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Katoh Y, Kubo A, Hayashi N, Sugi T, Katoh K, Udagawa S, Ogawa T, Iwata T, Nishio H, Sugawara M, Hirai S, Kawana K. Serum levels of stearic and dihomo-γ-linolenic acids can be used to diagnose cervical cancer and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. Sci Rep 2024; 14:20833. [PMID: 39242718 PMCID: PMC11379889 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-71606-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite widespread cervical cancer (CC) screening programs, low participation has led to high morbidity and mortality rates, especially in developing countries. Because early-stage CC often has no symptoms, a non-invasive and convenient diagnostic method is needed to improve disease detection. In this study, we developed a new approach for differentiating both CC and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN)2/3, a precancerous lesion, from healthy individuals by exploring CC fatty acid metabolic reprogramming. Analysis of public datasets suggested that various fatty acid metabolizing enzymes were expressed at higher levels in CC tissues than in normal tissues. Correspondingly, 11 free fatty acids (FFAs) showed significantly different serum levels in CC patient samples compared with healthy donor samples. Nine of these 11 FFAs also displayed significant alterations in CIN2/3 patients. We then generated diagnostic models using combinations of these FFAs, with the optimal model including stearic and dihomo-γ-linolenic acids. Receiver operating characteristic curve analyses suggested that this diagnostic model could detect CC and CIN2/3 more accurately than using serum squamous cell carcinoma antigen level. In addition, the diagnostic model using FFAs was able to detect patients regardless of clinical stage or histological type. Overall, the serum FFA diagnostic model developed in this study could be a powerful new tool for the non-invasive early detection of CC and CIN2/3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Katoh
- Division of Anatomical Science, Department of Functional Morphology, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1 Ohyaguchi-Kami-Cho, Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo, 173-8610, Japan.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-Machi, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.
| | - Akiko Kubo
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Related, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-Cho, Chuo-Ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Nobuki Hayashi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1 Ohyaguchi-Kami-Cho, Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo, 173-8610, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Sugi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1 Ohyaguchi-Kami-Cho, Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo, 173-8610, Japan
| | - Kanoko Katoh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1 Ohyaguchi-Kami-Cho, Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo, 173-8610, Japan
| | - Seiichi Udagawa
- Mathematics Section, Division of Natural Sciences, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1 Ohyaguchi-Kami-Cho, Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo, 173-8610, Japan
| | - Tadashi Ogawa
- Department of Legal Medicine, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1195, Japan
| | - Takashi Iwata
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-Machi, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nishio
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-Machi, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Masaki Sugawara
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-Machi, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Shuichi Hirai
- Division of Anatomical Science, Department of Functional Morphology, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1 Ohyaguchi-Kami-Cho, Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo, 173-8610, Japan
| | - Kei Kawana
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1 Ohyaguchi-Kami-Cho, Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo, 173-8610, Japan
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2
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Delgado-Coka LA, Roa-Peña L, Babu S, Horowitz M, Petricoin EF, Matrisian LM, Blais EM, Marchenko N, Allard FD, Akalin A, Jiang W, Larson BK, Hendifar AE, Picozzi VJ, Choi M, Shroyer KR, Escobar-Hoyos LF. Keratin 17 is a prognostic and predictive biomarker in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Am J Clin Pathol 2024; 162:314-326. [PMID: 38642081 PMCID: PMC11369068 DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqae038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the role of keratin 17 (K17) as a predictive biomarker for response to chemotherapy by defining thresholds of K17 expression based on immunohistochemical tests that could be used to optimize therapeutic intervention for patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). METHODS We profiled K17 expression, a hallmark of the basal molecular subtype of PDAC, by immunohistochemistry in 2 cohorts of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded PDACs (n = 305). We determined a K17 threshold of expression to optimize prognostic stratification according to the lowest Akaike information criterion and explored the potential relationship between K17 and chemoresistance by multivariate predictive analyses. RESULTS Patients with advanced-stage, low K17 PDACs treated using 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-based chemotherapeutic regimens had 3-fold longer survival than corresponding cases treated with gemcitabine-based chemotherapy. By contrast, PDACs with high K17 did not respond to either regimen. The predictive value of K17 was independent of tumor mutation status and other clinicopathologic variables. CONCLUSIONS The detection of K17 in 10% or greater of PDAC cells identified patients with shortest survival. Among patients with low K17 PDACs, 5-FU-based treatment was more likely than gemcitabine-based therapies to extend survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyanne A Delgado-Coka
- Departments of Pathology
- Departments of Preventative Medicine, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, US
| | - Lucia Roa-Peña
- Departments of Pathology
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | | | - Emanuel F Petricoin
- Center for Applied Proteomics and Molecular Medicine, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, US
- Perthera, McLean, VA, US
| | - Lynn M Matrisian
- Scientific and Medical Affairs, Pancreatic Cancer Action Network, Manhattan Beach, CA, US
| | | | | | - Felicia D Allard
- Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, US
| | - Ali Akalin
- Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Memorial Medical Center, Worcester, MA, US
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, US
| | - Brent K Larson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, US
| | - Andrew E Hendifar
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, US
| | | | | | | | - Luisa F Escobar-Hoyos
- Departments of Pathology
- Departments of Therapeutic Radiology
- Departments of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, US
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3
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Romashin DD, Tolstova TV, Varshaver AM, Kozhin PM, Rusanov AL, Luzgina NG. Keratins 6, 16, and 17 in Health and Disease: A Summary of Recent Findings. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:8627-8641. [PMID: 39194725 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46080508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Keratins 6, 16, and 17 occupy unique positions within the keratin family. These proteins are not commonly found in the healthy, intact epidermis, but their expression increases in response to damage, inflammation, and hereditary skin conditions, as well as cancerous cell transformations and tumor growth. As a result, there is an active investigation into the potential use of these proteins as biomarkers for different pathologies. Recent studies have revealed the role of these keratins in regulating keratinocyte migration, proliferation, and growth, and more recently, their nuclear functions, including their role in maintaining nuclear structure and responding to DNA damage, have also been identified. This review aims to summarize the latest research on keratins 6, 16, and 17, their regulation in the epidermis, and their potential use as biomarkers in various skin conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Peter M Kozhin
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow 119121, Russia
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4
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Nevarez AJ, Mudla A, Diaz SA, Hao N. Using deep learning to decipher the impact of telomerase promoter mutations on the dynamic metastatic morpholome. PLoS Comput Biol 2024; 20:e1012271. [PMID: 39078811 PMCID: PMC11288469 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1012271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Melanoma showcases a complex interplay of genetic alterations and intra- and inter-cellular morphological changes during metastatic transformation. While pivotal, the role of specific mutations in dictating these changes still needs to be fully elucidated. Telomerase promoter mutations (TERTp mutations) significantly influence melanoma's progression, invasiveness, and resistance to various emerging treatments, including chemical inhibitors, telomerase inhibitors, targeted therapy, and immunotherapies. We aim to understand the morphological and phenotypic implications of the two dominant monoallelic TERTp mutations, C228T and C250T, enriched in melanoma metastasis. We developed isogenic clonal cell lines containing the TERTp mutations and utilized dual-color expression reporters steered by the endogenous Telomerase promoter, giving us allelic resolution. This approach allowed us to monitor morpholomic variations induced by these mutations. TERTp mutation-bearing cells exhibited significant morpholome differences from their wild-type counterparts, with increased allele expression patterns, augmented wound-healing rates, and unique spatiotemporal dynamics. Notably, the C250T mutation exerted more pronounced changes in the morpholome than C228T, suggesting a differential role in metastatic potential. Our findings underscore the distinct influence of TERTp mutations on melanoma's cellular architecture and behavior. The C250T mutation may offer a unique morpholomic and systems-driven advantage for metastasis. These insights provide a foundational understanding of how a non-coding mutation in melanoma metastasis affects the system, manifesting in cellular morpholome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andres J. Nevarez
- Department of Molecular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Anusorn Mudla
- Department of Molecular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Sabrina A. Diaz
- Department of Molecular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Nan Hao
- Department of Molecular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
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5
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Robertson FP, Cameron A, Spiers HVM, Joseph N, Taylor E, Ratnayake B, Jamieson NB, Pandanaboyana S. Evidence for molecular subtyping in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: a systematic review. HPB (Oxford) 2024; 26:609-617. [PMID: 38401998 DOI: 10.1016/j.hpb.2024.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC) patients exhibit varied responses to multimodal therapy. RNA gene sequencing has unravelled distinct tumour biology subtypes, forming the focus of this review exploring its impact on survival outcomes. METHODS A systematic search across PubMed, Medline, Embase, and CINAHL databases targeted studies assessing long-term overall and disease-free survival in PDAC patients with molecular subtyping. RESULTS Fifteen studies including 2731 patients were identified. Molecular subtyping was performed by RNA sequencing and Immunohistochemistry in 14 studies and by Mass Spectrometry in 1 study. Two main tumour subtypes were identified (classical and basal-like or squamous) with basal like associated with poorer outcomes. Further subtypes were identified in individual studies. Superior survival was seen with classical subtype in all other analyses that compared the classical and basal subtypes. High risk stromal subtypes were identified on further analysis of the stroma and were associated with a worse survival independent of the tumour subtype. CONCLUSION Molecular subtyping of PDAC specimens can identify patients with high-risk tumour biology and poor survival outcomes. Routine subtyping is limited by the cost of RNA sequencing and the volume of raw data generated which has made its translation into routine clinical practice difficult.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis P Robertson
- Department of HPB Surgery, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK; Leicester Cancer Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
| | - Andrew Cameron
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Harry V M Spiers
- Department of HPB Surgery, Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge, UK; Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Nejo Joseph
- Department of HPB and Transplant Surgery, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Ellie Taylor
- Department of HPB and Transplant Surgery, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Bathiya Ratnayake
- Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Nigel B Jamieson
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Sanjay Pandanaboyana
- Department of HPB and Transplant Surgery, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK; Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
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6
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Liu J, Li C. Data-driven energy landscape reveals critical genes in cancer progression. NPJ Syst Biol Appl 2024; 10:27. [PMID: 38459043 PMCID: PMC10923824 DOI: 10.1038/s41540-024-00354-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The evolution of cancer is a complex process characterized by stable states and transitions among them. Studying the dynamic evolution of cancer and revealing the mechanisms of cancer progression based on experimental data is an important topic. In this study, we aim to employ a data-driven energy landscape approach to analyze the dynamic evolution of cancer. We take Kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) as an example. From the energy landscape, we introduce two quantitative indicators (transition probability and barrier height) to study critical shifts in KIRC cancer evolution, including cancer onset and progression, and identify critical genes involved in these transitions. Our results successfully identify crucial genes that either promote or inhibit these transition processes in KIRC. We also conduct a comprehensive biological function analysis on these genes, validating the accuracy and reliability of our predictions. This work has implications for discovering new biomarkers, drug targets, and cancer treatment strategies in KIRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juntan Liu
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- Shanghai Center for Mathematical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Chunhe Li
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
- Shanghai Center for Mathematical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
- School of Mathematical Sciences and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
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7
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Liu Z, Huang Y, Zhang P, Yang C, Wang Y, Yu Y, Xiang H. Establishment of an immunogenic cell death-related model for prognostic prediction and identification of therapeutic targets in endometrial carcinoma. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:4920-4942. [PMID: 38461430 PMCID: PMC10968672 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Studies have firmly established the pivotal role of the immunogenic cell death (ICD) in the development of tumors. This study seeks to develop a risk model related to ICD to predict the prognosis of patients with endometrial carcinoma (EC). MATERIALS AND METHODS RNA-seq data of EC retrieved from TCGA database were analyzed using R software. We determined clusters based on ICD-related genes (ICDRGs) expression levels. Cox and LASSO analyses were further used to build the prediction model, and its accuracy was evaluated in the train and validation sets. Finally, in vitro and in vivo experiments were conducted to confirm the impact of the high-risk gene IFNA2 on EC. RESULTS Patients were sorted into two ICD clusters, with survival analysis revealing divergent prognoses between the clusters. The Cox regression analysis identified prognostic risk genes, and the LASSO analysis constructed a model based on 9 of these genes. Notably, this model displayed excellent predictive accuracy when validated. Finally, increased IFNA2 levels led to decreased vitality, proliferation, and invasiveness in vitro. IFNA2 also has significant tumor inhibiting effect in vivo. CONCLUSIONS The ICD-related model can accurately predict the prognosis of patients with EC, and IFNA2 may be a potential treatment target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenran Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract (Anhui Medical University), Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Yue Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract (Anhui Medical University), Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Pin Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract (Anhui Medical University), Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Chen Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract (Anhui Medical University), Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Yujie Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract (Anhui Medical University), Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Yaru Yu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract (Anhui Medical University), Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Huifen Xiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract (Anhui Medical University), Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
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8
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Lozar T, Wang W, Gavrielatou N, Christensen L, Lambert PF, Harari PM, Rimm DL, Burtness B, Grasic Kuhar C, Carchman EH. Emerging Prognostic and Predictive Significance of Stress Keratin 17 in HPV-Associated and Non HPV-Associated Human Cancers: A Scoping Review. Viruses 2023; 15:2320. [PMID: 38140561 PMCID: PMC10748233 DOI: 10.3390/v15122320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
A growing body of literature suggests that the expression of cytokeratin 17 (K17) correlates with inferior clinical outcomes across various cancer types. In this scoping review, we aimed to review and map the available clinical evidence of the prognostic and predictive value of K17 in human cancers. PubMed, Web of Science, Embase (via Scopus), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Google Scholar were searched for studies of K17 expression in human cancers. Eligible studies were peer-reviewed, published in English, presented original data, and directly evaluated the association between K17 and clinical outcomes in human cancers. Of the 1705 studies identified in our search, 58 studies met criteria for inclusion. Studies assessed the prognostic significance (n = 54), predictive significance (n = 2), or both the prognostic and predictive significance (n = 2). Altogether, 11 studies (19.0%) investigated the clinical relevance of K17 in cancers with a known etiologic association to HPV; of those, 8 (13.8%) were focused on head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), and 3 (5.1%) were focused on cervical squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). To date, HNSCC, as well as triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and pancreatic cancer, were the most frequently studied cancer types. K17 had prognostic significance in 16/17 investigated cancer types and 43/56 studies. Our analysis suggests that K17 is a negative prognostic factor in the majority of studied cancer types, including HPV-associated types such as HNSCC and cervical cancer (13/17), and a positive prognostic factor in 2/17 studied cancer types (urothelial carcinoma of the upper urinary tract and breast cancer). In three out of four predictive studies, K17 was a negative predictive factor for chemotherapy and immune checkpoint blockade therapy response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taja Lozar
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA; (T.L.)
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Wei Wang
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA; (T.L.)
| | - Niki Gavrielatou
- Department of Pathology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Leslie Christensen
- Ebling Library, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA;
| | - Paul F. Lambert
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA; (T.L.)
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Paul M. Harari
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - David L. Rimm
- Department of Pathology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Barbara Burtness
- Department of Medicine and Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Cvetka Grasic Kuhar
- University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Evie H. Carchman
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, 2500 Overlook Terrace, Madison, WI 53705, USA
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9
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Lozar T, Laklouk I, Golfinos AE, Gavrielatou N, Xu J, Flynn C, Keske A, Yu M, Bruce JY, Wang W, Grasic Kuhar C, Bailey HH, Harari PM, Dinh HQ, Rimm DL, Hu R, Lambert PF, Fitzpatrick MB. Stress Keratin 17 Is a Predictive Biomarker Inversely Associated with Response to Immune Check-Point Blockade in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas and Beyond. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4905. [PMID: 37835599 PMCID: PMC10571921 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15194905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Low response rates in immune check-point blockade (ICB)-treated head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) drive a critical need for robust, clinically validated predictive biomarkers. Our group previously showed that stress keratin 17 (CK17) suppresses macrophage-mediated CXCL9/CXCL10 chemokine signaling involved in attracting activated CD8+ T cells into tumors, correlating with decreased response rate to pembrolizumab-based therapy in a pilot cohort of ICB-treated HNSCC (n = 26). Here, we performed an expanded analysis of the predictive value of CK17 in ICB-treated HNSCC according to the REMARK criteria and investigated the gene expression profiles associated with high CK17 expression. Pretreatment samples from pembrolizumab-treated HNSCC patients were stained via immunohistochemistry using a CK17 monoclonal antibody (n = 48) and subjected to spatial transcriptomic profiling (n = 8). Our findings were validated in an independent retrospective cohort (n = 22). CK17 RNA expression in pembrolizumab-treated patients with various cancer types was investigated for predictive significance. Of the 48 patients (60% male, median age of 61.5 years), 21 (44%) were CK17 high, and 27 (56%) were CK17 low. A total of 17 patients (35%, 77% CK17 low) had disease control, while 31 patients (65%, 45% CK17 low) had progressive disease. High CK17 expression was associated with a lack of disease control (p = 0.037), shorter time to treatment failure (p = 0.025), and progression-free survival (PFS, p = 0.004), but not overall survival (OS, p = 0.06). A high CK17 expression was associated with lack of disease control in an independent validation cohort (p = 0.011). PD-L1 expression did not correlate with CK17 expression or clinical outcome. CK17 RNA expression was predictive of PFS and OS in 552 pembrolizumab-treated cancer patients. Our findings indicate that high CK17 expression may predict resistance to ICB in HNSCC patients and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taja Lozar
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 6459 Wisconsin Institute for Medical Research, 1111 Highland Ave., Madison, WI 53705, USA
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, 53705 WI, USA
- University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Israa Laklouk
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, MC 8550, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53792, USA
| | - Athena E Golfinos
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 6459 Wisconsin Institute for Medical Research, 1111 Highland Ave., Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Niki Gavrielatou
- Department of Pathology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Jin Xu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, MC 8550, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53792, USA
| | - Christopher Flynn
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, MC 8550, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53792, USA
| | - Aysenur Keske
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, MC 8550, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53792, USA
| | - Menggang Yu
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Justine Y Bruce
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, 53705 WI, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Wei Wang
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 6459 Wisconsin Institute for Medical Research, 1111 Highland Ave., Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Cvetka Grasic Kuhar
- University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Howard H Bailey
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, 53705 WI, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Paul M Harari
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, 53705 WI, USA
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Huy Q Dinh
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 6459 Wisconsin Institute for Medical Research, 1111 Highland Ave., Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - David L Rimm
- Department of Pathology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Rong Hu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, MC 8550, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53792, USA
| | - Paul F Lambert
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 6459 Wisconsin Institute for Medical Research, 1111 Highland Ave., Madison, WI 53705, USA
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, 53705 WI, USA
| | - Megan B Fitzpatrick
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, MC 8550, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53792, USA
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10
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Wang W, Spurgeon ME, Pope A, McGregor S, Ward-Shaw E, Gronski E, Lambert PF. Stress keratin 17 and estrogen support viral persistence and modulate the immune environment during cervicovaginal murine papillomavirus infection. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2214225120. [PMID: 36917668 PMCID: PMC10041145 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2214225120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
A murine papillomavirus, MmuPV1, infects both cutaneous and mucosal epithelia of laboratory mice and can be used to model high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and HPV-associated disease. We have shown that estrogen exacerbates papillomavirus-induced cervical disease in HPV-transgenic mice. We have also previously identified stress keratin 17 (K17) as a host factor that supports MmuPV1-induced cutaneous disease. Here, we sought to test the role of estrogen and K17 in MmuPV1 infection and associated disease in the female reproductive tract. We experimentally infected wild-type and K17 knockout (K17KO) mice with MmuPV1 in the female reproductive tract in the presence or absence of exogenous estrogen for 6 mon. We observed that a significantly higher percentage of K17KO mice cleared the virus as opposed to wild-type mice. In estrogen-treated wild-type mice, the MmuPV1 viral copy number was significantly higher compared to untreated mice by as early as 2 wk postinfection, suggesting that estrogen may help facilitate MmuPV1 infection and/or establishment. Consistent with this, viral clearance was not observed in either wild-type or K17KO mice when treated with estrogen. Furthermore, neoplastic disease progression and cervical carcinogenesis were supported by the presence of K17 and exacerbated by estrogen treatment. Subsequent analyses indicated that estrogen treatment induces a systemic immunosuppressive state in MmuPV1-infected animals and that both estrogen and K17 modulate the local intratumoral immune microenvironment within MmuPV1-induced neoplastic lesions. Collectively, these findings suggest that estrogen and K17 act at multiple stages of papillomavirus-induced disease at least in part via immunomodulatory mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI53705
| | - Megan E. Spurgeon
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI53705
| | - Ali Pope
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI53705
| | - Stephanie McGregor
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI53705
| | - Ella Ward-Shaw
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI53705
| | - Ellery Gronski
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI53705
| | - Paul F. Lambert
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI53705
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11
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Liu C, Zhang M, Yan X, Ni Y, Gong Y, Wang C, Zhang X, Wan L, Yang H, Ge C, Li Y, Zou W, Huang R, Li X, Sun B, Liu B, Yue J, Yu J. Single-cell dissection of cellular and molecular features underlying human cervical squamous cell carcinoma initiation and progression. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadd8977. [PMID: 36706185 PMCID: PMC9882988 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.add8977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CESC) is a prototypical human cancer with well-characterized pathological stages of initiation and progression. However, high-resolution knowledge of the transcriptional programs underlying each stage of CESC is lacking, and important questions remain. We performed single-cell RNA sequencing of 76,911 individual cells from 13 samples of human cervical tissues at various stages of malignancy, illuminating the transcriptional tumorigenic trajectory of cervical epithelial cells and revealing key factors involved in CESC initiation and progression. In addition, we found significant correlations between the abundance of specific myeloid, lymphoid, and endothelial cell populations and the progression of CESC, which were also associated with patients' prognosis. Last, we demonstrated the tumor-promoting function of matrix cancer-associated fibroblasts via the NRG1-ERBB3 pathway in CESC. This study provides a valuable resource and deeper insights into CESC initiation and progression, which is helpful in refining CESC diagnosis and for the design of optimal treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, China
- Research Unit of Radiation Oncology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Xinlong Yan
- Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Yanli Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Senior Department of Hematology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Yandong Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Senior Department of Hematology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Cong Wang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, China
| | - Xiaoling Zhang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, China
| | - Lingfei Wan
- Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Chen Ge
- Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Yunqiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Senior Department of Hematology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Wenxue Zou
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, China
| | - Rui Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, China
| | - Xiaohui Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, China
| | - Bing Sun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Bing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Senior Department of Hematology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Jinbo Yue
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, China
| | - Jinming Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, China
- Research Unit of Radiation Oncology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, China
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12
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KRT17 Accelerates Cell Proliferative and Invasive Potential of Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (LSCC) through Regulating AKT/mTOR and Wnt/ β-Catenin Pathways. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:6176043. [PMID: 36248412 PMCID: PMC9556256 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6176043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Background Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is a prevalent malignant tumor of the head and neck with a dismal prognosis. Keratin17 (KRT17) has been proven to serve as an oncogene in various cancers, but it has never been explored in LSCC. We proposed to assess the impact and possible mechanisms of KRT17 in the development of LSCC. Methods Quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR) was utilized to examine the mRNA levels. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate the relationship between KRT17 expression and survival curves in LSCC patients. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), colony formation, and flow cytometry assays were utilized to estimate LSCC cell proliferation. The migration and invasion abilities of LSCC cells were ascertained by wound-healing and transwell assays. Immunohistochemical and western blot assays were utilized to appraise protein levels. The xenograft tumor model was used to determine the effect of KRT17 on tumor growth. Results In the present study, KRT17 was extremely high in LSCC tissues and cells and correlated with a poor prognosis. Inhibition of KRT17 weakens cell proliferative, migratory, and invasive abilities in LSCC and contributes to cell cycle arrest. Besides, we approved that knockdown of KRT17 extraordinarily restrained the xenograft tumor growth in vivo. We preliminarily investigated the role of KRT17 on the AKT/mTOR and Wnt/β-catenin signaling axes and found that these signaling pathways were largely blocked by KRT17 deletion. Conclusion Collectively, we uncovered that exhaustion of KRT17 suppresses LSCC progression through coordinating AKT/mTOR and Wnt/β-catenin signaling axes, illustrating KRT17 as a promising biomarker for making strides in LSCC treatment.
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13
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Wang W, Lozar T, Golfinos AE, Lee D, Gronski E, Ward-Shaw E, Hayes M, Bruce JY, Kimple RJ, Hu R, Harari PM, Xu J, Keske A, Sondel PM, Fitzpatrick MB, Dinh HQ, Lambert PF. Stress Keratin 17 Expression in Head and Neck Cancer Contributes to Immune Evasion and Resistance to Immune-Checkpoint Blockade. Clin Cancer Res 2022; 28:2953-2968. [PMID: 35621713 PMCID: PMC9250640 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-21-3039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We investigated whether in human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) high levels of expression of stress keratin 17 (K17) are associated with poor survival and resistance to immunotherapy. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We investigated the role of K17 in regulating both the tumor microenvironment and immune responsiveness of HNSCC using a syngeneic mouse HNSCC model, MOC2. MOC2 gives rise to immunologically cold tumors that are resistant to immune-checkpoint blockade (ICB). We engineered multiple, independent K17 knockout (KO) MOC2 cell lines and monitored their growth and response to ICB. We also measured K17 expression in human HNSCC of patients undergoing ICB. RESULTS MOC2 tumors were found to express K17 at high levels. When knocked out for K17 (K17KO MOC2), these cells formed tumors that grew slowly or spontaneously regressed and had a high CD8+ T-cell infiltrate in immunocompetent syngeneic C57BL/6 mice compared with parental MOC2 tumors. This phenotype was reversed when we depleted mice for T cells. Whereas parental MOC2 tumors were resistant to ICB treatment, K17KO MOC2 tumors that did not spontaneously regress were eliminated upon ICB treatment. In a cohort of patients with HNSCC receiving pembrolizumab, high K17 expression correlated with poor response. Single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis revealed broad differences in the immune landscape of K17KO MOC2 tumors compared with parental MOC2 tumors, including differences in multiple lymphoid and myeloid cell types. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate that K17 expression in HNSCC contributes to immune evasion and resistance to ICB treatment by broadly altering immune landscapes of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research/ Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison WI, USA
| | - Taja Lozar
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research/ Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison WI, USA,University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Athena E. Golfinos
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research/ Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison WI, USA
| | - Denis Lee
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research/ Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison WI, USA
| | - Ellery Gronski
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research/ Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison WI, USA
| | - Ella Ward-Shaw
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research/ Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison WI, USA
| | - Mitchell Hayes
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research/ Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison WI, USA
| | - Justine Y. Bruce
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Randall J Kimple
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison WI, USA
| | - Rong Hu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Paul M. Harari
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison WI, USA
| | - Jin Xu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Aysenur Keske
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Paul M. Sondel
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison WI, USA,University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison
| | - Megan B. Fitzpatrick
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Huy Q. Dinh
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research/ Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison WI, USA,University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison,Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison WI, USA
| | - Paul F. Lambert
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research/ Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison WI, USA,University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison
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14
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Wang L, Ma X, Yu J, Lou Y. Negative regulation of miR-1288-3p/KRT4 axis through a circular RNA in oral cancer. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2022; 36:e23118. [PMID: 35707935 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Circular RNA (circRNA) has been widely reported to be involved in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), while the way in which hsa_circ_0096042 affects OSCC remains unclear. The hsa_circ_0096042, miR-1288-3p, and KRT4 expression in OSCC tissues and cell lines were detected by quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. Based on the overexpression of hsa_circ_0096042, miR-1288-3p, or KRT4, the viability and proliferation of OSCC cells were analyzed by cell counting kit-8 and colony formation assay, and the protein levels of Bax and Bcl-2 were detected by western blot, and the growth of cancer cells in vivo was analyzed by xenograft experiment. In addition, the database was used to predict the binding of hsa_circ_0096042, miR-1288-3p, and KRT4, and the interaction was confirmed by luciferase, RIP, and RNA pull-down assay. Hsa_circ_0096042 and KRT4 were abnormally downregulated and miR-1288-3p was upregulated in OSCC. Hsa_circ_0096042 overexpression restrained the proliferation and viability of OSCC cells, facilitated apoptosis, and inhibited the growth of cancer cells in vivo. Hsa_circ_0096042 bound to miR-1288-3p, whose upregulation promoted OSCC progression and eliminated the effects of overexpression of hsa_circ_0096042 on OSCC cells. KRT4 was the target gene for miR-1288-3p. Hsa_circ_0096042 plays an antitumor role in OSCC via miR-1288-3p/KRT4 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- Department of stomatology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xin Ma
- Department of stomatology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jie Yu
- Department of stomatology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Ying Lou
- Department of stomatology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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15
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Jang TH, Huang WC, Tung SL, Lin SC, Chen PM, Cho CY, Yang YY, Yen TC, Lo GH, Chuang SE, Wang LH. MicroRNA-485-5p targets keratin 17 to regulate oral cancer stemness and chemoresistance via the integrin/FAK/Src/ERK/β-catenin pathway. J Biomed Sci 2022; 29:42. [PMID: 35706019 PMCID: PMC9202219 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-022-00824-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The development of drug resistance in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) that frequently leads to recurrence and metastasis after initial treatment remains an unresolved challenge. Presence of cancer stem cells (CSCs) has been increasingly reported to be a critical contributing factor in drug resistance, tumor recurrence and metastasis. Thus, unveiling of mechanisms regulating CSCs and potential targets for developing their inhibitors will be instrumental for improving OSCC therapy. Methods siRNA, shRNA and miRNA that specifically target keratin 17 (KRT17) were used for modulation of gene expression and functional analyses. Sphere-formation and invasion/migration assays were utilized to assess cancer cell stemness and epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) properties, respectively. Duolink proximity ligation assay (PLA) was used to examine molecular proximity between KRT17 and plectin, which is a large protein that binds cytoskeleton components. Cell proliferation assay was employed to evaluate growth rates and viability of oral cancer cells treated with cisplatin, carboplatin or dasatinib. Xenograft mouse tumor model was used to evaluate the effect of KRT17- knockdown in OSCC cells on tumor growth and drug sensitization. Results Significantly elevated expression of KRT17 in highly invasive OSCC cell lines and advanced tumor specimens were observed and high KRT17 expression was correlated with poor overall survival. KRT17 gene silencing in OSCC cells attenuated their stemness properties including markedly reduced sphere forming ability and expression of stemness and EMT markers. We identified a novel signaling cascade orchestrated by KRT17 where its association with plectin resulted in activation of integrin β4/α6, increased phosphorylation of FAK, Src and ERK, as well as stabilization and nuclear translocation of β-catenin. The activation of this signaling cascade was correlated with enhanced OSCC cancer stemness and elevated expression of CD44 and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). We identified and demonstrated KRT17 to be a direct target of miRNA-485-5p. Ectopic expression of miRNA-485-5p inhibited OSCC sphere formation and caused sensitization of cancer cells towards cisplatin and carboplatin, which could be significantly rescued by KRT17 overexpression. Dasatinib treatment that inhibited KRT17-mediated Src activation also resulted in OSCC drug sensitization. In OSCC xenograft mouse model, KRT17 knockdown significantly inhibited tumor growth, and combinatorial treatment with cisplatin elicited a greater tumor inhibitory effect. Consistently, markedly reduced levels of integrin β4, active β-catenin, CD44 and EGFR were observed in the tumors induced by KRT17 knockdown OSCC cells. Conclusions A novel miRNA-485-5p/KRT17/integrin/FAK/Src/ERK/β-catenin signaling pathway is unveiled to modulate OSCC cancer stemness and drug resistance to the common first-line chemotherapeutics. This provides a potential new therapeutic strategy to inhibit OSCC stem cells and counter chemoresistance. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12929-022-00824-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Te-Hsuan Jang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.,National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chieh Huang
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shiao-Lin Tung
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Ton-Yen General Hospital, Zhubei City, Hsinchu County, Taiwan.,Department of Nursing, Hsin Sheng Junior College of Medical Care and Management, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Chieh Lin
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Po-Ming Chen
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yu Cho
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Yu Yang
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Chen Yen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Guo-Hsuen Lo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Shuang-En Chuang
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan.
| | - Lu-Hai Wang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan. .,Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. .,Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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16
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The cytokeratin 17 expression in primary ovarian tumors has diagnostic but not prognostic significance. Virchows Arch 2022; 481:201-212. [PMID: 35554675 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-022-03338-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
We assessed the value of cytokeratin 17 (CK17) expression for the differential diagnosis between primary ovarian mucinous tumors and metastases from the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and the significance of CK17 expression in a broad spectrum of primary ovarian tumors with respect to their prognosis. The sample set consisted of 554 primary ovarian tumors and 255 GIT tumors. In the primary ovarian tumors, a higher CK17 expression (in > 10% of tumors cells) was present only in 0-11.4% of all tumors (including mucinous tumors, micropapillary serous borderline tumors, clear cell, endometrioid, and high-grade serous carcinomas). The only exception was low-grade serous carcinoma, where higher CK17 expression was present in 24% of cases. Concerning GIT tumors, the higher levels of CK 17 expression (in > 10% of tumor cells) were observed in the upper GIT tumors (68.5% of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, 61.6% of gallbladder adenocarcinoma, and 46% of gastric adenocarcinoma), which differs substantially not only from most of the primary ovarian tumors, but also from colorectal carcinoma (3.7%; p < 0.001). The results of our study suggest that expression of CK17 can potentially be used as an adjunct marker in differential diagnosis between primary ovarian mucinous tumors and metastases from the upper GIT, but not from colorectal carcinoma. However, in GIT tumors, CK17 can be used in the differential diagnosis between adenocarcinomas of the upper and lower GIT. Statistical analysis did not reveal strong association of CK17 expression with clinicopathological variables or patient outcomes in any primary ovarian tumors.
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17
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Zhang H, Zhang Y, Xia T, Lu L, Luo M, Chen Y, Liu Y, Li Y. The Role of Keratin17 in Human Tumours. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:818416. [PMID: 35281081 PMCID: PMC8912659 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.818416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Keratins are a group of proteins that can constitute intermediate fibers. It is a component of the cytoskeleton and plays an important role in cell protection and structural support. Keratin 17, a Type I keratin, is a multifunctional protein that regulates a variety of biological processes, including cell growth, proliferation, migration, apoptosis and signal transduction. Abnormal expression of KRT17 is associated with a variety of diseases, such as skin diseases. In recent years, studies have shown that KRT17 is abnormally expressed in a variety of malignant tumours, such as lung cancer, cervical cancer, oral squamous cell carcinoma and sarcoma. These abnormal expressions are related to the occurrence, development and prognosis of malignant tumors. In this review, we summarized the expression patterns of KRT17 in a variety of malignant tumours, the role of KRT17 in the development and prognosis of different malignant tumors and its molecular mechanisms. We also discuss the potential clinical application of KRT17 as a valuable therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanqun Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guizhou, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guizhou, China
| | - Tingting Xia
- Department of Nephrology, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guizhou, China
| | - Liang Lu
- Department of Oncology, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guizhou, China
| | - Min Luo
- Department of Oncology, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guizhou, China
| | - Yanping Chen
- Department of Oncology, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guizhou, China
| | - Yuncong Liu
- Department of Oncology, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guizhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yuncong Liu, ; Yong Li,
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Oncology, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guizhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yuncong Liu, ; Yong Li,
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18
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Ho M, Thompson B, Fisk JN, Nebert DW, Bruford EA, Vasiliou V, Bunick CG. Update of the keratin gene family: evolution, tissue-specific expression patterns, and relevance to clinical disorders. Hum Genomics 2022; 16:1. [PMID: 34991727 PMCID: PMC8733776 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-021-00374-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Intermediate filament (IntFil) genes arose during early metazoan evolution, to provide mechanical support for plasma membranes contacting/interacting with other cells and the extracellular matrix. Keratin genes comprise the largest subset of IntFil genes. Whereas the first keratin gene appeared in sponge, and three genes in arthropods, more rapid increases in keratin genes occurred in lungfish and amphibian genomes, concomitant with land animal-sea animal divergence (~ 440 to 410 million years ago). Human, mouse and zebrafish genomes contain 18, 17 and 24 non-keratin IntFil genes, respectively. Human has 27 of 28 type I "acidic" keratin genes clustered at chromosome (Chr) 17q21.2, and all 26 type II "basic" keratin genes clustered at Chr 12q13.13. Mouse has 27 of 28 type I keratin genes clustered on Chr 11, and all 26 type II clustered on Chr 15. Zebrafish has 18 type I keratin genes scattered on five chromosomes, and 3 type II keratin genes on two chromosomes. Types I and II keratin clusters-reflecting evolutionary blooms of keratin genes along one chromosomal segment-are found in all land animal genomes examined, but not fishes; such rapid gene expansions likely reflect sudden requirements for many novel paralogous proteins having divergent functions to enhance species survival following sea-to-land transition. Using data from the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) project, tissue-specific keratin expression throughout the human body was reconstructed. Clustering of gene expression patterns revealed similarities in tissue-specific expression patterns for previously described "keratin pairs" (i.e., KRT1/KRT10, KRT8/KRT18, KRT5/KRT14, KRT6/KRT16 and KRT6/KRT17 proteins). The ClinVar database currently lists 26 human disease-causing variants within the various domains of keratin proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minh Ho
- Department of Dermatology, Yale University, 333 Cedar St., LCI 501, PO Box 208059, New Haven, CT, 06520-8059, USA
| | - Brian Thompson
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Jeffrey Nicholas Fisk
- Program of Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Daniel W Nebert
- Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular and Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Research Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
- Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - Elspeth A Bruford
- HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC), EMBL-EBI, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Vasilis Vasiliou
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Christopher G Bunick
- Department of Dermatology, Yale University, 333 Cedar St., LCI 501, PO Box 208059, New Haven, CT, 06520-8059, USA.
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
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19
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Bao H, Li X, Cao Z, Huang Z, Chen L, Wang M, Hu J, Li W, Sun H, Jiang X, Mei P, Li H, Lu L, Zhan M. Identification of COPA as a potential prognostic biomarker and pharmacological intervention target of cervical cancer by quantitative proteomics and experimental verification. J Transl Med 2022; 20:18. [PMID: 34991628 PMCID: PMC8740354 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-021-03218-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cervical cancer is the most fatal gynecological carcinoma in the world. It is urgent to explore novel prognostic biomarkers and intervention targets for cervical cancer. METHODS Through integrated quantitative proteomic strategy, we investigated the protein expression profiles of cervical cancer; 28 fresh frozen tissue samples (11 adenocarcinoma (AC), 12 squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and 5 normal cervixes (HC)) were included in discover cohort; 45 fresh frozen tissue samples (19 AC, 18 SCC and 8 HC) were included in verification cohort; 140 paraffin-embedded tissues samples of cervical cancer (85 AC and 55 SCC) were used for immunohistochemical evaluation (IHC) of coatomer protein subunit alpha (COPA) as a prognostic biomarker for cervical cancer; how deficiency of COPA affects cell viability and tumorigenic ability of cervical cancer cells (SiHa cells and HeLa cells) were evaluated by cell counting kit-8 and clone formation in vitro. RESULTS We identified COPA is a potential prognostic biomarker for cervical cancer in quantitative proteomics analysis. By retrospective IHC analysis, we additionally verified the proteomics results and demonstrated moderate or strong IHC staining for COPA is an unfavourable independent prognostic factor for cervical cancer. We also identified COPA is a potential pharmacological intervention target of cervical cancer by a series of in vitro experiments. CONCLUSION This study is the first to demonstrate that COPA may contribute to progression of cervical cancer. It can serve as a potential prognostic biomarker and promising intervention target for cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiqiong Bao
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Department of Gynaecology, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Gynaecology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaobin Li
- Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated With Jinan University), Zhuhai, China
| | - Zhixing Cao
- Department of Pathology, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated With Jinan University), Zhuhai, China
| | - Zhihong Huang
- Department of Gynaecology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Chen
- Zhuhai Center for Maternal and Child Health Care, Zhuhai Women and Childen's Hospital, Zhuhai, China
| | - Mingbing Wang
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Department of Gynaecology, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Gynaecology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiali Hu
- Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated With Jinan University), Zhuhai, China
| | - Wenting Li
- Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated With Jinan University), Zhuhai, China
| | - Hongwei Sun
- Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated With Jinan University), Zhuhai, China
| | - Xue Jiang
- Department of Gynecology, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated With Jinan University), Zhuhai, China
| | - Ping Mei
- Department of Gynaecology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huawen Li
- Department of Gynecology, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated With Jinan University), Zhuhai, China.
| | - Ligong Lu
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Department of Gynaecology, Guangzhou, China. .,Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated With Jinan University), Zhuhai, China. .,Center of Intervention Radiology, Zhuhai Precision Medicine Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, China.
| | - Meixiao Zhan
- Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated With Jinan University), Zhuhai, China. .,Center of Intervention Radiology, Zhuhai Precision Medicine Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, China.
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20
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Baraks G, Tseng R, Pan CH, Kasliwal S, Leiton CV, Shroyer KR, Escobar-Hoyos LF. Dissecting the Oncogenic Roles of Keratin 17 in the Hallmarks of Cancer. Cancer Res 2021; 82:1159-1166. [PMID: 34921015 PMCID: PMC9016724 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-2522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Baraks
- Undergraduate Program in Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
- Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Robert Tseng
- Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Chun-Hao Pan
- Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, Stony Brook University, New York
| | - Saumya Kasliwal
- Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Cindy V. Leiton
- Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Kenneth R. Shroyer
- Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
- Corresponding Authors: Kenneth R. Shroyer, Pathology, Stony Brook University, 101 Nicolls Rd, Stony Brook, NY 11794. Phone: 631-444-3000; E-mail: Kenneth.; and Luisa F. Escobar-Hoyos, 15 York Street PO Box 208040, New Haven, CT 06513. Phone: 203-737-2003; E-mail:
| | - Luisa F. Escobar-Hoyos
- Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology and Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
- Corresponding Authors: Kenneth R. Shroyer, Pathology, Stony Brook University, 101 Nicolls Rd, Stony Brook, NY 11794. Phone: 631-444-3000; E-mail: Kenneth.; and Luisa F. Escobar-Hoyos, 15 York Street PO Box 208040, New Haven, CT 06513. Phone: 203-737-2003; E-mail:
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21
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Diagnostic Value of Cytokeratin 17 during Oral Carcinogenesis: An Immunohistochemical Study. Int J Dent 2021; 2021:4089549. [PMID: 34853592 PMCID: PMC8629611 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4089549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Little is known about the role of cytokeratin 17 (CK17) during oral carcinogenesis. CK17 expression in oral leukoplakia (OL), the most encountered oral potentially malignant disorders and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), remains very limited. To determine the role of CK17 during oral carcinogenesis and its potential diagnostic marker in oral premalignant and malignant lesions, this study evaluated CK17 expression in OL without dysplasia, OL with dysplasia, and OSCC. CK17 expression in these tissues was compared with those of normal oral mucosa (NOM). Additionally, the relationship between CK17 expression and clinicopathologic factors of OSCC was investigated. Methods CK17 expression was evaluated in 186 samples consisting of 12 NOM, 33 OL without dysplasia, 58 OL with dysplasia, and 83 OSCC using immunohistochemistry. The proportion of positively immunostained cells was evaluated and scored. Results CK17 was expressed in 8.3%, 54.5%, 74.1%, and 90.4% of NOM, OL without dysplasia, OL with dysplasia, and OSCC, respectively. NOM had a significantly lower CK17 score than OL with dysplasia (p=0.0003) and OSCC (p < 0.0001). A significant association between CK17 expression and histopathologic differentiation of OSCC was found. Tumors with well differentiation had high CK17 expression compared with those of moderate and poor differentiation. Conclusion CK17 was overexpressed in OL with dysplasia and OSCC, suggesting that CK17 plays a pivotal role in the development of premalignant lesions and OSCC. Of clinical significance, CK17 may be a good diagnostic marker for oral premalignant lesions and OSCC. Additionally, CK17 could be used as an objective tool to classify histopathologic grade in OSCC. The findings that CK17 expression is high in OSCC but low in NOM imply that CK17 may serve as a potential therapeutic target for OSCC.
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22
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Roa-Peña L, Babu S, Leiton CV, Wu M, Taboada S, Akalin A, Buscaglia J, Escobar-Hoyos LF, Shroyer KR. Keratin 17 testing in pancreatic cancer needle aspiration biopsies predicts survival. Cancer Cytopathol 2021; 129:865-873. [PMID: 34076963 PMCID: PMC9014629 DOI: 10.1002/cncy.22438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has one of the lowest 5-year survival rates of all cancers, differences in survival exist between patients with clinically identical characteristics. The authors previously demonstrated that keratin 17 (K17) expression in PDAC, measured by RNA sequencing or immunohistochemistry (IHC), is an independent negative prognostic biomarker. Only 20% of cases are candidates for surgical resection, but most patients are diagnosed by needle aspiration biopsy (NAB). The aims of this study were to determine whether there was a correlation in K17 scores detected in matched NABs and surgical resection tissue sections and whether K17 IHC in NAB cell block specimens could be used as a negative prognostic biomarker in PDAC. METHODS K17 IHC was performed for a cohort of 70 patients who had matched NAB cell block and surgical resection samples to analyze the correlation of K17 expression levels. K17 IHC was also performed in cell blocks from discovery and validation cohorts. Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazards regression models were analyzed to determine survival differences in cases with different levels of K17 IHC expression. RESULTS K17 IHC expression correlated in matched NABs and resection tissues. NAB samples were classified as high for K17 when ≥80% of tumor cells showed strong (2+) staining. High-K17 cases, including stage-matched cases, had shorter survival. CONCLUSIONS K17 has been identified as a robust and independent prognostic biomarker that stratifies clinical outcomes for cases that are diagnosed by NAB. Testing for K17 also has the potential to inform clinical decisions for optimization of chemotherapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Roa-Peña
- Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Sruthi Babu
- Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Cindy V. Leiton
- Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Maoxin Wu
- Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Sofia Taboada
- Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Ali Akalin
- Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Memorial Medical Center, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Jonathan Buscaglia
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Luisa F. Escobar-Hoyos
- Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Kenneth R. Shroyer
- Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
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23
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Babu S, Kim NW, Wu M, Chan I, Escobar-Hoyos LF, Shroyer KR. Keratin 17 Is a Novel Cytologic Biomarker for Urothelial Carcinoma Diagnosis. Am J Clin Pathol 2021; 156:926-933. [PMID: 34086841 PMCID: PMC8512275 DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqab050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The microscopic features of urine cytology specimens are subjective and may not reliably distinguish between benign urothelial cells and low-grade urothelial carcinoma (UC). Prior studies demonstrated that keratin 17 (K17) detection in biopsies is highly sensitive for UC. The current study aimed to define K17 diagnostic test performance for initial screening and detect recurrent UC in urine specimens. METHODS K17 was detected by immunocytochemistry (ICC) in consecutively collected urine specimens (2018-2019). A qualitative score for the K17 test was determined in 81 samples (discovery cohort) and validated in 98 samples (validation cohort). K17 sensitivity and specificity were analyzed in both cohorts across all grades of UC. RESULTS Based on the discovery cohort, the presence of 5 or more K17 immunoreactive urothelial cells (area under the curve = 0.90; P < .001) was the optimal threshold to define a K17-positive test. The sensitivity of the K17 ICC test for biopsy-confirmed UC was 35 of 36 (97%) and 18 of 21 (86%) in the discovery and validation cohorts, respectively. K17 was positive in 16 of 19 (84%) specimens with biopsy-confirmed low-grade UC and in 34 of 34 (100%) of specimens with high-grade UC. CONCLUSIONS K17 ICC is a highly sensitive diagnostic test for initial screening and detection of recurrence across all grades of UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sruthi Babu
- Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
- Program of Public Health and Department of Preventative Medicine, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | | | - Maoxin Wu
- Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Ina Chan
- Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Luisa F Escobar-Hoyos
- Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Biology, Genetic Toxicology and Cytogenetics Research Group, School of Natural Sciences and Education, Universidad Del Cauca, Popayán, Colombia
| | - Kenneth R Shroyer
- Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
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24
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Mendaza S, Fernández-Irigoyen J, Santamaría E, Arozarena I, Guerrero-Setas D, Zudaire T, Guarch R, Vidal A, Salas JS, Matias-Guiu X, Ausín K, Gil C, Hernández-Alcoceba R, Martín-Sánchez E. Understanding the Molecular Mechanism of miR-877-3p Could Provide Potential Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Cervix. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13071739. [PMID: 33917510 PMCID: PMC8038805 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13071739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
No therapeutic targets and molecular biomarkers are available in cervical cancer (CC) management. In other cancer types, micro-RNA-877-3p (miR-877-3p) has been associated with events relevant for CC development. Thus, we aimed to determine miR-877-3p role in CC. miR-877-3p levels were examined by quantitative-PCR in 117 cervical lesions and tumors. Effects on CC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion were evaluated upon anti-miR-877-3p transfection. miR-877-3p dependent molecular mechanism was comprehensively explored by proteomics, dual-luciferase reporter assay, western blot, and immunohistochemistry. Cervical tumors expressed higher miR-877-3p levels than benign lesions. miR-877-3p promoted CC cell migration and invasion, at least partly by modulating cytoskeletal protein folding through the chaperonin-containing T-complex protein 1 complex. Notably, miR-877-3p silencing synergized with paclitaxel. Interestingly, miR-877-3p downregulated the levels of an in silico-predicted target, ZNF177, whose expression and subcellular location significantly distinguished high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSILs) and squamous cell carcinomas of the cervix (SCCCs). Cytoplasmic ZNF177 was significantly associated with worse progression-free survival in SCCC. Our results suggest that: (i) miR-877-3p is a potential therapeutic target whose inhibition improves paclitaxel effects; (ii) the expression and location of its target ZNF177 could be diagnostic biomarkers between HSIL and SCCC; and (iii) cytoplasmic ZNF177 is a poor-prognosis biomarker in SCCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saioa Mendaza
- Molecular Pathology of Cancer Group, Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (S.M.); (D.G.-S.)
| | - Joaquín Fernández-Irigoyen
- Proteored-ISCIII, Proteomics Unit, Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (J.F.-I.); (E.S.); (K.A.)
| | - Enrique Santamaría
- Proteored-ISCIII, Proteomics Unit, Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (J.F.-I.); (E.S.); (K.A.)
| | - Imanol Arozarena
- Cancer Cell Signalling Group, Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
| | - David Guerrero-Setas
- Molecular Pathology of Cancer Group, Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (S.M.); (D.G.-S.)
- Department of Pathology, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (T.Z.); (R.G.)
| | - Tamara Zudaire
- Department of Pathology, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (T.Z.); (R.G.)
| | - Rosa Guarch
- Department of Pathology, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (T.Z.); (R.G.)
| | - August Vidal
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, Carrer de la Feixa Llarga, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; (A.V.); (X.M.-G.)
- CIBERONC, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red—Cáncer, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - José-Santos Salas
- Department of Pathology, Complejo Asistencial Universitario, Altos de Nava, 24071 León, Spain;
| | - Xavier Matias-Guiu
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, Carrer de la Feixa Llarga, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; (A.V.); (X.M.-G.)
- CIBERONC, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red—Cáncer, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, University of Lleida, Alcalde Rovira Roure 80, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Karina Ausín
- Proteored-ISCIII, Proteomics Unit, Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (J.F.-I.); (E.S.); (K.A.)
| | - Carmen Gil
- Microbial Pathogenesis Group, Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
| | - Rubén Hernández-Alcoceba
- Gene Therapy Program, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pío XII 55, 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
| | - Esperanza Martín-Sánchez
- Molecular Pathology of Cancer Group, Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (S.M.); (D.G.-S.)
- Correspondence:
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25
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Khelil M, Griffin H, Bleeker MCG, Steenbergen RDM, Zheng K, Saunders-Wood T, Samuels S, Rotman J, Vos W, van den Akker BE, de Menezes RX, Kenter GG, Doorbar J, Jordanova ES. Delta-Like Ligand-Notch1 Signaling Is Selectively Modulated by HPV16 E6 to Promote Squamous Cell Proliferation and Correlates with Cervical Cancer Prognosis. Cancer Res 2021; 81:1909-1921. [PMID: 33500246 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-1996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) drives high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia and cancer; for unknown reasons, this occurs most often in the cervical transformation zone. Either mutation or HPV E6-driven inhibition of Notch1 can drive neoplastic development in stratified squamous epithelia. However, the contribution of Notch1 and its Delta-like ligands (DLL) to site susceptibility remains poorly understood. Here, we map DLL1/DLL4 expression in cell populations present in normal cervical biopsies by immunofluorescence. In vitro keratinocyte 2D monolayer models, growth assays, and organotypic raft cultures were used to assess the functional role of DLL-Notch signaling in uninfected cells and its modulation by HPV16 in neoplasia. An RNA sequencing-based gene signature was used to suggest the cell of origin of 279 HPV-positive cervical carcinomas from The Cancer Genome Atlas and to relate this to disease prognosis. Finally, the prognostic impact of DLL4 expression was investigated in three independent cervical cancer patient cohorts. Three molecular cervical carcinoma subtypes were identified, with reserve cell tumors the most common and linked to relatively good prognosis. Reserve cells were characterized as DLL1-/DLL4+, a proliferative phenotype that is temporarily observed during squamous metaplasia and wound healing but appears to be sustained by HPV16 E6 in raft models of low-grade and, more prominently, high-grade neoplasia. High expression of DLL4 was associated with an increased likelihood of cervical cancer-associated death and recurrence. Taken together, DLL4-Notch1 signaling reflects a proliferative cellular state transiently present during physiologic processes but inherent to cervical reserve cells, making them strongly resemble neoplastic tissue even before HPV infection has occurred. SIGNIFICANCE: This study investigates cervical cancer cell-of-origin populations and describes a DLL-Notch1 phenotype that is associated with disease prognosis and that might help identify cells that are susceptible to HPV-induced carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Khelil
- Centre for Gynaecological Oncology Amsterdam (CGOA): Amsterdam UMC and The Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital (NKI-AvL), Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Heather Griffin
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Maaike C G Bleeker
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Pathology, Cancer Center Amsterdam (CCA), Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Renske D M Steenbergen
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Pathology, Cancer Center Amsterdam (CCA), Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ke Zheng
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Sanne Samuels
- Centre for Gynaecological Oncology Amsterdam (CGOA): Amsterdam UMC and The Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital (NKI-AvL), Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jossie Rotman
- Centre for Gynaecological Oncology Amsterdam (CGOA): Amsterdam UMC and The Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital (NKI-AvL), Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Wim Vos
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Pathology, Cancer Center Amsterdam (CCA), Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Renée X de Menezes
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Gemma G Kenter
- Centre for Gynaecological Oncology Amsterdam (CGOA): Amsterdam UMC and The Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital (NKI-AvL), Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - John Doorbar
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ekaterina S Jordanova
- Centre for Gynaecological Oncology Amsterdam (CGOA): Amsterdam UMC and The Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital (NKI-AvL), Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
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Chen J, Li Y, Wu J, Liu Y, Kang S. Whole-exome sequencing reveals potential germline and somatic mutations in 60 malignant ovarian germ cell tumors†. Biol Reprod 2021; 105:164-178. [PMID: 33739378 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioab052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant ovarian germ cell tumors (MOGCTs) are rare and heterogeneous ovary tumors. We aimed to identify potential germline mutations and somatic mutations in MOGCTs by whole-exome sequencing. The peripheral blood and tumor samples from these patients were used to identify germline mutations and somatic mutations, respectively. For those genes with copy number alterations (deletion and duplication region), functional annotation was performed. Immunohistochemistry was performed to evaluate the expression of mutated genes corresponding to CNA deletion region and duplication region. In peripheral blood, copy number loss and gain were mostly found in yolk sac tumors (YSTs). Moreover, POU5F1 was the most significant mutated gene with mutation frequency >10% in both CNA deletion and duplication region. In addition, strong cytoplasm staining of POU5F1 (corresponding to CNA deletion region and duplication region) was found in two YST and nuclear staining in two dysgerminomas tumor samples. Genes corresponding to CNA deletion region were significantly enriched in the signaling pathway of regulating pluripotency of stem cells. In addition, genes corresponding to CNA duplication region were significantly enriched in the signaling pathways of RIG-I (DExD/H-box helicase 58)-like receptor, Toll-like receptor and nuclear factor (NF)-kappa. Keratin 4 (KRT4), ribosomal protein L14 (RPL14), proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 6 (PCSK6), poly(A)-binding protein cytoplasmic 3 (PABPC3), and sterile alpha and TIR motif containing 1 (SARM1) mutations were detected in both peripheral blood and tumor samples. Identification of potential germline mutations and somatic mutations in MOGCTs may provide a new field in understanding the genetic feature of the rare biological tumor type in the ovary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hebei Medical University Fourth Affiliated Hospital and Hebei Provincial Tumor Hospital, Hebei, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hebei Medical University Fourth Affiliated Hospital and Hebei Provincial Tumor Hospital, Hebei, China
| | - Jianlei Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hebei Medical University Fourth Affiliated Hospital and Hebei Provincial Tumor Hospital, Hebei, China
| | - Yakun Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hebei Medical University Fourth Affiliated Hospital and Hebei Provincial Tumor Hospital, Hebei, China
| | - Shan Kang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hebei Medical University Fourth Affiliated Hospital and Hebei Provincial Tumor Hospital, Hebei, China
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Li Z, Chen J, Zhao S, Li Y, Zhou J, Liang J, Tang H. Discovery and validation of novel biomarkers for detection of cervical cancer. Cancer Med 2021; 10:2063-2074. [PMID: 33624385 PMCID: PMC7957177 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.3799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS To investigate novel biomarker for diagnosis of cervical cancer, we analyzed the datasets in Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and confirmed the candidate biomarker in patient sample. MATERIALS AND METHODS We collected major datasets of cervical cancer in GEO, and analyzed the differential expression of normal and cancer samples online with GEO2R and tested the differences, then focus on the GSE63514 to screen the target genes in different histological grades by using the R-Bioconductor package and R-heatmap. Then human specimens from the cervix in different histological grades were used to confirm the top 8 genes expression by immunohistochemical staining using Ki67 as a standard control. RESULTS We identified genes differentially expressed in normal and cervical cancer, 274 upregulated genes and 206 downregulated genes. After intersection with GSE63514, we found the obvious tendency in different histological grades. Then we screened the top 24 genes, and confirmed the top 8 genes in human cervix tissues. Immunohistochemical (IHC) results confirmed that keratin 17 (KRT17) was not expressed in normal cervical tissues and was over-expressed in cervical cancer. Cysteine-rich secretory protein-2 (CRISP2) was less expressed in high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSILs) than in other histological grades. CONCLUSION For the good repeatability and consistency of KRT17 and CRISP2, they may be good candidate biomarkers. Combined analysis of KRT17, CRISP2 expression at both genetic and protein levels can determine different histological grades of cervical squamous cell carcinoma. Such combined analysis is capable of improving diagnostic accuracy of cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zigang Li
- Department of AnesthesiologyWomen’s HospitalSchool of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Jianhua Chen
- Department of PathologyWomen’s HospitalSchool of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Shaobo Zhao
- Department of PharmacologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Yajun Li
- Department of PharmacologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Jie Zhou
- Department of AnesthesiologyTongde Hospital of Zhejang ProvinceHangzhouChina
| | - Jianghong Liang
- Department of StomatologyGuangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional and West MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Huifang Tang
- Department of PharmacologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
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Iranpour M, Dabiri S, Rezazade-Jabalbarezi M, Bagheri F. Expression of P63, P16 and CK17 in Atypical Squamous Metaplasia and Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2020; 16:181-189. [PMID: 33936229 PMCID: PMC8085280 DOI: 10.30699/ijp.2021.104280.2095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Background & Objective: Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) is a dysmaturation process in squamous cells in epithelial layer, which highly increases the risk of developing cervical cancer. The aim of this study was to compare the expression of three biomarkers, p16, p63, and CK17 in patients with CIN and in those with atypical squamous metaplasia (ASM). Methods: In this study, 100 patients underwent a colposcopy-guided cervix biopsy. Immunostaining for the biomarkers was undertaken on tissue samples presented with ASM (n=50) and CIN (n=50). Results: A significant increase in immunostaining for CK7, P63, and P16 in patients with CIN was found compared to ASM subjects. Conclusion: Expression of CK17, P63, and P16 in CIN varied from those in ASM. Those biomarkers could be reliable factors to distinguish ASM from CIN; however, all the biomarkers could differentiate CIN from its mimics due to their high degree of sensitivity and specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Iranpour
- Department of Pathology, Pathology and Stem Cell Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Shahriar Dabiri
- Department of Pathology, Pathology and Stem Cell Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mitra Rezazade-Jabalbarezi
- Department of Pathology, Pathology and Stem Cell Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Bagheri
- Department of Pathology, Pathology and Stem Cell Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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29
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Enaka M, Nakanishi M, Muragaki Y. The Gain-of-Function Mutation p53R248W Suppresses Cell Proliferation and Invasion of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma through the Down-Regulation of Keratin 17. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2020; 191:555-566. [PMID: 33307039 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2020.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Keratin 17 (KRT17) expression promotes the proliferation and invasion of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), and mutations in TP53 have been reported in 65% to 85% of OSCC cases. We studied the correlation between KRT17 expression and TP53 mutants. Ca9-22 cells, which exhibit low KRT17 expression, carried mutant p53 (p53R248W) and p53R248W knockdown promoted KRT17 expression. p53R248W knockdown in Ca9-22 cells promoted migration and invasion activity. In contrast, in HSC3 cells, which have p53 nonsense mutations and exhibit high KRT17 expression, the overexpression of p53R248W decreased KRT17 expression, cell size, proliferation, and migration and invasion activities. In addition, p53R248W significantly suppressed MMP2 mRNA expression and enzyme activity. Moreover, s.c. and orthotopic xenografts were generated from p53R248W- or p53R248Q-expressing HSC3 cells. Tumors formed from p53R248W-expressing HSC3 cells grew more slowly and had a lower Ki-67 index than those derived from the control or p53R248Q-expressing HSC3 cells. Finally, the survival rate of the mice inoculated with p53R248W-expressing HSC3 cells was significantly higher than that of the control mice. These results indicate that the p53R248W mutant suppresses proliferation and invasion activity through the suppression of KRT17 expression. We propose that OSCC with p53R248W-expressing cells may be classified as a new OSCC type that has a good prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayu Enaka
- Department of Pathology, Wakayama Medical University School of Medicine, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Masako Nakanishi
- Department of Pathology, Wakayama Medical University School of Medicine, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Yasuteru Muragaki
- Department of Pathology, Wakayama Medical University School of Medicine, Wakayama, Japan.
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30
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Zeng Y, Zou M, Liu Y, Que K, Wang Y, Liu C, Gong J, You Y. Keratin 17 Suppresses Cell Proliferation and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Pancreatic Cancer. Front Med (Lausanne) 2020; 7:572494. [PMID: 33324659 PMCID: PMC7726264 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.572494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Keratin 17 (K17), a member of type I acidic epithelial keratin family, has been reported to be upregulated in many malignant tumors and to be involved in promoting the development of tumors. However, the precise role of K17 in progression of pancreatic cancer is still unknown. In this study, we found that K17 expression was highly expressed in pancreatic cancer tissues and cell lines and that upregulated expression was associated with the pathological grade and poor prognosis. K17 expression served as an independent predictor of pancreatic cancer survival. Meanwhile, we showed that knocking down K17 induced pancreatic cancer cell proliferation, colony formation and tumor growth in xenografts in mice. However, K17 upregulation inhibited pancreatic cancer cell proliferation and colony formation. Further mechanistic study revealed that K17 knockdown promoted cell cycle progression by upregulating CyclinD1 expression and repressed cell apoptosis. However, K17 upregulation suppressed cell cycle progression by decreasing CyclinD1 expression, and induced apoptosis by increasing the levels of cleaved Caspase3. In addition, K17 knockdown promoted pancreatic cancer cell migration and invasion, but K17 upregulation suppressed cell migration and invasion. Moreover, knocking down K17 promoted epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in pancreatic cancer cell by inhibiting E-cadherin expression and inducing Vimentin expression, and the effects of K17 upregulation were opposite to that of K17downregulation. Taken together, our findings suggest that K17 functions as a potential tumor suppressor, even though it is upregulated in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zeng
- Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Min Zou
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Fifth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Keting Que
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yunbing Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Changan Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianpin Gong
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu You
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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31
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Ujiie D, Okayama H, Saito K, Ashizawa M, Thar Min AK, Endo E, Kase K, Yamada L, Kikuchi T, Hanayama H, Fujita S, Sakamoto W, Endo H, Saito M, Mimura K, Saze Z, Momma T, Ohki S, Kono K. KRT17 as a prognostic biomarker for stage II colorectal cancer. Carcinogenesis 2020; 41:591-599. [PMID: 31754689 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgz192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Adjuvant chemotherapy is considered for patients with stage II colorectal cancer (CRC) characterized by poor prognostic clinicopathological features; however, current stratification algorithms remain inadequate for identifying high-risk patients. To develop prognostic assays, we conducted a step-wise screening and validation strategy using nine cohorts of stage II patients based on multiple platforms, including microarray, RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues. Four microarray datasets (total n = 458) were used as the discovery set to screen for single genes associated with postoperative recurrence. Prognostic values of candidate genes were evaluated in three independent microarray/RNA-seq validation cohorts (n = 89, n = 93 and n = 183, respectively), and then IHC for KRT17 was conducted in two independent FFPE series (n = 110 and n = 44, respectively). We found that high levels of KRT17 transcript expression were significantly associated with poor relapse-free survival (RFS) not only in the discovery set, but also in three validation cohorts, and its prognostic impact was independent of conventional factors by multivariate analyses. Positive staining of KRT17 protein was significantly associated with poor RFS in two independent FFPE cohorts. KRT17 protein expression had independent prognostic impact on RFS in a multivariate model adjusted for conventional variables, including high-risk clinicopathological features. In conclusion, using nine independent cohorts consisting of 997 stage II patients, we identified and validated the expression of KRT17 transcript and KRT17 protein as a robust prognostic biomarker that can discriminate postoperative stage II patients who are at high probability of disease recurrence, providing additional prognostic stratification beyond the currently available high-risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Ujiie
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Okayama
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Katsuharu Saito
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Mai Ashizawa
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Aung Kyi Thar Min
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Eisei Endo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Koji Kase
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Leo Yamada
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Kikuchi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Hanayama
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Shotaro Fujita
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Wataru Sakamoto
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Hisahito Endo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Motonobu Saito
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Kosaku Mimura
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan.,Department of Blood Transfusion and Transplantation Immunology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan.,Department of Advanced Cancer Immunotherapy, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan.,Department of Progressive DOHaD Research, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Zenichiro Saze
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Momma
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Shinji Ohki
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Koji Kono
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
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32
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Liu L, Sun L, Zheng J, Cui L. Berberine modulates Keratin 17 to inhibit cervical cancer cell viability and metastasis. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2020; 41:521-531. [PMID: 33045871 DOI: 10.1080/10799893.2020.1830110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luping Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yantai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yantai, China
| | - Li Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yantai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yantai, China
| | - Jing Zheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yantai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yantai, China
| | - Li Cui
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yantai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yantai, China
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Bhattacharji P, Moore W, Yaddanapudi K. Keratin 17 is an imaging biomarker in lung cancers. J Thorac Dis 2020; 12:5062-5066. [PMID: 33145082 PMCID: PMC7578507 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2019.08.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Computed tomographic (CT) features have demonstrated their value in classifying and assessing pulmonary nodules. Additionally, recent studies have shown the presence of keratin 17 (K17) in lung cancer is associated with increased mortality compared to patients with low/no K17 expression. The purpose of this study is to determine if there are CT imaging features that correlate with overexpression of K17 in patients with lung cancer. METHODS This retrospective cohort study was approved by an Institutional Review Board. Lung cancer in 67 consecutive patients, who consented to have their lung cancer tissue stored in a tissue bank, were revaluated by immunohistochemical staining for the presence or absence of K17. Pre-operative imaging studies were collected on all patients. Two blinded independent radiologists evaluated multiple imaging features for each lung cancer. RESULTS The overexpression of K17 was documented in 38.8% (26/67) of all lung cancers included in this cohort. Of the CT features recorded, the presence of the CT feature of lobulated borders was positively associated with over expression of K17 (P=0.02). No other imaging feature was associated with the presence or absence of K17. CONCLUSIONS The presence of a lobulated border, suggesting differential growth pattern of the lung cancer appears to be associated with the expression of K17.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - William Moore
- Department of Radiology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Kavitha Yaddanapudi
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
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34
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Fassler DJ, Abousamra S, Gupta R, Chen C, Zhao M, Paredes D, Batool SA, Knudsen BS, Escobar-Hoyos L, Shroyer KR, Samaras D, Kurc T, Saltz J. Deep learning-based image analysis methods for brightfield-acquired multiplex immunohistochemistry images. Diagn Pathol 2020; 15:100. [PMID: 32723384 PMCID: PMC7385962 DOI: 10.1186/s13000-020-01003-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiplex immunohistochemistry (mIHC) permits the labeling of six or more distinct cell types within a single histologic tissue section. The classification of each cell type requires detection of the unique colored chromogens localized to cells expressing biomarkers of interest. The most comprehensive and reproducible method to evaluate such slides is to employ digital pathology and image analysis pipelines to whole-slide images (WSIs). Our suite of deep learning tools quantitatively evaluates the expression of six biomarkers in mIHC WSIs. These methods address the current lack of readily available methods to evaluate more than four biomarkers and circumvent the need for specialized instrumentation to spectrally separate different colors. The use case application for our methods is a study that investigates tumor immune interactions in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) with a customized mIHC panel. METHODS Six different colored chromogens were utilized to label T-cells (CD3, CD4, CD8), B-cells (CD20), macrophages (CD16), and tumor cells (K17) in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) PDAC tissue sections. We leveraged pathologist annotations to develop complementary deep learning-based methods: (1) ColorAE is a deep autoencoder which segments stained objects based on color; (2) U-Net is a convolutional neural network (CNN) trained to segment cells based on color, texture and shape; and ensemble methods that employ both ColorAE and U-Net, collectively referred to as (3) ColorAE:U-Net. We assessed the performance of our methods using: structural similarity and DICE score to evaluate segmentation results of ColorAE against traditional color deconvolution; F1 score, sensitivity, positive predictive value, and DICE score to evaluate the predictions from ColorAE, U-Net, and ColorAE:U-Net ensemble methods against pathologist-generated ground truth. We then used prediction results for spatial analysis (nearest neighbor). RESULTS We observed that (1) the performance of ColorAE is comparable to traditional color deconvolution for single-stain IHC images (note: traditional color deconvolution cannot be used for mIHC); (2) ColorAE and U-Net are complementary methods that detect 6 different classes of cells with comparable performance; (3) combinations of ColorAE and U-Net into ensemble methods outperform using either ColorAE and U-Net alone; and (4) ColorAE:U-Net ensemble methods can be employed for detailed analysis of the tumor microenvironment (TME). We developed a suite of scalable deep learning methods to analyze 6 distinctly labeled cell populations in mIHC WSIs. We evaluated our methods and found that they reliably detected and classified cells in the PDAC tumor microenvironment. We also present a use case, wherein we apply the ColorAE:U-Net ensemble method across 3 mIHC WSIs and use the predictions to quantify all stained cell populations and perform nearest neighbor spatial analysis. Thus, we provide proof of concept that these methods can be employed to quantitatively describe the spatial distribution immune cells within the tumor microenvironment. These complementary deep learning methods are readily deployable for use in clinical research studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle J Fassler
- Department of Pathology, Stony Brook University Renaissance School of Medicine, 101 Nicolls Rd, Stony Brook, 11794, USA
| | - Shahira Abousamra
- Department of Computer Science, Stony Brook University, 100 Nicolls Rd, Stony Brook, 11794, USA
| | - Rajarsi Gupta
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Stony Brook University Renaissance School of Medicine, 101 Nicolls Rd, Stony Brook, 11794, USA
| | - Chao Chen
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Stony Brook University Renaissance School of Medicine, 101 Nicolls Rd, Stony Brook, 11794, USA
| | - Maozheng Zhao
- Department of Computer Science, Stony Brook University, 100 Nicolls Rd, Stony Brook, 11794, USA
| | - David Paredes
- Department of Computer Science, Stony Brook University, 100 Nicolls Rd, Stony Brook, 11794, USA
| | - Syeda Areeha Batool
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Stony Brook University Renaissance School of Medicine, 101 Nicolls Rd, Stony Brook, 11794, USA
| | - Beatrice S Knudsen
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, 2000 Circle of Hope, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Luisa Escobar-Hoyos
- Department of Pathology, Stony Brook University Renaissance School of Medicine, 101 Nicolls Rd, Stony Brook, 11794, USA
- Department Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University, 15 York Street, New Haven, CT, 06513, USA
| | - Kenneth R Shroyer
- Department of Pathology, Stony Brook University Renaissance School of Medicine, 101 Nicolls Rd, Stony Brook, 11794, USA
| | - Dimitris Samaras
- Department of Computer Science, Stony Brook University, 100 Nicolls Rd, Stony Brook, 11794, USA
| | - Tahsin Kurc
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Stony Brook University Renaissance School of Medicine, 101 Nicolls Rd, Stony Brook, 11794, USA
| | - Joel Saltz
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Stony Brook University Renaissance School of Medicine, 101 Nicolls Rd, Stony Brook, 11794, USA.
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Rusinek D, Pfeifer A, Cieslicka M, Kowalska M, Pawlaczek A, Krajewska J, Szpak-Ulczok S, Tyszkiewicz T, Halczok M, Czarniecka A, Zembala-Nozynska E, Chekan M, Lamch R, Handkiewicz-Junak D, Ledwon A, Paliczka-Cieslik E, Kropinska A, Jarzab B, Oczko-Wojciechowska M. TERT Promoter Mutations and Their Impact on Gene Expression Profile in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1597. [PMID: 32560331 PMCID: PMC7352936 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12061597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Telomerase reverse transcriptase promoter (TERTp) mutations are related to a worse prognosis in various malignancies, including papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Since mechanisms responsible for the poorer outcome of TERTp(+) patients are still unknown, searching for molecular consequences of TERTp mutations in PTC was the aim of our study. METHODS The studied cohort consisted of 54 PTCs, among them 24 cases with distant metastases. BRAF V600E, RAS, and TERTp mutational status was evaluated in all cases. Differences in gene expression profile between TERTp(+) and TERTp(-) PTCs were examined using microarrays. The evaluation of signaling pathways and gene ontology was based on the Gene Set Enrichment Analysis. RESULTS Fifty-nine percent (32/54) of analyzed PTCs were positive for at least one mutation: 27 were BRAF(+), among them eight were TERTp(+), and 1 NRAS(+), whereas five other samples harbored RAS mutations. Expression of four genes significantly differed in BRAF(+)TERTp(+) and BRAF(+)TERTp(-) PTCs. Deregulation of pathways involved in key cell processes was observed. CONCLUSIONS TERTp mutations are related to higher PTC aggressiveness. CRABP2 gene was validated as associated with TERTp mutations. However, its potential use in diagnostics or risk stratification in PTC patients needs further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dagmara Rusinek
- Department of Genetic and Molecular Diagnostics of Cancer, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology Gliwice Branch, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland; (A.P.); (M.C.); (M.K.); (A.P.); (T.T.); (M.H.); (M.O.-W.)
| | - Aleksandra Pfeifer
- Department of Genetic and Molecular Diagnostics of Cancer, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology Gliwice Branch, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland; (A.P.); (M.C.); (M.K.); (A.P.); (T.T.); (M.H.); (M.O.-W.)
| | - Marta Cieslicka
- Department of Genetic and Molecular Diagnostics of Cancer, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology Gliwice Branch, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland; (A.P.); (M.C.); (M.K.); (A.P.); (T.T.); (M.H.); (M.O.-W.)
| | - Malgorzata Kowalska
- Department of Genetic and Molecular Diagnostics of Cancer, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology Gliwice Branch, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland; (A.P.); (M.C.); (M.K.); (A.P.); (T.T.); (M.H.); (M.O.-W.)
| | - Agnieszka Pawlaczek
- Department of Genetic and Molecular Diagnostics of Cancer, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology Gliwice Branch, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland; (A.P.); (M.C.); (M.K.); (A.P.); (T.T.); (M.H.); (M.O.-W.)
| | - Jolanta Krajewska
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Endocrine Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology Gliwice Branch, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland; (J.K.); (S.S.-U.); (D.H.-J.); (A.L.); (E.P.-C.); (A.K.); (B.J.)
| | - Sylwia Szpak-Ulczok
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Endocrine Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology Gliwice Branch, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland; (J.K.); (S.S.-U.); (D.H.-J.); (A.L.); (E.P.-C.); (A.K.); (B.J.)
| | - Tomasz Tyszkiewicz
- Department of Genetic and Molecular Diagnostics of Cancer, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology Gliwice Branch, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland; (A.P.); (M.C.); (M.K.); (A.P.); (T.T.); (M.H.); (M.O.-W.)
| | - Monika Halczok
- Department of Genetic and Molecular Diagnostics of Cancer, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology Gliwice Branch, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland; (A.P.); (M.C.); (M.K.); (A.P.); (T.T.); (M.H.); (M.O.-W.)
| | - Agnieszka Czarniecka
- Department of Oncological and Reconstructive Surgery, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology Gliwice Branch, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland;
| | - Ewa Zembala-Nozynska
- Tumor Pathology Department, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology Gliwice Branch, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland; (E.Z.-N.); (M.C.); (R.L.)
| | - Mykola Chekan
- Tumor Pathology Department, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology Gliwice Branch, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland; (E.Z.-N.); (M.C.); (R.L.)
| | - Roman Lamch
- Tumor Pathology Department, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology Gliwice Branch, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland; (E.Z.-N.); (M.C.); (R.L.)
| | - Daria Handkiewicz-Junak
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Endocrine Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology Gliwice Branch, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland; (J.K.); (S.S.-U.); (D.H.-J.); (A.L.); (E.P.-C.); (A.K.); (B.J.)
| | - Aleksandra Ledwon
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Endocrine Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology Gliwice Branch, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland; (J.K.); (S.S.-U.); (D.H.-J.); (A.L.); (E.P.-C.); (A.K.); (B.J.)
| | - Ewa Paliczka-Cieslik
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Endocrine Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology Gliwice Branch, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland; (J.K.); (S.S.-U.); (D.H.-J.); (A.L.); (E.P.-C.); (A.K.); (B.J.)
| | - Aleksandra Kropinska
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Endocrine Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology Gliwice Branch, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland; (J.K.); (S.S.-U.); (D.H.-J.); (A.L.); (E.P.-C.); (A.K.); (B.J.)
| | - Barbara Jarzab
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Endocrine Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology Gliwice Branch, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland; (J.K.); (S.S.-U.); (D.H.-J.); (A.L.); (E.P.-C.); (A.K.); (B.J.)
| | - Malgorzata Oczko-Wojciechowska
- Department of Genetic and Molecular Diagnostics of Cancer, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology Gliwice Branch, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland; (A.P.); (M.C.); (M.K.); (A.P.); (T.T.); (M.H.); (M.O.-W.)
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Keratin 17 Expression Predicts Poor Clinical Outcome in Patients With Advanced Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2020; 29:144-151. [PMID: 32554975 DOI: 10.1097/pai.0000000000000862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The major roles of keratin 17 (K17) as a prognostic biomarker have been highlighted in a range of human malignancies. However, its relevance to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains unexplored. In this study, the relationship between K17 expression and clinicopathologic parameters and survival were determined by RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) in 90 ESCCs and by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in 68 ESCCs. K17 expression was significantly higher in ESCC than in paired normal tissues at both the messenger RNA and protein levels. K17 messenger RNA and staining by IHC were significantly correlated with aggressive characteristics, including advanced clinical stage, invasion depth, and lymph node metastases; and were predictive of poor prognosis in advanced disease patients. Furthermore, K17 expression was detected by IHC in high-grade premalignant lesions of the esophageal mucosa, suggesting that K17 could also be a biomarker of dysplasia of the esophageal mucosa. Overall, this study established that K17 is a negative prognostic biomarker for the most common subtype of esophageal cancer.
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37
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Huang W, Yu D, Wang M, Han Y, Lin J, Wei D, Cai J, Li B, Chen P, Zhang X. ITGBL1 promotes cell migration and invasion through stimulating the TGF-β signalling pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cell Prolif 2020; 53:e12836. [PMID: 32537856 PMCID: PMC7377936 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Integrin beta‐like 1 (ITGBL1) is involved in the migration and invasion of several cancers; however, its roles in the development and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain largely unknown. Materials and methods Immunohistochemistry staining was used to investigate the expression pattern of ITGBL1 and its prognostic values in HCC patients. The transwell, wound‐healing assays, xenograft and orthotopic mouse models were employed to determine the effects of ITGBL1 on HCC cell migration and invasion in vitro and in vivo. The biological mechanisms involved in cell migration and invasion caused by ITGBL1 were determined with Western blotting and RT‐PCR methods. Results ITGBL1 expression was significantly increased in HCC tissues compared to adjacent normal tissues. Patients with higher ITGBL1 expression were associated with more reduced overall survival. ITGBL1 overexpression promoted migration and invasion in SMMC‐7721 and HepG2 cells in vitro and in vivo, whereas knockdown or knockout ITGBL1 in CSQT‐2 cells significantly reduced cell migration and invasion abilities. In SMMC‐7721 cells, ITGBL1 overexpression stimulated TGF‐β/Smads signalling pathway, along with the KRT17 and genes involved in the epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT). In contrast, ITGBL1 knockout inhibited the TGF‐β/Smads signalling pathway in CSQT‐2 cells. Conclusions These findings suggested that ITGBL1 promoted migration and invasion in HCC cells by stimulating the TGF‐β/Smads signalling pathway. ITGBL1 could be a promising prognostic biomarker, as well as a potential therapeutic target in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Huang
- Research Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Demin Yu
- Research Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingjie Wang
- Research Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Han
- Research Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junyu Lin
- Research Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dong Wei
- Research Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jialin Cai
- Clinical Research Center, Ruijin Hospital North, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Li
- Biliary Tract Surgery Department I, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Secondary Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peizhan Chen
- Clinical Research Center, Ruijin Hospital North, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinxin Zhang
- Research Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.,Clinical Research Center, Ruijin Hospital North, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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38
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Chen P, Shen Z, Fang X, Wang G, Wang X, Wang J, Xi S. Silencing of keratin 17 by lentivirus-mediated short hairpin RNA inhibits the proliferation of PANC-1 human pancreatic cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2020; 19:3531-3541. [PMID: 32269627 PMCID: PMC7114934 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Keratin 17 (KRT17) has been demonstrated to be a potential biological marker for the prediction of prognosis in particular types of cancer. The aim of the present study was to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the function of KRT17 in the pancreatic cancer (PAC) cell line PANC-1 and the potential of KRT17 as a therapeutic target for PAC. KRT17 expression levels were analyzed using quantitative PCR and compared with histological data using bioinformatics tools in PAC samples and three human PAC cell lines. Cell proliferation was determined using an MTT assay, in addition to cell cycle distribution and apoptosis analysis using flow cytometry, colony formation assay using Giemsa staining and cell motility analysis using a Transwell migration assay. Tumor growth was evaluated in vivo in nude mice. The expression levels of a number of signaling molecules were measured to establish the potential mechanism by which silencing KRT17 expression affected PAC PANC-1 cells. Increased levels of KRT17 expression were observed in human PAC compared with normal tissues, as well as in three human PAC cell lines (MIA PaCa-2, PANC-1 and KP-3 cells) compared with the H6c7 human immortal pancreatic duct epithelial cell line. High expression levels of KRT17 in PAC samples were associated with poor overall survival (P=0.036) and disease-free survival (P=0.017). Lentivirus-mediated KRT17 silencing inhibited cell proliferation, colony formation and migration, but promoted apoptosis and resulted in cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase in PANC-1 cells. In addition, KRT17 knockdown inhibited in vivo tumor growth. KRT17 knockdown induced dysregulation of ERK1/2 and upregulation of the pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein Bad. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that elevated KRT17 levels are positively associated with pancreatic cancer progression; KRT17 knockdown suppressed cell growth, colony formation, migration and tumor growth, and induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, affecting ERK1/2/Bad signaling. Therefore, the results of the present study suggested that KRT17 may be a potential target for the treatment of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241001, P.R. China
| | - Zhengchao Shen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241001, P.R. China
| | - Xiaosan Fang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241001, P.R. China
| | - Guannan Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241001, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241001, P.R. China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241001, P.R. China
| | - Shihang Xi
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241001, P.R. China
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Establishment and Molecular Phenotyping of Organoids from the Squamocolumnar Junction Region of the Uterine Cervix. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12030694. [PMID: 32183493 PMCID: PMC7140077 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12030694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The metaplastic epithelium of the transformation zone (TZ) including the squamocolumnar junction (SCJ) of the uterine cervix is a prime target of human papilloma virus (HPV) infection and subsequent cancer development. Due to the lack of adequate in vitro models for SCJ, however, investigations into its physiological roles and vulnerability to carcinogenesis have been limited. By using Matrigel-based three-dimensional culture techniques, we propagated organoids derived from the normal SCJ region, along with metaplastic squamous cells in the TZ. Consisting predominantly of squamous cells, organoids basically exhibited a dense structure. However, at least in some organoids, a small but discrete population of mucin-producing endocervix cells co-existed adjacent to the squamous cell population, virtually recapitulating the configuration of SCJ in a TZ background. In addition, transcriptome analysis confirmed a higher expression level of many SCJ marker genes in organoids, compared to that in the immortalized cervical cell lines of non-SCJ origin. Thus, the obtained organoids appear to mimic cervical SCJ cells and, in particular, metaplastic squamous cells from the TZ, likely providing a novel platform in which HPV-driven cervical cancer development could be investigated.
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40
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Wang W, Uberoi A, Spurgeon M, Gronski E, Majerciak V, Lobanov A, Hayes M, Loke A, Zheng ZM, Lambert PF. Stress keratin 17 enhances papillomavirus infection-induced disease by downregulating T cell recruitment. PLoS Pathog 2020; 16:e1008206. [PMID: 31968015 PMCID: PMC6975545 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
High-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs) cause 5% of human cancers. Despite the availability of HPV vaccines, there remains a strong urgency to find ways to treat persistent HPV infections, as current HPV vaccines are not therapeutic for individuals already infected. We used a mouse papillomavirus infection model to characterize virus-host interactions. We found that mouse papillomavirus (MmuPV1) suppresses host immune responses via overexpression of stress keratins. In mice deficient for stress keratin K17 (K17KO), we observed rapid regression of papillomas dependent on T cells. Cellular genes involved in immune response were differentially expressed in the papillomas arising on the K17KO mice correlating with increased numbers of infiltrating CD8+ T cells and upregulation of IFNγ-related genes, including CXCL9 and CXCL10, prior to complete regression. Blocking the receptor for CXCL9/CXCL10 prevented early regression. Our data provide a novel mechanism by which papillomavirus-infected cells evade host immunity and defines new therapeutic targets for treating persistent papillomavirus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Aayushi Uberoi
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Megan Spurgeon
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Ellery Gronski
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Vladimir Majerciak
- Tumor Virus RNA Biology Section, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, United States of America
| | - Alexei Lobanov
- CCR Collaborative Bioinformatics Resource (CCBR), National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Mitchell Hayes
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Amanda Loke
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Zhi-Ming Zheng
- Tumor Virus RNA Biology Section, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, United States of America
| | - Paul F. Lambert
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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41
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Bai JDK, Babu S, Roa-Peña L, Hou W, Akalin A, Escobar-Hoyos LF, Shroyer KR. Keratin 17 is a negative prognostic biomarker in high-grade endometrial carcinomas. Hum Pathol 2019; 94:40-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2019.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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42
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Hopman ANH, Moshi JM, Hoogduin KJ, Ummelen M, Henfling MER, van Engeland M, Wouters KAD, Stoop H, Looijenga LHJ, Ramaekers FCS. SOX17 expression and its down-regulation by promoter methylation in cervical adenocarcinoma in situ and adenocarcinoma. Histopathology 2019; 76:383-393. [PMID: 31444787 PMCID: PMC7027543 DOI: 10.1111/his.13980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIMS SOX17 expression has not been studied in glandular lesions of the uterine cervix like adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) and invasive adenocarcinomas (AdC), whereas SOX17 promoter CpG island methylation has been reported. Therefore, the aim of this study was to relate the topographical distribution of SOX17 expression and SOX17 methylation status to each other, and to SOX2 expression, human papillomavirus (HPV) type, and physical status of the virus. METHODS AND RESULTS Immunohistochemistry was used in 45 cases to assess expression of SOX17 and SOX2. SOX17 promoter methylation was determined in 25 cases by means of bisulphite conversion and methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction. SOX17 and SOX2 showed a mutually exclusive expression pattern in normal epithelium, with a sharp delineation in the squamocolumnar junction. SOX17 was found in endocervical columnar and reserve cells, whereas SOX2 was exclusively found in squamous epithelium. In both glandular lesions and cases with coexisting glandular and squamous intraepithelial components, a complex combination of SOX17 and SOX2 expression patterns was seen and mutually exclusive expression was lost. Frequently, gain of expression of SOX2 was found and expression of SOX17 was lost. Methylation of the CpG island in the SOX17 promoter was shown to be strongly associated with loss of expression of SOX17 (P = 0.0016). CONCLUSIONS In this study, we show for the first time a direct correlation between the topographical distribution of SOX17 expression and the methylation status of its gene promoter. This explains the heterogeneity of SOX17 expression in the glandular lesions of the cervix. No correlation was found between HPV type and physical status of the virus on the one hand and methylation status on the other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton N H Hopman
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, GROW School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Jobran M Moshi
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, GROW School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Klaas J Hoogduin
- Laboratory for Experimental Patho-Oncology, Department of Pathology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Monique Ummelen
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, GROW School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Mieke E R Henfling
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, GROW School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Manon van Engeland
- Department of Pathology, GROW School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Kim A D Wouters
- Department of Pathology, GROW School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Hans Stoop
- Laboratory for Experimental Patho-Oncology, Department of Pathology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Leendert H J Looijenga
- Laboratory for Experimental Patho-Oncology, Department of Pathology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Princess Maxima Centre for Paediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Frans C S Ramaekers
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, GROW School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands
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Hashiguchi M, Masuda M, Kai K, Nakao Y, Kawaguchi A, Yokoyama M, Aishima S. Decreased cytokeratin 7 expression correlates with the progression of cervical squamous cell carcinoma and poor patient outcomes. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2019; 45:2228-2236. [PMID: 31502345 DOI: 10.1111/jog.14108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
AIM To identify potential biomarkers for tumor progression and patient outcomes in cervical squamous cell carcinoma. METHODS We examined the expressions of CK7 and CK17 as potential markers of the squamo-columnar junction, and podoplanin as a basal cell marker using surgical and biopsy samples of patients in grade 3 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (n = 30), operable invasive carcinoma (OP group, n = 53) and inoperable invasive carcinoma before radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy (RC group, n = 76). RESULTS The positive rates of CK7 and podoplanin in invasive carcinoma were significantly lower than those in grade 3 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (P = 0.001, P < 0.0001). The positive rates of CK7 and podoplanin in the RC group were significantly lower than those in the OP group (P < 0.0001, P = 0.04), while CK17 expression showed significantly higher positivity in the RC group than in the OP group (P < 0.0001). Negative CK7 expression showed a potential impact on overall survival in early-stage patients. In the RC group, the prevalence of cases with post-therapeutic residual carcinoma cells was higher in the CK7-negative group than in the positive group (P = 0.003). We found that decreased expression of CK7 could be a prognostic factor in early-stage cervical cancer patients. CONCLUSION This result may provide strategies and suggestions for new treatment options and follow-up practices in managing patients with cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariko Hashiguchi
- Department of Pathology & Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan.,Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Masanori Masuda
- Department of Pathology & Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Keita Kai
- Department of Pathology, Saga University Hospital, Saga, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Nakao
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kawaguchi
- Center for Comprehensive Community Medicine, Saga University Faculty of Medicine, Saga, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Yokoyama
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Shinichi Aishima
- Department of Pathology & Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan.,Department of Pathology, Saga University Hospital, Saga, Japan
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Sarlos DP, Yusenko MV, Peterfi L, Szanto A, Kovacs G. Dual role of KRT17: development of papillary renal cell tumor and progression of conventional renal cell carcinoma. J Cancer 2019; 10:5124-5129. [PMID: 31602265 PMCID: PMC6775619 DOI: 10.7150/jca.32579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Expression of KRT17 has been described in multi-layered epithelia as well as in tumors derived from these cells. In cancers arising from KRT17 negative single layered epithelia neo-expression of KRT17 has been associated with tumor progression. To obtain more insight into the biology of kidney cancers we have investigated KRT17 expression by immunohistochemistry in normal kidney, in papillary preneoplastic lesions and in 151 papillary and 692 conventional renal cell carcinomas placed on tissue microarray. We found a positive staining in ureteric bud and collecting duct cells in foetal kidney, in all papillary preneoplastic lesions and also in 77% of the 151 papillary renal cell tumors indicating a continuos KRT17 expression during tumor development. The neo-expression of KRT17 in conventional renal cell carcinomas, which derives from KRT17 negative proximal tubules showed a significant correlation with postoperative tumor relapse (RR=2.50; 95% CI=1.59-3.94; p<0.001). In conclusion, the continuous expression of KRT17 from emerging fetal kidney tubules and microscopic pre-neoplastic lesions towards papillary renal cell tumors and its neo-expression in aggressive growing conventional renal cell carcinomas reflects the multiple function of KRT17 in kidney cancers with distinct natural history. This should be taken into account in clinical managements and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lehel Peterfi
- Department of Urology, Medical School, University of Pecs, Hungary
| | - Arpad Szanto
- Department of Urology, Medical School, University of Pecs, Hungary
| | - Gyula Kovacs
- Department of Urology, Medical School, University of Pecs, Hungary.,Medical Faculty, Ruprecht-Karls-University, Heidelberg, Germany
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45
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Wang Z, Yang MQ, Lei L, Fei LR, Zheng YW, Huang WJ, Li ZH, Liu CC, Xu HT. Overexpression of KRT17 promotes proliferation and invasion of non-small cell lung cancer and indicates poor prognosis. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:7485-7497. [PMID: 31496806 PMCID: PMC6689799 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s218926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Keratin 17 (KRT17) is a 48 KDa type I intermediate filament, which is mainly expressed in epithelial basal cells. KRT17 has been shown to be overexpressed in many malignant tumors and play an important role in the occurrence and development of tumors. Therefore, this study explored the role and underlying mechanism of KRT17 in non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC). Methods KRT17 expression and its correlations with clinicopathological factors were examined in lung cancer tissues by immunohistochemistry. The prognosis value of KRT17 in NSCLCs was retrieved from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) online databases. The expression level of KRT17 was increased or decreased by KRT17 gene transfection or small RNA interference in lung cancer cells, respectively. Further, proliferation and invasiveness of lung cancer cells were determined by cell proliferation and invasion assays, respectively. Finally, expression levels of proteins related to Wnt signaling pathways and epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) were detected by Western blot. Results The expression level of KRT17 in NSCLCs was significantly higher than normal lung tissues. High expression of KRT17 predicted poor prognosis of patients with NSCLCs, especially lung adenocarcinomas, and was correlated with poor differentiation and lymphatic metastasis. Overexpression of KRT17 enhanced, while KRT17 knockdown inhibited, the proliferation and invasiveness of lung cancer cells. Overexpression of KRT17 up-regulated β-catenin activity and levels of Wnt target genes, such as cyclin D1, c-Myc, and MMP7. Moreover, KRT17 promoted EMT by up-regulating Vimentin, MMP-9, and Snail expression and down-regulating E-cadherin expression. Conclusion Overexpression of KRT17 is common in NSCLCs and indicates poor prognosis. Overexpression of KRT17 enhances the proliferation and invasiveness of NSCLC cells by activating the Wnt signaling pathway and EMT process. KRT17 is a potential indicator of NSCLC progression and poor survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pathology, General Hospital of Heilongjiang Land Reclamation Bureau, Harbin 150088, People's Republic of China
| | - Mai-Qing Yang
- Department of Pathology, The First Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pathology, Changyi People's Hospital, Changyi, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Lei
- Department of Pathology, The First Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang-Ru Fei
- Department of Pathology, The First Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Wen Zheng
- Department of Pathology, The First Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Jing Huang
- Department of Pathology, The First Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Han Li
- Department of Pathology, The First Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen-Chen Liu
- Department of Pathology, The First Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Tao Xu
- Department of Pathology, The First Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, People's Republic of China
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Keratin 17 identifies the most lethal molecular subtype of pancreatic cancer. Sci Rep 2019; 9:11239. [PMID: 31375762 PMCID: PMC6677817 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-47519-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the overall five-year survival of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is dismal, there are survival differences between cases with clinically and pathologically indistinguishable characteristics, suggesting that there are uncharacterized properties that drive tumor progression. Recent mRNA sequencing studies reported gene-expression signatures that define PDAC molecular subtypes that correlate with differences in survival. We previously identified Keratin 17 (K17) as a negative prognostic biomarker in other cancer types. Here, we set out to determine if K17 is as accurate as molecular subtyping of PDAC to identify patients with the shortest survival. K17 mRNA was analyzed in two independent PDAC cohorts for discovery (n = 124) and validation (n = 145). Immunohistochemical localization and scoring of K17 immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed in a third independent cohort (n = 74). Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional-hazard regression models were analyzed to determine cancer specific survival differences in low vs. high mRNA K17 expressing cases. We established that K17 expression in PDACs defines the most aggressive form of the disease. By using Cox proportional hazard ratio, we found that increased expression of K17 at the IHC level is also associated with decreased survival of PDAC patients. Additionally, within PDACs of advanced stage and negative surgical margins, K17 at both mRNA and IHC level is sufficient to identify the subgroup with the shortest survival. These results identify K17 as a novel negative prognostic biomarker that could inform patient management decisions.
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Keratin 17 is a sensitive and specific biomarker of urothelial neoplasia. Mod Pathol 2019; 32:717-724. [PMID: 30443013 DOI: 10.1038/s41379-018-0177-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
There is a clinical need to identify novel biomarkers to improve diagnostic accuracy for the detection of urothelial tumors. The current study aimed to evaluate keratin 17 (K17), an oncoprotein that drives cell cycle progression in cancers of multiple anatomic sites, as a diagnostic biomarker of urothelial neoplasia in bladder biopsies and in urine cytology specimens. We evaluated K17 expression by immunohistochemistry in formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded tissue specimens of non-papillary invasive urothelial carcinoma (UC) (classical histological cases), high grade papillary UC (PUC-LG), low grade papillary UC (PUC-HG), papillary urothelial neoplasia of low malignant potential (PUNLMP), and normal bladder mucosa. A threshold was established to dichotomize K17 status in tissue specimens as positive vs. negative, based on the proportion of cells that showed strong staining. In addition, K17 immunocytochemistry was performed on urine cytology slides, scoring positive test results based on the detection of K17 in any urothelial cells. Mann-Whitney and receiver operating characteristic analyses were used to compare K17 expression between histologic diagnostic categories. The median proportion of K17 positive tumor cells was 70% (range 20-90%) in PUNLMP, 30% (range 5-100%) in PUC-LG, 20% (range 1-100%), in PUC-HG, 35% (range 5-100%) in UC but staining was rarely detected (range 0-10%) in normal urothelial mucosa. Defining cases in which K17 was detected in ≥10% of cells were considered positive, the sensitivity of K17 in biopsies was 89% (95% CI: 80-96%) and the specificity was 88% (95% CI: 70-95%) to distinguish malignant lesions (PUC-LG, PUC-HG, and UC) from normal urothelial mucosa. Furthermore, K17 immunocytochemistry had a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 96% for urothelial carcinoma in 112 selected urine specimens. Thus, K17 is a sensitive and specific biomarker of urothelial neoplasia in tissue specimens and should be further explored as a novel biomarker for the cytologic diagnosis of urine specimens.
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Li J, Chen Q, Deng Z, Chen X, Liu H, Tao Y, Wang X, Lin S, Liu N. KRT17 confers paclitaxel-induced resistance and migration to cervical cancer cells. Life Sci 2019; 224:255-262. [PMID: 30928404 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.03.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
AIM To understand potential pro-oncological effects of lower dose paclitaxel treatment in cervical cancer cells, we investigated the potential roles of KRT17 on migration and proliferation of cervical cancer cells which might respond to cytoskeletal-based drugs treatments. MATERIALS AND METHODS We extracted the clinic data of cervical cancer patients from TCGA database to investigate mRNA expression of different keratins. HPV genotypes were identified by reverse transcription PCR. krt17 mRNA and EMT markers were quantified by real-time PCR. krt17 and EMT markers protein were immunoblotted by western blot. Cell viability was detected by CCK8. Cell migration was performed by transwell migration assay. KEY FINDINGS Our results showed that HPV16 infection correlated with the expression of KRT17 in cervical cancer cell lines. KRT17 knockdown would decrease Snail2 and elevate E-Cadherin to inhibit migration of Caski cells and SiHa cells. Lower dose of paclitaxel promoted SiHa proliferation, it also significantly promoted the migration of Caski cells. Otherwise, colchicine and higher dose of paclitaxel dose-dependently suppressed the proliferation and migration of Caski cells and SiHa cells. Moreover, KRT17 knockdown significantly facilitated cytoskeletal-based drugs to inhibit migration and induce cytotoxicity in cervical cancer cells. SIGNIFICANCE KRT17 played pivotal oncogenic roles in cell survival, migration and paclitaxel-induced resistance of cervical cancer cells. Thus, KRT17 would serve as a promising target for compromising paclitaxel-induced resistance and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyuan Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, PR China
| | - Qiufang Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, PR China
| | - Zhendong Deng
- Clinical Department of Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, PR China
| | - Xiaoting Chen
- Clinical Department of Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, PR China
| | - Hong Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, PR China
| | - Ying Tao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, PR China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, PR China
| | - Shaoqiang Lin
- Clinical Department of Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, PR China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, PR China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, PR China.
| | - Naihua Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, PR China.
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49
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Alvi E, Gupta R, Borok RZ, Escobar-Hoyos L, Shroyer KR. Overview of established and emerging immunohistochemical biomarkers and their role in correlative studies in MRI. J Magn Reson Imaging 2019; 51:341-354. [PMID: 31041822 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.26763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinical practice in radiology and pathology requires professional expertise and many years of training to visually evaluate and interpret abnormal phenotypic features in medical images and tissue sections to generate diagnoses that guide patient management and treatment. Recent advances in digital image analysis methods and machine learning have led to significant interest in extracting additional information from medical and digital whole-slide images in radiology and pathology, respectively. This has led to significant interest and research in radiomics and pathomics to correlate phenotypic features of disease with image analytics in order to identify image-based biomarkers. The expanding role of big data in radiology and pathology parallels the development and role of immunohistochemistry (IHC) in the daily practice of pathology. IHC methods were initially developed to provide additional information to help classify tumors and then transformed into an indispensable tool to guide treatment in many types of cancer. IHC markers are used in daily practice to identify specific types of cells and highlight their distributions in tissues in order to distinguish benign from neoplastic cells, determine tumor origin, subclassify neoplasms, and support and confirm diagnoses. In this regard, radiomics, pathomics, and IHC methods are very similar since they enable the extraction of image-based features to characterize various properties of diseases. Due to the dramatic advancements in recent radiomics research, we provide a brief overview of the role of established and emerging IHC biomarkers in various tumor types that have been correlated with radiologic biomarkers to improve diagnostic accuracy, predict prognosis, guide patient management, and select treatment strategies. Level of Evidence: 5 Technical Efficacy: Stage 3 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2020;51:341-354.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emaan Alvi
- Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Rajarsi Gupta
- Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA.,Department of Biomedical Informatics, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Raphael Z Borok
- Department of Pathology, Advocate Good Samaritan Hospital, Downers Grove, Illinois, USA
| | - Luisa Escobar-Hoyos
- Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA.,David M. Rubenstein Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Biology, Genetic Toxicology and Cytogenetics Research Group, School of Natural Sciences and Education, Universidad Del Cauca, Popayán, Colombia
| | - Kenneth R Shroyer
- Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
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50
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Xie L, Dang Y, Guo J, Sun X, Xie T, Zhang L, Yan Z, Amin H, Guo X. High KRT8 Expression Independently Predicts Poor Prognosis for Lung Adenocarcinoma Patients. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10010036. [PMID: 30634629 PMCID: PMC6360019 DOI: 10.3390/genes10010036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Keratin 8 (KRT8), a type II basic intermediate filament (IF) protein, is essential for the development and metastasis of various cancers. In this study, by analyzing RNA-seq data from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)-lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC), we have determined the expression profile of KRT8, and assessed its prognostic significance and the possible mechanism underlying the dysregulation. Our results showed that KRT8 mRNA expression was significantly up-regulated in both LUAD and LUSC tissues compared with normal lung tissues. The high KRT8 expression group for LUAD patients significantly reduced overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS). Univariate and multivariate analysis revealed that KRT8 expression was an independent prognostic indicator for poor OS and RFS in LUAD patients. However, KRT8 expression had no prognostic value in terms of OS and RFS for LUSC. By exploring DNA copy number alterations (CNAs) of the KRT8 gene in LUAD, we found that DNA low copy gain (+1 and +2) was associated with elevated KRT8 mRNA expression. From the above findings, we have deduced that KRT8 is aberrantly expressed in LUAD tissues and that its expression might independently predict poor OS and RFS for LUAD patients, but not for LUSC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longxiang Xie
- Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, Department of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
| | - Yifang Dang
- Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, Department of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
| | - Jinshuai Guo
- Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, Department of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
| | - Xiaoxiao Sun
- Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, Department of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
| | - Tiantian Xie
- Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, Department of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
| | - Lu Zhang
- Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, Department of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
| | - Zhongyi Yan
- Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, Department of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
| | - Hamel Amin
- Public Health Research Institute at New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers State University of New Jersey, 225 Warren Street, Newark, NJ 07103, USA.
| | - Xiangqian Guo
- Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, Department of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
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