGES-1 expression also corresponded to poor survival of neuroblastoma patients. Investigation of the tumor microenvironment showed high infiltration of tumor-promoting macrophages with high expression of the M2-polarization markers CD163 and CD206. mPGES-1-expressing cells in tumors from different subtypes of neuroblastoma showed differential expression of one or several cancer-associated fibroblast markers such as vimentin, fibroblast activation protein α, α smooth muscle actin, and PDGF receptor β. Importantly, inhibition of PGE2 production with diclofenac, a nonselective COX inhibitor, resulted in reduced tumor growth in an in vivo model of 11q-deleted neuroblastoma. Collectively, these results suggest that PGE2 is involved in the tumor microenvironment of specific neuroblastoma subgroups and indicate that therapeutic strategies using existing anti-inflammatory drugs in combination with current treatment should be considered for certain neuroblastomas.
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28
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Czarnecka M, Trinh E, Lu C, Kuan-Celarier A, Galli S, Hong SH, Tilan JU, Talisman N, Izycka-Swieszewska E, Tsuei J, Yang C, Martin S, Horton M, Christian D, Everhart L, Maheswaran I, Kitlinska J. Neuropeptide Y receptor Y5 as an inducible pro-survival factor in neuroblastoma: implications for tumor chemoresistance. Oncogene 2014; 34:3131-43. [PMID: 25132261 PMCID: PMC4333135 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2014.253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2014] [Revised: 05/19/2014] [Accepted: 06/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is a pediatric tumor of neural crest origin with heterogeneous phenotypes. While low stage tumors carry a favorable prognosis, over 50% of high risk NB relapses after treatment with a fatal outcome. Thus, developing therapies targeting refractory NB remains an unsolved clinical problem. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its TrkB receptor are known to protect NB cells from chemotherapy-induced cell death, while neuropeptide Y (NPY), acting via its Y2 receptor (Y2R), is an autocrine proliferative and angiogenic factor crucial for maintaining NB tumor growth. Here, we show that in NB cells, BDNF stimulates the synthesis of NPY and induces expression of another one of its receptors, Y5R. In human NB tissues, the expression of NPY and Y5R positively correlated with the expression of BDNF and TrkB. Functionally, BDNF triggered Y5R internalization in NB cells, while Y5R antagonist inhibited BDNF-induced p44/42-MAPK activation and its pro-survival activity. These observations suggested TrkB-Y5R transactivation that resulted in cross-talk between their signaling pathways. Additionally, NPY and Y5R were up-regulated in a BDNF-independent manner in NB cells under pro-apoptotic conditions, such as serum deprivation and chemotherapy, as well as in cell lines and tissues derived from post-treatment NB tumors. Blocking Y5R in chemoresistant NB cells rich in this receptor sensitized them to chemotherapy-induced apoptosis and inhibited their growth in vivo by augmenting cell death. In summary, the NPY/Y5R axis is an inducible survival pathway activated in NB by BDNF or cellular stress. Upon such activation, Y5R augments the pro-survival effect of BDNF via its interactions with TrkB receptor and exerts an additional BDNF-independent anti-apoptotic effect, both of which contribute to NB chemoresistance. Therefore, the NPY/Y5R pathway may become a novel therapeutic target for patients with refractory NB, thus far an incurable form of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Czarnecka
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - E Trinh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - C Lu
- McGovern Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, MA, USA
| | - A Kuan-Celarier
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - S Galli
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - S-H Hong
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - J U Tilan
- 1] Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Health Studies, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA [2] Department of Human Science, School of Nursing and Health Studies, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - N Talisman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - E Izycka-Swieszewska
- Department of Pathology and Neuropathology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - J Tsuei
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - C Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - S Martin
- Department of Human Science, School of Nursing and Health Studies, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - M Horton
- Department of Human Science, School of Nursing and Health Studies, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - D Christian
- Department of Human Science, School of Nursing and Health Studies, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - L Everhart
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - I Maheswaran
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - J Kitlinska
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
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29
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Villamón E, Piqueras M, Meseguer J, Blanquer I, Berbegall AP, Tadeo I, Hernández V, Navarro S, Noguera R. NeuPAT: an intranet database supporting translational research in neuroblastic tumors. Comput Biol Med 2013; 43:219-28. [PMID: 23290604 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2012.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2012] [Revised: 11/08/2012] [Accepted: 11/22/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Translational research in oncology is directed mainly towards establishing a better risk stratification and searching for appropriate therapeutic targets. This research generates a tremendous amount of complex clinical and biological data needing speedy and effective management. The authors describe the design, implementation and early experiences of a computer-aided system for the integration and management of data for neuroblastoma patients. NeuPAT facilitates clinical and translational research, minimizes the workload in consolidating the information, reduces errors and increases correlation of data through extensive coding. This design can also be applied to other tumor types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Villamón
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, University of Valencia, and Research Foundation of Hospital Clínico Universitario of Valencia, Valencia 46010, Spain
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30
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Ribatti D. Anti-angiogenesis in neuroblastoma. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2012; 86:212-21. [PMID: 23273512 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2012.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2012] [Revised: 11/05/2012] [Accepted: 11/14/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The nature of the angiogenic balance in neuroblastoma is complex, and a spectrum of angiogenesis stimulators and inhibitors have been detected in neuroblastoma tumours. The complex relationships between angiogenic cascade and anti-angiogenic agents in the tumour vascular phase have indicated that anti-angiogenesis can be considered as a strategy for the adjuvant therapy of neuroblastoma. The major goal is to establish if inhibition of angiogenesis is a realistic therapeutic strategy for inhibiting tumour cell dissemination and the formation of metastasis in neuroblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Ribatti
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, Section of Human Anatomy and Histology, University of Bari, Bari, Italy.
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31
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ER-activating ability of breast cancer stromal fibroblasts is regulated independently of alteration of TP53 and PTEN tumor suppressor genes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2012; 428:259-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2012] [Accepted: 10/04/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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32
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Fuchs D, Rodriguez A, Eriksson S, Christofferson R, Sundberg C, Azarbayjani F. Metronomic administration of the drug GMX1777, a cellular NAD synthesis inhibitor, results in neuroblastoma regression and vessel maturation without inducing drug resistance. Int J Cancer 2010; 126:2773-89. [PMID: 20112275 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.25206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
High-risk neuroblastoma is a rapidly growing tumor with a survival rate below 50%. A new treatment strategy is to administer chemotherapeutic drugs metronomically, i.e., at lower doses and frequent intervals. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of GMX1777, a chemotherapeutic drug affecting cellular energy metabolism, in a mouse model for high-risk neuroblastoma. Female SCID mice were injected s.c. with MYCN-amplified human neuroblastoma cells and randomized to either treatment with GMX1777 or vehicle. In some animals, treatment was discontinued allowing tumor relapse. Treatment response was evaluated using the pediatric preclinical testing program (PPTP). Immunohistochemistry and qRT-PCR was performed on tumor cryosections to investigate the microscopic and molecular changes in tumors in response to GMX1777. Despite an increase in vessel density, tumor regression and a high group response score according to PPTP criteria was induced by GMX1777 without inducing drug resistance. Treatment resulted in inhibition of tumor cell proliferation, vessel maturation, reduced hypoxia, increased infiltration of MHC class II negative macrophages and expansion of the nonvascular stromal compartment. Decreased stromal VEGF-A and PDGF-B mRNA in response to treatment together with the structural data suggest a "deactivation" or "silencing" of the tumor stroma as a paracrine entity. In conclusion, GMX1777 was highly efficient against high-risk neuroblastoma xenografts through modulation of both the tumor cell and stromal compartment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dieter Fuchs
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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33
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Fibroblast nemosis induces angiogenic responses of endothelial cells. Exp Cell Res 2010; 316:826-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2009.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2009] [Revised: 11/06/2009] [Accepted: 11/17/2009] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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34
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Farini A, Razini P, Erratico S, Torrente Y, Meregalli M. Cell based therapy for Duchenne muscular dystrophy. J Cell Physiol 2009; 221:526-34. [PMID: 19688776 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.21895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Mutations in the dystrophin gene cause an X-linked genetic disorder: Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Stem cell therapy is an attractive method to treat DMD because a small number of cells are required to obtain a therapeutic effect. Here, we discussed about multiple types of myogenic stem cells and their possible use to treat DMD. The identification of a stem cell population providing efficient muscle regeneration is critical for the progression of cell therapy for DMD. We speculated that the most promising possibility for the treatment of DMD is a combination of different approaches, such as gene and stem cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Farini
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Neurological Science, Centro Dino Ferrari, University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico Mangiagalli Regina Elena, Italy
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